WO2015012407A1 - セルロースアシレートフィルム、新規化合物、偏光板および液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
セルロースアシレートフィルム、新規化合物、偏光板および液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015012407A1 WO2015012407A1 PCT/JP2014/069823 JP2014069823W WO2015012407A1 WO 2015012407 A1 WO2015012407 A1 WO 2015012407A1 JP 2014069823 W JP2014069823 W JP 2014069823W WO 2015012407 A1 WO2015012407 A1 WO 2015012407A1
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- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
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- C08L1/32—Cellulose ether-esters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cellulose acylate film, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device.
- the present invention relates to a cellulose acylate film useful as a polarizing plate protective film, a polarizing plate including the same, and a liquid crystal display device having the polarizing plate.
- the present invention further relates to a novel compound useful as an additive for cellulose acylate films.
- Cellulose acylate films are widely used as optical compensation films, protective films, substrate films, etc. for display devices such as liquid crystal display devices.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose to add an additive for improving the performance of such a cellulose acylate film.
- JP 2004-175971 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-272566
- Patent Document 1 describes that the strength of the entire cellulose acylate film can be improved by adding the additive described in this document, but does not disclose improvement in surface hardness.
- Patent Document 2 does not disclose any mechanical properties of the film.
- the present invention is intended to solve the problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a cellulose acylate film having excellent surface hardness.
- the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film can be improved by blending a compound having a specific structure into the cellulose acylate film, which is high. It has been newly found that a thin cellulose acylate film having a surface hardness can be provided.
- the present inventors have found that a compound having a linking group described below in a predetermined ratio and having a polar group interacts with a local site such as an ester bond or a hydroxyl group of cellulose acylate or a molecular chain. It is presumed that reducing the free volume contributes to improving the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides: A divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— and a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR—, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the aromatic heterocycle-containing group excluded from the polar group is a residue of a compound having a ClogP value of 0.85 or less and containing an aromatic heterocycle.
- An aromatic heterocycle refers to a cyclic structure containing a hetero atom in the aromatic ring.
- An example is a triazine ring.
- the divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— or —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR— is included in the polar group. Also good.
- the compound comprises at least one of the polar groups as a terminal substituent.
- the polar group is selected from the group consisting of a cyano group, a cyclic imide group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, and an alkylaminocarbonylamino group.
- the compound is a compound represented by the following general formula A.
- the compound represented by the general formula A is a compound represented by the following general formula A-1.
- Formula A-1 (Q 1 -L 11 -AL 21 ) m -Z 1
- L 11 and L 21 are each independently a single bond or an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, —C ( ⁇ O) —
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- Q 1 represents a substituent
- Z 1 represents an m-valent linking group
- A represents a group consisting of any one or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the linking group represented by Z 1 is a chain or cyclic aliphatic group or an aromatic group.
- At least one of L 11 , L 21 , Q 1 and Z 1 contains a cyclic structure.
- the polar group represented by at least one of a plurality of Q 1 has a cyclic structure.
- At least one of a plurality of Q 1 is a terminal group contained in the polar group, and the terminal group is an alkyl group.
- At least one of a plurality of Q 1 is a terminal group contained in the polar group, and L 11 adjacent to the terminal group Q 1 is a single bond,
- the polar group is constituted by Q 1 and A represented by * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—.
- m is 2 or 3.
- L 21 at least one structural unit of the structural units represented by presence of a plurality (Q 1 -L 11 -A-L 21) is a single bond, and, the In the structural unit, A represents * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X— and is bonded to Z 1 at the bonding position *.
- the compound is selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula A-4 and a compound represented by the following general formula A-5.
- L 1a and L 1b are each independently a single bond, an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination thereof.
- X represents a group consisting of two or more combinations; X represents —O— or —NR—, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- a plurality of X may be the same or different;
- Q 1a and Q 1b each independently represent a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a succinimide group, a hexahydrophthalimide group, a methoxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, an alkyl group -NR- when an aminocarbonyloxy group, an alkylaminocarbonylamino group, an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a benzyl group, or adjacent L 1a or L 1b represents a single bond and X represents —NR— -Represents a morpholino group formed together with R in the formula; provided that at least one of Q 1a and Q 1b represents the polar group or a terminal group contained in the polar group.
- the content of the compound in the cellulose acylate film is in the range of 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cellulose acylate.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a polarizing plate having the above cellulose acylate film and a polarizer.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having the polarizing plate.
- the liquid crystal display device has the polarizing plate at least on the viewing side.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula A-6 and having an equivalent U obtained as a value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of the linking groups contained in one molecule is 515 or less.
- Q 2a and Q 2b are each independently a cyano group, a methoxycarbonylamino group, an ethoxycarbonylamino group, a 1-propoxycarbonylamino group, a 2-propoxycarbonylamino group, or a methylaminocarbonyloxy group.
- X represents —O— or —NR 1 —, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; a plurality of X may be
- a further aspect of the present invention is the number of divalent linking groups represented by the following general formula A-7 and having a molecular weight of —X— (C ⁇ O) —NH— contained in one molecule. It is related with the compound whose equivalent U calculated
- one of Q 3a and Q 3b represents a cyano group, a succinimide group, or a hexahydrophthalimide group, and the other represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a benzyl group;
- L 3a and L 3b Each independently represents a single bond, or an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a group comprising a combination of two or more thereof;
- X represents —O— or -NR- represents that R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; a plurality of Xs may be the same or different.
- a further aspect of the present invention is the number of divalent linking groups represented by the following general formula A-8 and having a molecular weight of —X— (C ⁇ O) —NH— contained in one molecule. It is related with the compound whose equivalent U calculated
- a further aspect of the present invention is the number of divalent linking groups represented by the following general formula A-9 and having a molecular weight of —X— (C ⁇ O) —NH— contained in one molecule. It is related with the compound whose equivalent U calculated
- Formula A-9 Q 100- (L 100 -A 100 ) m1-Q 101
- L 100 represents a single bond, an alkylene group, * Represents a bonding position with another structure constituting the compound represented by Formula A-9, and one or more of L 100 present in a plural number represent a group other than a single bond;
- 100 and Q 101 each independently represents an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a cyano group;
- a 100 represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X -Represents a bonding position with L 100 ,
- X represents -O- or -NR-, R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent;
- m1 represents an integer in the range of 2-6.
- a cellulose acylate film having a high surface hardness can be provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cellulose acylate film in which yellowing (photocolorability) of the film due to light irradiation is suppressed and the added compound is less volatile. By using such a cellulose acylate film, it is possible to provide a high-quality polarizing plate having high durability and a liquid crystal display device including the same.
- the cellulose acylate film refers to a film having a cellulose acylate content of 50% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the film.
- the cellulose acylate content is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 80% by mass or more, and still more preferably 85% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the said cellulose acylate content rate is 99 mass% or less, for example, it is not specifically limited.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention may be in the form of a laminate film of cellulose acylate films having two or more different compositions, or may be in the form of a laminate film with a film or layer other than the cellulose acylate film. Good.
- Examples of the film or layer other than the cellulose acylate constituting the laminated film include various functional layers specialized for a specific function. An example of such a functional layer includes a hard coat layer described later, but is not limited thereto.
- the present inventors have made it possible for the linking group contained in a predetermined amount in the compound to interact with local sites and molecular chains such as ester bonds and hydroxyl groups of cellulose acylate, thereby reducing the free volume.
- the linking group contained in a predetermined amount in the compound contributes to the surface hardness improvement of a cellulose acylate film.
- the polar group contained in the compound together with the linking group improves the compatibility between the cellulose acylate and the compound, which contributes to strengthening the above-mentioned interaction.
- the above compound is useful as an additive for cellulose acylate film.
- an aromatic heterocycle-containing group that is a residue of a compound having a ClogP value of 0.85 or less is excluded from the polar group.
- the above compound is represented by a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— and —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR—, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- One or more linking groups selected from the group consisting of valent linking groups are contained in one molecule. Examples of the substituent represented by R include those described later as the substituent group T.
- the linking group is a group capable of interacting with cellulose acylate. And the said compound contains this coupling group in the ratio from which the equivalent U calculated
- required as U [(molecular weight) / (the number of the said coupling groups contained in one molecule)] will be 515 or less.
- the content rate of the said coupling group per molecule is so high that the value of equivalent U is small. Then, according to the compound having an equivalent U value of 515 or less and containing the polar group, a cellulose acylate film having a high surface hardness can be obtained.
- the value of the equivalent U is preferably 450 or less, more preferably 420 or less, and even more preferably 300 or less. Although it does not specifically limit about a lower limit, For example, it is 100 or more.
- the compound includes at least one linking group selected from the group described above, preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1 to 15, more preferably 1 to 10 in a molecule. Preferably, 2 to 8 are more preferably included. When a plurality of linking groups selected from the above group are included, they may all be the same or different. Even more preferably, there are 2 to 6 linking groups selected from the above group contained in one molecule.
- the compound includes two divalent linking groups represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— in one molecule.
- the compound contains one divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— and one —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR in one molecule.
- linking groups selected from the above group may be linked via other linking groups.
- another linking group is present between the linking groups selected from the above group.
- a linking group include a linking group represented by Z 1 or a linking group represented by Z 1 in the general formula A-1 described later.
- the linking group present between the linking groups selected from the above group preferably has a chain structure, a branched structure or a cyclic structure from the viewpoint of improving the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film. More preferred is a linking group having a chain structure or a cyclic aliphatic group, or an aromatic group.
- the cyclic structure may be a carbocycle or a heterocycle, and is preferably a carbocycle.
- a cyclohexane ring which may have a substituent or a benzene ring which may have a substituent is more preferable, and a cyclohexane ring having a substituent or an unsubstituted benzene ring is more preferable.
- the substituent in the present invention is a substituent selected from the following substituent group T.
- substituent substituted on the cyclic structure include an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (eg, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a 1-propyl group, a 2-propyl group (isopropyl group), preferably a methyl group), Examples thereof include an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (for example, methoxy, ethoxy group, etc.).
- Substituent group T An alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, 1-propyl group, 2-propyl group, tert-butyl) Group, n-octyl group, n-decyl group, n-hexadecyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl group, etc.), alkenyl group (preferably 2-20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2-12 carbon atoms).
- alkynyl group preferably having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 12, particularly preferably 2 to 8, for example, propargyl group, 3-pentynyl group, etc.
- aryl group preferably having 6 carbon atoms 30, more preferably 6 to 20, particularly preferably 6 to 12, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a naphthyl group), an amino group (preferably having 0 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 0).
- alkoxy group preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, More preferably, it is 1 to 12, particularly preferably 1 to 8, and examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a butoxy group, etc.
- an aryloxy group preferably having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 6 carbon atoms.
- 16, particularly preferably 6 to 12 examples thereof include a phenyloxy group and a 2-naphthyloxy group), an acyl group (preferably Or an alkylcarbonyl group (preferably an acetyl group, a benzoyl group, a formyl group, a pivaloyl group, etc.), an alkoxycarbonyl group (preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-16, particularly preferably 1-12).
- an alkylcarbonyl group preferably an acetyl group, a benzoyl group, a formyl group, a pivaloyl group, etc.
- an alkoxycarbonyl group preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-16, particularly preferably 1-12.
- the number of carbon atoms is 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 16, particularly preferably 2 to 12, and examples thereof include a methoxycarbonyl group and an ethoxycarbonyl group.
- An aryloxycarbonyl group preferably a carbon number of 7 to 20, more preferably 7 to 16, particularly preferably 7 to 10, for example, phenyloxycarbonyl group, etc.
- acyloxy group preferably having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 16, especially Preferably, it is 2 to 10, and examples thereof include an acetoxy group and a benzoyloxy group.
- Acyl An amino group preferably having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include an acetylamino group and a benzoylamino group.
- An alkoxycarbonylamino group (preferably having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 16 and particularly preferably 2 to 12, such as methoxycarbonylamino group), aryloxycarbonylamino group ( The number of carbon atoms is preferably 7 to 20, more preferably 7 to 16, particularly preferably 7 to 12, and examples thereof include a phenyloxycarbonylamino group, and the like, and a sulfonylamino group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms).
- sulfamoyl group preferably 0 to 12, such as sulfamoyl group, methyl A sulfamoyl group, a dimethylsulfamoyl group, a phenylsulfamoyl group, etc.
- a carbamoyl group preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, A carbamoyl group, a methylcarbamoyl group, a diethylcarbamoyl group, a phenylcarbamoyl group, etc.
- an alkylthio group preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Methylthio group, ethylthio group, etc.
- arylthio group preferably 6-20, more preferably 6-16, particularly preferably 6-12, such as pheny
- a sulfonyl group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 carbon atoms, Are preferably 1 to 12, for example, mesyl group, tosyl group, etc.), sulfinyl group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 and particularly preferably 1 to 12; For example, methanesulfinyl group, benzenesulfinyl group, etc.), urethane group, ureido group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16, particularly preferably 1 to 12, such as ureido group, Methylureido group, phenylureido group, etc.), phosphoric acid amide group (preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16, particularly preferably 1 to 12, such as diethylphosphoric acid amide, Phenyl phosphoric acid amide etc.), hydroxyl group, mercapto group, halogen
- a silyl group (preferably having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 3 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a trimethylsilyl group and a triphenylsilyl group).
- substituents may be further substituted.
- when there are two or more substituents they may be the same or different. If possible, they may be linked together to form a ring.
- the linking group selected from the above group is linked to another structure constituting the compound by a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom.
- This linking group is preferably an alkylene group from the viewpoint of suppression of photocolorability. The details of the alkylene group are as described later for the alkylene group represented by L 1 and L 2 in Formula A. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing photo-colorability, it is preferable that the linking group selected from the above group does not have a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom directly connected to the aromatic ring.
- two or more linking groups selected from the above group are not directly connected to the same aromatic ring.
- the said compound contains a polar group with the coupling group chosen from the group demonstrated above.
- the polar group is a residue of a compound having a ClogP value of 0.85 or less.
- P in ClogP represents a partition coefficient in an n-octanol-water system, and can be measured using n-octanol and water.
- the estimated value can also be obtained using a CLOGP program incorporated in PC Models.
- the ClogP value is calculated as a compound. For this calculation, the residue for which ClogP is to be determined is entered as a complete molecule, not as a radical or ion.
- residues B 1 and B 2 are determined as B 1 -H and B 2 -H moieties together with hydrogen atoms.
- the ClogP value can be obtained as a value estimated by a computational chemical method or an empirical method.
- the above compound contains at least one polar group, which is a residue of a compound having a ClogP value of 0.85 or less, in one molecule. It is considered that the inclusion of such a polar group makes the interaction between the compound and cellulose acetate strong, contributing to the improvement of the surface hardness of the resulting cellulose acylate film.
- the number of polar groups contained in one molecule is preferably 1 to 3 and more preferably 2 or 3 in consideration of compatibility with cellulose acylate.
- at least one polar group is preferably present as a terminal substituent.
- the substituent of the group represented by R in —NR—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— may contain a polar group.
- R contains a cyano group
- the cyano group is preferably bonded to the nitrogen atom constituting —NR— via an alkylene group (eg, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- the above-mentioned ClogP value is preferably 0.50 or less, more preferably 0.30 or less, and even more preferably 0 or less.
- the ClogP value of the polar group is more preferably ⁇ 5.0 or more.
- cyano group, cyclic or chain imide group for example, phthalimide group, succinimide group, hexahydrophthalimide group, etc.
- nitro group for example, hydroxyl group, sulfonamide group, carbonamide group, carboxyl group, amino group A group, — (NR) n1- (C ⁇ O) —OR (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, two Rs may be the same or different, and n1 represents 0 or 1).
