WO2015101164A1 - Single-phase inverter test circuit for modular multi-level convertor and test method therefor - Google Patents

Single-phase inverter test circuit for modular multi-level convertor and test method therefor Download PDF

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WO2015101164A1
WO2015101164A1 PCT/CN2014/093818 CN2014093818W WO2015101164A1 WO 2015101164 A1 WO2015101164 A1 WO 2015101164A1 CN 2014093818 W CN2014093818 W CN 2014093818W WO 2015101164 A1 WO2015101164 A1 WO 2015101164A1
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voltage
sub
module
capacitor
modular multi
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PCT/CN2014/093818
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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于鹏
贺之渊
杨兵建
谢敏华
杨建伟
黄涛
夏方
阴晓光
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国家电网公司
国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司
国网智能电网研究院
中电普瑞电力工程有限公司
华北电网有限公司
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Publication of WO2015101164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015101164A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G01R31/42—AC power supplies

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  • the invention relates to a test circuit of a modular multilevel converter, in particular to a modular multilevel converter single phase inverter test circuit and a test method thereof.
  • Modular multilevel converters use sub-modules in series to achieve high voltage output with lower voltage shutdown devices, and lower output voltage waveforms with lower switching frequency, low switching frequency for device switching The loss and the total loss of the system are greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency, reliability and economy of the converter system. Modular multilevel converters are used in flexible DC transmission, high voltage inverters and other fields.
  • tests for single-phase (two-bridge) converters enable verification of sub-module electrical characteristics, bridge arm and phase-to-phase capacitance voltage balancing strategies. Compared to the complete three-phase converter test, testing for single-phase converters can reduce the number of sub-modules used in the test, simplify the test circuit, and reduce losses that may be caused by faults.
  • test circuit In order to complete the test, a test circuit needs to be built.
  • the test circuit should be as simple as possible in order to be equivalent to the actual operating conditions.
  • Modular multilevel converters differ from two level converters.
  • the modular multilevel converter does not have a concentrated DC bus like a two-level converter, and its DC support capacitance is dispersed in each sub-module. Since the bridge arm current will charge or discharge the sub-module capacitance, the modular multi-level converter must have both forward current and negative current in each leg so that the sub-module can be charged. Can discharge, the voltage can be maintained within a certain range, without being charged or always discharged, the circuit will eventually fail to work.
  • the conventional DC voltage source can only output the forward current. Therefore, the modular multilevel converter single-phase inverter circuit cannot be directly connected in parallel with the DC voltage source.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a single phase inverse of a modular multilevel converter.
  • the test circuit is composed of a single-phase modular multi-level bridge arm, and is equipped with necessary DC support power and auxiliary devices, and can realize electrical characteristics and bridge arms of the modular multi-level sub-module Verification of the pressure algorithm.
  • the invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, which is improved in that the test circuit comprises a parallel modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, a capacitor series branch and a DC voltage source.
  • the series branch, one end of the load is connected between the two reactors of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, and the other end is connected between the two DC voltage sources of the DC voltage source series branch through the capacitor series branch.
  • the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is composed of upper and lower bridge arms of the same structure in series; the intermediate points of the upper and lower bridge arms are connected to the AC output end of the modular multilevel converter;
  • Each of the upper and lower arms includes a reactor and n sub-modules having the same structure; the sub-modules of each bridge are cascaded and the one end passes through the AC output of the reactor and the modular multi-level converter. End connection; the other end of each bridge arm is cascaded and the other end is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor series branch and one end of the DC voltage source series branch to form a positive and negative bus bar of the DC end of the modular multilevel converter;
  • the current of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is equal to the current between the positive and negative bus bars of the DC terminal.
  • the submodule is composed of a parallel half bridge structure and a DC capacitor branch; a voltage equalizing resistor is connected in parallel between the half bridge structure and the DC capacitor branch for the sub The voltage equalization of the module in the locked state and the discharge of the capacitor voltage of the submodule after the shutdown is blocked;
  • the half bridge is composed of an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, and both the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm are composed of an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and a diode connected in parallel therewith.
  • the capacitor series is composed of two capacitors connected in series; the DC voltage source is connected in series with two DC voltage sources connected in series; the output voltages of the two DC voltage sources are equal, and both are modular.
  • the level converter is half of the rated DC voltage.
  • the load is a resistive load.
  • the invention provides a test method for a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit based on another object, which is improved in that after the test circuit connection is completed, the modular multilevel converter is The submodules are all in a locked state, and the test method includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Observe the capacitor voltage of the sub-module, and check whether the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is balanced, and determine whether the sub-module voltage is too high or too low.
  • the sub-module design voltage range is 1V to 6V; there is abnormality in the sub-module capacitor voltage.
