WO2015079078A1 - Internal combustion engine with multiple independent intakes - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with multiple independent intakes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015079078A1
WO2015079078A1 PCT/ES2013/070828 ES2013070828W WO2015079078A1 WO 2015079078 A1 WO2015079078 A1 WO 2015079078A1 ES 2013070828 W ES2013070828 W ES 2013070828W WO 2015079078 A1 WO2015079078 A1 WO 2015079078A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
independent
admissions
internal combustion
combustion engine
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2013/070828
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Armando Antonio BLASCO GIL
Original Assignee
Nairex Business, S.L.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nairex Business, S.L. filed Critical Nairex Business, S.L.
Priority to PCT/ES2013/070828 priority Critical patent/WO2015079078A1/en
Publication of WO2015079078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015079078A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/08—Modifying distribution valve timing for charging purposes
    • F02B29/086—Modifying distribution valve timing for charging purposes the engine having two or more inlet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B31/00—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder
    • F02B31/08—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder having multiple air inlets
    • F02B31/087—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder having multiple air inlets having three or more inlet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
    • F02M35/10157—Supercharged engines
    • F02M35/10163—Supercharged engines having air intakes specially adapted to selectively deliver naturally aspirated fluid or supercharged fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
    • F02M35/1085—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages the combustion chamber having multiple intake valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0272—Two or more throttles disposed in series
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine with multiple independent admissions, that is, each of the multiple admissions works and is selected independently, and any combination thereof can even be selected.
  • a single air intake comprising: an air intake, then a filter, followed by a throttle and idle throttle, and a sensor of the amount of air, in order to control the corresponding gas injection, followed by a pressure distribution chamber from where the collectors start.
  • the fuel injection can be indirect, carried out in the intake manifold or direct injection, carried out directly in the combustion chamber or both operating one or the other depending on the design of the engine.
  • the engines by air pressure by turbo, volumetric compressor, fixed pressure rechargeable tank include: an air intake, followed by a turbo in which the air enters on one side and usually comes out on the other, a radiator or "intercooler” by where the hot air is passed to cool it, an idle throttle valve is then provided, followed by an air passage sensor and a pressure distribution chamber to unify the pressure from where the collectors exit to the combustion chambers . Also in these engines the air or the mixture that reaches each combustion chamber does it at the same pressure and with the same volume.
  • the geometry of the intake orifice is designed to allow the combustible air mixture to be reinforced in order to increase the air or mixture even at the same pressure and thus increase the combustion of the fuel inside the combustion chambers at the same pressure , like a double carburetor.
  • the engines known in the state of the art have a single intake system, designed according to the power of the engine. So a motor for a certain power has designed the pressure and volume of air, the total opening of the throttle valve and the fuel injection for said power. For this reason, a higher power motor has higher consumption at lower speed, than a less powerful motor with equal displacement.
  • the motors of the state of the art are limited by the power of design, and it is not possible to change the power for which they have been designed.
  • a lower power motor will consume less at lower speed, but will have less overtaking capacity, while a higher power motor will consume more at lower speed but will have a greater overtaking capacity.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problem by means of a motor with multiple admissions of independent operation and to select each of the admissions individually or in combination, achieving ultimately a multi-power engine with the same displacement, and therefore as many ranges of consumption and reduction of CO2 emissions from 0 to maximum revolutions, in short, to achieve with a single engine that can operate as if it had different select powers.
  • the objective of the invention is to design an engine that works and performs as different engines of both maximum power and different power in each range of revolutions, with the aim of adapting the consumption and emission of CO2 to each circumstance, so that the quantity of air supplied to each combustion chamber will depend on the power required in each circumstance and, consequently, the amount of fuel injected and the CO2 expelled will be a function of the amount of air supplied.
  • the combustion engine will have two or more multiple admissions of operation and independent selection, which may be of equal or different section, for each combustion chamber.
  • the multiple admissions of the internal combustion engine are selected by the driver individually or in combination, that is, in the case of two independent admissions, the driver may select one of the admissions, which will be designed for a specific power. , or select a second admission, which will be designed for a second power, different from the previous one, or select both admissions with the same or different butterfly opening to achieve a different effect.
  • the maximum amount of air supplied to each combustion chamber will be a function of the selected admissions that serve to power each combustion chamber of the engine.
  • all or part of the admissions or air inlets can start from a common air intake chamber, which will have an air inlet, equipped with the corresponding filter, which would always give us the same pressure. air although with equal or different flow.
  • each of the independent admissions can have its own air intake, which would allow, for example, one of the admissions to be atmospheric, another of the admissions to be by pressurized air by any of the known systems , like turbo, volumetric compressor, and another through a fixed or rechargeable air tank or pressure mix, etc., or any of the multiple combinations that a technician could come up with.
  • air is introduced at different pressure or volume for each selected independent intake, and therefore, different amount of air per unit of time and, consequently, different amount of fuel.
  • each of the admissions can also have its corresponding fuel injector, which will come into operation when the corresponding intake for the air supply is selected.
  • the independent admissions in one of the possible embodiments may converge in a common inlet to the combustion chamber and have a single injector for the admissions group, where the injector will inject the fuel depending on the admission or independent admissions that have been selected.
