WO2015082111A1 - Method for creating residual compressive stress during welding operations on a component, and corresponding component - Google Patents

Method for creating residual compressive stress during welding operations on a component, and corresponding component Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015082111A1
WO2015082111A1 PCT/EP2014/071900 EP2014071900W WO2015082111A1 WO 2015082111 A1 WO2015082111 A1 WO 2015082111A1 EP 2014071900 W EP2014071900 W EP 2014071900W WO 2015082111 A1 WO2015082111 A1 WO 2015082111A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
remelted
line
component
welding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/071900
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nikolai Arjakine
Bernd Burbaum
Torsten Jambor
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2015082111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015082111A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
    • B23P6/04—Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings
    • B23P6/045—Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings of turbine components, e.g. moving or stationary blades, rotors, etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/40—Heat treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/175—Superalloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating residual compressive stresses in the welding of a component and a corresponding component.
  • hot cracks may form between the welded area and the surrounding substrate.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a component according to claim 12.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the sequence of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a list of superalloys.
  • FIG. 1 shows a component 1 comprising at least one substrate with a surface 4 and cracks 7.
  • the component 1 may be a turbine component such as a turbine engine.
  • nickel- or cobalt-based superalloys are used, in particular
  • welding processes may be any welding process, such as welding. Tungsten inert gas welding or plasma welding in general, electron beam welding or laser beam welding.
  • first a line region 11 is melted along a closed line 10, which encloses cracks 7 or the region to be applied so that residual compressive stresses are generated around a region 8 to be processed.
  • the line region 11 has no cracks before remelting.
  • the remelting along the closed line 10 preferably takes place completely so that a remelting trace running as a closed line 11 is created.
  • the area 8 to be processed is traversed by a method of movement 13, preferably meandering, and the cracks 7 are remelted or material is applied to the area 8 to be processed.
  • the area 8 to be processed can touch the line area 11 or at most partially overlap.
  • the welding or laser power for the region 8 to be processed and the line region 11 depends on the desired remelting depth and material thickness in the regions 8, 11.
  • the laser powers can be the same.

Abstract

In order to prevent hot cracks caused by hot gas during welding in a zone (8) that is to be processed, residual compressive stress is created around said zone (8) by means of a welding operation.

