WO2015072029A1 - Controller, energy management system, power equipment, energy management method, and program - Google Patents

Controller, energy management system, power equipment, energy management method, and program Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015072029A1
WO2015072029A1 PCT/JP2013/081008 JP2013081008W WO2015072029A1 WO 2015072029 A1 WO2015072029 A1 WO 2015072029A1 JP 2013081008 W JP2013081008 W JP 2013081008W WO 2015072029 A1 WO2015072029 A1 WO 2015072029A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
schedule
time
control unit
power
user
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/081008
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正之 小松
裕信 矢野
矢部　正明
聡司 峯澤
一郎 丸山
遠藤　聡
雄喜 小川
香 佐藤
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2015547364A priority Critical patent/JP6161723B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2013/081008 priority patent/WO2015072029A1/en
Publication of WO2015072029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015072029A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00004—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the power network being locally controlled
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a controller, an energy management system, an electric power device, an energy management method, and a program for managing electric power in a house.
  • a HEMS Home Energy Management System
  • the HEMS includes a power generation system using natural energy such as solar power generation, and a power storage system that stores power generated by the power generation system and power from a commercial power source.
  • the HEMS can supply power to devices by linking a power generation system and a power storage system in a house and a commercial power supply, or can operate independently by disconnecting a power line in the house from the commercial power supply.
  • the amount of power consumed by the device, the amount of power generated by the power generation system, and the amount of power stored in the power storage system change sequentially depending on the use of the device, time zone, weather, switching between cooperation and independence. At that time, surplus may occur in the electric power generated by the power generation system.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a system that operates a device and consumes surplus power when surplus power is generated. According to Patent Literature 1, the system predicts a time when surplus power is generated and a surplus power amount, and selects a combination of devices that can use the predicted surplus power amount most efficiently.
  • the combination of devices is selected according to the surplus power, and the user's schedule and preferences are not considered. Accordingly, just because the surplus power can be consumed most efficiently does not necessarily mean that the device is conveniently controlled by the user.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce a power generation waste loss and conveniently use surplus power for a user, an energy management system, a power device, an energy management method, and The purpose is to provide a program.
  • a controller provides: A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a user and a time input by the user; A determination unit for determining a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule; A control unit that controls the identified device at a time associated with the schedule; With When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and controls the determined device. Let the device start at an earlier time.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an energy management system 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the energy management system 1 monitors the power consumption, state, and the like of various devices installed in a house (inside a customer) and controls the operation of various devices.
  • the HEMS controller 100 controls the entire energy management system 1.
  • the HEMS controller 100 communicates with a device 160 installed in a home such as an air conditioner (described as 160A, 160B, 160C, 160D in FIG. 1) by wireless or wired, and acquires information indicating the state of the device 160. .
  • the HEMS controller 100 acquires information such as the temperature set in the air conditioner, the setting of cooling and heating in the air conditioner, and whether or not the television receiver is turned on.
  • the device 160 operates with electric power.
  • the device 160 is, for example, an air conditioner, a television receiver, a floor heating system, a hot water supply system, a ventilation system, a refrigerator, a lighting fixture, or an IH (Induction Heating) cooking heater.
  • an air conditioner for example, an air conditioner, a television receiver, a floor heating system, a hot water supply system, a ventilation system, a refrigerator, a lighting fixture, or an IH (Induction Heating) cooking heater.
  • IH Induction Heating
  • the HEMS controller 100 causes the device 160 to execute processing based on information indicating the state acquired from the device 160.
  • the HEMS controller 100 operates the device 160 according to the operation mode switched by the distribution board 140.
  • the cooperation mode in addition to power from the commercial power source, power generated by the power generation system 120 and power stored by the power storage system 130 can be supplied to the home.
  • the power generated by the power generation system 120 can be supplied to a commercial power source (sold to a power company or the like).
  • the HEMS controller 100 restricts the functions that can be used by the device 160 so that the user can use the device 160 and the like for as long as possible while suppressing the power consumption of the entire energy management system 1. Details will be described later.
  • Switching of the operation mode is performed by the distribution board 140 based on the measurement result indicating the supply state of power from the commercial power source.
  • the linkage mode is set when the commercial power supply is not interrupted, and the self-sustained mode is set when a commercial power failure is detected.
  • the power conditioner 110 includes a control unit 111, a DC / AC switching device (PCS) 112, and a bidirectional PCS 113.
  • PCS DC / AC switching device
  • the control unit 111 controls charging and discharging by the PCS 112 and the bidirectional PCS 113.
  • the PCS 112 converts the direct current generated by the power generation system 120 into an alternating current and supplies it to the power line 170.
  • the bidirectional PCS 113 supplies the direct current generated by the power generation system 120 to the power storage system 130 or converts the alternating current supplied from the commercial power source into a direct current and supplies the direct current to the power storage system 130. In addition, the bidirectional PCS 113 converts the electric power stored in the power storage system 130 into an alternating current and supplies it to the power line 170.
  • the power generation system 120 generates power by solar power generation.
  • the power generation method is not limited by the present invention.
  • the power storage system 130 stores the power generated by the power generation system 120 and the power supplied from the commercial power source.
  • An electric vehicle can also be used as part of the power storage system 130.
  • the distribution board 140 includes a plurality of breakers, and connects the commercial power supply and the power line 170.
  • the commercial power source and the power line 170 can be connected or disconnected by opening and closing the main breaker.
  • the power line 170 is branched to each room in the house by a branch breaker connected to each branch circuit branched from the distribution board 140.
  • the measuring unit 150 measures the amount of power consumed in the home and the amount of power generated by the power generation system 120.
  • the input unit 201 includes input devices such as a keyboard and buttons.
  • the input unit 201 receives an instruction input from the user.
  • the display unit 202 includes a display device such as a display.
  • the storage unit 203 includes a nonvolatile memory.
  • the storage unit 203 includes a layout definition table 300 for defining the layout of the room in the house shown in FIG. 3A and each device or system to be controlled by the HEMS controller 100 shown in FIG. 4A.
  • a device-room association table 400 that defines installation locations in the home
  • a room-user association table 500 that defines associations between devices and systems and users shown in FIG. 5A
  • a schedule table 600 shown in FIG. Remember. Details will be described later.
  • the communication unit 204 includes a NIC (Network Interface Card) and communicates with the device 160 and the measurement unit 150.
  • NIC Network Interface Card
  • the control unit 205 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores programs such as an operating system, a RAM (Random Access Memory) serving as a work area, and the like.
  • the control unit 205 executes the program stored in the storage unit 203 and controls the entire HEMS controller 100.
  • HEMS controller 100 a general server, mainframe, personal computer, or the like can be used.
  • FIG. 3A shows a configuration example of a layout definition table 300 in a two-story single-family house.
  • the layout definition table 300 stores a room identification number, the number of floors in which the room is located, the name of the room, and the size of the room in association with each other.
  • the control unit 205 can appropriately change the layout definition table 300 based on an input from the user.
  • FIG. 3B shows a configuration example of a screen that accepts input of basic information from the user in the energy management system 1.
  • This screen is displayed on the liquid crystal display when the energy management system 1 is set up, for example.
  • the user uses this screen to input basic information such as a house layout and family structure.
  • the control unit 205 creates or updates the layout definition table 400 based on the input content from the user.
  • FIG. 4A shows a configuration example of the device-room association table 400.
  • the identification number of the device 160 installed in the room and the name of the device 160 are stored in association with the identification number of the room.
  • a characteristic value such as the rated power of the device 160 may be further stored.
  • the user when the user purchases a new device 160 and installs it in a room, the user operates the HEMS controller 100 to display a screen for editing the device-room association table 400, and the room and device in which the device 160 is installed. Enter a name of 160 or the like.
  • the control unit 205 appropriately changes the device-room association table 400 based on input from the user.
  • FIG. 4B shows a configuration example of a screen on which the user inputs the association between the room and the device 160.
  • the user drags and moves an icon 401 representing the device 160 (three icons 401A, 401B, and 401C in the figure) into a frame representing the installed room.
  • the control unit 205 generates or updates the device-room association table 400 based on an input from the user.
  • the HEMS controller 100 may update the device-room association table 400 by acquiring information from a server on the outside network.
  • the HEMS controller 100 receives an input of the model number and serial number of the device 160 from the user and transmits it to the server, and the server acquires a characteristic value such as the rated power of the device 160 corresponding to the model number and serial number from the server.
  • the device-room association table 400 may be updated using the characteristic value acquired from the server by the HEMS controller 100.
  • the control unit 205 arranges an image representing the air conditioner in the living area.
  • the image representing the device 160 does not have to faithfully reproduce the appearance of the device 160 actually installed by the user. Further, the position where the image is arranged does not have to faithfully reproduce the place where the user actually installed.
  • FIG. 5A shows a configuration example of the room-user association table 500.
  • the room-user association table 500 stores information indicating the person who mainly uses the room in association with the identification number of the room. For example, the living room having the identification number “103” is associated with four persons, a father, a mother, a son, and a daughter.
  • FIG. 5B shows a configuration example of a screen for inputting a correspondence between a room and a user.
  • the user drags and moves icons 501 representing the users (in the figure, 501A, 501B, and 501C) into a frame representing the room, and designates a user who mainly uses the room.
  • the control unit 205 generates or updates the room-user association table 500 based on the input content using this screen.
  • the device-room association table 400 and the room-user association table 500 are combined, since the room identification number is a common key, the correspondence between the device 160 and the user can be obtained.
  • the study with the identification number “102” includes the air conditioner with the identification number “0001” and the home appliance (the television receiver) with the identification number “0002”. TV) and the floor heating system with the identification number “0003” are associated with each other.
  • “Father” is associated with the study with the identification number “102”. Therefore, the control unit 205 associates three of the air conditioner with the identification number “0001”, the home appliance with the identification number “0002”, and the floor heating system with the identification number “0003” with “Father”. Determine. Similarly, the control unit 205 determines a user associated with the device 160 for all the devices 160.
  • FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the schedule table 600.
  • the schedule table 600 is input by the user using the input unit 201 or the terminal device (not shown) of the HEMS controller 100 and stored in the storage unit 203.
  • One schedule is associated with the user, the contents of the schedule, the start date / time of the schedule, and the end date / time of the schedule.
  • the control unit 205 of the HEMS controller 100 can control the device 160 based on the schedule stored in the schedule table 600. For example, according to the schedule table 600 shown in FIG. 6, “Father” will be away from work at home from 7:30 on October 31, 2013 to 19:30 on October 31, 2013. Is included. Therefore, the control unit 205 stops the cooling of the air conditioner installed in the room “study (identification number 102)” associated only with “father” at the scheduled start date and time.
  • a schedule with which a specific device 160 is associated may be registered in the schedule table 600.
  • the control unit 205 causes the device 160 to start executing the set processing when the start date / time of the schedule associated with the specific device 160 is reached.
  • the control unit 205 causes the device 160 to end the execution of the process set for the device 160.
  • the control unit 205 does not need to refer to the device-room association table 400 and the room-user association table 500.
  • the amount of power generated by the power generation system 120 varies depending on the weather, time zone, and the like. Further, the amount of power stored in the power storage system 130 varies depending on the operation status of the device 160, the operation mode of the energy management system 1, and the like.
  • the HEMS controller 100 of the present embodiment When power generation by the power generation system 120 is possible and there is a surplus capacity in the power storage system 130, electricity generated by the power generation system 120 can be stored in the power storage system 130. However, there is a limit to the amount of power that can be stored. If there is no free capacity in the power storage system 130, power cannot be stored, and there is a possibility that an electric waste loss will occur. Therefore, the HEMS controller 100 of the present embodiment generates as little loss as possible by changing the operation schedule of the device 160 or adjusting the operation mode of the device 160.
  • the control unit 205 refers to the schedule registered in the schedule table 600, and the device 160 set by the schedule.
  • the device 160 is made to consume surplus power by accelerating the time at which the operation starts. In the following description, that the HEMS controller 100 advances the start time of the schedule set by the user is expressed as “schedule ahead”.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a schedule registered in the schedule table 600.
  • a scheduled start time T2 and an end time T4 are set in association with the user U1.
  • the control unit 205 determines a room associated with the user U1 based on the room-user association table 500. Further, the control unit 205 determines the device P associated with the determined room based on the device-room association table 400. That is, the control unit 205 determines that the target to be controlled according to the schedule S1 is the device P.
  • a scheduled start time T3 and an end time T5 are set in association with the device Q.
  • the object to be controlled according to the schedule S2 is the device Q.
  • control unit 205 determines that surplus power has occurred at time T1 earlier than the start time T2 set in the schedule S1
  • the control unit 205 is classified into a group that is allowed to advance (hereinafter referred to as “permitted group”). Determine if there is a schedule.
  • the schedule includes a schedule that is classified into a permitted group that is allowed to be advanced and a schedule that is classified as a group that is not allowed to be advanced (hereinafter referred to as “non-permitted group”).
  • Permission schedules are grouped with schedules that are associated with processing that can realize a more comfortable living environment for the user by advancing the start time without affecting the user's life even if the start time is advanced. It is desirable that a schedule for performing a process having a high effect of storing energy is classified into a permission group. For example, schedules such as advancing the time for starting cooling and heating, advancing the time for starting cooling water in the hot water supply system, and the like are classified into the permission group.
  • the control unit 205 is a schedule in which the start time is set within a preset time width after the time when the surplus power is generated and after the time when the surplus power is generated. Classify schedules into allowed groups. This time width serving as the threshold may be determined in advance by the control unit 205 or may be designated by the user.
  • the control unit 205 classifies the schedule for starting heating into a permission group. However, the control unit 205 classifies the schedule for starting the heating into the non-permitted group if the start time is set in addition to the preset time width from the time when the surplus power is generated.
  • schedules that do not necessarily realize a comfortable environment for the user and advance a waste of electricity are classified by advancing the start time.
  • the schedule for turning on the lighting device is usually meaningless if the user is absent or in the daytime, even if the start time is advanced.
  • the effect of storing energy is small. Therefore, in this embodiment, the schedule for lighting the lighting device is classified into the non-permitted group.
  • the control unit 205 When surplus power is generated and a schedule that is classified into a permission group is registered, the control unit 205 first advances the schedule associated with the user among all schedules included in the permission group. Candidate for schedule. When there are a plurality of schedules associated with the user, each of the plurality of schedules is a candidate.
  • the control unit 205 selects at least one schedule from the candidates. Then, the control unit 205 advances the start time of the selected schedule.
  • the control unit 205 selects the schedule S1 associated with the user as the schedule to be brought forward.
  • the control unit 205 changes the time T1 earlier than the start time T2 set in the schedule S1 to the start time of the schedule S1. That is, execution of the process associated with the schedule S1 is started at time T1 when surplus power is generated.
  • control unit 205 advances the schedule one by one in accordance with a predetermined priority order, and repeats the advance until all surplus power is consumed. Good.
  • control unit 205 sets a schedule associated with the device 160 among all schedules included in the permission group as a schedule candidate to be moved forward.
  • each of the plurality of schedules is a candidate.
  • control unit 205 selects at least one schedule from the candidates, and advances the start time of the selected schedule.
  • control unit 205 selects the schedule S2 associated with the device Q when there is surplus power after the schedule S1 is moved forward at time T1 and the process is started.
  • the control unit 205 further advances the schedule S2.
  • the schedule with which the user is associated is advanced with priority over the schedule with which the device 160 is associated.
  • the control unit 205 may advance the schedule associated with the device 160 in preference to the schedule associated with the user.
  • the energy management system 1 further includes a sensor that detects whether or not there is a user in the house, and the control unit 205 determines that the user exists in the house (there is a family member in the house). Priority is given to the schedule with which the user is associated, and if it is determined that there is no user in the house (the whole family is out), the schedule with which the device 160 is associated is prioritized. May be.
  • the control unit 205 may detect the user with an infrared sensor, or may detect the user based on whether a tag owned by the user can communicate with the HEMS controller 100 or not.
  • the control unit 205 may classify the schedule into a permitted group or a non-permitted group based on an input from the user. For example, on the screen that accepts schedule input, the control unit 205 may accept an input designating whether or not to allow advance for each schedule, and classify the schedule based on the accepted input.
  • control unit 205 may classify the schedule into a permitted group or a non-permitted group according to the content of the schedule. For example, when a schedule associated with the start of cooling or the start of heating is registered, the control unit 205 automatically classifies the schedule into a permission group, and the schedule associated with lighting lighting is registered. In some cases, the schedule may be automatically classified into an unauthorized group.
  • control unit 205 classifies schedules in which the start time is set within a preset time range from the current date and time into a permission group, and the start time is set within a preset time range from the current date and time. Unscheduled schedules may be classified into non-permitted groups.
  • the surplus duration time is estimated by the control unit 205 based on, for example, the date and time when surplus power occurs, the weather, temperature, and humidity when surplus power occurs, the past actual value of power consumption by the device 160, and the like.
  • the control unit 205 acquires the sunset time, that is, the time when power generation can no longer be performed from a database stored in the storage unit 203 in advance.
  • the control unit 205 estimates the time from the time when the surplus power is generated to the time of sunset as the maximum value of the surplus duration.
  • the control unit 205 determines that the surplus power is temporary and does not continue for a long time, and does not advance the schedule.
  • the estimated maximum value of the duration time is larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the generation of surplus power is not temporary and may continue for a long time, and the schedule classified into the permission group is advanced.
  • control unit 205 may acquire weather information including a weather forecast from a server on an external network such as the Internet, and estimate the surplus duration based on the acquired weather information.
  • the control unit 205 determines that the surplus will not last long even if the surplus occurs, and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, if the estimated surplus duration is equal to or greater than the threshold, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus continues for a long time, and advances the schedule classified into the permission group.
  • the threshold may be determined by the control unit 205 or may be specified by the user.
  • control unit 205 acquires the temperature and humidity measured by the thermometer and hygrometer installed in the energy management system 1, and estimates the surplus duration based on the acquired temperature and humidity. Good.
  • the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus does not last long and does not advance the schedule.
  • the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus will last for a long time, and advances the schedule classified into the permission group.
  • the reference value may be determined by the control unit 205 or specified by the user.
  • control unit 205 determines that the surplus duration is based on the date and time, the weather, or the like as described above when there is no user in the house. It is possible to determine whether to advance the schedule based on the estimation result.
  • control unit 205 may store a history representing the transition of the past power consumption by the device 160 in the storage unit 203, and when surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 may estimate the surplus duration based on this history.
  • the control unit 205 determines that the surplus duration is short if the power consumption tends to increase around the same time in the past, and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus will continue for a long time if the power consumption tends to decrease or the surplus continues around the same time in the past, and advances the schedule classified into the permitted group. .
  • control unit 205 determines that the increase in power consumption per unit time is greater than the reference value, and determines that the increase is not greater than the reference value. Is determined.
  • the reference value may be determined by the control unit 205 or specified by the user.
  • the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus generated at time T1 will continue in the future, and sets the schedule S1 classified into the permission group. Move forward.
  • control unit 205 may determine that the power consumption does not increase even if the slope of the approximate straight line 800 is a positive value as long as it is equal to or less than a predetermined allowable value.
  • the control unit 205 may cancel the energy saving mode in which the capability of the device P is limited, and shift to the normal mode in which the capability of the device P is not limited, instead of moving forward the schedule.
