WO2015089689A1 - Micrometer for inner and outer diameter detection - Google Patents
Micrometer for inner and outer diameter detection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015089689A1 WO2015089689A1 PCT/CN2013/001641 CN2013001641W WO2015089689A1 WO 2015089689 A1 WO2015089689 A1 WO 2015089689A1 CN 2013001641 W CN2013001641 W CN 2013001641W WO 2015089689 A1 WO2015089689 A1 WO 2015089689A1
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- Prior art keywords
- measuring
- micrometer
- rod
- outer diameter
- measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/18—Micrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
Definitions
- This invention relates to a micrometer in the field of mechanical manufacturing measurement, and more particularly to a bidirectional detecting micrometer having both the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
- the measurement tools and measurement methods used for different types of workpieces are also different.
- the conventional measurement of the inner diameter and the outer diameter has a vernier caliper.
- Micrometers, inner diameter dial gauges, etc. and it is very troublesome to check the inner bore with the inner diameter dial gauge and then check the outer diameter micrometer.
- groove vernier calipers, thread micrometers, gear common normal micrometers, wall thickness micrometers, and various digital micrometers appear according to the shape of the workpiece. All micrometer gauges can only meet the inspection inner diameter size or outside when testing the workpiece size.
- the detection function of the diameter dimension in one direction cannot simultaneously detect the size of both the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
- the ordinary vernier caliper has the function of simultaneously measuring both the inner diameter and the outer diameter, especially the double-sided vernier caliper, the measurement accuracy of these common measuring tools is not ideal, and the error caused by the actual measurement results is large, especially as the detection link of product quality.
- the requirements for precision measuring tools are particularly important.
- the limit micrometer of the combination of two rods arranged side by side is generally used. It is only the inspection of the outer circle size of the shaft parts. The inner hole size cannot be measured or tested.
- the detection of the inner diameter of the workpiece is performed by means of a dedicated inner diameter micrometer or inner diameter dial gauge or inner diameter plug gauge.
- a dedicated inner diameter micrometer or inner diameter dial gauge or inner diameter plug gauge There is currently no micrometer on the market that has the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
- the inventor applied for the "inner diameter detecting micrometer" of the application number 2011103228533 in cooperation with the Weifang Institute of Technology in 2011. 11.12 although the limit size of the inner diameter of the workpiece is detected by two parallel micrometers, but in use There are limitations on the size of the workpiece, and the structural coordination of the transmission parts is not precise enough. The resulting transmission error and measurement function range are not ideal, especially the detection of the outer diameter size is impossible.
- the present invention provides a new two-way detection micrometer which can simultaneously realize the functions of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter in both directions.
- the technical solution adopted by the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention to solve the above problems is as follows: three measuring rods and measuring heads for measuring the inner and outer diameter directions are arranged on the ruler, and the middle fixed measuring rod is located in the middle of the measuring axis of the ruler, and the fixed measuring There are two moving measuring rods with double scale values of inner and outer diameters on the left and right sides of the rod.
- the measuring axes of the moving rods on the left and right sides are consistent with the measuring axis of the fixed rod in the middle, and the center position of the fixed rod is fixed in the opposite direction.
- the linear displacement is used to display the measured value;
- the fixed probe and the moving probe are round-head type, including the ball-head type or the elliptical head type;
- the contact between the probe of the fixed measuring rod and the measuring head of the moving measuring rod includes Spherical and spherical, spherical and conical, tapered and tapered, plane and line, plane and plane, 60° convex and 60° concave, 55° convex and 55° concave, line-to-line contact;
- the shape includes an elbow type or a straight rod type;
- the elbow shape of the left and right side of the measuring rod further includes a U-shaped elbow shape that can detect the groove in the inner hole; and the movement manner of the moving rod on the left and right sides Including linear displacement or rotational displacement;
- the fixing method of the fixed measuring rod includes integral or detachable; the assembly plane when the fixed measuring rod is detachable is parallel to the axis plane of the left and right straight rod type moving measuring rods and the measuring
- the invention achieves the beneficial effects of providing a new type of multi-purpose precision measuring tool for mechanical manufacturing processing measurement and detection, and solving the problem of synchronous detection of inner diameter and outer diameter size by using a micrometer, especially in detecting workpieces.
- the extreme dimensional tolerance is more flexible, convenient, fast and accurate, which makes the micrometer's transmission principle, structure, material and detection function to be excellent, and realizes the function of one foot.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the main body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob A-A;
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer B-B;
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional detection micrometer is a transmission shaft
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bidirectional detecting micrometer support sleeve
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-way detection micrometer round head screw
- Figure 8 is a front view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder
- Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob
- Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection under the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection on the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing deviation detection under the limit size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection of the outer diameter limit dimension of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Figure 17 and Figure 18 are schematic diagrams showing the detection of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the same workpiece by the bidirectional detection micrometer;
- Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the bidirectional detection micrometer detection tube wall;
- Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the square groove, circular groove, inner hole and outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
- Fig. 21 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the digital display micrometer of the bidirectional detecting micrometer.
- Figure 1 - Figure 21 Ruler 1, fixed rod 11, fixed rod probe 12, heat shield 13, heat shield fixing screw 14, digital micrometer adjustment reset button 15, digital micrometer digital display 16 , lock the screw handle 17; move the probe 2 to the right, move the probe 21 to the right, move the inner diameter of the pole to the right by 22, move the outer diameter of the pole to the right by 23, move the spindle to the left 24, and move the probe to the left Probe 25, left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26, left shift rod outer diameter scale value 27, plug block 28, process hole 29, moving rod internal thread 210, arc groove straight wall surface 211, circular groove a spherical surface 212; a support sleeve 3, a ball head positioning screw threaded hole 31, and a support sleeve and a ruler body engaging the cylindrical surface 32, Support sleeve groove 33; differential cylinder 4, calibration adjustment hole 41, right differential cylinder scale value 42, differential cylinder scale value reference line 43, left differential cylinder scale value 44, left differential cylinder 45, differential cylinder positioning screw hole 46, Differential
- a fixed measuring rod 11 is disposed at an intermediate position on the ruler 1, and a fixed measuring with a round head is provided at the foremost end of the fixed measuring rod 11.
- the locking screw handle 17 is used for locking the scale when determining the limit size value or
- the right-moving probe head 21 on the right-moving spindle 2 is used in conjunction with the fixed-rod probe 12 on the intermediate fixed spindle 11 or on the left-moving spindle 24, after the detection process is locked;
- the left movement rod probe 25 is used in combination; similarly, the right movement rod inner diameter scale value 22 and the right movement rod outer diameter scale value 23 are the right movement rod probe 21 and the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or left.
