WO2015042838A1

WO2015042838A1 - Closed-loop power control for lte-tdd eimta

Info

Publication number: WO2015042838A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/084344
Authority: WO
Inventors: Neng Wang; Peter Gaal; Wanshi Chen; Hao Xu; Chao Wei; Peng Cheng; Minghai Feng; Jilei Hou
Original assignee: Qualcomm Incorporated
Priority date: 2013-09-26
Filing date: 2013-09-26
Publication date: 2015-04-02

Abstract

A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. The apparatus receives a number of TPC commands including a number of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments. Each TPC command may include at least a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or a flexible transmit power control adjustment. The apparatus determines a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments and transmits during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

Description

CLOSED-LOOP POWER CONTROL FOR LTE-TDD EIMTA

BACKGROUND

Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to closed-loop power control for LTE-TDD EIMTA.

Background

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example of an emerging telecommunication standard is Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). It is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using OFDMA on the downlink (DL), SC-FDMA on the uplink (UL), and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology. However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, there exists a need for further improvements in LTE technology. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.

SUMMARY

[0004] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer program product, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus receives a number of transmit power control (TPC) commands including a number of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments. Each TPC command may include at least a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or a flexible transmit power control adjustment. The apparatus determines a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments and transmits during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

[0005] In another aspect, the apparatus receives at least one TPC command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), determines whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and applies the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination.

[0006] In another aspect, the apparatus receives an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a

UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising a TPC command for a PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe, and applies the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

[0007] In another aspect, the apparatus receives a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one TPC command for a PUCCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe, determines to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe, and applies the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network architecture. [0009] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an access network.

[0010] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a DL frame structure in LTE.

[0011] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an UL frame structure in LTE.

[0012] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio protocol architecture for the user and control planes.

[0013] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an evolved Node B and user equipment in an access network.

[0014] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a range expanded cellular region in a heterogeneous network.

[0015] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of subframes within a radio frame.

[0016] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating DL-UL subframe configurations. In LTE, both

FDD and TDD frame structures are supported.

[0017] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating interference that may result due to the application of dynamic TDD DL/UL configurations.

[0018] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating original TPC command timing for subframe #2 and subframe #7 in TDD DL-UL configuration #0 when the LSB of UL index is not set.

[0019] FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0020] FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0021] FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0022] FIG. 15 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0023] FIG. 16 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus.

[0024] FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus employing a processing system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0026] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0027] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented with a "processing system" that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0028] Accordingly, in one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer- readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmfhl^p R OM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), and floppy disk where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an LTE network architecture 100. The LTE network architecture 100 may be referred to as an Evolved Packet System (EPS) 100. The EPS 100 may include one or more user equipment (UE) 102, an Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 110, a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 120, and an Operator's Internet Protocol (IP) Services 122. The EPS can interconnect with other access networks, but for simplicity those entities/interfaces are not shown. As shown, the EPS provides packet- switched services, however, as those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may be extended to networks providing circuit- switched services.

[0030] The E-UTRAN includes the evolved Node B (eNB) 106 and other eNBs 108.

The eNB 106 provides user and control planes protocol terminations toward the UE 102. The eNB 106 may be connected to the other eNBs 108 via a backhaul (e.g., an X2 interface). The eNB 106 may also be referred to as a base station, a Node B, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), or some other suitable terminology. The eNB 106 provides an access point to the EPC 110 for a UE 102. Examples of UEs 102 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, or any other similar functioning device. The UE 102 may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber static" ™ amts terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0031] The eNB 106 is connected to the EPC 110. The EPC 110 may include a

Mobility Management Entity (MME) 112, other MMEs 114, a Serving Gateway 116, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 124, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 126, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 118. The MME 112 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UE 102 and the EPC 110. Generally, the MME 112 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 116, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 118. The PDN Gateway 118 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The PDN Gateway 118 is connected to the Operator's IP Services 122. The Operator's IP Services 122 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), and a PS Streaming Service (PSS). The BM-SC 126 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 126 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a PLMN, and may be used to schedule and deliver MBMS transmissions. The MBMS Gateway 124 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the eNBs (e.g., 106, 108) belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.

[0032] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an access network 200 in an LTE network architecture. In this example, the access network 200 is divided into a number of cellular regions (cells) 202. One or more lower power class eNBs 208 may have cellular regions 210 that overlap with one or more of the cells 202. The lower power class eNB 208 may be a femto cell (e.g., home eNB (HeNB)), pico cell, micro cell, or remote radio head (RRH). The macro eNBs 204 are each assigned to a respective cell 202 and are configured to provide an access point to the EPC 110 for all the UEs 206 in the cells 202. There is no centralized controller in this example of an access network 200, but a centralized controller may be used in alternative configurations. The eNBs 204 are responsible for all radio related functions including radio bearer control, admission control, mobility control, scheduling, security, and connectivity to the serving gateway 116. Δ^η NR mnv support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells (also referred to as a sector). The term "cell" can refer to the smallest coverage area of an eNB and/or an eNB subsystem serving are particular coverage area. Further, the terms "eNB," "base station," and "cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

