WO2015050102A1 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Endoscope Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015050102A1
WO2015050102A1 PCT/JP2014/076022 JP2014076022W WO2015050102A1 WO 2015050102 A1 WO2015050102 A1 WO 2015050102A1 JP 2014076022 W JP2014076022 W JP 2014076022W WO 2015050102 A1 WO2015050102 A1 WO 2015050102A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insertion portion
tube
hand
endoscope
inner tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/076022
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
宮城 邦彦
澤井 貴司
Original Assignee
株式会社Jimro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Jimro filed Critical 株式会社Jimro
Priority to JP2015540495A priority Critical patent/JP6370301B2/en
Publication of WO2015050102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015050102A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00112Connection or coupling means
    • A61B1/00121Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
    • A61B1/00126Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle optical, e.g. for light supply cables
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00066Proximal part of endoscope body, e.g. handles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00105Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an endoscope, and more particularly to an endoscope structure suitable for a disposable specification.
  • this type of endoscope has an insertion portion extending from a hand portion.
  • An illumination optical system such as an optical fiber that transmits illumination light from a light source, and an optical system such as a relay lens that transmits image light and an optical fiber are provided inside the insertion portion (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • the distal end portion including the insertion portion is separable from the hand portion including the imaging portion.
  • the present invention provides an endoscope including a hand portion and an insertion portion extending from the hand portion along an axis, wherein the hand portion and the insertion portion are separate members.
  • a cylindrical connecting member that is configured and separable, and has elasticity, and the connecting member covers the distal end portion of the proximal portion and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion, and the proximal portion
  • the insertion portion and the insertion portion are elastically in close contact with a peripheral surface of one member and are integrally joined with the other member of the insertion portion and the insertion portion, thereby connecting the proximal portion and the insertion portion to each other It is characterized by being separably connected by a member.
  • the insertion portion can be made disposable or replaced by separating the hand portion and the insertion portion.
  • the connecting member itself can function as a sealing member, a sealing member such as an O-ring is unnecessary, not only can the number of parts be reduced, but there is no need to form a housing portion for the sealing member,
  • the configuration can be simplified. This makes it possible to provide an endoscope that is inexpensive and suitable for disposable specifications.
  • an objective element is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion, and an imaging element is provided at the proximal portion.
  • the endoscope includes an adjustment unit that variably adjusts a relative position of the one member and the connection member along the axis line of the hand portion and the insertion portion. Accordingly, for example, when a new insertion portion is connected to the proximal portion, the distance between the objective element and the imaging element can be finely adjusted according to the focal length.
  • the adjusting means includes a pinion provided on the connection member and a rack provided on the one member of the hand portion and the insertion portion and meshing with the pinion, and the meshing is released by elastic deformation of the connection member.
  • the adjustment means can have a simple configuration. Since the connecting member also has a function of releasing the above engagement, it is not necessary to provide a separate engagement release mechanism.
  • the hand portion includes an outer casing and a holding portion that is housed in the outer casing so as to be movable along the axis, and the imaging element is held in the holding portion, and the insertion portion
  • the position of the housing and the outer casing is fixed via the connection member, and the relative position of the insertion portion and the holding portion is adjusted by the adjusting means along the axis. Accordingly, the position of the holding portion (and hence the imaging element) and the objective element can be adjusted in the direction along the axis (axial direction) while keeping the outer casing and the connecting member from shifting from each other. The sealing performance between the two can be ensured.
  • the insertion portion is provided with an outer tube extending along an axis and an inner tube accommodated in the outer tube, and illumination light from a light source is transmitted between the outer tube and the inner tube.
  • An illumination light transmission medium made of any one of gas, liquid, and translucent resin is accommodated. Inside the inner tube, any of gas, liquid, or translucent resin that transmits image light to be observed is contained.
  • An image light transmission medium comprising: Is preferred.
  • the light source is provided at the proximal portion, and a conical recess having a conical shape whose diameter is reduced toward the insertion portion is formed inside the connection member, and the inner tube passes through the conical recess,
  • a conical annular light guide made of glass, translucent resin, or gas that guides the illumination light between the outer tube and the inner tube between the inner surface of the conical recess and the outer surface of the inner tube It is preferable that a portion is provided. When separating the hand portion and the insertion portion, the illumination means can be easily separated between the light source and the light guide portion.
  • an endoscope suitable for making the insertion portion disposable can be provided with a simple and inexpensive configuration that allows the hand portion and the insertion portion to be detachable while ensuring sealing performance. it can.
  • FIG.1 (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rigid endoscope which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the insertion part and the hand part were connected.
  • FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view showing the rigid endoscope in a state where the insertion portion and the hand portion are separated.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1A, omitting the internal structure of the rigid endoscope.
  • It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows a part of said rigid endoscope.
  • It is a perspective view of the light guide member of the said rigid endoscope.
  • It is a block diagram of the endoscope apparatus containing the said rigid endoscope.
  • FIG.6 (a) is a side view which shows the rigid endoscope which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the insertion part and the hand part were connected.
  • FIG. 6B is a side view showing the rigid endoscope according to the second embodiment with the insertion portion and the hand portion separated.
  • the endoscope apparatus 1 includes a rigid endoscope 2, a camera control unit (CCU) 3, and a monitor 4.
  • the rigid endoscope 2 is, for example, an ophthalmic endoscope, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the rigid endoscope 2 includes a hand portion 10, an insertion portion 20, an illumination unit 30, and an observation unit 40.
  • the insertion portion 20 is connected to the distal end of the hand portion 10 (left side in FIG. 1A).
  • Illumination means 30 and observation means 40 are provided inside the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20.
  • the hand portion 10 is held by an operator, and the insertion portion 20 is inserted into an observation target such as an eye socket or lacrimal gland of a human body.
  • the observation object around the distal end of the insertion portion 20 is illuminated by the illumination means 30.
  • the image light to be observed is taken into the endoscope 2 by the observation means 40 and displayed on the monitor 4 through image processing by the CCU 3.
  • the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are constituted by separate members and are separable (detachable).
  • the hand portion 10 includes an outer casing 11, an inner casing 12, a sleeve 13, and a shaft tube 14, and has a multiple cylindrical shape extending along the axis L.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the hand portion 10 is a deformed ellipse shape similar to an oval shape.
  • an inner casing 12 is accommodated in the outer casing 11, and a shaft tube 14 is accommodated in the inner casing 12 via a sleeve 13.
  • the sleeve 13 and the shaft tube 14 are integrated with each other and are slidable in the axial direction (direction along the axis L) with respect to the outer casing 11 and the inner casing 12.
  • the inner collar 12, the sleeve 13, and the shaft tube 14 may be integrated with each other and slidable in the axial direction with respect to the outer casing 11.
  • the insertion portion 20 extends linearly along the axis L from the tip of the hand portion 10.
  • the insertion portion 20 includes an outer tube 21 and an inner tube 22 and has a double circular tube shape.
  • the material of the outer tube 21 is preferably a metal having elasticity, such as stainless steel, ordinary steel, iron, aluminum or the like.
  • the outer tube 21 and thus the insertion portion 20 are extremely thin.
  • the outer diameter of the outer tube 21 is several mm (2 mm to 3 mm) or less, preferably 1 mm or less, for example, about 0.9 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the inner tube 22 has a smaller diameter than the outer tube 21 and is accommodated in the outer tube 21 so as to be concentric with the outer tube 21.
  • the material of the inner tube 22 is preferably a metal having elasticity, such as stainless steel, ordinary steel, iron, and aluminum. As shown in FIG. 1B, the base end portion (right end portion in the figure) of the inner tube 22 protrudes toward the hand portion 10 from the outer tube 21.
  • a connecting pipe 23 is provided at the base end of the inner pipe 22.
  • the connecting tube 23 is composed of a small-diameter tube portion 23 a on the distal end side (left in FIG. 3), a central tapered portion 23 b, and a large-diameter tube portion on the proximal end side (right in FIG. 3). 23c integrally.
  • the inner tube 22 and the connecting tube 23 are integrally connected by fitting the tube portion 23 a into the outer periphery of the proximal end portion of the inner tube 22.
  • a tapered portion 23b is integrally connected to the proximal end portion of the tube portion 23a.
  • the diameter of the taper portion 23b is increased toward the proximal direction.
  • the pipe portion 23c is integrally connected to the enlarged diameter end portion of the taper portion 23b.
  • the shaft tube 14 of the hand portion 10 is fitted into the tube portion 23c so as to be slidable and detachable in the axial direction. Accordingly, the proximal end of the inner tube 22 is connected to the shaft tube 14 along the axis L via the connecting tube 23 so that the relative position can be adjusted and the separation is possible.
  • a connecting member 50 is provided between the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20.
  • the connecting member 50 is made of rubber (elastic material) and has elasticity.
  • the connection member 50 integrally includes a covering cylinder portion 51 and a cap portion 52.
  • the covering cylinder portion 51 is formed in a cylinder shape with the cylinder axis along the axis L, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is a deformed elliptical shape that is substantially similar to the hand portion 10.
  • the base end part (the right end part in FIG.1 (b)) of the covering cylinder part 51 is opened.
  • the tip end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1B) of the covering cylinder portion 51 is closed by the cap portion 52.
  • the cap portion 52 has a conical wall shape that protrudes along the axis L in the tip direction (left in FIG. 1B).
  • the cap 52 has a conical recess 52 a and an insertion hole 52 b formed along the axis L.
  • the conical recess 52a has a conical shape with a diameter reduced toward the tip (left in FIG. 3).
  • the base end on the large diameter side of the conical recess 52 a is opened to the internal space of the covering cylinder portion 51.
  • An insertion hole 52b is connected to the tip on the small diameter side of the conical recess 52a.
  • the insertion hole 52b has the same diameter as the tip portion of the conical recess 52a and reaches the tip surface of the connection member 50.
  • connection member 50 covers the outer periphery of the proximal portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 so as to straddle between the distal end portion of the proximal portion 10 and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20. Yes. And the covering cylinder part 51 elastically adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the hand part 10 (one member), and the cap part 52 is joined integrally with the insertion part 20 (the other member). As a result, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are detachably connected by the connection member 50.
  • connection structure will be further described in detail.
  • the base end portion of the outer tube 21 is fitted into the insertion hole 52b.
  • the outer tube 21 and the cap portion 52 are integrally joined by an adhesive or the like.
  • the protruding length of the outer tube 21 from the cap portion 52 is, for example, about 30 mm to 50 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the proximal end portion of the inner tube 22 protrudes from the outer tube 21 and penetrates the conical recess 52 a along the axis L, and is disposed inside the connection member 50.
  • the dimension of the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder part 51 in a natural state (no load) is slightly smaller than the dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the front end part of the outer casing 11.
  • the covering cylinder portion 51 covers the outer peripheral portion of the distal end portion of the outer casing 11, thereby being elastically adhered to the outer casing 11.
  • the coated cylinder part 51 and the hand part 10 are detachably connected by this elastic force.
  • a space between the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder portion 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the cap portion 52 is separated from the proximal portion 10 in the distal direction (left in FIG. 1A) and covers the distal end surface of the proximal portion 10.
  • a plurality (two in this case) of guide ridges 11 f are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11. These guide ridges 11f extend straight along the axis L and are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • a number (here, two) of guide grooves 51f corresponding to the guide protrusions 11f are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder portion 51.
  • the guide grooves 51f extend straight along the axis L, and are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and are disposed at positions corresponding to the guide protrusions 11f.