  • each combustion chamber can have one or more injectors that will feed the fuel directly, the capacity of the single common injector or adjustable injectors depending on the admission or selected independent admissions through which it is supplied the air, in each case, to adapt the injected fuel to the volume of air supplied.
  • the injectors can be both individually on each of the multiple admissions and jointly either on a common conduit where admissions converge if there is one, or directly on the combustion chamber, one working or another type of injection, individually or combined as appropriate.
  • valve or throttle valves with which the starting admission is closed When changing from one intake to another, the valve or throttle valves with which the starting admission is closed, the valve or valves of the admissions or admission selected being operative by means of the accelerator.
  • the degree of opening of one of them can be selected in a fixed and regular way with the other valve.
  • FIG. 1 we can see a combustion chamber (1) of an internal combustion engine.
  • the combustion chamber (1) has its corresponding piston (2) movable inside the chamber and to which an exhaust gas nozzle (3) is connected, and a series of independent admissions through a single duct jointly or separately.
  • the engine shown in the embodiment shown which does not have to be considered as limiting, but exemplary of the essence of the invention, has three independent admissions, an intake with air pressure, either by turbo (4) or volumetric compressor, a atmospheric admission (5), and other admission (18) from a pressure reservoir (19)
  • the independent intake type turbo (4) has an air inlet (12) followed by a turbo (1 1), then having a radiator or “intercooler” (10) to cool the air inlet, then available the throttle and idle throttle valve (9) followed by a pressure distribution chamber (8), after which a second one can be alternatively or complementary to the throttle and idle throttle valve (9) throttle valve (7), followed by an injector (6), to finally open to the interior of the combustion chamber (1).
  • the independent atmospheric intake (5) comprises an air intake (14) followed by an air filter (13), at the outlet of which there is an accelerator and idle throttle valve (14), followed by a water distribution chamber.
  • pressure (15) whose output, as in the turbo admission, alternatively or complementary to the first throttle valve (14), a second throttle valve (1 6) followed by an injector (17) for exclusive use for this independent intake can be arranged.
  • the independent intake by means of an air or air-pressure mixing tank (1 8) comprises a pressure tank (19) which is rechargeable by means of recharging means (20) and which has a discharge valve (21) regulated, either manually or automatically depending on the pressure or volume that is desired to supply, this admission can act alone or in combination with other admissions regardless of the type that they are.
  • this admission from a pressurized reservoir (1 9) comprises of an accelerator and idle throttle valve (21), followed by a pressure distribution chamber (22) at whose exit, as that in the turbo admission, alternatively or in addition to the first throttle valve (21), a second throttle valve (23) followed by an injector (24) for exclusive use for this independent intake can be arranged use of the second throttle butterfly valves (7), (1 6) and (23) which are closer to the combustion chamber facilitate the rapidity of air entering the combustion chamber after the accelerator is actuated.
  • the driver or a specific schedule will trigger one or another butterfly as appropriate.
  • independent admissions may be selected independently or in combination. Independent admissions may enter separately in the combustion chamber or jointly through a single duct, or any other combination.
  • the intakes or air intakes of the independent admissions can start from a joint admission for all the admissions or they can be separate entrances or air intakes for each one of the admissions.
  • the fuel injector may be one or several for each independent intake, or for the set of independent admissions, well disposed in a possible common confluence pipe of said admissions and before the entrance to the combustion chamber or in the chamber itself of combustion, regardless of how admissions enter the combustion chamber, either jointly or separately, but the functioning of the injectors that would have been would depend on the admissions selected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising one or more combustion chambers, in which at least one of the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine includes at least two independently operating intakes, each of which can be selected in an individual or combined manner. The air inlets can be individual or combined for part or all of the intakes, and the injection can be performed individually for each independent intake or in a combined manner either prior to entry into the combustion chamber, in which case the intakes merge into a common duct, or in the combustion chamber itself. This system can be used to produce an internal combustion engine with different power values without varying the engine displacement, according to the selected intake(s), as well as with lower consumption and lower CO2 emissions.

Description

MOTOR DE COMBUSTIÓN INTERNA CON ADMISIONES MULTIPLES  INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH MULTIPLE ADMISSIONS
INDEPENDIENTES  INDEPENDENT
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION.
La presente invención se refiere a un motor de combustión interna con admisiones múltiples independientes, es decir, que cada una de las múltiples admisiones funciona y es seleccionare de manera independiente, pudiendo incluso seleccionarse cualquier combinación de las mismas.  The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine with multiple independent admissions, that is, each of the multiple admissions works and is selected independently, and any combination thereof can even be selected.
Caracteriza a la presente invención el hecho de dotar a un motor de combustión interna en al menos una de sus cámaras de combustión con al menos dos admisiones de aire o mezcla de funcionamiento y selección independiente, una con respecto a la(s) otra(s), pudiendo también trabajar de forma combinada. It characterizes to the present invention the fact of endowing an internal combustion engine in at least one of its combustion chambers with at least two air intakes or mixture of independent operation and selection, one with respect to the other (s) ), also being able to work in combination.