Description

VERFAHREN ZUR ERZEUGUNG VON DRUCKEIGENSPANNUNGEN BEI DER  METHOD FOR GENERATING PRESSURE VOLTAGES IN THE
SCHWEIßBEARBEITUNG EINES BAUTEILES, UND ENTSPRECHENDES BAUTEIL  WELDING PROCESSING OF A COMPONENT, AND CORRESPONDING COMPONENT
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Druckeigenspannungen bei der Schweißbearbeitung eines Bauteils und ein entsprechendes Bauteil. The invention relates to a method for generating residual compressive stresses in the welding of a component and a corresponding component.
Beim Schweißen von Bauteilen, das sowohl das Auftragsschwei - ßen als auch das Umschmelzen beinhaltet, können zwischen dem geschweißten Bereich und dem umgebenden Substrat Heißrisse entstehen . When welding components, which includes both build - up and remelting, hot cracks may form between the welded area and the surrounding substrate.
Diese Risse sind nicht erwünscht. Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren und ein Bauteil aufzuzeigen, bei dem dieses Problem gelöst wird.  These cracks are not wanted. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and a component in which this problem is solved.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und einem Bauteil gemäß Anspruch 12. The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a component according to claim 12.
In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen aufgelistet, die beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, um weitere Vorteile zu erzielen. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und das erfindungsgemäße Bauteil entstehen bei der Schweißbearbeitung keine Heißrisse mehr, so dass das Bauteil defektfrei repariert oder bearbeitet werden kann. Es zeigen In the dependent claims further advantageous measures are listed, which can be combined with each other in order to achieve further advantages. As a result of the method according to the invention and the component according to the invention, hot cracks no longer occur during welding, so that the component can be repaired or processed without defects. Show it
Figur 1, 2 schematisch den Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Figure 1, 2 shows schematically the sequence of the invention
Verfahrens ,  Method,
Figur 3 eine Liste von Superlegierungen .  Figure 3 is a list of superalloys.
Die Figuren und die Beschreibung stellen nur Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dar. In Figur 1 ist ein Bauteil 1 aus zumindest einem Substrat mit einer Oberfläche 4 und Rissen 7 dargestellt. The figures and the description represent only embodiments of the invention. FIG. 1 shows a component 1 comprising at least one substrate with a surface 4 and cracks 7.
Das Bauteil 1 kann eine Turbinenkomponente wie eine Turbinen- schaufei sein. The component 1 may be a turbine component such as a turbine engine.
Vorzugsweise werden für Turbinenkomponenten nickel- oder kobaltbasierte Superlegierungen verwendet, insbesondere Preferably, for turbine components nickel- or cobalt-based superalloys are used, in particular
Legierungen gemäß Figur 3. Alloys according to FIG. 3
In Figur 1 sollen ein oder mehrere Risse 7 umgeschmolzen werden . In Figure 1, one or more cracks 7 are to be remelted.
Ebenso kann vorzugsweise Material lokal aufgetragen werden. Als Schweißverfahren kommen jegliche Schweißverfahren in Betracht, wie z.B. Wolfram-Inertgas-Schweißen oder allgemein Plasmaschweißen, Elektronenstrahlschweißen oder Laserstrahl - schweißen . Erfindungsgemäß wird zuerst entlang einer geschlossenen Linie 10 ein Linienbereich 11 umgeschmolzen, der Risse 7 oder den aufzutragenden Bereich umschließt, so dass Druckeigenspannungen um einen zu bearbeitenden Bereich 8 herum erzeugt werden. Der Linienbereich 11 weist vor dem Umschmelzen keine Risse auf. Die Umschmelzung entlang der geschlossenen Linie 10 erfolgt vorzugsweise vollständig, so dass eine geschlossen verlaufende Umschmelzspur als Linienbereich 11 entsteht.  Likewise, preferably material can be applied locally. Welding processes may be any welding process, such as welding. Tungsten inert gas welding or plasma welding in general, electron beam welding or laser beam welding. According to the invention, first a line region 11 is melted along a closed line 10, which encloses cracks 7 or the region to be applied so that residual compressive stresses are generated around a region 8 to be processed. The line region 11 has no cracks before remelting. The remelting along the closed line 10 preferably takes place completely so that a remelting trace running as a closed line 11 is created.
In einem zweiten Schritt wird der zu bearbeitende Bereich 8 durch eine Verfahrweise 13, vorzugsweise mäanderförmig, abgefahren und die Risse 7 werden umgeschmolzen oder Material in den zu bearbeitenden Bereich 8 aufgetragen. In a second step, the area 8 to be processed is traversed by a method of movement 13, preferably meandering, and the cracks 7 are remelted or material is applied to the area 8 to be processed.
Der zu bearbeitende Bereich 8 kann den Linienbereich 11 be- rühren oder höchstens teilweise überlappen. Die Schweiß- oder Laserleistung für den zu bearbeitenden Bereich 8 und dem Linienbereich 11 hängt von der gewünschten Umschmelztiefe und Materialdicke in den Bereichen 8, 11 ab. Die Laserleistungen können also gleich sein. The area 8 to be processed can touch the line area 11 or at most partially overlap. The welding or laser power for the region 8 to be processed and the line region 11 depends on the desired remelting depth and material thickness in the regions 8, 11. The laser powers can be the same.
Durch die Erzeugung von Druckeigenspannungen, die den Spannungen beim Umschmelzen im zu bearbeitenden Bereich 8 entgegenwirken, entstehen keine Risse zwischen dem umgeschmolzenen Bereich 16 und dem Linienbereich 11. The generation of residual compressive stresses, which counteract the stresses during the remelting in the region 8 to be processed, causes no cracks between the remelted region 16 and the line region 11.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren 1. Procedure
zur Erzeugung von Druckeigenspannungen bei einer Schweißbehandlung eines Substrats mit einer Oberfläche (4),  for generating residual compressive stresses in a welding treatment of a substrate having a surface (4),