  • Each guide ridge 11f is slidably fitted along the axis L in the corresponding guide groove 51f. As a result, the connection member 50 is prevented from rotating relative to the peripheral direction of the hand portion 10.
  • a locking recess 11 e is formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the outer casing 11 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11.
  • a locking projection 51 e that protrudes inward in the radial direction is provided annularly along the circumferential direction of the covering cylinder 51 at the base end of the covering cylinder 51. The locking projection 51e is fitted and locked in the locking recess 11e. Thereby, the outer casing 11 and the connection member 50 are positioned in the axial direction.
  • a position adjusting means 60 is provided between the connecting member 50 and the hand portion 10.
  • the position adjusting means 60 includes a pinion 61 (circular gear) and a rack 62 (linear gear).
  • the pinion 61 is rotatably embedded in the connection member 50.
  • the connection member 50 is elastically in contact with the pinion 61, so that the space between the connection member 50 and the pinion 61 is liquid-tightly sealed.
  • the rack 62 is fixed to the sleeve 13 of the hand portion 10.
  • the pinion 61 and the rack 62 are engaged with each other.
  • the pinion 61 By rotating the pinion 61, the axial relative positions of the connecting member 50, the sleeve 13, and the shaft tube 14 can be adjusted.
  • the relative position between the connecting member 50 and the outer casing 11 is fixed. Further, the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 can be released by elastically deforming the connecting member 50.
  • the observation means 40 includes an image optical system 41 and an image sensor 42.
  • the image optical system 41 includes an objective lens 43 (object element), an image light transmission tube 44 (image light transmission member), and an imaging lens 45 (imaging element).
  • the objective lens 43 is provided at the distal end of the inner tube 22 (that is, the distal end of the insertion portion 20).
  • the image light transmission tube 44 includes the inner tube 22, the connecting tube 23, and the shaft tube 14, and extends in a straight line along the axis L. As shown in FIG. 3, the internal space of the image light transmission tube 44 is an image light transmission path 44d.
  • the peripheral surface of the image light transmission path 44d (the inner surfaces of the tubes 22, 23, and 14) constitutes an image light path defining surface 44b.
  • the image optical path defining surface 44b has a long cylindrical shape extending straight along the axis L so as to connect the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45.
  • a dark color film (not shown) made of a black paint or the like is coated on the image optical path defining surface 44b. As a result, the image optical path defining surface 44b is a dark low reflection surface.
  • the dark color is preferably black.
  • the image optical path defining surface 44b will be referred to as a “low reflection surface 44b” as appropriate.
  • the low reflection surface 44b has a cylindrical shape extending along the axis L.
  • the low reflection surface 44b has a reflectance with respect to incident light from the inside smaller than the absorptance, and preferably has a sufficiently small reflectance.
  • the imaging lens 45 is accommodated in the tip portion of the shaft tube 14 (holding portion) in the image light transmission tube 44. Therefore, the imaging lens 45 is provided in the hand portion 10.
  • the imaging lens 45 is configured by a relay lens including a plurality of lenses in a row, and has a sufficiently large focal length corresponding to the distance between the lenses with the objective lens 43.
  • a portion of the image light transmission tube 44 between the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45 is a cavity 44e, and no lens, optical fiber, or the like is provided between the lenses 43 and 45.
  • the inner tube 22 and thus the cylindrical low reflection surface 44b communicates the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45, and air as an image light transmission medium is connected to the cavity 44e in the inner tube 22 (low reflection surface 44b). (Gas) is contained.
  • an image sensor 42 is provided at the proximal end portion of the shaft tube 14.
  • the image sensor 42 is configured by a CCD or a CMOS.
  • the cable 5 is connected to the image sensor 42. As shown in FIG. 5, the cable 5 is pulled out from the proximal end portion of the hand portion 10 and connected to the CCU 3.
  • the illumination unit 30 includes a plurality of light sources 31 and an illumination optical system 32.
  • the light source 31 is comprised by LED (light emitting diode), Preferably it is comprised by white LED, This invention is not limited to this.
  • the light source 31 is held by the sleeve 13 so as to face the distal direction (left in FIG. 1A) from the sleeve 13. Therefore, the light source 31 is arranged so as to be shifted from the axis L.
  • Optical axis L 31 of the light source 31 is directed obliquely relative to the axis L.
  • a plurality of light sources 31 are arranged in a ring shape in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 13 and surround the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the axial tube 14 (and thus the image light transmission tube 44).
  • One annular light source may be provided so as to surround the image light transmission tube 44.
  • the illumination optical system 32 includes an illumination light transmission tube 34, an exit lens 35 (illumination window), and a light guide member 33 (light guide portion).
  • the illumination light transmission tube 34 is constituted by the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 of the insertion portion 20.
  • a space 34e extending between the tubes 21 and 22 along the axis L is formed in an annular shape (cylindrical shape), and this annular cavity 34e constitutes an illumination light transmission path 34d in the insertion portion 10. ing.
  • air (gas) is provided as an illumination light transmission medium.
  • the outer peripheral surface (the inner surface of the outer tube 21) of the annular illumination light transmission path 34d is mirror-finished to form an outer reflecting surface 34a.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the annular illumination light transmission path 34d (the outer surface of the inner tube 22) is mirror-finished to form an inner reflection surface 34b.
  • the material for the mirror film include aluminum, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other glossy metals such as silver may be used.
  • the inner reflection surface 34b has a cylindrical shape that extends along the axis L while surrounding the low reflection surface 44b so as to form a front and back surface with the low reflection surface 44b.
  • the outer reflection surface 34a is concentric with the inner reflection surface 34b, surrounds the inner reflection surface 34b, and has a cylindrical shape extending along the axis L. Air (gas) as an illumination light transmission medium is provided between the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b (between the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22).
  • the reflectance of the reflection surfaces 34a and 34b with respect to the illumination light is higher than the reflectance of the low reflection surface 44b with respect to the image light, and the absorption rate with respect to the illumination light of the reflection surfaces 34a and 34b is absorption with respect to the image light of the low reflection surface 44b. Lower than the rate.
  • the exit lens 35 is configured by an annular concave lens.
  • the exit lens 35 is fitted into the distal end portion of the illumination light transmission tube 34 (between the distal end portions of the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22).
  • the tip of the illumination light transmission path 34d is blocked by the exit lens 35.
  • an annular flat glass may be provided at the tip of the illumination light transmission tube 34.
  • the light guide member 33 has a conical ring shape having a center hole 33c.
  • the light guide member 33 is made of transparent glass (illumination light transmission medium) and has translucency.
  • the light guide member 33 may be made of a transparent optical resin (illumination light transmission medium) instead of glass.
  • the light guide member 33 is accommodated in the conical recess 52a with the central axis aligned with the axis L. Accordingly, the light guide member 33 is interposed between the light source 31 and the insertion portion 20.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is reduced in diameter toward the insertion portion 20 (and thus the illumination light transmission path 34d), and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the conical recess 52a.
  • the end portion on the large diameter side of the light guide member 33 is directed to the light source 31, and the end portion on the small diameter side of the light guide member 33 is directed to the insertion portion 20.
  • An annular end surface on the small diameter side of the light guide member 33 closes the base end portion of the illumination light transmission path 34d.
  • a portion of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a (that is, a portion of the image light transmission tube 44) is inserted through the center hole portion 33c.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the center hole portion 33c is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a. Therefore, the light guide member 33 surrounds the image light transmission tube 44.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is mirror-finished by coating a mirror film (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 constitutes the outer reflective surface 33a. Further, the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a are polished or mirror-finished by coating a mirror film (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the central hole portion 33c of the light guide member 33 is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a that are mirrored, thereby forming a reflection surface 33b on the inner side of the light guide member 33. .
  • An illumination light transmission medium made of glass is formed between the reflecting surfaces 33a and 33b. Examples of the material for the mirror film include aluminum, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other glossy metals such as silver may be used.
  • the insertion unit 20 When observing an observation target such as an orbit of a human body with the endoscope 2, the insertion unit 20 is inserted into the observation target and illumination light is emitted from the light source 31.
  • the transmission distance of the illumination light can be shortened and the transmission efficiency can be increased.
  • the illumination light obliquely enters the light guide member 33 and is condensed (converged) toward the front end side of the light guide member 33 while being reflected by the reflection surfaces 33a and 33b. Illumination light can be reliably reflected by making the reflection surfaces 33a and 33b mirror surfaces, and loss of illumination light can be suppressed.
  • the angle formed by the traveling direction of the illumination light and the axis L is increased.
  • This illumination light is introduced into the illumination light transmission path 34 d from the tip of the light guide member 33. And it is propagated to the front end side of the illumination light transmission path 34d while being reflected by the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b.
  • Illumination light can be reliably reflected by making the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b mirror surfaces. Even if the incident angle of the illumination light to the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b is small, it can be reliably reflected and transmitted. Therefore, the loss of illumination light can be reduced.
  • This illumination light is irradiated so as to diffuse from the exit lens 35 and illuminates the observation target.
  • the angle of the optical axis L 31 of the angle and the light source 31 of the tapered outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is appropriately set, can be adjusted emitting angle thus illumination range. That is, the emission angle can be increased by the light guide member 33, and the illumination range can be widened.
  • the illuminated image light of the observation object enters the objective lens 43 and propagates to the proximal end side of the image light transmission path 44d.
  • the image light enters the imaging lens 45 straight from the objective lens 43 and is imaged on the image sensor 42 by the imaging lens 45.
  • the image sensor 42 converts this image light into an electrical signal. This signal is sent to the CCU 3 and displayed on the monitor 4 as an observation image.
  • the sharpness (contrast) of the observed image can be ensured.
  • the illumination light can be reliably prevented from entering the image light transmission path 44d by the inner tube 22, it is possible to more reliably prevent the observation image from becoming unclear.
  • the rigid endoscope 2 since there are only two optical lenses of the image optical system 41, the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45, the total aberration can be sufficiently suppressed, and the aberration is corrected. This can save or simplify the trouble of reducing or reducing. Further, since the illumination light transmission medium of the illumination light transmission path 34d and the image light transmission medium of the image light transmission path 44d in the insertion section 20 are composed of air (gas), the internal structure of the insertion section 20 is simplified. it can. Therefore, the price of the rigid endoscope 2 can be reduced. In addition, the insertion portion 20 can be made extremely fine without worrying about damage to the optical element in the insertion portion 20.
  • the insertion portion 20 is extremely thin, for example, having a diameter of 2 mm to 3 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, when the insertion portion 20 is bent by some bending load, the internal illumination light transmission medium and image light transmission medium are There is no damage. Further, since the objective lens 43 is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion 20, there is almost no possibility that the objective lens 43 is damaged even if the intermediate portion of the insertion portion 20 is curved. Furthermore, if the bending is within the elastic deformation region of the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22, when the bending load is released, the insertion portion 20 naturally returns to the original straight state by the elastic restoring force of the tubes 21 and 22. Return. Therefore, it is possible to reliably irradiate the observation target with the illumination light, and to reliably collect and observe the image of the observation target.
  • the used insertion portion 20 and the connection member 50 can be separated from the hand portion 10 and replaced with a new insertion portion 20 and connection member 50 each time it is used.
  • the connecting member 50 is elastically deformed, the locking convex portion 51e is removed from the locking concave portion 11e, and the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 is released, and then the covering cylinder portion 51 of the connecting member 50 is removed. Pull out from the outer casing 11.