Por lo tanto, la presente invención se circunscribe dentro del ámbito de los motores de combustión interna y de manera particular de entre los sistemas de alimentación de los motores. Therefore, the present invention is circumscribed within the scope of internal combustion engines and particularly among the power systems of the engines.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
Los motores actualmente existentes hacen llegar mediante diferentes medios la misma presión a cada cámara de combustión y la misma cantidad de aire o mezcla. Currently existing engines deliver the same pressure through different media to each combustion chamber and the same amount of air or mixture.
En los motores atmosféricos suele haber una única toma de aire, que comprende: una toma de aire, a continuación un filtro, seguido de una mariposa de acelerador y ralentí, y de un sensor de la cantidad de aire, con el objetivo de controlar la inyección de gasolina correspondiente, seguido de una cámara de distribución de presión de donde parten los colectores. In the atmospheric engines there is usually a single air intake, comprising: an air intake, then a filter, followed by a throttle and idle throttle, and a sensor of the amount of air, in order to control the corresponding gas injection, followed by a pressure distribution chamber from where the collectors start.
La inyección de combustible puede ser indirecta, realizada en el colector de admisión o inyección directa, realizándose directamente en la cámara de combustión o ambas funcionando una u otra en función del diseño del motor. The fuel injection can be indirect, carried out in the intake manifold or direct injection, carried out directly in the combustion chamber or both operating one or the other depending on the design of the engine.
En todos estos motores el aire o mezcla que llega a cada cámara lo hace a la misma presión y con el mismo volumen, dependiendo sus valores de la apertura de la válvula de la mariposa del acelerador. In all these engines the air or mixture that reaches each chamber does it at the same pressure and with the same volume, depending on its valve opening values of the throttle valve.
Los motores por aire a presión mediante turbo, compresor volumétrico, depósito a presión fijo recargable comprenden: una toma de aire, seguida de un turbo en el que el aire entra por un lado y sale generalmente por otro, un radiador o "intercooler" por donde se hace pasar el aire caliente para enfriarlo, se dispone a continuación una palomilla de acelerador ralentí, seguida de un sensor de paso de aire y de una cámara de distribución de presión para unificar la presión de donde salen los colectores a las cámaras de combustión. También en estos motores el aire o la mezcla que llega a cada cámara de combustión lo hace a la misma presión y con el mismo volumen. The engines by air pressure by turbo, volumetric compressor, fixed pressure rechargeable tank include: an air intake, followed by a turbo in which the air enters on one side and usually comes out on the other, a radiator or "intercooler" by where the hot air is passed to cool it, an idle throttle valve is then provided, followed by an air passage sensor and a pressure distribution chamber to unify the pressure from where the collectors exit to the combustion chambers . Also in these engines the air or the mixture that reaches each combustion chamber does it at the same pressure and with the same volume.
En algunos casos podrían llevar dos o más turbos, contando cada uno de ellos con una entrada diferente de aire o compartir la misma entrada, generalmente cuentan con una sola mariposa de acelerador, pero al final entra la misma cantidad de aire o mezcla en cada una de las cámaras de combustión, al igual que en los casos anteriores. En el estado de la técnica se conocen los motores descritos en las patentes US 4481922 A1 , FR 2495221 , US 3678905, EP2554828 A1 , US 3171395 en los que en todas ellas el colector de admisión está formado por dos conductos, siendo uno de los conductos un conducto principal del sistema de admisión, mientras que el otro conducto es un conducto suplementario del sistema de admisión principal, pero que en ningún caso funciona como admisión independiente. In some cases they could take two or more turbos, counting each of them with a different air intake or sharing the same entrance, usually have only one throttle butterfly, but in the end the same amount of air or mixture in each one enters. of the combustion chambers, as in the previous cases. In the state of the art, the motors described in patents US 4481922 A1, FR 2495221, US 3678905, EP2554828 A1, US 3171395 are known, in which in all of them the intake manifold is formed by two conduits, one of the conduits being a main conduit of the intake system, while the other conduit is a supplementary conduit of the main intake system, but which in no case functions as an independent intake.
La geometría del orificio de admisión está diseñado para permitir que la mezcla aire combustible sea reforzada con el objetivo de aumentar el aire o mezcla aunque a la misma presión y así aumentar a la misma presión la combustión del combustible en el interior de las cámaras de combustión, a modo de doble carburador. The geometry of the intake orifice is designed to allow the combustible air mixture to be reinforced in order to increase the air or mixture even at the same pressure and thus increase the combustion of the fuel inside the combustion chambers at the same pressure , like a double carburetor.
Por lo tanto, los motores conocidos en el estado de la técnica cuentan con un único sistema de admisión, diseñado en función de la potencia del motor. Por lo que un motor para una potencia determinada tiene diseñados la presión y volumen de aire, la apertura total de la válvula del acelerador y la inyección de combustible para dicha potencia. Por esta razón un motor de mayor potencia tiene un consumo mayor a más baja velocidad, que un motor de menor potencia a igualdad de cilindrada. Therefore, the engines known in the state of the art have a single intake system, designed according to the power of the engine. So a motor for a certain power has designed the pressure and volume of air, the total opening of the throttle valve and the fuel injection for said power. For this reason, a higher power motor has higher consumption at lower speed, than a less powerful motor with equal displacement.
