WO2015100942A1 - High-speed engraving and milling electric spindle - Google Patents

High-speed engraving and milling electric spindle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100942A1
WO2015100942A1 PCT/CN2014/079282 CN2014079282W WO2015100942A1 WO 2015100942 A1 WO2015100942 A1 WO 2015100942A1 CN 2014079282 W CN2014079282 W CN 2014079282W WO 2015100942 A1 WO2015100942 A1 WO 2015100942A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water jacket
aluminum water
cylinder
bearing housing
bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/079282
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汤秀清
Original Assignee
广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015100942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100942A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
    • B23B31/26—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle
    • B23B31/261—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank
    • B23B31/265—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank by means of collets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
    • B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
    • B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle. Background technique
  • the electric spindle is also called the motor built-in spindle, which is driven directly by the internal motor, without the need for an external servo motor to work like a conventional mechanical spindle.
  • the structure of the electric spindle is compact, so high speed, high precision and high running stability can be achieved.
  • the built-in motor is generally small, and its power and output torque are smaller than those of the conventional mechanical spindle.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle with stable operation, high rotation speed and large torque.
  • a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle comprising a body with an inner cavity, a rotating shaft system disposed in the body, an aluminum water jacket, a broach system, a gas sealing system, a water cooling system and a driving motor;
  • the rotating shaft system includes a shaft core and a bearing a first bearing, a second bearing and a bearing housing mounted in the bearing housing;
  • the broach system comprises a cylinder, a piston, a drawbar, a claw assembly and a shank;
  • the shaft core is axially disposed in the inner cavity of the body
  • the first bearing and the second bearing are disposed at opposite ends of the axial core along the extending direction of the axial core, and the bearing housing is sleeved outside the bearing housing and abuts
  • the cylinder is connected to one end of the bearing housing sleeve away from the body through an aluminum water jacket;
  • the piston is disposed in the cylinder, and one end of the piston is movably received in the aluminum water jacket and
  • the shank is exposed outside the machine body; the pull rod is disposed in the shaft core and one end is disposed in the aluminum water jacket and opposite to the piston; the claw assembly is disposed at one end of the rod away from the piston for clamping the shank;
  • the sealing system comprises a through groove disposed on the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing and the body; the water cooling system comprises a cooling water hole disposed in the cylinder, the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing and the body.
  • the outer diameter of the cylinder, aluminum water jacket and housing jacket is the same, and the ratio of the total length of the body to the cylinder, aluminum water jacket and housing jacket is 1:1.
  • the drive motor is a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor.
  • the piston is designed in three layers with a piston diameter between 75 and 80 mm.
  • the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the body, the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket and the cylinder are basically the same, so the outline is very simple. At the same time, the ratio of the total length of the body to the outer sleeve of the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket and the cylinder is 1:1, which also makes the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle more balanced in terms of structural arrangement. In addition, in addition to its compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low vibration, low noise, high processing rigidity, etc., it also considers the need for high-speed engraving and milling electric spindles to run smoothly and large cutting power. The specific performance is as follows:
  • the drive motor uses a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor, thereby increasing the power of the motor;
  • This high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has an automatic tool changer.
  • the tool holder is in the form of IS025.
  • the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle increases the spindle speed to 36000 rpm with the IS025 shank, which is very advantageous in the application field.
  • the claw assembly consists of 4-claw claws, which is small in number and simple in structure. , making the broach's operating performance more superior.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the high speed engraving and milling electric spindle of the present invention
  • the body 11, the inner cavity; 13, the lower cover; 20, the shaft system; 21, the shaft core; 22, the bearing seat; 23, the first bearing; 24, the second bearing; 25, the bearing housing; , aluminum water jacket; 40, broach system; 41, cylinder; 42, piston; 43, pull rod; 44, claw assembly; 45, tool holder; 50, gas seal system; 60, water cooling system.
  • a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle of the present invention includes a body 10 with a cavity 11 and is disposed in the body 10 .