  • the connection member 50 and the hand portion 10 can be easily separated, and consequently, the insertion portion 20 and the hand portion 10 can be separated.
  • the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 can be released by elastic deformation of the connecting member 50, it is not necessary to provide a separate engagement release mechanism.
  • the connecting member 50 is pulled out from the outer casing 11, the connecting tube 23 is pulled out from the shaft tube 14. Therefore, the observation means 40 is separated between the connecting tube 23 and the shaft tube 14. Further, the illumination means 30 can be easily separated between the light source 31 and the light guide member 33.
  • the connecting tube 23 of the new insertion portion 20 is fitted into the shaft tube 14, and the covering cylinder portion 51 of the connecting member 50 integrated with the insertion portion 20 is removed. Fit into the outer periphery of the housing 11.
  • the connection member 50 by inserting the guide protrusion 11f into the guide groove 51f, the connection member 50, and thus the insertion portion 20 and the proximal portion 10 can be positioned in the circumferential direction.
  • the pinion 61 and the rack 62 are engaged with each other while the connecting member 50 is elastically deformed.
  • the connecting member 50 and thus the insertion portion 20 and the hand portion 10 can be positioned in the axial direction.
  • the position of the insertion portion 20 and the axial tube 14 is finely adjusted by turning the pinion 61 of the position adjusting means 60.
  • the inter-lens distance between the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45 can be finely adjusted according to the focal length. It is also possible to adjust the magnification of the observation image by the position adjusting means 60.
  • connection member 50 itself elastically adheres to the outer casing 11, so that the connection member 50 itself functions as a seal member. Therefore, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 can be detachably attached without complicating the seal structure. Therefore, a sealing member such as an O-ring is not necessary, and not only the number of parts can be reduced, but also a housing for the sealing member need not be formed, and the configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, the structure of the position adjusting means 60 is also simple. Therefore, even if the insertion portion 20 is disposable, it is possible to reliably avoid an increase in cost, and the endoscope 2 suitable for the disposable specification of the insertion portion 20 can be provided. Moreover, the trouble which wash
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B show an endoscope 2A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cylindrical connection member 55 made of elastic rubber is provided between the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20.
  • the connecting member 55 covers the proximal portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 so as to straddle between the distal end portion of the proximal portion 10 and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20.
  • the tapered cylindrical tip side portion 56 of the connecting member 55 is elastically adhered to the peripheral surface of the insertion portion 20 (one member), and the cylindrical proximal end side portion 57 of the connecting member 55 is at hand. It is joined integrally with the part 10 (the other member). As a result, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are detachably connected by the connection member 55. Further, the pinion 61 of the adjusting means 60 is provided on the connection member 55, and the rack 62 is provided on the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20.
  • the illumination light transmission medium in the illumination light transmission path 34d may be made of a transparent optical resin, may be made of a liquid such as water, or may be made of an optical fiber.
  • the image light transmission medium in the image light transmission path 44d may be made of a transparent optical resin, may be made of a liquid such as water, or may be made of an optical fiber or a relay lens.
  • the illumination light transmission medium in the illumination light transmission path 34d is composed of a cylindrical transparent optical resin
  • the image light transmission medium in the image light transmission path 44d is composed of a columnar transparent optical resin, and the above cylindrical shape
  • the cylindrical transparent optical resin may be inserted into the center hole of the transparent optical resin.
  • the inner tube 22 may be omitted.
  • a mirror film is coated on the inner peripheral surface of the center hole of the cylindrical transparent optical resin
  • a dark color film is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical transparent optical resin.
  • the outer reflective surface 33a may be configured by providing a mirror film on the inner peripheral surface of the conical recess 52a.
  • the inner reflection surface 33b may be configured by providing a mirror film on the inner peripheral surface of the center hole portion 33c of the light guide member 33.
  • the light guide member 33 may be omitted, the inside of the conical recess 52a may be a cavity, and the air (gas) in the conical recess 52a may be used as the illumination light transmission medium.
  • the present invention is not limited to a rigid endoscope but can be applied to a flexible endoscope.
  • the outer tube 21 or the inner tube 22 may be made of resin.
  • Optical axis L 31 of the light source 31 may be parallel with the axis L.
  • the present invention can be applied to, for example, an endoscope.

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Abstract

Provided is an endoscope which uses a simple and inexpensive configuration which makes it possible that a hand-held section and an insertion section can be connected and disconnected from each other while sealing properties are ensured, thereby making the insertion section suitable to be disposed of. An elastic connection member (50) is provided between the hand-held section (10) and insertion section (20) of an endoscope (2). The connection member (50) straddles and covers the front end of the hand-held section (10) and the base end of the insertion section (20), is in close elastic contact with the hand-held section (10), and is integrally joined to the insertion section (20). Thus, the hand-held section (10) and the insertion section (20) are separably connected to each other.

Description

内視鏡Endoscope
 本発明は、内視鏡に関し、特に使い捨て仕様に適した内視鏡構造に関する。 The present invention relates to an endoscope, and more particularly to an endoscope structure suitable for a disposable specification.
 一般に、この種の内視鏡は、手元部から挿入部が延びている。挿入部の内部には、光源からの照明光を伝送する光ファイバー等の照明光学系や、像光を伝送するリレーレンズや光ファイバー等の光学系が設けられている(特許文献1、2等参照)。特許文献2の内視鏡は、挿入部を含む先端部分が撮像部を含む手元部から分離可能になっている。 Generally, this type of endoscope has an insertion portion extending from a hand portion. An illumination optical system such as an optical fiber that transmits illumination light from a light source, and an optical system such as a relay lens that transmits image light and an optical fiber are provided inside the insertion portion (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). . In the endoscope of Patent Document 2, the distal end portion including the insertion portion is separable from the hand portion including the imaging portion.
特開2005-237436号公報JP 2005-237436 A 国際公開番号WO2009/078070International Publication Number WO2009 / 078070
 この種の内視鏡においては、使用の度に洗浄して再使用するよりも、使い捨てにしたいとの要望がある。しかし、内視鏡全体を使い捨てにするのは不経済である。そこで、特許文献2のように、手元部と挿入部とを切り離して、挿入部だけを使い捨てにして取り換えることが考えられる。しかし、特許文献2では、手元部と挿入部との間のシール性を確保する手段が記載されておらず、継目から液が侵入するおそれがある。一方、Oリング等のシール部材を設けると、部品点数が増え、シール部材の収容部を加工したり、シール部材を収容部に嵌め込んだりする手間も必要となり、それだけコスト高になる。コストが高いと、使い捨てに適さなくなる。
 本発明は、上記事情に鑑み、簡素で安価な構成によって、シール性を確保しながら手元部と挿入部とを着脱自在にし、挿入部を使い捨て仕様とするのに適した内視鏡を提供することを目的とする。
In this type of endoscope, there is a demand to make it disposable rather than cleaning and reusing it each time it is used. However, it is uneconomical to make the entire endoscope disposable. Therefore, as in Patent Document 2, it is conceivable that the hand portion and the insertion portion are separated and only the insertion portion is made disposable and replaced. However, Patent Document 2 does not describe means for ensuring the sealing performance between the hand portion and the insertion portion, and there is a possibility that the liquid may enter from the joint. On the other hand, when a sealing member such as an O-ring is provided, the number of parts is increased, and it is necessary to process the housing portion of the sealing member or to fit the sealing member into the housing portion, which increases the cost. High costs make it unsuitable for disposable use.
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides an endoscope suitable for making the insertion portion disposable by making the insertion portion and the insertion portion detachable while ensuring sealing performance with a simple and inexpensive configuration. For the purpose.
 上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、手元部と、前記手元部から軸線に沿って延びる挿入部とを備えた内視鏡であって、前記手元部と前記挿入部が互いに別部材にて構成されて分離可能であり、さらに、弾性を有する筒状の接続部材を備え、前記接続部材が、前記手元部の先端部と前記挿入部の基端部とに跨るように被さるとともに、手元部及び挿入部のうち一方の部材の周面に弾性的に密着し、かつ前記手元部及び挿入部のうち他方の部材と一体に接合されることによって、前記手元部と前記挿入部とが前記接続部材によって分離可能に接続されることを特徴とする。
 この特徴構成によれば、手元部と挿入部を切り離すことで、挿入部を使い捨てにしたり交換したりできる。しかも、接続部材自体がシール部材の機能を果たすようにできるから、Oリング等のシール部材が不要であり、部品点数を減らすことができるだけでなく、シール部材の収容部を形成する必要がなく、構成を簡素にできる。これによって、安価で、使い捨て仕様に適した内視鏡を提供できる。
In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides an endoscope including a hand portion and an insertion portion extending from the hand portion along an axis, wherein the hand portion and the insertion portion are separate members. A cylindrical connecting member that is configured and separable, and has elasticity, and the connecting member covers the distal end portion of the proximal portion and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion, and the proximal portion The insertion portion and the insertion portion are elastically in close contact with a peripheral surface of one member and are integrally joined with the other member of the insertion portion and the insertion portion, thereby connecting the proximal portion and the insertion portion to each other It is characterized by being separably connected by a member.
According to this characteristic configuration, the insertion portion can be made disposable or replaced by separating the hand portion and the insertion portion. In addition, since the connecting member itself can function as a sealing member, a sealing member such as an O-ring is unnecessary, not only can the number of parts be reduced, but there is no need to form a housing portion for the sealing member, The configuration can be simplified. This makes it possible to provide an endoscope that is inexpensive and suitable for disposable specifications.
 前記挿入部の先端部に対物素子が設けられ、前記手元部に結像素子が設けられていることが好ましい。さらに、前記内視鏡が、手元部及び挿入部のうち前記一方の部材と前記接続部材との前記軸線に沿う相対位置を可変調節する調節手段を備えていることが好ましい。これによって、たとえば新たな挿入部を手元部に接続する際、対物素子と結像素子との距離を焦点距離に合わせて微調節することができる。 It is preferable that an objective element is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion, and an imaging element is provided at the proximal portion. Furthermore, it is preferable that the endoscope includes an adjustment unit that variably adjusts a relative position of the one member and the connection member along the axis line of the hand portion and the insertion portion. Accordingly, for example, when a new insertion portion is connected to the proximal portion, the distance between the objective element and the imaging element can be finely adjusted according to the focal length.
 前記調節手段が、前記接続部材に設けられたピニオンと、手元部及び挿入部のうち前記一方の部材に設けられるとともに前記ピニオンと噛み合うラックとを含み、前記接続部材の弾性変形によって前記噛み合いが解除可能であることが好ましい。これによって、調節手段を簡素な構成にすることができる。接続部材が上記の噛み合いを解除する機能を兼ねるため、別途、噛み合い解除機構を設ける必要も無い。 The adjusting means includes a pinion provided on the connection member and a rack provided on the one member of the hand portion and the insertion portion and meshing with the pinion, and the meshing is released by elastic deformation of the connection member. Preferably it is possible. As a result, the adjustment means can have a simple configuration. Since the connecting member also has a function of releasing the above engagement, it is not necessary to provide a separate engagement release mechanism.
