WO2015061929A1 - 一种列车供水装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种列车供水装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015061929A1
WO2015061929A1 PCT/CN2013/001472 CN2013001472W WO2015061929A1 WO 2015061929 A1 WO2015061929 A1 WO 2015061929A1 CN 2013001472 W CN2013001472 W CN 2013001472W WO 2015061929 A1 WO2015061929 A1 WO 2015061929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water tank
water
liquid level
way valve
water supply
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PCT/CN2013/001472
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李旻
王艳
郑金霞
邢喆
严巾堪
曲凯
Original Assignee
山东华腾环保科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201320670124.1U external-priority patent/CN203996238U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310516769.4A external-priority patent/CN103612637B/zh
Application filed by 山东华腾环保科技有限公司 filed Critical 山东华腾环保科技有限公司
Priority to EP13896769.0A priority Critical patent/EP3064655B1/en
Publication of WO2015061929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015061929A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/006Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61DBODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D35/00Sanitation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water supply apparatus and a control method therefor, and more particularly to a train water supply apparatus for continuous water supply using compressed air on a train.
  • Train water supply systems are used to provide clean water for toilets, kitchens, electric water heaters, and the like of trains.
  • the traditional train water supply system generally adopts a large clean water tank at the bottom of the train, and a small clean water tank at the top of the train.
  • the water in the large clean water tank at the bottom of the train is pumped to the small clean water tank at the top of the train, and then gravity self-flow is used.
  • the electric pump system often has problems such as frequent pump start-up, blockage and burnout, poor start-up of the pump, water leakage, and idling.
  • the electric pump due to the poor self-priming ability of the electric pump, it is generally suspended and installed under the train floor together with the clean water tank. The electric pump broke when the train was running and could not be repaired online.
  • the Chinese patent document CN200820115114. 0 discloses the "waterway water supply system water shortage protection control device and method", which includes a water tank, a water pump, a water pump control device, a water suction pipe, a water supply pipe, a water supply pressure sensor, a water supply flow sensor, Water level detection sensor, suction pressure sensor, pressure buffer tank.
  • a pump-less water supply device for mobi le use is disclosed in the international patent document W02010070075A1, which comprises a clean water tank for storing clean water and a connecting pipe for conveying water to the user, There are two intermediate buffer vessels on the pipeline and connected to the clean water tank.
  • a pressure control device is respectively connected with the clean water tank and the two intermediate buffer containers, and the water is transported from the clean water tank to the intermediate buffer tank by the pressure difference between the clean water tank and the intermediate buffer tank, and then the water is transported by the intermediate buffer tank. To the user.
  • the main object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art; provide a train water supply device; can be installed at the bottom of the vehicle according to needs, has low maintenance cost, reliable operation, and has no special pressure requirement for the water purification tank, Uninterrupted water supply.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a train water supply device includes a water purification tank, a water tank I, a water tank II and an ejector, the water tank I is connected to the water purification tank through a water absorption pipeline, and the water tank I is connected to the water tank II through an intermediate pipeline, the water tank II is connected to the water appliance through the water supply pipeline, and the upper part of the water tank I is connected to the vacuum port of the injector through the evacuation pipeline, and the air source interface of the injector is connected to the air source of the train through the evacuation air supply pipeline;
  • the upper part of the water tank I is connected to the train air source through the feed water supply line I, the upper part of the water tank II is connected to the atmosphere through the exhaust line; and the water tank ⁇ is connected to the train air source through the feed water supply line II;
  • the liquid level switch I and the liquid level switch II are provided from top to bottom, and the water tank II is provided with a liquid level switch III, a liquid level switch IV and a liquid level switch V from top to bottom.
  • the top of the clean water tank is in communication with the atmosphere.
  • the intermediate line has a check valve I.
  • the water supply line has a one-way wide II and a two-way valve II.
  • the exhaust port of the injector is open to the outside atmosphere.
  • the evacuation pipeline is provided with a two-way valve VI; the evacuated air supply pipeline is provided with a vacuum filtration pressure reducing valve and a two-way valve III.
  • the feed water supply line I is provided with a two-way valve V and a feed water filter pressure reducing valve; the feed water supply line II is provided with a two-way valve ⁇ , and shares a feed water filter pressure reducing valve with the feed water supply line I.
  • the water absorption pipeline is provided with a two-way valve I and a water filter; the exhaust pipeline is provided with a throttle valve and a two-way valve IV.
  • the control method of the train water supply device is as follows:
  • the control method of the water tank I is as follows:
  • Step 1-1 After the system starts working, first determine whether the liquid level in the water tank I reaches the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch I; if the upper liquid level is not reached, the water tank II is set to the water supply state, and the water tank I is set. To prepare the state, simultaneously open the two-way valve VL to close the two-way wide V, proceed to step 1-3; if the upper liquid level has been reached, proceed to step 1-2;
  • Step 1-2 Determine if the liquid level in the tank I is lower than the lower level indicated by the level switch II. If yes, set the tank II to the water supply state, set the tank I to the ready state, open the two-way valve ⁇ , close the two-way valve ⁇ , and proceed to step 1-
  • Step 1-3 Open the two-way valve VI and delay t to discharge the compressed air in the water tank 1.