- a cyano group, an imide group, an alkoxycarbonyl group (— (C ⁇ O) —OR 100 where R 100 represents an alkyl group), a hydroxyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyloxy group (—O— (C ⁇ O ) —NR—R 100 , wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and R 100 represents an alkyl group), an alkoxycarbonylamino group (—NR— (C ⁇ O) —OR 100 (where R is a hydrogen atom) An atom or a substituent, R 100 represents an alkyl group), an alkylaminocarbonylamino group (—NR— (C ⁇ O) —NR—R 100 , wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, R may be the same or different, and R 100 represents an alkyl group).
- the imide group a cyclic imide group is preferable.
- the cyclic imide group is preferably a succinimide group, a phthalimide group, or a hexahydrophthalimide group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 100 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- R 100 is a methylaminocarbonyloxy group in which R 100 is a methyl group and R is a hydrogen atom is more preferable.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably a R 100 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, methoxycarbonyl group R 100 is a methyl group is more preferable.
- the alkoxycarbonylamino group is preferably a R 100 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, methoxycarbonylamino group R 100 is a methyl group is more preferable.
- the alkyl aminocarbonylamino group is preferably a R 100 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, methylaminocarbonyl amino group R 100 is a methyl group is more preferable.
- the compound when the compound has a polar group selected from the group consisting of an alkylaminocarbonyloxy group and an alkylaminocarbonylamino group as one terminal substituent, the other terminal substituent is included in the cyclic imide group. It is preferable not to include a ring structure other than the ring structure.
- the said compound contains at least 1 cyclic structure from a viewpoint of the surface hardness improvement of the cellulose acylate film obtained.
- the cyclic structure is included in a linking group present between the linking groups selected from the above group as described above, or an embodiment in which the cyclic structure exists as a terminal substituent is preferable.
- the other terminal substituents include a cyclic structure.
- the above-described divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— and the divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR— are used.
- the polar group preferably does not contain a cyclic structure. Or it is also preferable that the above-mentioned polar group has a cyclic structure.
- a cyclic imide group is preferable as described above.
- the cyclic polar group is preferably present as a terminal substituent.
- preferable examples of the cyclic group that does not correspond to the polar group include cyclic aliphatic groups or aromatic groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the terminal cyclic group that does not correspond to the polar group described above may be a condensed ring, but is preferably a single ring.
- Specific examples include aliphatic rings (such as cyclohexane rings), aromatic carbocycles (such as benzene rings and naphthalene rings), and heterocycles (such as morpholine rings, piperidine rings, and piperazine rings).
- aliphatic rings such as cyclohexane rings
- aromatic carbocycles such as benzene rings and naphthalene rings
- heterocycles such as morpholine rings, piperidine rings, and piperazine rings.
- an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms (more preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 6 to 10) is preferable, and a benzene ring is particularly preferable. That is, the terminal cyclic group that does not correspond to the above-described polar group is preferably a phenyl group.
- the phenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, and is preferably unsubstituted.
- the cyclic group that does not correspond to the above-mentioned polar group includes a cyclic group formed with a substituent represented by R of a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR— (including Nitrogen heterocyclic group).
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group thus formed is preferably a nitrogen-containing 6-membered heterocyclic group, and more preferably a morpholino group.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group may have a substituent or may be unsubstituted. An unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group is preferable.
- Examples of the substituent substituted on the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group include those exemplified in the above-mentioned substituent group T.
- the cyclic structure contained in the linking group is as described for Z 1 contained in the general formula A-1 described later.
- Patent Document 2 describes an additive for improving the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of the film, when the film is thinned, the whitening of the film due to volatilization may occur. there were. Therefore, from the viewpoint of providing a cellulose acylate film having high transparency, it is desirable that a compound used as an additive for a cellulose acylate film has low volatility. In this regard, in one embodiment, the compound can exhibit low volatility. From the viewpoint of further reducing volatilization, the molecular weight of the compound is preferably 230 or more, more preferably 250 or more, further preferably 300 or more, and even more preferably 350 or more. .
- the molecular weight of the compound is preferably 2000 or less, and more preferably 1500 or less.
- molecular weight shall mean a weight average molecular weight.
- the average molecular weight in the present invention refers to an average molecular weight measured in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Examples of specific measurement conditions include the following measurement conditions. The average molecular weight shown in the Examples described later is a value measured under the following measurement conditions.
- GPC device HLC-8320 (manufactured by Tosoh): Column: TSK gel SuperHZM-H, TSK gel SuperHZ4000, TSK gel SuperHZ2000 combined use (manufactured by Tosoh, 4.6 mm ID (inner diameter) x 15.0 cm) Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
- a preferred embodiment of the compound described above is a compound represented by the following general formula A.
- X represents —O— or —NR—
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- L 1 and L 2 are each independently a single bond, or an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof A group consisting of a combination is represented.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Q A and Q B each independently represent a substituent, and at least one of Q A and Q B represents the polar group or represents a terminal group contained in the substituent.
- X represents —NR—
- L 1 represents a single bond
- Q A contains a cyclic structure
- the cyclic structure contained in Q A is a cyclic structure formed together with R in —NR— Also good.
- X represents —O— or —NR—.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and examples of the substituent include those selected from the substituent group T described above. Among these, as a substituent, the alkyl group and aryl group which may be substituted are preferable, and the alkyl group substituted by the cyano group which is a polar group is more preferable.
- a linking group selected from the above group specifically, —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —O—, —O—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or —NH—C ( ⁇ O) — It is sufficient that at least one divalent linking group represented by NR—, —NR—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— is contained.
- the number of linking groups selected from the above group is as described above.
- all the connecting groups selected from the above group present in the compound may be the same or different.
- Q A and Q B each independently represent a substituent, and at least one of Q A and Q B represents the above polar group or represents a terminal group contained in the above polar group. Details of the polar group are as described above. In one aspect, when one of Q A and Q B represents the above polar group or includes the above polar group, the other is preferably a substituent having a cyclic structure. The details are as described above.
- L 1 and L 2 are each independently a single bond, or an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof A group consisting of a combination is represented.
- L 1, or L 2 represents, or the alkylene group contained in L 1, L 2, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group may be linear, branched or cyclic.
- the alkylene group examples include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a cyclohexylene group, a 2,2′-methylenebis (cyclohexylene) group, and a hexahydroxyrylene group. It is done.
- the alkylene group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent that the alkylene group may have include the following substituent group T. Among these, as a substituent which an alkylene group has, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, and a carbonyl group are preferable.
- the linear or branched alkylene group is more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, or an isopropylene group. Even more preferred.
- As the cyclic alkylene group an alkylene group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkylene group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- cyclohexylene group a cyclohexylene group having a substituent is preferable, and an alkyl-substituted cyclohexylene group is more preferable.
- Examples of preferable alkyl-substituted cyclohexylene groups include those having the following structures. In the following, * represents a bonding position with another structure constituting the compound represented by the general formula A.
- alkyl-substituted cyclohexylene group the following hexahydroxyrylene group can be exemplified.
- Specific examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a xylylene group, a biphenylene group, a naphthylene group, and a 2,2′-methylenebisphenyl group.
- the arylene group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent that the arylene group may have include the following substituent group T.
- an arylene group As a substituent which an arylene group has, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, and a carbonyl group are preferable. More preferable arylene groups include a xylylene group and a tetramethylxylylene group.
- L 1 and L 2 represent an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a group consisting of a combination of two or more thereof
- a group comprising any one of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof is preferable.
- the main chain portion preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Specific preferred examples of the groups represented by L 1 and L 2 include alkylene groups and structures represented by the following general formulas (2A) to (2E).
- Formula (2A)- ⁇ (CR 21 R 22 ) ja -O- (C O) ⁇ jb- *
- Formula (2C)- ⁇ (CR 21 R 22 ) ja- (C O) -O- ⁇ jb- *
- Formula (2D)- ⁇ (CR 21 R 22 ) ja -NR 1 (C O) -O ⁇ jb- *
- Formula (2E)- ⁇ (CR 21 R 22 ) ja -O- (C O) -NR 1- ⁇ jb- *
- * represents a bonding position with the substituent represented by Q A or Q B
- R 21 and R 22 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 1 to 3
- Each of ja and jb independently represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably
- R 21 and R 22 are all hydrogen atoms, or R 21 or R At least one of 22 is preferably an alkyl group.
- R 1 in —NR 1 — represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and examples of the substituent include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and an acyl group, and a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Q A is a monovalent substituent represented by the following general formula (a), or a substituent in which one or more of the monovalent substituents are bonded to L 1 via a linking group. It is also preferable that there is.
- Formula (a) * -L 1 -X 1 -C ( O) -X 2 -L 2 -Q B
- Q B is a monovalent substituent represented by the following general formula (b), or a substituent in which one or more of the monovalent substituents are bonded to L 2 via a linking group. It is also preferable that there is.
- * is a bonding position with another structure constituting the compound represented by the general formula A
- Q A , Q B , L 1 and L 2 are respectively
- One of X 1 and X 2 represents —NH—, the other represents —O— or —NR—, and R has the same meaning as in Formula A.
- Examples of the linking group include those described for Z 1 in formula A-1.
- G represents an atomic group that forms a cyclic structure with the connecting nitrogen atom
- L 2 and Q B have the same meaning as in the general formula A, respectively.
- the cyclic structure (nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring) formed by G is a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, and preferably a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 6-membered heterocyclic ring. More preferred is a morpholino group. As described above, the nitrogen-containing heterocycle is preferably unsubstituted.
- the compound represented by the general formula A and having an unsubstituted morpholino group is represented by the following general formula Aa1.
- L 2 and Q B are as defined in general formula A, respectively.
- Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula A include compounds represented by the following general formula A-1.
- Formula A-1 (Q 1 -L 11 -AL 21 ) m -Z 1
- L 11 and L 21 are each independently a single bond, or any of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, and —C ( ⁇ O) —. Or a group consisting of a combination of two or more of these.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Q 1 is a substituted group
- Z 1 represents a m-valent linking group
- A represents a single bond
- X represents —O— or —NR—
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- m represents an integer in the range of 2 to 6, and a plurality of Q 1 , A, L 11 and L 21 may be the same as or different from each other.
- at least one A represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—.
- At least one Q 1 represents the polar group or a terminal group contained in the polar group.
- A represents * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—
- X represents —NR—
- L 11 represents a single bond
- Q 1 represents a cyclic structure.
- the cyclic structure contained in Q 1 may be a cyclic structure formed together with R in —NR—.
- L 11 and L 21 are each independently synonymous with L 1 and L 2 in General Formula A, and the details of preferred embodiments and the like are also the same.
- Q 1 represents a substituent, and preferably represents the aforementioned polar group or a terminal group contained in the aforementioned polar group. Preferred polar groups are as described above. Further, if either the m Q 1 is that it is preferable to represent a terminal group contained in the polar group or the above represents a polar group as described above, in one embodiment, both represent a polar group of the above, whereas Preferably represents the above-mentioned polar group and the other represents a terminal group contained in the above-mentioned polar group, or both represent terminal groups contained in the above-mentioned polar group, and the polarities contained in m Q 1 More preferably, all of the groups are the polar groups described above as preferred.
- any one of the m Q 1 s represents the above-mentioned polar group, or represents a terminal group included in the above-mentioned polar group, and the other Q 1 represents a substituent having a cyclic structure.
- the polar group is the above-described polar group described as preferred. The details of the substituent containing the cyclic structure are as described above.
- the terminal group in one embodiment, is preferably an alkyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula A-1 also preferably contains a cyclic structure in the molecule.
- at least one of Q 1 and Z 1 preferably contains a cyclic structure, and at least Z 1 preferably contains.
- the cyclic structure that can be included in Z 1 will be described later.
- the cyclic structure that can be included in Q 1 is as described above.
- A represents a single bond, * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH—, or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—.
- at least one of a plurality of A represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—.
- X has the same meaning as X in formula A. That is, at least one of a plurality of A represents a linking group selected from the above group.
- the compound represented by the general formula A-1 is represented by (Q 1 -L 11 -AL 21 ). There are a plurality (m) of structural units.
- Z 1 represents an m-valent linking group. Since m is an integer in the range of 2 to 6, Z 1 is a divalent to hexavalent linking group. A divalent linking group is preferable, and a divalent linking group is more preferable.
- Z 1 is preferably a group containing at least one of a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic group and an aromatic group, and contains at least one of a linear or cyclic aliphatic group and an aromatic group More preferably, it is a group.
- Z 1 may consist of at least one of a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic group and an aromatic group, or one or more of these groups and an oxygen atom, a linear or branched alkylene group It is also preferable to be a combination.
- the aliphatic group contained as Z 1 is preferably a saturated aliphatic group. By using a group containing at least one of a branched or cyclic aliphatic group and aromatic group, a rigid structure is obtained and the hardness tends to be improved.
- the number of carbon atoms constituting Z 1 is preferably 3-20, and more preferably 4-15.
- Z 1 may have a substituent, and specific examples of the substituent include the substituent group T described above.
- Z 1 contains a cyclic aliphatic group
- the cyclic aliphatic group preferably has a substituent.
- the aromatic group preferably has no substituent.
- Z 1 is preferably a linking group exemplified below. Note that * represents a position (directly connected to A if the L 21 represents a single bond) bond to L 21.
- Z 1 preferably includes a cyclic structure, and more preferably a group including at least one of a cyclic aliphatic group and an aromatic group.
- the cyclic structure contained in Z 1 include a cyclohexane ring which may have a substituent and a benzene ring which may have a substituent, or a linking group (preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- a group bonded via each other is preferred. More preferably, it is a cyclohexylene group which may have a substituent, a phenylene group which may have a substituent, or a xylylene group which may have a substituent.
- the cyclic structure contained in Z 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O—, and —NH— (C ⁇ O )
- a cyclohexane ring having one or more selected from the group consisting of a divalent linking group represented by —NR— as a substituent, or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O
- a benzene ring having one or more selected from the group consisting of a divalent linking group represented by — and a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR— as a substituent.
- both terminal groups of the compound represented by the general formula A-1 include a cyclic structure, and it is also preferable not to include it.
- Z 1 is preferably a linear aliphatic group, more preferably an alkylene group, Z 1 is an alkylene group, and both ends of the compound represented by Formula A-1 More preferably, at least one of the groups does not contain a cyclic structure, Z 1 is an alkylene group, and it is more preferred that both terminal groups of the compound represented by formula A-1 do not contain a cyclic structure.
- a preferred embodiment of the compound represented by the general formula A-1 is a compound represented by the following general formula A-2.
- Q 2 represents a substituent
- L 31 and L 41 each independently represent a single bond, or an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —NR 1 —, —S—, — It represents a group consisting of any one of C ( ⁇ O) — or a combination of two or more thereof.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- A represents a single bond, * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH—, or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—, and * represents a bonding position with L 41 .
- R 11 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. a represents an integer in the range of 0 to 10.
- a plurality of R 11 may be the same or different from each other.
- m1 represents 2 or 3
- a plurality of Q 2 , L 31 , L 41 and A may be the same as or different from each other.
- at least one A represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—.
- At least one of a plurality of Q 2 represents the above polar group or represents a terminal group contained in the above polar group.
- Q 2 represents a substituent, and at least one of a plurality of Q 2 represents the above-described polar group.
- Q 2 has the same meaning as Q 1 in formula A-1, and the preferred range is also the same.
- L 31 and L 41 are each independently synonymous with L 11 and L 21 in formula A-1, and their preferred ranges are also the same.
- R 11 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a 1-propyl group, and a 2-propyl group.
- R 11 is preferably a methyl group.
- M1 represents 2 or 3, and 2 is preferable.
- a represents an integer of 0 to 10, preferably 0 to 5, more preferably 0 to 3, and still more preferably 1 to 3.
