WO2015008647A1 - Yoke for universal joint and production method therefor - Google Patents
Yoke for universal joint and production method therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015008647A1 WO2015008647A1 PCT/JP2014/068079 JP2014068079W WO2015008647A1 WO 2015008647 A1 WO2015008647 A1 WO 2015008647A1 JP 2014068079 W JP2014068079 W JP 2014068079W WO 2015008647 A1 WO2015008647 A1 WO 2015008647A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- press
- base
- universal joint
- shaft
- hole
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
- F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
- F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
- F16D3/387—Fork construction; Mounting of fork on shaft; Adapting shaft for mounting of fork
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/76—Making machine elements elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups
- B21K1/762—Coupling members for conveying mechanical motion, e.g. universal joints
- B21K1/765—Outer elements of coupling members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
- F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
- F16D1/068—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
- F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
- F16D1/0852—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft
- F16D1/0858—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft due to the elasticity of the hub (including shrink fits)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a yoke that forms a cross shaft type universal joint (cardan joint) for connecting the rotating shafts constituting the steering device so that torque can be transmitted, and an improvement of the manufacturing method thereof.
- the automobile steering device is configured as shown in FIG.
- the movement of the steering wheel 1 operated by the driver is transmitted to the input shaft 6 of the steering gear unit 5 via the steering shaft 2, the universal joint 3a, the intermediate shaft 4, and another universal joint 3b.
- the rack and pinion mechanism built in the steering gear unit 5 pushes and pulls the pair of left and right tie rods 7 and 7 so that the right and left pair of steered wheels have an appropriate steering angle corresponding to the operation amount of the steering wheel 1. It is configured to grant.
- Each of the universal joints 3a and 3b includes a pair of yokes 8a and 8b (8c and 8d), and a cross shaft 9 that pivotably connects the tip ends of the pair of yokes 8a and 8b (8c and 8d).
- the base of one yoke 8a (8c) is coupled and fixed to the rear end of the male shaft 10 (the front end of the female shaft 11 which is a hollow shaft) that is a solid shaft constituting the intermediate shaft 4 so as to transmit torque.
- the base portion of the other yoke 8b (8d) is coupled and fixed to the front end portion (rear end portion of the input shaft 6) of the steering shaft 2 so that torque can be transmitted.
- the intermediate shaft 4 is formed by combining a male shaft 10 and a female shaft 11 so that torque can be transmitted and relative displacement in the axial direction can be achieved.
- FIG. 13 shows a first example of a conventional structure of a yoke called a vertical insertion type that can be used as one yoke 8a, 8c constituting the universal joints 3a, 3b.
- the yoke 8e shown in FIG. 13 is described in Patent Document 1 or the like, and is widely known from the past, by applying a stamping and bending process to a metal plate material such as a steel sheet, or It is made in one piece by forging or punching a metal material such as a steel round bar.
- a yoke 8e includes a base portion 12 and a pair of arm portions 13 and 13.
- the base 12 is formed in a substantially annular shape, and has a coupling hole 14 formed in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG.
- the coupling hole 14 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface, or a serration hole formed by forming female serrations on the inner peripheral surface of such a circular hole.
- the arm parts 13 and 13 are provided in a state extending from two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction of the base part 12 to one axial side (upper side in FIG. 13). Concentric circular holes 15 and 15 are formed at the distal ends of the arm portions 13 and 13, respectively.
- the inner side surfaces of the arm portions 13 and 13 facing each other and the one side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12 are smoothly continuous by concave curved surfaces, respectively.
- the end portion of the shaft 18 formed in a columnar shape or a circular tube shape such as an intermediate shaft is coupled to the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as described above, first, the end portion of the shaft 18 is coupled to the base portion 12. It press-fits into the hole 14 (it fits with an interference fit).
- the coupling hole 14 is a serration hole, male serration is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18. Then, with the press-fitting, the male serration is engaged with the serration hole with a tightening margin.
- welding is performed on the corner between the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12 (the lower side surface in FIG. 13) and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 18, thereby welding metal 19 between both surfaces.
- the end portion of the shaft 18 is coupled and fixed to the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e so that torque can be transmitted.
- FIG. 14 shows a second example of a conventional structure of a vertically inserted yoke.
- the yoke 8f of the second example of the conventional structure in the base portion 12a, in the peripheral portion of the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole 14, compared to the peripheral portion near the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole 14.
- An overhanging ring portion 20 having a reduced radial thickness is provided.
- the overhang ring portion 20 and the shaft 18 are welded in a state where the weld metal 19 is passed between the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhang ring portion 20 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 18.
- the overhanging ring portion 20 can be intensively heated when performing the above-described welding (the heat applied to the overhanging ring portion 20 is applied to the shaft of the base portion 12a). Can be difficult to disperse in the middle part of the direction). For this reason, the amount of penetration of the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhang ring portion 20 can be increased, and the strength of the welded portion can be easily secured correspondingly.
- the entire coupling hole 14 is a press-fitting hole for press-fitting the end of the shaft 18.
- a large hoop stress (a tensile stress in the circumferential direction) is generated in the surface layer portion of the coupling hole 14 as the end portion of the shaft 18 is press-fitted.
- a cross-shaft type is provided on the peripheral edge of the one end opening of the coupling hole 14 (P portion in FIGS. 13 and 14), which is a continuous portion between one axial side surface of the base 12 (12a) and the inner peripheral surface of the coupling hole 14.
- the present invention generates a large hoop stress in the surface layer portion of the press-fitting hole portion of the coupling hole and presses the end portion of the shaft into the coupling hole, and at the time of torque transmission, Invented to realize a structure capable of easily designing for securing strength and a manufacturing method thereof for a universal joint yoke in which stress concentration due to torsion occurs at the peripheral edge of one end opening of the coupling hole. .
- an annular base portion having a coupling hole formed in the axial direction at a radial center portion;
- a pair of arms provided in a state of extending in one axial direction from two positions opposite to the radial direction of the base;
- a universal joint yoke comprising:
- the coupling hole has at least an axially intermediate portion of the axially intermediate portion or the other end portion as a press-fit hole portion for press-fitting an end portion of the shaft, and is adjacent to the press-fit hole portion in the axial direction.
- an overhanging ring having a smaller thickness in the radial direction around the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole than in the surrounding portion near the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole.
- the non-pressing hole portions are respectively recessed in the radial direction at two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction orthogonal to the facing direction of the inner surfaces of the pair of arm portions, and
- the universal joint yoke according to any one of (1) to (5), comprising a recess for reducing rigidity that opens on one side surface in the axial direction.