  • Open the two-way valve III the injector starts to vacuum the water tank I; after the delay t 2 and then open the two-way valve I, the water in the clean water tank begins to flow into the water tank I through the suction line under the action of atmospheric pressure until the water tank After the liquid level in I reaches the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch I, the two-way valve VI is closed; after the delay t 3 , the two-way valve III is closed, the injector stops working; since the injector is just closed; after the delay t 4 Close the two-way valve I, the water in the suction line stops flowing, and proceeds to step 1-4;
  • Step 1-4 Determine whether the control system receives the stop command, and if not, return to step 1-2, and if yes, the process terminates;
  • the control method of the water tank II is:
  • Step 2-1 After the system starts working, first judge whether the liquid level in the water tank ⁇ has reached the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch III. If yes, go to step 2-2; if no, it means that there is less water in the water tank II, and when the water tank I is waiting for the water supply state, turn on the two-way wide IV, and discharge the gas in the water tank II until the liquid in the water tank II After reaching the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch III, proceed to step 2-2;
  • Step 2-2 Determine whether the liquid level in the water tank II is lower than the middle liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch IV; if not, open the two-way valve II for water supply and return to 2-1; if yes, then judge the water tank II Whether the liquid level reaches the lower liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch V; if not, if the water quantity in the water tank II is insufficient, the two-way wide II is closed, the water supply is suspended and the "water supply device low water level” alarm is issued, and then the steps 2-3 are entered. If yes, open the two-way ⁇ II for water supply, and proceed to steps 2 - 3;
  • Step 2-3 Determine whether the water tank I is in the water supply state at this time; if not, return to step 2-2; if yes, open the two-way valve IV to discharge the gas in the water tank II through the exhaust line, in the water tank I
  • the water enters the water tank II through the intermediate pipeline, and the liquid level in the water tank II rises; further, it is judged that the liquid level in the water tank II is the medium liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch IV; if not, the process returns to the step 2-2; if yes, Then judge whether the two-way valve II is in the open state; if not, open the two-way valve II and clear the "water supply device low water level" alarm, proceed to step 2 - 4; if yes, go directly to step 2-4;
  • Step 2-4 Determine whether the liquid level in the water tank II reaches the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch ;; if not, return to step 2-2 to continue the exhaust; if yes, close the two-way wide IV, and the exhaust stop , go to step 2-5;
  • Step 2-5 Determine if the control system receives the stop command. If not, return to step 2-2. If yes, the process ends.
  • the ejector adopts a multi-stage form, which has the characteristics of high ultimate vacuum and high efficiency.
  • the vacuum filtration pressure reducing valve, the two-way valve III, the injector, the two-way valve IV, the throttle valve, the feed water filtration pressure reducing valve, the two-way valve V, the two-way valve VI, the two-way valve are integrated in one
  • the integrated pneumatic version makes the structure more compact and easy to maintain.
  • the system is simpler in construction, consisting of an ejector without moving parts and a highly reliable valve member. There is no motor failure, transmission failure, sealing failure of the rotating parts inherent in the electric pump mode. Therefore, it is more reliable and the maintenance cost is low.
  • the system layout is more reasonable. According to the needs (such as the dining car and other requirements for high reliability of water supply), the clean water tank is placed under the train floor, and other water tanks and valve parts Waiting on the train floor. If the water supply unit fails during the train, no maintenance is required for maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water tank I of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of a water tank II of the present invention.
  • Injector 15. Two-way valve IV, 16. Flow valve, 17. Water supply filter pressure reducing valve, 18.
  • Two-way valve V 19. Two-way wide VI, 20.
  • Level switch I, 21b Level switch I, 21b.
  • a train water supply device includes a water purification tank 1, a water tank 15, a water tank 116, and an ejector 14.
  • the top of the clean water tank 1 communicates with the atmosphere, maintains normal pressure, and has no pressure requirement, so the clean water tank is light in weight.
  • the water tank I 5 is connected to the clean water tank 1 through a water suction pipe for temporarily storing the purified water flowing out of the clean water tank 1.
  • the suction pipe is used to transport the purified water from the clean water tank 1 to the water tank I 5 , and the water suction pipe is provided with a water filter ⁇ and a two-way valve I 8 .
  • the water tank 15 and the water tank 116 are connected by an intermediate pipe. There is a check valve 1 9 on the middle line to keep the water from being water Box II 6 flows to tank I 5 .
  • the water tank 116 is connected to the water appliance 2 through a water supply line. There are check valves ⁇ 10 and two-way valves II 11 on the water supply line. The check valve II 10 prevents water from being returned to the water supply by the water appliance 2.
  • the upper portion of the water tank I 5 is connected to the vacuum port of the ejector 14 through an evacuation line.
  • the air supply port of the ejector 14 is connected to the air source 4 of the train (pressure is 0.5 to 1.0 MPa) by evacuating the air supply line.
  • the exhaust port of the ejector 14 is open to the outside atmosphere 3 .
  • the ejector 14 is for generating a negative pressure in the water tank I 5 , thereby causing the water to flow through the water suction pipe to the water tank 1 to the water tank I 5 .
  • a two-way valve VI19 is provided on the evacuation line.
  • the evacuated air supply line is provided with a vacuum filter pressure reducing valve 12 and a two-way wide 11113.
  • the pumping pressure reducing valve 12 is used to filter the compressed air and adjust to the pressure required for the operation of the injector 14 (e.g., 0.4 to 0.7 MPa).
  • the upper portion of the water tank I 5 is also connected to the outlet of the feed water filtration pressure reducing valve 17 through the feed water supply line I.