- the head 25 is used in conjunction with the measured value; the left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26 and the left moving rod outer diameter scale value 27 are also used in conjunction with the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or the right right moving rod probe 21
- the measured value; the plug block 28 and the process hole 29 on the moving rod 2 are mainly processing techniques for processing the internal thread 210 of the measuring rod; moving the arc groove straight wall surface 211 and the circular groove on the measuring rod 2
- the spherical surface 212 cooperates with the ball head positioning screw cylindrical surface 81 and the ball head positioning screw spherical surface 82 on the ball head positioning screw 8 to control the error of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the moving spindle 2;
- a ball head positioning screw screw hole 31 is provided for connecting the ball head positioning screw 8;
- the ruler matching cylindrical surface 32 on the support sleeve 3 is mainly used for controlling the connection relationship between the support sleeve 3 and the ruler 1;
- the groove 33 is used for positioning connection with the differential cylinder 4; when
- the force of the adjustment knob threaded hole 52 is also used for mounting the positioning steel ball, the spring and the screw; the adjusting knob and the round head screw are matched with the thread 53 for mounting the round head screw 6; the elastic force of the ratchet rod 54 by the spring 55 is at the adjusting knob 5
- the upper inner ratchet 51 functions to control the force of the adjustment knob 5 on the workpiece by the elastic force of the spring; the screw 71 on the transmission shaft 7 is used to connect the moving rod 2
- the transmission, the ratchet rod mounting hole 72 and the transmission shaft adjustment knob positioning groove 73 and the oil reservoir 74 are mainly used for lubricating and regulating the inner ratchet 51 on the adjustment knob 5.
- the main structural features and transmission relationship of the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention are: a set of new transmission mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the ruler body (see Fig. 2-10), and the biggest difference from the traditional micrometer is that the left and right measuring rods are also relying on The traditional screw rotation connection transmission, but the transmission reflected on the measuring rod is to make the measuring rod linearly displaced rather than the rotational displacement, so that the measuring heads on the left and the right sides can be bent to detect the inner hole of the workpiece; due to its linear displacement
- the speciality and the ingenious design of the probe make the invention have the function of two-way detection of the inner and outer diameters, thus creating a new type of measuring tool and detection method.
- the two sides of the fixed probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are respectively opposite to the outer ends of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides. Verify the conventional micrometer or special inner diameter calibration gauge and calibrate the dimensions on both sides to the 25mm position. When verifying the reference size, align the moving rods on both sides from the middle to the sides to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads. . Then, the detection dimensions of the two sets of probes on the left and right sides are set to two limit sizes to be detected, such as 34.00 mm on the right side and 34.05 mm on the left side, and then the locking screw handle 17 is locked.
- the left side of the fixed probe head 12 and the right side of the fixed rod probe 21 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece to detect the inner diameter of the workpiece.
- the minimum size of the dimension Dmin (34.00mm) Figure 11
- the two probes are placed in the inner hole to be tested, it means that the actual size of the inner hole has met the minimum value of the limit size Dmin (34.00mm); It does not mean that the maximum size limit Dmax (34.05mm) of the inner hole size at this time meets the requirements; at this time, the inner hole should be detected by setting the maximum limit size Dmax (34.05mm) of the left set just set.
- the right side of the fixed probe 12 and the left side of the left touch probe 25 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece (as shown in Fig. 12). If the two probes are also placed in the inner hole to be detected, the inside is indicated. The actual size of the hole has exceeded the maximum limit Dmax (34.05mm) ; if the two probes cannot be placed in the inner hole to be tested, the inner diameter limit of the tested workpiece has met the tolerance requirements.
- the same method for detecting the outer diameter limit of the workpiece is the same as the method for detecting the inner diameter limit.
- the difference is the opposite direction, for example, the outer diameter limit.
- the two sides of the fixed rod probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are firstly checked with the inner side of the round heads of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides, and the conventional micrometer standard sample rod or other measuring block is verified and simultaneously detected. After the three probes are in contact, the outer diameter scale values on the left and right moving rods are at 0 mm.
- the moving rods on both sides are calibrated from the outward to the middle to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads.
- the minimum limit size Dmin (9.00mm) and the maximum limit value Dmax (9.05mm) of the two sets of probes are opposite to the inner diameter limit size detection direction in the comparison direction with the workpiece to be tested.
- the measurement method of combining the left and right probes may be employed, that is, moving the left and right sides of the probe head 25 to the right of the probe head 21 To contact the inner wall of the inner hole of the workpiece, the measuring rod is fixed at a certain position before the measurement, and the calibration and measuring work is completed with the measuring rod on the other side.
- the verification method is equivalent to the above inner diameter detecting and verifying method, and the measured value is Calculated by the displacement of both sides combined with the diameter of the probe in the middle.
- the measured workpiece can be quickly measured by a fixed length method or test.
- Two-way detection micrometer to measure the wall thickness of the pipe
- the wall thickness of the workpiece is 5 mm
- the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe part needs to be measured or inspected, it can also be detected by combining the fixed probe head in the middle with the probe head on both sides. .
- This feature can directly replace the existing pipe wall micrometer.
- the length, width and height of non-cylindrical workpieces can be measured and verified within a certain range.
- Two-way detection micrometer for narrow groove and circular groove and inner and outer diameter measurement see Figure 20, due to the special nature of the bidirectional detection micrometer probe, it cannot be measured in the existing universal outer diameter micrometer.
- the bidirectional detecting micrometer can detect the surface to be tested of the workpiece in the axial direction D2 of the workpiece and the radial circumferential direction d2, and the real implementation is realized.
- the bidirectional detecting micrometer includes a "bidirectional digital display detecting micrometer" with digital display function, and the sensor structure and display principle and method thereof belong to the well-known technology in the field of digital display micrometer, without affecting the mechanical transmission structure or principle of the present invention.
- various digital display modes can be used, including a rotary displacement sensing display or a linear displacement sensing display mode.
- the use of any of the known digital display methods in the bidirectional detection micrometer of the present invention is within the scope of application of the present invention and is also within the scope of the present invention.
- novel two-way detection micrometer of the invention and the detection technology refer to the significant improvements made by the inventors of the prior art, and therefore, some of the previous expression methods are referred to and cited in the description of some of the structural names.
- the aim is to facilitate the expression and full presentation of the core variations of the invention. Similar improvements made in accordance with the transmission principles, structural features, and testing techniques of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
- the bidirectional detection micrometer of the invention has the function of detecting the inner diameter, the outer diameter, the square groove, the arc groove, the pipe wall, the limit tolerance and the like by the ingenious design, and the condition of the measurement function of the multi-type workpiece is satisfied.
- the company offers a new range of gauges for the field of mechanical manufacturing. This two-way inspection micrometer will contribute to the development of the machine building industry and the gauge manufacturing industry.