  • Two DC voltage sources after the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is discharged, the fault sub-module is processed; if the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is normal, step (3) is performed;
  • the submodule equalization algorithm is verified by detecting the submodule equalization effect and the output waveform quality; if the difference between the capacitor voltages of the submodule in the modular multilevel converter is Within the design range, the sub-module capacitor voltage is designed to be 0.5V, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, indicating that the sub-module equalization algorithm works well; otherwise, the sub-module equalization algorithm needs to be improved.
  • the present invention uses two modular multi-level bridge arms to construct a single-phase real test circuit, which is connected to a passive resistive load, and outputs a sinusoidal voltage and a sinusoidal current through an open-loop passive inverter algorithm and a capacitance balancing algorithm, and an analog module.
  • the normal operation of the multilevel converter completes the testing of the converter electrical and capacitance balancing algorithms.
  • the test for the single-phase (two-bridge) converter can verify the electrical characteristics of the sub-module, the bridge arm and the phase-in-capacitor voltage balance strategy. Compared to the complete three-phase converter test, testing for single-phase converters can reduce the number of sub-modules used in the test, simplify the test circuit, and reduce losses that may be caused by faults.
  • the DC side is supported by the voltage source, so that the control algorithm does not need to control the DC voltage, which simplifies the test controller algorithm.
  • the proposed test circuit is simple and easy to implement.
  • FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of a single-phase inverter test circuit of a modular multilevel converter provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a sub-module provided by the present invention.
  • the invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, the topology diagram of which is shown in Figure 1.
  • the test circuit comprises a parallel modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, a capacitor series branch and a direct current.
  • the voltage source is connected in series, one end of the load is connected between the two reactors of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, and the other end is connected between the two DC voltage sources of the DC voltage source series branch through the capacitor series branch.
  • the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is composed of a series of identical upper arm Leg1 and lower arm Leg2.
  • the upper arm is composed of n sub-modules SM11, SM12, SM13...SM1n connected in series
  • the lower arm is composed of n sub-modules SM21, SM22, SM23...SM2n connected in series.
  • each submodule cascade end of each arm by two reactors L u and L l is connected at point C, point C as an intermediate modular multilevel inverter AC output; bridge arm each submodule The other end of the cascade is connected to one end of the capacitor series branch and one end of the DC voltage source series branch to form the positive and negative bus bars of the DC end of the modular multilevel converter; the current of the modular multilevel single phase bridge arm It is equal to the current between the positive and negative bus bars of the DC terminal.
  • the number n of series connected sub-modules in the bridge arm is the same as in the three-phase converter in practical use.
  • the internal circuit of each submodule is shown in Figure 2.
  • the first sub-module SM 11 of the above bridge arm is taken as an example.
  • the internal circuit of the sub-module includes a DC capacitor C 11 , two turn-off devices T 11 , T 12 , and two power diodes respectively connected in parallel to the turn-off device. D 11 , D 12 .
  • the sub-module DC capacitor is connected in parallel with a voltage equalizing resistor R 11 .
  • the DC side DC voltage source series branch includes two independent DC voltage sources U dc1 , U dc2 in series .
  • the output voltages of the two voltage sources are equal, which are half of the rated DC voltage of the modular multilevel converter.
  • the lower end of the voltage source U dc1 and the upper end of the voltage source U dc2 are connected to the O point.
  • Two DC voltage sources are connected in parallel with one capacitor.
  • the DC voltage source U dc1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 1
  • the DC voltage source U dc2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 2 .
  • the upper end of the DC voltage source U dc1 and the upper end of the upper arm Leg1 are connected to point A, and the lower end of the DC voltage source U dc2 and the lower end of the lower arm Leg2 are connected to point B.
  • the load Z is resistive, one end is connected to the middle point C of the reactor, and one end is connected to the middle O of the series DC voltage source.
  • the capacitors C 1 and C 2 are connected in parallel with the DC voltage sources U dc1 and U dc2 in order to allow bidirectional current to flow through the bridge arm.
  • the bridge arm current is the DC bus current. If the DC bus is only supported by the DC voltage source, the DC bus current can only be unidirectional, and the unidirectional current flows through the bridge arm. The sub-module can only be charged. Discharge will eventually lead to overvoltage damage to the submodule.
  • the capacitor can provide bidirectional current, the bridge arm current is also bidirectional, and the bridge arm sub-module voltage can be kept within a certain range.
  • the invention also provides a test method for a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit.
  • the test after the test circuit connection is completed, all sub-modules in the converter are in a locked state, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • step (3) Observe the capacitor voltage of the sub-module, and check whether the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is balanced, and determine whether the sub-module voltage is too high or too low.
  • the sub-module design voltage range is 1V to 6V; there is abnormality in the sub-module capacitor voltage.
  • Two DC voltage sources after the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is discharged, the fault sub-module is processed; if the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is normal, step (3) is performed;
  • the submodule equalization algorithm is verified by detecting the submodule equalization effect and the output waveform quality; if the difference between the capacitor voltages of the submodule in the modular multilevel converter is Within the design range, the sub-module capacitor voltage is designed to be 0.5V, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, indicating that the sub-module equalization algorithm works well; otherwise, the sub-module equalization algorithm needs to be improved.