  • a lower cover 13 is provided at one end of the body 10.
  • the spindle system 20 includes a shaft core 21, a bearing housing 22, a first bearing 23, a second bearing 24, and a bearing housing jacket 25.
  • the shaft core 21 is bored in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 in the axial direction.
  • the first bearing 23 and the second bearing 24 are disposed at opposite ends of the shaft core 21 along the extending direction of the shaft core 21 to support the shaft core 21.
  • the first bearing 23 is mounted in a bearing housing 22 having a preloading elastic force. Since the outer ring of the first bearing 23 is not fixed, the speed is guaranteed
  • the engraving and milling electric spindle can operate at high speed while ensuring that the outer ring of the first bearing 23 is floating and flexible. In this way, the thermal elongation of the shaft core 21 caused by the heat during the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is alleviated.
  • the bearing housing jacket 25 is placed on the bearing housing 22 and is attached to the body 10.
  • the broach system 40 includes a cylinder 41, a piston 42, a drawbar 43, a puller assembly 44, and a shank 45.
  • the cylinder 41 is connected to the end of the housing 10 by the aluminum water jacket 30 away from the end of the body 10.
  • the outer diameters of the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the bearing housing outer sleeve 25 are substantially the same, and the ratio of the total length of the body 10 of the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle to the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the bearing housing jacket 25 is 1: 1.
  • the contour of the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is simple and balanced in terms of structural arrangement, thereby providing a sufficient design space for the cylinder 41 which provides a large broach force.
  • the piston 42 is disposed in the cylinder 41, and one end of the piston 42 is movably received in the aluminum water jacket 30 and can be reciprocated relative to the aluminum water jacket 30 by the cylinder 41.
  • the shank 45 is exposed through the lower cover 13 to the body 10 .
  • the piston 42 is of a three-layer type and has a diameter of between 75 and 80 mm.
  • the pull rod 43 is disposed in the shaft core 21, and one end thereof is bored in the aluminum water jacket 30 and opposed to the piston 42.
  • the claw assembly 44 is disposed at an end of the pull rod 43 away from the piston 42 for clamping the shank 45.
  • the piston 42 moves toward the rod 43 and pushes the rod 43.
  • the jaw assembly 44 opens and stops the introduction of compressed gas after the shank 45 extends into the open jaw assembly 44.
  • the pull rod 43 rebounds under the action of the spring force to complete the broaching action.
  • the claw assembly 44 is composed of a 4-lobed claw piece, the number is small, and the structure is simpler, so that the broach is operable. Can be more superior.
  • the gas seal system 50 includes a through groove disposed in the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing jacket 25, and the body 10.
  • the compressed gas is introduced into the cylinder 41, the gas passes through the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing outer casing 25 and the through groove of the body 10, and finally enters the lower cover 13 of the body 10 and other components through the annular groove opening structure.
  • the gap between the gaps is achieved by positive air pressure in the gap. In this way, the generated gas film effectively isolates the infestation of external dust and dirt, ensures the cleaning inside the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle, and ensures the life and accuracy of the first bearing 23 and the second bearing 24.
  • the water cooling system 60 includes cooling water holes provided in the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing jacket 25, and the body 10.
  • the cooling water sequentially passes through the cooling water holes of the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30, and the bearing housing outer casing 25 into the circulating water passage of the body 10.
  • the cooling water is fully circulated and reciprocated in the body 10, and then sequentially flows through the shaft 7 housing 25, the aluminum water jacket 30, the other cooling water hole of the cylinder 41, and finally the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is discharged from the coolant outlet, thereby Taking away the heat generated by the motor and other components during operation, the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle can work stably.
  • the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameters of the body 10, the outer sleeve 25 of the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the cylinder 41 are substantially uniform, so that the outer contour is very simple.
  • the ratio of the total length of the body 10 to the bearing housing jacket 25, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the cylinder 41 is 1:1, which also makes the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle more balanced in terms of structural arrangement.
