WO2015045226A1 - 電源切替装置及び蓄電池システム - Google Patents
電源切替装置及び蓄電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015045226A1 WO2015045226A1 PCT/JP2014/003344 JP2014003344W WO2015045226A1 WO 2015045226 A1 WO2015045226 A1 WO 2015045226A1 JP 2014003344 W JP2014003344 W JP 2014003344W WO 2015045226 A1 WO2015045226 A1 WO 2015045226A1
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- relay
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- power supply
- switching
- power source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1216—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for AC-AC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
- H01H2047/003—Detecting welded contacts and applying weld break pulses to coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply switching device and a storage battery system.
- a storage battery system equipped with a power switching device that selects one of output power from a commercial AC power source and output power from an auxiliary AC power source configured by a storage battery and an inverter and supplies the selected power to a load is known.
- a power switching device that selects one of output power from a commercial AC power source and output power from an auxiliary AC power source configured by a storage battery and an inverter and supplies the selected power to a load.
- the above-mentioned conventional method may be able to switch the AC power supply while suppressing damage to the equipment due to arc discharge, the relay cannot be cut off until the current flowing on the feeder line becomes zero. For this reason, the AC power source cannot be switched until the current flowing on the feeder line becomes zero, and as a result, the time required for switching the AC power source may not be shortened. In addition, it is necessary to detect zero current, and the AC power supply switching process becomes complicated.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply switching device and a storage battery system capable of shortening the time required for switching an AC power supply while suppressing breakage of equipment due to arc discharge.
- the power supply switching device switches the output of the first AC power source output via the first relay and the output of the second AC power source output via the second relay and supplies the load to the load.
- 3 relay a welding detection unit for detecting welding of the first relay, and when switching from the output of the first AC power supply to the output of the second AC power supply and supplying the load to the load, the first relay is brought into a closed state.
- the second relay A power control unit that prohibits switching the relay from the open state to the closed state.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a power supply switching device and a storage battery system that can shorten the time required for switching an AC power supply while suppressing breakage of equipment due to arc discharge.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a storage battery system 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the storage battery system 30 is connected to the commercial AC power supply 10 and supplies AC power to the load 20.
- the storage battery system 30 includes a battery module 100, a converter 110, an inverter 120, a power supply switching unit 130, and a control unit 160.
- the storage battery system 30 also includes a power switching device 40 having a power switching unit 130 and a power switching control unit 162 described later.
- the battery module 100 includes one or more storage batteries (also referred to as secondary batteries).
- the storage battery included in the battery module 100 is, for example, a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery.
- the battery module 100 is configured by a plurality of storage batteries connected in series, but the number of storage batteries constituting the battery module 100 may be one. Some or all of the storage batteries included in the battery module 100 may be connected in parallel to each other.
- discharging and charging mean discharging and charging of the battery module 100 unless otherwise specified.
- the converter 110 converts AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 10 into DC power in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 160, supplies the DC power to the battery module 100, and charges the battery module 100. Further, when charging, converter 110 manages the charging voltage and charging current in accordance with instructions from control unit 160.
- the inverter 120 discharges the battery module 100 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 160, converts the DC power supplied from the battery module 100 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the power supply switching unit 130. Further, when discharging, the inverter 120 manages the discharge voltage and the discharge current in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 160.
- the power supply switching unit 130 is supplied with AC power from the commercial AC power supply 10 via the line 140 and the line 142. Further, the power supply switching unit 130 receives supply of AC power from the inverter 120 via the line 144 and the line 146. Further, the power supply switching unit 130 selects either one of the AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 10 and the AC power supplied from the inverter 120 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 160, the line 148, the line The load 20 is supplied via 150.
- the control unit 160 manages the entire storage battery system 30. First, the control unit 160 manages the state of the battery module 100 such as SOC (State Of Charge) and temperature. Control unit 160 causes converter 110 to execute charge control or causes inverter 120 to execute discharge control due to a user operation. Further, the control unit 160 includes a power supply switching control unit 162. The power supply switching control unit 162 controls the power supply switching unit 130 to execute switching control between the AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 10 and the AC power supplied from the inverter 120. For example, when the commercial AC power supply 10 is abnormal such as a power failure, the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs the power supply switching unit 130 to switch the AC power supplied to the load 20 to the AC power supplied from the inverter 120. In addition, when the commercial AC power supply 10 is restored, the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs the power supply switching unit 130 to switch the AC power supplied to the load 20 to the AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 10.
