WO2015099106A1 - 低温液化ガスの吸入・吐出用弁体、往復式ポンプ、及び燃料ガス供給装置 - Google Patents
低温液化ガスの吸入・吐出用弁体、往復式ポンプ、及び燃料ガス供給装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015099106A1 WO2015099106A1 PCT/JP2014/084472 JP2014084472W WO2015099106A1 WO 2015099106 A1 WO2015099106 A1 WO 2015099106A1 JP 2014084472 W JP2014084472 W JP 2014084472W WO 2015099106 A1 WO2015099106 A1 WO 2015099106A1
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- discharge
- fluid
- suction
- valve
- discharge valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
- F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
- F02M21/0212—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene comprising at least 3 C-Atoms, e.g. liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], propane or butane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
- F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/46—Valves
- F02M59/462—Delivery valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/46—Valves
- F02M59/464—Inlet valves of the check valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
- F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
- F04B2015/081—Liquefied gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid suction / discharge valve body used when a low-temperature liquefied gas fluid is sucked into a cylinder liner and discharged using a piston, a reciprocating pump using the valve body, and the reciprocating pump
- the present invention relates to a fuel gas supply apparatus using the.
- the high-pressure gas injection type low-speed two-cycle diesel engine is a high thermal efficiency and high output engine among diesel engines, and is particularly required to be applied to ships and the like.
- a gas fuel supply device such as a natural gas that is applied to a ship's main engine, generator drive engine, etc., and the pressure of the liquefied gas of the fuel is increased by using a reciprocating pump that can be easily placed in a gas hazardous area.
- An apparatus is known (Patent Document 1).
- a reciprocating pump that boosts and discharges liquefied gas introduced by driving by a hydraulic motor to a desired pressure, and a variable displacement hydraulic pump that is driven by an electric motor, supplies hydraulic pressure for driving to the hydraulic motor.
- a control unit for maintaining That is, in the hydraulic pump unit located outside the gas danger zone, the drive hydraulic pressure is supplied from the variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor to the hydraulic motor located in the gas danger zone, and this hydraulic pressure is used.
- the reciprocating pump is driven to increase the pressure of the liquefied gas to a desired pressure and discharge it.
- a piston pump for a low-temperature liquid designed for high operating pressure is also known (Patent Document 2).
- the valve head has an outlet opening and a cavity corresponding to the piston tip, and the discharge valve is disposed adjacent to the outlet opening so as to enter the cylinder head.
- the tip is configured to penetrate the cavity region when the piston pump stroke is maximum.
- the piston tip is then shaped to fit snugly into the valve head cavity and, at maximum piston stroke, completely penetrates the area of the cavity so that the cold medium is always mechanically in each piston pump stroke, Completely excluded from the valve head.
- the discharge valve is also arranged to enter the sealed pressure tube directly adjacent to the outlet opening of the valve head so that there is no cavity in the pump working chamber where the cold medium can remain, The dysfunction due to the residue is greatly reduced.
- the liquefied gas suction efficiency and the discharge efficiency (volumetric efficiency) of the reciprocating pump In order to increase the suction efficiency and the discharge efficiency (volumetric efficiency) of the reciprocating pump, the pressure difference at the start of the valve operation between the two spaces separated by the suction valve and the discharge valve (discharge valve) (hereinafter referred to as this pressure) The difference may also be referred to as the differential pressure) to reduce the vaporization of the liquid fuel.
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose the configuration of the reciprocating pump used.
- the piston tip portion is shaped so as to fit closely to the cavity of the valve head, so that the cold medium is always completely separated from the valve head in each piston pump stroke. To be eliminated.
- a drain valve is also positioned to enter the sealed pressure tube directly adjacent to the outlet opening of the valve head. Therefore, no medium remains and no residual pressure is generated.
- the above-described piston pump intends to improve the discharge of the medium, but does not disclose a means for improving the volumetric efficiency during the suction and discharge of the medium.
- the piston moves backward so that the intake valve opens and the pressure in the piston side space decreases, so the pressure in the piston side space (working pressure) and the intake when starting the operation of the intake valve
- the differential pressure with respect to the pressure in the side space is preferably small in that it suppresses the vaporization of the medium that is the liquefied gas in the piston side space.
- the present invention provides a reciprocating system in order to increase the liquid fuel suction efficiency (volumetric efficiency) in the piston-side space of the reciprocating pump or to increase the liquid fuel discharge efficiency (volumetric efficiency) of the reciprocating pump.
- a low-temperature liquefied gas suction / discharge valve body, a reciprocating pump which can reduce the pressure difference between the two spaces separating the suction valve or the discharge valve of the pump at the start of the operation of the suction valve or the discharge valve; And it aims at providing a fuel gas supply device.
- the low-temperature liquefied gas suction / discharge valve element includes the following aspects.
- the fluid supply section includes a supply path connected to a supply pipe, a partition wall provided at an end of the supply path and having a plurality of suction holes facing the suction valve, and around the plurality of suction holes.
- a recess provided in the partition so as to surround the countersink, wherein the suction valve is configured to come into contact with an edge of the recess when the suction valve presses against the fluid supply unit.
- Inlet / discharge valve body characterized by
- the valve seat body is provided with a suction spring that pushes the suction valve toward the fluid supply part, and a suction spring holding member that holds the suction spring, and the suction spring holding member is The suction / discharge valve body according to aspect 1 or 2, which is fixed to the valve seat main body.
- the valve seat body is provided with a discharge spring that pushes the discharge valve toward the fluid discharge portion, and a discharge spring holding member that holds the discharge spring, and the discharge spring holding member is 4.
- the suction / discharge valve body according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, which is fixed to the valve seat body.
- the discharge valve is arranged so as to close the discharge hole by coming into contact with a peripheral wall of the discharge hole for discharging the fluid provided in the fluid discharge part,
- the part where the discharge valve receives the pressure of the fluid from the side of the discharge hole has a pressure receiving recess that is recessed with a step with respect to the part of the discharge valve that contacts the peripheral wall of the discharge hole.
- the suction / discharge valve body according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the recess is provided in a region wider than the outer periphery of the discharge hole.
- the discharge valve has a cylindrical shape that is defined by the piston and the cylinder liner and closes a discharge hole that is connected to an inner space of the cylinder liner that is filled with the fluid.
- a discharge spring that connects the outside and inside spaces of the tube, guides the discharged fluid from the outside of the cylindrical shape to the inside space when the discharge hole is opened, and further pushes the discharge valve toward the fluid discharge portion
- the intake / discharge valve body according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein a holding member through hole is provided for guiding a part of the discharged fluid outside the cylindrical shape into the discharge hole.