  • the inlet of the feed water filtration pressure reducing valve 17 is connected to the gas source 4 of the train for removing oil mist and impurities therein, cleaning the compressed air, and adjusting the pressure required for the water supply (for example, 5 (T200 KPa).
  • the water supply line I is provided.
  • Two-way valve V 18 18.
  • the upper portion of the water tank II 6 is connected to the outlet of the feed water filtration pressure reduction line 17 through the feed water supply line II.
  • Feed water supply line II is equipped with two-way valve VII20.
  • the upper part of the water tank 116 is also discharged to the outside of the vehicle through the exhaust line.
  • a throttle valve 16 and a two-way wide IV15 are provided on the exhaust line. The throttle valve 16 is used to control the exhaust speed of the water tank 116 to ensure that the water supply pressure during the exhaust is relatively stable.
  • the water tank I 5 is provided with a liquid level switch I 21a and a liquid level switch II 21b from top to bottom for detecting the upper liquid level and the lower liquid level of the water tank I 5 , respectively.
  • the water tank 116 is provided with a liquid level switch 11122&, a liquid level switch IV22b and a liquid level switch V22c from the top to the bottom, respectively for detecting the upper liquid level, the middle liquid level and the lower liquid level of the water tank 116.
  • the workflow of the present invention is divided into two parts: a work flow tank and a water tank ⁇ 6 work flow.
  • the two parts are executed in parallel and are relatively independent in function and related.
  • the water tank 1 5 and the water tank II 6 are all ready during start-up, and only one is in the water supply state during operation.
  • the control method of the water tank I is as follows: When the liquid level in the water tank 15 is lower than the upper liquid level of the water tank 15 when the power is turned on, the negative pressure is generated in the water tank I 5 by the operation of the ejector, and the water in the clean water tank 1 is The tank I 5 is sucked in until the liquid level in the tank I 5 reaches the upper level of the tank 15 and is added to the subsequent process.
  • the water tank 116 when the liquid level in the water tank 15 is lower than the lower liquid level of the water tank 15, the water tank 116 is set to the water supply state, the water tank 1 5 is set to the ready state, and the water tank is operated by the ejector to make the water tank 1 5 A negative pressure is generated inside, and the water in the clean water tank is sucked into the water tank I until the liquid level in the water tank 15 reaches the upper liquid level of the water tank 15.
  • the water tank 1 5 is set to the water supply state
  • the water tank 116 is set to the ready state, and the water flows from the water tank 15 to the water appliance;
  • the working process of the water tank II is: When the power is turned on, if the liquid level in the water tank 116 is lower than the upper liquid level of the water tank 116, and the water tank 15 is in the water supply state, the two-way valve IV15 is opened, and the water tank 116 is opened through the exhaust line. Gas is discharged until the water tank 116 The liquid level in the tank reaches the upper level of the water tank 116, and then the two-way valve IV15 is closed, and the subsequent process is entered. In the subsequent work, if the liquid level in the water tank ⁇ 6 is not lower than the middle liquid level of the water tank 116, the two-way valve 1111 is opened to supply water through the water supply line.
  • the two-way valve 11 11 is closed, the water supply is suspended, and the "water supply low water level" alarm is issued. If the liquid level in the water tank 116 is lower than the middle liquid level of the water tank ⁇ 6 and not lower than the lower liquid level, the two-way valve 1111 is opened, water is supplied through the water supply line, and when the water tank 15 is in the water supply state, the two-way is opened. The valve IV discharges the gas in the water tank 116 through the exhaust line, and the liquid level in the water tank 116 rises.
  • Step 1-1 After the system starts working, first judge the liquid level H in the water tank I 5 and reach the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch I 21a. If the upper level is not reached, set the water tank 116 to the water supply state, set the water tank 1 5 to the ready state, open the two-way valve VII20, close the two-way wide V 18, and proceed to steps 1-3. If the upper level has been reached, proceed to step 1-2.
  • Step 1-2 Determine if the liquid level H in the water tank 1 5 is lower than the lower liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch II 21b. If yes, set the water tank 116 to the water supply state, set the water tank 1 5 to the ready state, open the two-way valve VII20, close the two-way wide V 18, and proceed to steps 1-3. If not, set the water tank 1 5 to the water supply state, set the water tank 116 to the ready state, open the two-way wide V 18 at the same time, close the two-way valve II20, and return to step 1-2.
  • the two-way valve 11113 is opened and the injector 14 begins to evacuate the water tank I5.
  • the two-way valve I 8 is opened, and the water in the clean water tank 1 starts to flow into the water tank 15 through the suction line under the action of atmospheric pressure until the liquid in the water tank 15 Bit H, closes the two-way valve VI19 after reaching the upper level indicated by the level switch I 21a.
  • the two-way valve 11113 is closed, and the injector 14 is stopped.
  • Step 1-4 Determine if the control system receives the stop command. If not, return to step 1-2. If yes, the process ends.
  • the specific workflow of the water tank 116 is:
  • Step 2-1 After the system starts working, it is first determined whether the liquid level H 2 in the water tank II 6 reaches the upper liquid level indicated by the liquid level switch 11122a. If yes, proceed to step 2-2. If it is not, it indicates that there is less memory in the water tank 116. When the water tank 15 is waiting for the water supply state, the two-way valve IV15 is opened to discharge the gas in the water tank ⁇ 6 until the liquid level H 2 in the water tank ⁇ 6 reaches the liquid level. After the upper liquid level indicated by the switch 11122a, the process proceeds to step 2-2.