 前記手元部が、外筐と、前記外筐の内部に前記軸線に沿って移動可能に収容された保持部とを有し、前記保持部に前記結像素子が保持されており、前記挿入部と前記外筐とが前記接続部材を介して位置固定される一方、前記挿入部と前記保持部とが前記調節手段によって前記軸線に沿って相対位置調節されることが好ましい。
 これによって、外筐と接続部材とは互いにずれないようにしながら、保持部(ひいては結像素子)と対物素子とを前記軸線に沿う方向(軸方向)に位置調節でき、外筐と接続部材との間のシール性を確実に確保できる。
The hand portion includes an outer casing and a holding portion that is housed in the outer casing so as to be movable along the axis, and the imaging element is held in the holding portion, and the insertion portion It is preferable that the position of the housing and the outer casing is fixed via the connection member, and the relative position of the insertion portion and the holding portion is adjusted by the adjusting means along the axis.
Accordingly, the position of the holding portion (and hence the imaging element) and the objective element can be adjusted in the direction along the axis (axial direction) while keeping the outer casing and the connecting member from shifting from each other. The sealing performance between the two can be ensured.
 前記挿入部には、軸線に沿って延びる外管と、前記外管に収容された内管とが設けられ、前記外管と前記内管との間には、光源からの照明光を伝送する気体、液体、透光性の樹脂の何れかからなる照明光伝送媒体が収容され、前記内管の内部には、観察対象の像光を伝送する気体、液体、透光性の樹脂の何れかからなる像光伝送媒体が収容され、前記内管の先端に前記対物素子が設けられ、前記内管の基端が前記保持部と軸線に沿って相対位置調節可能かつ分離可能に連結されることが好ましい。
 これによって、挿入部の構成を一層簡素で安価にでき、使い捨て仕様に一層適した内視鏡を提供できる。
The insertion portion is provided with an outer tube extending along an axis and an inner tube accommodated in the outer tube, and illumination light from a light source is transmitted between the outer tube and the inner tube. An illumination light transmission medium made of any one of gas, liquid, and translucent resin is accommodated. Inside the inner tube, any of gas, liquid, or translucent resin that transmits image light to be observed is contained. An image light transmission medium comprising: Is preferred.
As a result, the configuration of the insertion portion can be made simpler and cheaper, and an endoscope more suitable for disposable specifications can be provided.
 前記光源が前記手元部に設けられており、前記接続部材の内部には、前記挿入部に向かって縮径する円錐形状の円錐凹部が形成され、前記内管が前記円錐凹部を貫通し、前記円錐凹部の内周面と前記内管の外周面との間に、前記照明光を前記外管と内管との間に導くガラス、透光性の樹脂、又は気体からなる円錐環状の導光部が設けられていることが好ましい。
 手元部と挿入部を切り離す際、照明手段を光源と導光部との間において簡単に分離することができる。
The light source is provided at the proximal portion, and a conical recess having a conical shape whose diameter is reduced toward the insertion portion is formed inside the connection member, and the inner tube passes through the conical recess, A conical annular light guide made of glass, translucent resin, or gas that guides the illumination light between the outer tube and the inner tube between the inner surface of the conical recess and the outer surface of the inner tube It is preferable that a portion is provided.
When separating the hand portion and the insertion portion, the illumination means can be easily separated between the light source and the light guide portion.
 本発明によれば、簡素で安価な構成によって、シール性を確保しながら手元部と挿入部とを着脱自在にすることができ、挿入部を使い捨て仕様とするのに適した内視鏡を提供できる。 According to the present invention, an endoscope suitable for making the insertion portion disposable can be provided with a simple and inexpensive configuration that allows the hand portion and the insertion portion to be detachable while ensuring sealing performance. it can.
図1(a)は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る硬性内視鏡を、挿入部と手元部が接続された状態で示す縦断面図である。図1(b)は、上記硬性内視鏡を、挿入部と手元部が分離された状態で示す縦断面図である。Fig.1 (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rigid endoscope which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the insertion part and the hand part were connected. FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view showing the rigid endoscope in a state where the insertion portion and the hand portion are separated. 図1(a)のII-IIに沿う、上記硬性内視鏡の内部構造を省略した断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1A, omitting the internal structure of the rigid endoscope. 上記硬性内視鏡の一部を拡大して示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows a part of said rigid endoscope. 上記硬性内視鏡の導光部材の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the light guide member of the said rigid endoscope. 上記硬性内視鏡を含む内視鏡装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the endoscope apparatus containing the said rigid endoscope. 図6(a)は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る硬性内視鏡を、挿入部と手元部が接続された状態で示す側面図である。図6(b)は、上記第2実施形態に係る硬性内視鏡を、挿入部と手元部が分離された状態で示す側面図である。Fig.6 (a) is a side view which shows the rigid endoscope which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the insertion part and the hand part were connected. FIG. 6B is a side view showing the rigid endoscope according to the second embodiment with the insertion portion and the hand portion separated.
 以下、本発明の実施形態を図面にしたがって説明する。
 図5に示すように、内視鏡装置1は、硬性内視鏡2と、カメラコントロールユニット(CCU)3と、モニター4を備えている。硬性内視鏡2は、例えば眼科用の内視鏡であるが、本発明がこれに限られるものではない。図1(a)に示すように、硬性内視鏡2は、手元部10と、挿入部20と、照明手段30と、観察手段40を備えている。手元部10の先端(図1(a)において左)に挿入部20が連なっている。手元部10及び挿入部20の内部に照明手段30及び観察手段40が設けられている。手元部10が操作者によって保持され、挿入部20が人体の眼窩や涙腺等の観察対象に挿入される。照明手段30によって挿入部20の先端周辺の観察対象が照明される。観察手段40によって上記観察対象の像光が内視鏡2に取り込まれ、CCU3による画像処理を経て、モニター4に表示される。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 5, the endoscope apparatus 1 includes a rigid endoscope 2, a camera control unit (CCU) 3, and a monitor 4. The rigid endoscope 2 is, for example, an ophthalmic endoscope, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 1A, the rigid endoscope 2 includes a hand portion 10, an insertion portion 20, an illumination unit 30, and an observation unit 40. The insertion portion 20 is connected to the distal end of the hand portion 10 (left side in FIG. 1A). Illumination means 30 and observation means 40 are provided inside the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20. The hand portion 10 is held by an operator, and the insertion portion 20 is inserted into an observation target such as an eye socket or lacrimal gland of a human body. The observation object around the distal end of the insertion portion 20 is illuminated by the illumination means 30. The image light to be observed is taken into the endoscope 2 by the observation means 40 and displayed on the monitor 4 through image processing by the CCU 3.
 内視鏡2の構造を更に詳述する。
 図1(a)及び同図(b)に示すように、手元部10と挿入部20とは、互いに別部材にて構成されて分離可能(着脱可能)になっている。手元部10は、外筐11と、内筐12と、スリーブ13と、軸管14を含み、軸線Lに沿って延びる多重筒状になっている。図2に示すように、手元部10の断面形状は、卵形に似た変形楕円形状になっている。図1(a)に示すように、外筐11に内筐12が収容され、更に内筐12の内部にスリーブ13を介して軸管14が収容されている。スリーブ13及び軸管14は、互いに一体になって外筐11及び内筺12に対して軸方向(軸線Lに沿う方向)にスライド可能になっている。或いは、内筺12とスリーブ13と軸管14とが、互いに一体になって外筐11に対して軸方向にスライド可能になっていてもよい。
The structure of the endoscope 2 will be further described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are constituted by separate members and are separable (detachable). The hand portion 10 includes an outer casing 11, an inner casing 12, a sleeve 13, and a shaft tube 14, and has a multiple cylindrical shape extending along the axis L. As shown in FIG. 2, the cross-sectional shape of the hand portion 10 is a deformed ellipse shape similar to an oval shape. As shown in FIG. 1A, an inner casing 12 is accommodated in the outer casing 11, and a shaft tube 14 is accommodated in the inner casing 12 via a sleeve 13. The sleeve 13 and the shaft tube 14 are integrated with each other and are slidable in the axial direction (direction along the axis L) with respect to the outer casing 11 and the inner casing 12. Alternatively, the inner collar 12, the sleeve 13, and the shaft tube 14 may be integrated with each other and slidable in the axial direction with respect to the outer casing 11.
 図1に示すように、挿入部20は、手元部10の先端から軸線Lに沿って直線状に延びている。図3に示すように、挿入部20は、外管21と、内管22を含み、二重円管状になっている。外管21の材質は、好ましくは弾性を有する金属であり、例えばステンレス、普通鋼、鉄、アルミニウム等である。外管21ひいては挿入部20は極細である。外管21の外直径は、数mm(2mm~3mm)以下であり、好ましくは1mm以下であり、例えば0.9mm程度であるが、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。 As shown in FIG. 1, the insertion portion 20 extends linearly along the axis L from the tip of the hand portion 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the insertion portion 20 includes an outer tube 21 and an inner tube 22 and has a double circular tube shape. The material of the outer tube 21 is preferably a metal having elasticity, such as stainless steel, ordinary steel, iron, aluminum or the like. The outer tube 21 and thus the insertion portion 20 are extremely thin. The outer diameter of the outer tube 21 is several mm (2 mm to 3 mm) or less, preferably 1 mm or less, for example, about 0.9 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this.
 内管22は、外管21よりも小径であり、かつ外管21と同芯をなすようにして外管21の内部に収容されている。内管22の材質は、好ましくは弾性を有する金属であり、例えばステンレス、普通鋼、鉄、アルミニウムである。図1(b)に示すように、内管22の基端部(同図において右端部)は、外管21よりも手元部10に向かって突出している。この内管22の基端部に連結管23が設けられている。 The inner tube 22 has a smaller diameter than the outer tube 21 and is accommodated in the outer tube 21 so as to be concentric with the outer tube 21. The material of the inner tube 22 is preferably a metal having elasticity, such as stainless steel, ordinary steel, iron, and aluminum. As shown in FIG. 1B, the base end portion (right end portion in the figure) of the inner tube 22 protrudes toward the hand portion 10 from the outer tube 21. A connecting pipe 23 is provided at the base end of the inner pipe 22.
 図3に示すように、連結管23は、先端側(図3において左)の小径の管部23aと、中央のテーパ部23bと、基端側(図3において右)の大径の管部23cとを一体に含む。管部23aが、内管22の基端部の外周に嵌め込まれることによって、内管22と連結管23が一体に連結されている。管部23aの基端部にテーパ部23bが一体に連なっている。テーパ部23bは、基端方向へ向かうにしたがって拡径されている。このテーパ部23bの拡径端部に管部23cが一体に連なっている。この管部23cに、手元部10の軸管14が軸方向にスライド可能かつ着脱可能に嵌め込まれている。したがって、内管22の基端が、連結管23を介して軸管14と軸線Lに沿って相対位置調節可能かつ分離可能に連結されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting tube 23 is composed of a small-diameter tube portion 23 a on the distal end side (left in FIG. 3), a central tapered portion 23 b, and a large-diameter tube portion on the proximal end side (right in FIG. 3). 23c integrally. The inner tube 22 and the connecting tube 23 are integrally connected by fitting the tube portion 23 a into the outer periphery of the proximal end portion of the inner tube 22. A tapered portion 23b is integrally connected to the proximal end portion of the tube portion 23a. The diameter of the taper portion 23b is increased toward the proximal direction. The pipe portion 23c is integrally connected to the enlarged diameter end portion of the taper portion 23b. The shaft tube 14 of the hand portion 10 is fitted into the tube portion 23c so as to be slidable and detachable in the axial direction. Accordingly, the proximal end of the inner tube 22 is connected to the shaft tube 14 along the axis L via the connecting tube 23 so that the relative position can be adjusted and the separation is possible.