- SOC State Of Charge
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power supply switching unit 130 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the power supply switching unit 130 mainly includes a relay 200, a relay 210, a relay 220, and a welding detection unit 230.
- the relay 200 is provided between the commercial AC power supply 10 and the relay 220, and is controlled to be in a closed state or an open state according to an instruction from the power supply switching control unit 162.
- the relay 200 includes a relay 200a and a relay 200b.
- the relay 200a is provided on the line 140
- the relay 200b is provided on the line 142. Since the relay 200a and the relay 200b are controlled in conjunction with each other, unless otherwise specified, the relay 200 being in the closed state means that the relay 200a and the relay 200b are in the closed state. Similarly, the relay 200 being in the open state means that the relay 200a and the relay 200b are in the open state.
- the relay 210 is provided between the inverter 120 and the relay 220 and is controlled to be in a closed state or an open state according to an instruction from the power supply switching control unit 162.
- the relay 210 includes a relay 210a and a relay 210b.
- the relay 210 a is provided on the line 144, and the relay 210 b is provided on the line 146. Since the relays 210a and 210b are controlled in conjunction with each other, unless otherwise specified, the relay 210 being closed means that the relays 210a and 210b are closed. Similarly, the relay 210 being in the open state means that the relay 210a and the relay 210b are in the open state.
- the relay 220 receives a first contact on the side that selects the output of the relay 200 (upper contact in FIG. 2) and a second contact on the side that selects the output of the relay 210 (FIG. 2).
- the lower contact point) is controlled to be connected to either one of them. That is, the relay 220 selects one of the output of the commercial AC power supply 10 output via the first relay 200 and the output of the inverter 120 output via the second relay 210 to the load 20. Supply.
- the relay 220 includes a relay 220a and a relay 220b.
- the first contact side of the relay 220a is connected to one end of the relay 200a
- the second contact side is connected to one end of the relay 210a.
- the first contact side of the relay 220b is connected to one end of the relay 200b, and the second contact side is connected to one end of the relay 210b. Since the relay 220a and the relay 220b are controlled in conjunction with each other, unless otherwise specified, the state where the relay 220 is connected to the first contact side is the state where the relay 220a and the relay 220b are connected to the first contact side. It means that there is. Similarly, the state where the relay 220 is connected to the second contact side means the state where the relay 220a and the relay 220b are connected to the second contact side.
- the welding detection unit 230 detects the welding of the relay 200 or the relay 210.
- the welding detection unit 230 includes a first welding detection unit 230a and a second welding detection unit 230b.
- the first welding detection unit 230 a is provided between the line 140 and the line 142 and detects welding of the relay 200.
- the second welding detection unit 230b is provided between the line 144 and the line 146, and detects welding of the relay 210.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the first welding detection unit 230a according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the 2nd welding detection part 230b can also be made to be the same as that of the structural example shown in FIG.
- the first welding detection unit 230a mainly includes a full-wave rectification circuit 300, a voltage dividing circuit 310, and a welding detection circuit 320.
- the full-wave rectifier circuit 300 is provided between the line 140 and the line 142, and includes a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, and a diode D4.
- the cathode terminal of the diode D1 is connected to the cathode terminal of the diode D2 (hereinafter, the contact between the cathode terminal of the diode D1 and the cathode terminal of the diode D2 is also referred to as a contact X).
- the anode terminal of the diode D1 is connected to the cathode terminal of the diode D3 and the line 140.
- the anode terminal of the diode D3 is connected to the anode terminal of the diode D4 (hereinafter, the contact between the anode terminal of the diode D3 and the anode terminal of the diode D4 is also referred to as a contact Y).
- the cathode terminal of the diode D4 is connected to the anode terminal of the diode D2 and the line 142.
- the diodes D1 to D4 are switched between conductive and non-conductive states in accordance with the positive / negative of the alternating current input via the line 140 and the line 142.