  • Step 2-2 Determine if the liquid level in tank ⁇ 6 is lower than the medium level indicated by level switch IV22b. If not, open the two-way valve 1111 for water supply and return to 2-2. If yes, then determine if the liquid level in tank II 6 has reached the lower level indicated by level switch V22c. If no, if the water in the water tank 116 is insufficient, close the two-way valve II 11. Suspend the water supply and issue the "water supply low level" alarm, and then proceed to step 2-3. If yes, turn on the 2-way wide II 11 for water supply and proceed to steps 2 - 3.
  • Step 2-3 Determine whether the water tank I 5 is in the water supply state at this time. If no, go back to step 2-2. If so, the two-way valve IV15 is opened to allow the gas in the water tank 116 to be discharged through the exhaust line, and the water in the water tank I 5 enters the water tank 116 through the intermediate line, and the liquid level in the water tank 116 rises. It is further determined that the liquid level in the water tank 116 is at the middle level indicated by the level switch IV22b. If no, go back to step 2-2. If so, it is judged whether or not the two-way valve II 11 is in the open state. If not, open the two-way valve II 11 and clear the possible "water supply low level" alarm. Go to steps 2-4. If yes, go directly to steps 2 - 4.
  • Step 2 4: Determine if the liquid level in the water tank 116 has reached the upper level indicated by the level switch 11122a. If no, go back to step 2-2 and continue to vent. If yes, close the two-way wide IV15 and stop the exhaust. Go to steps 2 - 5.
  • Step 2-5 Determine if the control system receives the stop command. Otherwise, return to step 2-2. If yes, the process ends.
  • the liquid level switch I 21a, the liquid level switch II 21b, the liquid level switch III22a, the liquid level switch IV22b, and the liquid level switch V22c all have anti-interference function.
  • a certain delay is required (for example, 0.5s). The control action is triggered.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种列车供水装置及其控制方法,包括净水箱,水箱I,水箱II,喷射器,连接管路和阀件,所述水箱I通过吸水管路及中间管路分别与净水箱及水箱II连接,所述水箱II通过供水管路与用水器具连接,所述水箱I的上部通过抽空管路及给水供气管路I分别与喷射器的抽真空口及列车气源连接,所述水箱II的上部通过排气管路和给水供气管路II分别与大气及列车气源连接;所述水箱I由上至下设液位开关I和液位开关II,所述水箱II由上至下设液位开关III,液位开关Ⅳ和液位开关V;能够不间断供水,运行可靠、使用维护成本低,对净水箱无特殊承压要求,可根据需要安装于列车底部。

Description

一种列车供水装置及其控制方法
