WO2015084539A1 - Système et procédé pour réguler la température d'un fluide de travail - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour réguler la température d'un fluide de travail Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015084539A1
WO2015084539A1 PCT/US2014/064515 US2014064515W WO2015084539A1 WO 2015084539 A1 WO2015084539 A1 WO 2015084539A1 US 2014064515 W US2014064515 W US 2014064515W WO 2015084539 A1 WO2015084539 A1 WO 2015084539A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
working fluid
outlet header
propeller
subsea water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/064515
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William Joseph ANTEL, Jr.
Ove Saele
Odd Marius Rosvold
Original Assignee
General Electric Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Company filed Critical General Electric Company
Publication of WO2015084539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015084539A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0007—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 for underwater installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/30—Geothermal collectors using underground reservoirs for accumulating working fluids or intermediate fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0472—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to a subsea heat exchanger, and more particularly to a system and method for controlling temperature of a process or working fluid in subsea equipment.
  • one or more products such as oil, natural gas, or a combination of the two are extracted from subsea wells and processed on an ocean bed. Further, these products may be used as working fluids for one or more applications.
  • the products that are extracted from the subsea wells may have a very high temperature, and processing these products at this high temperature is challenging. In one example, the temperature of these products may be in a range from about 80 degrees to about 200 degrees.
  • one or more heat exchangers may be used underwater to regulate or control the temperature of the products that are extracted from the subsea wells. These heat exchangers may leverage subsea water to cool these products. Typically, the subsea water may have a temperature that is relatively lower than the temperature of the products. Also, the subsea water may have high heat capacity that aids in controlling or absorbing heat from the products. However, these heat exchangers depend upon natural or free convection of the subsea water to cool the products. Also, as the temperature of these products is very high, a large amount of heat needs to be dissipated from the products.
  • the heat exchanging device includes an inlet header configured to receive a working fluid.
  • the heat exchanging device includes at least one coil segment having a first end and a second end, where the first end of the at least one coil segment is coupled to the inlet header and configured to receive the working fluid from the inlet header.
  • the heat exchanging device includes an outlet header coupled to the second end of the at least one coil segment and configured to receive the working fluid from the at least one coil segment.
  • the heat exchanging device includes at least one propeller disposed proximate to the at least one coil segment and configured to propel subsea water across the at least one coil segment to control a temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header.
  • the method includes directing, by at least one coil segment, working fluid from an inlet header to an outlet header in a heat exchanging device. Also, the method includes determining, by a control unit, a temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header. Further, the method includes propelling, by at least one propeller, subsea water across the at least one coil segment to control the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header.
  • a system is presented. The system includes an inlet header. Also, the system includes an outlet header. Further, the system includes a plurality of coil segments disposed between the inlet header and the outlet header and configured to direct working fluid from the inlet header to the outlet header.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of one embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of one embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of one embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of one embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatical representation of a propeller disposed in a nozzle, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIGs. 4-7 are diagrammatical representations of different embodiments of a coil segment for use in a heat exchanging device, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method for controlling temperature of a working fluid, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0013] As will be described in detail hereinafter, various embodiments of exemplary systems and methods for controlling temperature of a working fluid are presented. By employing the methods and the various embodiments of the system described hereinafter, the working fluid may be cooled at a very low cost.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may be used for underwater applications to control a temperature of a working fluid that is extracted from subsea wells.
  • the working fluid may include well products, such as gas, liquids, and/or water
  • the working fluid may be any coolant that is used to cool components, such as a motor in subsea equipment.
  • the working fluid may have a temperature that is in a range from about 80 degrees to about 200 degrees. As will be appreciated, processing or using the working fluid at these high temperatures may be a challenging task.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may be employed to control the temperature of the working fluid.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may include an inlet header 102, one or more coil segments 104, an outlet header 106, one or more propellers 108, and a control unit 110.
  • the one or more coil segments 104 may be disposed between the inlet header 102 and the outlet header 106.