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Abstract
A micrometer for inner and outer diameter detection has a micrometer body (1) provided with three measurement rods (2, 11, 24) and measurement heads (12, 21, 25) capable of performing combined measurement of the inner and outer diameter of a workpiece, and the movable measurement rods are provided with scale values (22, 23, 26, 27) capable of displaying the inner and outer diameter. While measuring the inner and outer diameter of a workpiece, it is provided with functions such as detecting deviation tolerances of the inner and outer diameter.
Description
内、 外径检测千分尺 技术领域 Inner and outer diameter inspection micrometers
本发明涉及机械制造测量领域的一种千分尺， 尤其是同时具有检测内 径和外径两方向尺寸功能的双向检测千分尺。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a micrometer in the field of mechanical manufacturing measurement, and more particularly to a bidirectional detecting micrometer having both the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
背景技术 Background technique
在机械制造加工中， 由于各类加工件的多样性和特殊性，不同类型的 工件所采用的测量工具和测量方法也不相同，比如目前对内径和外径所采 用的常规测量量具有游标卡尺，千分尺、 内径百分表等，而用内径百分表 测量内孔之后再去以外径千分尺核对确实很麻烦，同时也存在多次转移校 对的误差。目前根据加工件的形状不同出现了沟槽游标卡尺、螺纹千分尺、 齿轮公法线千分尺、壁厚千分尺以及各类数显千分尺等，所有的千分尺量 具在检测工件尺寸时，只能满足检测内径尺寸或外径尺寸一个方向的检测 功能，不能同时具备检测内径和外径两个方向的尺寸的检测功能。虽然普 通游标卡尺具有同时测量内径和外径两方向的检测功能，尤其是双面游标 卡尺，但这些普通量具的测量精度不够理想，对测量实际结果产生的误差 较大， 尤其是作为产品质量的检测环节对精密量具的要求就显得特别重 要。 目前人们在检测极限公差尺寸时，普遍使用的是一种上下并排的两个 测杆组合的极限千分尺，也只是专用于轴类零件的外圆尺寸的检验，不能 对内孔尺寸进行测量或检验，一般对工件内径的检测还是依靠专用的内径 千分尺或内径百分表或内径塞规进行检测。目前市场上还没有一种千分尺 同时具有检测内径尺寸和外径尺寸的功能。本发明人在 2011. 11. 12与潍坊 科技学院合作申请的申请号为 2011103228533的 "一种内径检测千分尺"， 虽然也是通过两把并列的千分尺来实现对工件内径极限尺寸的检测，但在 使用上还存在受工件形状大小限制的局限性，在其传动零件的结构配合关 系上不够精密， 所产生的传动误差以及测量功能范围上面都还不够理想， 尤其是对外径尺寸的检测更是无法进行；目前市场上其他单方向测量的各 种专用量具在检测范围上也过于单调， 不够全面， 实用上不够经济，尤其 在检测工件极限尺寸公差时不够方便、快捷、准确，使用功能上存在一定 的局限性，没有将千分尺的传动原理、结构、材料及检测功能发挥应用到 最佳效果。
发明内容 In the mechanical manufacturing process, due to the diversity and particularity of various types of workpieces, the measurement tools and measurement methods used for different types of workpieces are also different. For example, the conventional measurement of the inner diameter and the outer diameter has a vernier caliper. Micrometers, inner diameter dial gauges, etc., and it is very troublesome to check the inner bore with the inner diameter dial gauge and then check the outer diameter micrometer. There are also errors in multiple transfer proofreading. At present, groove vernier calipers, thread micrometers, gear common normal micrometers, wall thickness micrometers, and various digital micrometers appear according to the shape of the workpiece. All micrometer gauges can only meet the inspection inner diameter size or outside when testing the workpiece size. The detection function of the diameter dimension in one direction cannot simultaneously detect the size of both the inner diameter and the outer diameter. Although the ordinary vernier caliper has the function of simultaneously measuring both the inner diameter and the outer diameter, especially the double-sided vernier caliper, the measurement accuracy of these common measuring tools is not ideal, and the error caused by the actual measurement results is large, especially as the detection link of product quality. The requirements for precision measuring tools are particularly important. At present, when people are testing the limit tolerance size, the limit micrometer of the combination of two rods arranged side by side is generally used. It is only the inspection of the outer circle size of the shaft parts. The inner hole size cannot be measured or tested. Generally, the detection of the inner diameter of the workpiece is performed by means of a dedicated inner diameter micrometer or inner diameter dial gauge or inner diameter plug gauge. There is currently no micrometer on the market that has the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter. The inventor applied for the "inner diameter detecting micrometer" of the application number 2011103228533 in cooperation with the Weifang Institute of Technology in 2011. 11.12, although the limit size of the inner diameter of the workpiece is detected by two parallel micrometers, but in use There are limitations on the size of the workpiece, and the structural coordination of the transmission parts is not precise enough. The resulting transmission error and measurement function range are not ideal, especially the detection of the outer diameter size is impossible. At present, other special measuring tools for single direction measurement on the market are too monotonous in the detection range, not comprehensive enough, and practically not economical, especially in detecting the limit dimensional tolerance of the workpiece, which is not convenient, fast, accurate, and has certain functions. Limitations, the micro-scale transmission principle, structure, materials and detection functions are not applied to the best results. Summary of the invention
为了解决上述千分尺原理应用、 材料应用及功能发挥不足的问题， 本 发明提供一种全新的可以同时实现检测内径和外径两方向尺寸功能的双 向检测千分尺。 In order to solve the above problems of the micrometer principle application, material application and function, the present invention provides a new two-way detection micrometer which can simultaneously realize the functions of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter in both directions.
