WO2015010651A1 - 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015010651A1
WO2015010651A1 PCT/CN2014/083024 CN2014083024W WO2015010651A1 WO 2015010651 A1 WO2015010651 A1 WO 2015010651A1 CN 2014083024 W CN2014083024 W CN 2014083024W WO 2015010651 A1 WO2015010651 A1 WO 2015010651A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parts
aerogel
polyvinyl alcohol
wet gel
thermal insulation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/083024
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈庆
曾军堂
Original Assignee
成都新柯力化工科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 filed Critical 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司
Publication of WO2015010651A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015010651A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of building thermal insulation materials, in particular to a building thermal insulation aerogel material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • Aerogel has a three-dimensional nanoporous structure, high porosity, large specific surface area and low thermal conductivity. It is the lowest thermal conductivity material in the world. It has excellent thermal insulation properties and fire resistance. It is an ideal substitute for traditional thermal insulation materials. It has a good application prospect and is highly concerned by both domestic and foreign.
  • aerogels have been used in high-end fields such as aerospace, military, and pharmaceutical carriers because of their complicated preparation process and high production cost. It is faced with bottlenecks of high cost and low production in the field of building insulation and energy conservation. At present, the preparation of aerogel is usually carried out by a sol-gel process and a supercritical drying process.
  • a nano-atomic group of porous channels is formed in the solution, nanometer.
  • the atomic groups are bonded to each other to form a gel, and the solid skeleton of the gel is filled with a liquid reagent remaining after the chemical reaction.
  • it is usually treated by a supercritical drying process.
  • the supercritical drying process can better maintain the porous network structure of the gel, but the conditions required for supercritical drying are very harsh, the preparation cycle takes a long time, the equipment requirements are high, the energy consumption is large, and continuous production cannot be achieved, resulting in aerogel The price of the product is extremely expensive.
  • aerogels have good thermal insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance, the aerogels produced by the prior art are too expensive to be used in large-scale applications in building insulation. In order to break through the cost limitation of aerogel in the field of building thermal insulation, in recent years, the preparation of aerogels by non-supercritical drying has emerged.
  • the preparation and method of a silica aerogel composite material is disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102557577A.
  • the method uses a fiber as a reinforcing material, and obtains a silica aerogel by washing and sub-step drying at different temperatures, which requires not only a large amount of solvent but also a long time.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN201310000374 discloses a low-cost preparation method of silica aerogel.
  • the aerogel is prepared by using a surfactant to eliminate or convert the liquid/air interface into a small adhesion interface, so that the integrity of the network structure is destroyed within a limited range during the drying process, but with the coagulation
  • the increase in the rate of the glue channel and the size of a large number of fine pores are on the order of nanometers, the capillary effect causes difficulty in drying, and it is difficult to obtain a high-porosity aerogel. So far, the preparation of aerogel technology by non-supercritical drying method has focused on improving the support strength of the gel structure network structure and reducing the influence of capillary adsorption force.
  • the aerogel material is dried on the premise that the gel network structure is not destroyed.
  • the present invention proposes a technical solution for achieving a key indicator of continuous drying, high strength and low cost of aerogel.
  • the aerogel material can replace the existing organic thermal insulation board in the external thermal insulation system, replace the inorganic vitrified microbeads in the thermal insulation mortar, and mix the coating to make the coating have the thermal insulation effect, and achieve the aerogel material in the wall Wide application in the field of insulation.
  • the invention aims at the defects of low aerogel strength, complicated preparation process and high cost, and provides a building thermal insulation aerogel material which can be used in the field of building energy conservation.
  • the building thermal insulation aerogel is composed of a silica sol and a polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a building thermal insulation aerogel material, which is mainly composed of a silica sol, a polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive as a thermoplastic melt colloid, and an inert gas as a support.
  • the invention relates to a building thermal insulation aerogel, which provides the following solutions:
  • a building thermal insulation aerogel material according to the invention characterized in that the raw material composition (parts by weight) is: 70-90 parts of silica sol, 10-28 parts of polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive, hydrophobic agent 1- 2 servings.
  • the above silica sol is a sol obtained by hydrolysis of methyl orthosilicate or ethyl orthosilicate, and has a solid content of 50-60%.
  • the above polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive is a fine powder obtained by mechanically chemically grinding polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol-2000, and a crosslinking agent, wherein the fineness of polyvinyl alcohol is 200. 17-88 having a degree of alcoholysis of 87% to 89%, and the crosslinking agent is at least one of adipic acid, succinic acid, maleic anhydride, and borax.