  • the invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit and a test method thereof, and uses two modular multi-level bridge arms to construct a single-phase test circuit, which is connected with a passive resistance load and is passively opened through the ring.
  • Inverter algorithm and capacitance balancing algorithm output sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current, simulate the normal operation of modular multilevel converter, complete the test of modular multilevel converter electrical and capacitance balancing algorithm.

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Abstract

A single-phase inverter test circuit for a modular multi-level convertor and a test method therefor. The method comprises: constructing a single-phase test circuit by using two modular multi-level bridge arms; connecting a passive resistance-inductance load; by means of the open-loop passive inversion algorithm and capacitive balancing algorithm, outputting a sine voltage and a sine current; and simulating the normal operation of a modular multi-level convertor, thereby completing the test of the electrical and capacitive balancing algorithms of the modular multi-level convertor. In the test circuit, a direct-current side is supported by a voltage source, so that in the control algorithm, there is no need to control a direct-current voltage, thereby simplifying the controller algorithm of the test. In the test circuit, a direct-current voltage source at the direct-current side is connected to a capacitor in parallel, so that bidirectional currents can flow in a direct-current bus and bridge arms, thereby solving the problem that a sub-module can be charged only, but cannot discharge when the direct-current voltage source is tested separately.

Description

一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路及其试验方法Single-phase inverter test circuit of modular multilevel converter and test method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及模块化多电平变换器的试验电路，具体涉及一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路及其试验方法。The invention relates to a test circuit of a modular multilevel converter, in particular to a modular multilevel converter single phase inverter test circuit and a test method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
模块化多电平变换器利用子模块串联，可以使用较低电压的可关断器件实现高电压输出，并且可以运用较低的开关频率得到较优的输出电压波形，低开关频率带来器件开关损耗及***总损耗的极大降低，提高了换流***的效率、可靠性及经济性。模块化多电平变换器被应用于柔性直流输电，高压变频器等领域。Modular multilevel converters use sub-modules in series to achieve high voltage output with lower voltage shutdown devices, and lower output voltage waveforms with lower switching frequency, low switching frequency for device switching The loss and the total loss of the system are greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency, reliability and economy of the converter system. Modular multilevel converters are used in flexible DC transmission, high voltage inverters and other fields.
在模块化多电平变换器研制过程中，需要先针对功率器件，子模块，阀段等各个层次进行测试，再对整个变换器进行测试。这样可以先排除小的功能单元内的故障，便于分析解决测试中发现的问题。针对单相(两个桥臂)变换器进行的测试可实现对子模块电气特性，桥臂内和相内电容电压平衡策略进行验证。相对于完整的三相变换器测试，针对单相变换器的测试可以减少测试所使用的子模块数量，简化试验电路，降低可能由于故障而导致的损失。In the development of modular multilevel converters, it is necessary to test the power devices, sub-modules, valve segments and other layers, and then test the entire converter. This can eliminate faults in small functional units and facilitate analysis and resolution of problems found in the test. Tests for single-phase (two-bridge) converters enable verification of sub-module electrical characteristics, bridge arm and phase-to-phase capacitance voltage balancing strategies. Compared to the complete three-phase converter test, testing for single-phase converters can reduce the number of sub-modules used in the test, simplify the test circuit, and reduce losses that may be caused by faults.
为完成测试试验，需要搭建试验电路。试验电路应在能够等效实际运行状况的前提下，尽量简单，以便于实现。In order to complete the test, a test circuit needs to be built. The test circuit should be as simple as possible in order to be equivalent to the actual operating conditions.
模块化多电平变换器不同于两电平变换器。模块化多电平变换器没有像两电平变换器的集中的直流母线，其直流支撑电容分散于各个子模块中。由于桥臂电流会对子模块电容产生充电或放电作用，模块化多电平变换器每个桥臂中既要有正向电流，也要有负向电流，以使子模块既能充电，也能放电，电压才能维持在一定范围内，而不至于一直充电或一直放电导致电路最终无法工作。而常规的直流电压源只能输出正向电流，因此，模块化多电平变换器单相逆变电路不能直接与直流电压源并联。Modular multilevel converters differ from two level converters. The modular multilevel converter does not have a concentrated DC bus like a two-level converter, and its DC support capacitance is dispersed in each sub-module. Since the bridge arm current will charge or discharge the sub-module capacitance, the modular multi-level converter must have both forward current and negative current in each leg so that the sub-module can be charged. Can discharge, the voltage can be maintained within a certain range, without being charged or always discharged, the circuit will eventually fail to work. The conventional DC voltage source can only output the forward current. Therefore, the modular multilevel converter single-phase inverter circuit cannot be directly connected in parallel with the DC voltage source.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆 变试验电路及其试验方法，该试验电路由单相模块化多电平桥臂构成，并配有必要的直流支撑电源和辅助器件，可实现对模块化多电平子模块电气特性和桥臂均压算法的验证。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a single phase inverse of a modular multilevel converter. Variable test circuit and test method thereof, the test circuit is composed of a single-phase modular multi-level bridge arm, and is equipped with necessary DC support power and auxiliary devices, and can realize electrical characteristics and bridge arms of the modular multi-level sub-module Verification of the pressure algorithm.