- full-wave rectification circuit 300 realizes full-wave rectification by switching the conduction / non-conduction states of diodes D1 to D4.
- the voltage dividing circuit 310 includes a resistance element R1, a resistance element R2, and a resistance element R3. One end of the resistance element R1 is connected to the contact X, and the other end of the resistance element R1 is connected to one end of the resistance element R2. The other end of the resistance element R2 is connected to one end of the resistance element R3. The other end of the resistance element R3 is connected to the contact Y. That is, the resistance elements R1 to R3 are connected in series between the contact X and the contact Y in this order.
- the voltage dividing circuit 310 divides the output voltage of the full-wave rectifier circuit 300 by a voltage dividing ratio (R3 / (R1 + R2 + R3)) and outputs the obtained divided voltage (Vd) to the welding detection circuit.
- One end of the capacitive element C1 is connected to the cathode terminal of the diode D5 (hereinafter, the contact between the one end of the capacitive element C1 and the diode D5 is also referred to as a contact Z), and the other end of the capacitive element C1 is connected to the contact Y.
- the anode terminal of the diode D5 is connected to the contact X.
- the capacitive element C1 receives the output current output from the full-wave rectifier circuit 300 via the diode D5, smoothes it, and supplies it to the welding detection circuit 320.
- the diode D5 prevents the current supplied from the capacitive element C1 from flowing backward to the full-wave rectifier circuit 300 side.
- the welding detection circuit 320 mainly includes a resistance element R4, a photocoupler PC, and a switching element Q1.
- the photocoupler PC has a light emitting element D6 and a light receiving element Q2.
- an n-type MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- GaN transistor GaN transistor
- SiC transistor SiC transistor
- One end of the resistance element R4 is connected to the contact Z, and the other end of the resistance element R4 is connected to the anode terminal of the light emitting element D6 of the photocoupler.
- the resistor element R4 prevents an overcurrent from flowing through the photocoupler PC.
- the cathode terminal of the light emitting element D6 of the photocoupler PC is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element Q1.
- the emitter terminal of the light receiving element Q2 of the photocoupler PC is connected to the ground to which the power supply switching control unit 162 is grounded.
- the collector terminal of the light receiving element Q ⁇ b> 2 is connected to the drive power supply of the power supply switching control unit 162 and the power supply switching control unit 162 via a resistance element (not shown).
- the photocoupler PC outputs an H level signal to the power supply switching control unit 162.
- the fact that the photocoupler PC outputs an L level signal when the relay 200 is controlled to be in an open state means that the output from the commercial AC power supply 10 cannot be interrupted by the relay 200, that is, the relay 200 is welded.
- the power supply switching control part 162 can detect welding of the relay 200 according to the light emission state of the light emitting element D6. Specifically, the output signal of the photocoupler PC after a predetermined time has elapsed after controlling the relay 200 to the open state, and the power supply switching control unit 162 detects welding of the relay 200.
- the source terminal of the switching element Q1 is connected to the contact Y.
- the gate terminal of the switching element Q1 is connected to the contact point between the resistance element R2 and the resistance element R3 of the voltage dividing circuit 310.
- the cathode terminal of the Zener diode D7 and one end of the capacitive element C2 are connected to the gate terminal of the switching element, and the anode terminal of the Zener diode D7 and the other end of the capacitive element C2 are connected to the contact Y. That is, the Zener diode D7 and the capacitive element C2 are connected in parallel between the gate terminal of the switching element Q1 and the contact Y.
- the divided voltage output from the voltage dividing circuit 310 is stabilized by the Zener diode D7 and applied to the gate terminal of the switching element Q1.
- the switching element Q1 becomes conductive when a voltage equal to or higher than the first threshold voltage (Vth) is applied to the gate terminal, and a predetermined current flows from the source terminal to the drain terminal.
- Vth first threshold voltage
- the voltage dividing circuit 310 outputs a divided voltage Vd as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a period T0 in which the divided voltage Vd is lower than the first threshold voltage Vth.
- the switching element Q1 does not conduct and the light emitting element D6 cannot emit light. Since the power supply switching control unit 162 detects the welding of the relay 200 according to the light emitting state of the light emitting element D6, the welding of the relay 200 cannot be detected in the period T0.