  • the HEMS controller 100 can reduce the power loss loss while canceling the energy saving mode and realizing an ideal environment for the user.
  • the HEMS controller 100 can control the device according to the user's preference.
  • the user may voluntarily reduce the capability of the device 160 in consideration of energy saving. For example, the user may be willing to cool more if possible, but may endure with a higher temperature set to reduce electricity bills. Therefore, in the case where surplus power is generated and it is estimated that there is an opening between the setting that the user considers ideal and the current setting, the user is requested to fill in the opening. Move closer to the ideal setting.
  • the control unit 205 stores the operation history of the device 160 in the storage unit 203 as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows an operation history of the air conditioner.
  • the operation history is information in which the date and time when the process is executed and the process content are associated with each other.
  • the control unit 205 stores not only the operation history of the device 160 when instructed by the HEMS controller 100 but also the operation history of the device 160 when instructed by the user in the storage unit 203.
  • the control unit 205 estimates a setting that the user considers ideal based on the operation history stored in the storage unit 203.
  • the control unit 205 is the most ideal for the user. It is estimated that the set temperature during cooling is 27 degrees.
  • the control unit 205 determines whether or not there is a gap between the current set temperature (28 degrees) and the estimated ideal temperature (27 degrees). In this case, the temperature opening is 1 degree. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to lower the set temperature once in order to eliminate this opening. However, when the current set temperature is lower than the estimated ideal temperature, the control unit 205 does not change the set temperature.
  • control unit 205 estimates that the most ideal setting temperature at the time of heating is 20 degrees.
  • the control unit 205 determines whether or not there is a gap between the current set temperature (18 degrees) and the estimated ideal temperature (20 degrees). In this case, the temperature opening is 2 degrees. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to raise the set temperature twice in order to eliminate this opening. However, when the current set temperature is higher than the estimated ideal temperature, the control unit 205 does not change the set temperature.
  • the control unit 205 may treat the temperature specified in advance by the user as the ideal set temperature for the user, instead of estimating the ideal set temperature for the user based on the operation history.
  • the parameter representing the ideal environment for the user may be represented by a combination of temperature and brightness. For example, when the cooling is set to 27 degrees and the illumination brightness is set to 100% most frequently, the control unit 205 has the most ideal environment for the user as the cooling is 27 degrees and the brightness. Is estimated to be 100%.
  • the control unit 205 estimates that the current environment. It is determined whether or not there is a gap between the ideal environment to be used. In this case, the temperature opening is 1 degree and the brightness opening is 50%. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to lower the set temperature by 1 degree, and causes the lighting fixture to increase the brightness to 100% in order to eliminate this opening.
  • the control unit 205 may execute the change of the set temperature of the cooling and the change of the brightness at the same time, but may execute them step by step with priority.
  • the control unit 205 may determine whether to give priority to the change in the cooling set temperature or the change in brightness based on the priority designation from the user. And the control part 205 may perform the change of the preset temperature of a cooling, or the change of a brightness in steps based on the determined priority.
  • control unit 205 when the priority of the change in the set temperature of the cooling is set higher than the change in the brightness, when the surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 first sets the set temperature of the cooling to the air conditioner for the user. If there is still surplus power, the brightness of the luminaire is made closer to the ideal environment for the user.
  • the set temperature of the air conditioner and the brightness of the lighting fixture are taken up as parameters representing the environment.
  • the parameters representing the environment are not limited to these, and in addition, the strength of the air blow, the set temperature of the floor heating, There are strong and weak ventilation.
  • the categories into which the devices 160 are classified include various categories such as air conditioners, lighting fixtures, television receivers, floor heating systems, hot water supply systems, refrigerators, and IH cooking heaters. Even if they are included in the same category, the detailed characteristics may differ for each manufacturer, model number, and production lot. For example, even in the device 160 included in the category of air conditioner, the rated power and the like may differ between the latest air conditioner and the air conditioner released several years ago.
  • the HEMS controller 100 can select a target device whose operation setting is to be changed when surplus power is generated, according to a difference in characteristics of each device 160.
  • FIG. 11 shows a transition of power consumption after startup, which is one of the characteristics of the device 160.
  • the power consumption reaches a maximum value immediately after activation, and then gradually decreases.
  • the power consumption gradually increases upon activation, and eventually reaches the maximum value in the stable state.
  • Activating means starting some operation from the standby state. For example, in the case of an air conditioner, cooling or heating is started from a standby state in which both cooling and heating are stopped.
  • the first device in the case of the first device, the amount of power consumption immediately after startup is large, and it is efficient to immediately consume surplus power.
  • the amount of power consumption immediately after startup is small, and it is inefficient to immediately consume surplus power. For this reason, the first device has a greater effect of reducing the disposal loss in a shorter time than the second device.
  • the second device exceeds the amount of power consumed by the second device when it is in a stable state. For this reason, the second device is more effective than the first device in reducing the disposal loss over a long period of time.
  • the control unit 205 can select whether to activate the first device or the second device depending on the situation when surplus power is generated.
  • control unit 205 preferentially activates the first device having a large amount of power consumption immediately after activation, and activates the second device having a small amount of power consumption immediately after activation if there is still surplus power.
  • the control unit 205 activates the first device that consumes a large amount of power immediately after activation.
  • the control unit 205 activates the second device that consumes less power immediately after activation.
  • the characteristic of the device 160 is not only the transition of power consumption after startup. For example, in the device 160 having a plurality of operation modes, the transition of power consumption when shifting from the first operation mode to the second operation mode, and when shifting from the second operation mode to the third operation mode. This is different from the trend of power consumption. Therefore, the control unit 205 selects an optimum operation mode in consideration of the combination of the operation mode at the time when surplus power is generated and the operation mode after the transition.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the relationship between the operation mode before transition, the operation mode after transition, and the transition of power consumption. Data representing these relationships is stored in the storage unit 203 in advance.
  • the transition of power consumption when the first device shifts from the standby state (OFF) to mode M1 is different from the transition of power consumption when the first device shifts from mode M3 to mode M2.
  • the transition of power consumption at the time of transition between the modes is different.
  • the control unit 205 increases the amount of power consumption when shifting to the mode M1 and when shifting to the mode M2.
  • the increase amount of power consumption is compared with the increase amount of power consumption when shifting to mode M3, and the mode whose increase amount is closest to the surplus power amount is selected. Then, the control unit 205 activates the first device in the selected mode.
  • the control unit 205 instead of changing the mode of the first device, the mode of the second device may be changed.
  • the control unit 205 increases the expected increase in power consumption for each of the five transition patterns. Calculate That is, (1) an increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M1, (2) an increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M2, (3 ) Increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M3, (4) Increase in power consumption when shifting the second device from mode M3 to mode M2, (5) Second The amount of increase in power consumption when the device is shifted from mode M3 to mode M1. When the second device shifts from mode M3 to OFF, power consumption does not increase and is excluded.
  • control in which the amount of increase in power consumption is closest to the surplus power amount is control for shifting the second device from mode M3 to mode M2, the control unit 205 performs the second operation after surplus power is generated. Are moved from mode M3 to mode M2.
  • control unit 205 may estimate the surplus duration and select a transition pattern suitable for the duration.
  • the control unit 205 acquires the increase in power consumption after 30 minutes from the storage unit 203 for each of the five transition patterns described above. Then, the control unit 205 selects a transition pattern in which the increase in power consumption after 30 minutes is closest to the surplus power.
  • control unit 205 acquires the power consumption for 30 minutes from the storage unit 203 for each of the five transition patterns described above. Then, the control unit 205 selects a transition pattern in which the total power consumption for 30 minutes is closest to the surplus power amount.
  • the HEMS controller 100 can digitize the magnitude of the influence on the entire energy management system 1 by moving the schedule forward and calculate the priority of the schedule to be moved forward.
  • the parameters to be digitized include (a) a parameter Pa representing the degree of influence due to advance, (b) a parameter Pb representing the proximity of the schedule, (c) a parameter Pc representing the effect of the stored energy, ( d) There is a parameter Pd that represents the characteristic of power consumption.
  • Each parameter Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd is comprehensively taken into consideration and the priority is determined.
  • the size of the parameter Pa may depend on the number of users associated with the schedule in a schedule associated with one or more users. As the number of users associated with the schedule increases, the parameter Pa increases.
  • the parameter Pa in the second schedule is the parameter in the first schedule. Greater than Pa.
  • the parameter Pa may depend on the length from the start time to the end time of the schedule. The longer the schedule period, the greater the parameter Pa.
  • the parameter Pa in the second schedule is larger than the parameter Pa in the first schedule.
  • the size of the parameter Pa may depend on the number of devices 160 controlled by execution of the schedule. As the number of devices 160 controlled by execution of a certain schedule increases, the parameter Pa increases.
  • the parameter Pa in the second schedule is the same as that in the first schedule. It is larger than the parameter Pa.
  • control unit 205 sets the parameter Pb to be larger as the time from the time when surplus power is generated to the start time of the schedule is shorter.
  • the parameter Pb is larger than the parameter Pb in the first schedule.
  • (C) Parameter Pc representing energy storage effect The duration of the effect on the environment due to the operation of the device 160 differs for each device 160. For example, in cooling, once the air is cooled, the cooled air continues for a certain period of time even if the cooling is stopped. In the hot water supply system, once the cold water is warmed, the hot water state continues for a certain period of time even if the heating is stopped. On the other hand, lighting fixtures do not become too bright just because they are lit up quickly, but they quickly become dark when turned off. In other words, the effect of storing energy is small. The HEMS controller 100 determines the parameter Pc based on the duration of the effect, in other words, the magnitude of the energy storage effect.
  • the control unit 205 determines in advance the magnitude of the energy storage effect for each device 160 based on the duration of the effect, and sets the parameter Pc for each device 160 or each operation mode.
  • control unit 205 classifies the magnitude of the effect into stages of less than 3 hours, 3 hours or more and less than 6 hours, 6 hours or more and less than 12 hours, and 12 hours or more.
  • Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
  • the hot water supply system is operated for 1 hour
  • the duration of the cooling effect is 3 hours. If the time is 6 hours, the parameter Pc in the second schedule is larger than the parameter Pc in the first schedule.
  • the method of changing the power consumption differs for each device 160. Further, even if the same device 160 is used, if there are a plurality of operation modes, the method of changing the power consumption amount differs for each operation mode.
  • the HEMS controller 100 determines a parameter Pd representing the characteristic of the power consumption for each device or each operation mode.
  • the control unit 205 determines the parameter Pd based on the time required for the increase in power consumption to reach the target value when the operation mode of the device 160 is shifted.
  • Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of the relationship between the passage of time and the power consumption.
  • the first device corresponding to the line 1301 requires time TA until the power consumption reaches the target value.
  • the second device corresponding to the line 1302 requires a time TB longer than the time TA until the power consumption reaches the target value.
  • the first schedule controls the first device according to the transition of the power consumption amount indicated by the line 1301, and the second schedule controls the second device according to the transition of the power consumption amount indicated by the line 1302. If so, the parameter Pd in the first schedule is larger than the parameter Pd in the second schedule.
  • control unit 205 calculates the priority based on [Equation 1].
  • Priority Wa * Pa + Wb * Pb + Wc * Pc + Wd * Pd ...
  • the operator “*” represents multiplication.
  • Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd are weighting factors and are positive values.
  • the weighting factor is determined in advance by the control unit 205 or by the user.
  • the control unit 205 may set a relatively large value for the weighting factor corresponding to the parameter that increases the contribution to the priority among the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, and Pd.
  • the control unit 205 may change the weighting factors Wa, Wb, Wc, and Wd according to the estimated surplus duration.
  • the control unit 205 advances the schedule in descending order of the calculated priority.
  • Parameters used for the priority calculation are not limited to Pa, Pb, Pc, and Pd.
  • the control unit 205 can employ parameters Pe and Pf shown below.
  • the control unit 205 determines the operation mode of the device 160 set when surplus power is generated, and determines the parameter Pe.
  • (F) Parameter Pf representing power consumption The control unit 205 determines the parameter Pf based on the power consumption that increases due to the change of the operation mode.
  • the control unit 205 increases the amount of power consumption when shifting from the standby state to the first operation mode, and consumption when shifting from the first operation mode to the second operation mode.
  • the amount of increase in power, the amount of increase in power consumption when shifting from the second operation mode to the third operation mode, and the like are stored in the storage unit 203 in advance.
  • the control unit 205 acquires from the storage unit 203 an increase in power consumption when shifting from the operation mode when surplus power is generated to another operation mode. Then, the control unit 205 calculates the parameter Pf for each schedule classified into the permission group.
  • the control unit 205 can calculate the priority by freely combining the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, and Pf.
  • control unit 205 calculates the priority for changing the operation mode of the device 160 based on [Expression 2].
  • the priority is determined based on the magnitude of the energy storage effect, the operation mode, the characteristics of the power consumption, and the magnitude of the power consumption.
  • control unit 205 calculates the priority for changing the operation mode of the device 160 based on [Equation 3].
  • the priority is further determined based on the influence of the schedule.
  • FIG. 14 shows a state table 1400 stored in the storage unit 203.
  • the control unit 205 determines whether the device 160 is in an operating state (ON) or a standby state (OFF) at every predetermined time interval, or whether or not the user preferentially performs processing (user designation). It is determined whether or not there is a difference from the ideal setting for the user (difference). Then, the control unit 205 updates the determination results, the values of the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, and Pf and the current power consumption.
  • the cycle in which the control unit 205 updates the state table 1400 is arbitrary. In the present embodiment, the control unit 205 updates the state table 1400 at 1 minute intervals.
  • FIG. 15 shows a setting table 1500 stored in the storage unit 203.
  • the setting table 1500 stores, for each device 160, a time width for classifying into a permission group, an ideal setting temperature for cooling, an ideal setting temperature for heating, and an ideal brightness.
  • the schedule is classified into a permission group if it is within the time range set in the setting table 1500 from the time when surplus power is generated.
  • the control unit 205 changes the schedule or controls the device 160 using the setting values stored in the setting table 1500.
  • the control unit 205 acquires the operation state and the like of each device 160 in the energy management system 1 and updates the above-described state table 1400 (step S1601).
  • the status table 1400 is updated at regular timing.
  • the control unit 205 may update the state table 1400 in the background in parallel with the device control process shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 205 determines whether there is surplus power based on the amount of power consumed by the entire energy management system 1 and the amount of power generated by the power generation system (step S1602).
  • step S1602 When there is no surplus power (step S1602; NO), the control unit 205 ends the device control process.
  • step S1602 When there is surplus power (step S1602; YES), the control unit 205 determines whether there is a free capacity in the power storage system 130 (step S1603).
  • the control unit 205 determines that there is no free capacity if the charged amount has reached an upper limit value (for example, 95%), and determines that there is a free capacity if the charged amount has not reached the upper limit value.
  • an upper limit value for example, 95%
  • step S1603 If there is free capacity (step S1603; YES), the control unit 205 causes the power storage system 130 to store surplus power (step S1604), and returns to the process of step S1602.
  • control unit 205 estimates the surplus duration and determines whether the estimated duration is equal to or greater than a threshold (step S1605).
  • the control unit 205 determines whether there is a device 160 in operation based on the state table 1400 (step S1606).
  • the standby state is a state in which the device 160 consumes only standby power and waits for an instruction from the HEMS controller 100 or an instruction from the user. In operation, the device 160 is not in a standby state.
  • step 1606 When there is an operating device 160 (step 1606; YES), the control unit 205 changes the operation of the operating device 160 (step S1607) and returns to the process of step S1601.
  • control unit 205 causes the device 160 to consume surplus power by moving forward the schedule for changing the operation mode of the operating device 160 among the registered schedules.
  • control unit 205 operates the device 160 that is operating at a setting value different from the ideal setting value for the user among the operating devices 160 with the ideal setting value for the user.
  • the excess power may be consumed by the device 160.
  • control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by canceling peak cut control, that is, control for reducing power consumption during a time period in which power demand is at a peak.
  • control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by changing the operation mode of the device 160 designated to be preferentially processed by the user based on the state table 1400.
  • control unit 205 repeats the processing in steps S1601 to S1607 until there is no surplus power.
  • control unit 205 changes the operation of the standby device 160 (step S1608). That is, the control unit 205 prioritizes the change in the operation of the operating device 160, and changes the operation of the standby device 160 if the surplus is not resolved.
  • control unit 205 causes the device 160 to consume surplus power by moving forward the schedule for starting the standby device 160 among the registered schedules.
  • control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by activating the device 160 designated to be preferentially processed by the user based on the state table 1400.
  • step S1605 when the estimated duration is less than the threshold (step S1605; NO), the control unit 205 suppresses power generation by the power generation system 120 (step S1609), and ends the device control process.
  • the HEMS controller 100 can reduce the waste loss of power generation and can utilize surplus power conveniently for the user.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible. Moreover, it is also possible to freely combine the constituent elements of the above-described embodiments.
  • the transition of power consumption by the device 160 generally includes an error.
  • the control unit 205 may store an expected error for each of the power consumption amounts shown in FIG.
  • the transition of power consumption by the device 160 may change depending on the environment in which the device 160 is installed (for example, in a cold region or a warm region), the number of days that have elapsed since the device 160 is installed, and the like.
  • the control unit 205 may update the data representing the transition of the power consumption amount shown in FIG. 12 as needed using the actually measured power consumption amount.
  • the control unit 205 acquires data representing the power consumption characteristic of the device 160 from a server on an external network such as the Internet via the communication unit 204, and represents the transition of the power consumption amount illustrated in FIG. May be updated.
  • At least one device 160 may have the functions of the HEMS controller 100 described above.
  • each of the devices 160 may have the functions of the HEMS controller 100 described above.
  • the device 160 receives an input of a schedule for designating the operation of the device 160 itself from the user and stores it in a memory. When surplus power is generated, the device 160 executes the schedule classified into the permission group as described above. May be. In this case, since the control target according to the schedule input to the device 160 is the device 160 itself, even if the energy management system 1 includes a plurality of devices 160, the device 160 is associated with the user indicated by the schedule. There is no need to determine the device to be used.
  • the device 160 to be controlled and the processing content according to the schedule registered in the schedule table 600 are not limited by the present invention.
  • the types and processing contents of the device 160 include the following.
  • -Air conditioner Operating state (ON) and standby state (OFF) in cooling, heating, dehumidification, and ventilation, changing the set temperature, cleaning the filter, precooling, preheating.
  • Floor heating ON and OFF, set temperature change, pre-warming.
  • Hot-water supply system Water heater. Change the amount of water. Temperature change.
  • Electric car Charging. -Refrigerated refrigerator ... ice making, defrosting.
  • Lighting equipment ON and OFF, brightness change.
  • Television receiver Change of brightness.
  • IH cooking heater Start and release of thermal power limitation.
  • Ventilation system ON and OFF, change of air volume.
  • Rice cooker ON and OFF.
  • -Electric pot ON and OFF, re-boiling.
  • Washing machine dryer ... ON and OFF.
  • Toilet ON / OFF of hot water toilet seat, automatic cleaning.
  • Personal computer ON and OFF, charging.
  • Cleaning robot ON and OFF, charging.
  • Each of these processes can be registered in the schedule table 600.
  • the control unit 205 can advance a schedule associated with any one or more of these processes.