[0033] The modulation and multiple access scheme employed by the access network

200 may vary depending on the particular telecommunications standard being deployed. In LTE applications, OFDM is used on the DL and SC-FDMA is used on the UL to support both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the detailed description to follow, the various concepts presented herein are well suited for LTE applications. However, these concepts may be readily extended to other telecommunication standards employing other modulation and multiple access techniques. By way of example, these concepts may be extended to Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO) or Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB). EV-DO and UMB are air interface standards promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) as part of the CDMA2000 family of standards and employs CDMA to provide broadband Internet access to mobile stations. These concepts may also be extended to Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) employing Wideband-CDMA (W- CDMA) and other variants of CDMA, such as TD-SCDMA; Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) employing TDMA; and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Flash-OFDM employing OFDM A. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in documents from the 3GPP organization. CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from the 3GPP2 organization. The actual wireless communication standard and the multiple access technology employed will depend on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system.

[0034] The eNBs 204 may have multiple antennas supporting MIMO technology. The use of MIMO technology enables the eNBs 204 to exploit the spatial domain to support spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and transmit diversity. Spatial multiplexing may be used to transmit different streams of data simultaneously on the same frequency. The data streams may be transmitted to a single UE 206 to increase the data rate or to multiple UEs 206 to increase the overall system capacity. This is achieved by spatially precoding each data stream (i.e., applyin^g n sralino nf an amplitude and a phase) and then transmitting each spatially precoded stream through multiple transmit antennas on the DL. The spatially precoded data streams arrive at the UE(s) 206 with different spatial signatures, which enables each of the UE(s) 206 to recover the one or more data streams destined for that UE 206. On the UL, each UE 206 transmits a spatially precoded data stream, which enables the eNB 204 to identify the source of each spatially precoded data stream.

[0035] Spatial multiplexing is generally used when channel conditions are good. When channel conditions are less favorable, beamforming may be used to focus the transmission energy in one or more directions. This may be achieved by spatially precoding the data for transmission through multiple antennas. To achieve good coverage at the edges of the cell, a single stream beamforming transmission may be used in combination with transmit diversity.

[0036] In the detailed description that follows, various aspects of an access network will be described with reference to a MIMO system supporting OFDM on the DL. OFDM is a spread- spectrum technique that modulates data over a number of subcarriers within an OFDM symbol. The subcarriers are spaced apart at precise frequencies. The spacing provides "orthogonality" that enables a receiver to recover the data from the subcarriers. In the time domain, a guard interval (e.g., cyclic prefix) may be added to each OFDM symbol to combat inter-OFDM- symbol interference. The UL may use SC-FDMA in the form of a DFT-spread OFDM signal to compensate for high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).

[0037] FIG. 3 is a diagram 300 illustrating an example of a DL frame structure in LTE.

A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes. Each subframe may include two consecutive time slots. A resource grid may be used to represent two time slots, each time slot including a resource block. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements. In LTE, a resource block contains 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and, for a normal cyclic prefix in each OFDM symbol, 7 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain, or 84 resource elements. For an extended cyclic prefix, a resource block contains 6 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and has 72 resource elements. Some of the resource elements, indicated as R 302, 304, include DL reference signals (DL-RS). The DL-RS include Cell-specific RS (CRS) (also sometimes called common RS) 302 and UE-specific RS (UE-RS) 304. UP-R S _arP transmitted only on the resource blocks upon which the corresponding physical DL shared channel (PDSCH) is mapped. The number of bits carried by each resource element depends on the modulation scheme. Thus, the more resource blocks that a UE receives and the higher the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate for the UE.

[0038] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of an UL frame structure in

LTE. The available resource blocks for the UL may be partitioned into a data section and a control section. The control section may be formed at the two edges of the system bandwidth and may have a configurable size. The resource blocks in the control section may be assigned to UEs for transmission of control information. The data section may include all resource blocks not included in the control section. The UL frame structure results in the data section including contiguous subcarriers, which may allow a single UE to be assigned all of the contiguous subcarriers in the data section.

[0039] A UE may be assigned resource blocks 410a, 410b in the control section to transmit control information to an eNB. The UE may also be assigned resource blocks 420a, 420b in the data section to transmit data to the eNB. The UE may transmit control information in a physical UL control channel (PUCCH) on the assigned resource blocks in the control section. The UE may transmit only data or both data and control information in a physical UL shared channel (PUSCH) on the assigned resource blocks in the data section. A UL transmission may span both slots of a subframe and may hop across frequency.