- a fluid suction / discharge valve body used when a low-temperature liquefied gas fluid is sucked into a cylinder liner and discharged using a piston A fluid supply portion configured to supply the fluid; a valve seat body portion including a fluid discharge portion configured to discharge the fluid; A suction valve pressed toward the fluid supply part of the valve seat body part; A discharge valve pressed toward the fluid discharge part of the valve seat main body part, The discharge valve is arranged so as to close the discharge hole by coming into contact with a peripheral wall of the discharge hole for discharging the fluid provided in the fluid discharge part,
- the part where the discharge valve receives the pressure of the fluid from the side of the discharge hole has a pressure receiving recess that is recessed with a step with respect to the part of the discharge valve that contacts the peripheral wall of the discharge hole.
- a suction / discharge valve body, wherein the recess is provided in a region wider than the outer periphery of the discharge hole.
- a reciprocating pump that draws a fluid of low-temperature liquefied gas into a cylinder liner and discharges it using a piston,
- a main body having a cylinder liner inner space defined by the piston and the cylinder liner, the piston liner and the cylinder liner;
- the suction / discharge valve body according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, which is in contact with the main body portion;
- the cylinder liner and the suction / discharge valve body are brought into contact with each other so that the inner space of the cylinder liner faces the partition wall of the fluid supply section and the fluid discharge section faces,
- a cylinder including a recess that is assembled in the order of the suction / discharge valve body, and a supply through-hole for supplying the fluid to the wall of the recess;
- a cylinder cover having a discharge through-hole for discharging the discharged fluid, while pressing and fixing the suction / discharge valve body in the direction of the recess in the opening of the recess of the cylinder;
- the reciprocating pump according to aspect 9 or 10 wherein the liquid fuel is sucked from the tank and discharged at a constant pressure;
- the suction valve or discharge valve between the two spaces separating the suction valve or discharge valve of the reciprocating pump The pressure difference at the start of operation can be reduced. Thereby, the suction efficiency or discharge efficiency (volumetric efficiency) of the liquid fuel in the piston side space of the reciprocating pump can be increased.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel gas supply device of the present embodiment to which the low temperature liquefied gas suction / discharge valve body and the reciprocating pump of the present embodiment are applied. It is an external perspective view of a reciprocating pump using the suction / discharge valve body of the present embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the reciprocating pump shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing when the valve body for suction / discharge of this embodiment is integrated in a cylinder. It is a figure explaining the suction hole and suction valve of the valve body for suction / discharge of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the suction hole and suction valve of the valve body for suction / discharge of this embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel gas supply apparatus 10 of the present embodiment to which the low temperature liquefied gas suction / discharge valve body and the reciprocating pump of the present embodiment are applied.
- the fuel gas supply device 10 is a device that injects fuel gas obtained by vaporizing liquid fuel (low-temperature liquefied gas fluid) into the combustion chamber of the gas combustion engine 28 at a high pressure.
- the gas combustion engine 28 of the present embodiment is a diesel engine mounted on a ship, and for example, a two-stroke cycle low-speed diesel engine can be used.
- the fuel gas supply apparatus 10 includes a hydraulic oil storage tank 12, a hydraulic pump 14, a hydraulic motor 16, a liquid fuel tank 18, a reciprocating pump 20, a vaporizer 22, and a pressure regulating valve. 24.
- the fuel gas supply device 10 includes a hydraulic pipe 15, a low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19, a high-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 21, and a gas fuel supply pipe 26. All these components of the fuel gas supply device 10 are mounted on a ship.
- the hydraulic oil storage tank 12 stores hydraulic oil for supplying hydraulic pressure that drives the hydraulic motor 16.
- the liquid fuel tank 18 stores liquid fuel before the fuel gas supplied to the gas combustion engine 28 is vaporized.
- liquid fuel liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or the like can be used.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- the liquid fuel tank 18 is connected to a low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19 and supplies liquid fuel to the reciprocating pump 20 through the low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19.
- the reciprocating pump 20 has an inlet side connected to the low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19 and an outlet side connected to the high-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 21.
- the reciprocating pump 20 boosts the liquid fuel sucked from the liquid fuel tank 18 through the low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19 to a constant pressure, and discharges it to the vaporizer 22 through the high-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 21.
- the piston reciprocates as will be described later.
- the hydraulic motor 16 is a power source that drives the reciprocating pump 20.
- the rotational motion of the hydraulic motor 16 can be converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston of the reciprocating pump 20 using a crank (not shown).
- the hydraulic motor 16 is driven by the hydraulic pressure supplied through the hydraulic pipe 15 after boosting the hydraulic oil sucked from the hydraulic oil storage tank 12 by the hydraulic pump 14.
- oil and water-soluble hydraulic oil can be used.
- the water-soluble hydraulic oil is a hydraulic oil containing water as a main component, and includes, for example, an O / W emulsion, a W / O emulsion, and a polyglycol solution.
- the hydraulic motor 16 driven by hydraulic pressure is used, but an electric motor may be used instead of the hydraulic oil storage tank 12, the hydraulic pump 14, and the hydraulic motor 16.
- an electric motor may be used instead of the hydraulic oil storage tank 12, the hydraulic pump 14, and the hydraulic motor 16.
- the power source of the reciprocating pump 20 may be a known one, and is not particularly limited.
- the vaporizer 22 has an inlet side connected to the high-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 21 and an outlet side connected to the gas fuel supply pipe 26.
- the vaporizer 22 heats and vaporizes the pressurized liquid fuel supplied via the high-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 21, and uses the liquid fuel as a gas.
- a heat source for heating the liquid fuel for example, combustion heat of boil-off gas generated in the liquid fuel tank 18 can be used.
- the liquid fuel may be heated by heat exchange with warm water heated by the combustion heat of boil-off gas.
- the fuel gas supply pipe 26 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 24, one end of which is connected to the vaporizer 22 and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber of the gas combustion engine 28.
- the fuel gas vaporized from the liquid fuel is regulated to a pressure within a predetermined range (for example, 150 to 300 bar) by the pressure regulating valve 24, and then supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas combustion engine 28 via the gas fuel supply pipe 26.
- a predetermined range for example, 150 to 300 bar
- hydraulic valves relievef valves, check valves, flow control valves, etc. for adjusting hydraulic pressure, liquid fuel, gas supply amount and pressure are used as appropriate.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the reciprocating pump 20.