  • a program for operating a computer as all or part of the energy management system 1 is stored and distributed on a computer-readable recording medium such as a memory card, CD-ROM, DVD, or MO (Magneto Optical Disk). Then, it may be installed in another computer and operated as the above-described means, or the above-described steps may be executed.
  • a computer-readable recording medium such as a memory card, CD-ROM, DVD, or MO (Magneto Optical Disk).
  • the program may be stored in a disk device or the like included in a server device on the Internet, and may be downloaded onto a computer by being superimposed on a carrier wave, for example.
  • 1 energy management system 100 HEMS controller, 110 power conditioner, 111 control unit, 112 PCS, 113 bidirectional PCS, 120 power generation system, 130 power storage system, 140 distribution board, 150 measuring unit, 160 equipment, 170 power line, 201 Input unit, 202 display unit, 203 storage unit, 204 communication unit, 205 control unit, 300 layout definition table, 400 device-room association table, 500 room-user association table, 600 schedule table, 1400 status table, 1500 setting table

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Abstract

In a home energy management system (HEMS) controller (100), a storage unit stores multiple schedules in which users and time inputted by users are associated with one another. An identification unit identifies an equipment (160A, 160B, 160C, 160D) which is associated with a user as indicated in the schedule. A control unit controls the identified equipment at the time corresponding to the schedule. When a surplus of power is generated, the control unit advances the time of schedules classified in a permitted group in which the advancement of time is permitted from among the schedules stored in the storage unit, and lets the identified equipment begin to implement a control at the advanced time.

Description

コントローラ、エネルギーマネジメントシステム、電力機器、エネルギーマネジメント方法、及び、プログラムController, energy management system, power equipment, energy management method, and program
　本発明は、宅内の電力を管理するコントローラ、エネルギーマネジメントシステム、電力機器、エネルギーマネジメント方法、及び、プログラムに関する。 The present invention relates to a controller, an energy management system, an electric power device, an energy management method, and a program for managing electric power in a house.
　ＨＥＭＳ（Home Energy Management System）は、少なくとも一つの機器を有する宅内に設けられ、機器への電力供給を制御する。ＨＥＭＳは、太陽光発電等の自然エネルギーによる発電システムと、発電システムによる発電及び商用電源からの電力を蓄える蓄電システムと、を有する。ＨＥＭＳは、宅内の発電システム及び蓄電システムと、商用電源と、を連携させて機器に電力を供給したり、宅内の電力線を商用電源から切り離して自立して運転したりすることができる。 A HEMS (Home Energy Management System) is installed in a home having at least one device, and controls power supply to the device. The HEMS includes a power generation system using natural energy such as solar power generation, and a power storage system that stores power generated by the power generation system and power from a commercial power source. The HEMS can supply power to devices by linking a power generation system and a power storage system in a house and a commercial power supply, or can operate independently by disconnecting a power line in the house from the commercial power supply.
　機器による消費電力量と、発電システムによる発電量と、蓄電システムにおける蓄電量は、機器の使用、時間帯、天候、連携と自立の切り替え等により、逐次変化する。その際、発電システムによって生成される電力に余剰が発生することがある。 The amount of power consumed by the device, the amount of power generated by the power generation system, and the amount of power stored in the power storage system change sequentially depending on the use of the device, time zone, weather, switching between cooperation and independence. At that time, surplus may occur in the electric power generated by the power generation system.
　例えば、特許文献１には、余剰電力が発生すると、機器を動作させて余剰電力を消費させるシステムが開示されている。特許文献１によれば、システムは、余剰電力が発生する時刻と余剰電力量とを予測し、余剰電力量の予測値を最も効率良く使用できる機器の組み合わせを選択する。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a system that operates a device and consumes surplus power when surplus power is generated. According to Patent Literature 1, the system predicts a time when surplus power is generated and a surplus power amount, and selects a combination of devices that can use the predicted surplus power amount most efficiently.
特開２０１１－０６１９９２号公報JP 2011-061992 A
　しかしながら、上記の従来技術によれば、余剰電力量に応じて機器の組み合わせが選択されるのであって、ユーザの予定や嗜好は考慮されない。従って、最も効率良く余剰電力を消費できるからといって、必ずしもユーザにとって都合が良い機器の制御が行われるわけではない。 However, according to the above-described conventional technology, the combination of devices is selected according to the surplus power, and the user's schedule and preferences are not considered. Accordingly, just because the surplus power can be consumed most efficiently does not necessarily mean that the device is conveniently controlled by the user.
　本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、発電の廃棄ロスを減らし、余剰電力をユーザにとって都合良く活用することができるコントローラ、エネルギーマネジメントシステム、電力機器、エネルギーマネジメント方法、及び、プログラムを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce a power generation waste loss and conveniently use surplus power for a user, an energy management system, a power device, an energy management method, and The purpose is to provide a program.
　上記課題を解決するため、この発明に係るコントローラは、
　ユーザと前記ユーザから入力された時刻とを対応付ける複数のスケジュールを記憶する記憶部と、
　前記スケジュールによって示される前記ユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する判別部と、
　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に前記判別された機器を制御する制御部と、
　を備え、
　前記制御部は、余剰電力が発生すると、前記記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記判別された機器の制御を前記早められた時刻において前記機器に開始させる。 In order to solve the above problems, a controller according to the present invention provides:
A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a user and a time input by the user;
A determination unit for determining a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule;
A control unit that controls the identified device at a time associated with the schedule;
With
When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and controls the determined device. Let the device start at an earlier time.
　発電の廃棄ロスを減らし、余剰電力をユーザにとって都合良く活用することができる。 廃 棄 Power generation waste loss can be reduced and surplus power can be used conveniently for the user.
エネルギーマネジメントシステムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of an energy management system. ＨＥＭＳコントローラの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a HEMS controller. レイアウト定義テーブルの構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of a layout definition table. 基本情報の入力を受け付ける画面の構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the screen which receives the input of basic information. 機器－部屋対応付けテーブルの構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of an apparatus-room correlation table. 部屋と機器との対応付けの入力を受け付ける画面の構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the screen which receives the input of matching with a room and an apparatus. 部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブルの構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of a room-user matching table. 部屋とユーザとの対応付けの入力を受け付ける画面の構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the screen which receives the input of matching with a room and a user. スケジュール表の構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of a schedule table. スケジュールの前倒しを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the schedule ahead. 過去の電力消費量と前倒しされないスケジュールとの関係を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the relationship between the past power consumption and the schedule which is not advanced. 過去の電力消費量と前倒しされるスケジュールとの関係を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the relationship between the past power consumption and the schedule brought forward. 機器の動作の履歴を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the log | history of operation | movement of an apparatus. 機器による消費電力量の特性を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the characteristic of the power consumption by an apparatus. 動作モードの移行前後における消費電力量の推移を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining transition of the amount of power consumption before and behind change of an operation mode. 機器による消費電力量の特性を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the characteristic of the power consumption by an apparatus. 状態テーブルの構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of a state table. 設定テーブルの構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the structure of a setting table. 機器制御処理を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining an apparatus control process.
　以下、本発明の実施形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
　図１に、本実施形態に係るエネルギーマネジメントシステム１の構成を示す。エネルギーマネジメントシステム１は、宅内（需要家内）に設置される様々な機器の消費電力や状態等を監視し、また、様々な機器の動作を制御する。 FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an energy management system 1 according to the present embodiment. The energy management system 1 monitors the power consumption, state, and the like of various devices installed in a house (inside a customer) and controls the operation of various devices.
　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１全体を制御する。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、空調機等、宅内に設置される機器１６０（図１中では１６０Ａ，１６０Ｂ，１６０Ｃ，１６０Ｄと記載。）と無線又は有線により通信し、機器１６０の状態を示す情報を取得する。例えば、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、空調機に設定されている温度、空調機における冷房と暖房の設定、テレビジョン受像機の電源が入っているか否か、等の情報を取得する。 The HEMS controller 100 controls the entire energy management system 1. The HEMS controller 100 communicates with a device 160 installed in a home such as an air conditioner (described as 160A, 160B, 160C, 160D in FIG. 1) by wireless or wired, and acquires information indicating the state of the device 160. . For example, the HEMS controller 100 acquires information such as the temperature set in the air conditioner, the setting of cooling and heating in the air conditioner, and whether or not the television receiver is turned on.
　機器１６０は、電力によって動作する。機器１６０は、具体的には、例えば、空調機、テレビジョン受像機、床暖房システム、給湯システム、換気システム、冷凍冷蔵庫、照明器具、ＩＨ（Induction Heating）クッキングヒータ等である。 The device 160 operates with electric power. Specifically, the device 160 is, for example, an air conditioner, a television receiver, a floor heating system, a hot water supply system, a ventilation system, a refrigerator, a lighting fixture, or an IH (Induction Heating) cooking heater.
　また、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、機器１６０から取得した状態を示す情報に基づいて、機器１６０に処理を実行させる。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、分電盤１４０によって切り替えられる運転モードに従って、機器１６０を動作させる。 Also, the HEMS controller 100 causes the device 160 to execute processing based on information indicating the state acquired from the device 160. The HEMS controller 100 operates the device 160 according to the operation mode switched by the distribution board 140.
　エネルギーマネジメントシステム１の運転モードには２種類ある。一つは、電力線１７０が商用電源と繋げられ、商用電源から電力の供給を受ける連携モードである。連携モードでは、商用電源からの電力のほかに、発電システム１２０によって生成された電力と、蓄電システム１３０によって蓄えられた電力とを宅内に供給することができる。また、連携モードでは、発電システム１２０によって発電された電力を商用電源へ供給する（電力会社等に売電する）こともできる。 There are two types of operation modes of the energy management system 1. One is a cooperative mode in which the power line 170 is connected to a commercial power source and receives power supply from the commercial power source. In the cooperation mode, in addition to power from the commercial power source, power generated by the power generation system 120 and power stored by the power storage system 130 can be supplied to the home. In the cooperation mode, the power generated by the power generation system 120 can be supplied to a commercial power source (sold to a power company or the like).
　もう一つは、電力線１７０が商用電源から切り離され、商用電源から電力の供給を受けずに、発電システム１２０によって発電された電力、及び／又は、蓄電システム１３０に蓄えられた電力を宅内に供給する自立モードである。自立モードでは、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１全体の消費電力量を抑え、出来るだけ長時間、機器１６０等をユーザが使用できるように、機器１６０の利用可能な機能を制限する。詳しくは後述する。 The other is that the power line 170 is disconnected from the commercial power supply, and the power generated by the power generation system 120 and / or the power stored in the power storage system 130 is supplied to the house without receiving power supply from the commercial power supply. This is a self-supporting mode. In the self-supporting mode, the HEMS controller 100 restricts the functions that can be used by the device 160 so that the user can use the device 160 and the like for as long as possible while suppressing the power consumption of the entire energy management system 1. Details will be described later.
　運転モードの切り替えは、商用電源からの電力の供給状態を示す計測結果に基づいて、分電盤１４０によって行われる。典型的には、商用電源が停電していないときには連携モードに設定され、商用電源の停電が検知されると自立モードに設定される。 Switching of the operation mode is performed by the distribution board 140 based on the measurement result indicating the supply state of power from the commercial power source. Typically, the linkage mode is set when the commercial power supply is not interrupted, and the self-sustained mode is set when a commercial power failure is detected.
　パワーコンディショナ１１０は、制御ユニット１１１と直流交流交換装置（ＰＣＳ）１１２と双方向ＰＣＳ１１３とを備える。 The power conditioner 110 includes a control unit 111, a DC / AC switching device (PCS) 112, and a bidirectional PCS 113.
　制御ユニット１１１は、ＰＣＳ１１２と双方向ＰＣＳ１１３による充電と放電を制御する。 The control unit 111 controls charging and discharging by the PCS 112 and the bidirectional PCS 113.
　ＰＣＳ１１２は、発電システム１２０によって発電された直流電流を交流電流に変換し、電力線１７０に供給する。 The PCS 112 converts the direct current generated by the power generation system 120 into an alternating current and supplies it to the power line 170.
　双方向ＰＣＳ１１３は、発電システム１２０によって発電された直流電流を蓄電システム１３０に供給したり、商用電源から供給された交流電流を直流電流に変換して蓄電システム１３０に供給したりする。また、双方向ＰＣＳ１１３は、蓄電システム１３０に蓄えられた電力を交流電流に変換して電力線１７０に供給する。 The bidirectional PCS 113 supplies the direct current generated by the power generation system 120 to the power storage system 130 or converts the alternating current supplied from the commercial power source into a direct current and supplies the direct current to the power storage system 130. In addition, the bidirectional PCS 113 converts the electric power stored in the power storage system 130 into an alternating current and supplies it to the power line 170.
　発電システム１２０は、太陽光発電により、発電する。ただし、発電方法は本発明によって限定されない。 The power generation system 120 generates power by solar power generation. However, the power generation method is not limited by the present invention.
　蓄電システム１３０は、発電システム１２０によって発電された電力と、商用電源から供給された電力を蓄電する。電気自動車を蓄電システム１３０の一部として使用することもできる。 The power storage system 130 stores the power generated by the power generation system 120 and the power supplied from the commercial power source. An electric vehicle can also be used as part of the power storage system 130.
　分電盤１４０は、複数のブレーカを備え、商用電源と電力線１７０とを接続する。主幹ブレーカの開閉により、商用電源と電力線１７０とを繋げたり切り離したりすることが可能である。また、分電盤１４０から分岐される分岐回路ごとに接続される分岐ブレーカにより、電力線１７０が宅内の各部屋へ分岐される。 The distribution board 140 includes a plurality of breakers, and connects the commercial power supply and the power line 170. The commercial power source and the power line 170 can be connected or disconnected by opening and closing the main breaker. Moreover, the power line 170 is branched to each room in the house by a branch breaker connected to each branch circuit branched from the distribution board 140.
　計測部１５０は、宅内で消費される電力量と、発電システム１２０による発電量を計測する。 The measuring unit 150 measures the amount of power consumed in the home and the amount of power generated by the power generation system 120.
　次に、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００の構成について、図２を用いて説明する。 Next, the configuration of the HEMS controller 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
　入力部２０１は、キーボードやボタン等の入力デバイスを備える。入力部２０１は、ユーザからの指示入力を受け付ける。 The input unit 201 includes input devices such as a keyboard and buttons. The input unit 201 receives an instruction input from the user.
　表示部２０２は、ディスプレイ等の表示デバイスを備える。 The display unit 202 includes a display device such as a display.
　記憶部２０３は、不揮発性メモリを備える。記憶部２０３は、制御部２０５により実行されるプログラムのほか、図３Ａに示す宅内の部屋のレイアウトを定義するレイアウト定義テーブル３００と、図４Ａに示すＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００による制御対象の各機器又はシステムの宅内における設置場所を定義する機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００と、図５Ａに示す各機器又はシステムとユーザとの対応付けを定義する部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００と、図６に示すスケジュール表６００とを記憶する。詳細は後述する。 The storage unit 203 includes a nonvolatile memory. In addition to the program executed by the control unit 205, the storage unit 203 includes a layout definition table 300 for defining the layout of the room in the house shown in FIG. 3A and each device or system to be controlled by the HEMS controller 100 shown in FIG. 4A. A device-room association table 400 that defines installation locations in the home, a room-user association table 500 that defines associations between devices and systems and users shown in FIG. 5A, and a schedule table 600 shown in FIG. Remember. Details will be described later.
　通信部２０４は、ＮＩＣ（Network Interface Card）を備え、機器１６０及び計測部１５０と通信する。 The communication unit 204 includes a NIC (Network Interface Card) and communicates with the device 160 and the measurement unit 150.
　制御部２０５は、ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）、オペレーティングシステム等のプログラムを記憶するＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）、ワークエリアとなるＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）等から構成される。制御部２０５は、記憶部２０３に記憶されているプログラムを実行し、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００全体を制御する。 The control unit 205 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores programs such as an operating system, a RAM (Random Access Memory) serving as a work area, and the like. The control unit 205 executes the program stored in the storage unit 203 and controls the entire HEMS controller 100.
　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００として、一般的なサーバ、メインフレーム、パーソナルコンピュータ等を採用することができる。 As the HEMS controller 100, a general server, mainframe, personal computer, or the like can be used.
　図３Ａに、２階建ての一戸建て住宅におけるレイアウト定義テーブル３００の構成例を示す。レイアウト定義テーブル３００には、部屋の識別番号と、部屋がある階数と、部屋の名称と、部屋の広さとが対応付けて記憶される。制御部２０５は、ユーザからの入力に基づいて、レイアウト定義テーブル３００を適宜変更することができる。 FIG. 3A shows a configuration example of a layout definition table 300 in a two-story single-family house. The layout definition table 300 stores a room identification number, the number of floors in which the room is located, the name of the room, and the size of the room in association with each other. The control unit 205 can appropriately change the layout definition table 300 based on an input from the user.
　図３Ｂに、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１における、基本情報の入力をユーザから受け付ける画面の構成例を示す。この画面は、例えばエネルギーマネジメントシステム１のセットアップ時に、液晶ディスプレイに表示される。ユーザは、この画面を用いて、家の間取りと家族構成等の基本情報を入力する。制御部２０５は、ユーザからの入力内容に基づいて、レイアウト定義テーブル４００を作成し、あるいは更新する。 FIG. 3B shows a configuration example of a screen that accepts input of basic information from the user in the energy management system 1. This screen is displayed on the liquid crystal display when the energy management system 1 is set up, for example. The user uses this screen to input basic information such as a house layout and family structure. The control unit 205 creates or updates the layout definition table 400 based on the input content from the user.
　図４Ａに、機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００の構成例を示す。機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００には、部屋の識別番号と対応付けて、その部屋の中に設置される機器１６０の識別番号と、その機器１６０の名称と、が記憶される。機器１６０の定格電力等の特性値が更に記憶されてもよい。 FIG. 4A shows a configuration example of the device-room association table 400. In the device-room association table 400, the identification number of the device 160 installed in the room and the name of the device 160 are stored in association with the identification number of the room. A characteristic value such as the rated power of the device 160 may be further stored.
　例えば、ユーザは、新たに機器１６０を購入して部屋の中に設置すると、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００を操作して機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００を編集する画面を表示させ、機器１６０を設置した部屋と機器１６０の名称等を入力する。制御部２０５は、ユーザからの入力に基づいて、機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００を適宜変更する。 For example, when the user purchases a new device 160 and installs it in a room, the user operates the HEMS controller 100 to display a screen for editing the device-room association table 400, and the room and device in which the device 160 is installed. Enter a name of 160 or the like. The control unit 205 appropriately changes the device-room association table 400 based on input from the user.
　図４Ｂに、部屋と機器１６０との対応付けをユーザが入力する画面の構成例を示す。ユーザは、機器１６０を表すアイコン４０１（本図中では４０１Ａ，４０１Ｂ，４０１Ｃの３つ）を、設置した部屋を表す枠内にドラッグして移動させる。制御部２０５は、ユーザから入力に基づいて、機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００を生成し、あるいは更新する。 FIG. 4B shows a configuration example of a screen on which the user inputs the association between the room and the device 160. The user drags and moves an icon 401 representing the device 160 (three icons 401A, 401B, and 401C in the figure) into a frame representing the installed room. The control unit 205 generates or updates the device-room association table 400 based on an input from the user.