[0040] A set of resource blocks may be used to perform initial system access and achieve UL synchronization in a physical random access channel (PRACH) 430. The PRACH 430 carries a random sequence and cannot carry any UL data/signaling. Each random access preamble occupies a bandwidth corresponding to six consecutive resource blocks. The starting frequency is specified by the network. That is, the transmission of the random access preamble is restricted to certain time and frequency resources. There is no frequency hopping for the PRACH. The PRACH attempt is carried in a single subframe (1 ms) or in a sequence of few contiguous subframes and a UE can make only a single PRACH attempt per frame (10 ms). [0041] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a radio protocol architecture for the user and control planes in LTE. The radio protocol architecture for the UE and the eNB is shown with three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3. Layer 1 (LI layer) is the lowest layer and implements various physical layer signal processing functions. The LI layer will be referred to herein as the physical layer 506. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 508 is above the physical layer 506 and is responsible for the link between the UE and eNB over the physical layer 506.

[0042] In the user plane, the L2 layer 508 includes a media access control (MAC) sublayer 510, a radio link control (RLC) sublayer 512, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) 514 sublayer, which are terminated at the eNB on the network side. Although not shown, the UE may have several upper layers above the L2 layer 508 including a network layer (e.g., IP layer) that is terminated at the PDN gateway 118 on the network side, and an application layer that is terminated at the other end of the connection (e.g., far end UE, server, etc.).

[0043] The PDCP sublayer 514 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. The PDCP sublayer 514 also provides header compression for upper layer data packets to reduce radio transmission overhead, security by ciphering the data packets, and handover support for UEs between eNBs. The RLC sublayer 512 provides segmentation and reassembly of upper layer data packets, retransmission of lost data packets, and reordering of data packets to compensate for out-of-order reception due to hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). The MAC sublayer 510 provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels. The MAC sublayer 510 is also responsible for allocating the various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) in one cell among the UEs. The MAC sublayer 510 is also responsible for HARQ operations.

[0044] In the control plane, the radio protocol architecture for the UE and eNB is substantially the same for the physical layer 506 and the L2 layer 508 with the exception that there is no header compression function for the control plane. The control plane also includes a radio resource control (RRC) sublayer 516 in Layer 3 (L3 layer). The RRC sublayer 516 is responsible for obtaining radio resources (e.g., radio bearers) and for configuring the lower layers using RRC signaling between the eNB and the UE. [0045] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an eNB 610 in communication with a UE 650 in an access network. In the DL, upper layer packets from the core network are provided to a controller/processor 675. The controller/processor 675 implements the functionality of the L2 layer. In the DL, the controller/processor 675 provides header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocations to the UE 650 based on various priority metrics. The controller/processor 675 is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the UE 650.

[0046] The transmit (TX) processor 616 implements various signal processing functions for the LI layer (i.e., physical layer). The signal processing functions include coding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the UE 650 and mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase- shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols are then split into parallel streams. Each stream is then mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 674 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 650. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 620 via a separate transmitter 618TX. Each transmitter 618TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0047] At the UE 650, each receiver 654RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 652. Each receiver 654RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 656. The RX processor 656 implements various signal processing functions of the LI layer. The RX processor 656 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 650. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 650, they may be combined by the RX processor 656 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 656 then converts the OFDM « mhnl str^pnm from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the eNB 610. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 658. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the eNB 610 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller/processor 659.

[0048] The controller/processor 659 implements the L2 layer. The controller/processor can be associated with a memory 660 that stores program codes and data. The memory 660 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 659 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer packets from the core network. The upper layer packets are then provided to a data sink 662, which represents all the protocol layers above the L2 layer. Various control signals may also be provided to the data sink 662 for L3 processing. The controller/processor 659 is also responsible for error detection using an acknowledgement (ACK) and/or negative acknowledgement (NACK) protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0049] In the UL, a data source 667 is used to provide upper layer packets to the controller/processor 659. The data source 667 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the eNB 610, the controller/processor 659 implements the L2 layer for the user plane and the control plane by providing header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocations by the eNB 610. The controller/processor 659 is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the eNB 610.

[0050] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 658 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the eNB 610 may be used by the TX processor 668 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 668 may be provide n Hi ^pr^pnt antenna 652 via separate transmitters 654TX. Each transmitter 654TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0051] The UL transmission is processed at the eNB 610 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 650. Each receiver 618RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 620. Each receiver 618RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 670. The RX processor 670 may implement the LI layer.

[0052] The controller/processor 675 implements the L2 layer. The controller/processor

675 can be associated with a memory 676 that stores program codes and data. The memory 676 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the control/processor 675 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer packets from the UE 650. Upper layer packets from the controller/processor 675 may be provided to the core network. The controller/processor 675 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0053] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating a range expanded cellular region in a heterogeneous network. A lower power class eNB such as the RRH 710b may have a range expanded cellular region 703 that is expanded from the cellular region 702 through enhanced inter-cell interference coordination between the RRH 710b and the macro eNB 710a and through interference cancelation performed by the UE 720. In enhanced inter-cell interference coordination, the RRH 710b receives information from the macro eNB 710a regarding an interference condition of the UE 720. The information allows the RRH 710b to serve the UE 720 in the range expanded cellular region 703 and to accept a handoff of the UE 720 from the macro eNB 710a as the UE 720 enters the range expanded cellular region 703.