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的：The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
本发明提供一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路，其改进之处在于，所述试验电路包括并联的模块化多电平单相桥臂、电容器串联支路和直流电压源串联支路，负载的一端连接在模块化多电平单相桥臂的两个电抗器中间，另一端通过电容器串联支路连接在直流电压源串联支路的两个直流电压源中间。The invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, which is improved in that the test circuit comprises a parallel modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, a capacitor series branch and a DC voltage source. The series branch, one end of the load is connected between the two reactors of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, and the other end is connected between the two DC voltage sources of the DC voltage source series branch through the capacitor series branch.
进一步地，所述模块化多电平单相桥臂由串联的结构相同的上下两桥臂构成；上下两桥臂的中点处连接模块化多电平变换器的交流输出端；Further, the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is composed of upper and lower bridge arms of the same structure in series; the intermediate points of the upper and lower bridge arms are connected to the AC output end of the modular multilevel converter;
所述上下两桥臂中每个桥臂包括1个电抗器和n个结构相同的子模块；每个桥臂的子模块级联后一端通过电抗器与模块化多电平变换器的交流输出端连接；每个桥臂的子模块级联后另一端分别与电容器串联支路的一端和直流电压源串联支路的一端连接，形成模块化多电平变换器直流端的正负极母线；Each of the upper and lower arms includes a reactor and n sub-modules having the same structure; the sub-modules of each bridge are cascaded and the one end passes through the AC output of the reactor and the modular multi-level converter. End connection; the other end of each bridge arm is cascaded and the other end is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor series branch and one end of the DC voltage source series branch to form a positive and negative bus bar of the DC end of the modular multilevel converter;
所述模块化多电平单相桥臂的电流等于直流端的正负极母线之间的电流。The current of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is equal to the current between the positive and negative bus bars of the DC terminal.
进一步地，所述子模块的个数n≥2，所述子模块由并联半桥结构和直流电容器支路构成；在半桥结构和直流电容器支路之间并联有均压电阻，用于子模块在闭锁状态下的均压，以及停机闭锁后子模块电容器电压的泄放；Further, the number of the submodules n≥2, the submodule is composed of a parallel half bridge structure and a DC capacitor branch; a voltage equalizing resistor is connected in parallel between the half bridge structure and the DC capacitor branch for the sub The voltage equalization of the module in the locked state and the discharge of the capacitor voltage of the submodule after the shutdown is blocked;
所述半桥由上半桥臂和下半桥臂构成，所述上半桥臂和下半桥臂均由绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT以及与其并联的二极管组成。The half bridge is composed of an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, and both the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm are composed of an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and a diode connected in parallel therewith.
进一步地，所述电容器串联支路由串联的两个电容器组成；所述直流电压源串联支路由串联的两个直流电压源组成；所述两个直流电压源的输出电压相等，均为模块化多电平变换器额定直流电压的一半。Further, the capacitor series is composed of two capacitors connected in series; the DC voltage source is connected in series with two DC voltage sources connected in series; the output voltages of the two DC voltage sources are equal, and both are modular. The level converter is half of the rated DC voltage.
进一步地，所述负载为阻感性负载。Further, the load is a resistive load.