　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、宅外ネットワーク上にあるサーバから情報を取得して機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００を更新してもよい。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００が機器１６０の型番やシリアルナンバーの入力をユーザから受け付けてサーバに送信し、サーバが型番やシリアルナンバーに対応する機器１６０の定格電力等の特性値をサーバから取得してＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００へ送信し、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００がサーバから取得した特性値を用いて機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００を更新してもよい。 The HEMS controller 100 may update the device-room association table 400 by acquiring information from a server on the outside network. The HEMS controller 100 receives an input of the model number and serial number of the device 160 from the user and transmits it to the server, and the server acquires a characteristic value such as the rated power of the device 160 corresponding to the model number and serial number from the server. The device-room association table 400 may be updated using the characteristic value acquired from the server by the HEMS controller 100.
　例えば、図４Ｂに示す画面において、ユーザが空調機を表すアイコン４０１Ａをリビングの領域の中にドラッグすると、制御部２０５は、リビングの領域の中に、空調機を表す画像を配置する。機器１６０を表す画像は、ユーザが実際に設置した機器１６０の外見を忠実に再現するものでなくてよい。また、画像を配置する位置は、ユーザが実際に設置した場所を忠実に再現するものでなくてよい。 For example, when the user drags an icon 401A representing an air conditioner into the living area on the screen shown in FIG. 4B, the control unit 205 arranges an image representing the air conditioner in the living area. The image representing the device 160 does not have to faithfully reproduce the appearance of the device 160 actually installed by the user. Further, the position where the image is arranged does not have to faithfully reproduce the place where the user actually installed.
　図５Ａに、部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００の構成例を示す。部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００には、部屋の識別番号と対応付けて、その部屋を主に使用する人を示す情報が記憶される。例えば、識別番号“１０３”のリビングには、父、母、息子、娘、の４人が対応付けられる。 FIG. 5A shows a configuration example of the room-user association table 500. The room-user association table 500 stores information indicating the person who mainly uses the room in association with the identification number of the room. For example, the living room having the identification number “103” is associated with four persons, a father, a mother, a son, and a daughter.
　図５Ｂに、部屋とユーザとの対応付けを入力する画面の構成例を示す。ユーザは、ユーザを表すアイコン５０１（本図中では５０１Ａ，５０１Ｂ，５０１Ｃの３つ）を、部屋を表す枠内にドラッグして移動させ、部屋を主に使用するユーザを指定する。制御部２０５は、この画面を用いた入力内容に基づいて、部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００を生成し、あるいは更新する。 FIG. 5B shows a configuration example of a screen for inputting a correspondence between a room and a user. The user drags and moves icons 501 representing the users (in the figure, 501A, 501B, and 501C) into a frame representing the room, and designates a user who mainly uses the room. The control unit 205 generates or updates the room-user association table 500 based on the input content using this screen.
　機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００と部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００とを組み合わせると、部屋の識別番号が共通キーであることから、機器１６０とユーザとの対応関係が得られる。 When the device-room association table 400 and the room-user association table 500 are combined, since the room identification number is a common key, the correspondence between the device 160 and the user can be obtained.
　例えば、図４Ａに示す機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００によれば、識別番号“１０２”の書斎には、識別番号“０００１”の空調機と、識別番号“０００２”の家電機器（テレビジョン受像機；ＴＶ）と、識別番号“０００３”の床暖房システムとが対応付けられている。また、図５Ａに示す部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００によれば、識別番号“１０２”の書斎には“父”が対応付けられている。従って、制御部２０５は、識別番号“０００１”の空調機と、識別番号“０００２”の家電機器と、識別番号“０００３”の床暖房システムの３つが“父”に対応付けられている、と判別する。同様にして、制御部２０５は、すべての機器１６０について、機器１６０に対応付けられるユーザを判別する。 For example, according to the device-room association table 400 shown in FIG. 4A, the study with the identification number “102” includes the air conditioner with the identification number “0001” and the home appliance (the television receiver) with the identification number “0002”. TV) and the floor heating system with the identification number “0003” are associated with each other. Further, according to the room-user association table 500 shown in FIG. 5A, “Father” is associated with the study with the identification number “102”. Therefore, the control unit 205 associates three of the air conditioner with the identification number “0001”, the home appliance with the identification number “0002”, and the floor heating system with the identification number “0003” with “Father”. Determine. Similarly, the control unit 205 determines a user associated with the device 160 for all the devices 160.
　図６に、スケジュール表６００の構成例を示す。スケジュール表６００は、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００の入力部２０１もしくは端末装置（図示せず）を用いてユーザによって入力され、記憶部２０３に記憶される。一つのスケジュールには、ユーザと、予定の内容と、予定の開始日時と、予定の終了日時とが対応付けられる。 FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the schedule table 600. The schedule table 600 is input by the user using the input unit 201 or the terminal device (not shown) of the HEMS controller 100 and stored in the storage unit 203. One schedule is associated with the user, the contents of the schedule, the start date / time of the schedule, and the end date / time of the schedule.
　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００の制御部２０５は、スケジュール表６００に格納されているスケジュールに基づいて、機器１６０を制御することができる。例えば、図６に示すスケジュール表６００によれば、2013年10月31日7時30分から2013年10月31日19時30分までの間、“父”には仕事で家を留守にする予定が入っている。そこで、制御部２０５は、この予定の開始日時に、“父”のみに対応付けられる部屋“書斎（識別番号１０２）”の中に設置されている空調機の冷房を停止する。 The control unit 205 of the HEMS controller 100 can control the device 160 based on the schedule stored in the schedule table 600. For example, according to the schedule table 600 shown in FIG. 6, “Father” will be away from work at home from 7:30 on October 31, 2013 to 19:30 on October 31, 2013. Is included. Therefore, the control unit 205 stops the cooling of the air conditioner installed in the room “study (identification number 102)” associated only with “father” at the scheduled start date and time.
　特定のユーザが対応付けられる代わりに、特定の機器１６０が対応付けられるスケジュールがスケジュール表６００に登録されてもよい。制御部２０５は、特定の機器１６０が対応付けられたスケジュールの開始日時になると、設定された処理の実行をその機器１６０に開始させる。また、制御部２０５は、スケジュールの終了時刻になると、機器１６０に設定された処理の実行をその機器１６０に終了させる。この場合、制御部２０５は、機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００と部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００とを参照しなくてよい。 Instead of being associated with a specific user, a schedule with which a specific device 160 is associated may be registered in the schedule table 600. The control unit 205 causes the device 160 to start executing the set processing when the start date / time of the schedule associated with the specific device 160 is reached. In addition, when the end time of the schedule is reached, the control unit 205 causes the device 160 to end the execution of the process set for the device 160. In this case, the control unit 205 does not need to refer to the device-room association table 400 and the room-user association table 500.
　次に、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００によって行われる機器制御処理について説明する。発電システム１２０による発電量は、天候や時間帯等により変動する。また、蓄電システム１３０における蓄電量は、機器１６０の運転状況やエネルギーマネジメントシステム１の運転モード等により変動する。 Next, device control processing performed by the HEMS controller 100 will be described. The amount of power generated by the power generation system 120 varies depending on the weather, time zone, and the like. Further, the amount of power stored in the power storage system 130 varies depending on the operation status of the device 160, the operation mode of the energy management system 1, and the like.
　発電システム１２０による発電が可能であり、且つ、蓄電システム１３０における空き容量に余裕がある場合には、発電システム１２０による発電された電気を蓄電システム１３０に蓄えることができる。しかし、蓄えることができる電力量には限りがある。蓄電システム１３０における空き容量がないと、蓄電することができず、電気の廃棄ロスが発生する可能性がある。そこで、本実施形態のＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、機器１６０の運転スケジュールを変更したり、機器１６０の動作モードを調整したりすることによって、なるべく廃棄ロスを発生させない。 When power generation by the power generation system 120 is possible and there is a surplus capacity in the power storage system 130, electricity generated by the power generation system 120 can be stored in the power storage system 130. However, there is a limit to the amount of power that can be stored. If there is no free capacity in the power storage system 130, power cannot be stored, and there is a possibility that an electric waste loss will occur. Therefore, the HEMS controller 100 of the present embodiment generates as little loss as possible by changing the operation schedule of the device 160 or adjusting the operation mode of the device 160.
（１）蓄電
　発電システム１２０よる発電量がエネルギーマネジメントシステム１全体の消費電力量を上回り、且つ、蓄電システム１３０における空き容量がある場合、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１は、発生した余剰電力を蓄電システム１３０に蓄える。蓄電システム１３０における空き容量が無くなると、蓄電をやめ、以下に説明するスケジュールの変更等を行う。 (1) Power storage When the amount of power generated by the power generation system 120 exceeds the power consumption of the entire energy management system 1 and there is a free capacity in the power storage system 130, the energy management system 1 sends the generated surplus power to the power storage system 130. store. When there is no more free space in the power storage system 130, power storage is stopped and the schedule change described below is performed.
（２）スケジュールの変更
　余剰電力が発生し、且つ、蓄電システム１３０における空き容量が無くなると、制御部２０５は、スケジュール表６００に登録されているスケジュールを参照し、スケジュールによって設定されている機器１６０の稼働を開始する時刻を早め、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させる。以下の説明において、ユーザによって設定されたスケジュールの開始時刻をＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００が早めることを、「スケジュールを前倒しする」と表現する。 (2) Change of schedule When surplus power is generated and there is no more free space in the power storage system 130, the control unit 205 refers to the schedule registered in the schedule table 600, and the device 160 set by the schedule. The device 160 is made to consume surplus power by accelerating the time at which the operation starts. In the following description, that the HEMS controller 100 advances the start time of the schedule set by the user is expressed as “schedule ahead”.
　図７に、スケジュール表６００に登録されているスケジュールの例を示す。スケジュールＳ１には、ユーザＵ１と対応付けて、予定の開始時刻Ｔ２と終了時刻Ｔ４が設定されている。制御部２０５は、部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル５００に基づいて、ユーザＵ１に対応付けられる部屋を判別する。更に、制御部２０５は、機器－部屋対応付けテーブル４００に基づいて、判別された部屋に対応付けられる機器Ｐを判別する。すなわち、制御部２０５は、スケジュールＳ１に従って制御すべき対象が機器Ｐである、と判別する。 FIG. 7 shows an example of a schedule registered in the schedule table 600. In the schedule S1, a scheduled start time T2 and an end time T4 are set in association with the user U1. The control unit 205 determines a room associated with the user U1 based on the room-user association table 500. Further, the control unit 205 determines the device P associated with the determined room based on the device-room association table 400. That is, the control unit 205 determines that the target to be controlled according to the schedule S1 is the device P.
　また、スケジュールＳ２には、機器Ｑと対応付けて、予定の開始時刻Ｔ３と終了時刻Ｔ５が設定されている。スケジュールＳ２に従って制御すべき対象は機器Ｑである。 In the schedule S2, a scheduled start time T3 and an end time T5 are set in association with the device Q. The object to be controlled according to the schedule S2 is the device Q.
　制御部２０５は、スケジュールＳ１に設定されている開始時刻Ｔ２よりも早い時刻Ｔ１に余剰電力が発生したと判別すると、前倒しが許可されるグループ（以下、「許可グループ」という。）に分類されるスケジュールがあるか否かを判別する。 When the control unit 205 determines that surplus power has occurred at time T1 earlier than the start time T2 set in the schedule S1, the control unit 205 is classified into a group that is allowed to advance (hereinafter referred to as “permitted group”). Determine if there is a schedule.
　スケジュールには、前倒しが許可される許可グループに分類されるスケジュールと、前倒しが許可されないグループ（以下、「不許可グループ」という。）に分類されるスケジュールと、がある。 The schedule includes a schedule that is classified into a permitted group that is allowed to be advanced and a schedule that is classified as a group that is not allowed to be advanced (hereinafter referred to as “non-permitted group”).
　許可グループには、開始時刻を早めてもユーザの生活に支障が出ず、開始時刻を早めることによってユーザにとってより快適な生活環境を実現できる処理に対応付けられるスケジュールが分類される。エネルギーを蓄える効果が高い処理が行われるスケジュールが許可グループに分類されることが望ましい。例えば、冷暖房を始める時刻を早める、給湯システムにおいて冷水を加熱し始める時刻を早める、等といったスケジュールが、許可グループに分類される。 Permission schedules are grouped with schedules that are associated with processing that can realize a more comfortable living environment for the user by advancing the start time without affecting the user's life even if the start time is advanced. It is desirable that a schedule for performing a process having a high effect of storing energy is classified into a permission group. For example, schedules such as advancing the time for starting cooling and heating, advancing the time for starting cooling water in the hot water supply system, and the like are classified into the permission group.
　ただし、余剰電力が発生した時刻とスケジュールの開始時刻とに大きな開きがある場合には、スケジュールが不許可グループに分類されることがある。制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻より後であって、余剰電力が発生した時刻から予め設定された時間幅以内に開始時刻が設定されているスケジュール、簡単に言えばもうすぐ実行される予定のスケジュールを、許可グループに分類する。閾値となるこの時間幅は、制御部２０５が予め決定してもよいし、ユーザが指定してもよい。 However, if there is a large gap between the time when surplus power is generated and the start time of the schedule, the schedule may be classified as an unauthorized group. The control unit 205 is a schedule in which the start time is set within a preset time width after the time when the surplus power is generated and after the time when the surplus power is generated. Classify schedules into allowed groups. This time width serving as the threshold may be determined in advance by the control unit 205 or may be designated by the user.
　例えば、暖房を開始するスケジュールが組まれているものの、余剰電力が発生してから１２時間も後に開始する予定ならば、このスケジュールを前倒しすべきでない。制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻から予め設定された時間幅以内に開始時刻が設定されていれば、暖房を開始するスケジュールを許可グループに分類する。しかし、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻から予め設定された時間幅以外に開始時刻が設定されていれば、暖房を開始するスケジュールを不許可グループに分類する。 For example, if a schedule for starting heating is set, but it is scheduled to start 12 hours after surplus power is generated, this schedule should not be advanced. If the start time is set within a preset time width from the time when surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 classifies the schedule for starting heating into a permission group. However, the control unit 205 classifies the schedule for starting the heating into the non-permitted group if the start time is set in addition to the preset time width from the time when the surplus power is generated.
　不許可グループには、開始時刻を早めることによって、必ずしもユーザにとって快適な環境を実現することにならず、電気の無駄遣いになる可能性が高いスケジュールが分類される。例えば、照明機器を点灯させるスケジュールは、もしユーザが不在であったり昼間であったりすれば、開始時刻を早めても大抵無意味である。また、エネルギーを蓄える効果が小さい。従って、本実施形態では、照明機器を点灯させるスケジュールは、不許可グループに分類される。 In the non-permitted group, schedules that do not necessarily realize a comfortable environment for the user and advance a waste of electricity are classified by advancing the start time. For example, the schedule for turning on the lighting device is usually meaningless if the user is absent or in the daytime, even if the start time is advanced. In addition, the effect of storing energy is small. Therefore, in this embodiment, the schedule for lighting the lighting device is classified into the non-permitted group.
　余剰電力が発生し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールが登録されている場合、制御部２０５は、まず、許可グループに含まれるすべてのスケジュールのうち、ユーザが対応付けられているスケジュールを、前倒しするスケジュールの候補とする。ユーザが対応付けられるスケジュールが複数の場合には、それら複数のスケジュールのそれぞれが候補となる。 When surplus power is generated and a schedule that is classified into a permission group is registered, the control unit 205 first advances the schedule associated with the user among all schedules included in the permission group. Candidate for schedule. When there are a plurality of schedules associated with the user, each of the plurality of schedules is a candidate.
　制御部２０５は、候補の中から少なくとも一つのスケジュールを選択する。そして、制御部２０５は、選択したスケジュールの開始時刻を前倒しする。 The control unit 205 selects at least one schedule from the candidates. Then, the control unit 205 advances the start time of the selected schedule.
　図７に示す２つのスケジュールが登録されている場合、制御部２０５は、前倒しするスケジュールとして、ユーザが対応付けられているスケジュールＳ１を選択する。制御部２０５は、スケジュールＳ１に設定されている開始時刻Ｔ２よりも早い時刻Ｔ１を、スケジュールＳ１の開始時刻に変更する。すなわち、余剰電力が発生した時刻Ｔ１に、スケジュールＳ１に対応付けられる処理の実行を開始する。 When the two schedules shown in FIG. 7 are registered, the control unit 205 selects the schedule S1 associated with the user as the schedule to be brought forward. The control unit 205 changes the time T1 earlier than the start time T2 set in the schedule S1 to the start time of the schedule S1. That is, execution of the process associated with the schedule S1 is started at time T1 when surplus power is generated.
　許可グループに分類されるスケジュールが複数ある場合、制御部２０５は、予め決められた優先順位に従って一つずつスケジュールを前倒ししていき、余剰電力がすべて消費されるようになるまで前倒しを繰り返してもよい。 When there are a plurality of schedules classified into permission groups, the control unit 205 advances the schedule one by one in accordance with a predetermined priority order, and repeats the advance until all surplus power is consumed. Good.
　制御部２０５は、次に、許可グループに含まれるすべてのスケジュールのうち、機器１６０が対応付けられているスケジュールを、前倒しするスケジュールの候補とする。機器１６０が対応付けられるスケジュールが複数の場合には、それら複数のスケジュールのそれぞれが候補となる。そして、制御部２０５は、候補の中から少なくとも一つのスケジュールを選択し、選択したスケジュールの開始時刻を前倒しする。 Next, the control unit 205 sets a schedule associated with the device 160 among all schedules included in the permission group as a schedule candidate to be moved forward. When there are a plurality of schedules with which the device 160 is associated, each of the plurality of schedules is a candidate. Then, the control unit 205 selects at least one schedule from the candidates, and advances the start time of the selected schedule.
　例えば、制御部２０５は、時刻Ｔ１にスケジュールＳ１を前倒しして処理を開始した後、まだ余剰電力があると、機器Ｑが対応付けられているスケジュールＳ２を選択する。制御部２０５は、更にスケジュールＳ２を前倒しする。 For example, the control unit 205 selects the schedule S2 associated with the device Q when there is surplus power after the schedule S1 is moved forward at time T1 and the process is started. The control unit 205 further advances the schedule S2.
　本実施形態では、ユーザが対応付けられるスケジュールを、機器１６０が対応付けられるスケジュールよりも優先して、前倒しする。しかし、制御部２０５は、機器１６０が対応付けられるスケジュールを、ユーザが対応付けられるスケジュールよりも優先して前倒しすることがあってもよい。 In this embodiment, the schedule with which the user is associated is advanced with priority over the schedule with which the device 160 is associated. However, the control unit 205 may advance the schedule associated with the device 160 in preference to the schedule associated with the user.
　例えば、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１が宅内にユーザがいるかいないかを検知するセンサを更に備え、制御部２０５は、家の中にユーザが存在する（家に家族の誰かがいる）と判別された場合にはユーザが対応付けられるスケジュールを優先して前倒しし、家の中にユーザが存在しない（家族全員が出かけている）と判別された場合には機器１６０が対応付けられるスケジュールを優先して前倒ししてもよい。 For example, the energy management system 1 further includes a sensor that detects whether or not there is a user in the house, and the control unit 205 determines that the user exists in the house (there is a family member in the house). Priority is given to the schedule with which the user is associated, and if it is determined that there is no user in the house (the whole family is out), the schedule with which the device 160 is associated is prioritized. May be.