Es decir los motores del estado de la técnica están limitados por la potencia de diseño, no siendo posible cambiar la potencia para la que han sido diseñados. Así, un motor de menor potencia, consumirá menos a más baja velocidad, pero tendrá menor capacidad de adelantamiento, mientras que un motor de mayor potencia consumirá más a más baja velocidad pero tendrá una mayor capacidad de adelantamiento. That is to say, the motors of the state of the art are limited by the power of design, and it is not possible to change the power for which they have been designed. Thus, a lower power motor will consume less at lower speed, but will have less overtaking capacity, while a higher power motor will consume more at lower speed but will have a greater overtaking capacity.
Por lo tanto, es objeto de la presente invención desarrollar un motor de combustión interna que ofrezca una multiplicidad de posibilidades de funcionamiento dando lugar a diferentes rangos de potencia, pudiendo seleccionar o combinar las diferentes formas de funcionamiento, desarrollando un motor de combustión interna como el que a continuación se describe y queda recogido en su esencialidad en la reivindicación primera. Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to develop an internal combustion engine that offers a multiplicity of operating possibilities giving rise to different ranges of power, being able to select or combine the different forms of operation, developing an internal combustion engine such as which is described below and is included in its essence in the first claim.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
La presente invención tiene por objeto resolver el problema expuesto, mediante un motor con múltiples admisiones de funcionamiento independiente y seleccionare cada una de las admisiones de manera individual o combinada, logrando en definitiva un motor de múltiples potencias con la misma cilindrada, y por lo tanto otros tantos rangos de consumo y reducción de la emisión de CO2 desde 0 a máxima revoluciones, en definitiva, conseguir con un solo motor que pueda funcionar como si tuviera diferentes potencias seleccionarles. The object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problem by means of a motor with multiple admissions of independent operation and to select each of the admissions individually or in combination, achieving ultimately a multi-power engine with the same displacement, and therefore as many ranges of consumption and reduction of CO2 emissions from 0 to maximum revolutions, in short, to achieve with a single engine that can operate as if it had different select powers.
El objetivo de la invención es diseñar un motor que trabaje y rinda como motores diferentes tanto de potencia máxima como de potencia distinta en cada rango de revoluciones, con el objetivo de adecuar el consumo y emisión de CO2 a cada circunstancia, por lo que la cantidad de aire suministrado a cada cámara de combustión dependerá de la potencia que se requiera en cada circunstancia y, en consecuencia, la cantidad de combustible inyectado y el CO2 expulsado estará en función de la cantidad de aire suministrado. The objective of the invention is to design an engine that works and performs as different engines of both maximum power and different power in each range of revolutions, with the aim of adapting the consumption and emission of CO2 to each circumstance, so that the quantity of air supplied to each combustion chamber will depend on the power required in each circumstance and, consequently, the amount of fuel injected and the CO2 expelled will be a function of the amount of air supplied.
Para ello, de acuerdo con la invención, el motor de combustión contará con dos o más admisiones múltiples de funcionamiento y selección independiente, que podrán ser de igual o diferente sección, para cada cámara de combustión. Las admisiones múltiples con las que cuenta el motor de combustión interna son seleccionares por el conductor de manera individual o de manera combinada, es decir en el caso de dos admisiones independientes el conductor podrá seleccionar una de las admisiones, que estará diseñada para una determinada potencia, o seleccionar una segunda admisión, que estará diseñada para una segunda potencia, diferente de la anterior, o bien seleccionar ambas admisiones con igual o diferente apertura de mariposa para conseguir un efecto diferente. En definitiva, se consigue un motor con una multiplicidad de diferentes potencias y en consecuencia de prestaciones, sin variar la cilindrada. For this, according to the invention, the combustion engine will have two or more multiple admissions of operation and independent selection, which may be of equal or different section, for each combustion chamber. The multiple admissions of the internal combustion engine are selected by the driver individually or in combination, that is, in the case of two independent admissions, the driver may select one of the admissions, which will be designed for a specific power. , or select a second admission, which will be designed for a second power, different from the previous one, or select both admissions with the same or different butterfly opening to achieve a different effect. In short, you get an engine with a multiplicity of different powers and as a result of performance, without changing the displacement.
La cantidad de aire máximo suministrado a cada cámara de combustión estará en función de las admisiones seleccionadas que sirven para que se alimente cada cámara de combustión del motor. The maximum amount of air supplied to each combustion chamber will be a function of the selected admissions that serve to power each combustion chamber of the engine.
Según una posible forma de realización, todas o parte de las admisiones o entradas de aire pueden partir de una cámara de toma de aire común, que dispondrá de una entrada de aire, dotada del correspondiente filtro, lo que nos daría siempre la misma presión de aire aunque con igual o diferente caudal. According to a possible embodiment, all or part of the admissions or air inlets can start from a common air intake chamber, which will have an air inlet, equipped with the corresponding filter, which would always give us the same pressure. air although with equal or different flow.