本发明基于另一目的提供的一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路的试验方法，其改进之处在于，在试验电路连接完成后，所述模块化多电平变换器中的子模块均处于闭锁状态，所述试验方法包括下述步骤：The invention provides a test method for a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit based on another object, which is improved in that after the test circuit connection is completed, the modular multilevel converter is The submodules are all in a locked state, and the test method includes the following steps:
(1)将两个直流电压源开启，并将两个直流电压源的输出电压调整到测试电压，设计测试电压为±250V； (1) Turn on two DC voltage sources and adjust the output voltage of the two DC voltage sources to the test voltage, and design the test voltage to ±250V;
(2)观测子模块电容器电压，并检测子模块电容器电压是否均衡，判断是否有子模块电容电压过高或过低，子模块设计电压范围为1V至6V；有子模块电容器电压出现异常，关闭两个直流电压源，待子模块电容器电压泄放完毕后，对故障子模块进行处理；若子模块电容器电压正常，则进行步骤(3)；(2) Observe the capacitor voltage of the sub-module, and check whether the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is balanced, and determine whether the sub-module voltage is too high or too low. The sub-module design voltage range is 1V to 6V; there is abnormality in the sub-module capacitor voltage. Two DC voltage sources, after the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is discharged, the fault sub-module is processed; if the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is normal, step (3) is performed;
(3)两个直流电压源上电，子模块电容器电压均压正常后，通过子模块内部设计的控制器控制模块化多电平变换器内的子模块解锁，模块化多电平变换器采用最近电平逼近调制方式(如当前要求输出50个子模块电压和，则控制50个子模块输出为正，实时逼近当前电压要求)，输出工频50Hz正弦电压，模块化多电平单相桥臂内应用电容器电压平衡算法保证其内子模块均压；(3) Two DC voltage sources are powered on, and after the sub-module capacitor voltage equalization is normal, the sub-module in the modular multi-level converter is controlled by the controller designed inside the sub-module, and the modular multi-level converter is adopted. Recently level approximation modulation mode (such as the current requirement to output 50 sub-module voltages, then control 50 sub-module outputs to be positive, real-time approximation of current voltage requirements), output power frequency 50Hz sinusoidal voltage, modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm Applying a capacitor voltage balancing algorithm to ensure that the internal sub-modules are equalized;
(4)模块化多电平变换器运行后，通过检测子模块均压效果和输出波形质量对子模块均压算法进行验证；如果模块化多电平变换器内子模块电容器电压之间的差异在设计范围之内，设计为子模块电容器电压为0.5V，输出电压波形畸变小，说明子模块均压算法效果好；反之，则需对子模块均压算法进行改进。(4) After the modular multilevel converter is operated, the submodule equalization algorithm is verified by detecting the submodule equalization effect and the output waveform quality; if the difference between the capacitor voltages of the submodule in the modular multilevel converter is Within the design range, the sub-module capacitor voltage is designed to be 0.5V, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, indicating that the sub-module equalization algorithm works well; otherwise, the sub-module equalization algorithm needs to be improved.
与现有技术比，本发明达到的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:
1、本发明使用两个模块化多电平桥臂搭建单相实试验电路，接无源阻感性负载，通过开环无源逆变算法和电容平衡算法，输出正弦电压和正弦电流，模拟模块化多电平变换器的正常工作，完成变换器电气和电容平衡算法的测试。1. The present invention uses two modular multi-level bridge arms to construct a single-phase real test circuit, which is connected to a passive resistive load, and outputs a sinusoidal voltage and a sinusoidal current through an open-loop passive inverter algorithm and a capacitance balancing algorithm, and an analog module. The normal operation of the multilevel converter completes the testing of the converter electrical and capacitance balancing algorithms.
2、针对单相(两个桥臂)变换器进行的测试可实现对子模块电气特性，桥臂内和相内电容电压平衡策略进行验证。相对于完整的三相变换器测试，针对单相变换器的测试可以减少测试所使用的子模块数量，简化试验电路，降低可能由于故障而导致的损失。2. The test for the single-phase (two-bridge) converter can verify the electrical characteristics of the sub-module, the bridge arm and the phase-in-capacitor voltage balance strategy. Compared to the complete three-phase converter test, testing for single-phase converters can reduce the number of sub-modules used in the test, simplify the test circuit, and reduce losses that may be caused by faults.
3、在试验电路直流侧直流电压源上并联电容器串联支路，使得直流母线和桥臂内可流通双向电流，解决了单独试验直流电压源时，子模块只能充电，不能放电的问题。3. Parallel capacitor series branch on the DC side DC voltage source of the test circuit, so that bidirectional current can flow in the DC bus and the bridge arm, which solves the problem that the submodule can only be charged and cannot be discharged when the DC voltage source is tested separately.
4、在试验电路中直流侧由电压源支撑，使得控制算法中不需要对直流电压进行控制，简化了试验的控制器算法。4. In the test circuit, the DC side is supported by the voltage source, so that the control algorithm does not need to control the DC voltage, which simplifies the test controller algorithm.
5、提出的试验电路简单，易实现。 5. The proposed test circuit is simple and easy to implement.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明提供的模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路拓扑图；1 is a topological diagram of a single-phase inverter test circuit of a modular multilevel converter provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的子模块电路图。2 is a circuit diagram of a sub-module provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明的提供一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路，其拓扑图如图1所示，试验电路包括并联的模块化多电平单相桥臂、电容器串联支路和直流电压源串联支路，负载的一端连接在模块化多电平单相桥臂的两个电抗器中间，另一端通过电容器串联支路连接在直流电压源串联支路的两个直流电压源中间。The invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, the topology diagram of which is shown in Figure 1. The test circuit comprises a parallel modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, a capacitor series branch and a direct current. The voltage source is connected in series, one end of the load is connected between the two reactors of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, and the other end is connected between the two DC voltage sources of the DC voltage source series branch through the capacitor series branch.