本发明双向检测千分尺解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是： 在尺身 上设置了 3个内、外径方向测量的测杆和测头，其中间固定测杆位于尺身 测量轴线的中间，固定测杆左右两边有 2个带有内、外径双刻度值的移动 测杆， 左右两边的移动测杆的测量轴线与中间固定测杆的测量轴线一致， 并通过中间固定测杆中心位置向两边方向直线位移来显示测量值；固定测 杆和移动测杆的测头为圆头型，也包括球头型或椭圆头型；固定测杆的测 头与移动测杆的测头之间的接触包括球面与球面、球面与平面、锥面与锥 面、 平面与线、 平面与平面、 60° 凸面与 60° 凹面、 55° 凸面与 55° 凹 面、线与线的接触；左右两边移动测杆的形状包括弯头型或直杆型；左右 两边移动测杆的弯头型形状还包括可以检测内孔内沟槽的 U型弯头形状； 左右两边移动测杆的移动方式包括直线位移或旋转位移；固定测杆的固定 方式包括一体式或可拆卸式；固定测杆为可拆卸式时的装配平面与左右两 边直杆型移动测杆的轴线平面平行且与测头平面垂直；测量值显示方式包 括机械传动刻度显示或电子数显数字显示；测杆测头对内、外径方向测量 方式包括内径极限公差测量、外径极限公差测量、内径和外径尺寸的组合 测量、较大孔径测量、较大外径测量、沟槽测量、圆弧槽测量、壁厚测量， 检测范围包括极限公差尺寸以及常规尺寸。 The technical solution adopted by the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention to solve the above problems is as follows: three measuring rods and measuring heads for measuring the inner and outer diameter directions are arranged on the ruler, and the middle fixed measuring rod is located in the middle of the measuring axis of the ruler, and the fixed measuring There are two moving measuring rods with double scale values of inner and outer diameters on the left and right sides of the rod. The measuring axes of the moving rods on the left and right sides are consistent with the measuring axis of the fixed rod in the middle, and the center position of the fixed rod is fixed in the opposite direction. The linear displacement is used to display the measured value; the fixed probe and the moving probe are round-head type, including the ball-head type or the elliptical head type; the contact between the probe of the fixed measuring rod and the measuring head of the moving measuring rod includes Spherical and spherical, spherical and conical, tapered and tapered, plane and line, plane and plane, 60° convex and 60° concave, 55° convex and 55° concave, line-to-line contact; The shape includes an elbow type or a straight rod type; the elbow shape of the left and right side of the measuring rod further includes a U-shaped elbow shape that can detect the groove in the inner hole; and the movement manner of the moving rod on the left and right sides Including linear displacement or rotational displacement; the fixing method of the fixed measuring rod includes integral or detachable; the assembly plane when the fixed measuring rod is detachable is parallel to the axis plane of the left and right straight rod type moving measuring rods and the measuring head plane Vertical; the measured value display mode includes mechanical transmission scale display or electronic digital display; the measurement of the inner and outer diameter directions of the probe head includes inner diameter limit tolerance measurement, outer diameter limit tolerance measurement, and combined measurement of inner diameter and outer diameter size. Large aperture measurement, large outside diameter measurement, groove measurement, arc groove measurement, wall thickness measurement, detection range including extreme tolerance size and regular size.
本发明所达到的有益效果是：为机械制造加工测量检测提供了一种全 新的新型多用途精密量具，解决了利用一把千分尺就可以对内径、外径尺 寸同步检测的难题， 尤其在检测工件极限尺寸公差时更加灵活、 方便、快 捷，准确，使千分尺的传动原理、结构、材料及检测功能得到极佳的发挥， 并实现了一尺多用的功能。
附图说明 The invention achieves the beneficial effects of providing a new type of multi-purpose precision measuring tool for mechanical manufacturing processing measurement and detection, and solving the problem of synchronous detection of inner diameter and outer diameter size by using a micrometer, especially in detecting workpieces. The extreme dimensional tolerance is more flexible, convenient, fast and accurate, which makes the micrometer's transmission principle, structure, material and detection function to be excellent, and realizes the function of one foot. DRAWINGS
下面结合附图对本发明的结构特征以及附图名称进一步说明， 以便结 合具体实施例作清楚的描述。 The structural features of the present invention and the names of the drawings will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the accompanying drawings.
图 1为双向检测千分尺主体结构示意图； Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the main body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 2为双向检测千分尺主体局部剖视示意图； Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 3为双向检测千分尺调节旋钮 A-A的剖视图； Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob A-A;
图 4为双向检测千分尺 B-B的剖视图； Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer B-B;
图 5为双向检测千分尺是传动轴示意图； Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional detection micrometer is a transmission shaft;
图 6为双向检测千分尺支撑套筒结构示意图； Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bidirectional detecting micrometer support sleeve;
图 7为双向检测千分尺圆头螺钉示意图； Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-way detection micrometer round head screw;
图 8为双向检测千分尺微分筒主视图； Figure 8 is a front view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder;
图 9为双向检测千分尺微分筒剖视图； Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder;
图 10为双向检测千分尺调节旋钮剖视示意图； Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob;
图 11为双向检测千分尺内径极限尺寸下偏差检测示意图； Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection under the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 12为双向检测千分尺内径极限尺寸上偏差检测示意图； Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection on the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 13为双向检测千分尺外径极限尺寸下偏差检测示意图； Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing deviation detection under the limit size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 14为双向检测千分尺外径极限尺寸上偏差检测示意图； Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection of the outer diameter limit dimension of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 15为双向检测千分尺检测内径较大尺寸示意图； Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 16为双向检测千分尺检测外径较大尺寸示意图； Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer;
图 17、 图 18为双向检测千分尺对同一工件的内、 外径尺寸检测示意图； 图 19为双向检测千分尺检测管壁尺寸示意图； Figure 17 and Figure 18 are schematic diagrams showing the detection of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the same workpiece by the bidirectional detection micrometer; Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the bidirectional detection micrometer detection tube wall;
图 20为双向检测千分尺检测方形沟槽、圆弧沟槽、内孔、外径尺寸示意图； 图 21为双向检测千分尺的数显检测千分尺外观示意图。 Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the square groove, circular groove, inner hole and outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer; Fig. 21 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the digital display micrometer of the bidirectional detecting micrometer.
图 1-图 21中： 尺身 1， 固定测杆 11， 固定测杆测头 12， 隔热板 13， 隔 热板固定螺钉 14，数显千分尺调整复位键 15，数显千分尺数字显示屏 16, 锁紧螺杆手柄 17; 右移动测杆 2， 右移动测杆测头 21， 右移动测杆内径 刻度值 22， 右移动测杆外径刻度值 23， 左移动测杆 24， 左移动测杆测头 25， 左移动测杆内径刻度值 26， 左移动测杆外径刻度值 27， 塞块 28，工 艺孔 29， 移动测杆内螺纹 210， 圆弧沟槽直壁面 211， 圆弧沟槽球面 212; 支撑套筒 3， 球头定位螺钉螺孔 31， 支撑套筒与尺身配合圆柱表面 32，
支撑套筒沟槽 33 ; 微分筒 4, 校准调节孔 41， 右微分筒刻度值 42， 微分 筒刻度值基准线 43， 左微分筒刻度值 44， 左微分筒 45， 微分筒定位螺丝 孔 46， 微分筒刻度线 47; 调节旋钮 5， 内棘轮 51， 调节旋钮螺纹孔 52， 调节旋钮与圆头螺钉配合螺纹 53， 棘轮棒 54， 弹簧 55; 圆头螺钉 6; 传 动轴 7， 螺杆 71， 棘轮棒安装孔 72， 传动轴调节旋钮定位沟槽 73， 储油 槽 74; 球头定位螺钉 8， 球头定位螺钉圆柱表面 81， 球头定位螺钉球面 82。 Figure 1 - Figure 21: Ruler 1, fixed rod 11, fixed rod probe 12, heat shield 13, heat shield fixing screw 14, digital micrometer adjustment reset button 15, digital micrometer digital display 16 , lock the screw handle 17; move the probe 2 to the right, move the probe 21 to the right, move the inner diameter of the pole to the right by 22, move the outer diameter of the pole to the right by 23, move the spindle to the left 24, and move the probe to the left Probe 25, left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26, left shift rod outer diameter scale value 27, plug block 28, process hole 29, moving rod internal thread 210, arc groove straight wall surface 211, circular groove a spherical surface 212; a support sleeve 3, a ball head positioning screw threaded hole 31, and a support sleeve and a ruler body engaging the cylindrical surface 32, Support sleeve groove 33; differential cylinder 4, calibration adjustment hole 41, right differential cylinder scale value 42, differential cylinder scale value reference line 43, left differential cylinder scale value 44, left differential cylinder 45, differential cylinder positioning screw hole 46, Differential cylinder tick mark 47; adjustment knob 5, inner ratchet 51, adjustment knob threaded hole 52, adjustment knob and round head screw with thread 53, ratchet rod 54, spring 55; round head screw 6; drive shaft 7, screw 71, ratchet The rod mounting hole 72, the drive shaft adjusting knob positioning groove 73, the oil reservoir 74; the ball head positioning screw 8, the ball head positioning screw cylindrical surface 81, and the ball head positioning screw spherical surface 82.