Según otra forma de realización cada una de las admisiones independientes puede contar con su propia admisión de aire, lo que permitiría, por ejemplo, que una de las admisiones fuera atmosférica, otra de las admisiones fuera por aire a presión mediante cualquiera de los sistemas conocidos, como turbo, compresor volumétrico, y otra a través de un depósito de aire o mezcla a presión fija o recargable etc., o cualquiera de las múltiples combinaciones que a un técnico se le pudieran ocurrir. De esta manera se introduce aire a diferente presión o volumen por cada admisión independiente seleccionada, y por tanto, diferente cantidad de aire por unidad de tiempo y, en consecuencia, diferente cantidad de combustible. According to another embodiment, each of the independent admissions can have its own air intake, which would allow, for example, one of the admissions to be atmospheric, another of the admissions to be by pressurized air by any of the known systems , like turbo, volumetric compressor, and another through a fixed or rechargeable air tank or pressure mix, etc., or any of the multiple combinations that a technician could come up with. In this way air is introduced at different pressure or volume for each selected independent intake, and therefore, different amount of air per unit of time and, consequently, different amount of fuel.
La selección de la admisión independiente elegida o la combinación de admisiones independientes deseada se podría llevar a cabo manualmente desde el puesto de conducción o de manera automática si se quisiera diseñar de este modo. The selection of the chosen independent admission or the desired combination of independent admissions could be carried out manually from the driving position or automatically if you wanted to design in this way.
Gracias al sistema descrito obtendremos diversas potencias con la misma cilindrada, menores consumos del motor y menores emisiones de CO2 a igualdad de recorrido del acelerador, solo con seleccionar o combinar las diferentes admisiones de funcionamiento independiente con las que cuenta el motor. Cada una de las admisiones puede también disponer de su correspondiente inyector de combustible, que entrará en funcionamiento cuando se seleccione la admisión correspondiente para el suministro de aire. Thanks to the described system we will obtain different powers with the same displacement, lower engine consumptions and lower CO2 emissions at equal throttle travel, just by selecting or combining the different independent operating admissions that the engine has. Each of the admissions can also have its corresponding fuel injector, which will come into operation when the corresponding intake for the air supply is selected.
Las admisiones independientes en una de las posibles formas de realización podrán confluir en un conducto común de entrada a la cámara de combustión y contar con un único inyector para el grupo de admisiones, donde el inyector inyectará el combustible en función de la admisión o admisiones independientes que hayan sido seleccionadas. Según otra posible forma de realización, cada cámara de combustión puede disponer de uno o más inyectores que alimentarán el combustible directamente, siendo la capacidad del único inyector o inyectores comunes regulables en función de la admisión o admisiones independientes seleccionadas a través de las que se suministra el aire, en cada caso, para adaptar el combustible inyectado al volumen de aire suministrado. The independent admissions in one of the possible embodiments may converge in a common inlet to the combustion chamber and have a single injector for the admissions group, where the injector will inject the fuel depending on the admission or independent admissions that have been selected. According to another possible embodiment, each combustion chamber can have one or more injectors that will feed the fuel directly, the capacity of the single common injector or adjustable injectors depending on the admission or selected independent admissions through which it is supplied the air, in each case, to adapt the injected fuel to the volume of air supplied.
Las diferentes admisiones que van a la cámara de combustión podrían desembocar de manera independiente, o conjunta en un único conducto antes de conectar con la cámara de combustión interna. The different admissions that go to the combustion chamber could end independently, or together in a single conduit before connecting with the internal combustion chamber.
Los inyectores pueden estar a la vez de manera individual sobre cada una de las admisiones múltiples y de manera conjunta bien sobre un conducto común en el que confluyen las admisiones en caso de que exista, o bien directamente sobre la cámara de combustión, funcionando uno u otro tipo de inyección, de manera individual o combinada según convenga. The injectors can be both individually on each of the multiple admissions and jointly either on a common conduit where admissions converge if there is one, or directly on the combustion chamber, one working or another type of injection, individually or combined as appropriate.
Cuando se cambia de una admisión a otra, la válvula o las válvulas de mariposa con las que cuenta la admisión de partida quedan cerradas, quedando operativas mediante el acelerador la válvula o válvulas de las admisiones o admisión seleccionada. When changing from one intake to another, the valve or throttle valves with which the starting admission is closed, the valve or valves of the admissions or admission selected being operative by means of the accelerator.
En cada una de las admisiones seleccionadas en caso de contar con dos válvulas de acelerador, se puede seleccionar el grado de apertura de una de ellas de manera fija y regular con la otra válvula. In each of the selected admissions in case of having two accelerator valves, the degree of opening of one of them can be selected in a fixed and regular way with the other valve.
En consecuencia, gracias al sistema de admisiones múltiples independientes seleccionares de manera individual o combinada se consigue un motor de combustión interna de diferentes potencias con la misma cilindrada, según la admisión o admisiones seleccionadas, lo que permite obtener potencias diferentes, consumos inferiores y emisiones de CO2 menores. Consequently, thanks to the system of multiple independent admissions, individually or in combination, an internal combustion engine of different powers with the same displacement is achieved, depending on the admission or selected admissions, which allows obtaining different powers, lower consumption and lower CO2 emissions.
EXPLICACION DE LAS FIGURAS EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente. To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented.