- the capacitive element C2 is connected in parallel between the gate terminal of the switching element Q1 and the contact Y, and the electric charge stored in the capacitive element C2 is discharged through the resistive element R3 in the period T0. To do.
- the divided voltage can be prevented from becoming smaller than the first threshold voltage Vth, and the attachment of the relay 200 can be reliably detected even during the period T0.
- the divided voltage Vd is limited to the Zener voltage (Vz) by the Zener diode D7, the following (1) needs to be satisfied in order to detect the welding of the relay 200 even in the period T0.
- Equation (1) represents an exponential function.
- the peak voltage of the pulsating voltage output from the full-wave rectifier circuit 300 is Vp, and is equal to the first threshold voltage Vth when the pulsating voltage divided by the voltage dividing circuit 310 is applied to the switching element Q1.
- V0 the pulsating voltage
- the period T0 can be expressed by the following equation (2).
- arcsin in equation (2) represents an arc sine function. Further, the following equation (3) is established between the first threshold voltage Vth, the second threshold voltage V0, and the voltage division ratio.
- the capacitance of the capacitive element C2 can be obtained using the above equations (1) to (3).
- Vp 141 V
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 50 Hz
- Vth 4 V
- Vz 10 V
- C2 0.022 uF can be obtained as the capacitance of the capacitive element C2.
- the switching source AC power source is also referred to as a first AC power source
- the switching destination AC power source is also referred to as a second AC power source.
- the AC power supplied from the first AC power supply is also referred to as the output of the first AC power supply
- the AC power supplied from the second AC power supply is also referred to as the output of the second AC power supply.
- a pair of wirings that supply the output of the first AC power source to the power source switching unit 130 is also referred to as a first line and a second line
- a pair of wirings that supply the output of the second AC power source to the power source switching unit 130 is a third line. Also called the fourth track.
- a relay provided on the first line and the second line is also referred to as a first relay
- a relay provided on the third line and the fourth line is also referred to as a second relay
- a relay that switches the output of the first AC power source output via the first relay and the output of the second AC power source output via the second relay and supplies the output to the load 20 is also referred to as a third relay.
- first or second welding detection unit provided between the first line and the second line is also simply referred to as a welding detection unit.
- the first AC power source is the commercial AC power source 10
- the second AC power source is the inverter 120
- the first line is the line 140
- the second line is the line 142
- the third The line corresponds to the line 144
- the fourth line corresponds to the line 146
- the first relay corresponds to the relay 200
- the second relay corresponds to the relay 210
- the welding detection unit corresponds to the first welding detection unit.
- the first AC power source is the inverter 120
- the second AC power source is the commercial AC power source 10
- the first line is the line 144
- the second line is the line.
- the third line corresponds to the line 140
- the fourth line corresponds to the line 142
- the first relay corresponds to the relay 210
- the second relay corresponds to the relay 200
- the welding detection unit corresponds to the second welding detection unit.
- the relay 220 corresponds to the third relay.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 controls the first relay to switch from the closed state to the open state, and controls the third relay to switch from the contact on the first relay side to the connection on the second relay side.
- the first relay and the third relay are controlled at the same time by switching the first relay and the third relay in parallel, thereby switching between the first relay and the third relay. This is to shorten the time.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 cannot switch the third relay, and the first relay The time required for switching the third relay may become longer.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 switches the first relay and the third relay in parallel regardless of whether or not the output of the first AC power supply becomes 0V.
- the time required for switching between the first relay and the third relay can be shortened.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 acquires the maximum switching required time in order to execute control for switching the second relay after the required time for switching between the first relay and the third relay (hereinafter also referred to as the maximum switching required time) has elapsed. ing.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 stores table data representing the correspondence relationship between the relay contact configuration and state (operation state or return state), ambient temperature, and the like and the required switching time in a storage unit (not shown). .
- the power supply switching control unit 162 refers to this table data, compares the required switching times of the first relay and the third relay, and can obtain the maximum required switching time as the maximum required switching time.