模块化多电平单相桥臂由串联的结构相同的上桥臂Leg1和下桥臂Leg2构成。上桥臂由n个子模块SM11，SM12，SM13……SM1n串联构成，下桥臂由n个子模块SM21，SM22，SM23……SM2n串联构成。每个桥臂的n个子模块级联后一端通过两个电抗器Lu和Ll相连于C点，中间C点作为模块化多电平变换器的交流输出端；每个桥臂的子模块级联后另一端分别与电容器串联支路的一端和直流电压源串联支路的一端连接，形成模块化多电平变换器直流端的正负极母线；模块化多电平单相桥臂的电流等于直流端的正负极母线之间的电流。桥臂内串联子模块个数n与实际应用时的三相变换器中相同。每个子模块的内部电路如图2所示。以上桥臂第一个子模块SM11为例，子模块内部电路包括一个直流电容C11，两个可关断器件T11，T12，和两个分别并联在可关断器件上的功率二极管D11，D12。为实现子模块在闭锁状态下的均压，以及停机闭锁后子模块电容电压泄放，子模块直流电容并联一个均压电阻R11。The modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is composed of a series of identical upper arm Leg1 and lower arm Leg2. The upper arm is composed of n sub-modules SM11, SM12, SM13...SM1n connected in series, and the lower arm is composed of n sub-modules SM21, SM22, SM23...SM2n connected in series. After the n sub-module cascade end of each arm by two reactors L u and L l is connected at point C, point C as an intermediate modular multilevel inverter AC output; bridge arm each submodule The other end of the cascade is connected to one end of the capacitor series branch and one end of the DC voltage source series branch to form the positive and negative bus bars of the DC end of the modular multilevel converter; the current of the modular multilevel single phase bridge arm It is equal to the current between the positive and negative bus bars of the DC terminal. The number n of series connected sub-modules in the bridge arm is the same as in the three-phase converter in practical use. The internal circuit of each submodule is shown in Figure 2. The first sub-module SM 11 of the above bridge arm is taken as an example. The internal circuit of the sub-module includes a DC capacitor C 11 , two turn-off devices T 11 , T 12 , and two power diodes respectively connected in parallel to the turn-off device. D 11 , D 12 . In order to realize the voltage equalization of the sub-module in the locked state and the capacitor voltage discharge of the sub-module after the shutdown, the sub-module DC capacitor is connected in parallel with a voltage equalizing resistor R 11 .
直流侧直流电压源串联支路包括两个串联的独立直流电压源Udc1，Udc2。两电压源的输出电压相等，均为模块化多电平变换器的额定直流电压的一半，电压源Udc1下端与电压源Udc2上端连接于O点。两个直流电压源各并联一个电容，直流电压源Udc1与电容C1并联，直流电压源Udc2与电容C2并联。直流电压源Udc1的上端与上桥臂Leg1的上端连接于A点，直流电压源Udc2的下端与下桥臂Leg2的下端连接于B点。负载Z为阻感性，一端接电抗器中间C点，一端接串联直流电压源中间O。 The DC side DC voltage source series branch includes two independent DC voltage sources U dc1 , U dc2 in series . The output voltages of the two voltage sources are equal, which are half of the rated DC voltage of the modular multilevel converter. The lower end of the voltage source U dc1 and the upper end of the voltage source U dc2 are connected to the O point. Two DC voltage sources are connected in parallel with one capacitor. The DC voltage source U dc1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 1 , and the DC voltage source U dc2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 2 . The upper end of the DC voltage source U dc1 and the upper end of the upper arm Leg1 are connected to point A, and the lower end of the DC voltage source U dc2 and the lower end of the lower arm Leg2 are connected to point B. The load Z is resistive, one end is connected to the middle point C of the reactor, and one end is connected to the middle O of the series DC voltage source.
试验电路中在直流电压源Udc1和Udc2并联电容C1和C2是为了让桥臂有双向电流流过。由于试验电路为单相，桥臂电流就是直流母线电流，如果直流母线只由直流电压源支撑，直流母线电流只能是单方向的，桥臂中流过单向电流，子模块只能充电，不能放电，最终将导致子模块过压损坏。并联电容后，电容可提供双向的电流，桥臂电流也为双向，桥臂子模块电压能够保持在一定范围内。In the test circuit, the capacitors C 1 and C 2 are connected in parallel with the DC voltage sources U dc1 and U dc2 in order to allow bidirectional current to flow through the bridge arm. Since the test circuit is single-phase, the bridge arm current is the DC bus current. If the DC bus is only supported by the DC voltage source, the DC bus current can only be unidirectional, and the unidirectional current flows through the bridge arm. The sub-module can only be charged. Discharge will eventually lead to overvoltage damage to the submodule. After the capacitor is connected in parallel, the capacitor can provide bidirectional current, the bridge arm current is also bidirectional, and the bridge arm sub-module voltage can be kept within a certain range.