下面结合上述附图名称及技术方案对本发明的具体实施应用方法作 详细说明。 The specific implementation method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the above-mentioned drawing names and technical solutions.
具体实施方式 detailed description
参见图 1-图 21， 本发明双向检测千分尺的结构连接关系和传动原 理如下： 尺身 1上的中间位置设有固定测杆 11， 固定测杆 11的最前端设 有带圆头的固定测杆测头 12， 尺身 1上的隔热板 13， 以便消除测量过程 的温差； 隔热板固定螺钉 14固定其隔热板； 数显千分尺调整复位键 15 与数显千分尺数字显示屏 16相配合使用， 专用于该发明双向数显检测千 分尺， 其数显结构原理属于公知技术， 在此说明书及附图中不再赘述；锁 紧螺杆手柄 17用于确定极限尺寸数值时锁住刻度所用或在检测过程之后 锁住被检测数值所用； 右移动测杆 2上的右移动测杆测头 21与中间固定 测杆 11上的固定测杆测头 12配合使用， 或与左移动测杆 24上的左移动 测杆测头 25配合使用； 同理，右移动测杆内径刻度值 22及右移动测杆外 径刻度值 23为右移动测杆测头 21与中间固定测杆测头 12或左移动测杆 测头 25配合使用测量的数值；左移动测杆内径刻度值 26及左移动测杆外 径刻度值 27也同理与中间的固定测杆测头 12或右边的右移动测杆测头 21配合使用测量的数值； 移动测杆 2上的塞块 28及工艺孔 29主要为移 动测杆内螺纹 210加工所预备的加工工艺；移动测杆 2上的圆弧沟槽直壁 面 211和圆弧沟槽球面 212与球头定位螺钉 8上的球头定位螺钉圆柱表面 81和球头定位螺钉球面 82相配合来对移动测杆 2在轴向位移和径向位移 的误差进行控制； 支撑套筒 3上设有球头定位螺钉螺孔 31， 用来连接球 头定位螺钉 8; 支撑套筒 3上的尺身配合圆柱表面 32主要用来控制支撑 套筒 3与尺身 1的连接关系； 支撑套筒沟槽 33用于与微分筒 4之间的定 位连接； 当该发明双向检测千分尺开始校对 0刻度时，如果有微量偏差可
以通过校准调节孔 41进行调节，并以右微分筒刻度值 42和微分筒刻度值 基准线 43为参考基准； 左微分筒刻度值 44和左微分筒 45在使用和检测 以及调试中与右微分筒刻度值 42及微分筒 4使用方法相同， 并在一定的 测量方法上与右微分筒刻度值 42及微分筒 4配合使用； 微分筒定位螺丝 孔 46用于安装定位钢珠、弹簧及螺丝钉所用；微分筒刻度线 47与微分筒 刻度值基准线 43配合使用及校对;调节旋钮 5上内棘轮 51与安装在传动 轴 7上的棘轮棒 54配合使用来控制调节旋钮 5对所要检测的工件所旋钮 的力度；调节旋钮螺纹孔 52也是用于安装定位钢珠、弹簧及螺丝钉所用； 调节旋钮与圆头螺钉配合螺纹 53用于安装圆头螺钉 6;棘轮棒 54靠弹簧 55作用的弹力在调节旋钮 5上的内棘轮 51上发挥作用， 以此弹簧的弹力 来控制调节旋钮 5对工件的测力； 传动轴 7上的螺杆 71用来对移动测杆 2的连接和传动，棘轮棒安装孔 72和传动轴调节旋钮定位沟槽 73以及储 油槽 74主要用于对调节旋钮 5上的内棘轮 51的润滑和调节作用。 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 21, the structural connection relationship and the transmission principle of the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the present invention are as follows: a fixed measuring rod 11 is disposed at an intermediate position on the ruler 1, and a fixed measuring with a round head is provided at the foremost end of the fixed measuring rod 11. Rod probe 12, heat shield 13 on the ruler 1 to eliminate the temperature difference during the measurement process; heat shield fixing screw 14 to fix its heat shield; digital micrometer adjustment reset button 15 and digital micrometer digital display 16 In combination with the invention, it is used exclusively for the two-way digital display micrometer of the invention, and its digital display structure is a well-known technology, which is not described in the specification and the drawings; the locking screw handle 17 is used for locking the scale when determining the limit size value or The right-moving probe head 21 on the right-moving spindle 2 is used in conjunction with the fixed-rod probe 12 on the intermediate fixed spindle 11 or on the left-moving spindle 24, after the detection process is locked; The left movement rod probe 25 is used in combination; similarly, the right movement rod inner diameter scale value 22 and the right movement rod outer diameter scale value 23 are the right movement rod probe 21 and the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or left. Mobile rod measurement The head 25 is used in conjunction with the measured value; the left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26 and the left moving rod outer diameter scale value 27 are also used in conjunction with the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or the right right moving rod probe 21 The measured value; the plug block 28 and the process hole 29 on the moving rod 2 are mainly processing techniques for processing the internal thread 210 of the measuring rod; moving the arc groove straight wall surface 211 and the circular groove on the measuring rod 2 The spherical surface 212 cooperates with the ball head positioning screw cylindrical surface 81 and the ball head positioning screw spherical surface 82 on the ball head positioning screw 8 to control the error of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the moving spindle 2; a ball head positioning screw screw hole 31 is provided for connecting the ball head positioning screw 8; the ruler matching cylindrical surface 32 on the support sleeve 3 is mainly used for controlling the connection relationship between the support sleeve 3 and the ruler 1; The groove 33 is used for positioning connection with the differential cylinder 4; when the invention two-way detection micrometer starts to calibrate the 0 scale, if there is a slight deviation Adjusted by the calibration adjustment hole 41, and referenced to the right differential cylinder scale value 42 and the differential cylinder scale value reference line 43; the left differential cylinder scale value 44 and the left differential cylinder 45 in use and detection and debugging and right differential The cylinder scale value 42 and the differential cylinder 4 are used in the same manner, and are used together with the right differential cylinder scale value 42 and the differential cylinder 4 in a certain measurement method; the differential cylinder positioning screw hole 46 is used for mounting the positioning steel ball, the spring and the screw; The differential cylinder tick mark 47 is used and collated with the differential cylinder scale value reference line 43; the inner ratchet 51 of the adjustment knob 5 is used in conjunction with the ratchet rod 54 mounted on the transmission shaft 7 to control the knob of the adjustment knob 5 for the workpiece to be detected. The force of the adjustment knob threaded hole 52 is also used for mounting the positioning steel ball, the spring and the screw; the adjusting knob and the round head screw are matched with the thread 53 for mounting the round head screw 6; the elastic force of the ratchet rod 54 by the spring 55 is at the adjusting knob 5 The upper inner ratchet 51 functions to control the force of the adjustment knob 5 on the workpiece by the elastic force of the spring; the screw 71 on the transmission shaft 7 is used to connect the moving rod 2 And the transmission, the ratchet rod mounting hole 72 and the transmission shaft adjustment knob positioning groove 73 and the oil reservoir 74 are mainly used for lubricating and regulating the inner ratchet 51 on the adjustment knob 5.