bei dem entlang einer geschlossenen Linie (10) ein Linienbereich (11) der Oberfläche (4) eines Bauteils (1) , der (11) keine Risse aufweist,  in which along a closed line (10) a line region (11) of the surface (4) of a component (1) having (11) no cracks,
zumindest stellenweise, insbesondere vollständig entlang der geschlossenen Linie (10) umgeschmolzen wird,  at least in places, in particular completely remelted along the closed line (10),
und in einem zweiten, separaten Schritt der von der geschlossenen Linie (10) umschlossene zu bearbeitende Bereich (8) zumindest teilweise, insbesondere vollständig umge- schmolzen wird.  and in a second, separate step, the area (8) enclosed by the closed line (10) is at least partially, in particular completely remelted, to be machined.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. The method according to claim 1,
bei dem ein Umschmelzverfahren durch Schweißen im zu bearbeitenden Bereich (8) stattfindet.  in which a remelting by welding in the area to be machined (8) takes place.
3. Verfahren nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei dem ein nickel- oder kobaltbasiertes Substrat umgeschmolzen wird. 3. The method according to one or both of claims 1 or 2, wherein a nickel- or cobalt-based substrate is remelted.
4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3, 4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2 or 3,
bei dem der zu bearbeitende Bereich (8) nur einmal von einem Schweißstrahl entlang der geschlossenen Linie (10) umfahren wird.  in which the area to be machined (8) is bypassed only once by a welding beam along the closed line (10).
5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche 1, 2, 3 oder 4, 5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3 or 4,
bei dem der zu bearbeitende Bereich (8) mäanderförmig (13) abgefahren und erfasst wird. in which the area (8) to be machined is traveled in a meandering manner (13) and detected.
6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5, 6. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,
bei dem zumindest ein Riss (7) im zu bearbeitenden Bereich (8) umgeschmolzen wird.  in which at least one crack (7) in the area to be processed (8) is remelted.
7. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 7. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
bei dem in dem zu bearbeitenden Bereich (8) eine Auftrags- schweißung stattfindet.  in which an application weld takes place in the area to be machined (8).
8. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 8. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
bei dem das Schweißen des zu bearbeitenden Bereichs (8) vollständig innerhalb des umgeschmolzenen Linienbereichs (11) liegt,  in which the welding of the area to be machined (8) lies completely within the remelted line area (11),
insbesondere diesen gerade berührt .  especially this just touched.
9. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 9. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
bei dem das Schweißen entlang des zu bearbeitenden Bereichs (8) sich mit den umgeschmolzenen Linienbereich (11) der Linie (10) höchstens teilweise überlappt.  in which the welding along the region to be processed (8) at most partially overlaps with the remelted line region (11) of the line (10).
10. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 10. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
bei dem ein Laser zum Schweißen verwendet wird.  where a laser is used for welding.
11. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 11. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
bei dem die Laserleistung pro Dicke des Substrats in dem umgeschmolzenen Linienbereich (11) und dem zu bearbeitenden Bereich (8) gleich ist. wherein the laser power per thickness of the substrate in the remelted line region (11) and the region to be processed (8) is the same.
12. Bauteil, 12. component,
insbesondere hergestellt nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 oder 11, bei dem ein Substrat (4) des Bauteils (1) einen umgeschmol- zenen Bereich (16) aufweist,  in particular produced according to one or more of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, in which a substrate (4) of the component (1) has a remelted region (16 ) having,
der von einem umgeschmolzenen Linienbereich (11) vollständig umfasst wird,  which is completely encompassed by a fused line area (11),
der (11) Druckspannungen auf den inneren Bereich (16) ausübt .  the (11) compressive stresses on the inner region (16) exerts.
PCT/EP2014/071900 2013-12-03 2014-10-13 Method for creating residual compressive stress during welding operations on a component, and corresponding component WO2015082111A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013224788.5 2013-12-03
DE102013224788.5A DE102013224788A1 (en) 2013-12-03 2013-12-03 Generation of internal compressive stresses during welding and component

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EP3608039A1 (en) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of irradiating for additive production with predetermined trajectory
US20220388096A1 (en) * 2021-06-03 2022-12-08 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Healing energy beam for smoothening surface irregularities in weld joints

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4562332A (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-12-31 Rockwell International Corporation Surface crack healing with high-energy beam
JPH07241692A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-19 Hitachi Ltd Fusion repair method of crack
US20110089150A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Nikolai Arjakine Method and Apparatus for Welding Workpieces of High-Temperature Superalloys

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE855348C (en) * 1949-11-11 1952-11-13 Gussstahlwerk Bochumer Ver Ag Process for applying particularly wear-resistant steel layers by build-up welding on used and new rails

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4562332A (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-12-31 Rockwell International Corporation Surface crack healing with high-energy beam
JPH07241692A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-19 Hitachi Ltd Fusion repair method of crack
US20110089150A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-21 Nikolai Arjakine Method and Apparatus for Welding Workpieces of High-Temperature Superalloys

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