技术领域 本发明涉及一种供水装置及其控制方法, 尤其涉及一种列车上利用压缩空气进行连续供 水的列车供水装置。 背景技术 列车供水***用于为列车的卫生间、 厨房、 电开水炉等提供净水。 传统的列车供水*** 一般采用列车底部设大净水箱, 列车顶部小净水箱, 使用水泵抽取列车底部大净水箱中的水 输送至列车顶部小净水箱, 再利用重力自流的方式由小水箱向各用水点供水的方法。 随着高 速列车的发展, 为减小列车断面, 降低车辆重心, 车顶己经没有足够的空间放置满足需要的 小净水箱。 为此, 在设计高速列车时大多将净水箱全部置于列车底部, 这样既降低了列车的 重心, 又有利于提高车辆运行平稳性。 现有技术的列车底部的供水方式分电泵和气压两种方 式实现。 其中, 电泵方式通过电动水泵加压供水, 存在的缺陷是电泵对输送介质较敏感, 为 了使电泵正常运行需配置较为复杂的***, 因此设备投资及维护成本较高。 尽管如此, 电泵 ***常存在水泵启动频繁、 堵塞以致烧损、 水泵启动排气不畅、 漏水、 空转等问题。 同时, 由于电泵自吸能力较差, 所以一般与净水箱一同悬挂安装在列车地板之下。 列车行驶时电泵 发生故障, 无法在线维修。 如中国专利文献 CN200820115114. 0 公开了 "铁道客车给水*** 水泵缺水保护控制装置及方法", 它包括水箱, 水泵, 水泵控制装置, 吸水管路, 供水管 路, 供水压力传感器, 供水流量传感器, 水位检测传感器, 吸气压力传感器, 压力缓冲罐。 它采用水位检测和管路内空气压力检测相结合的方式进行水泵缺水保护。 这种供水***虽然 实现了列车底部的增压供水, 但是***较复杂, 电泵***故障率较高, 如电泵发生故障只能 停车维修。 气压供水则是利用列车供风***的压缩空气直接对列车底部净水箱内的净水加压, 其存 在的缺陷是, 该方式对净水箱、 管道及相关阀件具都有承压要求, 由于净水箱一般体积较 大, 具有承压要求的净水箱会大大增加其重量, 且有泄漏隐患, 同时在列车停车, 进行净水 箱注水操作时, 供水会因此中断, 不符合用户用水习惯。 如国际专利文献 W02010070075A1 公开了 "移动用无菜供水装置 (Pump-less water supply device for mobi le use) ", 它包 括一个储存净水的净水箱和将水输送至用户的连接管路, 连接管路上设有两个中间缓冲容 器, 并与净水箱连接。 一个压力控制装置分别与净水箱和两个中间缓冲容器连接, 通过净水 箱与中间缓冲容器间的压差将水从净水箱输送至中间缓冲容器, 再由中间缓冲容器将水输送 至用户。 这种供水装置虽然可以实现将水由净水箱输送至用户, 但需要对净水箱加压, 且供 水会在对净水箱进行注水时中断。 发明内容 本发明的主要目的是解决上述现有技术存在的不足; 提供一种列车供水装置; 可根据需 要安装于车底部, 使用维护成本低, 运行可靠, 对净水箱无特殊承压要求, 能够不间断供 水。
为实现上述目的, 本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种列车供水装置, 包括净水箱, 水箱 I, 水箱 II和喷射器, 所述水箱 I通过吸水管路 与净水箱相连, 且水箱 I通过中间管路与水箱 II连接, 所述的水箱 II通过供水管路与用水 器具连接, 所述水箱 I的上部通过抽空管路与喷射器的抽真空口相连, 所述喷射器的气源接 口通过抽空供气管路与列车的气源连接; 且水箱 I的上部通过给水供气管路 I与列车气源连 接, 所述水箱 II的上部通过排气管路与大气相通; 且水箱 Π 通过给水供气管路 II与列车气 源连接; 所述水箱 I由上至下设液位开关 I和液位开关 II, 所述水箱 II由上至下设液位开关 III, 液位开关 IV和液位开关 V。
所述净水箱的顶部与大气连通。
所述中间管路上有单向阀 I 。
所述供水管路上有单向阔 II和二通阀 II。
所述喷射器的排气口通车外大气。
所述抽空管路上设二通阀 VI; 所述抽空供气管路上设抽真空过滤减压阀和二通阀 III。 所述给水供气管路 I上设有二通阀 V和给水过滤减压阀; 所述给水供气管路 II上设二通 阀 π, 并与给水供气管路 I共用给水过滤减压阀。
所述吸水管路上设有二通阀 I及水过滤器; 所述排气管路上设节流阀和二通阀 IV。
所述的列车供水装置的控制方法, 如下:
水箱 I的控制方法如下:
步骤 1-1 : ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 I内的液位是否达到液位开关 I指示的上液 位; 若未达到该上液位, 则将水箱 II设为供水状态, 将水箱 I设为准备状态, 同时开启二通 阀 VL 关闭二通阔 V, 进入步骤 1-3; 若已达到该上液位, 则进入步骤 1-2;
步骤 1-2: 判断水箱 I内的液位是否低于液位开关 II指示的下液位。 若是, 则将水箱 II 设为供水状态, 将水箱 I设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阀 νπ, 关闭二通阀 ν, 进入步骤 1-
3; 若否, 则将水箱 I设为供水状态, 将水箱 II设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阀 V, 关闭二 通阀 VD, 返回步骤 1-2;
步骤 1-3: 开启二通阀 VI并延时 t,, 将水箱 I内的压缩空气排出。 开启二通阀 III, 喷射 器开始对水箱 I抽真空; 延时 t2后再开启二通阀 I, 净水箱中的水开始在大气压的作用下通 过吸水管路流入水箱 I中, 直至水箱 I内的液位达到液位开关 I指示的上液位后关闭二通阀 VI; 延时 t3后关闭二通阀 III, 喷射器停止工作; 由于喷射器刚关闭时; 延时 t4后关闭二通 阀 I, 吸水管路中的水停止流动, 进入步骤 1-4;
步骤 1-4: 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否, 则返回步骤 1-2, 若是, 则流程 终止;
水箱 II的控制方法是:
步骤 2-1 : ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 Π内的液位是否达到液位开关 III指示的上液 位。 若是, 则进入步骤 2-2; 若否到, 说明水箱 II内存水较少, 将等待水箱 I为供水状态 时, 开启二通阔 IV, 将水箱 II内的气体排出, 直至水箱 II内的液位 达到液位开关 III指示的 上液位后, 再进入步骤 2-2;
步骤 2- 2: 判断水箱 II内的液位是否低于液位开关 IV指示的中液位; 若否, 则开启二通 阀 II进行供水, 返回 2-1 ; 若是, 则再判断水箱 II内的液位是否达到液位开关 V指示的下液 位; 若否, 说明水箱 II中水量不足, 则关闭二通阔 II, 暂停供水并发出 "供水装置水位低" 报警, 再进入步骤 2-3; 若是, 则开启二通闽 II进行供水, 并进入步骤 2 - 3;