  • the hydrophobic agent described above is at least one of isopropoxy III (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanium, ethylene glycol diester (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanium, and distearyl ethylene titanium.
  • the method for preparing a building thermal insulation aerogel material of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • silica sol prepared according to the above preparation method wherein 50-60 parts by weight of methyl orthosilicate or ethyl orthosilicate, 20-30 parts by weight of an alcohol solvent is added to the vessel and stirred for 5-10. Minutes, add 5-10 parts by weight of methyl triethoxy Add 10-15 parts of water, ⁇ 3-5 parts of potassium, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the bath to 3-5, set the heating temperature of the heater oil to 80-100 °C and continue to stir and hydrolyze for 30-60 minutes.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive prepared according to the above preparation method is 80-90 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 5-10 parts of glycerin, 2-8 parts of polyethylene glycol-2000, 1-3
  • the cross-linking agent is obtained by mechanical chemical polishing, and the grinder adopts a vortex grinder; the vortex flow is used to fully exfoliate the poly(3) alcohol and the modified jingle, and the turntable speed is adjusted by the turntable reactance speed controller to iOOO-1200r /ffiin, is a continuous discharge of polyvinyl alcohol to a certain particle size and reaction, with continuous and efficient production.
  • the prepared wet gel according to the above preparation method wherein 10-28 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive, 1-2 parts of hydrophobic agent is added to 70-90 parts of silica sol solution, and triethanolamine is added. Adjust the pH value to 8 ⁇ 10, stir evenly.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive has thermoplasticity at high temperature, and has solubility in water solvent. It can be uniformly dispersed in the wet gel and then placed in a closed aging tank. An aging gel is obtained in an hour.
  • the building thermal insulation aerogel prepared according to the above preparation method the temperature of the continuous kneading screw reactor cylinder is raised to 100-120 ° C, the circulating cooling water valve is opened, and the temperature of the screw press is maintained at 100-120 °C, the aging gel is added to the continuous kneading screw reactor, the wet gel is continuously added to the screw reactor, and the inert gas source is pumped at the same time. The wet gel is stretched in the polyvinyl alcohol hot melt adhesive.
  • the wet gel entering the die expands due to the instantaneous evaporation of the liquid component in the die, and the inert gas acts as an aerogel support while the liquid component is volatilized, completing the wet gel to the gas.
  • the transformation of the gel is cut by a pelletizer to form a uniform granular aerogel.
  • the inert gas source described above is sodium hydrogencarbonate which is pumped when the wet gel enters the die and continuously releases the inert gas under transient high pressure and high temperature conditions to ensure that the complete skeleton structure of the aerogel does not collapse.
  • the continuous kneading screw reactor described above is a tapered single screw machine, and the screw diameter is reduced from ⁇ 60 cm to ⁇ 40 mm from the feeding to the discharging, and the screw length to diameter ratio is 5:1-8:1.
  • the melt material can be rapidly compressed, so that the wetting agent such as water can be quickly evaporated from the structure, so that the wet gel forms numerous microporous structures, and has a continuous high-efficiency devolatilization function.
  • the invention adopts a thermoplastic melt colloid as a molten state as a support, and uses an inert gas as a support to realize a continuous and efficient production of a building thermal insulating aerogel material by a kneading screw reactor, and the outstanding features are as follows:
  • thermoplastic melt used in the present invention not only assists in the rapid drying of the aerogel in a molten state, but also forms a continuous network structure after the aerogel is formed, thereby achieving toughening of the aerogel material.
  • the invention adopts an inert gas source, and continuously supplies the gas source during the rapid drainage process of the aerogel, maintaining a complete aerogel nano-frame structure, the thermal conductivity is less than 0.02 W / (m K), and the porosity can be greater than 96%, specific surface area greater than 800 m2 / g, with excellent thermal insulation properties.
  • the production process is simple and efficient.
  • the continuous kneading screw reactor of the invention causes the wet gel to instantaneously dry and expand, and the inert gas acts as an aerogel support while the liquid component is volatilized, ensuring that the complete skeleton structure of the aerogel does not collapse, completing
  • the transition from wet gel to aerogel avoids the complicated process of supercritical drying and avoids the collapse of aerogel pores during atmospheric drying.
  • the production process is simple, the operation is stable, and continuous mass production is possible.
  • the invention has the characteristics of continuous large-scale production, effectively reduces the cost of aerogel, and promotes wide application in the field of building energy conservation, and can be applied to the fields of thermal insulation board, thermal insulation mortar, thermal insulation coating and the like.
  • the thermal conductivity of the cement board is reduced from 0. 8 W / (m ⁇ ⁇ ) to 0.2 W / (m ⁇ ⁇ ), after the aerogel is added to the cement board at a volume ratio of 30%.