　制御部２０５は、赤外線センサによってユーザを検知してもよいし、ユーザが所有するタグがＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００と通信可能か否かに基づいてユーザを検知してもよい。 The control unit 205 may detect the user with an infrared sensor, or may detect the user based on whether a tag owned by the user can communicate with the HEMS controller 100 or not.
　制御部２０５は、ユーザからの入力に基づいて、スケジュールを許可グループ又は不許可グループに分類してもよい。例えば、制御部２０５は、スケジュールの入力を受け付ける画面において、スケジュールごとに前倒しを許可するか否かを指定する入力をユーザから受け付け、受け付けた入力に基づいてスケジュールを分類してもよい。 The control unit 205 may classify the schedule into a permitted group or a non-permitted group based on an input from the user. For example, on the screen that accepts schedule input, the control unit 205 may accept an input designating whether or not to allow advance for each schedule, and classify the schedule based on the accepted input.
　あるいは、制御部２０５は、スケジュールの内容に応じて、スケジュールを許可グループ又は不許可グループに分類してもよい。例えば、制御部２０５は、冷房の開始又は暖房の開始に対応付けられるスケジュールが登録された場合にはそのスケジュールを許可グループに自動的に分類し、照明の点灯に対応付けられるスケジュールが登録された場合にはそのスケジュールを不許可グループに自動的に分類してもよい。 Alternatively, the control unit 205 may classify the schedule into a permitted group or a non-permitted group according to the content of the schedule. For example, when a schedule associated with the start of cooling or the start of heating is registered, the control unit 205 automatically classifies the schedule into a permission group, and the schedule associated with lighting lighting is registered. In some cases, the schedule may be automatically classified into an unauthorized group.
　また、制御部２０５は、現在の日時から予め設定された時間幅以内に開始時刻が設定されたスケジュールを許可グループに分類し、現在の日時から予め設定された時間幅以内に開始時刻が設定されていないスケジュールを不許可グループに分類してもよい。 In addition, the control unit 205 classifies schedules in which the start time is set within a preset time range from the current date and time into a permission group, and the start time is set within a preset time range from the current date and time. Unscheduled schedules may be classified into non-permitted groups.
（３）余剰の継続時間の推測
　余剰電力が発生しても、様々な要因によりすぐに余剰が無くなるかもしれないし、長時間に渡って余剰が続くかもしれない。そこで、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生すると、その余剰が継続する時間を推測し、推測結果に応じてスケジュールを前倒しするか否かを決定することができる。 (3) Estimation of surplus duration Even if surplus power is generated, surplus may disappear immediately due to various factors, or surplus may continue for a long time. Therefore, when surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 can estimate the time during which the surplus continues and determine whether to advance the schedule according to the estimation result.
　余剰の継続時間は、例えば、余剰電力が発生した日時、余剰電力が発生したときの天候や気温や湿度、機器１６０による消費電力量の過去の実績値等に基づいて、制御部２０５によって推測される。 The surplus duration time is estimated by the control unit 205 based on, for example, the date and time when surplus power occurs, the weather, temperature, and humidity when surplus power occurs, the past actual value of power consumption by the device 160, and the like. The
　具体的には、制御部２０５は、日没の時刻、つまり発電できなくなる時刻を、記憶部２０３に予め格納したデータベースから取得する。制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻から日没の時刻までを、余剰の継続時間の最大値と推測する。 Specifically, the control unit 205 acquires the sunset time, that is, the time when power generation can no longer be performed from a database stored in the storage unit 203 in advance. The control unit 205 estimates the time from the time when the surplus power is generated to the time of sunset as the maximum value of the surplus duration.
　そして、制御部２０５は、推測した継続時間の最大値が閾値以下の場合、余剰電力が発生しても一時的なものであり長くは続かないと判別し、スケジュールを前倒ししない。一方、推測した継続時間の最大値が閾値より大きい場合、余剰電力の発生が一時的なものではなく長く続く可能性があると判別し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールを前倒しする。 Then, when the estimated maximum value of the duration time is equal to or less than the threshold value, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus power is temporary and does not continue for a long time, and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, when the estimated maximum value of the duration time is larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the generation of surplus power is not temporary and may continue for a long time, and the schedule classified into the permission group is advanced.
　また、制御部２０５は、天気予報を含む気象情報を、インターネット等の外部ネットワーク上にあるサーバから取得し、取得した気象情報に基づいて、余剰の継続時間を推測してもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may acquire weather information including a weather forecast from a server on an external network such as the Internet, and estimate the surplus duration based on the acquired weather information.
　例えば、余剰が発生した時刻が昼の１２時であり、日没が１８時であるとすると、余剰が最長で６時間続く可能性がある。しかし、１３時から雨になり安定して発電できなくなると予測される場合、余剰の継続時間は１時間程度と推測され、すぐに余剰が解消される可能性が高い。そこで、制御部２０５は、推測される余剰の継続時間が閾値より短い場合、余剰が発生しても長くは続かないと判別し、スケジュールを前倒ししない。一方、制御部２０５は、推測される余剰の継続時間が閾値以上場合、余剰が長く続くと判別し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールを前倒しする。なお、閾値は、制御部２０５によって決定されてもよいし、ユーザによって指定されてもよい。 For example, if the surplus occurs at 12:00 noon and sunset is at 18:00, the surplus may last up to 6 hours. However, if it is predicted that it will rain from 13:00 and stable power generation will not be possible, the surplus duration is estimated to be about 1 hour, and the surplus is likely to be eliminated soon. Therefore, when the estimated surplus duration is shorter than the threshold, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus will not last long even if the surplus occurs, and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, if the estimated surplus duration is equal to or greater than the threshold, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus continues for a long time, and advances the schedule classified into the permission group. Note that the threshold may be determined by the control unit 205 or may be specified by the user.
　また、制御部２０５は、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１内に設置される温度計と湿度計により測定された温度と湿度を取得し、取得した温度と湿度に基づいて、余剰の継続時間を推測してもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 acquires the temperature and humidity measured by the thermometer and hygrometer installed in the energy management system 1, and estimates the surplus duration based on the acquired temperature and humidity. Good.
　例えば、余剰電力が発生した時刻における温度又は湿度が基準値よりも高く、且つ、宅内にユーザがいる場合、ユーザが冷房をつける等、スケジュールにない処理が実行されることによって消費電力量が増加する可能性が高い。そこで、制御部２０５は、測定された温度又は湿度が基準値より高く、且つ、宅内にユーザがいる場合、余剰が長くは続かないと推測し、スケジュールを前倒ししない。一方、制御部２０５は、測定された温度又は湿度が基準値以下で、且つ、宅内にユーザがいる場合、余剰が長く続くと推測し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールを前倒しする。基準値は、制御部２０５によって決定されてもよいし、ユーザによって指定されてもよい。 For example, if the temperature or humidity at the time when surplus power is generated is higher than the reference value and there is a user in the house, the power consumption increases due to execution of processing that is not on the schedule, such as turning on the user There is a high possibility of doing. Therefore, when the measured temperature or humidity is higher than the reference value and there is a user in the house, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus does not last long and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, when the measured temperature or humidity is equal to or less than the reference value and there is a user in the house, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus will last for a long time, and advances the schedule classified into the permission group. The reference value may be determined by the control unit 205 or specified by the user.
　なお、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻における温度又は湿度が基準値よりも高くても、宅内にユーザがいない場合には、上述したように日時や天候等に基づいて余剰の継続時間を推測し、推測結果に基づいてスケジュールを前倒しするか否かを決定することができる。 In addition, even if the temperature or humidity at the time when the surplus power is generated is higher than the reference value, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus duration is based on the date and time, the weather, or the like as described above when there is no user in the house. It is possible to determine whether to advance the schedule based on the estimation result.
　また、制御部２０５は、機器１６０による過去の消費電力量の推移を表す履歴を記憶部２０３に記憶し、余剰電力が発生すると、この履歴に基づいて余剰の継続時間を推測してもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may store a history representing the transition of the past power consumption by the device 160 in the storage unit 203, and when surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 may estimate the surplus duration based on this history.
　ある時刻に余剰電力が発生したものの、過去の同時刻前後では消費電力量が増加傾向にあったり余剰がすぐに解消されていたりすると、余剰は長続きしない可能性が高いと推測される。そこで、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生しても、過去の同時刻前後で消費電力量が増加傾向にある場合には、余剰の継続時間が短いと判別し、スケジュールを前倒ししない。一方、制御部２０５は、過去の同時刻前後で消費電力量が減少傾向であったり余剰が続いていたりした場合には、余剰が長く続くと推測し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールを前倒しする。 If surplus power is generated at a certain time, but the power consumption tends to increase around the same time in the past, or if the surplus is resolved immediately, it is highly probable that the surplus will not last long. Therefore, even if surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 determines that the surplus duration is short if the power consumption tends to increase around the same time in the past, and does not advance the schedule. On the other hand, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus will continue for a long time if the power consumption tends to decrease or the surplus continues around the same time in the past, and advances the schedule classified into the permitted group. .
　なお、制御部２０５は、単位時間あたりの消費電力の増加量が基準値より大きければ増加傾向にあると判別し、単位時間あたりの消費電力の増加量が基準値以下であれば増加傾向にないと判別する。基準値は、制御部２０５によって決定されてもよいし、ユーザによって指定されてもよい。 Note that the control unit 205 determines that the increase in power consumption per unit time is greater than the reference value, and determines that the increase is not greater than the reference value. Is determined. The reference value may be determined by the control unit 205 or specified by the user.
　例えば、図８に示すように、時刻Ｔ１に余剰電力が発生し、時刻Ｔ２に開始されるスケジュールが登録されているとする。過去の同時刻Ｔ１付近における消費電力量の推移を表す近似直線８００の傾き（＝ｔａｎθ）が正の値である場合、制御部２０５は、時刻Ｔ１に発生した余剰は長続きしないと推測し、スケジュールＳ１を前倒ししない。 For example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is assumed that surplus power is generated at time T1, and a schedule that starts at time T2 is registered. When the slope (= tan θ) of the approximate straight line 800 representing the transition of power consumption near the same time T1 in the past is a positive value, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus generated at time T1 does not last long, and the schedule Do not advance S1.
　一方、図９に示すように、近似直線８００の傾きが負の値である場合、制御部２０５は、時刻Ｔ１に発生した余剰が今後も続くと推測し、許可グループに分類されるスケジュールＳ１を前倒しする。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, when the slope of the approximate straight line 800 is a negative value, the control unit 205 estimates that the surplus generated at time T1 will continue in the future, and sets the schedule S1 classified into the permission group. Move forward.
　なお、制御部２０５は、近似直線８００の傾きが正の値であっても、予め決められた許容値以下であれば、消費電力量は増加傾向にない、と判別してもよい。 Note that the control unit 205 may determine that the power consumption does not increase even if the slope of the approximate straight line 800 is a positive value as long as it is equal to or less than a predetermined allowable value.
　制御部２０５は、スケジュールを前倒しする代わりに、機器Ｐの能力が制限される省エネルギーモードを解除して機器Ｐの能力が制限されない通常モードに移行させてもよい。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、省エネルギーモードを解除してユーザにとって理想的な環境を実現しつつ、電力の廃棄ロスを減らすことができる。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、ユーザの嗜好に合わせて機器を制御することができる。 The control unit 205 may cancel the energy saving mode in which the capability of the device P is limited, and shift to the normal mode in which the capability of the device P is not limited, instead of moving forward the schedule. The HEMS controller 100 can reduce the power loss loss while canceling the energy saving mode and realizing an ideal environment for the user. The HEMS controller 100 can control the device according to the user's preference.
（４）快適さの向上
　ユーザが省エネルギーを考えて自主的に機器１６０の能力を下げることがある。例えば、ユーザは、できればもっと冷房を強くしたいと考えているものの、電気料金を抑えるために高めに温度を設定して我慢するかもしれない。そこで、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生し、且つ、ユーザが理想と考えている設定と現在の設定との間に開きがあると推測される場合には、その開きを埋めるべく、ユーザが理想と考えている設定に近づける。 (4) Improvement of comfort The user may voluntarily reduce the capability of the device 160 in consideration of energy saving. For example, the user may be willing to cool more if possible, but may endure with a higher temperature set to reduce electricity bills. Therefore, in the case where surplus power is generated and it is estimated that there is an opening between the setting that the user considers ideal and the current setting, the user is requested to fill in the opening. Move closer to the ideal setting.
　制御部２０５は、図１０に示すように機器１６０の動作履歴を記憶部２０３に記憶する。図１０は、空調機の動作履歴を表す。動作履歴は、処理が実行された日時と処理内容とを対応付けた情報である。制御部２０５は、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００によって指示された場合における機器１６０の動作履歴に限らず、ユーザによって指示された場合における機器１６０の動作履歴も、記憶部２０３に記憶する。 The control unit 205 stores the operation history of the device 160 in the storage unit 203 as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows an operation history of the air conditioner. The operation history is information in which the date and time when the process is executed and the process content are associated with each other. The control unit 205 stores not only the operation history of the device 160 when instructed by the HEMS controller 100 but also the operation history of the device 160 when instructed by the user in the storage unit 203.
　制御部２０５は、記憶部２０３に記憶された動作履歴に基づいて、ユーザが理想と考えている設定を推測する。 The control unit 205 estimates a setting that the user considers ideal based on the operation history stored in the storage unit 203.
　例えば、冷房のときに設定された温度が摂氏２７度（以下、本実施形態において温度の単位はすべて摂氏である。）であった回数が最も多ければ、制御部２０５は、ユーザにとって最も理想的な冷房時の設定温度は２７度である、と推測する。 For example, if the number of times that the temperature set at the time of cooling is 27 degrees Celsius (hereinafter, all temperature units are in degrees Celsius) is most frequent, the control unit 205 is the most ideal for the user. It is estimated that the set temperature during cooling is 27 degrees.
　余剰電力が発生した時点で冷房が稼働しており、設定温度が２８度であったとすると、ユーザが節電を考えて温度を高めに設定していると推測される。制御部２０５は、現在の設定温度（２８度）と、推測される理想的な温度（２７度）との間に開きがあるか否かを判別する。この場合、温度の開きは１度である。そこで、制御部２０５は、この開きを解消すべく、空調機に設定温度を１度下げさせる。ただし、現在の設定温度が、推測される理想的な温度よりも低い場合、制御部２０５は、設定温度を変更しない。 If the cooling is in operation when surplus power is generated and the set temperature is 28 degrees, it is assumed that the user sets the temperature higher in consideration of power saving. The control unit 205 determines whether or not there is a gap between the current set temperature (28 degrees) and the estimated ideal temperature (27 degrees). In this case, the temperature opening is 1 degree. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to lower the set temperature once in order to eliminate this opening. However, when the current set temperature is lower than the estimated ideal temperature, the control unit 205 does not change the set temperature.
　例えば、暖房のときに設定された温度が摂氏２０度であった回数が最も多ければ、制御部２０５は、ユーザにとって最も理想的な暖房時の設定温度は２０度である、と推測する。 For example, if the number of times that the temperature set at the time of heating is 20 degrees Celsius is the largest, the control unit 205 estimates that the most ideal setting temperature at the time of heating is 20 degrees.
　余剰電力が発生した時点で暖房が稼働しており、設定温度が１８度であったとすると、ユーザが節電を考えて温度を低めに設定していると推測される。制御部２０５は、現在の設定温度（１８度）と、推測される理想的な温度（２０度）との間に開きがあるか否かを判別する。この場合、温度の開きは２度である。そこで、制御部２０５は、この開きを解消すべく、空調機に設定温度を２度上げさせる。ただし、現在の設定温度が、推測される理想的な温度よりも高い場合、制御部２０５は、設定温度を変更しない。 If heating is in operation when surplus power is generated and the set temperature is 18 degrees, it is estimated that the user has set the temperature lower in consideration of power saving. The control unit 205 determines whether or not there is a gap between the current set temperature (18 degrees) and the estimated ideal temperature (20 degrees). In this case, the temperature opening is 2 degrees. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to raise the set temperature twice in order to eliminate this opening. However, when the current set temperature is higher than the estimated ideal temperature, the control unit 205 does not change the set temperature.
　制御部２０５は、動作履歴に基づいてユーザにとっての理想的な設定温度を推測する代わりに、ユーザから予め指定される温度をユーザにとっての理想的な設定温度と扱ってもよい。 The control unit 205 may treat the temperature specified in advance by the user as the ideal set temperature for the user, instead of estimating the ideal set temperature for the user based on the operation history.
　ユーザにとっての理想的な環境を表すパラメータは、温度だけに限らない。例えば、明るさを０％（消灯）から１００％までの範囲で指定できる室内の照明器具において、明るさが１００％に設定された回数が最も多い場合、制御部２０５は、ユーザにとって最も理想的な明るさは１００％である、と推測する。 ・ Parameters representing the ideal environment for users are not limited to temperature. For example, in an indoor lighting fixture in which the brightness can be specified in a range from 0% (off) to 100%, when the brightness is set to 100% most frequently, the control unit 205 is most ideal for the user. The brightness is estimated to be 100%.
　余剰電力が発生した時点において照明器具が点灯しており、明るさが５０％であったとすると、ユーザが節電を考えて明るさを低めに設定していると推測される。制御部２０５は、現在の明るさ（５０％）と、推測される理想的な明るさ（１００％）との間に開きがあるか否かを判別する。この場合、明るさの開きは５０％である。そこで、制御部２０５は、この開きを解消すべく、照明器具に明るさを１００％に上げさせる。ただし、現在の明るさが、推測される理想的な明るさよりも大きい場合、制御部２０５は、照明器具の明るさを変更しない。 If surplus power is generated and the lighting fixture is on and the brightness is 50%, it is assumed that the user has set the brightness lower in consideration of power saving. The control unit 205 determines whether or not there is an opening between the current brightness (50%) and the estimated ideal brightness (100%). In this case, the brightness opening is 50%. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the luminaire to increase the brightness to 100% in order to eliminate this opening. However, when the current brightness is larger than the estimated ideal brightness, the control unit 205 does not change the brightness of the lighting fixture.
　また、ユーザにとっての理想的な環境を表すパラメータは、温度と明るさの組み合わせで表されてもよい。例えば、冷房が２７度に設定され、且つ、照明の明るさが１００％に設定される回数が最も多い場合、制御部２０５は、ユーザにとって最も理想的な環境は冷房が２７度で且つ明るさが１００％である、と推測する。 Also, the parameter representing the ideal environment for the user may be represented by a combination of temperature and brightness. For example, when the cooling is set to 27 degrees and the illumination brightness is set to 100% most frequently, the control unit 205 has the most ideal environment for the user as the cooling is 27 degrees and the brightness. Is estimated to be 100%.
　余剰電力が発生した時点において、冷房と照明の両方がつけられており、冷房が２８度に設定され且つ明るさが５０％に設定されていたとすると、制御部２０５は、現在の環境と、推測される理想的な環境との間に開きがあるか否かを判別する。この場合、温度の開きは１度であり、明るさの開きは５０％である。そこで、制御部２０５は、この開きを解消すべく、空調機に設定温度を１度下げさせ、且つ、照明器具に明るさを１００％に上げさせる。 When surplus power is generated, if both cooling and lighting are turned on, and the cooling is set to 28 degrees and the brightness is set to 50%, the control unit 205 estimates that the current environment. It is determined whether or not there is a gap between the ideal environment to be used. In this case, the temperature opening is 1 degree and the brightness opening is 50%. Therefore, the control unit 205 causes the air conditioner to lower the set temperature by 1 degree, and causes the lighting fixture to increase the brightness to 100% in order to eliminate this opening.