En la figura 1 , podemos observar una posible realización de la invención con dos admisiones independientes una atmosférica, otra con aire a presión por cualquier sistema turbo, compresor volumétrico y otra desde un depósito a presión recargable o no.. REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN. In Figure 1, we can observe a possible embodiment of the invention with two independent admissions one atmospheric, another with air pressure by any turbo system, volumetric compressor and another from a rechargeable pressure reservoir or not .. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION.
A la vista de las figuras se describe seguidamente un modo de realización preferente de la invención propuesta. En la figura 1 podemos observar una cámara de combustión (1 ) de un motor de combustión interna. La cámara de combustión (1 ) cuenta con su correspondiente pistón (2) desplazable en el interior de la cámara y a la que está conectada una tobera de gases de escape (3), y una serie de admisiones independientes bien a través de un único conducto de forma conjunta o bien de manera separada. In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below. In figure 1 we can see a combustion chamber (1) of an internal combustion engine. The combustion chamber (1) has its corresponding piston (2) movable inside the chamber and to which an exhaust gas nozzle (3) is connected, and a series of independent admissions through a single duct jointly or separately.
El motor representado en la realización mostrada, que no tiene porqué considerase de manera limitativa, sino ejemplificativa de la esencia de la invención, cuenta con tres admisiones independientes, una admisión con aire a presión, bien mediante turbo (4) o compresor volumétrico, una admisión atmosférica (5), y otra admisión (18) desde un depósito a presión (19) The engine shown in the embodiment shown, which does not have to be considered as limiting, but exemplary of the essence of the invention, has three independent admissions, an intake with air pressure, either by turbo (4) or volumetric compressor, a atmospheric admission (5), and other admission (18) from a pressure reservoir (19)
La admisión independiente tipo turbo (4) cuenta con una entrada de aire (12) seguida de un turbo (1 1 ), disponiendo a continuación de un radiador o "intercooler" (10) para enfriar el aire de entrada, a continuación se dispone la válvula de mariposa del acelerador y del ralentí (9) seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (8), tras la cual se puede colocar de manera alternativa o complementaria a la válvula de mariposa del acelerador y del ralentí (9) una segunda válvula de acelerador (7), seguido de un inyector (6), para finalmente desembocar al interior de la cámara de combustión (1 ). The independent intake type turbo (4) has an air inlet (12) followed by a turbo (1 1), then having a radiator or "intercooler" (10) to cool the air inlet, then available the throttle and idle throttle valve (9) followed by a pressure distribution chamber (8), after which a second one can be alternatively or complementary to the throttle and idle throttle valve (9) throttle valve (7), followed by an injector (6), to finally open to the interior of the combustion chamber (1).
La admisión independiente atmosférica (5) comprende una toma de aire (14) seguida de un filtro de aire (13), a cuya salida se dispone una válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (14), seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (15) a cuya salida, al igual que en la admisión turbo, puede disponerse de manera alternativa o complementaria a la primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador (14), una segunda válvula de acelerador (1 6) seguida de un inyector (1 7) de uso exclusivo para esta admisión independiente. La admisión independiente por medio de un depósito de aire o aire-mezcla a presión (1 8) comprende un depósito a presión (19) que es recargable mediante unos medios de recarga (20) y que cuenta con una válvula de descarga (21 ) regulada, bien manual o automáticamente en función de la presión o volumen que se desee suministrar, pudiendo actuar esta admisión sola o en combinación con otras admisiones independientemente del tipo que sean. The independent atmospheric intake (5) comprises an air intake (14) followed by an air filter (13), at the outlet of which there is an accelerator and idle throttle valve (14), followed by a water distribution chamber. pressure (15) whose output, as in the turbo admission, alternatively or complementary to the first throttle valve (14), a second throttle valve (1 6) followed by an injector (17) for exclusive use for this independent intake can be arranged. The independent intake by means of an air or air-pressure mixing tank (1 8) comprises a pressure tank (19) which is rechargeable by means of recharging means (20) and which has a discharge valve (21) regulated, either manually or automatically depending on the pressure or volume that is desired to supply, this admission can act alone or in combination with other admissions regardless of the type that they are.
Al igual que las otras admisiones, esta admisión desde un depósito a presión (1 9) comprende de una válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (21 ), seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (22) a cuya salida, al igual que en la admisión turbo, puede disponerse de manera alternativa o complementaria a la primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador (21 ), una segunda válvula de acelerador (23) seguida de un inyector (24) de uso exclusivo para esta admisión independiente La disposición y uso de las segundas válvulas de mariposa del acelerador (7), (1 6) y (23) que están más próximas a la cámara de combustión facilitan la rapidez de entrada de aire a la cámara de combustión tras el accionamiento del acelerador. El conductor o una programación específica harán accionar una u otra mariposa según convenga. Like the other admissions, this admission from a pressurized reservoir (1 9) comprises of an accelerator and idle throttle valve (21), followed by a pressure distribution chamber (22) at whose exit, as that in the turbo admission, alternatively or in addition to the first throttle valve (21), a second throttle valve (23) followed by an injector (24) for exclusive use for this independent intake can be arranged use of the second throttle butterfly valves (7), (1 6) and (23) which are closer to the combustion chamber facilitate the rapidity of air entering the combustion chamber after the accelerator is actuated. The driver or a specific schedule will trigger one or another butterfly as appropriate.