  • light weight, low inertia, low vibration, low noise, high processing rigidity, etc. it also considers the need for high-speed engraving and milling electric spindles to run smoothly and large cutting power.
  • the specific performance is as follows:
  • the drive motor uses a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor, thereby increasing the power of the motor; 2.
  • Three cylinders 42 are designed in the cylinder 41, and the diameter of the piston 42 is between 75-80 mm, thereby ensuring stability and the stability of the broach to provide a large broach force;
  • This high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has an automatic tool changer built in.
  • the tool holder 45 is in the form of IS025.
  • the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle increases the spindle rotation speed to 36000 rpm with the IS025 shank 45, which is very advantageous in the application field.
  • the claw assembly 44 is composed of a 4-lobed claw piece, the number is small, and the structure is more For simplicity, the broach's operating performance is superior.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

A high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle. The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle comprises a machine body (10), a rotating shaft system (20), an aluminum water jacket (30), a broach system (40), an air sealing system (50), a water cooling system (60) and a driving motor. The air sealing system (50) comprises through grooves disposed in the aluminum water jacket (30), a bearing seat outer sleeve (25) and the machine body (10). The water cooling system (60) comprises cooling water holes disposed in an air cylinder (41), the aluminum water jacket (30), the bearing seat outer sleeve (25) and the machine body (10). The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is cylindrical, the outer diameters of the machine body (10), the bearing seat outer sleeve (25), the aluminum water jacket (30) and the air cylinder (41) are basically the same, and the ratio of the total length of the machine body (10) to the total length of the bearing seat outer sleeve (25), the aluminum water jacket (30) and the air cylinder (41) is 1:1, so that the electric spindle is more balanced in structural arrangement.

Description

一种高速雕铣电主轴 技术领域  High-speed engraving and milling electric spindle
本实用新型涉及一种高速雕铣电主轴。 背景技术  The utility model relates to a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle. Background technique
电主轴又叫电机内装式主轴， 其依靠内部电机直接驱动， 而不需 要像传统的机械主轴那样需要外接伺服电机来工作。电主轴的结构紧 凑， 所以可以实现高转速、 高精度以及高运转的稳定性。 但由于主轴 体积的限制， 内装的电机一般较小， 其功率和输出扭矩较传统的机械 主轴小。 实用新型内容  The electric spindle is also called the motor built-in spindle, which is driven directly by the internal motor, without the need for an external servo motor to work like a conventional mechanical spindle. The structure of the electric spindle is compact, so high speed, high precision and high running stability can be achieved. However, due to the limitation of the spindle volume, the built-in motor is generally small, and its power and output torque are smaller than those of the conventional mechanical spindle. Utility model content
针对现有技术的不足，本实用新型的目的旨在于提供一种运转平 稳、 转速高且扭矩大的高速雕铣电主轴。  In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle with stable operation, high rotation speed and large torque.