[0054] FIG. 8 is a diagram 800 illustrating a configuration of subframes within a radio frame. As shown in FIG. 8, one radio frame may be configured to include 10 subframes (e.g., subframe #0 through subframe #9). For example, the radio frame may have a duration of 10.0 ms and each subframe may have a duration of 1.0 ms. In an aspect, a subframe may be configured as a DL subframe, UL subframe, or a special subframe. [0055] FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating DL-UL subframe configurations. In LTE, both FDD and TDD frame structures are supported. For TDD, seven possible DL- UL subframe configurations (e.g., configuration #0 through configuration #6) are supported. As shown in FIG. 9, there are two switching periodicities (e.g., 5 ms and 10 ms). For the 5 ms switching periodicities, there are two special subframes in one frame (10ms). For the 10ms switching periodicities, there is one special subframe in one frame. For example, each of subframes 0, 1, 2, and 5 may be referred to as a fixed subframe and may collectively be referred to as a set of fixed subframes. For example, each of subframes 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 may be referred to as a flexible subframe and may collectively be referred to as a set of flexible subframes. The fixed subframes and flexible subframes may also be referred to as anchor subframes and non-anchor subframes, respectively.

[0056] In LTE Release 12, it may be possible to dynamically adapt TDD DL-UL subframe configurations based on the actual traffic needs (also referred to as evolved interference management for traffic adaptation (elMTA)). If during a short duration a large data burst on the DL is needed, the configuration can be changed from configuration #1 (6 DL : 4 UL) to configuration #5 (9 DL : 1 UL). In an aspect, the TDD configuration may be changed within approximately 640 ms. Although not preferable, the TDD configuration may be changed in approximately 10 ms in other aspects. The changing of the TDD configuration may cause overwhelming interference to both DL and UL when two or more cells have different DL and UL subframes.

[0057] FIG. 10 is a diagram 1000 illustrating interference that may result due to the application of dynamic TDD DL/UL configurations. Typically, DL-UL interference occurs when adjacent cells have different transmission directions at a particular time. As shown in FIG. 10, the macro UE (MUE) 1008 is in communication with the macro eNB (MeNB) 1002, the pico UE (PUE) 1010 is in communication with the pico eNB (PeNB) 1004, and the PUE 1012 is in communication with the PeNB 1006. In FIG. 10, the solid lines indicate desired signals and the dashed lines indicate interference signals. For example, when the PeNB 1004 sends a signal to the PUE 1010, the signal 1014 sent to the PUE 1010 may cause interference (e.g., eNB to eNB interfering signals 1016 and 1018) to the MeNB 1002 and the PeNB 1006. As another example, when the MUE 1008 sends a signal 102Π tn th^p MPNR 1002, the signal 1020 sent to the MeNB 1002 may cause interference (e.g., UE to UE interfering signal 1022) to the PUE 1010.

[0058] To mitigate DL-UL interference, power control based interference mitigation

(IM) techniques have been considered. For example, up to two sets of subframes may be UE- specifically signaled per serving cell. A potential UL subframe will belong to one of the abovementioned sets. Up to two sets of open-loop power control parameters (P0 and alpha) may be defined. Theses parameters are applicable to PUSCH and SRS channels. TPC commands are accumulated separately for each subframe set. In TDD configurations, the subframe sets may, for example, refer to a set of fixed subframes and a set of flexible subframes. Alternative scenarios may separate the subframe sets based on other interference scenarios, such as HetNet resource partitioning, or based on other measured or anticipated signal characteristics.

[0059] Accumulation of TPC commands may not be necessary in certain scenarios.

Channel/interference characteristics of fixed and flexible subframes are not necessarily different. For example, if one elMTA cell is surrounded by non-elMTA cells (e.g., at early stage of deployment), or if one cell has bursty traffic while other cells have low loading, dynamic reconfiguration of TDD subframe configurations may not be implemented. As another example, neighboring cells may have mainly legacy users or neighboring cells may have high loading and, therefore, there may be no need for dynamic reconfiguration.

[0060] The separate TPC command accumulation for fixed subframes and flexible subframes may not provide sufficient opportunities for transmit power adjustments, because the power control rate may be substantially reduced. The power control rate refers to the number of TPC commands that may be received by the UE over a number of subframes within a given time period (e.g., per frame, per HARQ cycle, or other time period). Some configurations, such as configuration #2 (also referred to as "CFG-2") in FIG. 9, may not provide a downlink opportunity to send TPC commands for flexible subframes. In a case where an eNB stays in CFG-2 for a relatively long time, the power setting in a set of flexible subframes may be outdated. Moreover, a limited power control rate may reduce power control accuracy. Separate open-loop power control may not be able to timely track interference variation in a set of flexible subframes. In such a case, there is tra^^pn ^ptw ^pn pull-in range and accuracy. Currently, TPC command timing does not take into account subframe set (e.g., a TPC command may apply to both fixed and flexible subframes).