- a method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to (4) Prepare a press die having a non-press-fit hole working surface that is a work surface that matches the non-press-fit hole portion on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion, and form a substantially disk shape or a substantially circular shape for forming the base portion After obtaining the intermediate material having the columnar base meat portion, the front end portion of the pressing mold is pushed into the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion.
- the portion that matches the processing surface for the non-press-fit hole portion is used as the non-press-fit hole portion, and the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion is bulged in the axial direction. And let this bulged portion be the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion, Manufacturing method of universal joint yoke.
- a chamfered portion processing surface that is a processing surface that matches the chamfered portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the press die, From the central part of one side in the axial direction of the base meat part that constitutes the intermediate material, by pushing the tip of the pressing mold into the inside of the base meat part, The portion that matches the processed surface for non-press-fit holes is the non-press-fit hole portion, and the portion that matches the processed surface for chamfered portions is the chamfered portion, The manufacturing method of the universal joint yoke described in (7).
- the surface layer portion of the press-fitting hole portion of the joint hole which is a portion where a large hoop stress is generated when the end of the shaft is press-fitted into the joint hole, and the cross
- a continuous portion of the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion of the coupling hole and one axial side surface of the base portion, where stress concentration occurs due to torsion is located at a position away from each other.
- the chamfered portion is provided in the continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion of the coupling hole and the one side surface in the axial direction of the base portion. Therefore, the maximum value of the stress generated in the base can be kept lower. As a result, the design for ensuring the strength and rigidity of the base can be performed more easily.
- each part is a part of the part, and parts in the same phase as both ends in the width direction of the base end part of the pair of arm parts with respect to the circumferential direction (four parts where stress concentration due to torsion becomes particularly large) Can reduce the stress concentration.
- the front end of the press die is placed inside the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion of the intermediate material.
- a non-press-fit hole part and a meat part for the overhanging ring part for forming the overhanging ring part can be formed at the same time. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
- the overhanging ring portion can be heated intensively during welding, the amount of penetration of the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhanging ring portion can be reduced. It can be increased, and it is easy to secure the strength of the welded part.
- the tip of the pressing die is placed inside the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion of the intermediate material.
- the non-press-fit hole portion and the chamfered portion and the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion can be formed simultaneously. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a yoke manufacturing method in the order of steps.
- FIG. 7A is an enlarged view of a portion b in FIG. (B) is the same figure as (A) regarding a comparative example.
- (A) is the end elevation seen from the front end side of the yoke which shows the 2nd example of an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG. (A)
- (B) is a dd sectional view of (A).
- the figure similar to FIG. 3 which shows another example of the shape of the chamfering part employable when implementing this invention.
- the partially cut side view which shows an example of the steering apparatus known conventionally.
- FIGS. 1, 2B, and 4 to 6 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- the feature of this example is mainly the structure of the coupling hole 14a provided in the central portion in the radial direction of the base portion 12b, and the manufacturing method of the yoke 8g provided with such a coupling hole 14a.
- Including the point that an overhanging ring portion 20 is provided at the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12b, and the structure and operation of the other portions are the same as those of the prior art shown in FIG. Since this is the same as in the case of the second example of the structure, the overlapping description will be omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on the features of this example.
- one side means the upper side in each of FIGS. 1, 2B, and 4 to 6, and the other side means The lower side in each figure is said.
- the coupling hole 14a has a press-fitting hole part 21 for press-fitting the end part of the shaft 18 at the axially intermediate part or the other end part.
- one end in the axial direction adjacent to the press-fit hole 21 in the axial direction is a non-press-fit hole 22 having a larger diameter than the press-fit hole 21 and into which the end of the shaft 18 is not press-fit.
- the press-fit hole portion 21 and the non-press-fit hole portion 22 are provided concentrically with each other, and between the axial end edges of the press-fit hole portion 21 and the non-press-fit hole portion 22 are circular (in the illustrated example, circular).
- An annular step surface 23 is provided.
- the press-fitting hole 21 is a circular hole or a serration hole similar to the coupling hole 14 constituting the yoke 8f of the second example of the conventional structure shown in FIG.
- the non-press-fit hole portion 22 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface. Continuation of the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and one axial side surface of the base portion 12b (including a concave curved surface that smoothly connects the one axial side surface and the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13 and 13).
- an R chamfer 24 having a partial arc shape in cross section is provided over the entire circumference of the section.
- the R chamfered portion 24 is formed by press working.
- the first intermediate material 25 has a substantially disk-like or substantially columnar base meat part 26 for forming the base part 12b, and two axial positions opposite to the base part meat part 26 in the radial direction from one position in the axial direction.
- a pair of arm portion meat portions 27 and 27 each having a substantially rectangular plate shape are provided to form a pair of arm portions 13 and 13 provided in an extended state.
- first intermediate material 25 is obtained, then, with the first intermediate material 25 placed in a cavity of a die (not shown), from the central portion on one side surface in the axial direction of the base meat portion 26, the base material
- the tip of a press die (press punch) 28 as shown in FIG. 5 is pushed into the meat portion 26.
- the front end surface of the press die 28 is a circular plane perpendicular to the axial direction.
- the outer diameter side portion of the front end surface of the pressing die 28 is a step surface processing surface 29 that is a processing surface that matches the step surface 23.
- the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the press die 28 is a processed surface that matches the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the processed surface 30 for the non-press-fit hole portion, and the processed surface that matches the R chamfered portion 24. It is the processing surface 31 for the R chamfered portion.
- the stepped surface 29 and the non-press-fit hole portion processed surface 30 are smoothly continuous with a convex surface having a partially arcuate cross section. Then, as described above, by pushing the tip end portion of the pressing die 28 from the central portion on one axial side surface of the base meat portion 26 into the base meat portion 26, The center of one side of the axial direction is recessed.
- the portion that matches the step surface 29 is the step surface 23 and is aligned with the non-press-fit portion processing surface 30.
- a portion to be aligned is referred to as a non-press-fit hole portion 22, and a portion aligned with the R chamfered portion machining surface 31 is referred to as an R chamfer portion 24.
- the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion 26 bulges in the axial direction, and this bulged portion is used as a bulge ring portion meat portion 32 for forming the bulge ring portion 20.
- the outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32 is identical to the outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion 20 except for the opening of the press-fitting hole portion 21.
- the center of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion 26 in the portion facing the cavity on the inner surface of the die in order to obtain the outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32, the center of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion 26 in the portion facing the cavity on the inner surface of the die.
- a receiving concave portion having an inner surface that coincides with the outer surface of the overhanging meat portion 32 is provided in a portion facing the portion.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 is used as a serration hole in the central portion of the base meat portion 26 constituting the second intermediate material 33.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 is formed by performing broaching for forming female serration.