  • the inert gas acts as an aerogel support while the liquid component is volatilized, and the transformation of the wet gel to the aerogel is completed, and the pellet is cut by a pelletizer to form a uniform granular gas.
  • Gel, aerogel is spherical with a diameter of 3-5 mm.
  • the aerogel is 0.5 kg and 42. 5R cement 350kg, ash calcium powder 125kg, 40-70 mesh sand 500kg, resin rubber powder 15kg, mixed preparation of thermal insulation mortar, the product fully meets the technical requirements of national standard GB/T26000-2010 :
  • the inert gas acts as an aerogel support while the liquid component is volatilized, and the transformation of the wet gel to the aerogel is completed, and the pellet is cut by a pelletizer to form a uniform granular gas.
  • Gel, aerogel is spherical with a diameter of 3-5 mm.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the coating is only 0. 03W / the heat transfer coefficient of the coating is only 0. 03W / the heat transfer coefficient of the coating is 0. 03W / m ⁇ K.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法。所述建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料原料组成为:二氧化硅溶胶70-90份,聚乙烯醇热熔胶10-28份、疏水剂1-2份。所述制备方法以二氧化硅溶胶为主体,以聚乙烯醇热熔胶为热塑性熔胶体,以惰性气体为支撑体,通过连续捏炼式螺杆反应机的瞬时高温、高压,使凝胶在挤压筒中被挤压,湿凝胶中的液体成分在模口因瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀,在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气体作为气凝胶支撑体,确保气凝胶完整的骨架结构不坍缩,完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变。所述气凝胶强度好、孔隙率高、保温性能优异,可应用于建筑保温板材、保温砂浆、保温涂料等领域。

Description

一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑保温隔热材料领域,具体涉及一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法。 背景技术
当今世界能源问题已经成为影响发展的重大问题, 由于建筑耗能在整个能源消耗中占 30%〜40%, 所以建筑节能意义重大。 建筑保温隔热材料是建筑节能的一个重要措施, 目前国 内市场应用最为广泛的保温形式是外墙外保温, 由于有机保温材料导热系数低, 隔热保温性 能良好, 目前被广泛应用于建筑节能。 但是有机保温材料存在着种种弊端, 比如原材料使用 石油资源、 环保性差、 易燃、 耐候性差、 易老化等。 尤其是随着推广应用进一步深入, 有机 保温材料易燃的缺陷逐步暴露, 严重的威胁到人们的安全。 因此低导热系数、 高温不燃的保 温材料成为建筑保温节能领域的发展趋势。
气凝胶具有三维纳米多孔结构, 孔洞率高, 比表面积大, 热导率低, 是当前热导率最低 的固态材料, 具有优异的保温性能和防火性能, 是传统保温材料的理想替代品, 具有良好的 应用前景, 被国内外所高度关注。 但气凝胶因其制备工艺复杂, 生产成本昂贵, 一直以来仅 在航天航空、 军工、 医药载体等高端领域应用。 应用于建筑保温节能领域面临着成本高、 产 量低的瓶颈限制。 目前, 气凝胶的制备通常由溶胶-凝胶过程和超临界干燥处理, 在溶胶-凝 胶过程中, 通过控制溶液的水解和缩聚反应条件, 在溶体内形成多孔道构的纳米原子团, 纳 米原子团之间相互粘结形成凝胶体, 凝胶体的固态骨架周围则充满化学反应后剩余的液体试 剂。 为了防止凝胶干燥过程中微孔洞塌陷, 通常采用超临界干燥工艺处理。 超临界干燥工艺 可以较好地保持凝胶的多孔网络结构, 但是超临界干燥所需的条件很苛刻, 制备周期耗时长, 对设备要求高, 能耗大, 无法实现连续生产, 导致气凝胶产品的价格极其昂贵。 尽管气凝胶 具有良好的保温、 隔热、 防火性能, 但现有技术生产的气凝胶由于成本过高, 无法在建筑保 温领域大规模应用。 为了突破气凝胶在建筑保温隔热领域应用中成本的限制, 近年来, 不断 出现了采用非超临界干燥法制备气凝胶。