- both the first relay and the third relay are switched, but the power switching control unit 162 does not immediately execute the switching control of the second relay. Even if the first relay is not welded until the period corresponding to the time constant of the CR circuit composed of the capacitive element C2 and the resistive element R3 (hereinafter also referred to as a delay time) has elapsed, the switching is performed. Element Q1 is conducting. For this reason, the light emitting element D6 may emit light due to the discharge from the capacitive element C1, and the welding detection unit may erroneously detect the welding of the first relay.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 has a period from the timing at which the maximum required switching time has elapsed (hereinafter also referred to as the first timing) to the timing at which the delay time has elapsed (hereinafter also referred to as the second timing). Prohibit relay switching control. Then, the power supply switching control unit 162 refers to the result of the first relay welding detection process of the welding detection unit at the second timing, and when the first relay is not welded, the second relay is changed from the open state to the closed state. Execute switching control. Thereby, even if an arc current is generated in the third relay due to welding of the first relay, it can be reliably prevented from propagating to the second AC power source side via the second relay.
- the process for prohibiting the switching control of the second relay may be executed by the software described above, and a switching control signal (hereinafter also referred to as a second relay control signal) input to the second relay. May be processed by hardware.
- the second relay control signal is, for example, a signal that instructs the second relay to switch from the open state to the closed state when it is at the H level.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 includes a second relay control signal generation circuit that generates a second relay control signal by a logical operation with the output signal of the photocoupler PC.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs the second relay control signal generation circuit to generate the second relay control signal.
- the second relay control signal generation circuit generates an original signal that becomes H level at the first timing.
- the second relay control generation circuit calculates a logical product of the generated original signal and the output signal of the photocoupler PC, generates a second relay control signal, and outputs the second relay control signal to the second relay.
- the output signal of the photocoupler PC is a signal that is at the L level while the light emitting element D6 emits light. Therefore, even if the light emitting element D6 emits light by the discharge from the capacitive element C1 until the delay time elapses, the second relay control signal becomes L level, and the switching control of the second relay is prohibited. Further, since the second relay control signal is at the L level while the light emitting element D6 is emitting light, it can be said that the switching control of the second relay is prohibited even when the first relay is welded. Thereby, the certainty of prevention of propagation of the arc current can be further increased.
- FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart relating to switching of the AC power supply according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs the first relay to switch from the closed state to the open state.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs the third relay to switch the connection from the contact side of the first relay to the contact side of the second relay (S10).
- the power supply switching control unit 162 refers to table data stored in a storage unit (not shown) and acquires the maximum required switching time.
- the power supply switching control unit 162 checks whether or not the maximum required switching time has elapsed since the first relay and the third relay were instructed to switch (S11).
- the power supply switching control unit 162 checks whether or not the delay time in the welding detection unit has elapsed (S12). When the delay time has elapsed (Y in S12), the power supply switching control unit 162 refers to the result of the first relay welding detection process of the welding detection unit (S13). When welding of the first relay is not detected by the welding detection unit (N in S13), the second relay is instructed to switch from the open state to the closed state (S14). When welding of the first relay is detected by the welding detection unit (Y in S13), the user is notified through the display unit (not shown) that the first relay is welding (S15).
- the power supply switching control unit 162 switches the first relay and the third relay in parallel, and switches the second relay until the first relay welding detection process of the welding detection unit is completed. Since it prohibits, the time required for switching the first relay and the third relay can be shortened, and the second relay can be switched safely. As a result, switching from the first AC power source to the second AC power source can be performed safely and in a short time. Since the welding detection part is provided between the 1st track
- the welding detection unit includes the light emitting element D6 and detects the welding of the first relay according to the light emitting state of the light emitting element D6, there is little influence of noise and the like, and the welding of the first relay can be detected stably. it can. Since the welding detection unit includes a switching element Q1 and a capacitive element C2, the light emitting element D6 is connected to the second line via the switching element Q1, and the capacitive element C2 is connected in parallel to the gate terminal of the switching element Q1, It is possible to detect the welding of the first relay without limiting the detectable period. As a result, the welding of the first relay can be detected with high accuracy.
- the relay 200 has the relay 200a and the relay 200b
- the relay 210 has the relay 210a and the relay 210b
- the relay 220 has the relay 220a and the relay 220b. You may comprise with one relay.