- the overhanging ring portion 20 is formed by removing the central portion of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32.
- the circular holes 15 and 15 are formed by stamping and cutting the front-end
- the end portion of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the press-fit hole portion 21 of the coupling hole 14a as shown in FIG. .
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 is a serration hole
- a male serration is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18, and the male serration is engaged with the serration hole with a tightening margin with the press-fitting.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface
- the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 is a cylindrical surface, and this cylindrical surface is formed into the press-fitting hole portion 21 formed of a circular hole.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 may be a circular hole, the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 may be a male serration, and the male serration may be press-fitted into the press-fitting hole portion 21.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 may be a serration hole, the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 may be a cylindrical surface, and this cylindrical surface may be press-fitted into the press-fitting hole portion 21.
- the shaft 18 is welded.
- the overhanging ring portion 20 and the shaft 18 have substantially the same thickness, so that both the shaft 18 and the yoke 8g are melted equally during welding, and the welding strength can be increased.
- projection ring part 20 among the coupling holes 14a are made into the press-fit hole part 21.
- the outer peripheral surface of the projecting ring portion 20 is a partial conical surface that is inclined in a direction in which the diameter decreases toward the tip end side in the axial direction of the projecting ring portion 20. For this reason, the radial thickness (rigidity) of the overhanging ring portion 20 becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the axial direction.
- the surface pressure ⁇ P acting on the fitting portion between the press-fitting hole 21 and the end of the shaft 18 in a state where the end of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the press-fitting hole 21 is the tip of the overhanging ring part 20 in the axial direction. It is possible to prevent intensive increase in the part corresponding to the part.
- the radial thickness (rigidity) of the overhanging ring portion 20a is constant in the axial direction.
- the surface pressure ⁇ P acting on the fitting portion is intensively increased at the portion corresponding to the axial end portion of the overhanging ring portion 20a (the lower end portion in the figure, which is the end portion on the inlet side of the press-fitting described above).
- the radial thickness (rigidity) of the projecting ring portion 20a becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the axial direction.
- the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface (partial conical surface) of the overhang ring portion 20 with respect to the central axis of the overhang ring portion 20 is: Set in the range of 20-70 degrees.
- the press-fitting hole portion 21 of the coupling hole 14a is a portion where a large hoop stress is generated when the end of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the coupling hole 14a.
- the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 of the coupling hole 14a and the shaft of the base portion 12b are portions where stress concentration due to torsion occurs when torque is transmitted with the surface layer portion and the cross shaft universal joint assembled.
- a continuous portion (a portion provided with the R chamfered portion 24) with one side surface in the direction exists at a position away from each other.
- the base 12b is compared with a structure in which a portion where a large hoop stress due to press-fitting occurs and a portion where stress concentration due to torsion overlaps each other.
- the maximum value of the stress generated in can be kept low.
- the design for securing the strength of the base portion 12b can be easily performed.
- the R chamfered portion 24 is provided at the continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and one axial side surface of the base portion 12b, it is based on the twist generated in the continuous portion. Stress concentration can be relaxed. Furthermore, in this example, the R chamfered portion 24 is formed by press working. For this reason, compressive residual stress can be given to the surface layer part of a continuous part. Since the compressive residual stress has an action of suppressing the occurrence of damage such as cracks based on the stress applied during use, the allowable stress of the continuous portion can be improved. As a result, the design for securing the strength of the base portion 12b can be performed more easily.
- the tip of the pressing die 28 is pushed into the base meat portion 26 from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion 26 of the first intermediate material 25. Accordingly, the stepped surface 23, the non-press-fit hole portion 22, the R chamfered portion 24, and the protruding ring portion meat portion 32 can be formed simultaneously. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
- FIG. 8 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention.
- the opposing directions of the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13 and 13 ⁇ vertical direction in FIG. 8A ⁇ .
- Recessed in the radial direction at two positions opposite to the radial direction ⁇ left and right direction in FIGS. 8A and 8B) orthogonal to each other (the phase with respect to the rotation direction is shifted by 90 degrees) and the base 12c Are provided as a part of the non-press-fit hole 22a.
- the yoke 8h is manufactured by the same method as in the first example of the embodiment described above. Therefore, the non-press-fit hole processing surface 30 and the R chamfer processing surface 31 (see FIG. 5) constituting the press die 28 are provided with rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35 and their opening edges. A matching shape is added.
- the R chamfered portion 24 can be formed only in a portion that is out of the recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity in the circumferential direction. In this case, the processed surface 31 for the R chamfered portion may be provided only in a portion corresponding to the removed portion.
- the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22a and the one axial side surface of the base portion 12c are formed based on the presence of the recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity.
- the rigidity in the circumferential direction of the parts other than the rigidity-reducing recesses 35, 35 can be reduced. Accordingly, the amount of elastic deformation in the circumferential direction of the portion can be increased when torque is transmitted with the cross shaft universal joint assembled.
- each of the portions is a part of the portion, and the portions in phase with the width direction both ends of the base end portions of the arm portions 13 and 13 with respect to the circumferential direction, that is, the stress concentration due to torsion becomes particularly large. It is possible to relieve the stress concentration at the four portions ( ⁇ portion) shown in FIG.
- the configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above.
- FIG. 9 shows a third example of the embodiment of the present invention.
- guide recesses 36 and 36 are provided at the intermediate portions in the width direction of the tip portions of the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13a and 13a, respectively.
- a part of the circular holes 15 and 15 provided at the distal end portions of the arm portions 13a and 13a (end portions on the distal end side of the arm portions 13a and 13a) are opened in the guide concave portions 36 and 36. This facilitates the insertion of the shafts of the cross shaft 9 (see FIG. 12) into the circular holes 15 and 15 through the guide recesses 36 and 36.
- the yoke 8i is manufactured by the same method as in the first example of the embodiment described above. Then, the guide recesses 36 are formed at the same time as the non-press-fit hole portion 22, the protruding ring portion meat portion 32, and the R chamfered portion 24 ⁇ see FIG. 4 (B) ⁇ . For this reason, on the outer peripheral surface near the base end of the press die 28 (see FIG. 5), the guide recesses (for forming the guide recesses 36, 36) that coincide with the guide recesses 36, 36 are used. A processing surface is provided. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above.
- the guide recesses 36 and 36 can be provided on the yoke of the second example of the embodiment described above. Also in this case, the guide recesses 36 can be formed by the same method as in the third example of the embodiment described above.
- FIG. 15 shows a fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention.
- the non-press-fit hole portion 22 is not provided in the yoke 8e, but the shaft small-diameter cylindrical portion 40 that is a non-press-fit portion is provided at the end of the shaft 18 on the yoke 8e side.