步骤 2-3: 判断此时水箱 I是否处于供水状态; 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2; 若是, 则开启 二通阀 IV使水箱 II中的气体通过排气管路排出, 水箱 I中的水通过中间管路进入水箱 II, 水 箱 II内的液位升高; 再判断水箱 II内的液位是达到液位开关 IV指示的中液位; 若否, 则返回 步骤 2-2 ; 若是, 则再判断二通阀 II是否处于开启状态; 若否, 则开启二通阀 II并清除 "供水装置水位低"报警, 进入步骤 2- 4; 若是, 则直接进入步骤 2-4;
步骤 2-4: 判断水箱 II内的液位是否达到液位开关 ΠΙ指示的上液位; 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2, 继续排气; 若是, 则关闭二通阔 IV, 排气停止, 进入步骤 2-5;
步骤 2-5 : 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否则返回步骤 2-2, 若是则流程终 止。
优选地, 喷射器采用多级形式, 其具有极限真空高、 效率髙的特点。
优选地, 将抽真空过滤减压阀, 二通阀 III, 喷射器, 二通阀 IV, 节流阀, 给水过滤减压 阀, 二通阀 V, 二通阀 VI , 二通阀 集成在一个集成气路版上, 使结构更加紧凑, 便于维 护。 本发明有益效果是-
1.无需在列车顶部设水箱, 降低了列车的重心, 提高车辆运行平稳性, 特别适用于高速 铁路列车。
2.相比既有电泵方式, ***构成更简单, 由无运动部件的喷射器及高可靠性的阀件构 成, 不存在电泵方式固有的电机故障、 传动故障、 旋转部件的密封故障, 因而更为可靠, 维 护成本低。
3.相比既有电泵方式, ***布局更合理, 可根据需要 (如餐车等对供水可靠性要求较高 的场合), 将净水箱设在列车地板之下, 而其他水箱及阀件等设在列车地板之上。 如列车行 驶过程中供水装置发生故障, 维修无需停车。
4.相比既有气压方式, 无需对净水箱加压, 对净水箱无特殊承压要求, 使净水箱重量 轻, 运行和使用安全可靠, 特别适用于高速铁路列车。 尤其是在列车停车、 进行净水箱注水 操作时供水不间断, 方便旅客随时用水。
附图说明 图 1为本发明结构示意图; 图 2为本发明的水箱 I的工作流程图; 图 3为本发明的水箱 II的工作流程图。 图中, 1.净水箱, 2.用水器具, 3.车外大气, 4.气源, 5.水箱 I, 6.水箱 II, 7.水过滤 器, 8.二通阀 I, 9.单向阀 I , 10.单向阀 II, 11.二通阔 II, 12.抽真空过滤减压阀, 13.二 通阀 III, 14.喷射器, 15.二通阀 IV, 16.节流阀, 17.给水过滤减压阀, 18.二通阀 V, 19.二 通阔 VI, 20.二通阀 VL 21a.液位开关 I, 21b.液位开关 II, 22a.液位开关 III, 22b.液位开 关 IV, 22c.液位开关 。 具体实施方式 下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明: 如图 1所示, 一种列车供水装置, 包括净水箱 1, 水箱 1 5, 水箱 116, 喷射器 14。 所述净水箱 1的顶部与大气联通, 保持常压, 无承压要求, 因而净水箱重量较轻。 所述水箱 I 5通过吸水管路与净水箱 1连接, 用于暂存由净水箱 1流出的净水。 吸水管 路用于将净水由净水箱 1输送至水箱 I 5, 吸水管路上设有水过滤器 Ί和二通阀 I 8。
所述水箱 1 5和水箱 116通过中间管路连接。 中间管路上有单向阀 1 9, 可使水不能由水 箱 II 6流至水箱 I 5。
所述水箱 116 通过供水管路与用水器具 2 连接。 供水管路上有单向阀 Π 10 和二通阀 II 11。 所述单向阀 II 10可使水不能由用水器具 2回流至本供水装置。
所述水箱 I 5的上部通过抽空管路与喷射器 14的抽真空口连接。 喷射器 14的气源接口 通过抽空供气管路与列车的气源 4 (压力如 0. 5~1. 0MPa) 连接。 喷射器 14的排气口通车外 大气 3。 喷射器 14用于使水箱 I 5内产生负压, 进而使水通过吸水管路由净水箱 1流至水箱 I 5。 抽空管路上设二通阀 VI19。 抽空供气管路上设抽真空过滤减压阀 12和二通阔 11113。 抽 空过滤减压阀 12用于过滤压缩空气并调节至喷射器 14工作所需压力 (如 0. 4~0. 7MPa)。 水 箱 I 5 的上部还通过给水供气管路 I与给水过滤减压阀 17的出口连接。 给水过滤减压阀 17 的入口与列车的气源 4连接, 用于去除其中油雾和杂质, 洁净压缩空气, 并调节至供水所需 压力 (如 5(T200KPa)。 给水供气管路 I上设二通阀 V 18。
所述水箱 II 6 的上部通过给水供气管路 II与给水过滤减压阔 17 的出口连接。 给水供气 管路 II上设二通阀 VII20。 水箱 116 的上部还通过排气管路将其他排出车外 3。 排气管路上设 节流阀 16和二通阔 IV15。 节流阀 16用于控制水箱 116的排气速度, 保证排气时供水压力较 为稳定。
所述水箱 I 5上由上至下设液位开关 I 21a和液位开关 II 21b, 分别用于检测水箱 I 5的 上液位和下液位。 所述水箱 116上由上至下设液位开关11122&, 液位开关 IV22b和液位开关 V 22c, 分别用于检测水箱 116的上液位, 中液位和下液位。
本发明的工作流程分水箱 1 5 工作流程和水箱 Π6 工作流程两部分。 两部分并行执行, 在功能上相对独立又有所关联。 水箱 1 5 及水箱 II 6 在开机时均处于准备状态, 在运行过程 中仅有一个处于供水状态。
水箱 I的控制方法是: 开机时, 若水箱 1 5 内的液位低于水箱 1 5 的上液位时, 通过喷 射器工作使水箱 I 5内产生负压, 将净水箱 1内的水吸入水箱 I 5, 直至水箱 I 5内的液位达 到水箱 1 5 的上液位, 再加入后续流程。 在后续流程中, 当水箱 1 5 内的液位低于水箱 1 5 的下液位时, 会将水箱 116 设为供水状态, 水箱 1 5 设为准备状态, 再通过喷射器工作使水 箱 1 5 内产生负压, 将净水箱内的水吸入水箱 I, 直至水箱 1 5 内的液位达到水箱 1 5 的上 液位。 当水箱 1 5 内的液位不低于水箱 1 5 的下液位时, 会将水箱 1 5 设为供水状态, 水箱 116设为准备状态, 水由水箱 1 5流向用水器具;