　制御部２０５は、冷房の設定温度の変更と明るさの変更とを同時に実行してもよいが、優先度を設けて段階的に実行してもよい。 The control unit 205 may execute the change of the set temperature of the cooling and the change of the brightness at the same time, but may execute them step by step with priority.
　制御部２０５は、冷房の設定温度の変更と明るさの変更とのどちらを優先するかを、ユーザからの優先度の指定に基づいて決定してもよい。そして、制御部２０５は、決定された優先度に基づいて、冷房の設定温度の変更又は明るさの変更を段階的に実行してもよい。 The control unit 205 may determine whether to give priority to the change in the cooling set temperature or the change in brightness based on the priority designation from the user. And the control part 205 may perform the change of the preset temperature of a cooling, or the change of a brightness in steps based on the determined priority.
　例えば、明るさの変更よりも、冷房の設定温度の変更のほうが優先度を高く設定されている場合、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生すると、まず、空調機に冷房の設定温度をユーザにとっての理想的な環境に近づけさせ、まだ余剰電力があれば、照明器具に明るさをユーザにとっての理想的な環境に近づけさせる。 For example, when the priority of the change in the set temperature of the cooling is set higher than the change in the brightness, when the surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 first sets the set temperature of the cooling to the air conditioner for the user. If there is still surplus power, the brightness of the luminaire is made closer to the ideal environment for the user.
　ここでは、環境を表すパラメータとして、空調機の設定温度と照明器具の明るさを取り上げたが、環境を表すパラメータはこれらに限られず、ほかにも、送風の強さ、床暖房の設定温度、換気の強弱等がある。 Here, the set temperature of the air conditioner and the brightness of the lighting fixture are taken up as parameters representing the environment. However, the parameters representing the environment are not limited to these, and in addition, the strength of the air blow, the set temperature of the floor heating, There are strong and weak ventilation.
（５）機器による消費電力量の特性
　機器１６０が分類されるカテゴリには、空調機、照明器具、テレビジョン受像機、床暖房システム、給湯システム、冷蔵庫、ＩＨクッキングヒータ等、様々なカテゴリがある。また、同じカテゴリに含まれていても、メーカー、型番、製造ロットごとに細かな特性が異なることがある。例えば、空調機というカテゴリに含まれる機器１６０であっても、最新式の空調機と、数年前に発売された空調機とでは、定格電力等が異なることがある。本実施形態のＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、機器１６０ごとの特性の違いに応じて、余剰電力が発生したときに動作の設定を変更させる対象機器を選択することができる。 (5) Characteristics of power consumption by devices The categories into which the devices 160 are classified include various categories such as air conditioners, lighting fixtures, television receivers, floor heating systems, hot water supply systems, refrigerators, and IH cooking heaters. Even if they are included in the same category, the detailed characteristics may differ for each manufacturer, model number, and production lot. For example, even in the device 160 included in the category of air conditioner, the rated power and the like may differ between the latest air conditioner and the air conditioner released several years ago. The HEMS controller 100 according to the present embodiment can select a target device whose operation setting is to be changed when surplus power is generated, according to a difference in characteristics of each device 160.
　図１１に、機器１６０の特性の一つである、起動後における消費電力量の推移を示す。特性曲線１１０１に対応する第１の機器では、消費電力量は、起動すると直ちに最大値に達し、その後、緩やかに減少していく。一方、特性曲線１１０２に対応する第２の機器では、消費電力量は、起動すると緩やかに上昇していき、やがて安定状態において最大値に達する。 FIG. 11 shows a transition of power consumption after startup, which is one of the characteristics of the device 160. In the first device corresponding to the characteristic curve 1101, the power consumption reaches a maximum value immediately after activation, and then gradually decreases. On the other hand, in the second device corresponding to the characteristic curve 1102, the power consumption gradually increases upon activation, and eventually reaches the maximum value in the stable state.
　起動とは、待機状態から何らかの動作を開始することを言う。例えば空調機であれば、冷房も暖房も停止している待機状態から冷房又は暖房を開始することである。 Activating means starting some operation from the standby state. For example, in the case of an air conditioner, cooling or heating is started from a standby state in which both cooling and heating are stopped.
　図１１において、第１の機器の場合、起動直後における消費電力量が多く、すぐに余剰電力を消費するためには効率が良い。第２の機器の場合、起動直後における消費電力量が少なく、すぐに余剰電力を消費するためには効率が悪い。そのため、第２の機器よりも第１の機器の方が、廃棄ロスを短時間で減らせる効果が大きい。 In FIG. 11, in the case of the first device, the amount of power consumption immediately after startup is large, and it is efficient to immediately consume surplus power. In the case of the second device, the amount of power consumption immediately after startup is small, and it is inefficient to immediately consume surplus power. For this reason, the first device has a greater effect of reducing the disposal loss in a shorter time than the second device.
　一方で、異なった観点から特性の違いを見ることもできる。すなわち、第１の機器では起動直後における消費電力量が多いものの、安定状態になれば、第１の機器よりも第２の機器の方が消費電力量は上回る。そのため、第１の機器よりも第２の機器の方が、廃棄ロスを長期間に渡って減らせる効果が大きい。 On the other hand, it is also possible to see differences in characteristics from different viewpoints. In other words, although the first device consumes a large amount of power immediately after startup, the second device exceeds the amount of power consumed by the second device when it is in a stable state. For this reason, the second device is more effective than the first device in reducing the disposal loss over a long period of time.
　制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生したときの状況に応じて、第１の機器を起動するか第２の機器を起動するかを選択することができる。 The control unit 205 can select whether to activate the first device or the second device depending on the situation when surplus power is generated.
　例えば、制御部２０５は、起動直後における消費電力量が多い第１の機器を優先して起動させ、それでも余剰電力があるならば、起動直後における消費電力量が少ない第２の機器を起動させる。 For example, the control unit 205 preferentially activates the first device having a large amount of power consumption immediately after activation, and activates the second device having a small amount of power consumption immediately after activation if there is still surplus power.
　あるいは、上述した余剰の継続時間の推測において、推測された継続時間が閾値以下である（継続時間が比較的短い）と推測される場合には、制御部２０５は、起動直後における消費電力量が多い第１の機器を起動させる。一方、継続時間が閾値より大きい（継続時間が比較的長い）と推測される場合には、制御部２０５は、安定状態に入ったときの消費電力量が多い第２の機器を起動させる。 Alternatively, in the estimation of the surplus duration described above, if it is estimated that the estimated duration is equal to or less than the threshold (the duration is relatively short), the control unit 205 determines that the power consumption immediately after startup is Many first devices are activated. On the other hand, when it is estimated that the duration is longer than the threshold (the duration is relatively long), the control unit 205 activates the second device that consumes a large amount of power when entering the stable state.
　あるいは、余剰電力量が閾値より大きい（余剰電力量が比較的多い）場合には、制御部２０５は、起動直後における消費電力量が多い第１の機器を起動させる。一方、余剰電力量が閾値以下である（余剰電力量が比較的少ない）場合には、制御部２０５は、起動直後における消費電力量が少ない第２の機器を起動させる。 Alternatively, when the surplus power amount is larger than the threshold (the surplus power amount is relatively large), the control unit 205 activates the first device that consumes a large amount of power immediately after activation. On the other hand, when the surplus power amount is equal to or less than the threshold value (the surplus power amount is relatively small), the control unit 205 activates the second device that consumes less power immediately after activation.
　機器１６０の特性は、起動後における消費電力量の推移だけではない。例えば、複数の動作モードがある機器１６０において、第１の動作モードから第２の動作モードへ移行する際の消費電力量の推移と、第２の動作モードから第３の動作モードへ移行する際の消費電力量の推移とは、異なる。従って、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時点における動作モードと、移行後の動作モードと、の組み合わせを考慮し、最適な動作モードを選択する。 The characteristic of the device 160 is not only the transition of power consumption after startup. For example, in the device 160 having a plurality of operation modes, the transition of power consumption when shifting from the first operation mode to the second operation mode, and when shifting from the second operation mode to the third operation mode. This is different from the trend of power consumption. Therefore, the control unit 205 selects an optimum operation mode in consideration of the combination of the operation mode at the time when surplus power is generated and the operation mode after the transition.
　広義には、機器１６０が待機電力のみ消費し、ユーザもしくはＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００からの指示を待機する待機状態も、動作モードの一つと言える。 In a broad sense, the standby state in which the device 160 consumes only standby power and waits for an instruction from the user or the HEMS controller 100 is also one of the operation modes.
　制御部２０５は、動作モードを変更することによって生じる消費電力量の増分が余剰電力量と最も近い動作モードを選択することが望ましい。理想的には、動作モードを移行することによって生じる消費電力量の増分が、余剰電力量と合致することが望ましい。また、商用電源からの買電がなるべく生じないことが望ましい。 It is desirable that the control unit 205 selects an operation mode in which the increase in power consumption caused by changing the operation mode is closest to the surplus power. Ideally, it is desirable that the increase in power consumption caused by shifting the operation mode matches the surplus power. In addition, it is desirable that power purchase from a commercial power source does not occur as much as possible.
　図１２に、移行前の動作モードと移行後の動作モードと消費電力量の推移との関係を例示する。これらの関係を表すデータは、記憶部２０３に予め記憶される。第１の機器が待機状態（ＯＦＦ）からモードＭ１へ移行する際の消費電力量の推移と、第１の機器がモードＭ３からモードＭ２へ移行する際の消費電力量の推移は、異なる。同様に、各モード間における移行の際の消費電力量の推移は異なる。 FIG. 12 illustrates the relationship between the operation mode before transition, the operation mode after transition, and the transition of power consumption. Data representing these relationships is stored in the storage unit 203 in advance. The transition of power consumption when the first device shifts from the standby state (OFF) to mode M1 is different from the transition of power consumption when the first device shifts from mode M3 to mode M2. Similarly, the transition of power consumption at the time of transition between the modes is different.
　例えば、余剰電力が発生した時点で第１の機器が待機状態（ＯＦＦ）であった場合、制御部２０５は、モードＭ１へ移行する場合の消費電力の増加量と、モードＭ２へ移行する場合の消費電力の増加量と、モードＭ３へ移行する場合の消費電力の増加量とを比較し、増加量が余剰電力量に最も近いモードを選択する。そして、制御部２０５は、選択したモードで第１の機器を起動させる。 For example, when the first device is in a standby state (OFF) when surplus power is generated, the control unit 205 increases the amount of power consumption when shifting to the mode M1 and when shifting to the mode M2. The increase amount of power consumption is compared with the increase amount of power consumption when shifting to mode M3, and the mode whose increase amount is closest to the surplus power amount is selected. Then, the control unit 205 activates the first device in the selected mode.
　第１の機器のモードを変更するよりも、第２の機器のモードを変更する方が、効率よく余剰電力を解消できる場合、制御部２０５は、第１の機器のモードを変更する代わりに、第２の機器のモードを変更してもよい。 When the surplus power can be eliminated more efficiently by changing the mode of the second device than changing the mode of the first device, the control unit 205, instead of changing the mode of the first device, The mode of the second device may be changed.
　例えば、第１の機器がＯＦＦ、第２の機器がモードＭ３で動作しているときに、余剰電力が発生すると、制御部２０５は、５つの移行パターンのそれぞれについて、見込まれる消費電力の増加量を計算する。つまり、（１）第１の機器をＯＦＦからモードＭ１へ移行する際の消費電力の増加量、（２）第１の機器をＯＦＦからモードＭ２へ移行する際の消費電力の増加量、（３）第１の機器をＯＦＦからモードＭ３へ移行する際の消費電力の増加量、（４）第２の機器をモードＭ３からモードＭ２へ移行する際の消費電力の増加量、（５）第２の機器をモードＭ３からモードＭ１へ移行する際の消費電力の増加量、である。第２の機器をモードＭ３からＯＦＦへ移行する際には、消費電力は増加しないので除外される。 For example, when surplus power is generated when the first device is OFF and the second device is operating in mode M3, the control unit 205 increases the expected increase in power consumption for each of the five transition patterns. Calculate That is, (1) an increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M1, (2) an increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M2, (3 ) Increase in power consumption when shifting the first device from OFF to mode M3, (4) Increase in power consumption when shifting the second device from mode M3 to mode M2, (5) Second The amount of increase in power consumption when the device is shifted from mode M3 to mode M1. When the second device shifts from mode M3 to OFF, power consumption does not increase and is excluded.
　もし、消費電力の増加量が余剰電力量に最も近い制御が、第２の機器をモードＭ３からモードＭ２へ移行する制御であったとすると、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した後、第２の機器をモードＭ３からモードＭ２へ移行させる。 If the control in which the amount of increase in power consumption is closest to the surplus power amount is control for shifting the second device from mode M3 to mode M2, the control unit 205 performs the second operation after surplus power is generated. Are moved from mode M3 to mode M2.
　また、制御部２０５は、余剰の継続時間を推測し、継続時間に適した移行パターンを選択してもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may estimate the surplus duration and select a transition pattern suitable for the duration.
　例えば、余剰の継続時間が３０分であると推測された場合、制御部２０５は、上述した５つの移行パターンのそれぞれについて、３０分後の消費電力の増加量を記憶部２０３から取得する。そして、制御部２０５は、３０分後の消費電力の増加量が余剰電力量に最も近い移行パターンを選択する。 For example, when it is estimated that the surplus duration is 30 minutes, the control unit 205 acquires the increase in power consumption after 30 minutes from the storage unit 203 for each of the five transition patterns described above. Then, the control unit 205 selects a transition pattern in which the increase in power consumption after 30 minutes is closest to the surplus power.
　あるいは、制御部２０５は、上述した５つの移行パターンのそれぞれについて、３０分間の消費電力量を記憶部２０３から取得する。そして、制御部２０５は、３０分間の消費電力の合計が余剰電力量に最も近い移行パターンを選択する。 Alternatively, the control unit 205 acquires the power consumption for 30 minutes from the storage unit 203 for each of the five transition patterns described above. Then, the control unit 205 selects a transition pattern in which the total power consumption for 30 minutes is closest to the surplus power amount.
（６）優先度の算出
　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、スケジュールを前倒しすることによる、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１全体への影響の大きさを数値化し、前倒しするスケジュールの優先度を計算することができる。本実施形態では、数値化されるパラメータには、（ａ）前倒しによる影響度を表すパラメータＰａ、（ｂ）スケジュールの近さを表すパラメータＰｂ、（ｃ）蓄エネルギーの効果を表すパラメータＰｃ、（ｄ）消費電力量の特性を表すパラメータＰｄ、がある。各パラメータＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄが総合的に勘案されて、優先度が決まる。 (6) Calculation of priority The HEMS controller 100 can digitize the magnitude of the influence on the entire energy management system 1 by moving the schedule forward and calculate the priority of the schedule to be moved forward. In the present embodiment, the parameters to be digitized include (a) a parameter Pa representing the degree of influence due to advance, (b) a parameter Pb representing the proximity of the schedule, (c) a parameter Pc representing the effect of the stored energy, ( d) There is a parameter Pd that represents the characteristic of power consumption. Each parameter Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd is comprehensively taken into consideration and the priority is determined.
（ａ）前倒しによる影響度を表すパラメータＰａ
　制御部２０５は、前倒しによる影響の大きさを、複数段階に分けて数値化する。制御部２０５は、影響の大きさを、例えば、なし、小程度、中程度、大程度、の４段階に分けて判別する。そして、制御部２０５は、影響なしならＰａ＝１、小程度ならＰａ＝２、中程度ならＰａ＝３、大程度ならＰａ＝４等というように、点数を付与する。具体的な数値は任意である。 (A) Parameter Pa representing the degree of influence due to advance
The control unit 205 quantifies the magnitude of the influence due to the advance in multiple stages. The control unit 205 discriminates the magnitude of the influence in four stages, for example, none, small, medium, and large. Then, the control unit 205 assigns points such as Pa = 1 if there is no influence, Pa = 2 if it is small, Pa = 3 if medium, Pa = 4 if large, and so on. Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
　パラメータＰａの大きさは、１人以上のユーザが対応付けられているスケジュールにおいて、スケジュールに対応付けられるユーザの数に依存してもよい。スケジュールに対応付けられるユーザの数が多いほど、パラメータＰａが大きくなる。 The size of the parameter Pa may depend on the number of users associated with the schedule in a schedule associated with one or more users. As the number of users associated with the schedule increases, the parameter Pa increases.
　例えば、第１のスケジュールに対応付けられるユーザの数が１であり、第２のスケジュールに対応付けられるユーザの数が３であれば、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａは、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａよりも大きい。 For example, if the number of users associated with the first schedule is 1 and the number of users associated with the second schedule is 3, the parameter Pa in the second schedule is the parameter in the first schedule. Greater than Pa.
　あるいは、パラメータＰａは、スケジュールの開始時刻から終了時刻までの長さに依存してもよい。スケジュールの期間が長いほど、パラメータＰａが大きくなる。 Alternatively, the parameter Pa may depend on the length from the start time to the end time of the schedule. The longer the schedule period, the greater the parameter Pa.
　例えば、第１のスケジュールの期間が１時間であり、第２のスケジュールの期間が２時間であれば、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａは、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａよりも大きい。 For example, if the period of the first schedule is 1 hour and the period of the second schedule is 2 hours, the parameter Pa in the second schedule is larger than the parameter Pa in the first schedule.
　また、パラメータＰａの大きさは、スケジュールの実行によって制御される機器１６０の数に依存してもよい。あるスケジュールの実行によって制御される機器１６０の数が多いほど、パラメータＰａが大きくなる。 Further, the size of the parameter Pa may depend on the number of devices 160 controlled by execution of the schedule. As the number of devices 160 controlled by execution of a certain schedule increases, the parameter Pa increases.
　例えば、第１のスケジュールでは一つの空調機を制御し、第２のスケジュールでは一つの空調機と一つの給湯システムを制御するのであれば、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａは、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰａよりも大きい。 For example, if one air conditioner is controlled in the first schedule and one air conditioner and one hot water supply system are controlled in the second schedule, the parameter Pa in the second schedule is the same as that in the first schedule. It is larger than the parameter Pa.
（ｂ）スケジュールの近さを表すパラメータＰｂ
　制御部２０５は、スケジュールの近さ、すなわち、余剰電力が発生した時刻からスケジュールの開始時刻までの時間の長さを、複数段階に分けて数値化する。制御部２０５は、例えば、１時間以上ならＰｂ＝１、３０分以上１時間未満ならＰｂ＝２、１５分以上３０分未満ならＰｂ＝３、１５分未満ならＰｂ＝４、等というように、点数を付与する。具体的な数値は任意である。 (B) Parameter Pb representing the closeness of the schedule
The control unit 205 quantifies the closeness of the schedule, that is, the length of time from the time when the surplus power is generated to the start time of the schedule in a plurality of stages. For example, if the control unit 205 is 1 hour or more, Pb = 1, 30 minutes or more and less than 1 hour, Pb = 2, 15 minutes or more and less than 30 minutes, Pb = 3, if less than 15 minutes, Pb = 4, and so on. Points are given. Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
　本実施形態では、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時刻からスケジュールの開始時刻までの時間が短いほど、パラメータＰｂを大きく設定する。 In this embodiment, the control unit 205 sets the parameter Pb to be larger as the time from the time when surplus power is generated to the start time of the schedule is shorter.