- the reciprocating pump 20 is connected to the low-pressure liquid fuel supply pipe 19 (see FIG. 1) through the liquid fuel supply port 202 provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder 201, and the liquid fuel is sucked into the cylinder liner space of the reciprocating pump 20.
- the liquid fuel is pushed by the piston 206 to become a high pressure, and is discharged from one end of the reciprocating pump 20 through a discharge valve described later.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reciprocating pump 20.
- the reciprocating pump 20 includes, as main members, a cylinder 201, a cylinder liner 204, a piston 206, a suction / discharge valve body 208, a top cover 210, and a flange 212.
- the piston 206 and the cylinder liner 204 form a main body.
- the main body has a cylinder liner inner space defined by the piston 206 and the cylinder liner 204.
- the piston 206 is connected to a mechanism (not shown) such as a camshaft mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the hydraulic motor 16 into reciprocating motion.
- the cylinder 201 has a cylindrical shape, includes a recess 203, and makes the cylinder liner 204, the suction / discharge valve body 208 abut, and the cylinder liner 204, the suction / discharge valve body 208, and the top cover 210 in this order. It is configured to be incorporated in the recess 203.
- the wall of the recess 203 that is, the cylindrical side wall of the cylinder 201 is provided with a supply through-hole 214 for supplying liquid fuel.
- the cylinder liner 204 and the suction / discharge valve body 208 are in contact with each other so that the inner space of the cylinder faces a fluid supply portion and a fluid discharge portion described later.
- the top cover 210 fixes itself to the opening of the recess of the cylinder 201 while pressing the suction / discharge valve body 208 in the direction of the recess 203.
- the top cover 210 includes a discharge through hole 216 for discharging the discharged liquid fuel.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 is provided with a screw hole that engages with a bolt on the side in contact with the top cover 210.
- the top cover 210 is provided with a through hole. A bolt passes through the through hole and is screwed into a screw hole provided in the suction / discharge valve body 208, whereby the top cover 210 is provided with a suction / discharge valve.
- the body 208 is pressed and fixed in the direction in the recess 203.
- the top cover 210 is screwed into a screw hole provided in the opening of the recess 203 of the cylinder 201 through a through hole of the top cover 210 from a top of the top cover 210 with a bolt (not shown). It is fixed to the opening of the recess 203.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 is an integral structure and is incorporated as a unit in the cylinder 201, when the reciprocating pump 20 is repaired, the suction / discharge valve body 208 is 1 It is possible to replace them as one unit.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 (see FIG. 3) has a rotating body shape, and has a portion with a reduced diameter at an intermediate portion of the rotating body shape in the rotation axis direction. In this portion, a plurality of liquid fuel supply ports 218 for guiding the liquid fuel supplied through the supply through holes 214 provided in the cylinder 201 to the space in the cylinder in the cylinder liner 204 are provided on the outer periphery.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when the suction / discharge valve body 208 is incorporated into the cylinder 201, and is an enlarged view of the region A shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating the suction hole and the suction valve of the suction / discharge valve body 208.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a state where the discharge valve of the suction / discharge valve body 208 is opened and the discharge hole is opened.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 includes a valve seat body 220, a suction valve 222, a suction spring 224, a suction spring holding member 226, a discharge valve 228, and a discharge valve. It mainly includes a spring 230, a discharge spring holding member 232, and a discharge portion liner 234.
- the valve seat main body 220 includes a fluid supply part 240 (see FIG. 4) for supplying fluid and a fluid discharge part 242 (see FIG. 4) for discharging fluid.
- the fluid supply unit 240 includes a supply path 244 that extends from the liquid fuel supply port 218 and is opened in the valve seat main body 220, and a plurality of intake ports 246 that are provided at the end of the supply path 244 and face the intake valve 222. It includes a partition wall 248 formed, and a counterbore 250 (see FIG. 5) provided on the partition wall 248 so as to surround the plurality of suction ports 246.
- the suction port 246 is a port of the supply path 244.
- the counterbore 250 is a recess, and is configured such that when the suction valve 222 presses against the partition wall 248 of the fluid supply unit 240, the suction valve 222 contacts the edge of the recess of the partition wall 248. .
- the counterbore 250 (see FIG. 5) is a stepped recess having a bottom that is recessed with respect to the surface of the partition wall 248 around the inlet 246.
- the counterbore 250 is provided so that the edge of the recess comes into contact with the suction valve 222.
- the edge of a recessed part says the edge surrounding a recessed part. In the example shown in FIG.
- the fluid discharge unit 242 includes a partition wall 248 and a discharge hole 252 provided in the partition wall 248.
- One counterbore 250 is provided so as to surround all of the suction ports 246 provided in the partition wall 248, so that the area where the suction valve 222 receives pressure from the side of the suction port 246 is widened, as will be described later. This is preferable.
- the suction valve 222 is a disk-shaped plate material that is dimensioned to close the suction port 246 and has a hole in the middle.
- the suction valve 222 is in contact with the suction spring 224.
- the suction spring 224 is held by a suction spring holding member 226.
- the suction spring holding member 226 is fixed to the valve seat main body 220. Accordingly, the suction spring 224 pushes the suction valve 222 toward the fluid supply unit 240, and the suction valve 222 is moved toward the fluid supply unit 240 by the suction spring 224, specifically, the partition wall 248 of the fluid supply unit 240. Press.
- the suction spring holding member 226 is preferably fixed to the valve seat main body 220 in that the suction valve 222 can be incorporated into the valve seat main body 220 and integrated.
- a single stepped recess is formed as a counterbore 250 so as to surround the plurality of suction ports 246.
- the suction port 246 is provided concentrically in the example shown in FIG. 5, the counterbore 250 is provided around the suction port 246 in a concentric circle shape.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the pressure and force acting on the intake valve 222.
- the pressure in the suction sides of the suction valve 222 and P 1 the area of the suction valve 222 which receives the pressure P 1 and S 1, the piston-side pressure (a cylinder liner space) P 2 (the cylinder liner space 227 ( residual pressure including) and 7 refer), when the area of the suction valve 222 which receives the pressure P 2 and S 2, and the force suction spring 224 presses the suction valve 222 and F 2, the intake valve 222
- the operating pressure P 2 at this time is (S 1 / S 2 ) ⁇ P 1 -F 2 / S 2 .