- the relay 200 is provided on the line 140, and the relay 210 is provided on the line 144.
- the first contact side of the relay 220 is connected to one end of the relay 200, and the second contact side is connected to one end of the relay 210.
- the line 142 and the line 146 are directly connected to the line 150.
- the switching process of the alternating current power supply of embodiment of this invention is applicable.
- the number of relays can be reduced, and the cost reduction of the power storage switching device can be realized.
- the welding detection unit 230 detects the welding of the relay 200 or the relay 210.
- the input side terminal block also referred to as an input terminal
- the output side terminal block that the main body of the storage battery system 30 has. (It is also called an output terminal) may be mistakenly connected and wiring may be detected.
- the main body of the storage battery system 30 is provided with an input-side terminal block for connection to the commercial AC power supply 10 by wiring.
- the main body of the storage battery system 30 includes an output side terminal block for connecting to a distribution board, a distribution board, or the like by wiring. That is, the storage battery system 30 is connected to the commercial AC power supply 10 via the input terminal block, and supplies AC power to the load 20 via the output terminal block.
- Input-side terminal blocks and output-side terminal blocks use terminal blocks with the same shape, and incorrect connection may occur when the input-side terminals and output-side terminals are mistaken for wiring. Therefore, in the second modification, this erroneous connection is detected using the welding detection unit 230 of the embodiment of the invention.
- the timing of detecting an erroneous connection is, for example, when the storage battery system 30 is started up when the power supply of the storage battery system 30 is turned off with the input side or output side wiring connected thereto.
- FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart relating to detection of erroneous connection.
- the control unit 160 performs an initialization process. Specifically, when the relay 200 or the relay 210 is in the closed state, the power supply switching control unit 162 instructs to switch from the closed state to the open state (S16). The initialization process may be omitted when the process of switching the relay 200 and the relay 210 to the open state at the time of the previous shutdown is performed.
- the control unit 160 confirms whether welding is detected by either the first welding detection unit 230a or the second welding detection unit 230b. (S17) When welding is not detected from either the first welding detection unit 230a or the second welding detection unit 230b (S17N), the control unit 160 determines that an appropriate connection is made and ends the operation flow. . Note that the control unit 160 may move to the next activation procedure after the operation flow for detecting an erroneous connection is completed, or may temporarily move the operation flow for detecting an erroneous connection to move to the next activation process. It is good.
- the first welding detection unit 230a or the second welding detection unit 230b receives a current from the load 20 through the relay 220. Since the current flows through 230b, the control unit 160 determines that the connection is incorrect, and displays an indication that the connection is incorrect or displays an alarm warning to the operator and makes an incorrect connection to the operator. Notice. (S18)
- the power source switching control unit 162 is configured to connect the input side terminal block and the output side terminal block when the welding is detected by the welding detection unit 230 while the relay 200 and the relay 210 are open. It can be determined that the connection is incorrect.
- the welding detection unit 230 is used for erroneous connection detection, it is not necessary to provide a new erroneous connection detection unit as hardware, so that both the safety improvement and cost reduction of the storage battery system 30 can be achieved.
- a third relay that switches between an output of the first AC power source output via the first relay and an output of the second AC power source output via the second relay and supplies the load to the load; and A welding detection unit that detects welding, and when switching from the output of the first AC power source to the output of the second AC power source and supplying the load to the load, the first relay is switched from a closed state to an open state, and the second relay After switching the third relay to select and output the output of the AC power supply, the second relay is switched from the open state to the closed state until the first relay welding detection process in the welding detector is completed. And a power supply switching device that prohibits the power supply switching control unit.
- the first AC power source and the third relay are connected by a first line and a second line via a first relay, and the welding detection unit is provided between the first line and the second line.
- the power supply switching device according to Item 1 wherein [Item 3]
- the welding detector further includes a switching element and a capacitive element, the light emitting element is connected to the second line through the switching element, and the control terminal of the switching element and the second line are between Item 4.
- the power supply switching device according to Item 3 which is connected via a capacitive element.
- a battery, a first power converter that converts the output of the first AC power source into a direct current and outputs it to the battery, and the second AC power source are configured together with the battery, and the output of the battery is converted into an alternating current and output.