[0061] In an aspect, separate accumulation of TPC commands for a set of flexible subframes and a set of fixed subframes may not be necessary. Moreover, such separate accumulation of TPC commands may not suffer from accuracy/rate limitations. Therefore, in an aspect, TPC commands may be either accumulated jointly for a set of fixed subframes and a set of flexible subframes, or can be accumulated separately over a set of fixed subframes and a set of flexible subframes. For example, when TPC commands are accumulated separately over a set of fixed subframes and a set of flexible subframes, there may be one TPC command accumulation for the set of fixed subframes and another TPC command accumulation for the set of flexible subframes.

[0062] A TPC accumulation configuration may indicate whether a joint or separate accumulation of TPC commands is to be used. For example, such TPC accumulation configuration may be sent to a UE through a physical layer, a MAC layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer. In an aspect, the TPC accumulation configuration may be UE- specific or cell- specific. In an aspect, the TPC accumulation configuration may be received through a physical layer and is carried over downlink control information (DCI) format 3 or format 3A with a new TPC- accumulation-radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambling. For example, UE index follows DCI-3/3A, while field value '0' indicates joint TPC command accumulation and field value T indicates separate TPC command accumulation. If MAC signaling is used to send the TPC accumulation configuration, a new MAC control element (CE) may be defined to indicate the TPC accumulation configuration. If RRC signaling is used to send the TPC accumulation configuration, a new information element (IE) may be defined to indicate the TPC accumulation configuration.

[0063] For appropriate elMTA operation, UL control messages are assumed to be transmitted in fixed UL subframes (e.g., subframe #2 in FIG. 9). A TPC command for PUCCH in some DL assignments may not be necessary. In an aspect, such a TPC command for PUCCH may be reinterpreted as a TPC command for PUSCH. For example, for CFG-0, a TPC command in subframe #0 is fr>r ΡΤ ΤΓΓΗ in subframe #4, which can be reinterpreted as a TPC command for PUSCH in subframe #4. As another example, for CFG-1, a TPC command in subframe #4 is for PUCCH in subframe #8, which can be reinterpreted as a TPC command for PUSCH in subframe #8. The re-interpreted TPC commands can be applied to flexible UL subframes only, fixed subframes only, or both. Reinterpretation of TPC commands for PUCCH can be fixed or configured via a physical layer, a MAC layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer. A UE may determine to reinterpret a TPC command for PUCCH based on separate signaling or based on a TPC command accumulation configuration. For example, when TPC commands are to be accumulated separately for a set of fixed subframes and set of flexible subframes, a UE may reinterpret a TPC command for PUCCH as a TPC command for PUSCH. The timing of the reinterpreted TPC command can follow original TPC for PUCCH.

[0064] In an aspect, the re-interpretation of a TPC command for PUCCH as a TPC command for PUSCH can be tied with a downlink assignment index (DAI) value in the DL assignment. For example, if DAI=1, the 2-bit TPC command is still used for PUCCH power control. Otherwise, if DAI>1, then the 2-bit TPC command is used for PUSCH power control. In another aspect, reinterpretation of the a TPC command for PUCCH may be tied to a difference between the reference DL/UL subframe configuration (e.g., the one in S1B1) and the current dynamically indicated DL/UL subframe configuration. For example, control channels in all DL subframes not in S1B1 can have such re-interpretation of TPC commands for PUCCH.

[0065] A set of flexible subframes may suffer from interference variation if dual open loop power control is not configured in time, parameter setting is not accurate, or in cases where interference from neighboring eNB fluctuates rapidly due to reconfiguration. In an aspect, in order to improve power control accuracy, a TPC command may contain two components: a common TPC command and differential TPC command. The common TPC command can be applied to all UL subframes. The differential TPC command can be applied to flexible UL subframes in addition to the common TPC command.

[0066] In an aspect, initiation of differential TPC command mode can be fixed, configured, or tied to the TPC accumulation configuration. For example, if TPC commands are accumulated jointly over fixed and flexible s^fram^ps tVi^p differential TPC command mode is initiated. The differential TPC command mode can be carried over either a TPC command for PUSCH or a reinterpreted TPC command for PUCCH.

[0067] In an aspect, differential TPC timing can follow TPC timing for elMTA. For example, if activated, a TPC command for a flexible subframe is interpreted as differential TPC command. A differential TPC command can be carried by 1-bit or 2-bit commands. For example, common TPC command values can reuse values defined in current specifications. For example, differential TPC command values can reuse the same values for 2-bit commands, or reuse 3 A values for 1-bit commands, or use new values.