- the pressure difference P 1 ⁇ P 2 is (S 2 ⁇ S 1 ) / S 2 ⁇ P 1 + F 2 / S 2 . Therefore, by approaching the area S 1 of the intake valve 222 to the area S 2, it is possible to reduce the pressure difference. That is, when the piston 206 is retracted to lower the pressure in the cylinder liner in the space 227, by approximating the area S 1 to the area S 2, the suction valve 222 is opened while the pressure difference is small, the liquid fuel cylinder It flows into the inner space 227. Therefore, the liquid fuel suction efficiency of the reciprocating pump 20 can be improved. Furthermore, since the liquid fuel is a low-temperature liquefied gas, it is preferable to reduce the differential pressure because it is possible to suppress a part of the liquid fuel from being vaporized under a reduced pressure in the piston-side space.
- the discharge valve 228 has a cylindrical shape with one end closed. As shown in FIG. 4, the discharge valve 228 is provided with a plurality of discharge valve through-holes 229 that connect the cylindrical outer and inner spaces. The discharge valve 228 is disposed so as to close the discharge hole 252 by contacting the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 that discharges liquid fuel (when the discharge hole 252 is closed). When the discharge hole 252 is opened, the discharge valve through-hole 229 is retracted away from the discharge hole 252, and the discharged liquid fuel is guided from the cylindrical outer side of the discharge valve 228 to the inner space. It functions to flow through the discharge hole 233 provided in the discharge spring holding member 232.
- the discharge spring holding member 232 has a cylindrical shape, and the discharge spring 230 is arranged on the outer periphery of the cylindrical shape, and one end of the cylindrical shape has a flange shape.
- the discharge spring holding member 232 includes a discharge hole 233 (see FIG. 7) serving as a discharge path along the central axis of the cylinder.
- the discharge spring 230 is held by the discharge spring holding member 232.
- One end of the discharge spring 230 is in contact with the discharge valve 228.
- the discharge spring holding member 232 is fixed to the valve seat main body 220 with a bolt or the like (not shown).
- the discharge spring 230 pushes the discharge valve 228 toward the fluid discharge portion 242, and the discharge valve 228 moves toward the fluid discharge portion 242, specifically, the partition wall 248 (discharge hole of the fluid discharge portion 242). 252 against the wall of the peripheral edge of 252.
- the discharge portion liner 234 is provided along the wall surface of the concave portion of the valve seat body portion 220. The discharge portion liner 234 is configured so that the discharge valve 228 moves along the inner wall of the discharge portion liner 234.
- the discharge valve 228 has a cylindrical shape that closes a discharge hole 252 that is connected to a cylinder liner inner space 227 (see FIG. 7) that is defined by the piston 206 and the cylinder liner 204 and is filled with liquid fuel. The closed end is closed by pressing the discharge valve 228.
- the discharge valve 228 opens the discharge hole 252.
- the discharge hole 252 is opened, as shown in FIG. 7, the discharged liquid fuel is guided through the through hole 229 from the outside of the cylindrical shape to the inner space, and further discharged as a discharge path of the discharge spring holding member 232. It flows into the hole 233. As shown in FIG.
- a holding member through hole 238 that connects the discharge hole 233 that is a discharge path inside the cylindrical shape and an external space is provided on the cylindrical side wall of the discharge spring holding member 232. It is preferable.
- the discharge valve 228 opens the discharge hole 252
- the holding member through hole 238 discharges a part of the discharged liquid fuel outside the cylindrical shape of the discharge spring holding member 232 through the holding member through hole 238. Lead in.
- the end of the discharge valve 228 opposite to the partition wall 248 is in contact with the end of the discharge spring holding member 232.
- the movement of the liquid fuel exerts a damper effect against the rapid movement of the discharge valve 228, so that the rapid movement of the discharge valve 228 can be suppressed, and the discharge valve 228 and the discharge spring
- the impact at the time of contact of the holding member 232 can be reduced.
- four holding member through holes 238 are provided on the circumference of the wall surface of the discharge hole 233, but the number of holding member through holes 238 is not limited.
- such a discharge valve 228 is disposed so as to close the discharge hole 252 by abutting against the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 for discharging the liquid fuel.
- the portion where the discharge valve 228 receives the pressure of the liquid fuel from the discharge hole 252 side is recessed with a step with respect to the portion of the discharge valve 228 that contacts the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 as shown in FIG. It has a pressure receiving recess 228a.
- the pressure receiving recess 228 a is provided in a region wider than the outer periphery of the discharge hole 252.
- the area of the portion where the pressure receiving recess 228 a receives the pressure of the liquid fuel from the discharge hole 252 side is wider than the hole area of the discharge hole 252. For this reason, the discharge efficiency of the liquid fuel in the reciprocating pump 20 can be improved.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the pressure and force acting on the suction valve 228.
- the pressure of the liquid fuel on the discharge hole 252 side is P 3
- the area of the discharge valve 228 that receives the pressure P 3 is S 3
- the pressure on the discharge valve 228 side is P 4
- the operating pressure P 3 at this time is (S 4 / S 3 ) ⁇ P 4 + F 4 / S 3 .
- the pressure difference P 3 -P 4 at the start of the operation of the discharge valve 228 is (S 4 -S 3 ) / S 3 ⁇ P 4 + F 4 / S 3 . Therefore, by approaching the area S 3 of the discharge valve 228 to the area S 4, it is possible to reduce the pressure difference. That is, when the piston 206 is advanced to boost the pressure in the cylinder liner in the space 227, by approximating the area S 3 in the area S 4, the discharge valve 228 is opened while the pressure difference is small, the liquid fuel discharge It flows into the valve 28 side. Therefore, the discharge efficiency of the liquid fuel of the reciprocating pump 20 can be improved.
- the discharge valve 228 abuts against the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 as described above when closing the discharge hole 252.
- the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 that contacts the discharge valve 228 has a higher Vickers hardness than the valve seat main body 220 located outside the peripheral wall.
- a hardness member 256 is used. Due to the high hardness member 256, the life of the valve seat body 220 is extended.
- a stellite material obtained by melting stellite powder by laser irradiation (laser cladding) is used for example.
- the counterbore 250 is provided so as to surround the plurality of suction ports 246 provided in the partition wall 248.
- the suction valve 222 is not in contact with the opening edge of the suction port 246 but in contact with the edge of the counterbore 250, and therefore, the suction valve 222 between the cylinder liner inner space 227 for starting the operation of the suction valve 222 and the discharge side space.
- the pressure difference at the start of operation can be reduced.
- the liquid fuel suction efficiency can be increased.
- the discharge valve 228 is in contact with a peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252 that discharges the liquid fuel provided in the fluid discharge part 242 (the peripheral part is a part of the discharge valve 228 surrounding the discharge hole 252).