- a storage battery system comprising: a second power exchanging device that includes the power switching device according to any one of items 1 to 4.
- the first AC power source is a commercial AC power source, and an input terminal connected to the first AC power source; An output terminal connected to the load, wherein the power switching device is connected to the output terminal when the welding detection unit detects welding of the first relay when the storage battery system is activated. 6.
- the power switching device according to the present invention is useful for a backup power source and an electric vehicle as a power switching device with a welding detection function.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
御部162は、負荷20に供給する交流電力を、商用交流電源10から供給される交流電力に切り替えるよう電源切替部130に指示する。
ド端子は、ダイオードD2のカソード端子に接続される(以下、ダイオードD1のカソード端子とダイオードD2のカソード端子との接点を接点Xとも言う)。ダイオードD1のアノード端子は、ダイオードD3のカソード端子と線路140に接続される。ダイオードD3のアノード端子は、ダイオードD4のアノード端子と接続される(以下、ダイオードD3のアノード端子とダイオードD4のアノード端子との接点を接点Yとも言う)。ダイオードD4のカソード端子は、ダイオードD2のアノード端子と線路142に接続される。線路140および線路142を介して入力された交流電流の正負に応じて、ダイオードD1~D4の導通・非導通状態が切り替わる。具体的には、交流電流が正の場合、ダイオードD1とダイオードD4は導通状態となり、ダイオードD2とダイオードD3は非導通状態となる。一方、交流電流が負の場合、ダイオードD1とダイオードD4は非導通状態となり、ダイオードD2とダイオードD3は導通状態となる。このようにダイオードD1~D4の導通・非導通状態が切り替わることで、全波整流回路300は、全波整流を実現する。
sulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)、GaNトランジス
タ、SiCトランジスタなどを用いてもよい。
ーを切り替えるための所要時間を短縮化するためである。
え制御は禁止される。また、発光素子D6が発光している間は、第2リレー制御信号はLレベルになるので、第1リレーが溶着している場合も、第2リレーの切り替え制御は禁止されるとも言える。これにより、アーク電流の伝搬防止の確実性をより高めることができる。
(第1変形例)
例えば、本発明の実施の形態において、リレー200はリレー200aとリレー200bを有し、リレー210はリレー210aとリレー210bを有し、リレー220はリレー220aとリレー220bを有すると説明したが、それぞれ1つのリレーで構成してもよい。
くなる。同様に、リレー210が閉状態の場合、インバータ120から負荷20に交流電力が供給され、リレー210が開状態の場合、インバータ120から負荷20に交流電力が供給されなくなる。このため、リレー200、リレー210およびリレー220が、それぞれ1つのリレーで構成されている場合でも、本発明の実施形態の交流電源の切り替え処理を適用することができる。本第1変形例によれば、リレーの個数を減らすことができ、蓄電切替装置の低コスト化を実現できる。
(第2変形例)
本発明の実施の形態において、溶着検出部230は、リレー200あるいはリレー210の溶着を検出すると説明したが、蓄電池システム30の本体が有する入力側端子台(入力端子とも言う)と出力側端子台(出力端子とも言う)とを取り違えて配線する誤接続を検出してもよい。
、蓄電池システム30の安全性向上と低コスト化を両立することができる。
[項目1]
第1リレーを介して出力される第1交流電源の出力と、第2リレーを介して出力される第2交流電源の出力とを切り替えて負荷に供給する第3リレーと、前記第1リレーの溶着を検出する溶着検出部と、前記第1交流電源の出力から前記第2交流電源の出力に切り替えて負荷に供給する場合、前記第1リレーを閉状態から開状態に切り替えるとともに、前記第2交流電源の出力を選択して出力するように前記第3リレーを切り替えた後、前記溶着検出部での第1リレー溶着検出処理が完了するまで、前記第2リレーを開状態から閉状態に切り替えることを禁止する電源切替制御部と、を備えた電源切替装置。