[0068] FIG. 11 is a diagram 1100 illustrating original TPC command timing for subframe #2 and subframe #7 in TDD DL-UL configuration #0 when the least significant bit (LSB) of UL index is not set. For configuration #0 in FIG. 9 (also referred to as "CFG-0"), current TPC command timing for PUSCH follows a different timing than UL grant, and there may be scenarios where a TPC command applies to both fixed and flexible subframes. For example, with reference to FIG. 11, if the LSB of UL index is not set, subframe #7 (e.g., a fixed subframe) and subframe #8 (e.g., a flexible subframe) may apply the same TPC command from subframe #1 (i.e., subframe #7 applies the TPC command received in subframe #(7-6=1) and subframe #8 applies the TPC command received in subframe #(8-7=1). If reinterpretation of a TPC command for PUCCH is not configured, one approach is to redefine TPC timing for CFG-0 to be the same as the UL grant. For efficient multiple-transmission time interval (TTI) scheduling, the eNB can determine appropriate subframe set partitioning for a UE. Following scheduling decision will result in good timing for a TPC command and avoid the above mixture of fixed and flexible TPC commands. If reinterpretation of a TPC command for PUCCH is configured, the reinterpreted TPC command can override the TPC command included in UL grant to avoid a TPC command that applies to both subframe #2 and subframe #3, and/or subframe #7 and subframe #8.

[0069] FIG. 12 is a flow chart 1200 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE. At step 1202, the UE receives a TPC accumulation configuration. In an aspect, the TPC accumulation configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a MAC layer, or a layer hi aVi^pr than tVi^p MAC layer. In an aspect, the TPC accumulation configuration is received through a physical layer and is carried over DCI format 3 or format 3A with a new TPC- accumulation-RNTI for CRC scrambling. In an aspect, the TPC accumulation configuration is UE- specific or cell- specific.

[0070] At step 1204, the UE receives a number of TPC commands including a number of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a number of flexible transmit power control adjustments, where each TPC command includes a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or a flexible transmit power control adjustment. In an aspect, each TPC command includes both a fixed transmit power control adjustment or a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

[0071] At step 1206, the UE determines a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the number of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments. In an aspect, the determination is based on the received TPC accumulation configuration. For example, the TPC accumulation configuration may indicate that number of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments should be accumulated separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments.

[0072] At step 1208, the UE transmits during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on the fixed subframe transmit power and/or the flexible subframe transmit power. In an aspect, the transmitting during the fixed subframe is based on the fixed subframe transmit power and transmitting during the flexible subframe is based on the flexible subframe transmit power. In an aspect, the transmitting during the fixed subframe is based on the fixed subframe transmit power and the transmitting during the flexible subframe is based on a combination of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power. In an aspect, the transmitting during the flexible subframe inlcudes transmitting at a transmit power determined by the sum of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

[0073] FIG. 13 is a flow chart 1300 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE. At step 1302, the UE receives a TPC command configuration indicating that at least one TPC command for the PUCCH is to be reinterpreted as a TPC command for the PUSCH and applied to the PUSCH. In an aspect, the TPC command configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a MAC layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

[0074] At step 1304, the UE receives at least one TPC command for a PUCCH. In an aspect, the at least one TPC command is received in a flexible DL subframe, which is configured as a UL in a reference configuration, and is applied to the PUSCH

[0075] At step 1306, the UE determines whether the at least one TPC command is to be accumulated separately for fixed subframes and flexible subframes.

[0076] At step 1308, the UE determines a value of a DAI. In an aspect, the at least one

TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUCCH when the value of the DAI is ' , and wherein the TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH when the value of the DAI is greater than T .

[0077] At step 1310, the UE determines whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH. In an aspect, the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH in only flexible subframes, in only fixed subframes, or in both flexible subframes and fixed subframes. In an aspect, the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a TPC accumulation configuration. In an aspect, the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a difference between a reference DL/UL subframe configuration and a current dynamically indicated DL/UL subframe configuration. In an aspect, a timing of reinterpreted TPC can follow original TPC for PUCCH.

[0078] At step 1312, the UE applies the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination.

[0079] FIG. 14 is a flow chart 1400 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE. At step 1402, the UE receives a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant including a TPC command for a PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe.

[0080] At step 1404, the UE applies the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe. In an aspect, the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

[0081] FIG. 15 is a flow chart 1500 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE. At step 1502, the UE receives a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant including at least one TPC command for a PUCCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe. [0082] At step 1504, the UE determines to apply the at least one TPC command to a

PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe.

[0083] At step 1506, the UE applies the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe. In an aspect, the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

[0084] It should be understood that the steps in dashed lines in FIGs. 12-15 indicate optional steps.

[0085] FIG. 16 is a conceptual data flow diagram 1600 illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus 1602. The apparatus may be a UE. The apparatus includes a module 1604 that receives a plurality of TPC commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments, receives a TPC accumulation configuration, receives at least one TPC command for a PUCCH, receives a TPC command configuration indicating that the at least one TPC command is to be applied to the PUSCH, and receives a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe.

[0086] The apparatus further includes a module 1606 that determines a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments, determines whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH, determines a value of a DAI, and determines to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe.