 図1(a)及び同図(b)に示すように、手元部10と挿入部20との間に接続部材50が設けられている。接続部材50は、ゴム(弾性材料)にて構成され、弾性を有している。図1(b)及び図2に示すように、接続部材50は、被覆筒部51と、キャップ部52とを一体に含む。被覆筒部51は、筒軸を軸線Lに沿わせた筒状に形成され、その断面形状は、手元部10とほぼ相似の変形楕円形状になっている。被覆筒部51の基端部(図1(b)において右端部)は開口されている。被覆筒部51の先端部(図1(b)において左端部)はキャップ部52によって塞がれている。 As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, a connecting member 50 is provided between the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20. The connecting member 50 is made of rubber (elastic material) and has elasticity. As shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, the connection member 50 integrally includes a covering cylinder portion 51 and a cap portion 52. The covering cylinder portion 51 is formed in a cylinder shape with the cylinder axis along the axis L, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is a deformed elliptical shape that is substantially similar to the hand portion 10. The base end part (the right end part in FIG.1 (b)) of the covering cylinder part 51 is opened. The tip end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1B) of the covering cylinder portion 51 is closed by the cap portion 52.
 図1(b)に示すように、キャップ部52は、軸線Lに沿って先端方向(図1(b)において左)に突出する錐形状の壁状になっている。図3に示すように、キャップ部52には、円錐凹部52aと、挿入穴52bとが軸線Lに沿って形成されている。円錐凹部52aは、先端(図3において左)に向かうにしたがって縮径された円錐形状になっている。円錐凹部52aの大径側の基端が、被覆筒部51の内部空間に開口されている。円錐凹部52aの小径側の先端に挿入穴52bが連なっている。挿入穴52bは、円錐凹部52aの先端部分と同程度の直径を有して、接続部材50の先端面に達している。 As shown in FIG. 1B, the cap portion 52 has a conical wall shape that protrudes along the axis L in the tip direction (left in FIG. 1B). As shown in FIG. 3, the cap 52 has a conical recess 52 a and an insertion hole 52 b formed along the axis L. The conical recess 52a has a conical shape with a diameter reduced toward the tip (left in FIG. 3). The base end on the large diameter side of the conical recess 52 a is opened to the internal space of the covering cylinder portion 51. An insertion hole 52b is connected to the tip on the small diameter side of the conical recess 52a. The insertion hole 52b has the same diameter as the tip portion of the conical recess 52a and reaches the tip surface of the connection member 50.
 図1(a)に示すように、接続部材50は、手元部10の先端部と挿入部20の基端部との間に跨るようにして、手元部10及び挿入部20の外周に被さっている。そして、被覆筒部51が手元部10(一方の部材)の外周面に弾性的に密着し、かつキャップ部52が挿入部20(他方の部材)と一体に接合されている。これによって、手元部10と挿入部20とが、接続部材50によって分離可能に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the connection member 50 covers the outer periphery of the proximal portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 so as to straddle between the distal end portion of the proximal portion 10 and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20. Yes. And the covering cylinder part 51 elastically adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the hand part 10 (one member), and the cap part 52 is joined integrally with the insertion part 20 (the other member). As a result, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are detachably connected by the connection member 50.
 上記接続構造について更に詳述する。
 外管21の基端部が挿入穴52bに嵌め込まれている。この挿入穴52bにおいて、外管21とキャップ部52とが接着剤等によって一体に接合されている。外管21のキャップ部52からの突出長さは、例えば30mm~50mm程度であるが、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。内管22の基端部は、外管21から突出されるとともに円錐凹部52aを軸線Lに沿って貫通して、接続部材50の内部に配置されている。
The connection structure will be further described in detail.
The base end portion of the outer tube 21 is fitted into the insertion hole 52b. In the insertion hole 52b, the outer tube 21 and the cap portion 52 are integrally joined by an adhesive or the like. The protruding length of the outer tube 21 from the cap portion 52 is, for example, about 30 mm to 50 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this. The proximal end portion of the inner tube 22 protrudes from the outer tube 21 and penetrates the conical recess 52 a along the axis L, and is disposed inside the connection member 50.
 自然状態(無負荷時)における被覆筒部51の内周面の寸法は、外筐11の先端部の外周面の寸法より少し小さい。図1(a)及び図2に示すように、この被覆筒部51が、外筐11の先端部の外周部に被さることで、該外筐11に弾性的に密着している。この弾性力によって被覆筒部51と手元部10とが分離可能に接続されている。また、被覆筒部51の内周面と外筐11の外周面との間が液密にシールされている。
 この接続状態において、キャップ部52は、手元部10から先端方向(図1(a)に於いて左)に離れて、手元部10の先端面に被さっている。
The dimension of the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder part 51 in a natural state (no load) is slightly smaller than the dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the front end part of the outer casing 11. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 2, the covering cylinder portion 51 covers the outer peripheral portion of the distal end portion of the outer casing 11, thereby being elastically adhered to the outer casing 11. The coated cylinder part 51 and the hand part 10 are detachably connected by this elastic force. In addition, a space between the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder portion 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner.
In this connected state, the cap portion 52 is separated from the proximal portion 10 in the distal direction (left in FIG. 1A) and covers the distal end surface of the proximal portion 10.
 図2に示すように、外筐11の外周面には、複数(ここでは2つ)の案内凸条11fが形成されている。これら案内凸条11fは、軸線Lに沿って真っ直ぐ延びるとともに、周方向に互いに離れて配置されている。一方、被覆筒部51の内周面には、上記案内凸条11fと対応する数(ここでは2つ)の案内溝51fが形成されている。これら案内溝51fは、軸線Lに沿って真っ直ぐ延びるとともに、周方向に互いに離れて、案内凸条11fと対応する位置に配置されている。各案内凸条11fが、対応する案内溝51fに軸線Lに沿ってスライド可能に嵌め込まれている。これによって、接続部材50が手元部10の周方向に相対回転しないように回り止めされている。 As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality (two in this case) of guide ridges 11 f are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11. These guide ridges 11f extend straight along the axis L and are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, on the inner peripheral surface of the covering cylinder portion 51, a number (here, two) of guide grooves 51f corresponding to the guide protrusions 11f are formed. The guide grooves 51f extend straight along the axis L, and are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and are disposed at positions corresponding to the guide protrusions 11f. Each guide ridge 11f is slidably fitted along the axis L in the corresponding guide groove 51f. As a result, the connection member 50 is prevented from rotating relative to the peripheral direction of the hand portion 10.
 さらに、図1に示すように、外筐11の外周面には、係止凹部11eが外筐11の周方向に沿って環状に形成されている。一方、被覆筒部51の基端部には、径方向の内側に突出する係止凸部51eが被覆筒部51の周方向に沿って環状に設けられている。係止凸部51eが係止凹部11eに嵌って係止されている。これによって、外筐11と接続部材50とが軸方向に位置決めされている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a locking recess 11 e is formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the outer casing 11 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer casing 11. On the other hand, a locking projection 51 e that protrudes inward in the radial direction is provided annularly along the circumferential direction of the covering cylinder 51 at the base end of the covering cylinder 51. The locking projection 51e is fitted and locked in the locking recess 11e. Thereby, the outer casing 11 and the connection member 50 are positioned in the axial direction.
 接続部材50と手元部10との間には、位置調節手段60が設けられている。位置調節手段60は、ピニオン61(円形歯車)と、ラック62(直線歯車)とを含む。ピニオン61は、接続部材50に回転可能に埋め込まれている。接続部材50がピニオン61に弾性的に接することによって、接続部材50とピニオン61との間が液密にシールされている。ラック62は、手元部10のスリーブ13に固定されている。これらピニオン61とラック62が互いに噛み合っている。ピニオン61を回すことによって、接続部材50と、スリーブ13及び軸管14との軸方向の相対位置を調節できる。この位置調整の際、接続部材50と外筐11との相対位置は固定されている。
 また、接続部材50を弾性変形させることで、上記ピニオン61とラック62の噛み合いを解除可能である。
A position adjusting means 60 is provided between the connecting member 50 and the hand portion 10. The position adjusting means 60 includes a pinion 61 (circular gear) and a rack 62 (linear gear). The pinion 61 is rotatably embedded in the connection member 50. The connection member 50 is elastically in contact with the pinion 61, so that the space between the connection member 50 and the pinion 61 is liquid-tightly sealed. The rack 62 is fixed to the sleeve 13 of the hand portion 10. The pinion 61 and the rack 62 are engaged with each other. By rotating the pinion 61, the axial relative positions of the connecting member 50, the sleeve 13, and the shaft tube 14 can be adjusted. At the time of this position adjustment, the relative position between the connecting member 50 and the outer casing 11 is fixed.
Further, the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 can be released by elastically deforming the connecting member 50.
 図1(a)に示すように、観察手段40は、像光学系41と、撮像素子42を有している。像光学系41は、対物レンズ43(対物素子)と、像光伝送管44(像光伝送部材)と、結像レンズ45(結像素子)を含む。対物レンズ43は、内管22の先端(すなわち挿入部20の先端)に設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the observation means 40 includes an image optical system 41 and an image sensor 42. The image optical system 41 includes an objective lens 43 (object element), an image light transmission tube 44 (image light transmission member), and an imaging lens 45 (imaging element). The objective lens 43 is provided at the distal end of the inner tube 22 (that is, the distal end of the insertion portion 20).
 像光伝送管44は、上記内管22、連結管23、及び軸管14によって構成され、軸線Lに沿って一直線に延びている。図3に示すように、像光伝送管44の内部空間が、像光伝送路44dとなっている。像光伝送路44dの周面(管22,23,14の内面)は、像光路画成面44bを構成している。像光路画成面44bは、対物レンズ43と結像レンズ45とを連絡するようにして軸線Lに沿って真っ直ぐ延びる長い筒状になっている。像光路画成面44bには、黒色系塗料等からなる暗色膜(図示省略)が被膜されている。これによって、像光路画成面44bが、暗色の低反射面になっている。上記暗色は、好ましくは黒色である。以下、適宜、像光路画成面44bを「低反射面44b」と称す。低反射面44bは、軸線Lに沿って延びる筒状になっている。低反射面44bは、その内側からの入射光に対する反射率が吸収率より小さく、好ましくは反射率が十分に小さい。 The image light transmission tube 44 includes the inner tube 22, the connecting tube 23, and the shaft tube 14, and extends in a straight line along the axis L. As shown in FIG. 3, the internal space of the image light transmission tube 44 is an image light transmission path 44d. The peripheral surface of the image light transmission path 44d (the inner surfaces of the tubes 22, 23, and 14) constitutes an image light path defining surface 44b. The image optical path defining surface 44b has a long cylindrical shape extending straight along the axis L so as to connect the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45. A dark color film (not shown) made of a black paint or the like is coated on the image optical path defining surface 44b. As a result, the image optical path defining surface 44b is a dark low reflection surface. The dark color is preferably black. Hereinafter, the image optical path defining surface 44b will be referred to as a “low reflection surface 44b” as appropriate. The low reflection surface 44b has a cylindrical shape extending along the axis L. The low reflection surface 44b has a reflectance with respect to incident light from the inside smaller than the absorptance, and preferably has a sufficiently small reflectance.