[項目2]
前記第1交流電源と前記第3リレーは、第1リレーを介して第1線路及び第2線路で接続されており、 前記溶着検出部は、前記第1線路と前記第2線路の間に設けられている、項目1に記載の電源切替装置。
[項目3]
前記溶着検出部は、発光素子を含み、前記発光素子の発光状態に応じて前記第1リレーの溶着を検出する、項目2に記載の電源切替装置。
[項目4]
前記溶着検出部は、スイッチング素子と容量素子をさらに含み、前記発光素子は前記スイッチング素子を介して第2線路に接続されており、前記スイッチング素子の制御端子と前記第2線路との間は前記容量素子を介して接続されている、項目3に記載の電源切替装置。
[項目5]
電池と、前記第1交流電源の出力を直流に変換し前記電池に出力する第1電力変換装置と、前記電池とともに前記第2交流電源を構成し、前記電池の出力を交流に変換して出力する第2電力交換装置と、項目1~項目4の何れかに記載の電源切替装置と、を備えた蓄電池システム。
[項目6]
前記第1交流電源は商用交流電源であり、前記第1交流電源と接続される入力端子と、
前記負荷と接続される出力端子と、をさらに備え、前記電源切替装置は、前記蓄電池システムの起動時に前記溶着検出部が前記第1リレーの溶着を検出した場合に前記出力端子に前記第1交流電源が誤接続されていると判定する、項目5に記載の蓄電池システム。
20 負荷
30 蓄電池システム
40 電源切替装置
100 電池モジュール
110 コンバータ
120 インバータ
160 制御部
162 電源切替制御部
200 リレー
200a リレー
200b リレー
210 リレー
210a リレー
210b リレー
220 リレー
220a リレー
220b リレー
230 溶着検出部
230a 溶着検出部
230b 溶着検出部
Claims (6)
- 第1リレーを介して出力される第1交流電源の出力と、第2リレーを介して出力される第2交流電源の出力とを切り替えて負荷に供給する第3リレーと、
前記第1リレーの溶着を検出する溶着検出部と、
前記第1交流電源の出力から前記第2交流電源の出力に切り替えて負荷に供給する場合、前記第1リレーを閉状態から開状態に切り替えるとともに、前記第2交流電源の出力を選択して出力するように前記第3リレーを切り替えた後、前記溶着検出部での第1リレー溶着検出処理が完了するまで、前記第2リレーを開状態から閉状態に切り替えることを禁止する電源切替制御部と、を備えた電源切替装置。 - 前記第1交流電源と前記第3リレーは、第1リレーを介して第1線路及び第2線路で接続されており、
前記溶着検出部は、前記第1線路と前記第2線路の間に設けられている、
請求項1に記載の電源切替装置。 - 前記溶着検出部は、発光素子を含み、前記発光素子の発光状態に応じて前記第1リレーの溶着を検出する、
請求項2に記載の電源切替装置。 - 前記溶着検出部は、スイッチング素子と容量素子をさらに含み、
前記発光素子は前記スイッチング素子を介して第2線路に接続されており、前記スイッチング素子の制御端子と前記第2線路との間は前記容量素子を介して接続されている、
請求項3に記載の電源切替装置。 - 電池と、
前記第1交流電源の出力を直流に変換し前記電池に出力する第1電力変換装置と、
前記電池とともに前記第2交流電源を構成し、前記電池の出力を交流に変換して出力する第2電力交換装置と、
請求項1~請求項4の何れかに記載の電源切替装置と、を備えた蓄電池システム。 - 前記第1交流電源は商用交流電源であり、
前記第1交流電源と接続される入力端子と、
前記負荷と接続される出力端子と、をさらに備え、
前記電源切替装置は、前記蓄電池システムの起動時に前記溶着検出部が前記第1リレーの溶着を検出した場合に前記出力端子に前記第1交流電源が誤接続されていると判定する、
請求項5に記載の蓄電池システム。
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JP7341048B2 (ja) | 2019-12-25 | 2023-09-08 | オムロン株式会社 | 溶着検出装置及び溶着検出方法 |
WO2024142650A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | オムロン株式会社 | 電源切替装置 |
WO2024142647A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | オムロン株式会社 | 電源切替装置 |
Also Published As
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US20160087426A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
JPWO2015045226A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
JP6229173B2 (ja) | 2017-11-15 |
US9871460B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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