Teniendo dos o más mariposas de acelerador en el mismo sistema nos permite tener abierta completamente una y que se accione sobre la otra, o tener una abierta de manera parcial y con la otra actuar con lo que conseguimos regular mejor la cantidad de aire de cada admisión. Having two or more throttle butterflies in the same system allows us to have completely open one and to act on the other, or to have one open partially and with the other act with what we get to better regulate the amount of air of each admission .
Como anteriormente se ha indicado puede haber admisiones independientes múltiples, pudiendo ser seleccionadas de manera independiente o de forma combinada. Las admisiones independientes pueden entrar de forma separada en la cámara de combustión o de forma conjunta a través de un único conducto, o cualquier otra combinación. As previously indicated, there may be multiple independent admissions, which may be selected independently or in combination. Independent admissions may enter separately in the combustion chamber or jointly through a single duct, or any other combination.
Las tomas o entradas de aire de las admisiones independientes pueden partir de una admisión conjunta para todas las admisiones o pueden ser entradas o tomas de aire independientes para cada una de las admisiones. The intakes or air intakes of the independent admissions can start from a joint admission for all the admissions or they can be separate entrances or air intakes for each one of the admissions.
El inyector de combustible podrá ser uno o varios para cada admisión independiente, o para el conjunto de admisiones independientes, bien dispuesto en un posible conducto de confluencia común de dichas admisiones y antes de la entrada a la cámara de combustión o bien en la propia cámara de combustión, independientemente de cómo entren en la cámara de combustión las admisiones, bien de forma conjunta o separada, pero el funcionamiento del o de los inyectores que hubieran sería en función de las admisiones seleccionadas. Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, se hace constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba, siempre que no altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. The fuel injector may be one or several for each independent intake, or for the set of independent admissions, well disposed in a possible common confluence pipe of said admissions and before the entrance to the combustion chamber or in the chamber itself of combustion, regardless of how admissions enter the combustion chamber, either jointly or separately, but the functioning of the injectors that would have been would depend on the admissions selected. Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the manner of putting it into practice, it is noted that, within its essentiality, it may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example. , and to which it will also reach the protection that is sought, as long as it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . - Motor de combustión interna que comprende una o más cámaras de combustión, caracterizado porque en al menos una de las cámaras de combustión del motor de combustión interna cuenta con al menos dos admisiones de funcionamiento independiente y seleccionare cada una de ellas de manera individual o combinada. one . - Internal combustion engine comprising one or more combustion chambers, characterized in that in at least one of the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine has at least two admissions of independent operation and select each of them individually or combined .
2. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque alguna o todas las admisiones independientes son atmosféricas. 2. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that some or all of the independent admissions are atmospheric.
3. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 ó 2 caracterizado porque alguna o todas las admisiones independientes son por aire a presión mediante turbo, compresor volumétrico, o por turbocompresor por depósito a presión fijo o recargable 3. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that some or all of the independent admissions are by pressurized air by turbo, volumetric compressor, or by turbocharger by fixed or rechargeable pressure reservoir
4. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 ,2 ó 3 caracterizado porque alguna o todas las admisiones independientes lo son mediante un depósito a presión con válvula de descarga regulable bien manual o automáticamente. 4. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that some or all of the independent admissions are by means of a pressure tank with discharge valve that can be adjusted manually or automatically.
5. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque las admisiones independientes cuentan con uno o varios inyectores asociados a cada admisión independiente. 5. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that the independent admissions have one or more injectors associated with each independent intake.
6. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque las admisiones independientes cuentan con uno o varios inyectores conjuntos para todas las admisiones independientes. 6. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that the independent admissions have one or several joint injectors for all independent admissions.
7.- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque el inyector o inyectores conjuntos para todas las admisiones independientes, está o están dispuestos antes de la entrada a la cámara de combustión en un conducto común en el que confluyen las admisiones independientes, donde el inyector o inyectores inyectarán el combustible en función de la admisión o admisiones independientes que hayan sido seleccionadas. 7. Internal combustion engine, according to claim 6, characterized in that the joint injector or injectors for all independent admissions, is or are arranged before the entrance to the combustion chamber in a common conduit in which the independent admissions converge, where the injector or injectors will inject the fuel depending on the admission or independent admissions that have been selected.
8. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque el inyector o inyectores conjuntos para todas las admisiones independientes, está o están dispuestos en la cámara de combustión en el que confluyen las admisiones independientes en la cámara de combustión de manera conjunta o separada, donde el inyector o inyectores inyectarán el combustible en función de la admisión o admisiones independientes que hayan sido seleccionadas. 8. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 6 characterized in that the joint injector or injectors for all independent admissions, is or are arranged in the combustion chamber in which separate admissions to the combustion chamber converge together or separate, where the injector or injectors will inject the fuel depending on the admission or independent admissions that have been selected.
9. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque las admisiones independientes cuentan con uno o varios inyectores asociados a cada admisión independiente y además con uno o varios inyectores conjuntos para todas las admisiones, seleccionando uno u otro o ambos según convenga. 9. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that the independent admissions have one or several injectors associated with each independent admission and also with one or several joint injectors for all admissions, selecting one or the other or both as appropriate.