- Q 3 represents a substituent
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- A represents a single bond, * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH—, or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—, and * represents a bonding position with L 61 .
- R 12 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and b represents an integer in the range of 0 to 5.
- a plurality of R 12 may be the same as or different from each other.
- m2 represents 2 or 3
- a plurality of Q 3 , L 51 , L 61 and A may be the same as or different from each other.
- at least one of a plurality of A represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—
- at least one of a plurality of Q 3 represents The above-mentioned polar group is represented or the terminal group contained in the above-mentioned polar group is represented.
- Q 3 represents a substituent, and at least one of a plurality of Q 3 includes the above-described polar group.
- Q 3 has the same meaning as Q 1 in formula A-1, and the preferred range is also the same.
- L 51 and L 61 are each independently synonymous with L 11 and L 21 in formula A-1, and their preferred ranges are also the same.
- R 12 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a 1-propyl group, and a 2-propyl group.
- R 12 is preferably a methyl group.
- M2 represents 2 or 3, and 2 is preferable.
- b represents an integer of 0 to 5, more preferably 0 to 3, and particularly preferably 0.
- Preferred embodiments of the compound represented by the general formula A-2 include compounds represented by the following general formula A-4.
- Preferred embodiments of the compound represented by the general formula A-3 include A compound represented by the general formula A-5 can be given.
- L 1a and L 1b are each independently a single bond, an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or two of these A group consisting of the above combinations is represented.
- X represents —O— or —NR—, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. A plurality of X may be the same or different.
- Q 1a and Q 1b are each independently a cyano group, hydroxyl group, succinimide group, hexahydrophthalimide group, methoxycarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, alkylaminocarbonyloxy group, alkylaminocarbonylamino group, alkyl group, phenyl group Or a benzyl group, or a morpholino group formed together with R in —NR— when adjacent L 1a or L 1b represents a single bond and X represents —NR—.
- at least one of Q 1a and Q 1b represents the above-mentioned polar group or represents a terminal group contained in the above-mentioned polar group.
- L 1a and L 1b each independently represent a single bond, or a group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the alkylene group is as described above for the alkylene group contained in L 1 and L 2 of the general formula A.
- the main chain portion preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Q 1a and Q 1b are each independently a cyano group, hydroxyl group, succinimide group, hexahydrophthalimide group, methoxycarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, alkylaminocarbonyloxy group, alkylaminocarbonylamino group, alkyl group, phenyl group Or a benzyl group or the morpholino group described above. However, at least one represents the above-mentioned polar group or represents a terminal group contained in the above-mentioned polar group.
- Preferred combinations of Q 1a and Q 1b include the following combinations.
- X has the same meaning as X in formula A-1, and the preferred range is also the same.
- Examples of preferred embodiments of the compound represented by the general formula A-4 include compounds represented by the following general formula A-6. Examples of preferred embodiments of the compound represented by the general formula A-5 Examples thereof include a compound represented by the following general formula A-7 and a compound represented by the following general formula A-8.
- Q 2a and Q 2b are each independently a cyano group, methoxycarbonylamino group, ethoxycarbonylamino group, 1-propoxycarbonylamino group, 2-propoxycarbonylamino group, methylaminocarbonyloxy group
- both Q 2a and Q 2b represent a cyano group.
- L 2a and L 2b each independently represent a single bond or a group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- X represents —O— or —NR 1 —, and R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Multiple Xs may be the same or different
- one of Q 3a and Q 3b represents a cyano group, a succinimide group, or a hexahydrophthalimide group, and the other represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a benzyl group.
- one of Q 3a and Q 3b represents a cyano group and the other represents a phenyl group.
- both Q 3a and Q 3b preferably do not contain a cyano group.
- the other when one of Q 3a and Q 3b is a cyano group-substituted alkyl group, the other is preferably a succinimide group or a hexahydrophthalimide group.
- the other when one of Q 3a and Q 3b is a cyano group, the other is preferably a phenyl group or a benzyl group.
- the alkyl group is an unsubstituted alkyl group in one embodiment, and a substituted alkyl group in another embodiment. Examples of substituted alkyl groups include arylcarbonylalkyl groups such as benzoylalkyl groups, aryloxyalkyl groups such as phenyloxyalkyl groups, and the like.
- L 3a and L 3b each independently represent a single bond or a group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- X represents —O— or —NR—, R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; a plurality of X may be the same or different.
- Q 4a and Q 4b each independently represent a methoxycarbonylamino group, an ethoxycarbonylamino group, a 1-propoxycarbonylamino group, a 2-propoxycarbonylamino group, a methylaminocarbonyloxy group, or ethylaminocarbonyl.
- L 4a and L 4b each independently represent a single bond, or a group consisting of an alkylene group, an arylene group, —O—, —C ( ⁇ O) —, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- X represents —O— or —NR—, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. A plurality of X may be the same or different.
- L 2a , L 2b , L 3a , L 3b , L 4a , and L 4b in general formulas A-6, A-7, and A-8 are L 1a and L in general formulas A-4 and A-5, respectively. It is synonymous with 1b and the preferred range is also the same.
- X in the general formulas A-6, A-7 and A-8 has the same meaning as X in the general formula A-1, and the preferred range is also the same.
- examples of preferable embodiments of the compound represented by the general formula A-1 include compounds represented by the following general formula A-9.
- L 100 represents a single bond, an alkylene group, * Represents a bonding position with another structure constituting the compound represented by formula A-9.
- L 100 present in a plural number represent a group other than a single bond.
- Q 100 and Q 101 each independently represents an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a cyano group.
- a 100 represents * —X—C ( ⁇ O) —NH— or * —NH—C ( ⁇ O) —X—, and * represents a bonding position with L 100 .
- X represents —O— or —NR—
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- m1 represents an integer in the range of 2-6.
- a plurality of L 100 and A 100 may be the same or different.
- the alkylene group represented by L 100 in formula A-9 is as described above for the alkylene groups represented by L 1 and L 2 in formula A-9.
- the alkyl group represented by Q 100 and Q 101 in formula A-9 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- X in general formula A-9 has the same meaning as X in general formula A-1, and the preferred range is also the same.
- U [(molecular weight) / (bivalent linking group represented by NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— contained in one molecule and —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR
- the number of linking groups represented by the formula (-), wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a divalent linking group that represents a substituent, is determined to be 515 or less.
- the preferable range of the equivalent U is as described above.
- —C 3 H 6 — is —CH (CH 3 ) —CH 2 — or —CH 2 —CH (CH 3 ) —.
- the above compound can be produced by a known method. For example, it can be obtained by addition reaction of alcohol or amine to alkyl or aryl isocyanate. In addition reaction of alcohol or amine to alkyl or aryl isocyanate, it is also preferable to use a catalyst.
- a catalyst metal organic acid salts or metal chelate compounds such as amines, zinc and tin, organic compounds such as zinc, tin and bismuth are used.
- Conventionally known urethanization catalysts such as metal compounds can be used.
- the urethanization catalyst for example, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate and the like are preferably used.
- a component for introducing a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —O— and a group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NR— are represented.
- a component for introducing a divalent linking group is used in combination, a structure containing only one of the two linking groups (so-called symmetric structure) and a structure containing both of them (so-called asymmetric structure) may be obtained.
- asymmetric structures a mixture of compounds having different numbers of the above-mentioned linking groups may be obtained.
- cellulose acylate film manufacture in the state of the mixture of a symmetrical structure compound and an asymmetrical structure compound, or the mixture of the compound from which the number of the said connection group contained differs, respectively.
- a compound having the target structure can be purified from the mixture by a known method and used as a single product.
- a combination of a polyvalent isocyanate (diisocyanate, triisocyanate, etc.) and a monovalent alcohol a combination of a polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent isocyanate, a polyvalent isocyanate (diisocyanate, triisocyanate).
- a combination of an isocyanate, etc.) and a monovalent amine a combination of a polyvalent amine and a monovalent isocyanate, and a combination of an amino alcohol and a monovalent isocyanate can be preferably used.
- polyvalent isocyanate component examples include aliphatic diisocyanates such as ethylene diisocyanate, trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, p ⁇ p'- Examples include, but are not limited to, aromatic diisocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, and m-xylylene diisocyanate.
- aromatic diisocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, and m-xylylene diisocyanate.
- aliphatic diisocyanate and m-xylylene diisocyanate whose conjugated system is cleaved are preferable from the viewpoint of suppression of photocoloring.
- monovalent isocyanate components include, but are not limited to, phenyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate and the like.
- polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, Examples include 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, and glycerin.
- Examples of monohydric alcohols include cyanoethanol, 2-hydroxyethyl succinimide, 2-hydroxyethyl phthalimide and the like.
- the alcohol component preferably contains an aromatic ring, and examples thereof include benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, and phenoxyethanol.
- polyvalent amines examples include ethylenediamine, xylylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, and the like.
- monovalent amines examples include iminodiacetonitrile, iminodipropionitrile, glycine, N-methylglycine and the like. Further, benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, morpholine, piperidine and the like can also be used.
- amino alcohols examples include 2-aminoethanol and 1-amino-2-propanol.
- the overall degree of hydrophilicity of the compound can be expressed as a ClogP value.
- ClogP is as described above.
- ClogP of the above compound is preferably ⁇ 1.0 to 12.0, more preferably 0.0 to 10.0, and further preferably 1.0 to 8.0.
- the melting point of the above compound is preferably ⁇ 50 to 250 ° C., and more preferably ⁇ 30 to 200 ° C. By setting it as such a range, it exists in the tendency for the effect of this invention to be exhibited more effectively.
- the degree of substitution of cellulose acylate means the ratio of acylation of three hydroxyl groups present in the structural unit of cellulose (glucose having a ( ⁇ ) 1,4-glycoside bond).
- the degree of substitution can be calculated by measuring the amount of bound fatty acid per unit mass of cellulose.
- the degree of substitution of the cellulose body is determined from the peak intensity ratio of the carbonyl carbon in the acyl group by dissolving the cellulose body in a solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide substituted with deuterium and measuring the 13 C-NMR spectrum. This can be calculated.
- the degree of substitution of the cellulose acylate used in the present invention is preferably 1.5 or more and 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.00 to 2.97, and 2.50 or more and less than 2.97. More preferably, it is more preferably 2.70 to 2.95.
- the degree of substitution is preferably 2.0 or more and 3.0 or less in terms of the effect of improving the surface hardness by the above compound, It is more preferably 2.3 to 3.0, further preferably 2.60 to 3.0, still more preferably 2.6 to 2.97, and 2.70 to 2.95. Particularly preferred.
- the acyl group of cellulose acylate that can be used in the present invention is particularly preferably an acetyl group, a propionyl group, or a butyryl group, and more preferably an acetyl group.
- a mixed fatty acid ester composed of two or more kinds of acyl groups can also be preferably used as the cellulose acylate in the present invention.
- the acyl group is preferably an acetyl group and an acyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the degree of substitution when an acetyl group is included as an acyl group is preferably less than 2.5, and more preferably less than 1.9.
- the degree of substitution is preferably 0.1 to 1.5, more preferably 0.2 to 1.2, and 0.5 to 1 .1 is particularly preferred.
- two types of cellulose acylates having different substituents and / or degree of substitution may be used in combination, mixed, or from a plurality of layers composed of different cellulose acylates by the co-casting method described later.
- a film may be formed.
- mixed acid esters having fatty acid acyl groups and substituted or unsubstituted aromatic acyl groups described in paragraphs 0023 to 0038 of JP-A-2008-20896 can also be preferably used in the present invention.
- the cellulose acylate used in the present invention preferably has a mass average polymerization degree of 250 to 800, more preferably 300 to 600.
- the cellulose acylate used in the present invention preferably has a number average molecular weight of 40000 to 230,000, more preferably a number average molecular weight of 60000 to 230,000, and most preferably a number average molecular weight of 75,000 to 200000. preferable.
- the cellulose acylate used in the present invention can be synthesized using an acid anhydride or acid chloride as an acylating agent.
- an organic acid for example, acetic acid
- methylene chloride is used as a reaction solvent.
- a protic catalyst such as sulfuric acid can be used as the catalyst.
- the acylating agent is an acid chloride
- a basic compound can be used as a catalyst.
- cellulose is an organic acid corresponding to acetyl group and other acyl groups (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid) or their acid anhydrides (acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, butyric anhydride).
- Cellulose acylate is synthesized by esterification with a mixed organic acid component containing.
- cellulose such as cotton linter and wood pulp is activated with an organic acid such as acetic acid, and then in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst, the mixture of organic acid components as described above is used. Often esterified.
- the organic acid anhydride component is generally used in excess relative to the amount of hydroxyl groups present in the cellulose.
- a hydrolysis reaction depolymerization reaction
- the degree of polymerization of the cellulose acylate is lowered, and the physical properties of the cellulose acylate film to be produced are lowered.
- the reaction conditions such as the reaction temperature are preferably determined in consideration of the degree of polymerization and molecular weight of the cellulose acylate obtained.
- Addition amount of the compound represented by the general formula A is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cellulose acylate. It is preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 4 to 15 parts by mass. Two or more of the above compounds may be added. Also when adding 2 or more types, the specific example and preferable range of addition amount are the same as the above.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention may contain other additives in addition to cellulose acylate and the above compound.
- additives include known plasticizers, organic acids, dyes, polymers, retardation adjusting agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, matting agents, and the like.
- the total amount of these components is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on cellulose acylate.
- the method for producing the cellulose acylate film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably produced by a melt casting method or a solution casting method (solvent casting method), and a solution casting method (solvent casting method). Is more preferable. Examples of production of a cellulose acylate film using a solvent cast method are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,336,310, 2,367,603, 2,492,078, and 2,492. No. 977, No. 2,492,978, No. 2,607,704, No. 2,739,069 and No. 2,739,070, British Patent No. 640731 and Refer to each specification of No.
- the cellulose acylate film may be subjected to a stretching treatment.
- the stretching method and conditions refer to, for example, JP-A-62-115035, JP-A-4-152125, 4-284221, 4-298310, and 11-48271. can do.
- a solution casting method As a solution casting method, a method in which the prepared dope is uniformly extruded from a pressure die onto a metal support, and a method using a doctor blade in which the dope once cast on the metal support is adjusted with a blade is used. There is a method using a reverse roll coater that adjusts with a reverse rotating roll, and a method using a pressure die is preferable.
- the pressure die includes a coat hanger type and a T die type, and any of them can be preferably used. In addition to the methods listed here, it can be carried out by various methods for casting a cellulose acylate solution known in the art. Can be set.
- a lamination casting method such as co-casting method, sequential casting method, coating method, etc. It is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of reducing production costs.
- a lamination casting method such as co-casting method, sequential casting method, coating method, etc. It is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of reducing production costs.
- a cellulose acetate solution (dope) for each layer is prepared.
- the dope for casting of each layer (which may be three layers or more) is simultaneously pressed from another slit or the like on a casting support (band or drum).
- a co-casting giusa three layers of the surface layer dope and the core layer dope can be extruded simultaneously on the casting support.
- the casting dope for the first layer is first extruded from the casting giusa on the casting support, cast, and dried on the second layer without drying or drying.
- the dope for casting is extruded from the casting gear, and if necessary, the dope is successively cast and laminated to the third layer or more, and peeled off from the support at an appropriate time and dried.
- This is a casting method for forming a cellulose acylate film.
- the core layer is formed into a film by a solution casting method, a coating solution is prepared to be applied to the surface layer, and the core layer is applied to each side or both sides simultaneously using an appropriate applicator.
- a liquid is applied and dried to form a cellulose acylate film having a laminated structure.
- a cellulose acylate film having a high surface hardness can be obtained by incorporating the above-mentioned compound into any one or more of these layers or all of them.