为实现上述目的， 本实用新型釆用如下技术方案：  In order to achieve the above object, the utility model uses the following technical solutions:
一种高速雕铣电主轴， 其包括带有内腔的机体、设置于机体内的 转轴***、 铝水套、 拉刀***、 气封***、 水冷***以及驱动电机； 转轴***包括轴芯、 轴承座、 安装于轴承座内的第一轴承、 第二轴承 以及轴承座外套； 拉刀***包括气缸、 活塞、 拉杆、 拉爪组件以及刀 柄； 轴芯沿轴向穿设于机体的内腔内， 第一轴承与第二轴承沿轴芯的 延伸方向设置于轴芯相对的两端，轴承座外套套装于轴承座外并抵接 于机体上； 气缸通过铝水套连接于轴承座外套远离机体的一端； 活塞 设置于气缸内，其一端活动收容于铝水套内并可在气缸的带动下相对 于铝水套做来回往复运动； 刀柄穿过机体外露于机体外； 拉杆穿设于 轴芯内且一端穿设于铝水套内并与活塞相对；拉爪组件设置于拉杆远 离活塞的一端用于夹持刀柄； 气封***包括设置于铝水套、轴承座外 套以及机体上的通槽； 水冷***包括设置于气缸、 铝水套、 轴承座外 套以及机体的冷却水孔。 A high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle comprising a body with an inner cavity, a rotating shaft system disposed in the body, an aluminum water jacket, a broach system, a gas sealing system, a water cooling system and a driving motor; the rotating shaft system includes a shaft core and a bearing a first bearing, a second bearing and a bearing housing mounted in the bearing housing; the broach system comprises a cylinder, a piston, a drawbar, a claw assembly and a shank; the shaft core is axially disposed in the inner cavity of the body The first bearing and the second bearing are disposed at opposite ends of the axial core along the extending direction of the axial core, and the bearing housing is sleeved outside the bearing housing and abuts The cylinder is connected to one end of the bearing housing sleeve away from the body through an aluminum water jacket; the piston is disposed in the cylinder, and one end of the piston is movably received in the aluminum water jacket and can be reciprocated back and forth with respect to the aluminum water jacket by the cylinder. The shank is exposed outside the machine body; the pull rod is disposed in the shaft core and one end is disposed in the aluminum water jacket and opposite to the piston; the claw assembly is disposed at one end of the rod away from the piston for clamping the shank; The sealing system comprises a through groove disposed on the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing and the body; the water cooling system comprises a cooling water hole disposed in the cylinder, the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing and the body.
气缸、 铝水套以及轴承座外套的外径相同， 且机体与气缸、 铝水 套以及轴承座外套的总长度之比为 1 :1。  The outer diameter of the cylinder, aluminum water jacket and housing jacket is the same, and the ratio of the total length of the body to the cylinder, aluminum water jacket and housing jacket is 1:1.
驱动电机为四级三相异步电机。  The drive motor is a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor.
活塞设计有三层， 且活塞直径均位于 75-80mm之间。  The piston is designed in three layers with a piston diameter between 75 and 80 mm.
本发明的有益效果在于：  The beneficial effects of the invention are:
该高速雕铣电主轴呈圓柱形， 机体、 轴承座外套、 铝水套以及气 缸的外径基本一致， 因此外形轮廓十分简洁。 同时， 机体与轴承座外 套、 铝水套以及气缸的总长度之比为 1 : 1 , 也使得高速雕铣电主轴在 结构布置方面显得更为平衡。 另外， 除了具有结构紧凑、 重量轻、 惯 性小、 振动小、 噪声低、 加工刚度高等优异的品质外， 还综合考虑了 高速雕铣电主轴运转平稳和较大切削功率的需要， 具体表现为： The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the body, the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket and the cylinder are basically the same, so the outline is very simple. At the same time, the ratio of the total length of the body to the outer sleeve of the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket and the cylinder is 1:1, which also makes the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle more balanced in terms of structural arrangement. In addition, in addition to its compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low vibration, low noise, high processing rigidity, etc., it also considers the need for high-speed engraving and milling electric spindles to run smoothly and large cutting power. The specific performance is as follows:
1、 驱动电机釆用四级三相异步电机， 从而加大了电机的功率；1. The drive motor uses a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor, thereby increasing the power of the motor;
2、 气缸中设计有三层活塞， 且活塞直径均位于 75-80mm之间， 从而保证稳定性与拉刀的稳固性以提供较大的拉刀力； 2. There are three layers of pistons in the cylinder, and the diameter of the piston is between 75-80mm, thus ensuring the stability and the stability of the broach to provide a large broaching force;
3、 本高速雕铣电主轴内置自动换刀装置， 刀柄形式为 IS025。 该高速雕铣电主轴在釆用了 IS025 刀柄的情况下将主轴转速提高到 了 36000rpm, 在应用领域十分具有优势； 同时， 拉爪组件由 4瓣拉 爪片组成， 数量少， 结构更为简单， 使得拉刀的操作性能更加优越。 附图说明 3. This high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has an automatic tool changer. The tool holder is in the form of IS025. The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle increases the spindle speed to 36000 rpm with the IS025 shank, which is very advantageous in the application field. At the same time, the claw assembly consists of 4-claw claws, which is small in number and simple in structure. , making the broach's operating performance more superior. DRAWINGS
图 1为本实用新型高速雕铣电主轴的剖视图；  Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the high speed engraving and milling electric spindle of the present invention;
其中： 10、 机体； 11、 内腔； 13、 下盖； 20、 转轴***； 21、 轴 芯； 22、 轴承座； 23、 第一轴承； 24、 第二轴承； 25、 轴承座外套； 30、 铝水套； 40、 拉刀***； 41、 气缸； 42、 活塞； 43、 拉杆； 44、 拉爪组件； 45、 刀柄； 50、 气封***； 60、 水冷***。 具体实施方式  Among them: 10, the body; 11, the inner cavity; 13, the lower cover; 20, the shaft system; 21, the shaft core; 22, the bearing seat; 23, the first bearing; 24, the second bearing; 25, the bearing housing; , aluminum water jacket; 40, broach system; 41, cylinder; 42, piston; 43, pull rod; 44, claw assembly; 45, tool holder; 50, gas seal system; 60, water cooling system. detailed description
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本实用新型做进一步描述： 请参看图 1 , 本实用新型的一种高速雕铣电主轴， 其包括带有内 腔 11的机体 10、 设置于机体 10内的转轴*** 20、 铝水套 30、 拉刀 *** 40、 气封*** 50、 水冷*** 60以及驱动电机（图未示）。 机体 10的一端设置有下盖 13。  The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Referring to FIG. 1 , a high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle of the present invention includes a body 10 with a cavity 11 and is disposed in the body 10 . The shaft system 20, the aluminum water jacket 30, the broach system 40, the gas seal system 50, the water cooling system 60, and the drive motor (not shown). A lower cover 13 is provided at one end of the body 10.
转轴*** 20包括轴芯 21、 轴承座 22、 第一轴承 23、 第二轴承 24以及轴承座外套 25。 轴芯 21沿轴向穿设于机体 10的内腔 11内。 第一轴承 23与第二轴承 24沿轴芯 21的延伸方向设置于轴芯 21相对 的两端， 用以支撑轴芯 21。 其中， 第一轴承 23安装于具有预紧弹性 力的轴承座 22内。 由于第一轴承 23外圈并不固定， 因此在保证高速 雕铣电主轴能够高速运转的同时又可以保证第一轴承 23外圈浮动灵 活。 如此， 緩解了高速雕铣电主轴在工作过程中因发热而引起轴芯 21的热伸长。 轴承座外套 25套装于轴承座 22夕卜， 并 4氐接于机体 10 上。 The spindle system 20 includes a shaft core 21, a bearing housing 22, a first bearing 23, a second bearing 24, and a bearing housing jacket 25. The shaft core 21 is bored in the inner cavity 11 of the body 10 in the axial direction. The first bearing 23 and the second bearing 24 are disposed at opposite ends of the shaft core 21 along the extending direction of the shaft core 21 to support the shaft core 21. Among them, the first bearing 23 is mounted in a bearing housing 22 having a preloading elastic force. Since the outer ring of the first bearing 23 is not fixed, the speed is guaranteed The engraving and milling electric spindle can operate at high speed while ensuring that the outer ring of the first bearing 23 is floating and flexible. In this way, the thermal elongation of the shaft core 21 caused by the heat during the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is alleviated. The bearing housing jacket 25 is placed on the bearing housing 22 and is attached to the body 10.