本发明还提供一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路的试验方法，试验中，在试验电路连接完成后，变换器内所有子模块处于闭锁状态，该方法包括下述步骤：The invention also provides a test method for a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit. In the test, after the test circuit connection is completed, all sub-modules in the converter are in a locked state, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1)将两个直流电压源开启，并将两个直流电压源的输出电压调整到测试电压，设计测试电压为±250V；(1) Turn on two DC voltage sources and adjust the output voltage of the two DC voltage sources to the test voltage, and design the test voltage to ±250V;
(2)观测子模块电容器电压，并检测子模块电容器电压是否均衡，判断是否有子模块电容电压过高或过低，子模块设计电压范围为1V至6V；有子模块电容器电压出现异常，关闭两个直流电压源，待子模块电容器电压泄放完毕后，对故障子模块进行处理；若子模块电容器电压正常，则进行步骤(3)；(2) Observe the capacitor voltage of the sub-module, and check whether the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is balanced, and determine whether the sub-module voltage is too high or too low. The sub-module design voltage range is 1V to 6V; there is abnormality in the sub-module capacitor voltage. Two DC voltage sources, after the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is discharged, the fault sub-module is processed; if the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is normal, step (3) is performed;
(3)两个直流电压源上电，子模块电容器电压均压正常后，通过子模块内部设计的控制器控制模块化多电平变换器内的子模块解锁，模块化多电平变换器采用最近电平逼近调制方式(如当前要求输出50个子模块电压和，则控制50个子模块输出为正，实时逼近当前电压要求)，输出工频50Hz正弦电压，模块化多电平单相桥臂内应用电容器电压平衡算法保证其内子模块均压；(3) Two DC voltage sources are powered on, and after the sub-module capacitor voltage equalization is normal, the sub-module in the modular multi-level converter is controlled by the controller designed inside the sub-module, and the modular multi-level converter is adopted. Recently level approximation modulation mode (such as the current requirement to output 50 sub-module voltages, then control 50 sub-module outputs to be positive, real-time approximation of current voltage requirements), output power frequency 50Hz sinusoidal voltage, modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm Applying a capacitor voltage balancing algorithm to ensure that the internal sub-modules are equalized;
(4)模块化多电平变换器运行后，通过检测子模块均压效果和输出波形质量对子模块均压算法进行验证；如果模块化多电平变换器内子模块电容器电压之间的差异在设计范围之内，设计为子模块电容器电压为0.5V，输出电压波形畸变小，说明子模块均压算法效果好；反之，则需对子模块均压算法进行改进。(4) After the modular multilevel converter is operated, the submodule equalization algorithm is verified by detecting the submodule equalization effect and the output waveform quality; if the difference between the capacitor voltages of the submodule in the modular multilevel converter is Within the design range, the sub-module capacitor voltage is designed to be 0.5V, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, indicating that the sub-module equalization algorithm works well; otherwise, the sub-module equalization algorithm needs to be improved.
本发明提供的模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路及其试验方法，使用两个模块化多电平桥臂搭建单相试验电路，接无源阻感性负载，通过开环无源逆变算法和电容平衡算法，输出正弦电压和正弦电流，模拟模块化多电平变换器的正常工作，完成模块化多电平变换器电气和电容平衡算法的测试。The invention provides a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit and a test method thereof, and uses two modular multi-level bridge arms to construct a single-phase test circuit, which is connected with a passive resistance load and is passively opened through the ring. Inverter algorithm and capacitance balancing algorithm, output sinusoidal voltage and sinusoidal current, simulate the normal operation of modular multilevel converter, complete the test of modular multilevel converter electrical and capacitance balancing algorithm.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理 解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。 Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should It is to be understood that the invention may be modified or equivalently modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路，其特征在于，所述试验电路包括并联的模块化多电平单相桥臂、电容器串联支路和直流电压源串联支路，负载的一端连接在模块化多电平单相桥臂的两个电抗器中间，另一端通过电容器串联支路连接在直流电压源串联支路的两个直流电压源中间。A modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, characterized in that the test circuit comprises a parallel modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, a capacitor series branch and a DC voltage source series branch, load One end is connected between the two reactors of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm, and the other end is connected between the two DC voltage sources of the DC voltage source series branch through the capacitor series branch.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的单相逆变试验电路，其特征在于，所述模块化多电平单相桥臂由串联的结构相同的上下两桥臂构成；上下两桥臂的中点处连接模块化多电平变换器的交流输出端；The single-phase inverter test circuit according to claim 1, wherein said modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is composed of upper and lower bridge arms having the same structure in series; and connecting at a midpoint of upper and lower bridge arms An AC output of a modular multilevel converter;