中国专利公开号为 CN102557577A公开了一种二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的制备及方法。该 方法用纤维做增强材料, 通过洗涤、 不同温度下分段常压干燥得到了二氧化硅气凝胶, 不但 需要大量溶剂, 而且耗时长。
中国专利公开号为 CN201310000374公开了一种二氧化硅气凝胶的低成本制备方法。该气 凝胶的制备采用表面活性剂, 将液 /气界面消除或者转化为较小附着力的界面, 使其在干燥过 程中对网络结构的完整程度破坏在有限范围内, 但随着气凝胶孔道率的增加和大量细小气孔 的尺寸处于纳米级, 毛细管效应导致干燥困难, 而且难以获得高孔率的气凝胶。 到目前为止, 采用非超临界干燥法制备气凝胶技术主要集中在提高凝胶结构网络结构的 支撑强度和降低毛细吸附力的影响, 还未形成较为成熟的技术方案, 无法在完全保证气凝胶 网络结构不破坏的前提下达到是气凝胶材料干燥。 为此本发明提出了一种技术方案, 借以达 到气凝胶连续干燥、 高强度、 低成本的关键指标。 使气凝胶材料可以替代现有有机保温板在 外墙外保温***中的应用, 替代无机玻化微珠应用于保温砂浆, 混入涂料致使涂料具备保温 隔热效果, 达到气凝胶材料在墙体保温领域的广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明针对目前气凝胶强度低、 制备工艺复杂、 成本昂贵的缺陷, 提供一种可用于建筑 节能领域的建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料。 所述建筑保温隔热气凝胶由二氧化硅溶胶和聚乙烯醇 热熔胶组成。
本发明进一步的目的是提供一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的制备方法, 该方法是以二氧 化硅溶胶为主体, 以聚乙烯醇热熔胶为热塑性熔胶体, 以惰性气体为支撑体, 通过连续捏炼 式螺杆反应机的瞬时高温、 高压, 使凝胶在挤压筒中被挤压, 湿凝胶中的液体成分在模口因 瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气体作为气凝胶支撑体, 确保气凝胶完 整的骨架结构不坍缩, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变。
本发明一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶, 提供如下解决方案:
1、 本发明一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料, 其特征在于原料组成(重量份)为: 二氧化硅 溶胶 70-90份, 聚乙烯醇热熔胶 10-28份、 疏水剂 1-2份。
2、 上述二氧化硅溶胶是由正硅酸甲酯或者正硅酸乙酯水解而得的溶胶, 固含量 50-60%。
3、 上述聚乙烯醇热熔胶是由聚乙烯醇、 丙三醇、 聚乙二醇 -2000、 交联剂通过机械力化 学研磨改性而得的微细粉末, 其中聚乙烯醇选用细度 200 目、 醇解度 87%〜89%的 17-88, 交 联剂为己二酸、 丁二酸、 顺丁烯二酸酐、 硼砂中至少一种。
4、 上述所述疏水剂为异丙氧基三 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛、 乙二酯基 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛、 二硬脂酰乙撑钛中至少一种。
5、 本发明一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的制备方法有如下步骤:
( 1 ) 制备二氧化硅溶胶;
( 2 ) 制备聚乙烯醇热熔胶;
( 3 ) 制备陈化湿凝胶;
( 4) 制备建筑保温隔热气凝胶。
6、如上述制备方法所述的制备二氧化硅溶胶, 是将 50-60重量份的正硅酸甲酯或者正硅 酸乙酯、 20-30重量份醇溶剂加入到容器中搅拌 5-10分钟, 加入 5-10重量份甲基三乙氧基 加入 10-15份水, 榥抨 3-5分钾, 加入盐酸调节浴液 pH为 3-5, 设定吞器油温加热温 度 80-100 °C继续搅拌水解 30-60分钟而得。
7、 如上述制备方法所述的制备聚乙烯醇热熔胶, 是将 80-90份的聚乙烯醇、 5-10份丙 三醇、 2-8份聚乙二醇 -2000、 1-3份交联剂通过机械力化学研磨改性而得, 研磨机采用涡流 研磨机; 通过涡流流动使聚乙¾醇与改性荆充分剥离反应 并通过转盘电抗调速机调整转盘 速度为 iOOO- 1200r/ffiin, 是达到一定粒度和反应的聚乙烯醇翰末连续排出, 具有连续高效的 生产效果。
8、 如上述制备方法所述的制备陈化湿凝胶, 是将 10-28 重量份聚乙烯醇热熔胶、 1-2 份疏水剂加入 70-90份二氧化硅溶胶液, 添加三乙醇胺调节 pH值为 8〜10, 搅拌均匀, 聚乙 烯醇热熔胶在高温下具有热塑性, 同时在水溶剂中具有溶解性, 可均匀分散于湿凝胶, 然后 放入密闭陈化槽陈化 24小时得到陈化湿凝胶。
9、如上述制备方法所述的制备建筑保温隔热气凝胶, 将连续捏炼式螺杆反应机筒体温度 升至 100-120 °C, 打开循环冷却水阀, 控制螺杆压力机温度维持在 100-120 °C, 将陈化湿凝胶 加入连续捏炼式螺杆反应机, 湿凝胶不断加入螺杆反应机, 同时泵入惰性气体源, 湿凝胶在 聚乙烯醇热熔胶的拉伸下变为瞬时熔融态, 进入模头的湿凝胶由于液体成分在模口因瞬间的 蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气体作为气凝胶支撑体, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝 胶的转变, 通过切粒机切断形成均匀的颗粒状气凝胶。
10、 上述所述的惰性气体源为碳酸氢钠, 其在湿凝胶进入模头时泵入, 在瞬时高压、 高 温条件下持续释放惰性气体, 确保气凝胶完整的骨架结构不坍缩。