- the portion where the discharge valve 228 is arranged to close the discharge hole 252 and the discharge valve 228 receives the pressure of the liquid fuel from the discharge hole 252 side has a step with respect to the portion of the discharge valve 228 that contacts the peripheral wall of the discharge hole 252.
- a recessed pressure receiving recess 228a is provided.
- the pressure receiving recess 228 a is provided in a region wider than the outer periphery of the discharge hole 252. For this reason, the pressure difference at the start of the operation of the discharge valve 228 can be reduced. As a result, the liquid fuel discharge efficiency can be increased.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 is an integral structure that integrally includes the suction valve 222 and the discharge valve 228, and is incorporated as a unit in the cylinder 201, so that the reciprocating pump 20 is repaired.
- the suction / discharge valve body 208 can be integrally replaced as a single unit. For this reason, repair of reciprocating pump 20 can be performed quickly.
- a holding member through hole 238 that connects a discharge hole 233 that is a discharge path inside the cylinder and an external space is provided on the cylindrical side wall of the discharge spring holding member 232. Therefore, a part of the liquid fuel outside the cylindrical shape of the discharge spring holding member 232 can be guided into the discharge path through the holding member through hole 238 through the holding member through hole 238. By the movement of the liquid fuel, a damper effect against a sudden movement of the discharge valve 228 is exhibited, and the impact when the discharge valve 228 and the discharge spring holding member 232 come into contact can be reduced.
- the valve can operate with high accuracy. A simple valve configuration can be realized. Further, since the mechanism of the suction valve 222 and the discharge valve 228 is integrated with the valve seat main body 220, when the suction operation or the discharge operation of the reciprocating pump 20 is malfunctioning, the suction / discharge valve body from the cylinder 201 is used. By taking out 208, it is possible to easily identify which part of the mechanism of the suction valve 222 and the discharge valve 228 is defective.
- a suction valve, a discharge valve, and a valve seat main body are attached to parts around the valve seat main body. Therefore, when the reciprocating pump is assembled, the suction valve, the discharge valve, and the valve seat main body are assembled. Since it is determined for the first time, it has been difficult to specify which part has a defect only by taking out the valve seat body.
- the intake / discharge valve body 208 in which the mechanisms of the intake valve 222 and the discharge valve 228 are integrated with the valve seat body 220 of the present embodiment is excellent.
- the low-temperature liquefied gas suction / discharge valve body, the reciprocating pump, and the fuel gas supply device of the present invention have been described in detail.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Of course, various improvements and changes may be made in the range.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、上述のガス燃料供給装置(特許文献1)では、用いる往復式ポンプの構成は開示されていない。また、上述のピストンポンプ(特許文献2)の場合、ピストン先端部は、バルブヘッドの空洞にぴったり合うように形作られるので、低温媒体は、各ピストンポンプ行程で機械的に常に、バルブヘッドから完全に排除される。排出弁もまた、バルブヘッドの出口開口部に直接隣接して、密閉された圧力管に入り込むように配置されている。このため媒体の残留はなく、残留圧力は生じない。このように、上述のピストンポンプでは、媒体の排出の向上を意図しているが、媒体の吸入及び吐出時の容積効率を向上させる手段は開示されていない。液化ガスである媒体の吸入時、吸入弁が開くようにピストンが後退してピストン側空間の圧力が低くなるため、吸入弁の動作を開始させるときのピストン側空間の圧力(作動圧力)と吸入側空間の圧力との差圧は、ピストン側空間内の液化ガスである媒体が気化することを抑制する点で小さいことが好ましい。
(態様1)