- the shaft small-diameter cylindrical portion 40 can also suppress the maximum value of the stress generated in the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as in the non-press-fit hole portion 22.
- the present invention is applied to the universal joint yoke using the yoke 8e without the overhanging ring portion 20 is shown.
- the yokes 8g, 8h, and 8i with the overhanging ring portion 20 provided. It can also be applied to a universal joint yoke using Further, the coupling hole 14 may be a serration hole instead of a circular hole. In this case, male serrations are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18.
- FIG. 16 shows a fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention.
- the yoke 8e is not provided with the non-press-fit hole 22, but the yoke 8e is provided with a large chamfer 41.
- the chamfered portion 41 can also suppress the maximum value of the stress generated in the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as in the non-press-fit hole portion 22.
- the example in which the present invention is applied to the universal joint yoke using the yoke 8e without the overhanging ring portion 20 is shown.
- the yokes 8g, 8h, and 8i with the overhanging ring portion 20 provided.
- the coupling hole 14 may be a serration hole instead of a circular hole. In this case, male serrations are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18.
- the chamfered portion may be a C chamfered portion 34 having a linear cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
- a press die having a shape in which the R chamfered portion processing surface 31 (see FIG. 5) of the press die 28 is omitted is used. Then, after the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32 are formed at the same time in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, a chamfered portion 24 (see FIG. 4) is formed on the continuous portion for another press. It can also be formed in a separate process by pressing using a die or by cutting.
- the yoke of the present invention when the yoke is provided with the chamfered portion 24 and the pair of recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity (see FIG. 8), first, the first press gold By press working using a die, in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the protruding ring portion meat portion 32 (see FIG. 4) not provided with the recesses 35, 35 for reducing rigidity are provided.
- the chamfered portion 24 and the rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35 can be simultaneously formed by pressing using a second press die.
- the first press die In the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, non-press-fit hole 22 (see FIG. 4) ⁇ or 22a (see FIG. 8) ⁇ and overhanging meat portion 32 (see FIG. 4) Can be simultaneously formed, and then the chamfered portion 24 and the guide concave portions 36 and 36 can be formed simultaneously by press working using a second pressing die.
- the yoke includes the chamfered portion 24, a pair of rigidity-reducing recesses 35, 35, and a pair of guide recesses 36, 36 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- the first press die first, by press working using the first press die, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the overhanging hole portion 22 not provided with the rigidity-reducing concave portions 35 and 35 are projected in the same manner as the above-described embodiment.
- the annular portion 32 (see FIG. 4) is formed at the same time, and then the chamfered portion 24, the rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35, and the guide recesses 36 and 36 are formed by pressing using a second pressing die. Can be formed simultaneously.
- the overhanging ring portion as a portion for passing the weld metal between the shaft and simply as a portion for securing the axial length of the coupling hole. You can just use it.
- the axial direction other end part of a joint hole can also be made into a non-press-fit rear part instead of a press-fit hole part.
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Abstract
A yoke for a universal joint, having provided in a coupling hole (14a): a press-fit hole section (21) for press-fitting an end section of a shaft, provided between a center section and another end section in the axial direction; and a non-press-fit hole section (22) having a larger diameter than the press-fit hole section (21) and not having the shaft end section press-fitted therein, provided at one end section in the axial direction.
Description
この発明は、ステアリング装置を構成する回転軸同士をトルク伝達可能に接続する為の十字軸式自在継手(カルダンジョイント)を構成するヨーク及びその製造方法の改良に関する。
The present invention relates to a yoke that forms a cross shaft type universal joint (cardan joint) for connecting the rotating shafts constituting the steering device so that torque can be transmitted, and an improvement of the manufacturing method thereof.
自動車のステアリング装置は、図11に示す様に構成されている。運転者が操作するステアリングホイール1の動きは、ステアリングシャフト2、自在継手3a、中間シャフト4、別の自在継手3bを介して、ステアリングギヤユニット5の入力軸6に伝達される。そして、ステアリングギヤユニット5に内蔵したラック&ピニオン機構により左右1対のタイロッド7、7を押し引きし、左右1対の操舵輪に、ステアリングホイール1の操作量に応じた、適切な舵角を付与する様に構成している。
The automobile steering device is configured as shown in FIG. The movement of the steering wheel 1 operated by the driver is transmitted to the input shaft 6 of the steering gear unit 5 via the steering shaft 2, the universal joint 3a, the intermediate shaft 4, and another universal joint 3b. The rack and pinion mechanism built in the steering gear unit 5 pushes and pulls the pair of left and right tie rods 7 and 7 so that the right and left pair of steered wheels have an appropriate steering angle corresponding to the operation amount of the steering wheel 1. It is configured to grant.
この様なステアリング装置に組み込む自在継手3a、3bとして、一般的には、図12に例示する様な、カルダンジョイントと呼ばれる十字軸式自在継手が広く使用されている。自在継手3a、3bはそれぞれ、1対のヨーク8a、8b(8c、8d)と、1対のヨーク8a、8b(8c、8d)の先端部同士を揺動可能に連結する十字軸9とを備える。一方のヨーク8a(8c)の基部は、中間シャフト4を構成する中実軸である雄軸10の後端部(中空軸である雌軸11の前端部)に、トルク伝達可能に結合固定される。他方のヨーク8b(8d)の基部は、ステアリングシャフト2の前端部(入力軸6の後端部)に、トルク伝達可能に結合固定される。中間シャフト4は、雄軸10と雌軸11とを、トルク伝達可能に、且つ、軸方向の相対変位可能に組み合わせて成る。
As the universal joints 3a and 3b to be incorporated in such a steering apparatus, generally, a cross shaft type universal joint called a cardan joint as illustrated in FIG. 12 is widely used. Each of the universal joints 3a and 3b includes a pair of yokes 8a and 8b (8c and 8d), and a cross shaft 9 that pivotably connects the tip ends of the pair of yokes 8a and 8b (8c and 8d). Prepare. The base of one yoke 8a (8c) is coupled and fixed to the rear end of the male shaft 10 (the front end of the female shaft 11 which is a hollow shaft) that is a solid shaft constituting the intermediate shaft 4 so as to transmit torque. The The base portion of the other yoke 8b (8d) is coupled and fixed to the front end portion (rear end portion of the input shaft 6) of the steering shaft 2 so that torque can be transmitted. The intermediate shaft 4 is formed by combining a male shaft 10 and a female shaft 11 so that torque can be transmitted and relative displacement in the axial direction can be achieved.