11、上述所述连续捏炼式螺杆反应机为渐缩式单螺杆机,螺杆直径从进料到出料由 Φ 60cm 缩减为 Φ 40mm,螺杆长径比为 5 : 1— 8 : 1, 其对熔体物料可进行快速压缩, 使水等湿润剂迅速 从组织结构中蒸发出来, 使湿凝胶内部形成无数微孔结构, 具有连续高效脱挥功能。
本发明以热塑性熔胶体作为熔融态辅助, 以惰性气体作为支撑, 通过捏炼式螺杆反应机 实现了连续、 高效生产建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料, 其突出的特点在于:
1、 强度好。本发明使用的热塑性熔胶体不但辅助气凝胶在熔融状态下快速干燥, 而且在 气凝胶形成后热塑性熔胶体形成连续的网状结构, 达到气凝胶材料增韧。
2、 孔隙率高, 保温性能优异。 本发明采用惰性气体源, 在气凝胶快速排水过程中, 持续 供给气源, 维持了完整的气凝胶纳米骨架结构, 导热系数低于 0. 02 W/ (m K), 孔隙率可大于 96%, 比表面积大于 800 m2/g, 具有极好的保温隔热性能。
3、 生产工艺简单高效。 本发明连续捏炼式螺杆反应机使湿凝胶瞬间干燥而产生膨胀, 在 液体成分挥发的同时惰性气体作为气凝胶支撑体, 确保气凝胶完整的骨架结构不坍缩, 完成 了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变, 制备工艺避免了超临界干燥法的复杂工艺, 也避免了常压干燥时 气凝胶孔道塌陷的缺陷。 生产工艺简单、 操作稳定、 可连续大规模生产。
4、 应用广泛。 本发明具有可连续大规模生产的特点, 有效降低气凝胶成本, 促使在建筑 节能领域广泛应用, 可应用于保温板材、 保温砂浆、 保温涂料等领域。
具体实施方式 以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明, 但不应将此理解为本发明的范围 仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用 手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。 实施例 1
1 ) 将 60重量份的正硅酸甲酯、 20重量份乙二醇加入到容器中搅拌 10分钟, 加入 10重 量份甲基三乙氧基硅垸, 加入 10份水, 搅拌 3分钟, 加入盐酸调节溶液 pH为 5, 设定容器 油温加热温度 100°C继续搅拌水解 60分钟, 得到二氧化硅溶胶;
2 )将 80份的聚乙烯醇 1788、 10份丙三醇、 2份聚乙二醇 -2000、 1份硼砂通过研磨改性 得到聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末;
3 ) 将 10重量份聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末、 2份乙二酯基 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛加入 88份二氧 化硅溶胶液, 添加三乙醇胺调节 pH值为 10, 搅拌均匀, 将聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末均匀分散于 湿凝胶, 然后放入密闭陈化槽陈化 24小时得到陈化湿凝胶;
4) 将 JS-60型连续捏炼式螺杆反应机筒体温度升至 120°C, 打开循环冷却水阀, 控制螺 杆压力机温度维持在 120°C, 将陈化湿凝胶加入连续捏炼式螺杆反应机, 湿凝胶不断加入螺 杆反应机, 同时泵入惰性气体源, 湿凝胶在聚乙烯醇热熔胶的拉伸下变为瞬时熔融态, 进入 模头的湿凝胶由于液体成分在模口因瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气 体作为气凝胶支撑体, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变, 通过切粒机切断形成均匀的颗粒状气 凝胶。
通过测试各
Figure imgf000005_0001
^ lOMPa
将该气凝胶按照体积比 30%掺入水泥板后, 水泥板的导热系数由 0. 8W/ (m · Κ)降低至 0. 2 W/ (m · Κ)。
实施例 2
1 ) 将 55重量份的正硅酸乙酯、 20重量份乙二醇加入到容器中搅拌 10分钟, 加入 10重 量份甲基三乙氧基硅垸, 加入 15份水, 搅拌 3分钟, 加入盐酸调节溶液 pH为 5, 设定容器 油温加热温度 100°C继续搅拌水解 50分钟, 得到二氧化硅溶胶;
2 ) 将 90份的聚乙烯醇 1788、 5丙三醇、 2份聚乙二醇 -2000、 3份丁二酸通过研磨改性 得到聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末;
3 ) 将 25份聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末、 2份异丙氧基三 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛加入 73份二氧化 硅溶胶液, 添加三乙醇胺调节 pH值为 10, 搅拌均匀, 将聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末均匀分散于湿 凝胶, 然后放入密闭陈化槽陈化 24小时得到陈化湿凝胶;
4) 将 JS-60型连续捏炼式螺杆反应机筒体温度升至 120°C, 打开循环冷却水阀, 控制螺 杆压力机温度维持在 120°C, 将陈化湿凝胶加入连续捏炼式螺杆反应机, 湿凝胶不断加入螺 杆反应机, 同时泵入惰性气体源, 湿凝胶在聚乙烯醇热熔胶的拉伸下变为瞬时熔融态, 进入 模头的湿凝胶由于液体成分在模口因瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气 体作为气凝胶支撑体, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变, 通过切粒机切断形成均匀的颗粒状气 凝胶, 气凝胶呈直径为 3-5mm的球状。