- Extension process In the manufacturing method of a cellulose acylate film, it is preferable to include the process of extending
- the stretching direction of the cellulose acylate film is preferably either the cellulose acylate film transport direction (MD direction) or the direction orthogonal to the transport direction (TD direction), but the direction orthogonal to the cellulose acylate film transport direction (TD direction). It is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of the subsequent polarizing plate processing process using the cellulose acylate film.
- Methods for stretching in the TD direction are described in, for example, JP-A-62-115035, JP-A-4-152125, JP-A-2842211, JP-A-298310, and JP-A-11-48271. Yes.
- the cellulose acylate film can also be stretched by conveying while holding the width of the cellulose acylate film with a tenter and gradually increasing the width of the tenter. After the cellulose acylate film is dried, it can be stretched using a stretching machine (preferably uniaxial stretching using a long stretching machine).
- the transmission axis of the polarizer and the in-plane slow axis of the cellulose acylate film are used to suppress light leakage when the polarizing plate is viewed from an oblique direction. Need to be placed in parallel. Since the transmission axis of the roll film-like polarizer produced continuously is generally parallel to the width direction of the roll film, it is composed of the roll film-like polarizer and the roll film-like cellulose acylate film. In order to continuously bond the protective film, the in-plane slow axis of the roll film-shaped protective film needs to be parallel to the width direction of the cellulose acylate film. Therefore, it is preferable to stretch more in the TD direction. The stretching process may be performed in the middle of the film forming process, or the original fabric that has been formed and wound may be stretched.
- Stretching in the TD direction is preferably 5 to 100%, more preferably 5 to 80%, particularly preferably 5 to 40%.
- unstretched means that stretching is 0%.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention can have high surface hardness by containing the above-mentioned compound.
- the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film can be adjusted by the type or content of the compound represented by Formula A.
- Knoop hardness can be used as an index of the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film. Knoop hardness can be measured by the method shown in the below-mentioned Example.
- Elastic modulus The cellulose acylate film exhibits a practically sufficient elastic modulus.
- the range of the elastic modulus is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 to 6.0 GPa and more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 GPa from the viewpoints of manufacturability and handling properties.
- the above-mentioned compound When the above-mentioned compound is added to the cellulose acylate film, it has the effect of improving the elastic modulus by hydrophobizing the cellulose acylate film, which is also an advantage in the present invention.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient of the cellulose acylate film is preferably 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 m 2 / N or less, more preferably 6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 m 2 / N or less, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12. m 2 / N or less.
- the photoelastic coefficient is measured and calculated by the following method unless otherwise specified.
- the lower limit value of the photoelastic modulus is not particularly limited, but is practically 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 m 2 / N or more.
- the elastic modulus was measured by cutting a cellulose acylate film into 3.5 cm ⁇ 12 cm and measuring Re at each load of no load, 250 g, 500 g, 1000 g, and 1500 g with an ellipsometer (M150, JASCO Corporation).
- the photoelastic coefficient is measured by calculating from the slope of the straight line of the Re change with respect to the stress.
- the moisture content of the cellulose acylate film can be evaluated by measuring the equilibrium moisture content at a constant temperature and humidity.
- the equilibrium moisture content is calculated by measuring the moisture content of the sample that has reached equilibrium after being left at the above temperature and humidity for 24 hours by the Karl Fischer method and dividing the moisture content (g) by the sample mass (g). .
- the moisture content of the cellulose acylate film at 25 ° C. and 80% relative humidity is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less, and even more preferably less than 3% by mass.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention By reducing the water content of the cellulose acylate film, when the cellulose acylate film of the present invention is incorporated into a liquid crystal display device as a polarizing plate protective film, display unevenness of the liquid crystal display device under high temperature and high humidity is less likely to occur. can do.
- the lower limit of the moisture content is not particularly limited, but is practically 0.1% by mass or more.
- Moisture permeability The moisture permeability of the cellulose acylate film is determined according to the moisture permeability test (cup method) of JIS Z0208 by measuring the mass of water vapor passing through the sample for 24 hours in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% RH. It can evaluate by converting into the value per 1 m ⁇ 2 > area.
- the moisture permeability of the cellulose acylate film is preferably 500 to 2000 g / m 2 ⁇ day, more preferably 900 to 1300 g / m 2 ⁇ day, and more preferably 1000 to 1200 g / m 2 ⁇ day. Particularly preferred.
- the cellulose acylate film preferably has a haze of 1% or less, more preferably 0.7% or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% or less.
- haze is measured and calculated by the following method.
- the lower limit of haze is not particularly limited, but is practically 0.001% or more.
- the haze is measured in accordance with JIS K7136 using a haze meter (HGM-2DP, Suga Tester) in an environment of 25 ° C. and 60% relative humidity in a cellulose acylate film 40 mm ⁇ 80 mm.
- the average film thickness of the cellulose acylate film can be appropriately determined according to the use, but is, for example, 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the average film thickness of the cellulose acylate film is preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint of improving handling properties when producing a web-like film. Further, from the viewpoint of easily adapting to changes in humidity and maintaining optical characteristics, it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 70 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the core layer is preferably 3 to 70 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 60 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the skin layer A and the skin layer B is both 0 5 to 20 ⁇ m is more preferable, 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is particularly preferable, and 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m is most preferable.
- the core layer refers to a layer located at the center in a three-layer structure, and the skin layer refers to a layer located outside in a three-layer structure.
- the cellulose acylate film preferably has a width of 700 to 3000 mm, more preferably 1000 to 2800 mm, and particularly preferably 1300 to 2500 mm.
- the cellulose acylate film can be used as a polarizing plate protective film by being subjected to an alkali saponification treatment to impart adhesion to a polarizer material such as polyvinyl alcohol.
- a polarizer material such as polyvinyl alcohol.
- the methods described in paragraphs 0211 and 0212 of JP-A-2007-86748 can be used.
- the alkali saponification treatment for the cellulose acylate film is preferably performed in a cycle in which the film surface is immersed in an alkali solution, neutralized with an acidic solution, washed with water and dried.
- the alkaline solution include a potassium hydroxide solution and a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of hydroxide ions is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 mol / L, and preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mol / L. More preferably, it is in the range of L.
- the alkaline solution temperature is preferably in the range of room temperature to 90 ° C, and more preferably in the range of 40 to 70 ° C.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has the above-described cellulose acylate film and a polarizer.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention is contained in a polarizing plate as a protective film.
- the polarizing plate concerning this aspect contains a polarizer and two polarizing plate protective films (transparent film) which protect both surfaces, and has the cellulose acylate film of this invention as at least one polarizing plate protective film.
- the cellulose acylate film of the present invention is particularly preferably used as a protective film on the viewing side of the upper polarizing plate 10.
- 1 is an example showing an embodiment of the positional relationship between the polarizing plate of the present invention and a liquid crystal display device, wherein 1 is a cellulose acylate film of the present invention, 2 is a polarizer, and 3 is a retardation film.
- Reference numerals 4 denote liquid crystal cells. Moreover, the upper side of FIG.
- the retardation film 3 is preferably used as the polarizing plate protective film on the side where the cellulose acylate film of the present invention is not used.
- the retardation film various cellulose acylate films may be used. Examples thereof include a retardation film in which an additive is blended or stretched to express a desired retardation, and a retardation film having an optically anisotropic layer made of a liquid crystal composition on the surface of a support.
- JP-A-2008-262161 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the polarizer for example, a film obtained by immersing and stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film in an iodine solution can be used.
- the surface-treated surface of the cellulose acylate film of the present invention can be directly bonded to at least one surface of the polarizer using an adhesive. .
- the adhesive examples include an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetal (for example, polyvinyl butyral), a latex of a vinyl polymer (for example, polybutyl acrylate), and a curing containing an epoxy compound that is cured by irradiation with active energy rays or heating.
- Adhesive composition can be used.
- a particularly preferred adhesive is an aqueous solution of fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol.
- the polarizing plate protective film is preferably bonded to the polarizer so that the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizing plate protective film are orthogonal, parallel, or 45 °. .
- the slow axis can be measured by various known methods, for example, using a birefringence meter (KOBRA DH, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the description regarding the angle in the present invention includes a range of errors allowed in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. For example, it means that it is within a range of less than ⁇ 10 ° from strict angles regarding parallel and orthogonal, and the error from the strict angle is preferably 5 ° or less, and more preferably 3 ° or less.
- Parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizing plate protective film means that the direction of the main refractive index nx of the polarizing plate protective film and the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizing plate intersect at an angle of ⁇ 10 °. Means that. This angle is preferably within 5 °, more preferably within 3 °, even more preferably within 1 °, and most preferably within 0.5 °. Further, the orthogonality of the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizing plate protective film means that the direction of the main refractive index nx of the polarizing plate protective film and the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizer are 90 ° ⁇ 10 °.
- This angle is preferably 90 ° ⁇ 5 °, more preferably 90 ° ⁇ 3 °, still more preferably 90 ° ⁇ 1 °, and most preferably 90 ° ⁇ 0.5 °. If the deviation is within 1 °, the polarization degree performance under the polarizing plate crossed Nicol is unlikely to deteriorate, and light leakage is less likely to occur.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention includes an antireflection film for improving display visibility, a brightness enhancement film, a hard coat layer, a forward scattering layer, an antiglare (antiglare) layer, and the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is also preferably used as a functionalized polarizing plate combined with an optical film having a functional layer. Details thereof can be referred to the descriptions in paragraphs 0229 to 0242, paragraphs 0249 to 0250 and paragraphs 0086 to 0103 of JP2012-215812A, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification. .
- the hard coat layer optionally provided on the cellulose acylate film is a layer for imparting hardness and scratch resistance to the polarizing plate of the present invention.
- the hard coat layer can be formed on the cellulose acylate film by applying the coating composition onto the cellulose acylate film and curing it.
- mechanical properties such as mechanical, electrical and optical physical performance and chemical performance such as water repellency and oil repellency can be imparted to the hard coat layer itself.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 6 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 3 to 6 ⁇ m.
- the hard coat layer is preferably formed by curing the curable composition.
- the curable composition is preferably prepared as a liquid coating composition.
- An example of a coating composition contains a monomer or oligomer for matrix-forming binder, polymers and an organic solvent.
- a hard coat layer can be formed by curing the coating composition after coating. For curing, a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction can be used. Details of these can be referred to the descriptions in paragraphs 0088 to 0101 of JP2012-215812A, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- a curable composition particularly suitable for the formation of the hard coat layer is a composition containing a (meth) acrylate compound as used in Examples described later.
- the curable composition is preferably prepared as a coating solution.
- the coating liquid can be prepared by dissolving and / or dispersing the above-described components in an organic solvent.
- the hard coat layer formed on the cellulose acylate film preferably has high adhesion to the cellulose acylate film.
- the hard coat layer formed of the above-mentioned suitable curable composition on the cellulose acylate film containing the above-mentioned compound has a high curable composition and the cellulose acylate film in combination with the above-mentioned compound. Adhesion can be shown. Since the polarizing plate of the present invention has such a cellulose acylate film and a hard coat layer, the adhesiveness between the cellulose acylate film and the hard coat layer can be maintained even by light irradiation or the like. The light durability can be shown.
- the hard coat layer is preferably excellent in scratch resistance. Specifically, it is preferable to achieve 3H or higher when a pencil hardness test is performed as an index of scratch resistance.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes at least one polarizing plate of the present invention. Details of the liquid crystal display device can be referred to the descriptions in paragraphs 0251 to 0260 of JP2012-082235A, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.
- the materials, amounts used, ratios, processing details, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown below.
- the identification of all synthesized compounds is 1 H-NMR (300 MHz), MALDI-TOF-MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry), and LC / MS (Liquid Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry) 1 This was done using more than one.
- the melting point was measured using a trace melting point measuring device (manufactured by Yanaco, MP-500D).
- the compound numbers described below are the numbers of the exemplified compounds shown above.
- Example 1 ⁇ Film formation of cellulose acylate film> (Preparation of cellulose acylate solution) The following composition was put into a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve each component to prepare a cellulose acylate solution.
- the cellulose acylate solution prepared above was cast using a drum casting apparatus.
- the dope was peeled off in a state where the residual solvent amount in the dope was approximately 70% by mass, and dried in a state where the residual solvent amount was 3-5% by mass. Then, it further dried by conveying between the rolls of the heat processing apparatus, and the cellulose acylate film of Example 1 was obtained.
- the hardness was calculated from the relationship between the contact area between the indenter and the sample obtained from the indentation depth and the maximum load, and the average value of these five points was defined as the surface hardness.
- the sample surface fixed to the glass substrate according to the method of JIS Z 2251 using a “Fuscherscope H100Vp hardness tester” manufactured by Fisher Instruments Co., Ltd. has a loading time of 10 sec, a creep time of 5 sec, an unloading time of 10 sec, Measurement was performed under the condition of an indentation load of 50 mN, and the hardness was calculated from the relationship between the contact area between the indenter and the sample obtained from the indentation depth and the maximum load.
- JIS Z 2251 is a Japanese industry standard created based on ISO4545. Further, the Knoop hardness of all directions was measured by rotating the Knoop indenter at 10 ° increments at the same indentation position, and measuring the Knoop hardness in all directions, and the minimum value was obtained. The orientation of the minor axis of the film coincided with the surface hardness measured by placing it in parallel to the transport direction (longitudinal direction; test direction in the pencil hardness test) during film formation of the cellulose acylate film. The unit is represented by N / mm 2 , and the results of evaluation according to the following criteria are shown in the table.
- Comparative compound A is compound A-23 described in JP-A-2005-272566, comparative compound B is compound A-32, and comparative compound C is compound (53) described in the compound described in JP-A-2002-322294.
- Knoop hardness is an index representing the surface hardness of a film.
- the compounds used in the examples all enable the formation of films showing higher surface hardness than Comparative Compounds A and B. It is considered that the compounds used in the examples contain a linking group selected from the above group together with a polar group, which suppresses the movement of molecular chains of cellulose acylate and contributes to the improvement of surface hardness. More specifically, the proton position in the linking group selected from the above group effectively acts on an ester bond or a hydroxyl group of cellulose acylate to form a hydrogen bond, which causes movement of the molecular chain of cellulose acylate. It is assumed that it contributed to the suppression.
- the reason why the comparative compounds A and B were less effective in improving the surface hardness of the cellulose acylate film than the compounds used in the examples was that these comparative compounds had polar groups (ClogP of 0.85 or less). It is surmised that it does not contain a compound residue).
- Comparative Compound C was inferior in compatibility with cellulose acylate, and thus did not lead to film production. This is considered to be due to the fact that Comparative Compound C does not have a polar group.
- a compound containing two or more divalent linking groups represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NH— in the molecule, such as Comparative Compound C tends to be inferior in compatibility with cellulose acylate. Therefore, the compound added to the cellulose acylate film in the present invention does not have a divalent linking group represented by —NH— (C ⁇ O) —NH— or only one in one molecule. Is preferred.
- the film of the example is a cellulose acylate film having a high surface hardness and little photo-coloring, and that the compound added to the film of the example has little volatilization.
- Example 1-2 A cellulose acylate film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type and amount of each additive were changed as shown in the table below. Each characteristic was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Wt% is the mass% of the additive with respect to 100 mass% of cellulose acylate.
- the mixture obtained in the synthesis example was used.
- the surface hardness of the film can be improved by increasing the amount of the above compound added.
- a large improvement in surface hardness is seen compared to comparative compounds and films without addition, indicating that it can be used in a wide range of addition amounts. Yes.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a cellulose acylate film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substitution degree of cellulose acylate and the type of each additive were changed as shown in the following table. Each characteristic was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The Knoop hardness value of each film was evaluated according to the following criteria in comparison with the Knoop hardness value of a film prepared without adding an additive.