低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させるときに用いる流体の吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記流体供給部は、供給管と接続された供給経路と、前記供給経路の端に設けられ、前記吸入弁に面する複数の吸入孔が形成された隔壁と、前記複数の吸入孔の周りを囲むように前記隔壁に設けられた凹部であって、前記吸入弁が流体供給部に対して押圧するとき、前記吸入弁が前記凹部の縁と当接するように構成された座ぐりと、を備えることを特徴とする吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記座ぐりは、前記隔壁に設けられた吸入孔すべてを囲むように1つ設けられている、態様1に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記弁座本体部には、前記吸入弁を前記流体供給部に向かって押す吸入用ばねと、前記吸入用ばねを保持する吸入用ばね保持部材と、が設けられ、前記吸入用ばね保持部材は、前記弁座本体部に固定されている、態様1または2に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記弁座本体部には、前記吐出弁を前記流体排出部に向かって押す吐出用ばねと、前記吐出用ばねを保持する吐出用ばね保持部材と、が設けられ、前記吐出用ばね保持部材は、前記弁座本体部に固定されている、態様1~3のいずれか1つに記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、態様1~4のいずれか1つに記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記吐出弁は、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されて前記流体が満たされるシリンダライナ内空間と接続する吐出孔を塞ぐ、一端が閉塞した筒形状であり、前記吐出弁には、前記筒形状の外側と内側の空間を接続し、前記吐出孔の開放時、吐出した流体を前記筒形状の外側から内側の空間に導き、さらに、前記吐出弁を前記流体排出部に向かって押す吐出用ばねを保持する筒形状の吐出用ばね保持部材に設けられた排出孔に流すための吐出弁貫通孔が設けられ、
前記吐出用ばね保持部材の筒形状の側壁には、当該筒形状の内部の前記排出孔と外部の空間とを接続し、前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔を開放したとき、前記吐出用ばね保持部材の筒形状の外側にある吐出した流体の一部を前記排出孔内に導く保持部材貫通孔が設けられている、態様1~5のいずれか1つに記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
前記吐出弁は、前記吐出孔を塞ぐとき、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接し、
前記吐出孔の前記周縁部の壁は、前記弁座本体部の、前記周縁部の壁の外側に位置する部分に比べてビッカース硬度が高い高硬度部材で構成されている、態様6に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させるときに用いる流体の吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、ことを特徴とする吸入・吐出用弁体。
低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させる往復式ポンプであって、
前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナを備え、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されたシリンダライナ内空間を有する本体部と、
前記本体部に当接した、態様1~8のいずれか1つに記載の吸入・吐出用弁体と、
前記シリンダライナ内空間と前記流体供給部の隔壁が面し、かつ、前記流体排出部が面するように、前記シリンダライナと前記吸入・吐出用弁体を当接させて、前記シリンダライナ及び前記吸入・吐出用弁体の順番に組み込む凹部を備え、当該凹部の壁に前記流体を供給するための供給用貫通孔を備えるシリンダと、
前記シリンダの前記凹部の開口部に、前記吸入・吐出用弁体を前記凹部内の方向に押圧して固定するとともに、吐出した流体を排出するための排出用貫通孔を備えるシリンダカバーと、を有することを特徴とする往復式ポンプ。
前記吸入・吐出用弁体は、一体的に交換可能な一体構造物である、態様9に記載の往復式ポンプ。
低温液化ガスである液体燃料を貯留するタンクと、
前記タンクから前記液体燃料を吸入して一定の圧力で排出する、態様9または10に記載の往復式ポンプと、
排出した前記液体燃料を気化させてガスとする気化装置と、
前記ガスをガス燃焼エンジンに供給するガス供給管と、を備える、ことを特徴とする燃料ガス供給装置。
図1は、本実施形態の低温液化ガスの吸入・吐出用弁体及び往復式ポンプを適用した本実施形態の燃料ガス供給装置10の概略の構成図である。
燃料ガス供給装置10のこれらの構成要素は全て船舶に搭載される。
作動油貯留タンク12は、油圧モータ16を駆動させる油圧を供給するための作動油を貯留する。
液体燃料タンク18は、ガス燃焼エンジン28に供給される燃料ガスが気化される前の液体燃料を貯留する。液体燃料として、液化天然ガス(LNG)、液化石油ガス(LPG)等を用いることができる。液体燃料タンク18は、低圧液体燃料供給管19と接続されており、低圧液体燃料供給管19を介して液体燃料を往復式ポンプ20に供給する。
油圧モータ16は、作動油貯留タンク12から吸入した作動油を油圧ポンプ14で昇圧した後油圧管15を通して供給した油圧により駆動される。本実施形態の作動油としては、油や水溶性作動油を用いることができる。水溶性作動油は、主成分として水を含む作動油であり、例えば、O/Wエマルション、W/Oエマルション、ポリグリコール溶液を含む。
本実施形態では、油圧により駆動される油圧モータ16を用いるが、作動油貯留タンク12、油圧ポンプ14、及び油圧モータ16に代えて電動機を用いることもできる。危険区域において電動機を用いる場合、防爆処理が施されることが好ましい。このように、往復式ポンプ20の動力源は、公知のものであれば良く、特に制限されない。
燃料ガス供給管26には、調圧弁24が設けられており、一端が気化装置22と、他端がガス燃焼エンジン28の燃焼室と接続されている。液体燃料が気化した燃料ガスは、調圧弁24により所定の範囲の圧力(例えば、150~300bar)に調圧された後、ガス燃料供給管26を介してガス燃焼エンジン28の燃焼室に供給される。
図1には示されていないが、油圧や液体燃料やガスの供給量や圧力を調整するための油圧バルブ(リリーフ弁、チェック弁、流量制御弁等)が適宜用いられる。
図2は、往復式ポンプ20の外観斜視図である。往復式ポンプ20は、シリンダ201の外周に設けられた液体燃料供給口202を通して低圧液体燃料供給管19(図1参照)と接続され、液体燃料が往復式ポンプ20のシリンダライナ空間内に吸入される。液体燃料は、ピストン206で押されて高圧となり、後述する吐出弁を通して往復式ポンプ20の一端から吐出される。
往復式ポンプ20は、主な部材として、シリンダ201と、シリンダライナ204と、ピストン206と、吸入・吐出用弁体208と、トップカバー210と、フランジ212と、を含む。
ピストン206は、油圧モータ16の回転運動を往復運動に変換する図示されない機構、例えばカムシャフト機構に接続されている。
シリンダ201は、筒形状であり、凹部203を備え、シリンダライナ204と吸入・吐出用弁体208を当接させて、シリンダライナ204、吸入・吐出用弁体208、及びトップカバー210の順番に凹部203内に組み込むように構成されている。凹部203の壁、すなわちシリンダ201の筒形状の側壁には、液体燃料を供給するための供給用貫通孔214を備える。シリンダライナ204と吸入・吐出用弁体208とは、シリンダ内空間と、後述する流体供給部及び流体排出部とが面するように、当接される。
このように、吸入・吐出用弁体208は、一体構造物であって、シリンダ201に1つのユニットとして組み込まれるので、往復式ポンプ20の補修をするとき、吸入・吐出用弁体208は1つのユニットとして一体的に交換することが可能となっている。
吸入・吐出用弁体208(図3参照)は、回転体形状で、回転体形状の回転軸方向の中間部分において直径が細くなった部分を有する。この部分には、シリンダ201に設けられた供給用貫通孔214を通して供給された液体燃料をシリンダライナ204内のシリンダ内空間に導くための液体燃料供給口218が外周上に複数設けられている。
流体供給部240は、液体燃料供給口218から延びる、弁座本体部220内にあけられた供給経路244と、供給経路244の端に設けられ、吸入弁222に面する複数の吸入口246が形成された隔壁248と、複数の吸入口246の周りを囲むように隔壁248に設けられた座ぐり250(図5参照)と、を含む。吸入口246は、供給経路244の口である。座ぐり250は、凹部であって、吸入弁222が流体供給部240の隔壁248に対して押圧するとき、吸入弁222が隔壁248の前記凹部の縁と当接するように構成されたものである。座ぐり250(図5参照)は、吸入口246の周りに、隔壁248の表面に対して段差をもって凹んだ底部を有する、段状の凹部である。この凹部の縁が吸入弁222と当接するように座ぐり250は設けられている。凹部の縁は、凹部を囲む縁をいう。図5に示す例では、複数の吸入口246が同心円状に設けられ、吐出孔252が、吸入口246の同心円状の配置の内側に設けられている。