図13は、自在継手3a、3bを構成する一方のヨーク8a、8cとして使用可能な、縦入れ式と呼ばれるヨークの従来構造の第1例を示している。図13に示したヨーク8eは、特許文献1等に記載されて従来から広く知られている様に、鋼板等の金属板素材に打ち抜き加工及び曲げ加工を含むプレス加工を施す事により、又は、鋼製丸棒等の金属素材に鍛造加工や打ち抜き加工を施す事により、一体に造られている。この様なヨーク8eは、基部12と、1対の腕部13、13とを備える。基部12は、略円環状に造られたもので、径方向中心部に軸方向(図13の上下方向)に形成された結合孔14を有する。結合孔14は、内周面を単なる円筒面とした円孔、又は、この様な円孔の内周面に雌セレーションを形成して成るセレーション孔である。腕部13、13は、基部12の径方向反対側となる2箇所位置から軸方向片側(図13の上側)に延出する状態で設けられている。腕部13、13の先端部には、それぞれ互いに同心の円孔15、15が形成されている。十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態で、円孔15、15内には、それぞれ有底円筒状の軸受カップ16、16(図12参照)が内嵌固定される。これと共に、軸受カップ16、16内に、それぞれ複数本のニードル17、17を介して、十字軸9(図12参照)の端部が回動自在に支持される。互いに対向する腕部13、13の内側面と、基部12の軸方向片側面とは、それぞれ凹曲面により滑らかに連続している。
FIG. 13 shows a first example of a conventional structure of a yoke called a vertical insertion type that can be used as one yoke 8a, 8c constituting the universal joints 3a, 3b. The yoke 8e shown in FIG. 13 is described in Patent Document 1 or the like, and is widely known from the past, by applying a stamping and bending process to a metal plate material such as a steel sheet, or It is made in one piece by forging or punching a metal material such as a steel round bar. Such a yoke 8e includes a base portion 12 and a pair of arm portions 13 and 13. The base 12 is formed in a substantially annular shape, and has a coupling hole 14 formed in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 13) at the center in the radial direction. The coupling hole 14 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface, or a serration hole formed by forming female serrations on the inner peripheral surface of such a circular hole. The arm parts 13 and 13 are provided in a state extending from two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction of the base part 12 to one axial side (upper side in FIG. 13). Concentric circular holes 15 and 15 are formed at the distal ends of the arm portions 13 and 13, respectively. With the cross shaft universal joint assembled, the bottomed cylindrical bearing cups 16 and 16 (see FIG. 12) are fitted and fixed in the circular holes 15 and 15, respectively. At the same time, the end portions of the cross shaft 9 (see FIG. 12) are rotatably supported in the bearing cups 16 and 16 via a plurality of needles 17 and 17, respectively. The inner side surfaces of the arm portions 13 and 13 facing each other and the one side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12 are smoothly continuous by concave curved surfaces, respectively.
上述の様なヨーク8eの基部12に、中間シャフト等の、円柱状又は円管状に造られたシャフト18の端部を結合する場合には、先ず、シャフト18の端部を、基部12の結合孔14に圧入する(締り嵌めで内嵌する)。尚、結合孔14をセレーション孔とする場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成する。そして、圧入に伴い、雄セレーションをセレーション孔に締め代を持たせて係合させる。次いで、基部12の軸方向他側面(図13の下側面)と、シャフト18の外周面との間の隅部に溶接を施す事により、両面同士の間に溶接金属19を掛け渡す。この結果、ヨーク8eの基部12にシャフト18の端部が、トルク伝達可能に結合固定された状態となる。
When the end portion of the shaft 18 formed in a columnar shape or a circular tube shape such as an intermediate shaft is coupled to the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as described above, first, the end portion of the shaft 18 is coupled to the base portion 12. It press-fits into the hole 14 (it fits with an interference fit). When the coupling hole 14 is a serration hole, male serration is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18. Then, with the press-fitting, the male serration is engaged with the serration hole with a tightening margin. Next, welding is performed on the corner between the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12 (the lower side surface in FIG. 13) and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 18, thereby welding metal 19 between both surfaces. As a result, the end portion of the shaft 18 is coupled and fixed to the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e so that torque can be transmitted.
図14は、縦入れ式ヨークの従来構造の第2例を示している。従来構造の第2例のヨーク8fの場合には、基部12aのうちで、結合孔14の軸方向他端部の周囲部分に、結合孔14の軸方向他端寄り部の周囲部分に比べて径方向の肉厚が小さくなった、張り出し環部20が設けられている。そして、張り出し環部20の外周面及び先端面とシャフト18の外周面との間に溶接金属19を掛け渡す状態で、張り出し環部20とシャフト18とを溶接している。
FIG. 14 shows a second example of a conventional structure of a vertically inserted yoke. In the case of the yoke 8f of the second example of the conventional structure, in the base portion 12a, in the peripheral portion of the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole 14, compared to the peripheral portion near the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole 14. An overhanging ring portion 20 having a reduced radial thickness is provided. The overhang ring portion 20 and the shaft 18 are welded in a state where the weld metal 19 is passed between the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhang ring portion 20 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 18.
この様な従来構造の第2例の場合には、上述した溶接を行う際に、張り出し環部20を集中的に加熱する事ができる(張り出し環部20に加えた熱を、基部12aの軸方向中間部側に分散させにくくできる)。この為、張り出し環部20の外周面及び先端面の溶け込み量を多くする事ができ、その分、溶接部の強度を確保する事が容易となる。
In the case of the second example having such a conventional structure, the overhanging ring portion 20 can be intensively heated when performing the above-described welding (the heat applied to the overhanging ring portion 20 is applied to the shaft of the base portion 12a). Can be difficult to disperse in the middle part of the direction). For this reason, the amount of penetration of the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhang ring portion 20 can be increased, and the strength of the welded portion can be easily secured correspondingly.
上述した各従来構造の場合には、結合孔14の全体を、シャフト18の端部を圧入する為の圧入孔部としている。この様な結合孔14の表層部には、シャフト18の端部を圧入する事に伴って、大きなフープ応力(円周方向の引っ張り応力)が発生する。一方、基部12(12a)の軸方向片側面と結合孔14の内周面との連続部である、結合孔14の片端開口周縁部(図13、14のP部)には、十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態でのトルク伝達時に、捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する。つまり、上述した各従来構造の場合には、結合孔14の片端開口周縁部(P部)に、圧入に伴う大きなフープ応力と、捩れに基づく応力集中とが、互いに重なり合って発生し、応力の最大値が大きくなる。従って、基部12(12a)の強度確保の為の設計が難しくなる。
In the case of each conventional structure described above, the entire coupling hole 14 is a press-fitting hole for press-fitting the end of the shaft 18. A large hoop stress (a tensile stress in the circumferential direction) is generated in the surface layer portion of the coupling hole 14 as the end portion of the shaft 18 is press-fitted. On the other hand, a cross-shaft type is provided on the peripheral edge of the one end opening of the coupling hole 14 (P portion in FIGS. 13 and 14), which is a continuous portion between one axial side surface of the base 12 (12a) and the inner peripheral surface of the coupling hole 14. When torque is transmitted with the universal joint assembled, stress concentration due to torsion occurs. That is, in each of the conventional structures described above, a large hoop stress due to press-fitting and a stress concentration based on torsion are generated on the peripheral edge (P portion) of the one end opening of the coupling hole 14 in an overlapping manner. The maximum value increases. Therefore, the design for securing the strength of the base 12 (12a) becomes difficult.