 図1に示すように、結像レンズ45は、像光伝送管44における軸管14(保持部)の先端部分に収容されている。したがって、結像レンズ45は、手元部10に設けられている。結像レンズ45は、一列をなす複数のレンズを含むリレーレンズにて構成され、対物レンズ43との間のレンズ間距離に対応する十分に大きな焦点距離を有している。図3に示すように、像光伝送管44における対物レンズ43と結像レンズ45の間の部分は空洞44eになっており、これらレンズ43,45間にレンズや光ファイバー等は設けられていない。内管22ひいては筒状の低反射面44bが、対物レンズ43と結像レンズ45とを連絡しており、この内管22(低反射面44b)内の空洞44eに像光伝送媒体としての空気(気体)が収容されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the imaging lens 45 is accommodated in the tip portion of the shaft tube 14 (holding portion) in the image light transmission tube 44. Therefore, the imaging lens 45 is provided in the hand portion 10. The imaging lens 45 is configured by a relay lens including a plurality of lenses in a row, and has a sufficiently large focal length corresponding to the distance between the lenses with the objective lens 43. As shown in FIG. 3, a portion of the image light transmission tube 44 between the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45 is a cavity 44e, and no lens, optical fiber, or the like is provided between the lenses 43 and 45. The inner tube 22 and thus the cylindrical low reflection surface 44b communicates the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45, and air as an image light transmission medium is connected to the cavity 44e in the inner tube 22 (low reflection surface 44b). (Gas) is contained.
 図1に示すように、軸管14の基端部には、撮像素子42が設けられている。撮像素子42は、CCDやCMOSにて構成されている。撮像素子42にケーブル5が接続されている。図5に示すように、ケーブル5は、手元部10の基端部から引き出されてCCU3に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, an image sensor 42 is provided at the proximal end portion of the shaft tube 14. The image sensor 42 is configured by a CCD or a CMOS. The cable 5 is connected to the image sensor 42. As shown in FIG. 5, the cable 5 is pulled out from the proximal end portion of the hand portion 10 and connected to the CCU 3.
 図1(a)に示すように、照明手段30は、複数の光源31と、照明光学系32を含む。光源31は、LED(発光ダイオード)にて構成されており、好ましくは白色LEDにて構成されているが、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。光源31は、スリーブ13から先端方向(図1(a)において左)を臨むようにして、スリーブ13に保持されている。したがって、光源31は、軸線Lからずれて配置されている。光源31の光軸L31は、軸線Lに対して斜めに向けられている。複数の光源31が、スリーブ13の周方向に環状に並べられ、軸管14の先端部(ひいては像光伝送管44)の外周を囲んでいる。
 なお、1つの環状の光源を、像光伝送管44を囲むように設けてもよい。
As shown in FIG. 1A, the illumination unit 30 includes a plurality of light sources 31 and an illumination optical system 32. Although the light source 31 is comprised by LED (light emitting diode), Preferably it is comprised by white LED, This invention is not limited to this. The light source 31 is held by the sleeve 13 so as to face the distal direction (left in FIG. 1A) from the sleeve 13. Therefore, the light source 31 is arranged so as to be shifted from the axis L. Optical axis L 31 of the light source 31 is directed obliquely relative to the axis L. A plurality of light sources 31 are arranged in a ring shape in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 13 and surround the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the axial tube 14 (and thus the image light transmission tube 44).
One annular light source may be provided so as to surround the image light transmission tube 44.
 図3に示すように、照明光学系32は、照明光伝送管34と、出射レンズ35(照明窓)、導光部材33(導光部)とを含む。照明光伝送管34は、挿入部20の外管21及び内管22によって構成されている。これら管21,22どうしの間が、環状(筒状)をなして軸線Lに沿って延びる空洞34eになっており、この環状の空洞34eが、挿入部10における照明光伝送路34dを構成している。照明光伝送路34d内には、照明光伝送媒体として空気(気体)が設けられている。環状の照明光伝送路34dの外側の周面(外管21の内面)は、鏡面化処理されることによって外側反射面34aを構成している。同様に、環状の照明光伝送路34dの内側の周面(内管22の外面)は、鏡面化処理されることによって内側反射面34bを構成している。外管21の内面及び内管22の外面を磨いたり、これら面に鏡面膜(図示省略)を蒸着やスパッタリング等にて被膜したりすることによって、これら面を鏡面にすることができる。上記鏡面膜の材質としては、アルミニウムが挙げられるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、銀等の他の光沢を有する金属を用いてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the illumination optical system 32 includes an illumination light transmission tube 34, an exit lens 35 (illumination window), and a light guide member 33 (light guide portion). The illumination light transmission tube 34 is constituted by the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 of the insertion portion 20. A space 34e extending between the tubes 21 and 22 along the axis L is formed in an annular shape (cylindrical shape), and this annular cavity 34e constitutes an illumination light transmission path 34d in the insertion portion 10. ing. In the illumination light transmission path 34d, air (gas) is provided as an illumination light transmission medium. The outer peripheral surface (the inner surface of the outer tube 21) of the annular illumination light transmission path 34d is mirror-finished to form an outer reflecting surface 34a. Similarly, the inner peripheral surface of the annular illumination light transmission path 34d (the outer surface of the inner tube 22) is mirror-finished to form an inner reflection surface 34b. By polishing the inner surface of the outer tube 21 and the outer surface of the inner tube 22, or coating these surfaces with a mirror film (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering, these surfaces can be made mirror surfaces. Examples of the material for the mirror film include aluminum, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other glossy metals such as silver may be used.
 内側反射面34bは、低反射面44bと表裏をなして低反射面44bを囲むとともに軸線Lに沿って延びる筒状になっている。外側反射面34aは、内側反射面34bと同心をなして内側反射面34bを囲むとともに軸線Lに沿って延びる筒状になっている。反射面34a,34bどうしの間(外管21と内管22との間)に、照明光伝送媒体としての空気(気体)が設けられている。反射面34a,34bの照明光に対する反射率は、低反射面44bの像光に対する反射率よりも高く、かつ反射面34a,34bの照明光に対する吸収率は、低反射面44bの像光に対する吸収率よりも低い。 The inner reflection surface 34b has a cylindrical shape that extends along the axis L while surrounding the low reflection surface 44b so as to form a front and back surface with the low reflection surface 44b. The outer reflection surface 34a is concentric with the inner reflection surface 34b, surrounds the inner reflection surface 34b, and has a cylindrical shape extending along the axis L. Air (gas) as an illumination light transmission medium is provided between the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b (between the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22). The reflectance of the reflection surfaces 34a and 34b with respect to the illumination light is higher than the reflectance of the low reflection surface 44b with respect to the image light, and the absorption rate with respect to the illumination light of the reflection surfaces 34a and 34b is absorption with respect to the image light of the low reflection surface 44b. Lower than the rate.
 図3に示すように、出射レンズ35は、環状の凹レンズにて構成されている。この出射レンズ35が、照明光伝送管34の先端部(外管21及び内管22の先端部どうし間)に嵌め込まれている。出射レンズ35によって、照明光伝送路34dの先端部が塞がれている。
 なお、レンズ35に代えて、環状の平ガラスを照明光伝送管34の先端部に設けてもよい。
As shown in FIG. 3, the exit lens 35 is configured by an annular concave lens. The exit lens 35 is fitted into the distal end portion of the illumination light transmission tube 34 (between the distal end portions of the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22). The tip of the illumination light transmission path 34d is blocked by the exit lens 35.
Instead of the lens 35, an annular flat glass may be provided at the tip of the illumination light transmission tube 34.
 図4に示すように、導光部材33は、中心孔部33cを有する円錐環形状になっている。導光部材33は、透明なガラス(照明光伝送媒体)にて構成され、透光性を有している。なお、導光部材33が、ガラスに代えて、透明な光学樹脂(照明光伝送媒体)にて構成されていてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 4, the light guide member 33 has a conical ring shape having a center hole 33c. The light guide member 33 is made of transparent glass (illumination light transmission medium) and has translucency. The light guide member 33 may be made of a transparent optical resin (illumination light transmission medium) instead of glass.
 図3に示すように、上記導光部材33が、中心軸を軸線Lと一致させて、円錐凹部52aに収容されている。これによって、光源31と挿入部20との間に導光部材33が介在されている。導光部材33の外周面は、挿入部20(ひいては照明光伝送路34d)に向って縮径されるとともに、円錐凹部52aの内周面に接している。導光部材33の大径側の端部が光源31に向けられ、導光部材33の小径側の端部が挿入部20に向けられている。導光部材33の小径側の環状の端面が、照明光伝送路34dの基端部を塞いでいる。中心孔部33cには、内管22及び管部23aの一部(すなわち像光伝送管44の一部)が挿通されている。この中心孔部33cの内周面が、上記内管22及び管部23aの外周面と接している。したがって、導光部材33は像光伝送管44を囲んでいる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the light guide member 33 is accommodated in the conical recess 52a with the central axis aligned with the axis L. Accordingly, the light guide member 33 is interposed between the light source 31 and the insertion portion 20. The outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is reduced in diameter toward the insertion portion 20 (and thus the illumination light transmission path 34d), and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the conical recess 52a. The end portion on the large diameter side of the light guide member 33 is directed to the light source 31, and the end portion on the small diameter side of the light guide member 33 is directed to the insertion portion 20. An annular end surface on the small diameter side of the light guide member 33 closes the base end portion of the illumination light transmission path 34d. A portion of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a (that is, a portion of the image light transmission tube 44) is inserted through the center hole portion 33c. The inner peripheral surface of the center hole portion 33c is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a. Therefore, the light guide member 33 surrounds the image light transmission tube 44.
 導光部材33の外周面は、鏡面膜(図示省略)が蒸着やスパッタリングによって被膜されることによって鏡面化処理されている。これによって、導光部材33の外周面が、外側反射面33aを構成している。また、内管22及び管部23aの外周面は、磨かれたり、鏡面膜(図示省略)が蒸着やスパッタリングによって被膜されたりすることによって鏡面化処理されている。導光部材33の中心孔部33cの内周面が、上記内管22及び管部23aの鏡面化された外周面と接することで、導光部材33の内側の反射面33bを構成している。これら反射面33a,33bどうしの間が、ガラスからなる照明光伝送媒体となっている。上記鏡面膜の材質としては、アルミニウムが挙げられるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、銀等の他の光沢を有する金属を用いてもよい。 The outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is mirror-finished by coating a mirror film (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 constitutes the outer reflective surface 33a. Further, the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a are polished or mirror-finished by coating a mirror film (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering. The inner peripheral surface of the central hole portion 33c of the light guide member 33 is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the tube portion 23a that are mirrored, thereby forming a reflection surface 33b on the inner side of the light guide member 33. . An illumination light transmission medium made of glass is formed between the reflecting surfaces 33a and 33b. Examples of the material for the mirror film include aluminum, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other glossy metals such as silver may be used.