流体排出部242は、隔壁248と隔壁248に設けられた吐出孔252を含む。
座ぐり250は、隔壁248に設けられた吸入口246すべてを囲むように1つ設けられていることが、後述するように、吸入弁222が吸入口246の側から圧力を受ける面積を広くする点で好ましい。
なお、吸入用ばね保持部材226は、弁座本体部220に固定されていることが、吸入弁222を弁座本体部220に組み込んで一体化できる点で好ましい。
このように座ぐり250を設けることにより、往復式ポンプ20のシリンダライナ側空間227(図7参照)と吸入側空間である供給経路244との間の、吸入弁222の作動開始時の圧力差を小さくすることができ、これにより液体燃料の吸入を効率よく行うことができる。
したがって、吸入弁222の面積S1を面積S2に近づけることにより、圧力差を小さくすることができる。すなわち、ピストン206が後退してシリンダライナ内空間227の圧力を低くするとき、面積S1を面積S2に近づけることにより、上記差圧が小さい状態で吸入弁222が開いて、液体燃料がシリンダ内空間227に流入する。したがって、往復式ポンプ20の液体燃料の吸入効率を向上させることができる。さらに、液体燃料は、低温液化ガスであるので、差圧を小さくすることは、ピストン側空間内の減圧下、液体燃料の一部が気化することを抑制できる点で好ましい。
吐出用ばね保持部材232は、筒形状を成し、筒形状の外周に吐出用ばね230を配し、筒形状の一端がフラジ形状を成している。吐出用ばね保持部材232は、筒形状の中心軸に沿って排出経路となる排出孔233(図7参照)を筒形状の内部に備える。上記フランジ形状の部分が吐出用ばね230を支持することにより、吐出用ばね230は、吐出用ばね保持部材232に保持される。吐出用ばね230の一方の端は、吐出弁228と接触している。吐出用ばね保持部材232は、弁座本体部220に図示されないボルト等により固定されている。これにより、吐出用ばね230は、吐出弁228を流体排出部242に向かって押し、吐出弁228は、流体排出部242に向かって、具体的には、流体排出部242の隔壁248(吐出孔252の周縁部の壁)に対して押圧する。
吐出部ライナ234は、弁座本体部220の凹部の壁面に沿って設けられている。吐出弁228は吐出部ライナ234の内壁に沿って移動するように、吐出部ライナ234は構成されている。
吐出用ばね保持部材232の筒形状の側壁には、図7に示すように、この筒形状の内部の吐出経路である排出孔233と外部の空間とを接続する保持部材貫通孔238が設けられていることが好ましい。保持部材貫通孔238は、吐出弁228が吐出孔252を開放したとき、吐出用ばね保持部材232の筒形状の外側にある吐出した液体燃料の一部を、保持部材貫通孔238を通して排出孔233内に導く。このとき、吐出弁228の隔壁248の側と反対側の端は、吐出用ばね保持部材232の端と当接する。しかし、この当接時、上記液体燃料の移動により、吐出弁228の急激な移動に対するダンパー効果が発揮するので、吐出弁228の急激な移動を抑制することができ、吐出弁228と吐出用ばね保持部材232の当接時の衝撃を和らげることができる。図7に示す例では、排出孔233の壁面の周上に4箇所、保持部材貫通孔238が設けられているが、保持部材貫通孔238の数は制限されない。
したがって、吐出弁228の面積S3を面積S4に近づけることにより、圧力差を小さくすることができる。すなわち、ピストン206が前進してシリンダライナ内空間227の圧力を昇圧するとき、面積S3を面積S4に近づけることにより、上記差圧が小さい状態で吐出弁228が開いて、液体燃料が吐出弁28の側に流入する。したがって、往復式ポンプ20の液体燃料の吐出効率を向上させることができる。
また、吐出弁228は、流体排出部242に設けられた液体燃料を吐出する吐出孔252の周縁部の壁(周縁部は吐出孔252を囲む吐出弁228の部分である)と当接することにより吐出孔252を塞ぐように配され、吐出弁228が吐出孔252の側から液体燃料の圧力を受ける部分は、吐出孔252の周縁部の壁に当接する吐出弁228の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部228aを有する。この受圧凹部228aは、吐出孔252の外周より広い領域に設けられている。このため、吐出弁228の動作開始時の圧力差を小さくできる。この結果、液体燃料の吐出効率を高めることができる。
14 油圧ポンプ 15 油圧管
16 油圧モータ 18 液体燃料タンク
19 低圧液体燃料供給管 20 往復式ポンプ
21 高圧液体燃料供給管 22 気化装置
24 調圧弁 26 ガス燃料供給管
28 ガス燃焼エンジン 201 シリンダ
202 液体燃料供給口 204 シリンダライナ
206 ピストン 208 吸入・吐出用弁体
210 トップカバー 212 フランジ
214 供給用貫通孔 216 排出用貫通孔
218 液体燃料供給口 220 弁座本体部
222 吸入弁 224 吸入用ばね
226 吸入用ばね保持部材 227 シリンダライナ内空間
228 吐出弁 228a 受圧凹部
229 吐出弁貫通孔 230 吐出用ばね
232 吐出用ばね保持部材 233 排出孔
234 吐出部ライナ 238 保持部材貫通孔
240 流体供給部 242 流体排出部
244 供給経路 246 吸入口
248 隔壁 250 座ぐり
252 吐出孔 256 高硬度部材
Claims (15)
- 低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させるときに用いる流体の吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記流体供給部は、供給管と接続された供給経路と、前記供給経路の端に設けられ、前記吸入弁に面する複数の吸入孔が形成された隔壁と、前記複数の吸入孔の周りを囲むように前記隔壁に設けられた凹部であって、前記吸入弁が流体供給部に対して押圧するとき、前記吸入弁が前記凹部の縁と当接するように構成された座ぐりと、を備えることを特徴とする吸入・吐出用弁体。 - 前記座ぐりは、前記隔壁に設けられた吸入孔すべてを囲むように1つ設けられている、請求項1に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
- 前記弁座本体部には、前記吸入弁を前記流体供給部に向かって押す吸入用ばねと、前記吸入用ばねを保持する吸入用ばね保持部材と、が設けられ、前記吸入用ばね保持部材は、前記弁座本体部に固定されている、請求項1または2に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
- 前記弁座本体部には、前記吐出弁を前記流体排出部に向かって押す吐出用ばねと、前記吐出用ばねを保持する吐出用ばね保持部材と、が設けられ、前記吐出用ばね保持部材は、前記弁座本体部に固定されている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。
- 前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。 - 前記吐出弁は、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されて前記流体が満たされるシリンダライナ内空間と接続する吐出孔を塞ぐ、一端が閉塞した筒形状であり、前記吐出弁には、前記筒形状の外側と内側の空間を接続し、前記吐出孔の開放時、吐出した流体を前記筒形状の外側から内側の空間に導き、さらに、前記吐出弁を前記流体排出部に向かって押す吐出用ばねを保持する筒形状の吐出用ばね保持部材に設けられた排出孔に流すための吐出弁貫通孔が設けられ、
前記吐出用ばね保持部材の筒形状の側壁には、当該筒形状の内部の前記排出孔と外部の空間とを接続し、前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔を開放したとき、前記吐出用ばね保持部材の筒形状の外側にある吐出した流体の一部を前記排出孔内に導く保持部材貫通孔が設けられている、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。 - 前記吐出弁は、前記吐出孔を塞ぐとき、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接し、