本发明双向检测千分尺主要的结构特征和传动关系是:尺身两边各设 置了一套新型传动机构（参见附图 2-10)，与传统千分尺最大的区别在于， 左右两边的测杆虽然也是靠传统的螺杆旋转连接传动，但反映到测杆上的 传动却是使测杆直线位移而不是旋转位移，因而使左右两边的测头可以作 弯型对工件的内孔进行检测；由于其直线位移的特殊性以及测头巧妙的设 计，因此该发明具备了对内径和外径双向检测的功能，从而诞生了一种新 型量具及检测工艺方法。 The main structural features and transmission relationship of the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention are: a set of new transmission mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the ruler body (see Fig. 2-10), and the biggest difference from the traditional micrometer is that the left and right measuring rods are also relying on The traditional screw rotation connection transmission, but the transmission reflected on the measuring rod is to make the measuring rod linearly displaced rather than the rotational displacement, so that the measuring heads on the left and the right sides can be bent to detect the inner hole of the workpiece; due to its linear displacement The speciality and the ingenious design of the probe make the invention have the function of two-way detection of the inner and outer diameters, thus creating a new type of measuring tool and detection method.
本发明双向检测千分尺检测种类及方法如下： The types and methods of the two-way detection micrometer detection of the present invention are as follows:
双向检测千分尺对内径极限尺寸的检测； Two-way detection of the micrometer to detect the inner diameter limit size;
参照图 11、 图 12， 如所测工件的内孔极限尺寸为 34 mm， 首先将 该双向检测千分尺中间的固定测杆测头 12的两边分别与左右两边的测头 25和 21的圆头外侧对常规千分尺或专用内径校验规进行校验，并将两边 的尺寸校准至 25mm位置， 校验基准尺寸时将两边的移动测杆由中间向 两边位移进行校准， 以便消除传动轴螺纹的间隙误差。然后将左右两边的 两组测头的检测尺寸设置成工件待检测的两个极限尺寸， 如右边为 34.00mm, 左边为 34.05mm， 然后将锁紧螺杆手柄 17锁紧。 当需要检测 内径极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (34.00mm)时， 将固定测杆测头 12的左边和 右移动测杆测头 21的右边对工件内壁进行接触， 以便检测工件的内径极
限尺寸最小值 Dmin (34.00mm) (如图 11 )， 如两测头放进了被检测的内 孔中，就说明内孔实际尺寸己满足了极限尺寸的最小值 Dmin (34.00mm); 但不代表此时的内孔尺寸的极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (34.05mm)符合要求； 此时须将刚才设置好的左边一组的极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (34.05mm)来对 该内孔进行检测，检测时将固定测杆测头 12的右边和左移动测杆测头 25 的左边对工件内壁进行接触（如图 12)， 如果两测头也放进了被检测的内 孔中， 就说明内孔实际尺寸已超出了极限尺寸最大值 Dmax ( 34.05mm) ; 如果两测头无法放进被检测的内孔中，则说明该被检测工件的内径极限尺 寸已符合公差要求。 Referring to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, if the inner hole limit size of the workpiece is 34 mm, firstly, the two sides of the fixed probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are respectively opposite to the outer ends of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides. Verify the conventional micrometer or special inner diameter calibration gauge and calibrate the dimensions on both sides to the 25mm position. When verifying the reference size, align the moving rods on both sides from the middle to the sides to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads. . Then, the detection dimensions of the two sets of probes on the left and right sides are set to two limit sizes to be detected, such as 34.00 mm on the right side and 34.05 mm on the left side, and then the locking screw handle 17 is locked. When it is necessary to detect the inner diameter limit size minimum value Dmin (34.00 mm), the left side of the fixed probe head 12 and the right side of the fixed rod probe 21 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece to detect the inner diameter of the workpiece. The minimum size of the dimension Dmin (34.00mm) (Figure 11), if the two probes are placed in the inner hole to be tested, it means that the actual size of the inner hole has met the minimum value of the limit size Dmin (34.00mm); It does not mean that the maximum size limit Dmax (34.05mm) of the inner hole size at this time meets the requirements; at this time, the inner hole should be detected by setting the maximum limit size Dmax (34.05mm) of the left set just set. During the detection, the right side of the fixed probe 12 and the left side of the left touch probe 25 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece (as shown in Fig. 12). If the two probes are also placed in the inner hole to be detected, the inside is indicated. The actual size of the hole has exceeded the maximum limit Dmax (34.05mm) ; if the two probes cannot be placed in the inner hole to be tested, the inner diameter limit of the tested workpiece has met the tolerance requirements.