通过测试各项性能指标如下表:
Figure imgf000006_0001
将该气凝胶 0. 5立方与 42. 5R水泥 350kg, 灰钙粉 125kg, 40-70目砂 子 500kg, 树 脂胶粉 15kg, 混合制备保温砂浆, 产品完全符合国标 GB/T26000-2010的技术要求:
测试项目 性能指标
干密度 (Kg / m3) 200
导热系数 (W / m. k) 0. 05
抗压强度 (MPa) 1. 0
防火等级(根据 GB5464标准) A级 实施例 3
1 ) 将 50重量份的正硅酸乙酯、 25重量份乙二醇加入到容器中搅拌 5分钟, 加入 5重量 份甲基三乙氧基硅垸, 加入 10份水, 搅拌 3分钟, 加入盐酸调节溶液 pH为 5, 设定容器油 温加热温度 100 °C继续搅拌水解 30分钟, 得到二氧化硅溶胶;
2 ) 将 85份的聚乙烯醇 1788、 8丙三醇、 4份聚乙二醇 -2000、 3份己二酸通过研磨改性 得到聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末;
3 ) 将 20份聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末、 2份异丙氧基三 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛加入 78份二氧化 硅溶胶液, 添加三乙醇胺调节 pH值为 9, 搅拌均匀, 将聚乙烯醇热熔胶粉末均匀分散于湿凝 胶, 然后放入密闭陈化槽陈化 24小时得到陈化湿凝胶;
4 ) 将 JS-60型连续捏炼式螺杆反应机筒体温度升至 120 °C, 打开循环冷却水阀, 控制螺 杆压力机温度维持在 120 °C, 将陈化湿凝胶加入连续捏炼式螺杆反应机, 湿凝胶不断加入螺 杆反应机, 同时泵入惰性气体源, 湿凝胶在聚乙烯醇热熔胶的拉伸下变为瞬时熔融态, 进入 模头的湿凝胶由于液体成分在模口因瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液体成分挥发的同时惰性气 体作为气凝胶支撑体, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变, 通过切粒机切断形成均匀的颗粒状气 凝胶, 气凝胶呈直径为 3-5mm的球状。
通过测试各项性能指标如下表:
Figure imgf000007_0001
将该气凝胶低速搅拌细化至 50-70 目用于涂料, 经测试, 2mm后的涂料能有效抑制热量的传 导热, 隔热保温效率可达 80 %, 涂料导热系数只有 0. 03W/m · K。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料, 其特征在于原料组成 (重量份) 为:
二氧化硅溶胶 70-90份
聚乙烯醇热瑢胶 10-28份
疏水剂 1-2份
其中, 所述二氧化硅溶胶是由正硅酸甲酯或者正硅酸乙酯水解而得的溶胶, 固含量 50-60%;
所述聚乙烯醇热熔胶是由聚乙烯醇、 丙三醇、 聚乙二醇 -2000、 交联剂通过机械力化学研 磨改性而得的微细粉末, 其中聚乙烯醇选用细度 200 目、 醇解度 87%〜89%的 17-88, 交联剂 选用己二酸、 丁二酸、 顺丁烯二酸酐、 硼砂中至少一种;
所述疏水剂为异丙氧基三 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛、 乙二酯基 (焦磷酸二辛酯) 钛、 二硬脂 酰乙撑钛中至少一种。
2. 制备权利要求 1所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的方法, 其特征在于按照如下步骤 制备:
( 1 ) 制备二氧化硅溶胶;
( 2 ) 制备聚乙烯醇热熔胶:
( 3 ) 制备陈化湿凝胶;
(4 ) 制备建筑保温隔热气凝胶。
3. 制备权利要求 1所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的方法, 其特征是权利要求 2所述 的制备二氧化硅溶胶, 是将 50-60重量份的正硅酸甲酯或者正硅酸乙酯、 20-30重量份醇溶 剂加入到容器中搅拌 5-L0分钟, 加入 5-10重量份甲基三乙氧基硅烷, 加入 10-15份水, 搅 拌 3-5分钟, 加入盐酸调节溶液 pH为 3-5, 设定容器油温加热温度 80-100°C继续搅拌水解 30-60分钟而得。
4. 制备权利要求 1所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的方法, 其特征是权利要求 2所述 的制备聚乙烯醇热熔胶, 是将 80-90份的聚乙烯醇、 5-10份丙三醇、 2-8份聚乙二醇 -2000、 1-3份交联剂通过机械力化学研磨改性而得。
5. 制备权利要求 1所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的方法, 其特征是权利要求 2所述 的制备陈化湿凝胶, 是将 10-28重量份聚乙烯醇热熔胶、 1-2份疏水剂加入 70-90份二氧化 硅溶胶液, 添加三乙醇胺调节 PH值为 8〜10, 搅拌均匀, 聚乙烯醇热熔胶在高温下具有热塑 性, 同时在水溶剂中具有溶解性, 可均匀分散于湿凝胶, 然后放入密闭陈化槽陈化 24小时得 到陈化湿凝胶。