拉刀*** 40包括气缸 41、 活塞 42、 拉杆 43、 拉爪组件 44以及 刀柄 45。 气缸 41通过铝水套 30连接于轴承座外套 25远离机体 10 的一端。 其中， 气缸 41、 铝水套 30以及轴承座外套 25的外径基本 一致， 且高速雕铣电主轴的机体 10与气缸 41、 铝水套 30以及轴承 座外套 25的总长度之比为 1 : 1。如此，使得高速雕铣电主轴的轮廓十 分简洁且在结构布置方面显得更为平衡，从而为提供较大拉刀力的气 缸 41提供了充分的设计空间。 活塞 42设置于气缸 41 内， 其一端活 动收容于铝水套 30内并可在气缸 41的带动下相对于铝水套 30做来 回往复运动。 刀柄 45穿过下盖 13外露于机体 10夕卜。 在本实施例中， 活塞 42为三层式且直径均在 75-80mm之间。  The broach system 40 includes a cylinder 41, a piston 42, a drawbar 43, a puller assembly 44, and a shank 45. The cylinder 41 is connected to the end of the housing 10 by the aluminum water jacket 30 away from the end of the body 10. The outer diameters of the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the bearing housing outer sleeve 25 are substantially the same, and the ratio of the total length of the body 10 of the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle to the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the bearing housing jacket 25 is 1: 1. In this way, the contour of the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is simple and balanced in terms of structural arrangement, thereby providing a sufficient design space for the cylinder 41 which provides a large broach force. The piston 42 is disposed in the cylinder 41, and one end of the piston 42 is movably received in the aluminum water jacket 30 and can be reciprocated relative to the aluminum water jacket 30 by the cylinder 41. The shank 45 is exposed through the lower cover 13 to the body 10 . In the present embodiment, the piston 42 is of a three-layer type and has a diameter of between 75 and 80 mm.
拉杆 43穿设于轴芯 21 内， 其一端穿设于铝水套 30内并与活塞 42相对。 拉爪组件 44设置于拉杆 43远离活塞 42的一端， 用于夹持 刀柄 45。 当持续向气缸 41通入压缩气体时， 活塞 42向靠近拉杆 43 方向移动并推动拉杆 43。 此时， 拉爪组件 44张开并在刀柄 45伸入 张开的拉爪组件 44后停止通入压缩气体。拉杆 43在弹簧力的作用下 回弹， 完成拉刀动作。 当进行卸刀操作时， 重复相同的通气过程， 使 拉爪组件 44再次张开， 从而取下刀柄 45。 在本实施例中， 拉爪组件 44 由 4瓣拉爪片组成， 数量少， 结构更为简单， 使得拉刀的操作性 能更加优越。 The pull rod 43 is disposed in the shaft core 21, and one end thereof is bored in the aluminum water jacket 30 and opposed to the piston 42. The claw assembly 44 is disposed at an end of the pull rod 43 away from the piston 42 for clamping the shank 45. When the compressed gas is continuously supplied to the cylinder 41, the piston 42 moves toward the rod 43 and pushes the rod 43. At this point, the jaw assembly 44 opens and stops the introduction of compressed gas after the shank 45 extends into the open jaw assembly 44. The pull rod 43 rebounds under the action of the spring force to complete the broaching action. When the unloading operation is performed, the same venting process is repeated to cause the claw assembly 44 to open again, thereby removing the shank 45. In the present embodiment, the claw assembly 44 is composed of a 4-lobed claw piece, the number is small, and the structure is simpler, so that the broach is operable. Can be more superior.
气封*** 50包括设置于铝水套 30、 轴承座外套 25以及机体 10 上的通槽。 当向气缸 41通入压缩气体， 气体依次经过铝水套 30、 轴 承座外套 25以及机体 10的通槽时，最后通过环槽开孔结构均勾的进 入机体 10的下盖 13与其它部件之间的缝隙， 实现缝隙空气正压。 如 此， 产生的气膜有效地隔离开外来粉尘与污垢的侵染， 保证高速雕铣 电主轴内部的清洁，保证了第一轴承 23与第二轴承 24的寿命及精度。  The gas seal system 50 includes a through groove disposed in the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing jacket 25, and the body 10. When the compressed gas is introduced into the cylinder 41, the gas passes through the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing outer casing 25 and the through groove of the body 10, and finally enters the lower cover 13 of the body 10 and other components through the annular groove opening structure. The gap between the gaps is achieved by positive air pressure in the gap. In this way, the generated gas film effectively isolates the infestation of external dust and dirt, ensures the cleaning inside the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle, and ensures the life and accuracy of the first bearing 23 and the second bearing 24.