- Wt% is the mass% of the additive with respect to 100 mass% of cellulose acylate.
- the mixture obtained in the synthesis example was used.
- Example 3 A cellulose acylate film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the cellulose acylate type, the types of each additive, and the film thickness of the cellulose acylate film were changed as shown in the table below. did. Each characteristic was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. However, when evaluating the surface hardness, as described below, the film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m or less was measured by changing the indentation load to 20 mN.
- Wt% is the mass% of the additive with respect to 100 mass% of cellulose acylate.
- the mixture obtained in the synthesis example was used.
- a hard coat layer solution of the following cured composition is applied to the surface of a single-layer optical film made of each cellulose acylate prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 and cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat having a thickness of 6 ⁇ m.
- the optical film with a hard-coat layer which formed the layer was each produced.
- Hard coating layer curing composition ⁇ Monomer Pentaerythritol triacrylate / Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (mixing mass ratio 3/2) 53.5 parts by mass Photopolymerization initiator 1.5 parts by mass Irgacure (registered trademark in Japan) TM907 (manufactured by BASF Corporation) 45 parts by mass of ethyl acetate ⁇
- Example 5 ⁇ Preparation of polarizing plate> Saponification Treatment of Polarizing Plate Protective Film
- cellulose acylate film obtained in Example 1 was immersed in a 2.3 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 55 ° C. for 3 minutes. It wash
- Preparation of Polarizing Plate Iodine was adsorbed and oriented on a stretched polyvinyl alcohol film to prepare a polarizer.
- a saponified cellulose acylate film was attached to one side of a polarizer using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive.
- a commercially available cellulose triacetate film (Fujitac (Japan registered trademark) TD80UF, manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) is subjected to the same saponification treatment, and each cellulose acylate film prepared above is attached using a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive.
- a commercially available cellulose triacetate film after saponification treatment was attached to the surface of the polarizer opposite to the opposite side.
- each polarizing plate was produced.
- the polarizing plate durability test was performed as follows in a form in which the polarizing plate was attached to glass through an adhesive. Two samples (about 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm) in which a polarizing plate was attached on a glass so that the cellulose acylate film of the example obtained in Example 1 was on the air interface side were prepared. In the single plate orthogonal transmittance measurement, the sample was set with the cellulose acylate film side of the example obtained in Example 1 facing the light source and measured. The measurement was performed in the range of 380 nm to 780 nm using an automatic polarizing film measuring device VAP-7070 manufactured by JASCO Corporation, and the measured value at 410 nm was adopted.
- Example 6> ⁇ Production of liquid crystal display device>
- the polarizing plate on the viewing side of a commercially available liquid crystal television (SONY Co., Ltd. BRAVIA (Japan registered trademark) J5000) is peeled off, and the polarizing plate protective film of each of the above examples is a liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal display device was obtained by sticking one by one to the observer side via an adhesive so that the side opposite to the side was provided.
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Abstract
Description
更に本発明は、セルロースアシレートフィルム用添加剤として有用な新規化合物に関する。
しかし、特許文献1には、この文献に記載の添加剤を添加することでセルロースアシレートフィルムの膜全体の強度を向上できると記載されているものの、表面硬度の向上については開示されていない。また、特許文献2には、膜の力学特性に関してはまったく開示されていない。
本発明は、以上の知見に基づき完成された。
-NH-(C=O)-O-で表される2価の連結基および-NH-(C=O)-NR-で表され、Rが水素原子または置換基を表す2価の連結基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの連結基と、
ClogP値が0.85以下である化合物の残基である少なくとも1つの極性基と、
を有し、但し、上記極性基からは、ClogP値が0.85以下である化合物の残基である芳香族ヘテロ環含有基は除かれる、かつ、
分子量を、一分子中に含まれる上記連結基の個数で除した値、即ち、
U=[(分子量)/(一分子中に含まれる上記連結基の個数)]
として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物を含有するセルロースアシレートフィルム、
に関する。
QA-L1-X-C(=O)-NH-L2-QB
[一般式A中、Xは-O-または-NR-を表し、Rは水素原子または置換基を表す;L1およびL2はそれぞれ独立に単結合、または、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、-O-、-NR1-、-S-、-C(=O)-のいずれかもしくはこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる基を表す;R1は、水素原子または置換基を表す;QAおよびQBは、それぞれ独立に置換基を表し、QAおよびQBの少なくとも一方は上記極性基を表すか、または上記極性基に含まれる末端基を表す;Xが-NR-を表し、L1が単結合を表し、かつQAが環状構造を含む場合、QAに含まれる環状構造は、-NR-中のRとともに形成された環状構造であってもよい。]
(Q1-L11-A-L21)m-Z1
[一般式A-1中、L11およびL21は、それぞれ独立に単結合、または、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、-O-、-NR1-、-S-、-C(=O)-のいずれかもしくはこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる基を表す;R1は、水素原子または置換基を表す;Q1は、置換基を表し、Z1はm価の連結基を表し、Aは、単結合、*-X-C(=O)-NH-または*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、*はL21との結合位置を表し、Xは-O-または-NR-を表し、Rは水素原子または置換基を表す;mは、2~6の範囲の整数を表し、複数存在するQ1、A、L11およびL21は、それぞれ、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい;少なくとも1つのAは、*-X-C(=O)-NH-または*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、少なくとも1つのQ1は、上記極性基または上記極性基に含まれる末端基を表す。]
一般式A-9:
Q100-(L100-A100)m1-Q101
上記化合物に関し、本発明者らは、化合物中に所定量含まれる上記連結基がセルロースアシレートのエステル結合やヒドロキシル基などの局所的な部位や分子鎖と相互作用し、自由体積を小さくすることが、セルロースアシレートフィルムの表面硬度向上に寄与すると考えている。更に、上記連結基とともに化合物に含まれる極性基が、セルロースアシレートと化合物との相溶性を向上させることが、上述の相互作用を強固にすることに寄与していると推察している。かかる化合物を添加することにより、後述の実施例で示すように、高い表面硬度を有するセルロースアシレートフィルムの提供が可能になる。したがって、上記化合物は、セルロースアシレートフィルム用添加剤として有用である。なお先に記載した通り、上記極性基からは、ClogP値が0.85以下である化合物の残基である芳香族ヘテロ環含有基は除かれるものとする。
以下、上記化合物について、更に詳細に説明する。
アルキル基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~12、特に好ましくは1~8のものであり、例えばメチル基、エチル基、1-プロピル基、2-プロピル基、tert-ブチル基、n-オクチル基、n-デシル基、n-ヘキサデシル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル基などが挙げられる。)、アルケニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~12、特に好ましくは2~8であり、例えばビニル基、アリル基、2-ブテニル基、3-ペンテニル基などが挙げられる。)、アルキニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~12、特に好ましくは2~8であり、例えばプロパルギル基、3-ペンチニル基などが挙げられる。)、アリール基(好ましくは炭素原子数6~30、より好ましくは6~20、特に好ましくは6~12であり、例えばフェニル基、ビフェニル基、ナフチル基などが挙げられる。)、アミノ基(好ましくは炭素原子数0~20、より好ましくは0~10、特に好ましくは0~6であり、例えばアミノ基、メチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジベンジルアミノ基などが挙げられる。)、アルコキシ基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~12、特に好ましくは1~8であり、例えばメトキシ基、エトキシ基、ブトキシ基などが挙げられる。)、アリールオキシ基(好ましくは炭素原子数6~20、より好ましくは6~16、特に好ましくは6~12であり、例えばフェニルオキシ基、2-ナフチルオキシ基などが挙げられる。)、アシル基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばアセチル基、ベンゾイル基、ホルミル基、ピバロイル基などが挙げられる。)、アルコキシカルボニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~16、特に好ましくは2~12であり、例えばメトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基などが挙げられる。)、アリールオキシカルボニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数7~20、より好ましくは7~16、特に好ましくは7~10であり、例えばフェニルオキシカルボニル基などが挙げられる。)、アシルオキシ基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~16、特に好ましくは2~10であり、例えばアセトキシ基、ベンゾイルオキシ基などが挙げられる。)、アシルアミノ基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~16、特に好ましくは2~10であり、例えばアセチルアミノ基、ベンゾイルアミノ基などが挙げられる。)、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基(好ましくは炭素原子数2~20、より好ましくは2~16、特に好ましくは2~12であり、例えばメトキシカルボニルアミノ基などが挙げられる。)、アリールオキシカルボニルアミノ基(好ましくは炭素原子数7~20、より好ましくは7~16、特に好ましくは7~12であり、例えばフェニルオキシカルボニルアミノ基などが挙げられる。)、スルホニルアミノ基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばメタンスルホニルアミノ基、ベンゼンスルホニルアミノ基などが挙げられる。)、スルファモイル基(好ましくは炭素原子数0~20、より好ましくは0~16、特に好ましくは0~12であり、例えばスルファモイル基、メチルスルファモイル基、ジメチルスルファモイル基、フェニルスルファモイル基などが挙げられる。)、カルバモイル基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばカルバモイル基、メチルカルバモイル基、ジエチルカルバモイル基、フェニルカルバモイル基などが挙げられる。)、アルキルチオ基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばメチルチオ基、エチルチオ基などが挙げられる。)、アリールチオ基(好ましくは炭素原子数6~20、より好ましくは6~16、特に好ましくは6~12であり、例えばフェニルチオ基などが挙げられる。)、スルホニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばメシル基、トシル基などが挙げられる。)、スルフィニル基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばメタンスルフィニル基、ベンゼンスルフィニル基などが挙げられる。)、ウレタン基、ウレイド基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばウレイド基、メチルウレイド基、フェニルウレイド基などが挙げられる。)、リン酸アミド基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~20、より好ましくは1~16、特に好ましくは1~12であり、例えばジエチルリン酸アミド、フェニルリン酸アミドなどが挙げられる。)、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、ハロゲン原子(例えばフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子)、シアノ基、スルホ基、カルボキシル基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキサム酸基、スルフィノ基、ヒドラジノ基、イミノ基、ヘテロ環基(好ましくは炭素原子数1~30、より好ましくは1~12であり、ヘテロ原子としては、例えば窒素原子、酸素原子、硫黄原子、具体的には例えばイミダゾリル基、ピリジル基、キノリル基、フリル基、ピペリジル基、モルホリノ基、ベンゾオキサゾリル基、ベンズイミダゾリル基、ベンズチアゾリル基などが挙げられる。)、及びシリル基(好ましくは、炭素原子数3~40、より好ましくは3~30、特に好ましくは3~24であり、例えば、トリメチルシリル基、トリフェニルシリル基などが挙げられる)。
これらの置換基は更に置換されてもよい。また、置換基が2つ以上ある場合は、同じでも異なってもよい。また、可能な場合には互いに連結して環を形成してもよい。
上記イミド基としては、環状イミド基が好ましい。環状イミド基としては、スクシンイミド基、フタルイミド基、ヘキサヒドロフタルイミド基が好ましい。
また、R100で表されるアルキル基は、炭素数1~3のアルキル基は好ましい。アルキルアミノカルボニルオキシ基については、R100がメチル基であり、Rが水素原子であるメチルアミノカルボニルオキシ基がより好ましい。アルコキシカルボニル基としては、R100が炭素数1~3のアルキル基であるものが好ましく、R100がメチル基であるメトキシカルボニル基がより好ましい。アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基としては、R100が炭素数1~3のアルキル基であるものが好ましく、R100がメチル基であるメトキシカルボニルアミノ基がより好ましい。アルキルアミノカルボニルアミノ基としては、R100が炭素数1~3のアルキル基であるものが好ましく、R100がメチル基であるメチルアミノカルボニルアミノ基がより好ましい。
他の好ましい態様としては、上述の-NH-(C=O)-O-で表される2価の連結基および-NH-(C=O)-NR-で表される2価の連結基からなる群から選ばれる2つの連結基の間に、環状構造を含む連結基が存在する態様を挙げることができる。かかる態様においては上記極性基が環状構造を含まないことが好ましい。
または、上述の極性基が、環状構造を有することも好ましい。環状構造を有する極性基としては、上述の通り、環状イミド基が好ましい。環状の極性基は、末端置換基として存在することが好ましい。
一方、上述の極性基に該当しない環状基としては、好ましくは炭素数が6~30の環状の脂肪族基または芳香族基を挙げることができる。上述の極性基に該当しない末端環状基は、縮合環でもよいが、単環の方が好ましい。具体的には、脂肪族環(シクロヘキサン環など)、芳香族炭素環(ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環など)、ヘテロ環(モルホリン環、ピペリジン環、ピペラジン環など)などが挙げられ、芳香族炭素環が好ましい。具体的には、炭素数が6~30(より好ましくは6~20、さらに好ましくは6~10)のアリール基が好ましく、ベンゼン環が特に好ましい。即ち、上述の極性基に該当しない末端環状基は、フェニル基であることが好ましい。上記フェニル基は、置換されていてもよく無置換であってもよく、無置換であることが好ましい。
なお、上述の極性基に該当しない環状基としては、-NH-(C=O)-NR-で表される2価の連結基のRで表される置換基と形成された環状基(含窒素複素環基)を挙げることもできる。こうして形成される含窒素複素環基としては、含窒素6員複素環基が好ましく、モルホリノ基がより好ましい。上記含窒素複素環基は、置換基を有していてもよく、無置換であってもよい。好ましくは無置換の含窒素複素環基である。含窒素複素環基に置換する置換基としては、上述の置換基群Tに例示したものを挙げることができる。