    所述上下两桥臂中每个桥臂包括1个电抗器和n个结构相同的子模块；每个桥臂的子模块级联后一端通过电抗器与模块化多电平变换器的交流输出端连接；每个桥臂的子模块级联后另一端分别与电容器串联支路的一端和直流电压源串联支路的一端连接，形成模块化多电平变换器直流端的正负极母线；Each of the upper and lower arms includes a reactor and n sub-modules having the same structure; the sub-modules of each bridge are cascaded and the one end passes through the AC output of the reactor and the modular multi-level converter. End connection; the other end of each bridge arm is cascaded and the other end is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor series branch and one end of the DC voltage source series branch to form a positive and negative bus bar of the DC end of the modular multilevel converter;
    所述模块化多电平单相桥臂的电流等于直流端的正负极母线之间的电流。The current of the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm is equal to the current between the positive and negative bus bars of the DC terminal.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的单相逆变试验电路，其特征在于，所述子模块的个数n≥2，所述子模块由并联半桥结构和直流电容器支路构成；在半桥结构和直流电容器支路之间并联有均压电阻，用于子模块在闭锁状态下的均压，以及停机闭锁后子模块电容器电压的泄放；The single-phase inverter test circuit according to claim 2, wherein the number of the sub-modules n ≥ 2, the sub-module is composed of a parallel half-bridge structure and a DC capacitor branch; A voltage equalizing resistor is connected in parallel between the DC capacitor branches for the voltage equalization of the submodule in the locked state, and the discharge of the capacitor voltage of the submodule after the shutdown is blocked;
    所述半桥由上半桥臂和下半桥臂构成，所述上半桥臂和下半桥臂均由绝缘栅双极型晶体管IGBT以及与其并联的二极管组成。The half bridge is composed of an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm, and both the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm are composed of an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and a diode connected in parallel therewith.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的单相逆变试验电路，其特征在于，所述电容器串联支路由串联的两个电容器组成；所述直流电压源串联支路由串联的两个直流电压源组成；所述两个直流电压源的输出电压相等，均为模块化多电平变换器额定直流电压的一半。The single-phase inverter test circuit according to claim 1, wherein said capacitor series is composed of two capacitors connected in series; said DC voltage source is connected in series by two DC voltage sources connected in series; The output voltages of the two DC voltage sources are equal, which is half of the rated DC voltage of the modular multilevel converter.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的单相逆变试验电路，其特征在于，所述负载为阻感性负载。The single phase inverter test circuit of claim 1 wherein said load is a resistive load.
  6. 一种模块化多电平变换器单相逆变试验电路的试验方法，其特征在于，在试验电路连接完成后，所述模块化多电平变换器中的子模块均处于闭锁状态，所述试验方法包括下述步骤：A test method for a modular multi-level converter single-phase inverter test circuit, characterized in that after the test circuit connection is completed, the sub-modules in the modular multi-level converter are in a locked state, The test method includes the following steps:
    (1)将两个直流电压源开启，并将两个直流电压源的输出电压调整到测试 电压，设计测试电压为±250V；(1) Turn on two DC voltage sources and adjust the output voltage of the two DC voltage sources to the test. Voltage, design test voltage is ±250V;
    (2)观测子模块电容器电压，并检测子模块电容器电压是否均衡，判断是否有子模块电容电压过高或过低，子模块设计电压范围为1V至6V；有子模块电容器电压出现异常，关闭两个直流电压源，待子模块电容器电压泄放完毕后，对故障子模块进行处理；若子模块电容器电压正常，则进行步骤(3)；(2) Observe the capacitor voltage of the sub-module, and check whether the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is balanced, and determine whether the sub-module voltage is too high or too low. The sub-module design voltage range is 1V to 6V; there is abnormality in the sub-module capacitor voltage. Two DC voltage sources, after the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is discharged, the fault sub-module is processed; if the capacitor voltage of the sub-module is normal, step (3) is performed;
    (3)两个直流电压源上电，子模块电容器电压均压正常后，通过子模块内部设计的控制器控制模块化多电平变换器内的子模块解锁，模块化多电平变换器采用最近电平逼近调制方式，输出工频50Hz正弦电压，模块化多电平单相桥臂内应用电容器电压平衡算法保证其内子模块均压；(3) Two DC voltage sources are powered on, and after the sub-module capacitor voltage equalization is normal, the sub-module in the modular multi-level converter is controlled by the controller designed inside the sub-module, and the modular multi-level converter is adopted. The latest level approximation modulation mode, output power frequency 50Hz sinusoidal voltage, the application of capacitor voltage balance algorithm in the modular multi-level single-phase bridge arm to ensure the internal sub-module voltage equalization;
    (4)模块化多电平变换器运行后，通过检测子模块均压效果和输出波形质量对子模块均压算法进行验证；如果模块化多电平变换器内子模块电容器电压之间的差异在设计范围之内，设计为子模块电容器电压为0.5V，输出电压波形畸变小，说明子模块均压算法效果好；反之，则需对子模块均压算法进行改进。 (4) After the modular multilevel converter is operated, the submodule equalization algorithm is verified by detecting the submodule equalization effect and the output waveform quality; if the difference between the capacitor voltages of the submodule in the modular multilevel converter is Within the design range, the sub-module capacitor voltage is designed to be 0.5V, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, indicating that the sub-module equalization algorithm works well; otherwise, the sub-module equalization algorithm needs to be improved.
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