　例えば、余剰電力が発生した時刻から第１のスケジュールの開始時刻までが３０分で、余剰電力が発生した時刻から第２のスケジュールの開始時刻までが１０分であるならば、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｂは、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｂよりも大きい。 For example, if the time from the occurrence of surplus power to the start time of the first schedule is 30 minutes and the time from the occurrence of surplus power to the start time of the second schedule is 10 minutes, The parameter Pb is larger than the parameter Pb in the first schedule.
（ｃ）蓄エネルギーの効果を表すパラメータＰｃ
　機器１６０が動作することによる環境への効果の持続度は、機器１６０ごとに異なる。例えば冷房では、一旦空気を冷やせば、冷房を止めても、空気が冷えた状態はある程度の期間持続する。給湯システムでは、一度冷水を暖めれば、加温を止めても、温水の状態はある程度の期間持続する。これに対し、照明器具では、早く点灯させたからといって余計に明るくなるわけではないし、消してしまえばすぐに暗くなる。つまり、エネルギーを貯め込む効果が小さい。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、効果の持続度、言い換えれば蓄エネルギーの効果の大きさに基づいて、パラメータＰｃを決定する。 (C) Parameter Pc representing energy storage effect
The duration of the effect on the environment due to the operation of the device 160 differs for each device 160. For example, in cooling, once the air is cooled, the cooled air continues for a certain period of time even if the cooling is stopped. In the hot water supply system, once the cold water is warmed, the hot water state continues for a certain period of time even if the heating is stopped. On the other hand, lighting fixtures do not become too bright just because they are lit up quickly, but they quickly become dark when turned off. In other words, the effect of storing energy is small. The HEMS controller 100 determines the parameter Pc based on the duration of the effect, in other words, the magnitude of the energy storage effect.
　制御部２０５は、効果の継続時間に基づいて、機器１６０ごとの蓄エネルギーの効果の大きさを予め決定し、パラメータＰｃを機器１６０ごともしくは動作モードごとに設定する。 The control unit 205 determines in advance the magnitude of the energy storage effect for each device 160 based on the duration of the effect, and sets the parameter Pc for each device 160 or each operation mode.
　本実施形態では、制御部２０５は、効果の大きさを、３時間未満、３時間以上６時間未満、６時間以上１２時間未満、１２時間以上、の各段階に分類し、３時間未満ならＰｃ＝１、３時間以上６時間未満ならＰｃ＝２、６時間以上１２時間未満ならＰｃ＝３、１２時間以上ならＰｃ＝４、等というように、点数を付与する。具体的な数値は任意である。 In the present embodiment, the control unit 205 classifies the magnitude of the effect into stages of less than 3 hours, 3 hours or more and less than 6 hours, 6 hours or more and less than 12 hours, and 12 hours or more. = 1, Pc = 2 if 3 hours or more and less than 6 hours, Pc = 3 if 6 hours or more and less than 12 hours, Pc = 4 if 12 hours or more, etc. Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
　例えば、第１のスケジュールでは冷房を１時間稼働させ、第２のスケジュールでは給湯システムを１時間稼働させるものであって、且つ、冷房による効果の持続時間が３時間であり給湯システムによる効果の持続時間が６時間であったとすれば、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｃは、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｃよりも大きい。 For example, in the first schedule, cooling is operated for 1 hour, in the second schedule, the hot water supply system is operated for 1 hour, and the duration of the cooling effect is 3 hours. If the time is 6 hours, the parameter Pc in the second schedule is larger than the parameter Pc in the first schedule.
（ｄ）消費電力量の特性を表すパラメータＰｄ
　上述したように、消費電力量の変化の仕方は、機器１６０ごとに異なる。また、同じ機器１６０であっても、動作モードが複数あれば、消費電力量の変化の仕方は、動作モードごとに異なる。ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、機器ごと、あるいは動作モードごとに、消費電力量の特性を表すパラメータＰｄを決定する。 (D) Parameter Pd representing the characteristic of power consumption
As described above, the method of changing the power consumption differs for each device 160. Further, even if the same device 160 is used, if there are a plurality of operation modes, the method of changing the power consumption amount differs for each operation mode. The HEMS controller 100 determines a parameter Pd representing the characteristic of the power consumption for each device or each operation mode.
　制御部２０５は、機器１６０の動作モードの移行に際し、消費電力の増加量が目標値に達するまでに要する時間に基づいて、パラメータＰｄを決定する。 The control unit 205 determines the parameter Pd based on the time required for the increase in power consumption to reach the target value when the operation mode of the device 160 is shifted.
　制御部２０５は、例えば、消費電力量が目標値に達するまでに要する時間が２０分以上ならＰｄ＝１、１０分以上２０分未満ならＰｄ＝２、１分以上１０分未満ならＰｄ＝３、１分未満ならＰｄ＝４、等というように、点数を付与する。具体的な数値は任意である。 For example, if the time required for the power consumption to reach the target value is 20 minutes or more, the control unit 205 is Pd = 1, if it is 10 minutes or more and less than 20 minutes, Pd = 2, if it is 1 minute or more and less than 10 minutes, Pd = 3 If it is less than 1 minute, a score is given such as Pd = 4. Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
　図１３に、時間の経過と消費電力量との関係の例を示す。線１３０１に対応する第１の機器では、消費電力量が目標値まで達するまで時間ＴＡを要する。一方、線１３０２に対応する第２の機器では、消費電力量が目標値まで達するまでに、時間ＴＡよりも長い時間ＴＢを要する。第１のスケジュールが、線１３０１が示す消費電力量の推移に従って第１の機器を制御するものであり、第２のスケジュールが、線１３０２が示す消費電力量の推移に従って第２の機器を制御するものである場合、第１のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｄは、第２のスケジュールにおけるパラメータＰｄよりも大きい。 FIG. 13 shows an example of the relationship between the passage of time and the power consumption. The first device corresponding to the line 1301 requires time TA until the power consumption reaches the target value. On the other hand, the second device corresponding to the line 1302 requires a time TB longer than the time TA until the power consumption reaches the target value. The first schedule controls the first device according to the transition of the power consumption amount indicated by the line 1301, and the second schedule controls the second device according to the transition of the power consumption amount indicated by the line 1302. If so, the parameter Pd in the first schedule is larger than the parameter Pd in the second schedule.
　以上説明したパラメータＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄを用いて、制御部２０５は、［式１］に基づいて優先度を計算する。 Using the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, and Pd described above, the control unit 205 calculates the priority based on [Equation 1].
　優先度　＝　Ｗａ＊Ｐａ＋Ｗｂ＊Ｐｂ＋Ｗｃ＊Ｐｃ＋Ｗｄ＊Ｐｄ
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　・・・［式１］
　ただし、演算子“＊”は乗算を表す。 Priority = Wa * Pa + Wb * Pb + Wc * Pc + Wd * Pd
... [Formula 1]
However, the operator “*” represents multiplication.
　Ｗａ，Ｗｂ，Ｗｃ，Ｗｄは重み係数であり、正の値である。重み係数は、制御部２０５により、あるいはユーザにより、予め決定される。制御部２０５は、パラメータＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄのうち、優先度への貢献を大きくさせるパラメータに対応する重み係数に、相対的に大きな値を設定すればよい。 Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd are weighting factors and are positive values. The weighting factor is determined in advance by the control unit 205 or by the user. The control unit 205 may set a relatively large value for the weighting factor corresponding to the parameter that increases the contribution to the priority among the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, and Pd.
　制御部２０５は、推測された余剰の継続時間に応じて重み係数Ｗａ，Ｗｂ，Ｗｃ，Ｗｄを変化させてもよい。 The control unit 205 may change the weighting factors Wa, Wb, Wc, and Wd according to the estimated surplus duration.
　制御部２０５は、計算された優先度が大きい順に、スケジュールを前倒しする。 The control unit 205 advances the schedule in descending order of the calculated priority.
　優先度の計算に用いるパラメータは、上記のＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄだけに限られない。例えば、制御部２０５は、以下に示すパラメータＰｅ，Ｐｆを採用することもできる。 Parameters used for the priority calculation are not limited to Pa, Pb, Pc, and Pd. For example, the control unit 205 can employ parameters Pe and Pf shown below.
（ｅ）動作モードを表すパラメータＰｅ
　制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生した時点で設定されていた機器１６０の動作モードを判別し、パラメータＰｅを決定する。 (E) Parameter Pe representing the operation mode
The control unit 205 determines the operation mode of the device 160 set when surplus power is generated, and determines the parameter Pe.
　例えば、機器１６０の動作モードに、消費電力量が多い順に、通常モード、弱い省エネルギーモード、強い省エネルギーモードの３つがある場合、余剰電力が発生した時点で通常モードに設定されていればＰｅ＝１、弱い省エネルギーモードに設定されていればＰｅ＝２，強い省エネルギーモードに設定されていればＰｅ＝３、等というように、点数を付与する。具体的な数値は任意である。 For example, when there are three operation modes of the device 160 in the descending order of power consumption, a normal mode, a weak energy saving mode, and a strong energy saving mode, Pe = 1 if the normal mode is set when surplus power is generated. If the weak energy saving mode is set, Pe = 2, if the strong energy saving mode is set, Pe = 3, and so on. Specific numerical values are arbitrary.
（ｆ）消費電力量を表すパラメータＰｆ
　制御部２０５は、動作モードの変更により増加する消費電力量に基づいて、パラメータＰｆを決定する。 (F) Parameter Pf representing power consumption
The control unit 205 determines the parameter Pf based on the power consumption that increases due to the change of the operation mode.
　例えば、制御部２０５は、機器１６０ごとに、待機状態から第１の動作モードへ移行させた場合における消費電力の増加量、第１の動作モードから第２の動作モードへ移行させた場合における消費電力の増加量、第２の動作モードから第３の動作モードへ移行させた場合における消費電力の増加量、等を予め記憶部２０３に記憶する。制御部２０５は、余剰電力が発生したときの動作モードから他の動作モードへ移行させる場合における消費電力の増加量を記憶部２０３から取得する。そして、制御部２０５は、許可グループに分類されたスケジュールのそれぞれについて、パラメータＰｆを計算する。 For example, for each device 160, the control unit 205 increases the amount of power consumption when shifting from the standby state to the first operation mode, and consumption when shifting from the first operation mode to the second operation mode. The amount of increase in power, the amount of increase in power consumption when shifting from the second operation mode to the third operation mode, and the like are stored in the storage unit 203 in advance. The control unit 205 acquires from the storage unit 203 an increase in power consumption when shifting from the operation mode when surplus power is generated to another operation mode. Then, the control unit 205 calculates the parameter Pf for each schedule classified into the permission group.
　制御部２０５は、上記各パラメータＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄ，Ｐｅ，Ｐｆを自由に組み合わせて優先度を計算することができる。 The control unit 205 can calculate the priority by freely combining the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, and Pf.
　制御部２０５は、機器１６０が稼働状態か待機状態かに応じて、優先度を計算するための計算式を変更してもよい。 The control unit 205 may change the calculation formula for calculating the priority according to whether the device 160 is in an operating state or a standby state.
　例えば、機器１６０が稼働状態である場合、制御部２０５は、その機器１６０の動作モードを変更する優先度を［式２］に基づいて計算する。 For example, when the device 160 is in an operating state, the control unit 205 calculates the priority for changing the operation mode of the device 160 based on [Expression 2].
　優先度　＝　Ｗｃ＊Ｐｃ＋Ｗｅ＊Ｐｅ＋Ｗｄ＊Ｐｄ＋Ｗｆ＊Ｐｆ
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　・・・［式２］ Priority = Wc * Pc + We * Pe + Wd * Pd + Wf * Pf
... [Formula 2]
　つまり、機器１６０が稼働状態である場合、蓄エネルギーの効果の大きさと、動作モードと、消費電力量の特性と、消費電力量の大きさとに基づいて、優先度が決まる。 That is, when the device 160 is in the operating state, the priority is determined based on the magnitude of the energy storage effect, the operation mode, the characteristics of the power consumption, and the magnitude of the power consumption.
　一方、機器１６０が待機状態である場合、制御部２０５は、その機器１６０の動作モードを変更する優先度を［式３］に基づいて計算する。 On the other hand, when the device 160 is in the standby state, the control unit 205 calculates the priority for changing the operation mode of the device 160 based on [Equation 3].
　優先度　＝　Ｗａ＊Ｐａ＋Ｗｃ＊Ｐｃ＋Ｗｅ＊Ｐｅ＋Ｗｄ＊Ｐｄ＋Ｗｆ＊Ｐｆ
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　・・・［式３］ Priority = Wa * Pa + Wc * Pc + We * Pe + Wd * Pd + Wf * Pf
... [Formula 3]
　つまり、機器１６０が待機状態である場合、更にスケジュールの影響度に基づいて、優先度が決まる。 That is, when the device 160 is in a standby state, the priority is further determined based on the influence of the schedule.
　図１４に、記憶部２０３に記憶される状態テーブル１４００を示す。制御部２０５は、予め決められた時間間隔ごとに、機器１６０が稼働状態（ＯＮ）か待機状態（ＯＦＦ）か、ユーザによって優先的に処理することが指定されているか否か（ユーザ指定）、ユーザにとっての理想的な設定と相違があるか否か（相違）、を判別する。そして、制御部２０５は、それらの判別結果、及び、パラメータＰａ，Ｐｂ，Ｐｃ，Ｐｄ，Ｐｅ，Ｐｆの各値と現在の消費電力量を更新する。 FIG. 14 shows a state table 1400 stored in the storage unit 203. The control unit 205 determines whether the device 160 is in an operating state (ON) or a standby state (OFF) at every predetermined time interval, or whether or not the user preferentially performs processing (user designation). It is determined whether or not there is a difference from the ideal setting for the user (difference). Then, the control unit 205 updates the determination results, the values of the parameters Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, and Pf and the current power consumption.
　制御部２０５が状態テーブル１４００を更新する周期は任意である。本実施形態では、制御部２０５は、１分間隔で状態テーブル１４００を更新する。 The cycle in which the control unit 205 updates the state table 1400 is arbitrary. In the present embodiment, the control unit 205 updates the state table 1400 at 1 minute intervals.
　制御部２０５は、機器１６０が待機中の場合における状態テーブル１４００と、機器１６０が稼働中の場合における状態テーブル１４００とを別々に記憶部２０３に記憶してもよい。 The control unit 205 may store the state table 1400 when the device 160 is in standby and the state table 1400 when the device 160 is in operation in the storage unit 203 separately.
　図１５に、記憶部２０３に記憶される設定テーブル１５００を示す。設定テーブル１５００には、機器１６０ごとに、許可グループに分類するための時間幅と、冷房の理想的な設定温度と、暖房の理想的な設定温度と、理想的な明るさとが記憶される。 FIG. 15 shows a setting table 1500 stored in the storage unit 203. The setting table 1500 stores, for each device 160, a time width for classifying into a permission group, an ideal setting temperature for cooling, an ideal setting temperature for heating, and an ideal brightness.
　上述したように、余剰電力が発生した時刻から、設定テーブル１５００に設定された時間幅以内であれば、スケジュールは許可グループに分類される。 As described above, the schedule is classified into a permission group if it is within the time range set in the setting table 1500 from the time when surplus power is generated.
　設定テーブル１５００には、ユーザによって予め入力された値が記憶される。制御部２０５は、設定テーブル１５００に記憶された設定値を用いて、スケジュールを変更したり機器１６０を制御したりする。 In the setting table 1500, values previously input by the user are stored. The control unit 205 changes the schedule or controls the device 160 using the setting values stored in the setting table 1500.
　次に、本実施形態のＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００が実行する機器制御処理について、図１６のフローチャートを用いて説明する。 Next, device control processing executed by the HEMS controller 100 of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
　制御部２０５は、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１内の各機器１６０の動作状態等を取得し、上述の状態テーブル１４００を更新する（ステップＳ１６０１）。 The control unit 205 acquires the operation state and the like of each device 160 in the energy management system 1 and updates the above-described state table 1400 (step S1601).
　状態テーブル１４００は、定期的なタイミングで更新される。制御部２０５は、状態テーブル１４００の更新を、図１６に示す機器制御処理と並行してバックグラウンドで実行してもよい。 The status table 1400 is updated at regular timing. The control unit 205 may update the state table 1400 in the background in parallel with the device control process shown in FIG.
　制御部２０５は、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１全体による消費電力量と、発電システムによる発電量とに基づいて、余剰電力があるか否かを判別する（ステップＳ１６０２）。 The control unit 205 determines whether there is surplus power based on the amount of power consumed by the entire energy management system 1 and the amount of power generated by the power generation system (step S1602).
　余剰電力がない場合（ステップＳ１６０２；ＮＯ）、制御部２０５は機器制御処理を終了する。 When there is no surplus power (step S1602; NO), the control unit 205 ends the device control process.
　余剰電力がある場合（ステップＳ１６０２；ＹＥＳ）、制御部２０５は、蓄電システム１３０の空き容量があるか否かを判別する（ステップＳ１６０３）。 When there is surplus power (step S1602; YES), the control unit 205 determines whether there is a free capacity in the power storage system 130 (step S1603).
　制御部２０５は、蓄電量が上限値（例えば９５％等）に達していれば空き容量が無いと判別し、蓄電量が上限値に達していなければ空き容量があると判別する。 The control unit 205 determines that there is no free capacity if the charged amount has reached an upper limit value (for example, 95%), and determines that there is a free capacity if the charged amount has not reached the upper limit value.
　空き容量がある場合（ステップＳ１６０３；ＹＥＳ）、制御部２０５は、蓄電システム１３０に余剰電力を蓄電させ（ステップＳ１６０４）、ステップＳ１６０２の処理に戻る。 If there is free capacity (step S1603; YES), the control unit 205 causes the power storage system 130 to store surplus power (step S1604), and returns to the process of step S1602.
　空き容量がない場合（ステップＳ１６０３；ＮＯ）、制御部２０５は、余剰の継続時間を推測し、推測された継続時間が閾値以上か否かを判別する（ステップＳ１６０５）。 If there is no free space (step S1603; NO), the control unit 205 estimates the surplus duration and determines whether the estimated duration is equal to or greater than a threshold (step S1605).
　推測された継続時間が閾値以上の場合（ステップＳ１６０５；ＹＥＳ）、制御部２０５は、状態テーブル１４００に基づいて、稼働中の機器１６０があるか否かを判別する（ステップＳ１６０６）。待機中とは、機器１６０が待機電力のみ消費し、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００からの指示もしくはユーザからの指示を待機している状態である。稼働中とは、機器１６０が待機中ではない状態である。 If the estimated duration is equal to or greater than the threshold (step S1605; YES), the control unit 205 determines whether there is a device 160 in operation based on the state table 1400 (step S1606). The standby state is a state in which the device 160 consumes only standby power and waits for an instruction from the HEMS controller 100 or an instruction from the user. In operation, the device 160 is not in a standby state.