6. 制备权利要求 1所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料的方法, 其特征是权利要求 2所述 的制备建筑保温隔热气凝胶, 是将连续捏炼式螺杆反应机筒体温度升至 100-120°C, 打开循 环冷却水阀, 控制螺杆压力机温度维持在 100-120°C, 将陈化湿凝胶加入连续捏炼式螺杆反 应机, 湿凝胶不断加入螺杆反应机, 同时泵入惰性气体源, 湿凝胶在聚乙烯醇热熔胶的拉伸 下变为瞬时熔融态, 进入模头的湿凝胶由于液体成分在模口因瞬间的蒸发而产生膨胀, 在液 体成分挥发的同时惰性气体作为气凝胶支撑体, 完成了湿凝胶向气凝胶的转变, 通过切粒机 切断形成均匀的颗粒状气凝胶。
7.如权利要求 6所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料, 其特征是制备方法中的惰性气体源 为碳酸氢钠, 其在湿凝胶进入模头时泵入, 在瞬时高压、 高温条件下持续释放惰性气体, 确 保气凝胶完整的骨架结构不坍缩。
8. 如权利要求 6所述一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料, 其特征是制备方法中所述连续捏炼 式螺杆反应机为渐缩式单螺杆机, 螺杆直径从进料到出料由 Φ 60cm缩减为 Φ 40mm,螺杆长径 比为 5 : 1— 8 : 1。
PCT/CN2014/083024 2013-07-26 2014-07-25 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法 WO2015010651A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2013103293777A CN103408279A (zh) 2013-07-26 2013-07-26 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法
CN201310329377.7 2013-07-26
CN201410329168.7A CN104086150B (zh) 2013-07-26 2014-07-11 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法
CN201410329168.7 2014-07-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015010651A1 true WO2015010651A1 (zh) 2015-01-29

Family

ID=49601338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/083024 WO2015010651A1 (zh) 2013-07-26 2014-07-25 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (2) CN103408279A (zh)
WO (1) WO2015010651A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103408279A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-11-27 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法
CN104029429A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-10 航天海鹰(镇江)特种材料有限公司 一种以热熔胶为粘结剂的气凝胶复合布料及其制备方法
CN105314933B (zh) * 2014-08-04 2017-07-18 天津武铄科技有限公司 一种低导热保温砂浆
CN105502493B (zh) * 2015-12-23 2017-01-18 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种通过磁化常压干燥制备气凝胶的方法
CN105540598B (zh) * 2015-12-23 2017-12-05 陆福萍 一种利用可膨胀微胶囊常压制备二氧化硅气凝胶的方法
CN106431168B (zh) * 2016-09-29 2018-08-07 正一集团有限公司 一种常压干燥制备大块状柔性气凝胶的方法
CN108383468A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-10 重庆渝茁科技有限公司 建筑用复合型保温隔热材料
CN111138130B (zh) * 2020-01-03 2022-02-18 登封市嵩基水泥有限公司 一种隔热型水泥
CN111545136B (zh) * 2020-04-05 2021-02-19 北京化工大学 一种高效光热转化的自悬浮聚合物气凝胶的制备方法及其应用
CN114602395B (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-11-08 西安理工大学 具有表面褶皱的有机气凝胶薄片及其制备方法
CN114804818B (zh) * 2022-05-24 2023-04-11 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 一种低成本气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101096273A (zh) * 2007-06-05 2008-01-02 南京工业大学 一种块状低密度凝胶隔热复合材料
CN101224890A (zh) * 2008-01-25 2008-07-23 浙江大学 一种以无机矿物为原料制备二氧化硅气凝胶的方法