 上記のように構成された硬性内視鏡2の作用を説明する。
 内視鏡2によって、人体の眼窩等の観察対象を観察する際は、挿入部20を上記観察対象に挿入するとともに、光源31から照明光を出射する。光源31を手元部10内に配置することで、照明光の伝送距離を短くでき、伝送効率を高めることができる。照明光は、導光部材33の内部に斜めに入り、反射面33a,33bによって反射されながら、導光部材33の先端側に向かうにしたがって集光(収束)される。反射面33a,33bを鏡面にすることによって照明光を確実に反射させることができ、照明光のロスを抑制できる。また、照明光が反射面33a,33bで反射する度に、照明光の進行方向と軸線Lとのなす角度が大きくなる。この照明光が、導光部材33の先端から照明光伝送路34d内に導入される。そして、反射面34a,34bによって反射されながら、照明光伝送路34dの先端側へ伝播される。反射面34a,34bを鏡面にすることによって照明光を確実に反射させることができる。照明光の反射面34a,34bへの入射角が小さくても、確実に反射させることができ、透過を阻止できる。したがって、照明光のロスを低減できる。この照明光が、出射レンズ35から拡散するように照射され、観察対象を照らす。照明光の伝送効率を高めることで、観察対象を確実に照らすことができる。
 導光部材33のテーパ状の外周面の角度や光源31の光軸L31の角度を適宜設定することによって、出射角度ひいては照明範囲を調節できる。すなわち、導光部材33によって出射角度を大きくでき、照明範囲を広くすることができる。
The operation of the rigid endoscope 2 configured as described above will be described.
When observing an observation target such as an orbit of a human body with the endoscope 2, the insertion unit 20 is inserted into the observation target and illumination light is emitted from the light source 31. By arranging the light source 31 in the hand portion 10, the transmission distance of the illumination light can be shortened and the transmission efficiency can be increased. The illumination light obliquely enters the light guide member 33 and is condensed (converged) toward the front end side of the light guide member 33 while being reflected by the reflection surfaces 33a and 33b. Illumination light can be reliably reflected by making the reflection surfaces 33a and 33b mirror surfaces, and loss of illumination light can be suppressed. Further, every time the illumination light is reflected by the reflecting surfaces 33a and 33b, the angle formed by the traveling direction of the illumination light and the axis L is increased. This illumination light is introduced into the illumination light transmission path 34 d from the tip of the light guide member 33. And it is propagated to the front end side of the illumination light transmission path 34d while being reflected by the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b. Illumination light can be reliably reflected by making the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b mirror surfaces. Even if the incident angle of the illumination light to the reflecting surfaces 34a and 34b is small, it can be reliably reflected and transmitted. Therefore, the loss of illumination light can be reduced. This illumination light is irradiated so as to diffuse from the exit lens 35 and illuminates the observation target. By increasing the transmission efficiency of the illumination light, the observation object can be illuminated reliably.
The angle of the optical axis L 31 of the angle and the light source 31 of the tapered outer peripheral surface of the light guide member 33 is appropriately set, can be adjusted emitting angle thus illumination range. That is, the emission angle can be increased by the light guide member 33, and the illumination range can be widened.
 照明された観察対象の像光が、対物レンズ43に入射し、像光伝送路44dの基端側へ伝播される。像光伝送管44の内面を黒色の低反射面44bにすることによって、像光の散乱を抑制できる。像光は、対物レンズ43から真っ直ぐ結像レンズ45に入射し、結像レンズ45によって撮像素子42上に結像される。撮像素子42は、この像光を電気信号に変換する。この信号が、CCU3に送られ、モニター4に観察画像として表示される。上記像光伝送管44内における像光の散乱を抑制することによって、観察画像の鮮明度(コントラスト)を確保することができる。さらには、内管22によって照明光が像光伝送路44dに侵入するのを確実に阻止できるから、観察画像が不鮮明になるのを一層確実に防止できる。 The illuminated image light of the observation object enters the objective lens 43 and propagates to the proximal end side of the image light transmission path 44d. By making the inner surface of the image light transmission tube 44 a black low reflection surface 44b, scattering of image light can be suppressed. The image light enters the imaging lens 45 straight from the objective lens 43 and is imaged on the image sensor 42 by the imaging lens 45. The image sensor 42 converts this image light into an electrical signal. This signal is sent to the CCU 3 and displayed on the monitor 4 as an observation image. By suppressing the scattering of the image light in the image light transmission tube 44, the sharpness (contrast) of the observed image can be ensured. Furthermore, since the illumination light can be reliably prevented from entering the image light transmission path 44d by the inner tube 22, it is possible to more reliably prevent the observation image from becoming unclear.
 硬性内視鏡2によれば、像光学系41の光学レンズが、対物レンズ43と結像レンズ45の2つだけであるため、トータルの収差を十分に抑制することができ、収差を補正したり低減したりする手間を省略又は簡略化できる。また、挿入部20内における照明光伝送路34dの照明光伝送媒体及び像光伝送路44dの像光伝送媒体が空気(気体)にて構成されているため、挿入部20の内部構造を簡素にできる。したがって、硬性内視鏡2を低廉化できる。
 しかも、挿入部20内の光学素子の破損を懸念することなく、挿入部20を極細にできる。すなわち、挿入部20が例えば直径2mm~3mm以下、好ましくは1mm以下の極細であったとしても、挿入部20が何らかの曲げ荷重によって曲げられたとき、内部の照明光伝送媒体及び像光伝送媒体が破損することはない。また、対物レンズ43は、挿入部20の先端部に設けられているから、挿入部20の中間部が湾曲されても破損する虞は殆ど無い。
 さらに、外管21及び内管22の弾性変形領域内の曲げであれば、曲げ荷重が解除されたとき、管21,22の弾性復原力によって、挿入部20が元の真っ直ぐな状態に自然と復帰する。したがって、照明光を観察対象に確実に照射でき、かつ観察対象の像を確実に採取して観察することができる。
According to the rigid endoscope 2, since there are only two optical lenses of the image optical system 41, the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45, the total aberration can be sufficiently suppressed, and the aberration is corrected. This can save or simplify the trouble of reducing or reducing. Further, since the illumination light transmission medium of the illumination light transmission path 34d and the image light transmission medium of the image light transmission path 44d in the insertion section 20 are composed of air (gas), the internal structure of the insertion section 20 is simplified. it can. Therefore, the price of the rigid endoscope 2 can be reduced.
In addition, the insertion portion 20 can be made extremely fine without worrying about damage to the optical element in the insertion portion 20. That is, even if the insertion portion 20 is extremely thin, for example, having a diameter of 2 mm to 3 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, when the insertion portion 20 is bent by some bending load, the internal illumination light transmission medium and image light transmission medium are There is no damage. Further, since the objective lens 43 is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion 20, there is almost no possibility that the objective lens 43 is damaged even if the intermediate portion of the insertion portion 20 is curved.
Furthermore, if the bending is within the elastic deformation region of the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22, when the bending load is released, the insertion portion 20 naturally returns to the original straight state by the elastic restoring force of the tubes 21 and 22. Return. Therefore, it is possible to reliably irradiate the observation target with the illumination light, and to reliably collect and observe the image of the observation target.
 硬性内視鏡2においては、使用のたびに、手元部10から使用済の挿入部20及び接続部材50を切り離して、新しい挿入部20及び接続部材50に付け替えることができる。
 切り離しの際は、接続部材50を弾性変形させながら、係止凸部51eを係止凹部11eから外し、かつピニオン61とラック62の噛み合いを解除したうえで、接続部材50の被覆筒部51を外筐11から引き抜く。これによって、接続部材50と手元部10とを簡単に分離でき、ひいては挿入部20と手元部10とを分離できる。接続部材50の弾性変形によってピニオン61とラック62の噛み合いを解除できるから、噛み合い解除機構を別途設ける必要はない。
 接続部材50を外筐11から引き抜くのに伴って、連結管23が軸管14から引き抜かれる。したがって、観察手段40が連結管23と軸管14との間において分離される。また、照明手段30については光源31と導光部材33との間において簡単に分離できる。
In the rigid endoscope 2, the used insertion portion 20 and the connection member 50 can be separated from the hand portion 10 and replaced with a new insertion portion 20 and connection member 50 each time it is used.
At the time of detachment, while the connecting member 50 is elastically deformed, the locking convex portion 51e is removed from the locking concave portion 11e, and the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 is released, and then the covering cylinder portion 51 of the connecting member 50 is removed. Pull out from the outer casing 11. Thereby, the connection member 50 and the hand portion 10 can be easily separated, and consequently, the insertion portion 20 and the hand portion 10 can be separated. Since the engagement between the pinion 61 and the rack 62 can be released by elastic deformation of the connecting member 50, it is not necessary to provide a separate engagement release mechanism.
As the connecting member 50 is pulled out from the outer casing 11, the connecting tube 23 is pulled out from the shaft tube 14. Therefore, the observation means 40 is separated between the connecting tube 23 and the shaft tube 14. Further, the illumination means 30 can be easily separated between the light source 31 and the light guide member 33.
 手元部10に新たな挿入部20を装着するときは、この新たな挿入部20の連結管23を軸管14に嵌め込むとともに、挿入部20と一体の接続部材50の被覆筒部51を外筐11の外周に嵌め込む。このとき、案内溝51fに案内凸条11fを挿入することで、接続部材50ひいては挿入部20と手元部10とを周方向に位置決めできる。また、接続部材50を弾性変形させながら、ピニオン61とラック62とを噛み合わせる。さらに、係止凸部51eを係止凹部11eに嵌めることで、接続部材50ひいては挿入部20と手元部10とを軸方向に位置決めできる。 When attaching the new insertion portion 20 to the hand portion 10, the connecting tube 23 of the new insertion portion 20 is fitted into the shaft tube 14, and the covering cylinder portion 51 of the connecting member 50 integrated with the insertion portion 20 is removed. Fit into the outer periphery of the housing 11. At this time, by inserting the guide protrusion 11f into the guide groove 51f, the connection member 50, and thus the insertion portion 20 and the proximal portion 10 can be positioned in the circumferential direction. Further, the pinion 61 and the rack 62 are engaged with each other while the connecting member 50 is elastically deformed. Furthermore, by fitting the locking projection 51e into the locking recess 11e, the connecting member 50 and thus the insertion portion 20 and the hand portion 10 can be positioned in the axial direction.
 続いて、位置調節手段60のピニオン61を回すことによって、挿入部20と軸管14との軸方向の位置を微調節する。これによって、対物レンズ43と結像レンズ45との間のレンズ間距離を焦点距離に合わせて微調節できる。また、位置調節手段60によって観察画像の倍率を調節することも可能である。 Subsequently, the position of the insertion portion 20 and the axial tube 14 is finely adjusted by turning the pinion 61 of the position adjusting means 60. Thereby, the inter-lens distance between the objective lens 43 and the imaging lens 45 can be finely adjusted according to the focal length. It is also possible to adjust the magnification of the observation image by the position adjusting means 60.
 内視鏡2によれば、接続部材50が外筐11に弾性的に密着することで、接続部材50自体がシール部材の機能を果たす。したがって、シール構造を複雑化させることなく、手元部10と挿入部20とを着脱自在にできる。よって、Oリング等のシール部材が不要であり、部品点数を減らすことができるだけでなく、シール部材の収容部を形成する必要がなく、構成を簡素にできる。さらには、位置調節手段60の構造も簡易である。したがって、挿入部20を使い捨てにしても費用が嵩むのを確実に回避でき、挿入部20の使い捨て仕様に適した内視鏡2を提供できる。
 また、使用の度に新たな挿入部20に交換することで、使用済の挿入部20を洗浄する手間を省くことができる。
According to the endoscope 2, the connection member 50 itself elastically adheres to the outer casing 11, so that the connection member 50 itself functions as a seal member. Therefore, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 can be detachably attached without complicating the seal structure. Therefore, a sealing member such as an O-ring is not necessary, and not only the number of parts can be reduced, but also a housing for the sealing member need not be formed, and the configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, the structure of the position adjusting means 60 is also simple. Therefore, even if the insertion portion 20 is disposable, it is possible to reliably avoid an increase in cost, and the endoscope 2 suitable for the disposable specification of the insertion portion 20 can be provided.