水冷*** 60包括设置于气缸 41、 铝水套 30、 轴承座外套 25以 及机体 10的冷却水孔。 当持续向冷却液进口中通水时， 冷却水依次 经过气缸 41、 铝水套 30、 轴承座外套 25上的冷却水孔进入机体 10 的循环水道。 当冷却水在机体 10内充分地循环往复流动， 然后依次 流经轴 7 座外套 25、 铝水套 30、 气缸 41的另一冷却水孔， 最后从冷 却液出口流出高速雕铣电主轴，从而带走电机等部件在工作时产生的 热量， 使高速雕铣电主轴可以稳定工作。  The water cooling system 60 includes cooling water holes provided in the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30, the bearing housing jacket 25, and the body 10. When the water is continuously supplied to the coolant inlet, the cooling water sequentially passes through the cooling water holes of the cylinder 41, the aluminum water jacket 30, and the bearing housing outer casing 25 into the circulating water passage of the body 10. When the cooling water is fully circulated and reciprocated in the body 10, and then sequentially flows through the shaft 7 housing 25, the aluminum water jacket 30, the other cooling water hole of the cylinder 41, and finally the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is discharged from the coolant outlet, thereby Taking away the heat generated by the motor and other components during operation, the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle can work stably.
在本发明中， 该高速雕铣电主轴呈圓柱形， 机体 10、 轴承座外 套 25、 铝水套 30以及气缸 41的外径基本一致， 因此外形轮廓十分 简洁。 同时， 机体 10与轴承座外套 25、 铝水套 30以及气缸 41的总 长度之比为 1 : 1 , 也使得高速雕铣电主轴在结构布置方面显得更为平 衡。 另外， 除了具有结构紧凑、 重量轻、 惯性小、 振动小、 噪声低、 加工刚度高等优异的品质外，还综合考虑了高速雕铣电主轴运转平稳 和较大切削功率的需要， 具体表现为：  In the present invention, the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameters of the body 10, the outer sleeve 25 of the bearing housing, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the cylinder 41 are substantially uniform, so that the outer contour is very simple. At the same time, the ratio of the total length of the body 10 to the bearing housing jacket 25, the aluminum water jacket 30 and the cylinder 41 is 1:1, which also makes the high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle more balanced in terms of structural arrangement. In addition, in addition to its compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low vibration, low noise, high processing rigidity, etc., it also considers the need for high-speed engraving and milling electric spindles to run smoothly and large cutting power. The specific performance is as follows:
1、 驱动电机釆用四级三相异步电机， 从而加大了电机的功率； 2、气缸 41中设计有三层活塞 42,且活塞 42直径均位于 75-80mm 之间， 从而保证稳定性与拉刀的稳固性以提供较大的拉刀力； 1. The drive motor uses a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor, thereby increasing the power of the motor; 2. Three cylinders 42 are designed in the cylinder 41, and the diameter of the piston 42 is between 75-80 mm, thereby ensuring stability and the stability of the broach to provide a large broach force;
3、本高速雕铣电主轴内置自动换刀装置，刀柄 45形式为 IS025。 该高速雕铣电主轴在釆用了 IS025刀柄 45的情况下将主轴转速提高 到了 36000rpm, 在应用领域十分具有优势； 同时， 拉爪组件 44由 4 瓣拉爪片组成， 数量少， 结构更为简单， 使得拉刀的操作性能更加优 越。  3. This high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle has an automatic tool changer built in. The tool holder 45 is in the form of IS025. The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle increases the spindle rotation speed to 36000 rpm with the IS025 shank 45, which is very advantageous in the application field. At the same time, the claw assembly 44 is composed of a 4-lobed claw piece, the number is small, and the structure is more For simplicity, the broach's operating performance is superior.