[0087] The apparatus further inlcudes a module 1608 that applies the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on a determination and applies the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

[0088] The apparatus further inlcudes a module 1610 that transmits during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

[0089] The apparatus may include additional modules that perform each of the steps of the algorithm in the aforementioned flow charts of FIGs. 12-15. As such, each step in the aforementioned flow charts of FIGs. 12-15 may be performed by a module and the apparatus may include one or more of those modules. The modules may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry nut tVi^p stnt^pH processes/algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to perform the stated processes/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

[0090] FIG. 17 is a diagram 1700 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1602' employing a processing system 1714. The processing system 1714 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1724. The bus 1724 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1714 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1724 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware modules, represented by the processor 1704, the modules 1604, 1606, 1608, and 1610, and the computer-readable medium / memory 1706. The bus 1724 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further.

[0091] The processing system 1714 may be coupled to a transceiver 1710. The transceiver 1710 is coupled to one or more antennas 1720. The transceiver 1710 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1710 receives a signal from the one or more antennas 1720, extracts information from the received signal, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1714, specifically the receiving module 1604. In addition, the transceiver 1710 receives information from the processing system 1714, specifically the transmission module 1610, and based on the received information, generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1720. The processing system 1714 includes a processor 1704 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1706. The processor 1704 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer- readable medium / memory 1706. The software, when executed by the processor 1704, causes the processing system 1714 to perform the various functions described supra for any particular apparatus. The computer-readable medium / memory 1706 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1704 when executing software. The processing system further includes at least one of the modules 1604, 1606, 1608, and 1610. The modules may be software modules running in the processor 1704, resident/stored in the computer read^l^p m^pHinm / memory 1706, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1704, or some combination thereof. The processing system 1714 may be a component of the UE 650 and may include the memory 660 and/or at least one of the TX processor 668, the RX processor 656, and the controller/processor 659.

In one configuration, the apparatus 1602/1602' for wireless communication includes means for receiving a plurality of TPC commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments, each TPC command including at least one of a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or a flexible transmit power control adjustment, means for determining a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments, means for transmitting during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power, means for receiving a TPC accumulation configuration, means for receiving at least one TPC command for a PUCCH, means for determining whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH, means for applying the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination, means for receiving a TPC command configuration indicating that the at least one TPC command is to be applied to the PUSCH, means for determining a value of a DAI, means for receiving a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, means for applying the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe, means for receiving a UL grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one TPC command for a PUCCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe, means for determining to apply the at least one TPC command to a PUSCH to be transmitted in the UL subframe, and means for applying the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned modules of the apparatus 1602 and/or the processing system 1714 of the apparatus 1602' configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the processing system 1714 may include the TX Processor 668, the RX Processor 656, and the controller/processor 659. As such, in one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 668, the RX Processor 656, and the controller/processor 659 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.

[0093] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged. Further, some steps may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0094] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" unless specifically so stated, but rather "one or more." The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects." Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof include any combination of A, B, and/or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for."

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication, comprising:

receiving a plurality of transmit power control (TPC) commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments , each TPC command including at least one of:

a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or

a flexible transmit power control adjustment;

determining a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments; and

transmitting during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the transmitting during the fixed subframe comprises transmitting based on the fixed subframe transmit power; and

transmitting during the flexible subframe comprises transmitting based on the flexible subframe transmit power.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the transmitting during the flexible subframe comprises transmitting based on a combination of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting during the flexible subframe comprises transmitting at a transmit power determined by the sum of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein each TPC command includes either a fixed transmit power control adjustment or a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein each TPC command includes both a fixed transmit power control adjustment and a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a TPC

accumulation configuration, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC accumulation configuration.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received through a physical layer and is carried over downlink control information (DCI) format 3 or format 3A with a new TPC-accumulation-radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambling.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is user equipment (UE)- specific or cell- specific.

11. A method of wireless communication, comprising:

receiving at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH);

determining whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); and

applying the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising receiving a TPC command configuration indicating that the at least one TPC command is to be applied to the PUSCH, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC command

configuration.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the TPC command configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH in only flexible subframes, in only fixed subframes, or in both flexible subframes and fixed subframes.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a TPC accumulation configuration.

16. The method of claim 11, further comprising determining a value of a downlink assignment index (DAI), wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUCCH when the value of the DAI is ' 1 ' , and wherein the TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH when the value of the DAI is greater than T.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a difference between a reference downlink(DL)/uplink(UL) subframe configuration and a current dynamically indicated DL/UL subframe configuration.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one TPC command is received in a flexible DL subframe, which is configured as a UL in a reference configuration, and is applied to the PUSCH.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein a timing of reinterpreted TPC can follow original TPC for PUCCH.

20. A method of wireless communication, comprising: receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising a transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and applying the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

22. A method of wireless communication, comprising:

receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; determining to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and

applying the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

24. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving a plurality of transmit power control (TPC) commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments , each TPC command including at least one of:

a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or

a flexible transmit power control adjustment;

means for determining a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments; and means for transmitting during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein:

26. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein:

27. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transmitting during the flexible subframe comprises transmitting at a transmit power determined by the sum of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

28. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein each TPC command includes either a fixed transmit power control adjustment or a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

29. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein each TPC command includes both a fixed transmit power control adjustment and a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

30. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising means for receiving a TPC accumulation configuration, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC accumulation configuration.