　稼働中の機器１６０がある場合（ステップ１６０６；ＹＥＳ）、制御部２０５は、稼働中の機器１６０の動作を変更し（ステップＳ１６０７）、ステップＳ１６０１の処理に戻る。 When there is an operating device 160 (step 1606; YES), the control unit 205 changes the operation of the operating device 160 (step S1607) and returns to the process of step S1601.
　例えば、制御部２０５は、登録されているスケジュールのうち、稼働中の機器１６０の動作モードを変更するスケジュールを前倒しすることにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させる。 For example, the control unit 205 causes the device 160 to consume surplus power by moving forward the schedule for changing the operation mode of the operating device 160 among the registered schedules.
　また、制御部２０５は、稼働中の機器１６０のうち、ユーザにとっての理想的な設定値と異なる設定値にて稼働している機器１６０を、ユーザにとっての理想的な設定値で稼働させることにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させてもよい。 Also, the control unit 205 operates the device 160 that is operating at a setting value different from the ideal setting value for the user among the operating devices 160 with the ideal setting value for the user. The excess power may be consumed by the device 160.
　また、制御部２０５は、ピークカット制御、すなわち電力の需要がピークにあたる時間帯の消費電力量を低く抑える制御を解除することにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させてもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by canceling peak cut control, that is, control for reducing power consumption during a time period in which power demand is at a peak.
　また、制御部２０５は、状態テーブル１４００に基づいて、ユーザによって優先的に処理するように指定された機器１６０の動作モードを変更することにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させてもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by changing the operation mode of the device 160 designated to be preferentially processed by the user based on the state table 1400.
　なお、ステップＳ１６０７において機器１６０の動作モードを変更して余剰電力を消費させたものの、まだ余剰電力がある場合には、制御部２０５は、余剰電力が無くなるまでステップＳ１６０１～Ｓ１６０７の処理を繰り返す。 It should be noted that if the surplus power is consumed by changing the operation mode of the device 160 in step S1607, but there is still surplus power, the control unit 205 repeats the processing in steps S1601 to S1607 until there is no surplus power.
　次に、制御部２０５は、待機中の機器１６０の動作を変更する（ステップＳ１６０８）。すなわち、制御部２０５は、稼働中の機器１６０の動作の変更を優先し、それでも余剰が解消されなければ、待機中の機器１６０の動作を変更する。 Next, the control unit 205 changes the operation of the standby device 160 (step S1608). That is, the control unit 205 prioritizes the change in the operation of the operating device 160, and changes the operation of the standby device 160 if the surplus is not resolved.
　例えば、制御部２０５は、登録されているスケジュールのうち、待機中の機器１６０を起動するスケジュールを前倒しすることにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させる。 For example, the control unit 205 causes the device 160 to consume surplus power by moving forward the schedule for starting the standby device 160 among the registered schedules.
　また、制御部２０５は、状態テーブル１４００に基づいて、ユーザにより優先的に処理するように指定された機器１６０を起動することにより、機器１６０に余剰電力を消費させてもよい。 Further, the control unit 205 may cause the device 160 to consume surplus power by activating the device 160 designated to be preferentially processed by the user based on the state table 1400.
　なお、ステップＳ１６０５において、推測された継続時間が閾値未満の場合（ステップＳ１６０５；ＮＯ）、制御部２０５は、発電システム１２０による発電を抑制させ（ステップＳ１６０９）、機器制御処理を終了する。 In step S1605, when the estimated duration is less than the threshold (step S1605; NO), the control unit 205 suppresses power generation by the power generation system 120 (step S1609), and ends the device control process.
　本実施形態によれば、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１において、ＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００は、発電の廃棄ロスを減らし、余剰電力をユーザにとって都合良く活用することができる。 According to the present embodiment, in the energy management system 1, the HEMS controller 100 can reduce the waste loss of power generation and can utilize surplus power conveniently for the user.
　本発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されず、種々の変形及び応用が可能である。また、上述した実施形態の各構成要素を自由に組み合わせることも可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible. Moreover, it is also possible to freely combine the constituent elements of the above-described embodiments.
　機器１６０による消費電力量の推移は、一般に誤差を含む。制御部２０５は、図１２に示す消費電力量のそれぞれについて、予想される誤差を合わせて記憶してもよい。 The transition of power consumption by the device 160 generally includes an error. The control unit 205 may store an expected error for each of the power consumption amounts shown in FIG.
　機器１６０による消費電力量の推移は、機器１６０が設置された環境（例えば寒冷地か温暖地か）、機器１６０が設置されてから経過した日数等によって変化する可能性がある。制御部２０５は、実際に計測された消費電力量を用いて、図１２に示す消費電力量の推移を表すデータを随時更新してもよい。 The transition of power consumption by the device 160 may change depending on the environment in which the device 160 is installed (for example, in a cold region or a warm region), the number of days that have elapsed since the device 160 is installed, and the like. The control unit 205 may update the data representing the transition of the power consumption amount shown in FIG. 12 as needed using the actually measured power consumption amount.
　制御部２０５は、通信部２０４を介して、インターネット等の外部ネットワーク上にあるサーバから、機器１６０による消費電力量の特性を表すデータを取得し、図１２に示す消費電力量の推移を表すデータを更新してもよい。 The control unit 205 acquires data representing the power consumption characteristic of the device 160 from a server on an external network such as the Internet via the communication unit 204, and represents the transition of the power consumption amount illustrated in FIG. May be updated.
　エネルギーマネジメントシステム１内にＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００を設置する代わりに、少なくとも一つの機器１６０が、上述したＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００が有する機能を兼ね備えてもよい。 Instead of installing the HEMS controller 100 in the energy management system 1, at least one device 160 may have the functions of the HEMS controller 100 described above.
　また、機器１６０のそれぞれが、上述したＨＥＭＳコントローラ１００が有する機能を兼ね備えてもよい。そして、機器１６０は、機器１６０自身の動作を指定するスケジュールの入力をユーザから受け付けてメモリに記憶し、余剰電力が発生すると、上述のように許可グループに分類されるスケジュールを前倒しして実行してもよい。この場合、機器１６０に入力されるスケジュールによる制御対象は機器１６０自身であるので、エネルギーマネジメントシステム１内に複数の機器１６０が含まれていても、機器１６０は、スケジュールによって示されるユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する必要はない。 Also, each of the devices 160 may have the functions of the HEMS controller 100 described above. The device 160 receives an input of a schedule for designating the operation of the device 160 itself from the user and stores it in a memory. When surplus power is generated, the device 160 executes the schedule classified into the permission group as described above. May be. In this case, since the control target according to the schedule input to the device 160 is the device 160 itself, even if the energy management system 1 includes a plurality of devices 160, the device 160 is associated with the user indicated by the schedule. There is no need to determine the device to be used.
　スケジュール表６００に登録されるスケジュールによる制御対象の機器１６０及び処理内容は、本発明によって限定されない。例えば、機器１６０の種類及び処理内容には、次に掲げるものがある。 The device 160 to be controlled and the processing content according to the schedule registered in the schedule table 600 are not limited by the present invention. For example, the types and processing contents of the device 160 include the following.
・空調機・・・冷房と暖房と除湿と送風における稼働状態（ＯＮ）と待機状態（ＯＦＦ）、設定温度の変更、フィルターの清掃、予冷、予暖。
・床暖房・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、設定温度の変更、予暖。
・給湯システム・・・湯沸かし。水量の変更。温度の変更。
・電気自動車・・・充電。
・冷凍冷蔵庫・・・製氷、霜取り。
・照明器具・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、明るさの変更。
・テレビジョン受像機・・・明るさの変更。
・ＩＨクッキングヒータ・・・火力の制限の開始及び解除。
・換気システム・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、風量の変更。
・炊飯器・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ。
・電気ポット・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、再沸騰。
・洗濯機、乾燥機・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ。
・トイレ・・・温水便座のＯＮとＯＦＦ、自動清掃。
・パーソナルコンピュータ・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、充電。
・お掃除ロボット・・・ＯＮとＯＦＦ、充電。 -Air conditioner: Operating state (ON) and standby state (OFF) in cooling, heating, dehumidification, and ventilation, changing the set temperature, cleaning the filter, precooling, preheating.
・ Floor heating: ON and OFF, set temperature change, pre-warming.
・ Hot-water supply system: Water heater. Change the amount of water. Temperature change.
・ Electric car: Charging.
-Refrigerated refrigerator ... ice making, defrosting.
・ Lighting equipment: ON and OFF, brightness change.
・ Television receiver: Change of brightness.
・ IH cooking heater: Start and release of thermal power limitation.
・ Ventilation system: ON and OFF, change of air volume.
・ Rice cooker: ON and OFF.
-Electric pot: ON and OFF, re-boiling.
・ Washing machine, dryer ... ON and OFF.
・ Toilet: ON / OFF of hot water toilet seat, automatic cleaning.
・ Personal computer: ON and OFF, charging.
・ Cleaning robot: ON and OFF, charging.
　これら各処理はいずれも、スケジュール表６００に登録することが可能である。制御部２０５は、これらの各処理のいずれか一つ以上が対応付けられるスケジュールを前倒しすることが可能である。 Each of these processes can be registered in the schedule table 600. The control unit 205 can advance a schedule associated with any one or more of these processes.
　上記のエネルギーマネジメントシステム１の全部又は一部としてコンピュータを動作させるためのプログラムを、メモリカード、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ、ＤＶＤ、ＭＯ（Magneto Optical disk）等のコンピュータが読み取り可能な記録媒体に格納して配布し、これを別のコンピュータにインストールし、上述の手段として動作させ、あるいは、上述の工程を実行させてもよい。 A program for operating a computer as all or part of the energy management system 1 is stored and distributed on a computer-readable recording medium such as a memory card, CD-ROM, DVD, or MO (Magneto Optical Disk). Then, it may be installed in another computer and operated as the above-described means, or the above-described steps may be executed.
　更に、インターネット上のサーバ装置が有するディスク装置等にプログラムを格納しておき、例えば、搬送波に重畳させて、コンピュータにダウンロード等するものとしてもよい。 Furthermore, the program may be stored in a disk device or the like included in a server device on the Internet, and may be downloaded onto a computer by being superimposed on a carrier wave, for example.
　本発明は、本発明の広義の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく、様々な実施形態及び変形が可能とされるものである。また、上述した実施形態は、本発明を説明するためのものであり、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。つまり、本発明の範囲は、実施形態ではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示される。そして、特許請求の範囲内及びそれと同等の発明の意義の範囲内で施される様々な変形が、本発明の範囲内とみなされる。 The present invention is capable of various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, the above-described embodiment is for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
　以上説明したように、本発明によれば、発電の廃棄ロスを減らし、余剰電力をユーザにとって都合良く活用することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the power generation waste loss and to utilize surplus power conveniently for the user.
　１　エネルギーマネジメントシステム、１００　ＨＥＭＳコントローラ、１１０　パワーコンディショナ、１１１　制御ユニット、１１２　ＰＣＳ、１１３　双方向ＰＣＳ、１２０　発電システム、１３０　蓄電システム、１４０　分電盤、１５０　計測部、１６０　機器、１７０　電力線、２０１　入力部、２０２　表示部、２０３　記憶部、２０４　通信部、２０５　制御部、３００　レイアウト定義テーブル、４００　機器－部屋対応付けテーブル、５００　部屋－ユーザ対応付けテーブル、６００　スケジュール表、１４００　状態テーブル、１５００　設定テーブル 1 energy management system, 100 HEMS controller, 110 power conditioner, 111 control unit, 112 PCS, 113 bidirectional PCS, 120 power generation system, 130 power storage system, 140 distribution board, 150 measuring unit, 160 equipment, 170 power line, 201 Input unit, 202 display unit, 203 storage unit, 204 communication unit, 205 control unit, 300 layout definition table, 400 device-room association table, 500 room-user association table, 600 schedule table, 1400 status table, 1500 setting table

Claims (14)

  1. 　ユーザと前記ユーザから入力された時刻とを対応付ける複数のスケジュールを記憶する記憶部と、
    　前記スケジュールによって示される前記ユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する判別部と、
    　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に前記判別された機器を制御する制御部と、
    　を備え、
    　前記制御部は、余剰電力が発生すると、前記記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記判別された機器の制御を前記早められた時刻において前記機器に開始させる、
    　コントローラ。     A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a user and a time input by the user;
    A determination unit for determining a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule;
    A control unit that controls the identified device at a time associated with the schedule;
    With
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and controls the determined device. Let the device start at an earlier time,
    controller.
  2. 　前記記憶部は、前記機器による消費電力の特性を示すデータを更に記憶し、
    　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記判別された機器による消費電力の特性に基づいて、前記時刻を早めるスケジュールを決定する、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     The storage unit further stores data indicating characteristics of power consumption by the device,
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit determines a schedule for advancing the time based on characteristics of power consumption by the determined device.
    The controller according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記機器による消費電力の特性に基づいて、前記スケジュールの優先度を計算し、前記スケジュールのうち前記優先度が最も高いスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項２に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit calculates the priority of the schedule based on the characteristics of power consumption by the device, and advances the time of the schedule having the highest priority among the schedules.
    The controller according to claim 2.
  4. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記機器を制御することにより得られる環境への効果の持続度に基づいて、前記スケジュールの優先度を計算し、前記スケジュールのうち前記優先度が最も高いスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit calculates the priority of the schedule based on a degree of environmental effect obtained by controlling the device, and the priority is the highest among the schedules. Advance the time of high schedules,
    The controller according to claim 1.
  5. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記スケジュールが開始される時刻から終了される時刻までの時間の長さと、前記スケジュールに対応付けられるユーザの数と、前記判別された機器の数と、のうち少なくともいずれか一つに基づいて、前記スケジュールの優先度を計算し、前記スケジュールのうち前記優先度が最も高いスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit includes a length of time from a time at which the schedule is started to a time at which the schedule is ended, a number of users associated with the schedule, and a number of the determined devices. , Calculating the priority of the schedule based on at least one of them, and advancing the time of the schedule with the highest priority among the schedules,
    The controller according to claim 1.
  6. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記余剰電力が発生した時刻から前記スケジュールが開始される時刻までの時間の長さに基づいて、前記スケジュールの優先度を計算し、前記スケジュールのうち前記優先度が最も高いスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit calculates a priority of the schedule based on a length of time from a time when the surplus power is generated to a time when the schedule is started, Advance the time of the schedule with the highest priority,
    The controller according to claim 1.
  7. 　前記機器の動作のモードは複数あり、
    　前記特性は、第１のモードから第２のモードへ移行する際の消費電力量の推移を表し、
    　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記余剰電力の量と、前記特性が示す消費電力量の推移と、に基づいて、前記スケジュールの優先度を計算し、前記スケジュールのうち前記優先度が最も高いスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     There are multiple modes of operation of the device,
    The characteristic represents a transition of power consumption when shifting from the first mode to the second mode,
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit calculates the priority of the schedule based on the amount of surplus power and the transition of the power consumption indicated by the characteristic, and the priority of the schedule is calculated. Advance the time of the highest schedule,
    The controller according to claim 1.
  8. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記余剰電力の発生の継続時間を推測し、前記推測された継続時間が閾値より大きい場合に、前記許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit estimates a duration of generation of the surplus power, and when the estimated duration is larger than a threshold, advances the time of the schedule classified into the permission group.
    The controller according to claim 1.
  9. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記機器の過去の動作履歴に基づいて、前記ユーザの嗜好を推測し、前記推測された嗜好に基づいて、前記許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit estimates a preference of the user based on a past operation history of the device, and a time of a schedule classified into the permission group based on the estimated preference Speed up,
    The controller according to claim 1.
  10. 　前記制御部は、前記余剰電力が発生すると、前記ユーザから入力された前記機器の設定値と、前記余剰電力が発生したときにおける前記機器の設定値と、の比較結果に基づいて、前記許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早める、
    　請求項１に記載のコントローラ。     When the surplus power is generated, the control unit determines the permission group based on a comparison result between the set value of the device input from the user and the set value of the device when the surplus power is generated. Advance the time of schedules classified as
    The controller according to claim 1.
  11. 　コントローラと複数の機器とを有するエネルギーマネジメントシステムであって、
    　ユーザと前記ユーザから入力された時刻とを対応付ける複数のスケジュールを記憶する記憶部と、
    　前記複数の機器の中から、前記スケジュールによって示される前記ユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する判別部と、
    　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に前記判別された機器を制御する制御部と、
    　を備え、
    　前記制御部は、余剰電力が発生すると、前記記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記判別された機器の制御を前記早められた時刻において前記機器に開始させる、
    　エネルギーマネジメントシステム。     An energy management system having a controller and a plurality of devices,
    A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a user and a time input by the user;
    A determination unit that determines a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule from the plurality of devices;
    A control unit that controls the identified device at a time associated with the schedule;
    With
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and controls the determined device. Let the device start at an earlier time,
    Energy management system.
  12. 　ユーザから入力された時刻と動作とを対応付ける複数のスケジュールを記憶する記憶部と、
    　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に、前記スケジュールに対応付けられる動作を制御する制御部と、
    　を備え、
    　前記制御部は、余剰電力が発生すると、前記記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記動作の制御を前記早められた時刻において開始する、
    　電力機器。     A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a time input by the user with an action;
    A control unit that controls an operation associated with the schedule at a time associated with the schedule;
    With
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and the control of the operation is advanced. Start at time,
    Electric power equipment.
  13. 　ユーザと前記ユーザから入力された時刻とを対応付ける複数のスケジュールをメモリに記憶する記憶ステップと、
    　前記スケジュールによって示される前記ユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する判別ステップと、
    　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に前記判別された機器を制御する制御ステップと、
    　を備え、
    　前記制御ステップでは、余剰電力が発生すると、前記メモリに記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記判別された機器の制御を前記早められた時刻において前記機器に開始させる、
    　エネルギーマネジメント方法。     A storage step of storing a plurality of schedules in the memory for associating the user with the time input by the user;
    A determination step of determining a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule;
    A control step of controlling the identified device at a time associated with the schedule;
    With
    In the control step, when surplus power is generated, among the schedules stored in the memory, the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time is advanced, and the control of the determined device is performed. Causes the device to start at the advanced time,
    Energy management method.
  14. 　コンピュータを、
    　ユーザと前記ユーザから入力された時刻とを対応付けるスケジュールを複数記憶する記憶部、
    　前記スケジュールによって示される前記ユーザに対応付けられる機器を判別する判別部、
    　前記スケジュールに対応付けられる時刻に前記判別された機器を制御する制御部、
    　として機能させ、
    　前記制御部は、余剰電力が発生すると、前記記憶されているスケジュールのうち、前記時刻を早めることが許可された許可グループに分類されるスケジュールの時刻を早め、前記判別された機器の制御を前記早められた時刻において前記機器に開始させる、
    　プログラム。     Computer
    A storage unit for storing a plurality of schedules for associating a user and a time input by the user;
    A determination unit for determining a device associated with the user indicated by the schedule;
    A control unit that controls the identified device at a time associated with the schedule;
    Function as
    When the surplus power is generated, the control unit advances the time of the schedule classified into the permitted group permitted to advance the time among the stored schedules, and controls the determined device. Let the device start at an earlier time,
    program.
PCT/JP2013/081008 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Controller, energy management system, power equipment, energy management method, and program WO2015072029A1 (en)

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