10.- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque cada admisión independiente cuenta con su propia entrada de aire individual. 10. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that each independent intake has its own individual air inlet.
1 1 .- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque todas las admisiones independientes cuentan con una entrada de aire común a todas o a algunas de las admisiones independientes. 1 .- Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that all independent admissions have an air intake common to all or some of the independent admissions.
12. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque todas las admisiones independientes cuentan con una válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (9), (14), (21 ) 12. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that all independent admissions have a throttle and idle throttle valve (9), (14), (21)
13. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 2 caracterizado porque una o varias de las admisiones independientes cuentan con una primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (9), (14), (21 ) y adicionalmente de una segunda válvula de acelerador (7), (1 6) (23) dispuesta entre la primera válvula y antes de la entrada a la cámara de combustión interna. 13. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 2 characterized in that one or more of the independent admissions have a first throttle and idle throttle valve (9), (14), (21) and additionally a second throttle valve (7), (1 6) (23) disposed between the first valve and before entry to the internal combustion chamber.
14.- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 2 caracterizado porque cuando se cambia de una admisión a otra, la válvula o las válvulas de mariposa con las que contaba la admisión de partida quedan cerradas, quedando operativas mediante el acelerador la válvula o válvulas de las admisiones o admisión seleccionada. 14. Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 2 characterized in that when changing from one intake to another, the valve or butterfly valves that had the initial intake are closed, being operational by the accelerator valve or Valves of the admissions or admission selected.
15. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 2 caracterizado porque en cada una de las admisiones seleccionadas en caso de contar con dos válvulas de acelerador, se puede seleccionar el grado de apertura de una de ellas de manera fija y regular con la otra válvula. 15. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 2 characterized in that in each of the admissions selected in case of having two throttle valves, the degree of opening of one of them can be selected in a fixed and regular manner with the another valve.
16. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque todas las admisiones independientes cuentan solamente con una válvula de mariposa de acelerador (7), (1 6), (23) dispuesta antes de la entrada a la cámara de combustión interna, entre la cámara de distribución de aire y la cámara de combustión. 16. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that all independent admissions have only one throttle valve (7), (1 6), (23) arranged before the entrance to the internal combustion chamber , between the air distribution chamber and the combustion chamber.
17. - Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque una admisión independiente tipo turbo (4) cuenta con una entrada de aire (1 2) seguida de un sistema por aire a presión (1 1 ) (mediante turbo, compresor volumétrico etc.), disponiendo a continuación de un radiador o "intercooler" (1 0) para enfriar el aire de entrada, a continuación se dispone de una primera válvula de mariposa del acelerador y del ralentí (9) seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (8), tras la cual se puede disponer de manera alternativa o complementaria a la válvula de mariposa del acelerador y del ralentí (9) de una segunda válvula de acelerador (7). 17. - Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that a turbo independent admission (4) has an air inlet (1 2) followed by a system by air pressure (1 1) (by turbo, volumetric compressor etc.), then having a radiator or "intercooler" (1 0) to cool the inlet air, then a first throttle and idle throttle valve (9) followed by a water distribution chamber. pressure (8), after which it can be arranged alternatively or complementary to the throttle valve and the idle (9) of a second throttle valve (7).
18- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque una admisión independiente tipo atmosférica (5) comprende una toma de aire (14) seguida de un filtro de aire (1 3), a cuya salida se dispone de una primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (14), seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (15) a cuya salida, puede disponerse de manera alternativa o complementaria a la primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador (14), de una segunda válvula de acelerador (16). 19.- Motor de combustión interna, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque una admisión independiente desde un depósito a presión comprende un depósito a presión (19) recargable mediante unos medios de recarga (20) y que cuenta con una válvula de descarga (21 ) regulada, bien manual o automáticamente, a continuación del depósito a presión (19) se dispone; de una primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador y de ralentí (21 ), seguida de una cámara de distribución de presión (22) a cuya salida, de manera alternativa o complementaria a la primera válvula de mariposa de acelerador (21 ), una segunda válvula de acelerador (23) seguida de un inyector (24) de uso exclusivo para esta admisión independiente. 18- Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that an independent intake type (5) includes an air intake (14) followed by an air filter (1 3), to whose outlet is disposed a first air valve. throttle and idle throttle (14), followed by a pressure distribution chamber (15) to whose outlet, alternatively or complementary to the first throttle valve (14), can be disposed of a second accelerator valve (16). 19. Internal combustion engine, according to claim 1 characterized in that an independent intake from a pressure tank comprises a pressure reservoir (19) rechargeable by recharging means (20) and having a discharge valve (21) regulated, either manually or automatically, after the pressure tank (19) is available; of a first throttle and idle throttle valve (21), followed by a pressure distribution chamber (22) to whose outlet, alternatively or in addition to the first throttle throttle valve (21), a second valve of accelerator (23) followed by an injector (24) for exclusive use for this independent admission.
PCT/ES2013/070828 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 Internal combustion engine with multiple independent intakes WO2015079078A1 (en)

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