CN102079949A (zh) * 2010-12-22 2011-06-01 李志� 纳米气凝胶保温涂料的制备方法
CN102557577A (zh) * 2011-11-01 2012-07-11 厦门纳美特新材料科技有限公司 一种二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的制备及方法
CN103130231A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 一种二氧化硅气凝胶材料及其制备方法
CN103408279A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-11-27 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101456569B (zh) * 2008-07-22 2012-09-12 绍兴纳诺气凝胶新材料研发中心有限公司 一种水热合成低成本快速制备气凝胶的方法
CN102617101B (zh) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-04 陕西盟创纳米新型材料股份有限公司 一种外墙隔热板的制备方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101096273A (zh) * 2007-06-05 2008-01-02 南京工业大学 一种块状低密度凝胶隔热复合材料
CN101224890A (zh) * 2008-01-25 2008-07-23 浙江大学 一种以无机矿物为原料制备二氧化硅气凝胶的方法
CN102079949A (zh) * 2010-12-22 2011-06-01 李志� 纳米气凝胶保温涂料的制备方法
CN102557577A (zh) * 2011-11-01 2012-07-11 厦门纳美特新材料科技有限公司 一种二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的制备及方法
CN103130231A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 一种二氧化硅气凝胶材料及其制备方法
CN103408279A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-11-27 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104086150A (zh) 2014-10-08
CN104086150B (zh) 2016-06-29
CN103408279A (zh) 2013-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2015010651A1 (zh) 一种建筑保温隔热气凝胶材料及制备方法
CN106630930B (zh) 一种连续制备气凝胶保温隔热毡的方法
CN104478394B (zh) 一种纤维毡增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合板的制备方法
CN103553343B (zh) 一种利用废玻璃制备微孔泡沫玻璃的方法
CN105601192B (zh) 无机复合开孔发泡真空绝热板芯材及其制备方法
CN101693795A (zh) 一种膏状保温隔热弹性腻子
CN103553502A (zh) 一种含二氧化硅气凝胶的无机轻质保温板及其制备方法
CN108673977B (zh) 一种纳米复合隔热材料及其制备方法
CN111635243B (zh) 可再生氧化硅气凝胶复合材料、其制法、再生方法与应用
CN102531467A (zh) 硬泡聚氨酯-膨胀玻化微珠复合保温阻燃板及其制备方法
CN106478077A (zh) 一种建筑用多孔保温陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN106565198B (zh) 一种常压干燥制备柔性二氧化硅气凝胶的方法
CN110527396B (zh) 一种具有等级孔微结构的气凝胶阻燃保温泡沫型涂料及其制备方法
CN112390571A (zh) 一种相变复合气凝胶及其制备方法
WO2022267299A1 (zh) 一种节能和力学性能优良的纸面石膏板及其制备方法
CN110452480B (zh) 一种超轻绝热柔性气凝胶的制备方法
CN105884393A (zh) 一种高阻燃的节能保温板及其制备方法
CN107140936A (zh) 一种适合工业化批量生产的中空玻璃微球基保温材料的制备方法
CN107602050B (zh) 一种轻量化建筑保温材料的制备方法
Tian et al. A study of effect factors on sodium silicate based expanded perlite insulation board strength
CN112608101B (zh) 一种低容重无机复合聚苯不燃保温材料及其制备方法
CN105399439A (zh) 一种无机发泡保温板及其制备方法
CN109293335A (zh) 一种高强度隔热板及其制备方法
CN108610092A (zh) 一种高强度建筑保温材料及其制备方法
CN106630837A (zh) 一种复合聚多巴胺膜改性再生eps粒子‑硅酸盐水泥复合发泡保温板及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14829608

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14829608

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1