对本领域的技术人员来说， 可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构 思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变， 而所有的这些改变以及形变 都应该属于本实用新型权利要求的保护范围之内。  Various other changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above-described technical solutions and modifications, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claims
种高速雕铣电主轴， 其特征在于： 包括带有内腔的机体、 设 置于机体内的转轴***、 铝水套、 拉刀***、 气封***、 水 冷***以及驱动电机； 转轴***包括轴芯、 轴承座、 安装于 轴承座内的第一轴承、 第二轴承以及轴承座外套； 拉刀*** 包括气缸、 活塞、 拉杆、 拉爪组件以及刀柄； 轴芯沿轴向穿 设于机体的内腔内， 第一轴承与第二轴承沿轴芯的延伸方向 设置于轴芯相对的两端， 轴承座外套套装于轴承座外并抵接 于机体上； 气缸通过铝水套连接于轴承座外套远离机体的一 端； 活塞设置于气缸内， 其一端活动收容于铝水套内并可在 气缸的带动下相对于铝水套做来回往复运动； 刀柄穿过机体 外露于机体外； 拉杆穿设于轴芯内且一端穿设于铝水套内并 与活塞相对； 拉爪组件设置于拉杆远离活塞的一端用于夹持 刀柄； 气封***包括设置于铝水套、 轴承座外套以及机体上 的通槽； 水冷***包括设置于气缸、 铝水套、 轴承座外套以 及机体的冷却水孔。  The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle is characterized in that it comprises: a body with an inner cavity, a rotating shaft system disposed in the body, an aluminum water jacket, a broach system, a gas sealing system, a water cooling system and a driving motor; the rotating shaft system includes a shaft core a bearing housing, a first bearing, a second bearing and a bearing housing mounted in the bearing housing; the broach system includes a cylinder, a piston, a drawbar, a claw assembly and a shank; the shaft core is axially disposed inside the body In the cavity, the first bearing and the second bearing are disposed at opposite ends of the axial core along the extending direction of the axial core, and the bearing housing is sleeved outside the bearing seat and abuts on the body; the cylinder is connected to the bearing housing through the aluminum water jacket The piston is disposed in the cylinder, and one end of the piston is disposed in the aluminum water jacket and can be reciprocated back and forth with respect to the aluminum water jacket under the driving of the cylinder; the handle is exposed outside the machine body; Inside the shaft core and one end is disposed in the aluminum water jacket and opposite to the piston; the claw assembly is disposed at one end of the rod away from the piston for clamping the shank; the gas sealing system includes A through-slot provided on the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing, and the body; the water cooling system includes cooling water holes disposed in the cylinder, the aluminum water jacket, the bearing housing, and the body.
权利要求 1所述的高速雕铣电主轴， 其特征在于： 气缸、 铝 水套以及轴承座外套的外径相同， 且机体与气缸、 铝水套以 及轴承座外套的总长度之比为 1 :1。  The high-speed engraving and milling electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the cylinder, the aluminum water jacket and the bearing housing are the same, and the ratio of the total length of the body to the cylinder, the aluminum water jacket and the bearing housing is 1: 1.
权利要求 1所述的高速雕铣电主轴， 其特征在于： 驱动电机 为四级三相异步电机。  The high speed engraving and milling electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein the driving motor is a four-stage three-phase asynchronous motor.
权利要求 1所述的高速雕铣电主轴， 其特征在于： 活塞设计  The high speed engraving and milling electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the piston design
PCT/CN2014/079282 2013-12-31 2014-06-05 High-speed engraving and milling electric spindle WO2015100942A1 (en)

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