双向检测千分尺对外径极限尺寸的检测； Two-way detection of the micrometer to detect the outer diameter limit size;
参见图 13和图 14， 如所测工件的外径极限尺寸为 9r5mm， 同理， 工件外径极限尺寸检测方法与内径极限尺寸检测方法相同，不同的是方向 相反， 比如，外径极限尺寸检测前首先将该双向检测千分尺中间的固定测 杆测头 12的两边分别与左右两边的测头 25和 21的圆头内侧对常规千分 尺标准样棒或其他量块进行校验，并同时检测三个测头相接触后左右两边 的移动测杆上的外径刻度值处于 0mm位置， 校验基准尺寸时将两边的移 动测杆由外向中间位移进行校准， 以便消除传动轴螺紋的间隙误差。外径 极限尺寸是否符合要求， 其两组测头的极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (9.00mm) 和极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (9.05mm)在与被测工件的比对方向上与内径极 限尺寸检测判断方向相反， 即： 当极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (9.00mm)的一 组测头划过了被测工件的外圆最大表面时，则该被测工件的外圆实际尺寸 小于极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (9.00mm) , 为超差工件； 如极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (9.00mm)的一组测头滑不过了被测工件的外圆最大表面时，则该被 测工件的外圆实际尺寸己符合极限尺寸最小值 Dmin (9.00mm)的要求， 但此时不代表该被测工件的极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (9.05mm)也符合要求， 因此须将另一组极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (9.05mm)测头对工件外圆进行检 测，如果此时两测头也滑不过被测工件的外圆最大表面时，则说明此工件 的实际尺寸已大于极限尺寸最大值 Dmax ( 9.05mm 只有当极限尺寸最 小值 Dmin ( 9.00mm)的一组测头滑不过了被测工件的外圆最大表面， 而 极限尺寸最大值 Dmax (9.05mm)的一组测头滑过了被测工件外圆最大表 面时，才说明工件的实际尺寸在规定的极限公差尺寸范围内，即为合格品。
双向检测千分尺对较大内径或外径尺寸的测量； Referring to Figure 13 and Figure 14, if the measured outer diameter limit of the workpiece is 9r 5 mm, the same method for detecting the outer diameter limit of the workpiece is the same as the method for detecting the inner diameter limit. The difference is the opposite direction, for example, the outer diameter limit. Before the size detection, the two sides of the fixed rod probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are firstly checked with the inner side of the round heads of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides, and the conventional micrometer standard sample rod or other measuring block is verified and simultaneously detected. After the three probes are in contact, the outer diameter scale values on the left and right moving rods are at 0 mm. When the reference size is verified, the moving rods on both sides are calibrated from the outward to the middle to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads. Whether the outer diameter limit size meets the requirements, the minimum limit size Dmin (9.00mm) and the maximum limit value Dmax (9.05mm) of the two sets of probes are opposite to the inner diameter limit size detection direction in the comparison direction with the workpiece to be tested. , ie: When a set of probes with a minimum limit of Dmin (9.00mm) passes the largest surface of the outer circle of the workpiece to be tested, the actual size of the outer circle of the workpiece to be tested is less than the minimum limit Dmin (9.00mm) ), for the workpiece that is out of tolerance; if a set of probes with a minimum limit of Dmin (9.00mm) does not slide out the maximum surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece to be tested, then the actual size of the outer circle of the workpiece to be tested has met the minimum size. The value of Dmin (9.00mm) is required, but it does not mean that the maximum limit Dmax (9.05mm) of the workpiece to be tested also meets the requirements. Therefore, another set of limit size maximum Dmax (9.05mm) probe pair is required. The outer circle of the workpiece is tested. If the two probes are not slipped at the maximum surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece, the actual size of the workpiece is greater than the maximum limit Dmax ( 9.05mm only when the minimum size of the limit is Dmin ( 9.00mm) The group probe does not slide out the maximum surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece to be tested, and the set of probes with the maximum limit size Dmax (9.05mm) slides over the largest surface of the outer circumference of the workpiece to be tested, indicating that the actual size of the workpiece is specified. Within the limit tolerance size range, it is a good product. Bidirectional detection of micrometers for measurement of larger inner or outer diameter dimensions;
参见图 15和图 16， 当需要对工件较大内径测量时， 可以采用左右两 边测头相组合的测量方法， 即以左移动测杆测头 25的左边和右移动测杆 测头 21的右边去接触工件的内孔内壁， 测量前一边测杆在一定的位置固 定， 以另一边测杆来完成校验、测量工作，校验方法等同于以上的内径检 测校验方法， 所测得的数值以两边的位移量结合中间的测头直径进行计 算。 Referring to Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, when it is required to measure the inner diameter of the workpiece, the measurement method of combining the left and right probes may be employed, that is, moving the left and right sides of the probe head 25 to the right of the probe head 21 To contact the inner wall of the inner hole of the workpiece, the measuring rod is fixed at a certain position before the measurement, and the calibration and measuring work is completed with the measuring rod on the other side. The verification method is equivalent to the above inner diameter detecting and verifying method, and the measured value is Calculated by the displacement of both sides combined with the diameter of the probe in the middle.
双向检测千分尺对同一工件的内径和外径尺寸的测量； Two-way detection of the micrometer to measure the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the same workpiece;
参见图 17和图 18，当工件的内径和外径的实际尺寸在该双向检测千 分尺的左右两边测杆的测量范围内时，可以通过定尺的方法对所测量的加 工件进行快速的测量或检验。 Referring to Figures 17 and 18, when the actual size of the inner and outer diameters of the workpiece is within the measurement range of the left and right sides of the bidirectional detection micrometer, the measured workpiece can be quickly measured by a fixed length method or test.
双向检测千分尺对管件壁厚尺寸的测量； Two-way detection micrometer to measure the wall thickness of the pipe;
参见图 19，如所测工件的壁厚尺寸为 5mm当管类零件的管壁厚度需 要测量或检验时，同样可以以中间的固定测杆测头与两边的测杆测头相结 合来进行检测。此功能可以直接代替现有的管壁千分尺。同时在一定的范 围内还可以对非圆柱形工件的长度、 宽度及高度进行测量和检验。 Referring to Figure 19, if the wall thickness of the workpiece is 5 mm, when the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe part needs to be measured or inspected, it can also be detected by combining the fixed probe head in the middle with the probe head on both sides. . This feature can directly replace the existing pipe wall micrometer. At the same time, the length, width and height of non-cylindrical workpieces can be measured and verified within a certain range.
双向检测千分尺对窄型沟槽和圆弧沟槽以及内、 外径的测量； 参见图 20， 由于该双向检测千分尺的测头的特殊性， 因此在遇到现 有通用外径千分尺无法测量的窄型沟槽 dl、 圆弧沟槽 d3及内孔 D1时， 该双向检测千分尺则可以在工件的轴线基面方向 D2和径向圆周方向 d2 对上述工件的被测表面进行检测，真正实现了内径、外径双向检测的功能， 并达到一尺多用的效果。 Two-way detection micrometer for narrow groove and circular groove and inner and outer diameter measurement; see Figure 20, due to the special nature of the bidirectional detection micrometer probe, it cannot be measured in the existing universal outer diameter micrometer. When the narrow groove d1, the circular groove d3 and the inner hole D1 are used, the bidirectional detecting micrometer can detect the surface to be tested of the workpiece in the axial direction D2 of the workpiece and the radial circumferential direction d2, and the real implementation is realized. The function of two-way detection of inner diameter and outer diameter, and achieving a multi-purpose effect.