  • four coil segments 104 are positioned between the inlet header 102 and the outlet header 106.
  • Each of the coil segments 104 may include a first end 112 and a second end 114.
  • the first ends 112 of the coil segments 104 may be coupled to the inlet header 102, while the second ends 114 of the coil segments 104 may be coupled to the outlet header 106.
  • the coil segments 104 may include a bundle of coils that are arranged in one or more determined patterns. These patterns will be described in greater detail with respect to FIGs. 4-7.
  • the inlet header 102 and the outlet header 106 may be referred to as channels that are used for circulating the working fluid through the bundle of coils in the coil segments 104.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may have any number of coil segments, and is not limited to the number of coil segments shown in FIG. 1. [0016] As depicted in FIG.
  • the inlet header 102 may be configured to receive the working fluid from an external unit (not shown).
  • the received working fluid may be distributed equally through each of the coil segments 104.
  • the working fluid may be channeled through each of the coil segments 104 and collected by the outlet header 106.
  • the outlet header 106 may be configured to route the collected working fluid back to the external unit.
  • the external unit may include one or more components, such as a subsea motor or a compressor in subsea equipment (not shown).
  • heat exchangers employ natural or free convection of the subsea water to transfer heat from the working fluid to the subsea water.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may employ the one or more propellers 108 to force the flow of the subsea water across the coil segments 104, rather than relying on the natural or free convection of the subsea water.
  • each of the propellers 108 may be disposed proximate to a corresponding coil segment 104. In one embodiment, these propellers 108 may be operated at a fixed speed. Further, the propellers 108 may be configured to propel the subsea water across the coil segments 104. More particularly, the subsea water may be forced to flow across the coil segments 104. This forced flow of the subsea water in turn aids in transferring the heat from the working fluid that is flowing within the coil segments 104 to the surrounding seawater.
  • control unit 110 may be configured to regulate the flow of subsea water across the coil segments 104. More particularly, the control unit 110 may be configured to activate or deactivate one or more propellers 108 so as to regulate the flow of subsea water across the coil segments 104. [0021] In accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, the control unit 110 may be configured to regulate the flow of the subsea water across the coil segments 104 based on the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106. It may be desirable to maintain the temperature of the working fluid within a determined temperature range. The d t i d t t h bound and a lower bound, in one example.
  • the control unit 110 may include a first sensor 116 and a processing subunit 118.
  • the first sensor 116 may be operatively coupled to the outlet header 106 and configured to determine the temperature of the working fluid at a determined location in the outlet header 106.
  • the determined location may be a location in the outlet header 106, where the working fluid exits the outlet header 106.
  • the first sensor 116 may be configured to communicate the determined temperature to the processing subunit 118.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to determine a number of propellers 108 to be activated and/or deactivated based on the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to determine the number of propellers 108 to be activated and/or deactivated based on an amount of heat to be dissipated from the working fluid. To that end, in one embodiment, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to determine if the temperature received from the first sensor 116 lies outside the determined temperature range. If it is determined that the temperature of the working fluid received from the first sensor 116 lies outside the determined temperature range, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate or deactivate a determined number of propellers 108. In one example, if the received temperature is greater than the upper bound of the determined temperature range, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate a first subset of the propellers 108.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to deactivate a second subset of the propellers 108. In one embodiment, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate or deactivate the one or more propellers 108 by communicating a first control signal to a corresponding propeller. [0023] In accordance with further aspects of the present disclosure, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate or deactivate the propellers 108 based on a temperature of the subsea water. Particularly, if the temperature of the subsea water is greater than the temperature of the working fluid then propelling this subsea water across the coil segments 104 may further increase the temperature of the working fluid.
  • the control unit 110 may include a second sensor 120 configured to determine the temperature of the subsea water.