一方、連結基に含まれる環状構造については、後述の一般式A-1に含まれるZ1について記載する通りである。
なお上記化合物が多量体である場合、分子量とは、重量平均分子量をいうものとする。本発明における平均分子量とは、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)によりポリスチレン換算で測定される平均分子量を言うものとする。具体的な測定条件の一例としては、以下の測定条件を挙げることができる。後述の実施例で示した平均分子量は、下記測定条件で測定した値である。
GPC装置:HLC-8320(東ソー製):
カラム:TSK gel SuperHZM-H、TSK gel SuperHZ4000、TSK gel SuperHZ2000併用、(東ソー製、4.6mmID(内径)×15.0cm)
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン(THF)
QA-L1-X-C(=O)-NH-L2-QB
一般式(2A) -{(CR21R22)ja-O-(C=O)}jb-*
一般式(2B) -{(CR21R22)ja-O}jb-*
一般式(2C) -{(CR21R22)ja-(C=O)-O-}jb-*
一般式(2D) -{(CR21R22)ja-NR1(C=O)-O}jb-*
一般式(2E) -{(CR21R22)ja-O-(C=O)-NR1-}jb-*
一般式(2A)~(2E)中、*は、QAまたはQBで表される置換基との結合位置を表し、R21、R22は、それぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキル基を表し、ja、jbは、それぞれ独立に1以上の整数を表し、1~3の範囲の整数であることが好ましく、R21、R22が複数存在する場合、複数のR21、R22は、それぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
一般式(a)
*-L1-X1-C(=O)-X2-L2-QB
一般式(b)
QA-L1-X1-C(=O)-X2-L2-*
*-L1-X-C(=O)-NH-L2-*
で表される構造を、一分子中に2つ以上有することが好ましい。上記において、*は一般式Aで表される化合物を構成する他の構造との結合位置であり、X、L1およびL2は、それぞれ一般式Aと同義である。
一般式A-1
(Q1-L11-A-L21)m-Z1
なお先に一般式Aについて説明した通り、Aが*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、Xが-NR-を表し、L11が単結合を表し、かつQ1が環状構造を含む場合、Q1に含まれる環状構造は、-NR-中のRとともに形成された環状構造であってもよい。
また、m個のQ1はいずれかが上述の極性基を表すか、または上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表すことが好ましく、一態様では、いずれも上述の極性基を表すか、一方が上述の極性基を表し他方が上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表すか、またはいずれもが上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表すことが好ましく、m個のQ1に含まれる極性基のいずれもが、好ましいものとして記載した上述の極性基であることがより好ましい。また、他の一態様では、m個のQ1はいずれかが上述の極性基を表すか、または上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表し、その他のQ1は環状構造を含む置換基を表すことが好ましく、極性基が、好ましいものとして記載した上述の極性基であることが、より好ましい。上記環状構造を含む置換基の詳細は、先に記載した通りである。
また、Q1が上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表す場合、この末端基は、一態様では、好ましくはアルキル基である。
また、Q1が上述の極性基に含まれる末端基を表す場合、かかる末端基Q1と上記群から選ばれる連結基Aとにより極性基が構成されることも好ましい。この場合、L11は単結合を表し、Q1とAは直接連結する。
即ち、一般式A-1中、L11、L21、Q1およびZ1の少なくとも一つに環状構造が含まれることが好ましい。
Z1は、直鎖、分岐または環状の脂肪族基および芳香族基の少なくとも1つのみからなっていてもよいし、これらの基と、酸素原子、直鎖または分岐のアルキレン基の1つ以上との組み合わせであることも好ましい。Z1として含まれる脂肪族基は飽和脂肪族基であることが好ましい。
分岐または環状の脂肪族基および芳香族基の少なくとも1種を含む基とすることにより、剛直な構造となり、硬度が向上する傾向にある。Z1を構成する炭素数は3~20が好ましく、4~15がより好ましい。
Z1は、置換基を有していてもよく、置換基の具体例としては、上述の置換基群Tが挙げられる。Z1が環状の脂肪族基を含む場合、環状の脂肪族基は置換基を有することが好ましい。一方、Z1が芳香族基を含む場合、芳香族基は置換基を有さないことが好ましい。
また、Z1は、他の一態様では、直鎖脂肪族基が好ましく、アルキレン基であることがより好ましく、Z1がアルキレン基であり、一般式A-1で表される化合物の両末端基の少なくとも一方が環状構造を含まないことがより好ましく、Z1がアルキレン基であり、一般式A-1で表される化合物の両末端基のいずれも環状構造を含まないことがさらに好ましい。
(組み合わせ1)シアノ基・シアノ基
(組み合わせ2)スクシンイミド基・スクシンイミド基
(組み合わせ3)ヘキサヒドロフタルイミド基・ヘキサヒドロフタルイミド基
(組み合わせ4)シアノ基・フェニル基
(組み合わせ5)メトキシカルボニル基・フェニル基
(組み合わせ6)ヒドロキシル基・ヒドロキシル基
(組み合わせ7)モルホリノ基・シアノ基
(組み合わせ8)アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基・アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基
(組み合わせ9)アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基・アミノカルボニルオキシ基
(組み合わせ10)アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基・アルキル基
(組み合わせ11)アミノカルボニルオキシ基・アルキル基
好ましい一態様では、Q3aおよびQ3bの一方がシアノ基を表し、他方がフェニル基を表す。
また、他の一態様では、一般式A-7で表される化合物は、Q3aおよびQ3bがともにシアノ基を含まないことが好ましい。例えば、Q3aおよびQ3bの一方がシアノ基置換アルキル基である場合、他方はスクシンイミド基、またはヘキサヒドロフタルイミド基であることが好ましい。また、Q3aおよびQ3bの一方がシアノ基である場合、他方はフェニル基またはベンジル基であることが好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、一態様では無置換アルキル基であり、他の一態様では置換アルキル基である。置換アルキル基としては、例えば、ベンゾイルアルキル基等のアリールカルボニルアルキル基、フェニルオキシアルキル基等のアリールオキシアルキル基等を挙げることができる。
L3aおよびL3bは、それぞれ独立に単結合、またはアルキレン基、アリーレン基、-O-、-C(=O)-のいずれかまたはこれらの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる基を表す。Xは、-O-または-NR-を表し、Rは水素原子または置換基を表す;複数存在するXは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
Q100-(L100-A100)m1-Q101
一般式A-9中のQ100、Q101で表されるアルキル基は、炭素数1~3のアルキル基が好ましい。
アルキルまたはアリールイソシアネートへのアルコールまたはアミンの付加反応の際、触媒を用いることも好ましく、触媒として、アミン類、亜鉛、スズなどの金属有機酸塩もしくは金属キレート化合物、亜鉛、スズ、ビスマスなどの有機金属化合物などの従来公知のウレタン化触媒を使用できる。ウレタン化触媒としては、例えば、ジブチルスズジラウレート、ジブチルスズジアセテートなどが好ましく用いられる。
なお上記化合物の合成時、-NH-(C=O)-O-で表される2価の連結基を導入するための成分と、-NH-(C=O)-NR-で表される2価の連結基を導入するための成分とを併用すると、上記2種の連結基の一方のみ含む構造(いわゆる対称構造)と、両方を含む構造(いわゆる非対称構造)が得られることがある。また、非対称構造として、含まれる上記連結基の数がそれぞれ異なる化合物の混合物が得られることもある。本発明では、対称構造化合物と非対称構造化合物との混合物、または含まれる上記連結基の数がそれぞれ異なる化合物の混合物の状態で、セルロースアシレートフィルム製造のために用いることも可能である。または、混合物から目的の構造の化合物を公知の方法で精製し、単品として用いることもできる。
一価のイソシアネート成分の例としては、フェニルイソシアネート、ベンジルイソシアネート、ブチルイソシアネートなどが挙げられるが、これらに制限されるものではない。
多価アルコールの例としては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール、1,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、トリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールエタン、グリセリン等を挙げることができる。
また、上記化合物の融点は、-50~250℃であることが好ましく、-30~200℃であることがより好ましい。このような範囲とすることにより、本発明の効果がより効果的に発揮される傾向にある。
融点の測定方法としては、特に制限はなく、公知の方法の中から適宜選択することができるが、例えば、微量融点測定装置などを用いて測定する方法が挙げられる。
セルロースアシレートの置換度は、セルロースの構成単位((β)1,4-グリコシド結合しているグルコース)に存在している、3つのヒドロキシル基がアシル化されている割合を意味する。置換度(アシル化度)は、セルロースの構成単位質量当りの結合脂肪酸量を測定して算出することができる。本発明において、セルロース体の置換度はセルロース体を重水素置換されたジメチルスルフォキシド等の溶剤に溶解して13C-NMRスペクトルを測定し、アシル基中のカルボニル炭素のピーク強度比から求めることにより算出することができる。セルロースアシレートの残存ヒドロキシル基をセルロースアシレート自身が有するアシル基とは異なる他のアシル基に置換したのち、13C-NMR測定により求めることができる。測定方法の詳細については、手塚他(Carbohydrate.Res.,273(1995)83-91)に記載がある。
本発明に用いることができるセルロースアシレートのアシル基としては、アセチル基、プロピオニル基、ブチリル基が特に好ましく、アセチル基がより特に好ましい。
本発明においては、置換基および/または置換度の異なる2種のセルロースアシレートを併用、混合して用いてもよいし、後述の共流延法などにより、異なるセルロースアシレートからなる複数層からなるフィルムを形成してもよい。
一般式Aで表される化合物の添加量は特に限定されないが、セルロースアシレート100質量部に対して、1~50質量部であることが好ましく、2~30質量部であることがより好ましく、2~20質量部であることがさらに好ましく、4~15質量部であることが特に好ましい。なお、上記化合物は2種以上添加してもよい。2種類以上添加する場合も、添加量の具体例および好ましい範囲は、上記と同一である。
本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムの製造方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、溶融製膜法または溶液製膜法(ソルベントキャスト法)により製造することが好ましく、溶液製膜法(ソルベントキャスト法)による製造がより好ましい。ソルベントキャスト法を利用したセルロースアシレートフィルムの製造例については、米国特許第2,336,310号、同第2,367,603号、同第2,492,078号、同第2,492,977号、同第2,492,978号、同第2,607,704号、同第2,739,069号および同第2,739,070号の各明細書、英国特許第640731号および同第736892号の各明細書、並びに特公昭45-4554号、同49-5614号、特開昭60-176834号、同60-203430号および同62-115035号等の各公報を参考にすることができる。また、セルロースアシレートフィルムは、延伸処理が施されていてもよい。延伸処理の方法および条件については、例えば、特開昭62-115035号、特開平4-152125号、同4-284211号、同4-298310号、同11-48271号等の各公報を参考にすることができる。
溶液の流延方法としては、調製されたドープを加圧ダイから金属支持体上に均一に押し出す方法、一旦金属支持体上に流延されたドープをブレードで膜厚を調節するドクターブレードによる方法、逆回転するロールで調節するリバースロールコーターによる方法等があり、加圧ダイによる方法が好ましい。加圧ダイにはコートハンガータイプやTダイタイプ等があるが、いずれも好ましく用いることができる。また、ここで挙げた方法以外にも、従来知られているセルロースアシレート溶液を流延製膜する種々の方法で実施することができ、用いる溶媒の沸点等の違いを考慮して各条件を設定することができる。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの形成においては、共流延法、逐次流延法、塗布法などの積層流延法を用いることが好ましく、特に同時共流延法を用いることが、安定製造および生産コスト低減の観点から特に好ましい。
共流延法および逐次流延法により製造する場合には、先ず、各層用のセルロースアセテート溶液(ドープ)を調製する。共流延法(重層同時流延)は、流延用支持体(バンドまたはドラム)の上に、各層(3層あるいはそれ以上でもよい)各々の流延用ドープを別のスリットなどから同時に押出す流延用ギーサからドープを押出して、各層同時に流延し、適当な時期に支持体から剥ぎ取って、乾燥しフィルムを成形する流延法である。共流延ギーサを用い、流延用支持体の上に表層用ドープとコア層用ドープを3層同時に押出して流延することができる。
上述の化合物をこれらの層のいずれか一層以上またはすべての層に含有させることにより、高い表面硬度を有するセルロースアシレートフィルムを得ることができる。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの製造方法では、製膜された延伸する工程を含むことが好ましい。セルロースアシレートフィルムの延伸方向はセルロースアシレートフィルム搬送方向(MD方向)と搬送方向に直交する方向(TD方向)のいずれでも好ましいが、セルロースアシレートフィルム搬送方向に直交する方向(TD方向)であることが、後に続く該セルロースアシレートフィルムを用いた偏光板加工プロセスの観点から特に好ましい。
上述の化合物を含有したセルロースアシレートフィルムに延伸処理を施すことで、フィルムの表面硬度をさらに高めることができる。
表面硬度:
本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムは、上述の化合物を含有することにより、高い表面硬度を有することができる。セルロースアシレートフィルムの表面硬度は、一般式Aで表される化合物の種類または含有量によって調整できる。セルロースアシレートフィルムの表面硬度の指標としては、ヌープ硬度を用いることができる。ヌープ硬度は、後述の実施例に示す方法によって測定することができる。
セルロースアシレートフィルムは実用上十分な弾性率を示す。弾性率の範囲は特に限定されないが、製造適性およびハンドリング性という観点から1.0~6.0GPaであることが好ましく、2.0~5.0GPaであることがより好ましい。上述の化合物は、セルロースアシレートフィルム中に添加されることにより、セルロースアシレートフィルムを疎水化することで弾性率を向上させる作用があり、その点も本発明における利点である。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの光弾性係数の絶対値は、好ましくは8.0×10-12m2/N以下、より好ましくは6×10-12m2/N以下、さらに好ましくは5×10-12m2/N以下である。セルロースアシレートフィルムの光弾性係数を小さくすることにより、本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムを偏光板保護フィルムとして液晶表示装置に組み込んだ際に、高温高湿下におけるムラ発生を抑制できる。光弾性係数は、特に断らない限り、以下の方法により測定し算出するものとする。
光弾性率の下限値は特に限定されないが、0.1×10-12m2/N以上であることが実際的である。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの含水率は一定温湿度における平衡含水率を測定することにより評価することができる。平衡含水率は上記温湿度に24時間放置した後に、平衡に達した試料の水分量をカールフィッシャー法で測定し、水分量(g)を試料質量(g)で除して算出したものである。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの25℃相対湿度80%における含水率は5質量%以下であることが好ましく、4質量%以下がさらに好ましく、3質量%未満がさらに好ましい。セルロースアシレートフィルムの含水率を小さくすることにより、本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムを偏光板保護フィルムとして液晶表示装置に組み込んだ際に、高温高湿下における液晶表示装置の表示ムラを発生しにくくすることができる。含水率の下限値は特に限定されないが、0.1質量%以上であることが実際的である。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの透湿度は、JIS Z0208の透湿度試験(カップ法)に準じ、温度40℃、相対湿度90%RHの雰囲気中、試料を24時間に通過する水蒸気の質量を測定し、試料面積1m2あたりの値に換算することにより評価することができる。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの透湿度は、500~2000g/m2・dayであることが好ましく、900~1300g/m2・dayであることがより好ましく、1000~1200g/m2・dayであることが特に好ましい。
セルロースアシレートフィルムは、ヘイズが1%以下であることが好ましく、0.7%以下であることがより好ましく、0.5%以下であることが特に好ましい。ヘイズを上記上限値以下とすることにより、セルロースアシレートフィルムの透明性がより高くなり、光学フィルムとしてより用いやすくなるという利点がある。ヘイズは、特に断らない限り、下記方法により測定し算出するものとする。ヘイズの下限値は特に限定されないが、0.001%以上であることが実際的である。
ヘイズは、セルロースアシレートフィルム40mm×80mmを、25℃、相対湿度60%の環境下で、ヘイズメーター(HGM-2DP、スガ試験機)を用いて、JIS K7136に従って測定する。
セルロースアシレートフィルムの平均膜厚は、用途に応じ適宜定めることができるが、例えば、10~100μmである。セルロースアシレートフィルムの平均膜厚は、ウェブ状のフィルムを作製する際のハンドリング性向上の観点から、15μm以上であることが好ましく、20μm以上であることがより好ましい。また、湿度変化に対応しやすく、光学特性を維持しやすいという観点からは、100μm以下であることが好ましく、80μm以下であることがより好ましく、70μm以下であることがさらに好ましい。
また、セルロースアシレートフィルムが3層以上の積層構造を有する場合、コア層の膜厚は3~70μmが好ましく、5~60μmがより好ましく、スキン層Aおよびスキン層Bの膜厚は、ともに0.5~20μmがより好ましく、0.5~10μmが特に好ましく、0.5~3μmが最も好ましい。コア層とは、3層構造で中心部に位置する層のことをいい、スキン層とは3層構造で外側に位置する層のことをいう。
セルロースアシレートフィルムは、幅が700~3000mmであることが好ましく、1000~2800mmであることがより好ましく、1300~2500mmであることが特に好ましい。
上記セルロースアシレートフィルムはアルカリ鹸化処理することによりポリビニルアルコールのような偏光子の材料との密着性を付与し、偏光板保護フィルムとして用いることができる。
鹸化の方法については、特開2007-86748号公報の段落0211と段落0212に記載される方法を用いることができる。
本発明の偏光板は、上述のセルロースアシレートフィルムと偏光子とを有する。
一態様では、本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムは保護フィルムとして偏光板に含まれる。この態様にかかる偏光板は、偏光子とその両面を保護する二枚の偏光板保護フィルム(透明フィルム)とを含み、本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムを少なくとも一方の偏光板保護フィルムとして有する。
本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムは、特に、上側偏光板10の視認側の保護フィルムとして好ましく用いられる。図1は、本発明の偏光板と液晶表示装置の位置関係の一態様を示した一例であって、1は本発明のセルロースアシレートフィルムを、2は偏光子を、3は位相差フィルムを、4は液晶セルをそれぞれ示している。また、図1の上側が視認側になる。
偏光子の透過軸と偏光板保護フィルムの遅相軸についての平行とは、偏光板保護フィルムの主屈折率nxの方向と偏光板の透過軸の方向とが±10°の角度で交わっていることを意味する。この角度は、5°以内が好ましく、より好ましくは3°以内、さらに好ましくは1°以内、最も好ましくは0.5°以内である。