参见图 21， 该双向检测千分尺包括带有数显功能的 "双向数显检测 千分尺"，其传感器结构及显示原理、方法属于数显千分尺领域公知技术， 在不影响本发明机械传动结构或原理的前提下可以兼用各种数字显示方 式，包括旋转位移感应显示或直线位移感应显示方式。其任何公知数显方 式在本发明双向检测千分尺上的应用都属于本发明的应用范围，也属于本 发明申请所保护的范围。
特别说明，该发明双向检测千分尺新型量具及检测技术参照于本发明 人以前多项相关专利所作出的重大改进，因此，在其部分结构名称的描述 方面参照并引用了部分以前的表述方法，其目的是便于辅助表达和完全呈 现本发明的核心变化之处。依据本发明传动原理、结构特征及检测工艺方 法所作出的类似改进都属于本发明权利保护的范围。 Referring to FIG. 21, the bidirectional detecting micrometer includes a "bidirectional digital display detecting micrometer" with digital display function, and the sensor structure and display principle and method thereof belong to the well-known technology in the field of digital display micrometer, without affecting the mechanical transmission structure or principle of the present invention. Under the premise, various digital display modes can be used, including a rotary displacement sensing display or a linear displacement sensing display mode. The use of any of the known digital display methods in the bidirectional detection micrometer of the present invention is within the scope of application of the present invention and is also within the scope of the present invention. In particular, the novel two-way detection micrometer of the invention and the detection technology refer to the significant improvements made by the inventors of the prior art, and therefore, some of the previous expression methods are referred to and cited in the description of some of the structural names. The aim is to facilitate the expression and full presentation of the core variations of the invention. Similar improvements made in accordance with the transmission principles, structural features, and testing techniques of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
本发明双向检测千分尺通过巧妙的设计，使一把千分尺同时具备了检 测内径、 外径、 方槽、 圆弧槽、 管壁、极限公差等尺寸的功能， 在满足多 类型工件的测量功能的情况下为机械制造加工领域提供了一种全新的量 具。该双向检测千分尺对机械制造加工业和量具制造业的发展将起到促进 作用。
The bidirectional detection micrometer of the invention has the function of detecting the inner diameter, the outer diameter, the square groove, the arc groove, the pipe wall, the limit tolerance and the like by the ingenious design, and the condition of the measurement function of the multi-type workpiece is satisfied. The company offers a new range of gauges for the field of mechanical manufacturing. This two-way inspection micrometer will contribute to the development of the machine building industry and the gauge manufacturing industry.
Claims
1. 双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 在尺身上设置了 3个内、 外径方向测量 的测杆和测头； 中间固定测杆位于尺身测量轴线的中间， 左右 2个各 带有内、 外径双刻度值的移动测杆的测量轴线与中间固定测杆的测量 轴线一致， 并以中间固定测杆中心位置向两边方向直线位移。 1. Two-way detection micrometer, which is characterized in that: three measuring rods and probes for measuring the inner and outer diameter directions are arranged on the ruler; the middle fixed measuring rod is located in the middle of the measuring axis of the ruler, and the left and right sides are respectively provided with The measuring axis of the moving rod with the double-scale outer diameter coincides with the measuring axis of the fixed rod in the middle, and is linearly displaced in the direction of both sides with the center position of the fixed rod in the middle.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 固定测杆和移动 测杆的测头为圆头型， 也包括球头型或椭圆头型。 2. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the probe for fixing the measuring rod and the moving measuring rod is of a round head type, and also includes a ball head type or an elliptical head type.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 固定测杆的测头 与移动测杆的测头之间的接触包括球面与球面、 球面与平面、 锥面与 锥面、 平面与线、 平面与平面、 60° 凸面与 60° 凹面、 55° 凸面与 55 ° 凹面、 线与线的接触。 3. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the contact between the probe of the fixed measuring rod and the measuring head of the moving measuring rod comprises a spherical surface and a spherical surface, a spherical surface and a plane surface, a tapered surface and a tapered surface, and a plane. Contact with line, plane and plane, 60° convex with 60° concave, 55° convex with 55° concave, line to line.
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 左右两边移动测 杆的形状包括弯头型或直杆型。 4. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the left and right moving rods comprises an elbow type or a straight rod type.
5. 根据权利要求 1或 4所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 左右两边移 动测杆的弯头型形状包括可以检测内孔内沟槽的 U型弯头形状。 The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the elbow-shaped shape of the left and right moving rods includes a U-shaped elbow shape that can detect the grooves in the inner holes.
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 左右两边移动测 杆的移动方式包括直线位移或旋转位移。 6. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the moving manner of the moving rod on the left and right sides comprises a linear displacement or a rotational displacement.
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 固定测杆的固定 方式包括一体式或可拆卸式。 7. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing manner of the fixed measuring rod comprises an integral type or a detachable type.
8. 根据权利要求 1或 4或 6所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 固定测 杆为可拆卸式时的装配平面与左右两边直杆型移动测杆的轴线平面平 行且与测头平面垂直。 The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1 or 4 or 6, wherein: the mounting plane when the fixed measuring rod is detachable is parallel to the axis plane of the left and right straight rod type moving measuring rods and the measuring head plane vertical.
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 直线位移量的显 示方式包括机械传动刻度显示或电子数显数字显示。 9. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the linear displacement amount is displayed by a mechanical transmission scale display or an electronic digital display.
10.根据权利要求 1所述的双向检测千分尺， 其特征为： 测杆测头对内、 外径方向测量方式包括内径极限公差测量、外径极限公差测量、 内径 和外径尺寸的组合测量、 较大孔径测量、 较大外径测量、 沟槽测量、 圆弧槽测量、 壁厚测量， 检测范围包括极限公差尺寸或常规尺寸。
10. The bidirectional detecting micrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring method of the inner and outer diameter directions of the measuring probe comprises an inner diameter limit tolerance measurement, an outer diameter limit tolerance measurement, a combined measurement of an inner diameter and an outer diameter dimension, Larger aperture measurement, larger outside diameter measurement, groove measurement, circular groove measurement, wall thickness measurement, detection range including extreme tolerance size or regular size.
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| CN110081797B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2023-11-28 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Detection device and detection method for hole and shaft belt tip |
| CN110608657A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-24 | 金螳螂精装科技（苏州）有限公司 | Assembled ground leveling chi |
| CN111765996B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-03-18 | 中国航发贵州红林航空动力控制科技有限公司 | Electromagnet suction and motion displacement measuring device |
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