31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received through a physical layer and is carried over downlink control information (DCI) format 3 or format 3A with a new TPC- accumulation-radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambling.

33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is user equipment (UE)-specific or cell- specific.

34. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH);

means for determining whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); and

means for applying the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising means for receiving a TPC command configuration indicating that the at least one TPC command is to be applied to the PUSCH, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC command configuration.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the TPC command configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

37. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH in only flexible subframes, in only fixed subframes, or in both flexible subframes and fixed subframes.

38. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a TPC accumulation configuration.

39. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising means for determining a value of a downlink assignment index (DAI), wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUCCH when the value of the DAI is ' 1 ' , and wherein the TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH when the value of the DAI is greater than T.

40. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a difference between a reference downlink(DL)/uplink(UL) subframe configuration and a current dynamically indicated DL/UL subframe configuration.

41. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the at least one TPC command is received in a flexible DL subframe, which is configured as a UL in a reference configuration, and is applied to the PUSCH.

42. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein a timing of reinterpreted TPC can follow original TPC for PUCCH.

43. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising a transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and means for applying the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

44. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

45. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe;

means for determining to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; an^ means for applying the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

46. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

47. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:

receive a plurality of transmit power control (TPC) commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments , each TPC command including at least one of:

a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or

a flexible transmit power control adjustment;

determine a fixed subframe transmit power and flexible subframe transmit power by accumulating the plurality of fixed subframe transmit power adjustments separately from the flexible subframe transmit power adjustments; and

transmit during a fixed subframe and a flexible subframe based on at least one of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein:

49. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein:

50. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the transmitting during the flexible subframe comprises transmitting at a transmit power determined by the sum of the fixed subframe transmit power and the flexible subframe transmit power.

51. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein each TPC command includes either a fixed transmit power control adjustment or a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

52. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein each TPC command includes both a fixed transmit power control adjustment and a flexible transmit power control adjustment.

53. The apparatus of claim 47, the at least one processor further configured to receive a TPC accumulation configuration, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC accumulation configuration.

54. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

55. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is received through a physical layer and is carried over downlink control information (DCI) format 3 or format 3A with a new TPC- accumulation-radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambling.

56. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein the TPC accumulation configuration is user equipment (UE)-specific or cell- specific.

57. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:

receive at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH);

determine whether to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); and apply the at least one TPC command to the PUCCH or the PUSCH based on the determination.

58. The apparatus of claim 57, the at least one processor further configured to receive a TPC command configuration indicating that the at least one TPC command is to be applied to the PUSCH, wherein the determination is based on the received TPC command configuration.

59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the TPC command configuration is received at least through a physical layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, or a layer higher than the MAC layer.

60. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH in only flexible subframes, in only fixed subframes, or in both flexible subframes and fixed subframes.

61. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a TPC accumulation configuration.

62. The apparatus of claim 57, the at least one processor further configured to determine a value of a downlink assignment index (DAI), wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUCCH when the value of the DAI is ' , and wherein the TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH when the value of the DAI is greater than ' 1 ' .

63. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the at least one TPC command is determined to be applied to the PUSCH based on a difference between a reference downlink(DL)/uplink(UL) subframe configuration and a current dynamically indicated DL/UL subframe configuration.

64. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the at least one TPC command is received in a flexible DL subframe, which is configured as a UL in a reference configuration, and is applied to the PUSCH.

65. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein a timing of reinterpreted TPC can follow original TPC for PUCCH.

66. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:

receive an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising a transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and apply the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

67. The apparatus of claim 66, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

68. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:

receive an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe;

determine to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and

apply the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

69. The apparatus of claim 68, wherein the UL subframe is a fixed subframe or a flexible subframe.

70. A computer program product, comprising:

a computer-readable medium comprising code for: receiving a plurality of transmit power control (TPC) commands including a plurality of fixed transmit power control adjustments and a plurality of flexible transmit power control adjustments , each TPC command including at least one of:

a fixed transmit power control adjustment, or a flexible transmit power control adjustment;

71. A computer program product, comprising:

a computer-readable medium comprising code for:

72. A computer program product, comprising:

a computer-readable medium comprising code for:

receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising a transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and

applying the TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.

73. A computer program product, comprising:

a computer-readable medium comprising code for:

receiving an uplink (UL) grant for scheduling a UL transmission in a UL subframe, the UL grant comprising at least one transmit power control (TPC) command for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to be transmitted in the U^T «n > mm^p- determining to apply the at least one TPC command to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to be transmitted in the UL subframe; and

applying the at least one TPC command to the PUSCH in the UL subframe.