また、偏光子の透過軸と偏光板保護フィルムの遅相軸についての直交とは、偏光板保護フィルムの主屈折率nxの方向と偏光子の透過軸の方向とが90°±10°の角度で交わっていることを意味する。この角度は、90°±5°が好ましく、より好ましくは90°±3°、さらに好ましくは90°±1°、最も好ましくは90°±0.5°である。ずれが1°以内であれば、偏光板クロスニコル下での偏光度性能が低下しにくく、光抜けが生じにくく好ましい。
本発明の偏光板には、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、ディスプレイの視認性向上のための反射防止フィルム、輝度向上フィルムや、ハードコート層、前方散乱層、アンチグレア(防眩)層等の機能層を有する光学フィルムと複合した機能化偏光板としても好ましく使用される。これらの詳細は、特開2012-082235号公報の段落0229~0242、段落0249~0250、特開2012-215812公報の段落0086~0103の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。
セルロースアシレートフィルム上に所望により設けられるハードコート層は、本発明の偏光板に硬度や耐傷性を付与するための層である。例えば、塗布組成物をセルロースアシレートフィルム上に塗布し、硬化させることによって、セルロースアシレートフィルム上にハードコート層を形成することができる。ハードコート層にフィラーや添加剤を加えることで、機械的、電気的、光学的な物理的な性能や撥水・撥油性などの化学的な性能をハードコート層自体に付与することもできる。ハードコート層の厚みは0.1~6μmの範囲であることが好ましく、3~6μmの範囲であることがさらに好ましい。このような範囲の薄いハードコート層を有することで、脆性やカール抑制などの物性改善、軽量化および製造コスト低減がなされたハードコート層を含む偏光板を得ることができる。
セルロースアシレートフィルム上に形成されるハードコート層は、セルロースアシレートフィルムと高い密着性を有していることが好ましい。上述の化合物を含むセルロースアシレートフィルム上に上記の好適な硬化性組成物で形成されたハードコート層は、その硬化性組成物が上述の化合物と相俟って、セルロースアシレートフィルムとの高い密着性を示すことができる。本発明の偏光板は、このようなセルロースアシレートフィルムとハードコート層とを有することで、光照射等によってもセルロースアシレートフィルムとハードコート層との密着性を維持することができるため、優れた光耐久性を示すことができる。
本発明の液晶表示装置は、本発明の偏光板を少なくとも1枚含む。液晶表示装置の詳細は、特開2012-082235号公報の段落0251~0260の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本願明細書に組み込まれる。
すべての合成した化合物の同定は、1H-NMR(300MHz)、MALDI-TOF-MS(Matrix -Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry)、およびLC/MS(Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)の1つ以上を用いて行った。また、融点は、微量融点測定装置(ヤナコ製、MP-500D)を用いて測定した。
以下に記載の化合物番号は、先に示した例示化合物の番号である。
(化合物1-9の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた2Lの三ツ口フラスコに107g(1.5mol)のシアノエタノール、200mgのn-ジブチルスズジアセテートおよび750mLの酢酸エチルを量り取り、氷冷下、167g(0.75mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネートの100mL酢酸エチル溶液を30分かけて三ツ口フラスコに滴下した。その後、50℃で4時間反応させた。反応混合物を濃縮しシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン)により精製して白色固体として、化合物1-9を189g得た(収率70%)。
MALDI-TOF-MS:M+Na;387
(化合物2-2-Aと2-2-Bの混合物の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、44.4g(0.20mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネートと、150mLのTHFを量り取り、室温で24.6g(0.25mol)のイミノジプロピオニトリルの50mL THF溶液を10℃以下で滴下した。その後、60℃で4時間攪拌したのちに、10mgのn-ジブチルスズジアセテートおよび27.6g(0.20mol)のフェノキシエタノールを室温にて滴下し、さらに60℃で4時間反応させた。反応終了後、溶媒を濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、化合物2-2-Aと2-2-Bの混合物をガラス状固体として34g得た(収率35%)。
MALDI-TOF-MS M+Na: 507
化合物1-9の合成におけるシアノエタノールを、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)スクシンイミド、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)ヘキサヒドロキシフタルイミド、イミノジプロピオニトリル、イミノジアセトニトリルに変えること以外は合成例1と同様にして、化合物1-16、1-14、1-3、1-6を合成した。
化合物1-9の合成におけるイソホロンジイソシアネートを、キシリレンジイソシアネートに変えること以外は合成例1と同様にして、化合物1-7を合成した。
化合物2-2-Aと2-2-Bの混合物の合成におけるイミノジプロピオニトリルを、イミノジアセトニトリル、メチルグリシンに変えること以外は合成例2と同様にして、化合物2-3-Aと2-3-Bの混合物、および化合物3-7を合成した。
原料となる、ジイソシアネート、アルコール、アミンを適宜変えること以外は上記合成例1~5のいずれかと同様にして、化合物1-11、化合物2-5-Aと2-5-Bの混合物、化合物2-6-Aと2-6-Bの混合物、化合物3-1、化合物3-9、化合物3-13、化合物3-20、化合物3-21、化合物3-22も合成した。
(化合物4-1-Aの合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、21.3g(0.11mol)のメタキシリレンジイソシアネート、0.36gのジブチルスズジラウレート、115mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、18.1g(0.14mol)の化合物4-1-Aを滴下した。室温で3時間撹拌したのちに、2.9gのメタノールを添加し、4時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、析出した白色固体をろ過し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、白色固体として化合物4-1を26.3g得た(収率66%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ1.2(d,J=7.5Hz,3H)、3.5-3.2(br,2H)、3.6(s,3H)、3.7(s,3H)、4.4(m,4H)、5.1-4.8(br,4H)、7.2(m,3H)、7.3(m,1H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 376.4[M+Na]
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、30.1g(0.23mol)の化合物4-1-A、0.36gのジブチルスズジラウレート、115mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、21.3g(0.11mol)のメタキシリレンジイソシアネート、を滴下した。室温で4時間撹拌したのちに、2.0gのメタノールを添加し、1時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、析出した白色固体をろ過し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、白色固体として化合物4-2を46.5g得た(収率93%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ1.2(d,J=7.5Hz,6H)、3.5-3.2(br,4H)、3.6(s,6H)、4.3(m,4H)、5.1-4.9(br,4H)、7.2(m,3H)、7.3(m,1H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 355.3[M+H]
(化合物4-3の合成)
化合物4-1-Aの合成における1-アミノ-2-プロパノールを、1-アミノエタノールに変えること以外は合成例7における化合物4-1の合成と同様にして、化合物4-3を合成した。
化合物4-1-Aの合成における1-アミノ-2-プロパノールを、1-アミノエタノールに変えること以外は合成例7における化合物4-2の合成と同様にして、化合物4-4を合成した。
(化合物4-5-Aの合成)
化合物4-1の合成における原料化合物4-1-Aを化合物4-5-Aに変えること以外は合成例7と同様にして、化合物4-5を合成した。
化合物4-2の合成における原料化合物4-1-Aを化合物4-5-Aに変えること以外は合成例7と同様にして、化合物4-6を合成した(収率64%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2(m,6H)、2.6(s,6H)、4.0(m,4H),4.1(d,J=6.3Hz,4H)、4.8(m、2H)、7.0(s,1H)、7.1(m,4H)、7.2(m,1H)、7.8-7.7(br,2H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 477.4[M+Na]
(化合物4-7の合成)
化合物4-5-Aの合成におけるメチルアミンをエチルアミンに変えること以外は合成例9の化合物4-5の合成と同様にして、化合物4-7を合成した。
化合物4-5-Aの合成におけるメチルアミンをエチルアミンに変えること以外は合成例9の化合物4-6の合成と同様にして、化合物4-8を合成した。
化合物4-5-Aの合成におけるメチルアミンをイソプロピルアミンに変えること以外は合成例9の化合物4-5の合成と同様にして、化合物4-9を合成した。
化合物4-5-Aの合成におけるメチルアミンをイソプロピルアミンに変えること以外は合成例9の化合物4-6の合成と同様にして、化合物4-10を合成した。
(化合物4-11の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、21.3g(0.11mol)のメタキシリレンジイソシアネート、0.36gのジブチルスズジラウレート、115mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、18.6g(0.14mol)の化合物4-5-Aを滴下した。室温で3時間撹拌したのちに、7.8g(0.11mol)のシアノエタノールを添加し、4時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、析出した白色固体をろ過し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、白色固体として化合物4-11を29.3g得た(収率68%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2(m,3H)、2.6(s,3H)、2.8(m,2H)、4.2-4.0(m,8H),4.8(m,1H)、7.1-7.0(m,4H)、7.3-7.2(m,2H)、7.8-7.7(br,1H)
化合物4-11の合成におけるシアノエタノールを、化合物4-12-Bに変えること以外は同様にして、化合物4-12を合成した。
(化合物5-1の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、49.8g(0.22mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネート、0.71gのジブチルスズジラウレート、225mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、35.8g(0.27mol)の化合物4-1-Aを滴下した。45℃で3時間撹拌したのちに、5.7gのメタノールを添加し、4時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応混合物を濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、ガラス状固体として化合物5-1を26.9g得た(収率31%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.1-0.8(br,16H)、1.5-1.3(br,2H)、2.7(m,2H)、3.1(m,2H)、3.5(br,7H)、4.6(Hex,J=6.3Hz,1H)、7.2-6.7(br,3H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 410.4[M+Na]
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、58.2g(0.44mol)の化合物4-1-A、0.36gのジブチルスズジラウレート、115mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、49.8g(0.22mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネートを滴下した。60℃で6時間撹拌したのちに、2.0gのメタノールを添加し、1時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、反応混合物を濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、ガラス状固体として化合物5-2を97.5g得た(収率89%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.1-0.8(br,19H)、1.5-1.3(br,2H)、2.7(m,2H)、3.1(m,4H)、3.5(br,7H)、4.6(Hex,J=6.3Hz,2H)、7.2-6.7(br,4H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 489.4[M+H]
化合物5-1、5-2の合成における1-アミノ-2-プロパノールを、1-アミノエタノールに変えること以外は合成例12と同様にして、化合物5-3、5-4を合成した。
(化合物5-5の合成)
化合物5-1の合成における化合物4-1-Aを化合物4-5-Aに変えること以外は合成例12と同様にして、化合物5-5を合成した。
化合物5-2の合成における化合物4-1-Aを化合物4-5-Aに変えること以外は合成例12と同様にして、化合物5-6を合成した。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2-0.8(br,19H)、1.5-1.4(br,2H)、2.5(m,6H)、2.8-2.6(br,2H)、3.7-3.5(br,1H)、4.0-3.9(br,4H)、4.9-4.7(br,2H)、7.3-6.8(br,4H)
LC/MS(ESI(+)): 511.4[M+Na]
化合物4-5-Aの合成におけるメチルアミンをエチルアミン、イソプロピルアミンに変えること以外は合成例14と同様にして、化合物5-7、5-8、5-9、5-10を合成した。
(化合物5-11の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、24.5g(0.11mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネート、0.36gのジブチルスズジラウレート、115mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、18.6g(0.14mol)の化合物4-5-Aを滴下した。室温で3時間撹拌したのちに、7.8g(0.11mol)のシアノエタノールを添加し、4時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン/メタノール)により精製して、化合物5-11を30.5g得た(収率65%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2-0.8(br,16H)、1.5-1.4(br,2H)、2.5(m,3H)、2.8-2.6(m,4H)、3.7-3.6(br,1H)、4.1-3.9(m,4H)、4.9-4.7(br,1H)、7.3-6.8(br,3H)
化合物5-11の合成におけるシアノエタノールを、化合物4-12-Bに変えること以外同様にして、化合物5-12を合成した。
(化合物6-1の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、88.9g(0.40mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネート、1.3gのジブチルスズジラウレート、500mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、15.4g(0.48mol)のメタノールと30mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を滴下した。0℃で1.5時間撹拌したのち、60℃に昇温し、6.1g(0.08mol)の1,2-プロパンジオールと30mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を添加し、4時間撹拌した。反応終了後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン)により精製して、化合物6-1をガラス状固体として12.5g得た(収率10%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2-0.8(br,33H)、1.7-1.3(br,5H)、2.7(m,3H),3.7-3.4(br,8H)、4.0(m,1H)、4.8(s,1H)、7・2-6.8(br,4H)
化合物6-1の合成におけるイソホロンジイソシアネートをメタキシリレンジイソシアネートに変えること以外は合成例17と同様にして、化合物6-2を合成した。(収率14%)
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.2-1.0(br,3H)、3.5(s,6H)、4.2-4.0(br,10H)、4.9(m,1H)、7.3-7.1(br,8H)、7.8-7.6(m,4H)
化合物6-1の合成におけるイソホロンジイソシアネート、メタノールをメタキシリレンジイソシアネート、2-シアノエタノールに変えること以外は合成例17と同様にして、化合物6-3を合成した。(収率5%)
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.3-1.0(br,3H)、2.8(t,4H)、4.3-4.0(br,19H)、4.9(m,1H)、7.3-7.1(br,8H)、8.0-7.6(br,4H)
<合成例20>
(化合物6-4-Aの合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、114.1g(1.50mol)の1,2-プロパンジオール、0.9mL(1.5mmol)のジブチルスズジラウレート、500mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、56.5g(0.30mol)のメタキシリレンジイソシアネートと100mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を滴下した。0℃で1.5時間撹拌したのち室温(25℃)下に放置し室温に戻した。
反応液を200mLの水で洗浄した後、200mLの水と100mLの飽和食塩水で2回洗浄した。これを硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させ、濃縮し、化合物6-4-Aを無色液体として83.5g得た(収率82%)。
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、56.5g(0.30mol)のメタキシリレンジイソシアネート、0.9mL(1.5mmol)のジブチルスズジラウレート、300mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、11.5g(0.36mol)のメタノールと30mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を滴下した。0℃で1.5時間撹拌したのち、60℃に昇温し、33.6g(0.06mol)の化合物6-4-Aと130mLの酢酸エチルの混合溶液を2回に分けて添加し、4時間撹拌した。反応終了後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶媒 酢酸エチル/n-ヘキサン)により精製して、化合物6-4を白色固体として12.1g得た(収率5%)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ1.3-1.0(br,6H)、3.6(s,6H)、4.3-4.0(br,17H)、4.9(m,2H)、7.3-7.1(br,12H)、8.0-7.6(br,6H)
(化合物6-5の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、66.7g(0.30mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネート、0.84gのネオスタンU-600(日東化成株式会社製)、170mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、11.4g(0.15mol)の1,2-プロパンジオールと30mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃に昇温し、6時間撹拌した。0℃に冷却し、14.4g(0.45mol)のメタノールを滴下した。滴下終了後、40℃に昇温し、3時間撹拌した。反応液を1.5Lのヘキサン中に移し、沈殿した固体をろ過、1Lのヘキサンで洗浄、乾燥をして、化合物6-5を73.2g得た(収率94%)。