前記吐出孔の前記周縁部の壁は、前記弁座本体部の、前記周縁部の壁の外側に位置する部分に比べてビッカース硬度が高い高硬度部材で構成されている、請求項6に記載の吸入・吐出用弁体。 - 低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させるときに用いる流体の吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、ことを特徴とする吸入・吐出用弁体。 - 低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させる往復式ポンプであって、
前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナを備え、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されたシリンダライナ内空間を有する本体部と、
前記本体部に当接した吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記流体供給部は、供給管と接続された供給経路と、前記供給経路の端に設けられ、前記吸入弁に面する複数の吸入孔が形成された隔壁と、前記複数の吸入孔の周りを囲むように前記隔壁に設けられた凹部であって、前記吸入弁が流体供給部に対して押圧するとき、前記吸入弁が前記凹部の縁と当接するように構成された座ぐりと、を備える吸入・吐出用弁体と、
前記シリンダライナ内空間と前記流体供給部の隔壁が面し、かつ、前記流体排出部が面するように、前記シリンダライナと前記吸入・吐出用弁体を当接させて、前記シリンダライナ及び前記吸入・吐出用弁体の順番に組み込む凹部を備え、当該凹部の壁に前記流体を供給するための供給用貫通孔を備えるシリンダと、
前記シリンダの前記凹部の開口部に、前記吸入・吐出用弁体を前記凹部内の方向に押圧して固定するとともに、吐出した流体を排出するための排出用貫通孔を備えるシリンダカバーと、を有することを特徴とする往復式ポンプ。 - 前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、請求項9に記載の往復式ポンプ。 - 前記吸入・吐出用弁体は、一体的に交換可能な一体構造物である、請求項9または10に記載の往復式ポンプ。
- 低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させる往復式ポンプであって、
前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナを備え、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されたシリンダライナ内空間を有する本体部と、
前記本体部に当接した吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、吸入・吐出用弁体と、
前記シリンダライナ内空間と前記流体供給部の隔壁が面し、かつ、前記流体排出部が面するように、前記シリンダライナと前記吸入・吐出用弁体を当接させて、前記シリンダライナ及び前記吸入・吐出用弁体の順番に組み込む凹部を備え、当該凹部の壁に前記流体を供給するための供給用貫通孔を備えるシリンダと、
前記シリンダの前記凹部の開口部に、前記吸入・吐出用弁体を前記凹部内の方向に押圧して固定するとともに、吐出した流体を排出するための排出用貫通孔を備えるシリンダカバーと、を有することを特徴とする往復式ポンプ。 - 前記吸入・吐出用弁体は、一体的に交換可能な一体構造物である、請求項12に記載の往復式ポンプ。
- 低温液化ガスである液体燃料を貯留するタンクと、
前記タンクから前記液体燃料を吸入して一定の圧力で排出する往復式ポンプと、
排出した前記液体燃料を気化させてガスとする気化装置と、
前記ガスをガス燃焼エンジンに供給するガス供給管と、を備え、
前記往復式ポンプは、低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させる往復式ポンプであって、
前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナを備え、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されたシリンダライナ内空間を有する本体部と、
前記本体部に当接した吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記流体供給部は、供給管と接続された供給経路と、前記供給経路の端に設けられ、前記吸入弁に面する複数の吸入孔が形成された隔壁と、前記複数の吸入孔の周りを囲むように前記隔壁に設けられた凹部であって、前記吸入弁が流体供給部に対して押圧するとき、前記吸入弁が前記凹部の縁と当接するように構成された座ぐりと、を備える吸入・吐出用弁体と、
前記シリンダライナ内空間と前記流体供給部の隔壁が面し、かつ、前記流体排出部が面するように、前記シリンダライナと前記吸入・吐出用弁体を当接させて、前記シリンダライナ及び前記吸入・吐出用弁体の順番に組み込む凹部を備え、当該凹部の壁に前記流体を供給するための供給用貫通孔を備えるシリンダと、
前記シリンダの前記凹部の開口部に、前記吸入・吐出用弁体を前記凹部内の方向に押圧して固定するとともに、吐出した流体を排出するための排出用貫通孔を備えるシリンダカバーと、を有する往復式ポンプである、ことを特徴とする燃料ガス供給装置。 - 低温液化ガスである液体燃料を貯留するタンクと、
前記タンクから前記液体燃料を吸入して一定の圧力で排出する往復式ポンプと、
排出した前記液体燃料を気化させてガスとする気化装置と、
前記ガスをガス燃焼エンジンに供給するガス供給管と、を備え、
前記往復式ポンプは、低温液化ガスの流体をシリンダライナ内に吸入してピストンを用いて吐出させる往復式ポンプであって、
前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナを備え、前記ピストンと前記シリンダライナにより画されたシリンダライナ内空間を有する本体部と、
前記本体部に当接した吸入・吐出用弁体であって、
前記流体を供給するように構成された流体供給部と、流体を排出するように構成された流体排出部を含む弁座本体部と、
前記弁座本体部の流体供給部に向かって押圧された吸入弁と、
前記弁座本体部の流体排出部に向かって押圧された吐出弁と、を有し、
前記吐出弁は、前記流体排出部に設けられた前記流体を吐出する吐出孔の周縁部の壁と当接することにより前記吐出孔を塞ぐように配され、
前記吐出弁が前記吐出孔の側から前記流体の圧力を受ける部分は、前記吐出孔の周縁部の壁に当接する前記吐出弁の部分に対して段差をもって凹んだ受圧凹部を有し、前記受圧凹部は、前記吐出孔の外周より広い領域に設けられている、吸入・吐出用弁体と、
前記シリンダライナ内空間と前記流体供給部の隔壁が面し、かつ、前記流体排出部が面するように、前記シリンダライナと前記吸入・吐出用弁体を当接させて、前記シリンダライナ及び前記吸入・吐出用弁体の順番に組み込む凹部を備え、当該凹部の壁に前記流体を供給するための供給用貫通孔を備えるシリンダと、
前記シリンダの前記凹部の開口部に、前記吸入・吐出用弁体を前記凹部内の方向に押圧して固定するとともに、吐出した流体を排出するための排出用貫通孔を備えるシリンダカバーと、を有する往復式ポンプである、ことを特徴とする燃料ガス供給装置。
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CN201480003694.2A CN104884799B (zh) | 2013-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | 低温液化气体的吸入和排出用阀体、往复式泵、以及燃料气体供给装置 |
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US20150369228A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
JP2015124670A (ja) | 2015-07-06 |
JP5519857B1 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
US9719500B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
KR101577674B1 (ko) | 2015-12-15 |
KR20150088300A (ko) | 2015-07-31 |
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CN104884799A (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
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