本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑み、結合孔にシャフトの端部を圧入する事に伴って、結合孔の圧入孔部の表層部に大きなフープ応力が発生し、且つ、トルク伝達時に、結合孔の片端開口周縁部に捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する自在継手用ヨークを対象として、強度確保の為の設計を容易に行える構造、及び、その製造方法を実現すべく発明したものである。
In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention generates a large hoop stress in the surface layer portion of the press-fitting hole portion of the coupling hole and presses the end portion of the shaft into the coupling hole, and at the time of torque transmission, Invented to realize a structure capable of easily designing for securing strength and a manufacturing method thereof for a universal joint yoke in which stress concentration due to torsion occurs at the peripheral edge of one end opening of the coupling hole. .
本発明の上記目的は、下記の構成によって達成される。
(1) 径方向中心部に軸方向に形成された結合孔を有する環状の基部と、
前記基部の径方向反対側となる2箇所位置から軸方向片側に延出する状態で設けられた1対の腕部と、
を備えた自在継手用ヨークであって、
前記結合孔は、軸方向中間部乃至他端部のうちの少なくとも軸方向中間部を、シャフトの端部を圧入する為の圧入孔部とすると共に、前記圧入孔部に対して軸方向に隣接する軸方向片端部を、前記圧入孔部よりも大径で前記シャフトの端部が圧入されない非圧入孔部としている自在継手用ヨーク。
(2) 前記基部と前記シャフトとは溶接されている、(1)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(3) 前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられている、(1)又は(2)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(4) 前記基部のうちで、前記結合孔の軸方向他端部の周囲部分に、前記結合孔の軸方向他端寄り部の周囲部分に比べて径方向の肉厚が小さくなった張り出し環部が設けられている、(1)~(3)のうちの何れか1つに記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(5) 前記張り出し環部の径方向の肉厚は、軸方向先端側に向かう程、小さくなっている、(4)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(6)前記非圧入孔部が、前記1対の腕部の内側面同士の対向方向に対して直交する径方向反対側となる2箇所位置に、それぞれ径方向に凹入すると共に前記基部の軸方向片側面に開口する剛性低下用凹部を備えている、(1)~(5)のうちの何れか1つに記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(7) (4)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法であって、
先端部外周面に前記非圧入孔部と合致する加工面である非圧入孔部用加工面を備えたプレス用金型を用意すると共に、前記基部を形成する為の略円板状又は略円柱状の基部用肉部を有する中間素材を得た後、前記基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とすると共に、前記基部用肉部の軸方向他側面の中央部を軸方向に膨出させて、この膨出させた部分を、前記張り出し環部を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部とする、
自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。
(8) 前記基部用肉部の中央部に前記圧入孔部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部の形成に伴って、前記張り出し環部用肉部の中央部を除去することにより、前記張り出し環部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部に前記シャフトの端部を圧入し、
前記張り出し環部を覆うように、前記張り出し環部と前記シャフトとを溶接する、
(7)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。
(9) 製造対象が、前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられており、前記面取り部がプレス加工により形成されている、(4)に記載した自在継手用ヨークであり、
前記プレス用金型の先端部外周面に、前記非圧入孔部用加工面に加えて、前記面取り部と合致する加工面である面取り部用加工面が設けられており、
前記中間素材を構成する基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とし、且つ、前記面取り部用加工面と整合する部分を前記面取り部とする、
(7)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。 The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.
(1) an annular base portion having a coupling hole formed in the axial direction at a radial center portion;
A pair of arms provided in a state of extending in one axial direction from two positions opposite to the radial direction of the base;
A universal joint yoke comprising:
The coupling hole has at least an axially intermediate portion of the axially intermediate portion or the other end portion as a press-fit hole portion for press-fitting an end portion of the shaft, and is adjacent to the press-fit hole portion in the axial direction. A universal joint yoke in which one end in the axial direction is a non-press-fit hole portion having a diameter larger than that of the press-fit hole portion and into which the end portion of the shaft is not press-fitted.
(2) The universal joint yoke according to (1), wherein the base and the shaft are welded.
(3) The universal joint yoke according to (1) or (2), wherein a chamfered portion is provided in a continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion.
(4) Of the base portion, an overhanging ring having a smaller thickness in the radial direction around the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole than in the surrounding portion near the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole The universal joint yoke according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a portion is provided.
(5) The universal joint yoke according to (4), wherein the radial thickness of the projecting ring portion decreases toward the distal end in the axial direction.
(6) The non-pressing hole portions are respectively recessed in the radial direction at two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction orthogonal to the facing direction of the inner surfaces of the pair of arm portions, and The universal joint yoke according to any one of (1) to (5), comprising a recess for reducing rigidity that opens on one side surface in the axial direction.
(7) A method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to (4),
Prepare a press die having a non-press-fit hole working surface that is a work surface that matches the non-press-fit hole portion on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion, and form a substantially disk shape or a substantially circular shape for forming the base portion After obtaining the intermediate material having the columnar base meat portion, the front end portion of the pressing mold is pushed into the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion. Thus, of the pushed-in portion, the portion that matches the processing surface for the non-press-fit hole portion is used as the non-press-fit hole portion, and the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion is bulged in the axial direction. And let this bulged portion be the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion,
Manufacturing method of universal joint yoke.
(8) forming the press-fitting hole at the center of the base meat portion;
With the formation of the press-fitting hole portion, by removing the central portion of the meat portion for the overhang ring portion, the overhang ring portion is formed,
Press-fit the end of the shaft into the press-fitting hole,
Welding the overhanging ring portion and the shaft so as to cover the overhanging ring portion;
The manufacturing method of the universal joint yoke described in (7).