重量平均分子量(Mw:1407)
(化合物6-6の合成)
メカニカルスターラー、温度計、冷却管、滴下ロートをつけた三ツ口フラスコに、22.8g(0.30mol)の1,2-プロパンジオール、1.1gのネオスタンU-600(日東化成株式会社製)、200mlの酢酸エチルを量り取り、0℃に冷却し、44.4g(0.20mol)のイソホロンジイソシアネートと10mLの酢酸エチル混合溶液を滴下した。滴下終了後、60℃に昇温し、6時間撹拌した。反応液を1.5Lのヘキサン中に移し、沈殿した固体をろ過、1Lのヘキサンで洗浄、乾燥をして、化合物6-6を59.4g得た(収率90%)。
重量平均分子量(Mw:1271)
<セルロースアシレートフィルムの製膜>
(セルロースアシレート溶液の調製)
下記の組成物をミキシングタンクに投入し、攪拌して各成分を溶解し、セルロースアシレート溶液を調製した。
セルロースアシレート溶液の組成
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アセチル置換度2.87、重合度370のセルロースアシレート
100.0質量部
下記表2に記載の化合物 10.0質量部
メチレンクロライド(第1溶媒) 353.9質量部
メタノール(第2溶媒) 89.6質量部
n-ブタノール(第3溶媒) 4.5質量部
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フィッシャーインスツルメンツ(株)社製“フッシャースコープH100Vp型硬度計”を用い、圧子の短軸の向きをセルロースアシレートフィルム製膜時の搬送方向(長手方向;鉛筆硬度試験での試験方向)に対して平行に配置したヌープ圧子により、ガラス基板に固定したサンプル表面を負荷時間10sec、クリープ時間5sec、除荷時間10sec、最大荷重50mNの条件で測定した。押し込み深さから求められる圧子とサンプルとの接触面積と最大荷重の関係より硬度を算出し、この5点の平均値を表面硬度とした。
また、フィッシャーインスツルメンツ(株)社製“フッシャースコープH100Vp型硬度計”を用い、JIS Z 2251の方法に準じてガラス基板に固定したサンプル表面を負荷時間10sec、クリープ時間5sec、除荷時間10sec、押し込み荷重50mNの条件で測定し、押し込み深さから求められる圧子とサンプルとの接触面積と最大荷重の関係より硬度を算出した。なお、JIS Z 2251はISO4545を基に作成した日本工業規格である。
さらに、同じ押し込み位置においてヌープ圧子を10°ずつ回転させて測定される合計18方位等角度回転させて測定して全方位のヌープ硬度の測定を行ない、最小値を求めたところ、上記のヌープ圧子の短軸の向きをセルロースアシレートフィルム製膜時の搬送方向(長手方向;鉛筆硬度試験での試験方向)に対して平行に配置して測定した表面硬度と一致した。
単位は、N/mm2で表し、下記の基準に沿って評価した結果を表中に記載した。
A++:ヌープ硬度230N/mm2以上
A+:ヌープ硬度220N/mm2以上230N/mm2未満
A:ヌープ硬度210N/mm2以上220N/mm2未満
B:ヌープ硬度200N/mm2以上210N/mm2未満
C:ヌープ硬度190N/mm2以上200N/mm2未満
D:ヌープ硬度190N/mm2未満
上記で得られた各セルロースアシレートフィルムにスーパーキセノンウェザーメーター(スガ試験機(株)製SX75)を用い、96時間光照射を行い、照射前後での色相b*の変化より、光着色の有無を評価した。評価は下記の基準に沿って行い、結果を表中に記載した。
フィルム色相b*は、島津製作所の分光光度計UV3150を用いて、色相b*を求めた。色相b*の値がマイナス側に大きくなると透過光は青味が増し、プラス側に大きくなると黄色味が増す。
A:照射前後でのb*の変化幅が0.1以下
B:照射前後でのb*の変化幅が0.1を超え0.25以下
C:照射前後でのb*の変化幅が0.25を超え0.40以下
D:照射前後でのb*の変化幅が0.40を超える
TG/DTA測定装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製TG/DTA7200)を用い、表2に示す化合物を室温から140℃に昇温し、140℃1時間保持時の化合物の重量変化を測定し下記の条件で判断した。
測定によって得られた変化量が0.1%以下の場合は「なし」、それ以上変化した場合は「あり」として表中に記載した。
*wt%はセルロースアシレート100質量%に対する添加剤の質量%である。2種の添加剤が記載されているフィルムでは、合成例で得た混合物を用いた。
これに対し、比較化合物Aを含む比較例のフィルムにおいて光着色の抑制に関する評価結果がDであった理由は、上記群から選ばれる連結基の酸素原子、窒素原子とも、ベンゼン環に直結していることが理由と考えられる。
各添加剤の種類と添加量とを下表のとおりに変更した以外は、例1と同様にして、セルロースアシレートフィルムを作製した。
各特性の評価は例1と同様にして行った。
例1と同様にして、セルロースアシレートの置換度、各添加剤の種類とを下表のとおりに変更した以外は、例1と同様にして、セルロースアシレートフィルムを作製した。
各特性の評価は例1と同様にして行った。
それぞれのフィルムのヌープ硬度の値について添加剤を加えずに作製したフィルムのヌープ硬度の値と比較して、下記の基準で評価した。
A:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.15倍以上
B:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.05倍以上1.15倍未満
C:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.00倍以上1.05倍未満
D:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.00倍未満
例1と同様にして、セルロースアシレートの種類、各添加剤の種類、セルロースアシレートフィルムの膜厚を下表のとおりに変更した以外は、例1と同様にして、セルロースアシレートフィルムを作製した。
各特性の評価は例1と同様にして行った。ただし、表面硬度の評価に際しては、下記のとおり、膜厚40μm以下のフィルムについては、押し込み荷重を20mNに変更して測定した。
上記で得られたセルロースアシレートフィルムを、押し込み荷重を上記のように変更する以外は例1に記載の方法と同様にして、表面硬度を測定した。単位は、N/mm2で表した。
それぞれのフィルムのヌープ硬度の値について添加剤を加えずに作製したフィルムのヌープ硬度の値と比較して、下記の基準で評価した。
A:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.15倍以上
B:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.05倍以上1.15倍未満
C:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.00倍以上1.05倍未満
D:添加剤を加えなかった場合のヌープ硬度の値の1.00倍未満
上記例1および例2で作製した各セルロースアシレートからなる単層の光学フィルムの表面に下記の硬化組成物のハードコート層溶液を塗布し、紫外線を照射して硬化させ、厚み6μmのハードコート層を形成したハードコート層付き光学フィルムをそれぞれ作製した。
ハードコート層溶液の硬化組成物
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モノマー ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート/
ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(混合質量比3/2)
53.5質量部
光重合開始剤 1.5質量部
Irgacure(日本登録商標)TM907(BASF(株)製)
酢酸エチル 45質量部
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各ハードコート付きセルロースアシレートフィルムを、25℃、相対湿度60%の条件で2時間調湿した後、JIS-S6006が規定する試験用鉛筆を用いて、JIS-K5400が規定する鉛筆硬度評価法に従い、500gのおもりを用いて各硬度の鉛筆でハードコート層表面を5回繰り返し引っ掻き、傷が1本までの硬度を測定した。なお、JIS-K5400で定義される傷は塗膜の破れ、塗膜のすり傷であり、塗膜のへこみは対象としないと記載されているが、本評価では、塗膜のへこみも含めて傷と判断した。実用上は、3H以上が好ましく、数値が高いほど、高硬度なため好ましい。その結果、未添加のフィルムNo.115では2Hの評価であったのに対して、実施例のフィルムNo.102、104、106、107、201、202はいずれも3Hと高評価であることがわかった。
<偏光板の作製>
偏光板保護フィルムの鹸化処理
例1で得られた各セルロースアシレートフィルムを、2.3mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に、55℃で3分間浸漬した。室温の水洗浴槽中で洗浄し、30℃で0.05mol/Lの硫酸を用いて中和した。再度、室温の水洗浴槽中で洗浄し、さらに100℃の温風で乾燥した。このようにして、セルロースアシレートフィルムについて表面の鹸化処理を行った。
延伸したポリビニルアルコールフィルムにヨウ素を吸着、配向させて偏光子を作製した
鹸化処理したセルロースアシレートフィルムを、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を用いて、偏光子の片側に貼り付けた。市販のセルローストリアセテートフィルム(フジタック(日本登録商標)TD80UF、富士フイルム(株)製)に同様の鹸化処理を行い、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を用いて、上記で作製した各セルロースアシレートフィルムを貼り付けてある側とは反対側の偏光子の面に鹸化処理後の市販のセルローストリアセテートフィルムを貼り付けた。
この際、偏光子の透過軸と得られたセルロースアシレートフィルムの遅相軸とは平行するように配置した。また、偏光子の透過軸と市販のセルローストリアセテートフィルムの遅相軸については、直交するように配置した。
このようにして各偏光板を作製した。
偏光板耐久性試験は偏光板をガラスに粘着剤を介して貼り付けた形態で次のように行った。
ガラスの上に偏光板を、例1で得られた実施例のセルロースアシレートフィルムが空気界面側になるように貼り付けたサンプル(約5cm×5cm)を2つ作製した。単板直交透過率測定では、このサンプルの、例1で得られた実施例のセルロースアシレートフィルム側を光源に向けてセットして測定した。測定は、日本分光(株)製の自動偏光フィルム測定装置VAP-7070を用いて380nm~780nmの範囲で測定し、410nmにおける測定値を採用した。2つのサンプルをそれぞれ測定し、その平均値を偏光板の直交透過率とした。その後、80℃、相対湿度90%RHの環境下で各偏光板を120時間経時保存した後に同様の方法で直交透過率を測定した。経時前後の直交透過率の変化を求め、これを偏光板耐久性として評価した。なお、調湿なしの環境下での相対湿度は、0~20%RHの範囲であった。
添加剤を含まないフィルムNo.115に対して、例1の実施例のフィルムNo.102およびNo.104では、経時前後の直交透過率の変化は小さくなっており、添加した化合物が、偏光板耐久性を向上させていることがわかった。
<液晶表示装置の作製>
市販の液晶テレビ(SONY(株)のブラビア(日本登録商標)J5000)の視認側の偏光板をはがし、上記実施例で作製した各偏光板を、上記各実施例の偏光板保護フィルムが液晶セル側と反対側となるように、粘着剤を介して、観察者側に一枚ずつ貼り付けて液晶表示装置を得た。
2 偏光子
3 位相差フィルム
4 液晶セル
10 上側偏光板
Claims (21)
- -NH-(C=O)-O-で表される2価の連結基および-NH-(C=O)-NR-で表され、Rが水素原子または置換基を表す2価の連結基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの連結基と、
ClogP値が0.85以下である化合物の残基である少なくとも1つの極性基と、
を有し、但し、前記極性基からは、ClogP値が0.85以下である化合物の残基である芳香族ヘテロ環含有基は除かれる、かつ、
分子量を、一分子中に含まれる前記連結基の個数で除した値として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物を含有するセルロースアシレートフィルム。 - 前記化合物は、前記極性基の少なくとも1つを末端置換基として含む請求項1に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 前記極性基は、シアノ基、環状イミド基、アルコキシカルボニル基、ヒドロキシル基、
アルキルアミノカルボニルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基、およびアルキルアミノカルボニルアミノ基からなる群から選ばれる、請求項2に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。 - 前記化合物は、下記一般式Aで表される化合物である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム;
一般式A
QA-L1-X-C(=O)-NH-L2-QB
一般式A中、Xは-O-または-NR-を表し、Rは水素原子または置換基を表す;L1およびL2はそれぞれ独立に単結合、または、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、-O-、-NR1-、-S-、-C(=O)-のいずれかもしくはこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる基を表す;R1は、水素原子または置換基を表す;QAおよびQBは、それぞれ独立に置換基を表し、QAおよびQBの少なくとも一方は前記極性基を表すか、または前記極性基に含まれる末端基を表す;Xが-NR-を表し、L1が単結合を表し、かつQAが環状構造を含む場合、QAに含まれる環状構造は、-NR-中のRとともに形成された環状構造であってもよい。 - 一般式Aで表される化合物は、下記一般式A-1で表される化合物である請求項4に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム;
一般式A-1
(Q1-L11-A-L21)m-Z1
一般式A-1中、L11およびL21は、それぞれ独立に単結合、または、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、-O-、-NR1-、-S-、-C(=O)-のいずれかもしくはこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる基を表す;R1は、水素原子または置換基を表す;Q1は、置換基を表し、Z1はm価の連結基を表し、Aは、単結合、*-X-C(=O)-NH-または*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、*はL21との結合位置を表し、Xは-O-または-NR-を表し、Rは水素原子または置換基を表す;mは、2~6の範囲の整数を表し、複数存在するQ1、A、L11およびL21は、それぞれ、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい;少なくとも1つのAは、*-X-C(=O)-NH-または*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、少なくとも1つのQ1は、前記極性基または前記極性基に含まれる末端基を表す。 - 一般式A-1中、Z1で表される連結基は、鎖状もしくは環状の脂肪族基または芳香族基である請求項5に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般式A-1中、L11、L21、Q1およびZ1の少なくとも一つに環状構造を含む、請求項5または6に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般式A-1中、複数存在するQ1の少なくとも1つにより表される前記極性基は環状構造を有する請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般式A-1中、複数存在するQ1の少なくとも1つは前記極性基に含まれる末端基であり、該末端基はアルキル基である請求項5~8のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般A-1中、複数存在するQ1の少なくとも1つは前記極性基に含まれる末端基であり、該末端基であるQ1と隣り合うL11は単結合であってQ1と、*-X-C(=O)-NH-または*-NH-C(=O)-X-で表されるAとにより前記極性基が構成される、請求項5~9のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般式A-1中、mは2または3である請求項5~10のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 一般式A-1中、複数存在する(Q1-L11-A-L21)で表される構成単位の少なくとも1つの構成単位におけるL21は単結合であり、かつ該構成単位においてAは*-NH-C(=O)-X-を表し、結合位置*においてZ1と結合する請求項5~11のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 前記化合物は、下記一般式A-4で表される化合物および下記一般式A-5で表される化合物からなる群から選択される請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム;
- 前記化合物の含有量が、セルロースアシレート100質量部に対して、1~50質量部の範囲である請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルム。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載のセルロースアシレートフィルムと偏光子とを有する偏光板。
- 請求項15に記載の偏光板を有する液晶表示装置。
- 前記偏光板を、少なくとも、視認側に有する請求項16に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 下記一般式A-6:
で表され、かつ
分子量を一分子中に含まれる前記連結基の個数で除した値として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物。 - 下記一般式A-7:
で表され、かつ
分子量を、一分子中に含まれる-X-(C=O)-NH-で表される2価の連結基の個数で除した値として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物。 - 下記一般式A-8:
で表され、かつ
分子量を、一分子中に含まれる-X-(C=O)-NH-で表される2価の連結基の個数で除した値として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物。 - 下記一般式A-9:
Q100-(L100-A100)m1-Q101
一般式A-9中、L100は、単結合、アルキレン基、
で表され、かつ
分子量を、一分子中に含まれる-X-(C=O)-NH-で表される2価の連結基の個数で除した値として求められる当量Uが515以下である化合物。
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CN201480041133.1A CN105392833A (zh) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-28 | 纤维素酰化物膜、新型化合物、偏振片及液晶显示装置 |
US15/003,481 US20160139303A1 (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2016-01-21 | Cellulose acylate film, novel compound, polarizing plate, and liquid-crystal display device |
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JP2017066286A (ja) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | セルロースアシレートフィルム、偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
US10040754B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2018-08-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Cellulose acylate film, novel compound, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
US10113040B2 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2018-10-30 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polymer film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
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CN106103552B (zh) | 2014-03-31 | 2019-04-30 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 纤维素酯薄膜、偏振片及液晶显示装置 |
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