  • the second sensor 120 may be disposed in the subsea water. Further, the second sensor 120 may be configured to communicate the temperature of the subsea water to the processing subunit 118.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to compare the temperature of the subsea water with the temperature of the working fluid.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to transmit a second control signal to one or more propellers 108 to activate a subset of propellers 108 if the temperature of the subsea water is less than the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106. Otherwise, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to transmit a third control signal to one or more propellers 108 to deactivate the subset of propellers 108. In one embodiment, the processing subunit 118 may be configured to select the number of propellers 108 to be activated or deactivated based on a difference between the temperature of the subsea water and the temperature of the working fluid.
  • the heat exchanging device 100 may effectively control the temperature of the working fluid. Also, the size and cost of manufacturing the heat exchanging device 100 may be substantially reduced as the heat exchanging device 100 is configured to rely on the force flow of the subsea water across the coil segments 104 to dissipate heat or control the temperature of the working fluid.
  • FIG. 2 a diagrammatical representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanging device 200, in accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, is depicted.
  • the heat exchanging device 200 includes coil segments 202 that are serially connected to each other. Particularly, in the embodiment of FIG.
  • each of the coil segments 202 may have corresponding inlet and outlet headers.
  • An outlet header of one coil segment 202 may be operatively coupled to an inlet header of an adjacent coil segment 202. More specifically, an inlet header 204 of a first coil segment 206 may be configured to receive a working fluid from an external unit (not shown). Further, the received working fluid may be directed through the first coil segment 206.
  • the outlet header 208 of the first coil segment 206 may be configured to collect the working fluid from the first coil segment 206 and route the working fluid to an inlet header 210 of a second coil segment 212.
  • the working fluid may be routed from the second coil segment 212 to a third coil segment 214 and further to a fourth coil segment 216 via respective inlet and outlet headers.
  • the working fluid may be collected by an outlet header 218 of the fourth or last coil segment 216.
  • the outlet header 218 of the fourth coil segment 216 may be configured to route the working fluid to the external unit.
  • the coil segments 202 may be arranged in a variety of configurations, and the arrangement is not limited to the arrangements shown in FIGs. 1 and 2.
  • a control unit 226 may be coupled to propellers 228 and configured to regulate the flow of subsea water across the coil segments 202.
  • the control unit 226 may include a first sensor 220, a processing subunit 222, and a second sensor 224.
  • the first sensor 220 of the control unit 226 may be coupled to the outlet header 218 of the fourth coil segment 216. It may be noted that the first sensor 220 may be representative of the first sensor 116 of FIG. 1.
  • the processing subunit 222 and the second sensor 224 may be representative of the processing subunit 118 and the second sensor 120, respectively.
  • propellers 228 may be representative of the propellers 108 of FIG. 1. [0028] Referring to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 a diagrammatical representation 300 of a propeller disposed in a nozzle configured for use in the heat exchanging devices 100, 200, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, is depicted.
  • Reference numeral 302 may be representative of one of the propellers 108 of FIG. 1.
  • the propeller 302 may be enclosed by a nozzle 306.
  • the nozzle 306 may be configured to aid in directing the flow of the subsea water towards a coil segment 304.
  • the propeller 302 surrounded by the nozzle 306 may be used to propel the subsea water across a corresponding coil segment 304 such that the subsea water may absorb the heat from the working fluid in the coil segment 304.
  • the nozzle 306 may include an inlet 308 and an outlet 310.
  • the inlet 308 may be provided along a bottom surface of the nozzle 306, while the outlet 310 may be provided along a top surface of the nozzle 306.
  • the top surface of the nozzle 306 may be representative of a surface of the nozzle 306 that is disposed closer to the coil segment 304, while the bottom surface may be representative of a surface of the nozzle 306 that is disposed away from the coil segment 304. Also, an aperture of the outlet 310 of the nozzle may be smaller than an aperture of the inlet 308 of the nozzle 306, in one embodiment.
  • FIGs. 4-7 diagrammatical representations of different embodiments of a coil segment configured for use in the heat exchanging devices 100, 200 of FIGs. 1-2, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, are depicted.
  • reference numeral 400 may be representative of one coil segment, such as the coil segment 104 of FIG. 1.