水箱 II的工作流程是: 开机时, 若水箱 116内的液位低于水箱 116的上液位, 且水箱 1 5 处于供水状态, 则开启二通阀 IV15, 通过排气管路将水箱 116 内的气体排出, 直至水箱 116 内的液位达到水箱 116 的上液位, 再关闭二通阀 IV15, 进入后续过程。 在后续工作过程中, 若水箱 Π6 内的液位不低于水箱 116 的中液位, 则开启二通阀 1111, 通过供水管路供水。 若 水箱 Π 6 内的液位低于水箱 116 的下液位, 则关闭二通阀 11 11, 暂停供水, 并发出 "供水装 置水位低"报警。 若水箱 116 内的液位低于水箱 Π6 的中液位而不低于下液位, 则开启二通 阀 11 11, 通过供水管路供水, 且当水箱 1 5 处于供水状态时, 开启二通阀 IV, 通过排气管路 将水箱 116内的气体排出, 水箱 116内的液位升高。 当水箱 II 6内的液位升高至水箱 II 6的中 液位后, 若二通阀 1111 处于关闭状态, 则开启二通阀 1111, 并解除可能存在的 "供水装置 水位低"报警, 直至水箱 116 内的液位升髙至水箱 116 的上液位, 再关闭二通阔 IV15, 排气 停止。
如图 2, 水箱 I 5的具体工作流程是:
步骤 1-1: ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 I 5内的液位 H,是否达到液位开关 I 21a指示的 上液位。 若未达到该上液位, 则将水箱 116 设为供水状态, 将水箱 1 5 设为准备状态, 同时 开启二通阀 VII20, 关闭二通阔 V 18, 进入步骤 1-3。 若已达到该上液位, 则进入步骤 1-2。
步骤 1-2: 判断水箱 1 5内的液位 H,是否低于液位开关 II 21b指示的下液位。 若是, 则将 水箱 116 设为供水状态, 将水箱 1 5 设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阀 VII20, 关闭二通阔 V 18, 进入步骤 1-3。 若否, 则将水箱 1 5 设为供水状态, 将水箱 116 设为准备状态, 同时开 启二通阔 V 18, 关闭二通阀 II20, 返回步骤 1-2。
步骤 1-3: 开启二通阀 VI19并延时 (如 1^=25), 将水箱 1 5内的压缩空气排出。 开启 二通阀 11113, 喷射器 14开始对水箱 I 5抽真空。 延时 t2 (如 t2=2s) 后再开启二通阀 I 8, 净水箱 1 中的水开始在大气压的作用下通过吸水管路流入水箱 1 5 中, 直至水箱 1 5 内的液 位 H,达到液位开关 I 21a指示的上液位后关闭二通阀 VI19。 延时 t3 (如 t3=0. 2s) 后关闭二 通阀 11113, 喷射器 14停止工作。 由于喷射器 14刚关闭时, 水箱 I 5中仍具有一定负压, 净 水箱 1 中的水依然在大气压的作用下流入水箱 1 5 中, 并消耗水箱 1 5 中的负压。 延时 t4 (如 t4=2s) 后关闭二通阀 1 8, 吸水管路中的水停止流动, 进入步骤 1-4。
步骤 1-4: 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否则返回步骤 1-2, 若是则流程终 止。
如图 3, 水箱 116的具体工作流程是:
步骤 2-1: ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 II 6内的液位 H2是否达到液位开关 11122a指示的 上液位。 若是, 则进入步骤 2-2。 若否到, 说明水箱 116 内存水较少, 将等待水箱 1 5 为供 水状态时, 开启二通阀 IV15, 将水箱 Π6 内的气体排出, 直至水箱 Π6 内的液位 H2达到液位 开关 11122a指示的上液位后, 再进入步骤 2-2。
步骤 2-2: 判断水箱 Π 6内的液位 是否低于液位开关 IV22b指示的中液位。 若否, 则开 启二通阀 1111进行供水, 返回 2-2。 若是, 则再判断水箱 II 6内的液位 是否达到液位开关 V22c 指示的下液位。 若否, 说明水箱 116 中水量不足, 则关闭二通阀 II 11, 暂停供水并发 出 "供水装置水位低"报警, 再进入步骤 2-3。 若是, 则开启二通阔 II 11进行供水, 并进入 步骤 2 - 3。
步骤 2-3: 判断此时水箱 I 5是否处于供水状态。 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2。 若是, 则开启 二通阀 IV15使水箱 116中的气体通过排气管路排出, 水箱 I 5中的水通过中间管路进入水箱 116, 水箱 116内的液位升高。 再判断水箱 116内的液位 是达到液位开关 IV22b指示的中液 位。 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2。 若是, 则再判断二通阀 II 11是否处于开启状态。 若否, 则开启 二通阀 II 11并清除可能存在的 "供水装置水位低"报警, 进入步骤 2-4。 若是, 则直接进入 步骤 2 - 4。
步骤 2- 4: 判断水箱 116内的液位 是否达到液位开关 11122a指示的上液位。 若否, 则返 回步骤 2-2, 继续排气。 若是, 则关闭二通阔 IV15, 排气停止, 进入步骤 2 - 5。
步骤 2-5: 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否则返回步骤 2-2, 若是则流程终 止。
液位开关 I 21a, 液位开关 II 21b, 液位开关 III22a, 液位开关 IV22b, 液位开关 V22c 均 具有抗干扰功能, 当开关状态发生变化时, 均需要一定延时 (如 0. 5s ) 才会触发控制动 作。