(9) The object to be manufactured is provided with a chamfered portion at a continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion, and the chamfered portion is formed by pressing. 4) The universal joint yoke described in 4),
In addition to the non-press-fit hole processing surface, a chamfered portion processing surface that is a processing surface that matches the chamfered portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the press die,
From the central part of one side in the axial direction of the base meat part that constitutes the intermediate material, by pushing the tip of the pressing mold into the inside of the base meat part, The portion that matches the processed surface for non-press-fit holes is the non-press-fit hole portion, and the portion that matches the processed surface for chamfered portions is the chamfered portion,
The manufacturing method of the universal joint yoke described in (7).
(1) 径方向中心部に軸方向に形成された結合孔を有する環状の基部と、
前記基部の径方向反対側となる2箇所位置から軸方向片側に延出する状態で設けられた1対の腕部と、
を備えた自在継手用ヨークであって、
前記結合孔は、軸方向中間部乃至他端部のうちの少なくとも軸方向中間部を、シャフトの端部を圧入する為の圧入孔部とすると共に、前記圧入孔部に対して軸方向に隣接する軸方向片端部を、前記圧入孔部よりも大径で前記シャフトの端部が圧入されない非圧入孔部としている自在継手用ヨーク。
(2) 前記基部と前記シャフトとは溶接されている、(1)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(3) 前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられている、(1)又は(2)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(4) 前記基部のうちで、前記結合孔の軸方向他端部の周囲部分に、前記結合孔の軸方向他端寄り部の周囲部分に比べて径方向の肉厚が小さくなった張り出し環部が設けられている、(1)~(3)のうちの何れか1つに記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(5) 前記張り出し環部の径方向の肉厚は、軸方向先端側に向かう程、小さくなっている、(4)に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(6)前記非圧入孔部が、前記1対の腕部の内側面同士の対向方向に対して直交する径方向反対側となる2箇所位置に、それぞれ径方向に凹入すると共に前記基部の軸方向片側面に開口する剛性低下用凹部を備えている、(1)~(5)のうちの何れか1つに記載した自在継手用ヨーク。
(7) (4)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法であって、
先端部外周面に前記非圧入孔部と合致する加工面である非圧入孔部用加工面を備えたプレス用金型を用意すると共に、前記基部を形成する為の略円板状又は略円柱状の基部用肉部を有する中間素材を得た後、前記基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とすると共に、前記基部用肉部の軸方向他側面の中央部を軸方向に膨出させて、この膨出させた部分を、前記張り出し環部を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部とする、
自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。
(8) 前記基部用肉部の中央部に前記圧入孔部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部の形成に伴って、前記張り出し環部用肉部の中央部を除去することにより、前記張り出し環部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部に前記シャフトの端部を圧入し、
前記張り出し環部を覆うように、前記張り出し環部と前記シャフトとを溶接する、
(7)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。
(9) 製造対象が、前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられており、前記面取り部がプレス加工により形成されている、(4)に記載した自在継手用ヨークであり、
前記プレス用金型の先端部外周面に、前記非圧入孔部用加工面に加えて、前記面取り部と合致する加工面である面取り部用加工面が設けられており、
前記中間素材を構成する基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とし、且つ、前記面取り部用加工面と整合する部分を前記面取り部とする、
(7)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。 The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.
(1) an annular base portion having a coupling hole formed in the axial direction at a radial center portion;
A pair of arms provided in a state of extending in one axial direction from two positions opposite to the radial direction of the base;
A universal joint yoke comprising:
The coupling hole has at least an axially intermediate portion of the axially intermediate portion or the other end portion as a press-fit hole portion for press-fitting an end portion of the shaft, and is adjacent to the press-fit hole portion in the axial direction. A universal joint yoke in which one end in the axial direction is a non-press-fit hole portion having a diameter larger than that of the press-fit hole portion and into which the end portion of the shaft is not press-fitted.
(2) The universal joint yoke according to (1), wherein the base and the shaft are welded.
(3) The universal joint yoke according to (1) or (2), wherein a chamfered portion is provided in a continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion.
(4) Of the base portion, an overhanging ring having a smaller thickness in the radial direction around the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole than in the surrounding portion near the other end portion in the axial direction of the coupling hole The universal joint yoke according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a portion is provided.
(5) The universal joint yoke according to (4), wherein the radial thickness of the projecting ring portion decreases toward the distal end in the axial direction.
(6) The non-pressing hole portions are respectively recessed in the radial direction at two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction orthogonal to the facing direction of the inner surfaces of the pair of arm portions, and The universal joint yoke according to any one of (1) to (5), comprising a recess for reducing rigidity that opens on one side surface in the axial direction.
(7) A method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to (4),
Prepare a press die having a non-press-fit hole working surface that is a work surface that matches the non-press-fit hole portion on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion, and form a substantially disk shape or a substantially circular shape for forming the base portion After obtaining the intermediate material having the columnar base meat portion, the front end portion of the pressing mold is pushed into the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion. Thus, of the pushed-in portion, the portion that matches the processing surface for the non-press-fit hole portion is used as the non-press-fit hole portion, and the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion is bulged in the axial direction. And let this bulged portion be the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion,
Manufacturing method of universal joint yoke.
(8) forming the press-fitting hole at the center of the base meat portion;
With the formation of the press-fitting hole portion, by removing the central portion of the meat portion for the overhang ring portion, the overhang ring portion is formed,
Press-fit the end of the shaft into the press-fitting hole,
Welding the overhanging ring portion and the shaft so as to cover the overhanging ring portion;
The manufacturing method of the universal joint yoke described in (7).
(9) The object to be manufactured is provided with a chamfered portion at a continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion, and the chamfered portion is formed by pressing. 4) The universal joint yoke described in 4),
In addition to the non-press-fit hole processing surface, a chamfered portion processing surface that is a processing surface that matches the chamfered portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the press die,
From the central part of one side in the axial direction of the base meat part that constitutes the intermediate material, by pushing the tip of the pressing mold into the inside of the base meat part, The portion that matches the processed surface for non-press-fit holes is the non-press-fit hole portion, and the portion that matches the processed surface for chamfered portions is the chamfered portion,
The manufacturing method of the universal joint yoke described in (7).
(1)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの場合、結合孔にシャフトの端部を圧入する事に伴って大きなフープ応力が発生する部分である、この結合孔の圧入孔部の表層部と、十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態でのトルク伝達時に、捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する部分である、結合孔の非圧入孔部の内周面と基部の軸方向片側面との連続部(この結合孔の片端開口周縁部)とが、互いに離れた位置に存在する。従って、本発明の場合には、前述した各従来構造の如く、圧入に伴う大きなフープ応力が発生する部分と、捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する部分とが、互いに重なり合う構造に比べて、基部に発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。この結果、この基部の強度確保の為の設計を容易に行える。
In the case of the universal joint yoke described in (1), the surface layer portion of the press-fitting hole portion of the joint hole, which is a portion where a large hoop stress is generated when the end of the shaft is press-fitted into the joint hole, and the cross When torque is transmitted in the assembled state of the shaft type universal joint, a continuous portion of the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion of the coupling hole and one axial side surface of the base portion, where stress concentration occurs due to torsion The peripheral edge of the coupling hole at one end) is located at a position away from each other. Therefore, in the case of the present invention, as in each of the conventional structures described above, a portion where a large hoop stress caused by press-fitting and a portion where stress concentration due to torsion occurs overlap each other at the base portion. The maximum value of the generated stress can be kept low. As a result, the design for securing the strength of the base can be easily performed.