Moreover, the trouble which wash | cleans the used insertion part 20 can be saved by replacing | exchanging to the new insertion part 20 at every use.
 次に、本発明の他の実施形態を説明する。以下の実施形態において、既述の形態と重複する構成に関しては図面に同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
 図6(a)及び同図(b)は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る内視鏡2Aを示したものである。内視鏡2Aには、手元部10と挿入部20との間に、弾性ゴムからなる筒状の接続部材55が設けられている。接続部材55は、手元部10の先端部と挿入部20の基端部との間に跨るようにして、これら手元部10及び挿入部20に被さっている。この接続部材55のテーパ筒状の先端側部56が、挿入部20(一方の部材)の周面に弾性的に密着されるとともに、接続部材55の円筒状の基端側部57が、手元部10(他方の部材)と一体に接合されている。これによって、手元部10と挿入部20とが、接続部材55によって分離可能に接続されている。また、調節手段60のピニオン61が接続部材55に設けられ、ラック62が挿入部20の基端部に設けられている。
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following embodiments, the same reference numerals are given to the drawings for the same configurations as those already described, and the description thereof is omitted.
FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B show an endoscope 2A according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the endoscope 2A, a cylindrical connection member 55 made of elastic rubber is provided between the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20. The connecting member 55 covers the proximal portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 so as to straddle between the distal end portion of the proximal portion 10 and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20. The tapered cylindrical tip side portion 56 of the connecting member 55 is elastically adhered to the peripheral surface of the insertion portion 20 (one member), and the cylindrical proximal end side portion 57 of the connecting member 55 is at hand. It is joined integrally with the part 10 (the other member). As a result, the hand portion 10 and the insertion portion 20 are detachably connected by the connection member 55. Further, the pinion 61 of the adjusting means 60 is provided on the connection member 55, and the rack 62 is provided on the proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20.
 本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々の改変をなすことができる。
 例えば、照明光伝送路34dにおける照明光伝送媒体を透明な光学樹脂にて構成してもよく、水等の液体にて構成してもよく、或いは、光ファイバーにて構成してもよい。
 像光伝送路44dにおける像光伝送媒体を透明な光学樹脂にて構成してもよく、水等の液体にて構成してもよく、或いは、光ファイバーやリレーレンズにて構成してもよい。
 照明光伝送路34dにおける照明光伝送媒体を円筒状の透明な光学樹脂にて構成し、かつ像光伝送路44dにおける像光伝送媒体を円柱状の透明な光学樹脂にて構成し、上記円筒状の透明な光学樹脂の中心穴に上記円柱状の透明な光学樹脂を挿入してもよい。この場合、内管22を省略してもよい。内管22を省略するときは、上記円筒状の透明な光学樹脂の中心穴の内周面に鏡面膜を被膜し、上記円柱状の透明な光学樹脂の外周面に暗色膜を被膜することが好ましい。
 円錐凹部52aの内周面に鏡面膜を設けることで、外側の反射面33aを構成してもよい。また、導光部材33の中心孔部33cの内周面に鏡面膜を設けることで、内側の反射面33bを構成してもよい。
 導光部材33を省略して、円錐凹部52a内を空洞とし、該円錐凹部52a内の空気(気体)を照明光伝送媒体としてもよい。この場合、円錐凹部52aの内周面に鏡面膜等の反射膜を被膜することが好ましい。
 本発明は、硬性内視鏡に限られず、軟性内視鏡にも適用可能である。
 外管21又は内管22が樹脂にて構成されていてもよい。
 光源31の光軸L31が、軸線Lと平行であってもよい。
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the illumination light transmission medium in the illumination light transmission path 34d may be made of a transparent optical resin, may be made of a liquid such as water, or may be made of an optical fiber.
The image light transmission medium in the image light transmission path 44d may be made of a transparent optical resin, may be made of a liquid such as water, or may be made of an optical fiber or a relay lens.
The illumination light transmission medium in the illumination light transmission path 34d is composed of a cylindrical transparent optical resin, and the image light transmission medium in the image light transmission path 44d is composed of a columnar transparent optical resin, and the above cylindrical shape The cylindrical transparent optical resin may be inserted into the center hole of the transparent optical resin. In this case, the inner tube 22 may be omitted. When the inner tube 22 is omitted, a mirror film is coated on the inner peripheral surface of the center hole of the cylindrical transparent optical resin, and a dark color film is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical transparent optical resin. preferable.
The outer reflective surface 33a may be configured by providing a mirror film on the inner peripheral surface of the conical recess 52a. Further, the inner reflection surface 33b may be configured by providing a mirror film on the inner peripheral surface of the center hole portion 33c of the light guide member 33.
The light guide member 33 may be omitted, the inside of the conical recess 52a may be a cavity, and the air (gas) in the conical recess 52a may be used as the illumination light transmission medium. In this case, it is preferable to coat a reflection film such as a mirror film on the inner peripheral surface of the conical recess 52a.
The present invention is not limited to a rigid endoscope but can be applied to a flexible endoscope.
The outer tube 21 or the inner tube 22 may be made of resin.
Optical axis L 31 of the light source 31 may be parallel with the axis L.
 本発明は、例えば内視鏡に適用可能である。 The present invention can be applied to, for example, an endoscope.
L    軸線
2    硬性内視鏡(内視鏡)
10   手元部
11   外筐
14   軸管(保持部)
20   挿入部
21   外管
22   内管
31   光源
33   導光部材(導光部)
43   対物レンズ(対物素子)
45   結像レンズ(結像素子)
50   接続部材
52a  円錐凹部
60   位置調節手段
61   ピニオン
62   ラック
 
L axis 2 rigid endoscope (endoscope)
10 Hand part 11 Outer casing 14 Shaft tube (holding part)
20 Insertion portion 21 Outer tube 22 Inner tube 31 Light source 33 Light guide member (light guide portion)
43 Objective lens (objective element)
45 Imaging lens (imaging element)
50 connecting member 52a conical recess 60 position adjusting means 61 pinion 62 rack

Claims (6)

  1.  手元部と、前記手元部から軸線に沿って延びる挿入部とを備えた内視鏡であって、
     前記手元部と前記挿入部が互いに別部材にて構成されて分離可能であり、
     さらに、弾性を有する筒状の接続部材を備え、前記接続部材が、前記手元部の先端部と前記挿入部の基端部とに跨るように被さるとともに、手元部及び挿入部のうち一方の部材の周面に弾性的に密着し、かつ前記手元部及び挿入部のうち他方の部材と一体に接合されることによって、前記手元部と前記挿入部とが前記接続部材によって分離可能に接続されることを特徴とする内視鏡。
    An endoscope comprising a hand portion and an insertion portion extending from the hand portion along an axis,
    The hand part and the insertion part are constituted by separate members and are separable,
    Furthermore, it has a cylindrical connection member having elasticity, and the connection member covers the distal end portion of the proximal portion and the proximal end portion of the insertion portion, and one member of the proximal portion and the insertion portion By elastically adhering to the peripheral surface and integrally joining with the other member of the hand portion and the insertion portion, the hand portion and the insertion portion are detachably connected by the connecting member. An endoscope characterized by that.
  2.  前記挿入部の先端部に対物素子が設けられ、前記手元部に結像素子が設けられており、
     さらに、手元部及び挿入部のうち前記一方の部材と前記接続部材との前記軸線に沿う相対位置を可変調節する調節手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡。
    An objective element is provided at the distal end of the insertion part, and an imaging element is provided at the proximal part,
    The endoscope according to claim 1, further comprising an adjusting unit that variably adjusts a relative position of the one member and the connecting member along the axis line of the hand portion and the insertion portion.
  3.  前記調節手段が、前記接続部材に設けられたピニオンと、手元部及び挿入部のうち前記一方の部材に設けられるとともに前記ピニオンと噛み合うラックとを含み、前記接続部材の弾性変形によって前記噛み合いが解除可能であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の内視鏡。 The adjusting means includes a pinion provided on the connection member and a rack provided on the one member of the hand portion and the insertion portion and meshing with the pinion, and the meshing is released by elastic deformation of the connection member. The endoscope according to claim 2, wherein the endoscope is possible.
  4.  前記手元部が、外筐と、前記外筐の内部に前記軸線に沿って移動可能に収容された保持部とを有し、前記保持部に前記結像素子が保持されており、
     前記挿入部と前記外筐とが前記接続部材を介して位置固定される一方、前記挿入部と前記保持部とが前記調節手段によって前記軸線に沿って相対位置調節されることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の内視鏡。
    The hand portion has an outer casing and a holding portion accommodated in the outer casing so as to be movable along the axis, and the imaging element is held in the holding portion,
    The position of the insertion portion and the outer casing is fixed via the connection member, and the relative position of the insertion portion and the holding portion is adjusted along the axis by the adjusting means. Item 5. The endoscope according to Item 2 or 3.
  5.  前記挿入部には、軸線に沿って延びる外管と、前記外管に収容された内管とが設けられ、前記外管と前記内管との間には、光源からの照明光を伝送する気体、液体、透光性の樹脂の何れかからなる照明光伝送媒体が収容され、前記内管の内部には、観察対象の像光を伝送する気体、液体、透光性の樹脂の何れかからなる像光伝送媒体が収容され、前記内管の先端に前記対物素子が設けられ、前記内管の基端が前記保持部と軸線に沿って相対位置調節可能かつ分離可能に連結されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の内視鏡。 The insertion portion is provided with an outer tube extending along an axis and an inner tube accommodated in the outer tube, and illumination light from a light source is transmitted between the outer tube and the inner tube. An illumination light transmission medium made of any one of gas, liquid, and translucent resin is accommodated. Inside the inner tube, any of gas, liquid, or translucent resin that transmits image light to be observed is contained. An image light transmission medium is housed, the objective element is provided at the distal end of the inner tube, and the proximal end of the inner tube is connected to the holding portion so that the relative position can be adjusted and separated along the axis. The endoscope according to claim 4.
  6.  前記光源が前記手元部に設けられており、前記接続部材の内部には、前記挿入部に向かって縮径する円錐形状の円錐凹部が形成され、前記内管が前記円錐凹部を貫通し、前記円錐凹部の内周面と前記内管の外周面との間に、前記照明光を前記外管と内管との間に導くガラス、透光性の樹脂、又は気体からなる円錐環状の導光部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の内視鏡。
     
    The light source is provided at the proximal portion, and a conical recess having a conical shape whose diameter is reduced toward the insertion portion is formed inside the connection member, and the inner tube passes through the conical recess, A conical annular light guide made of glass, translucent resin, or gas that guides the illumination light between the outer tube and the inner tube between the inner surface of the conical recess and the outer surface of the inner tube The endoscope according to claim 5, wherein a portion is provided.
PCT/JP2014/076022 2013-10-02 2014-09-30 Endoscope WO2015050102A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08502905A (en) * 1992-09-01 1996-04-02 エドウィン エル アデアー, Sterilizable endoscope with detachable disposable tube assembly
JPH075376A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-10 Moritetsukusu:Kk Hard image scope
JPH07248454A (en) * 1994-03-11 1995-09-26 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Hard endoscope
JPH10178A (en) * 1996-06-14 1998-01-06 Machida Endscope Co Ltd Adapter for illumination light transmission system of endoscope device
WO1998035607A1 (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Endoscope, method of manufacturing the same, and inserting member

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