上述虽然结合附图对发明的具体实施方式进行了描述, 但并非对本发明保护范围的限 制, 所属领域技术人员应该明白, 在本发明的技术方案的基础上, 本领域技术人员不需要付 出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种列车供水装置, 其特征是, 包括净水箱, 水箱 I, 水箱 II和喷射器, 所述水箱 I通 过吸水管路与净水箱相连, 且水箱 I通过中间管路与水箱 II连接, 所述的水箱 Π通过供水管 路与用水器具连接, 所述水箱 I的上部通过抽空管路与喷射器的抽真空口相连, 所述喷射器 的气源接口通过抽空供气管路与列车的气源连接; 且水箱 I的上部通过给水供气管路 I与列 车气源连接, 所述水箱 II的上部通过排气管路与大气相通; 且水箱 II 通过给水供气管路 II 与列车气源连接; 所述水箱 I由上至下设液位开关 I和液位开关 II, 所述水箱 II由上至下设 液位开关 III, 液位开关 IV和液位开关 V。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述净水箱的顶部与大气连通。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述中间管路上有单向阀 I。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述供水管路上有单向阀 II和二通阀 II。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述喷射器的排气口通车外大气。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述抽空管路上设二通阀 VI; 所述抽空 供气管路上设抽真空过滤减压阀和二通阀 III。
7. 如权利要求 1 所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述给水供气管路 I上设有二通阀 V和 给水过滤减压阀; 所述给水供气管路 II上设二通阀 νπ, 并与给水供气管路 I共用给水过滤减 压阀。
8. 如权利要求 1 所述的列车供水装置, 其特征是, 所述吸水管路上设有二通阀 I及水过滤 器; 所述排气管路上设节流阀和二通阀 IV。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的列车供水装置的控制方法, 包括水箱 I和水箱 Π的控制方法, 其特 征是, 如下:
水箱 I的控制方法如下:
步骤 1-1 : ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 I内的液位是否达到液位开关 I指示的上液位; 若 未达到该上液位, 则将水箱 II设为供水状态, 将水箱 I设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阀 νπ, 关闭二通阀 V, 进入步骤 1-3; 若已达到该上液位, 则进入步骤 1-2;
步骤 1-2: 判断水箱 I内的液位是否低于液位开关 II指示的下液位; 若是, 则将水箱 II设为 供水状态, 将水箱 I设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阀 Vn, 关闭二通阀 V, 进入步骤 1-3 ; 若 否, 则将水箱 I设为供水状态, 将水箱 II设为准备状态, 同时开启二通阔 V, 关闭二通阔 W, 返回步骤 1-2;
步骤 1-3: 开启二通阔 VI并延时 t!, 将水箱 I内的压缩空气排出; 开启二通阀 III, 喷射器开 始对水箱 I抽真空; 延时 t2后再开启二通阀 I , 净水箱中的水开始在大气压的作用下通过吸 水管路流入水箱 I中, 直至水箱 I内的液位达到液位开关 I指示的上液位后关闭二通阀 VI; 延时 t3后关闭二通阀 III, 喷射器停止工作; 由于喷射器刚关闭时; 延时 t4后关闭二通阀 I, 吸水管路中的水停止流动, 进入步骤 1-4;
步骤 1-4: 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否则返回步骤 1-2, 若是则流程终止; 水箱 II的控制方法是:
步骤 2-1 : ***开始工作后首先判断水箱 II内的液位是否达到液位开关 III指示的上液位; 若 是, 则进入步骤 2-2; 若否到, 说明水箱 II内存水较少, 将等待水箱 I为供水状态时, 开启 二通阀 IV, 将水箱 II内的气体排出, 直至水箱 II内的液位 H2达到液位开关 III指示的上液位 后, 再进入步骤 2-2;
步骤 2-1 : 判断水箱 II内的液位是否低于液位开关 IV指示的中液位; 若否, 则开启二通阀 II 进行供水, 返回 2-1 ; 若是, 则再判断水箱 II内的液位是否达到液位开关 V指示的下液位; 若否, 说明水箱 II中水量不足, 则关闭二通阀 II, 暂停供水并发出 "供水装置水位低"报 警, 再进入步骤 2-3; 若是, 则开启二通阀 II进行供水, 并进入步骤 2-3;
步骤 2-3 : 判断此时水箱 I是否处于供水状态; 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2; 若是, 则开启二通 阀 IV使水箱 II中的气体通过排气管路排出, 水箱 I中的水通过中间管路进入水箱 II, 水箱 II 内的液位升高; 再判断水箱 II内的液位是达到液位开关 IV指示的中液位; 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2; 若是, 则再判断二通阀 II是否处于开启状态; 若否, 则开启二通阀 II并清除 "供水装 置水位低"报警, 进入步骤 2-4; 若是, 则直接进入步骤 2-4;
步骤 2-4: 判断水箱 II内的液位是否达到液位开关 III指示的上液位; 若否, 则返回步骤 2- 2, 继续排气; 若是, 则关闭二通阀 IV, 排气停止, 进入步骤 2-5;
步骤 2-5 : 判断控制***是否接收到停机指令, 若否, 则返回步骤 2-2, 若是, 则流程终 止。
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