  • the coil segment 400 may include a helix bundle of coils 402 that may be coupled between an inlet header and an outlet header of the heat exchanging device 100. Particularly, this helix bundle of coils 402 may have a first end that is coupled to the inlet header and a second end that is coupled to the outlet header of the heat exchanging device 100.
  • a coil segment 500 may include a bundle of vertical pipes or coils 502.
  • a coil segment 600 may include a horizontal inline bundle of coils 602.
  • a coil segment 700 may include a horizontal staggered bundle of coils 702.
  • the method 800 is described with reference to the components of FIG. 1.
  • the method begins at step 802, where the working fluid may be directed from the inlet header 102 to the outlet header 106.
  • the one or more coil segments 104 may be used to channel or direct the working fluid from the inlet header 102 to the outlet header 106.
  • the inlet header 102 may receive the working fluid from the external unit (not shown) and the working fluid may be distributed equally to the coil segments 104.
  • the outlet header 106 may collect the working fluid from the one or more coil segments 104 and route the working fluid to the external unit.
  • the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106 may be determined.
  • the control unit 110 may be configured to determine the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106.
  • the control unit 110 may include the first sensor 116 that is coupled to the outlet header 106.
  • the first sensor 116 may be configured to determine the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106.
  • the determined temperature of the working fluid may be communicated to the processing subunit 118 in the control unit 110.
  • the subsea water may be propelled across the one or more coil segments 104 to control the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106.
  • the one or more propellers 108 may be used to propel the subsea water across the coil segments 104.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate or deactivate the one or more propellers 108 to regulate the flow of subsea water across the coil segments 104.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to activate the one or more propellers so as to lower the temperature of the working fluid to lie within the determined temperature range.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to deactivate one or more propellers so as to decrease the amount of heat removed by the heat exchanging device 100 and thus reducing the temperature of the working fluid in the outlet header 106.
  • the processing subunit 118 may be configured to select the number of propellers 108 to be activated or deactivated based on the amount of heat to be dissipated from the working fluid.
  • the various embodiments of the system and method aid in controlling the temperature of the working fluid. Also, as the heat exchanging device employs the propellers, the size and number of the heat exchanging devices used to cool a working fluid may be substantially reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'échange de chaleur (100). Le dispositif d'échange de chaleur comprend un collecteur d'admission (102) configuré pour recevoir un fluide de travail. En outre, le dispositif d'échange de chaleur comprend au moins un segment de serpentin (104) ayant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité, la première extrémité du ou des segments de serpentin étant couplée au collecteur d'admission et configurée pour recevoir le fluide de travail provenant du collecteur d'admission. De plus, le dispositif d'échange de chaleur comprend un collecteur de sortie (106) couplé à la seconde extrémité du des segments de serpentin et configuré pour recevoir le fluide de travail provenant du ou des segments de serpentin. En outre, le dispositif d'échange de chaleur comprend au moins une hélice (108) disposée à proximité du ou des segments de serpentin et configurée pour propulser de l'eau de mer sur le ou les segments de serpentin pour réguler la température du fluide de travail dans le collecteur de sortie.
PCT/US2014/064515 2013-12-03 2014-11-07 Système et procédé pour réguler la température d'un fluide de travail WO2015084539A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/094,817 US20150153074A1 (en) 2013-12-03 2013-12-03 System and method for controlling temperature of a working fluid
US14/094,817 2013-12-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015084539A1 true WO2015084539A1 (fr) 2015-06-11

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CN109041521A (zh) * 2012-05-03 2018-12-18 爱立信(中国)通信有限公司 用于冷却电信设备的方法和装置
CN112857095A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-28 广东纽恩泰新能源科技发展有限公司 一种江、河、湖、海水源侧水水换热器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008147219A2 (fr) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Dispositif de refroidissement sous-marin
WO2010110676A2 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Framo Engineering As Refroidisseur sous-marin, et procédé de nettoyage du refroidisseur sous-marin
WO2013174584A1 (fr) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Commande active de refroidisseurs sous-marins

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