(2)に記載した自在継手用ヨークによれば、基部とシャフトとは溶接されている為、ヨークの基部とシャフトの端部とが、より強固に結合固定された状態となる。
According to the universal joint yoke described in (2), since the base and the shaft are welded, the base of the yoke and the end of the shaft are more firmly coupled and fixed.
(3)に記載した自在継手用ヨークによれば、結合孔の非圧入孔部の内周面と基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部を設けている為、この連続部に発生する、捩れに基づく応力集中を緩和できる。従って、基部に発生する応力の最大値をより低く抑えられる。この結果、この基部の強度及び剛性確保の為の設計を、より容易に行える。
According to the universal joint yoke described in (3), since the chamfered portion is provided in the continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion of the coupling hole and the one side surface in the axial direction of the base portion, The stress concentration based on torsion can be alleviated. Therefore, the maximum value of the stress generated in the base can be kept lower. As a result, the design for ensuring the strength and rigidity of the base can be performed more easily.
(4)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの場合には、基部をシャフトの端部に結合する際に、このシャフトの端部を結合孔に圧入し、且つ、このシャフトの外周面と張り出し環部の外周面及び先端面との間に溶接金属を掛け渡す状態で、これらシャフトと張り出し環部とを溶接すれば、この溶接を行う際に、この張り出し環部を集中的に加熱する事ができる(この張り出し環部に加えた熱を、基部の軸方向中間部側に分散させにくくできる)。この為、この張り出し環部の外周面及び先端面の溶け込み量を多くする事ができ、その分、溶接部の強度を確保する事が容易となる。
In the case of the universal joint yoke described in (4), when the base portion is coupled to the end portion of the shaft, the end portion of the shaft is press-fitted into the coupling hole, and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the projecting ring portion If the shaft and the overhanging ring portion are welded in a state where the weld metal is stretched between the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the steel plate, the overhanging ring portion can be heated intensively during the welding. (It is possible to make it difficult to disperse the heat applied to the overhanging ring portion toward the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the base portion). For this reason, it is possible to increase the amount of penetration of the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the projecting ring portion, and it is easy to secure the strength of the welded portion accordingly.
(5)に記載した自在継手用ヨークによれば、張り出し環部の径方向の肉厚は、軸方向先端側に向かう程、小さくなっているので、圧入孔部にシャフトの端部を圧入した状態で、圧入孔部とシャフトの端部との嵌合部に作用する面圧が、張り出し環部の軸方向先端部に対応する部分で集中的に高くなる事を防止できる。
According to the universal joint yoke described in (5), since the radial thickness of the overhanging ring portion decreases toward the distal end in the axial direction, the end of the shaft is press-fitted into the press-fitting hole. In this state, it is possible to prevent the surface pressure acting on the fitting portion between the press-fitting hole portion and the end portion of the shaft from being intensively increased at a portion corresponding to the axial tip portion of the overhanging ring portion.
(6)に記載した自在継手用ヨークによれば、1対の剛性低下用凹部の存在に基づいて、非圧入孔部の内周面と基部の軸方向片側面との連続部のうち、これら両剛性低下用凹部以外の部分の円周方向に関する剛性を低下させる事ができる。従って、その分、十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態でのトルク伝達時に、当該部分の円周方向の弾性変形量を増やす事ができる。この結果、それぞれが当該部分の一部である、円周方向に関して1対の腕部の基端部の幅方向両端部と同位相の部分(捩れに基づく応力集中が特に大きくなる4箇所部分)の応力集中を緩和できる。
According to the universal joint yoke described in (6), based on the presence of the pair of recesses for reducing rigidity, among the continuous portions of the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and the one axial side surface of the base portion, It is possible to reduce the rigidity in the circumferential direction of the parts other than the both rigidity reducing recesses. Accordingly, the amount of elastic deformation in the circumferential direction of the portion can be increased when torque is transmitted with the cross shaft universal joint assembled. As a result, each part is a part of the part, and parts in the same phase as both ends in the width direction of the base end part of the pair of arm parts with respect to the circumferential direction (four parts where stress concentration due to torsion becomes particularly large) Can reduce the stress concentration.
(7)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法によれば、中間素材の基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、この基部用肉部の内部にプレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、非圧入孔部と、張り出し環部を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部とを、同時に形成する事ができる。この為、自在継手用ヨークの製造コストを抑えられる。
According to the method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke described in (7), the front end of the press die is placed inside the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion of the intermediate material. By pushing in, a non-press-fit hole part and a meat part for the overhanging ring part for forming the overhanging ring part can be formed at the same time. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
(8)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法によれば、溶接を行う際に、張り出し環部を集中的に加熱する事ができる為、張り出し環部の外周面及び先端面の溶け込み量を多くする事ができ、その分、溶接部の強度を確保する事が容易となる。
According to the method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke described in (8), since the overhanging ring portion can be heated intensively during welding, the amount of penetration of the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhanging ring portion can be reduced. It can be increased, and it is easy to secure the strength of the welded part.
(9)に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法によれば、中間素材の基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、この基部用肉部の内部にプレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、非圧入孔部及び面取り部と、張り出し環部を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部とを、同時に形成する事ができる。この為、自在継手用ヨークの製造コストを抑えられる。
According to the method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke described in (9), the tip of the pressing die is placed inside the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion of the intermediate material. By pushing in, the non-press-fit hole portion and the chamfered portion and the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion can be formed simultaneously. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
[実施の形態の第1例]
図1~7は、本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示している。本例の特徴は、主として、基部12bの径方向中心部に設けられた結合孔14aの構造、及び、この様な結合孔14aを備えたヨーク8gの製造方法にある。基部12bの軸方向他側面の中央部に溶接強度を高める事を可能とする張り出し環部20が設けられている点を含み、その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述の図14に示した従来構造の第2例の場合と同様であるから、重複する説明を省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本例の特徴部分を中心に説明する。以下の説明中、ヨーク8g(及びその中間素材)の軸方向に関して、片側とは、図1、図2(B)、図4~6の各図に於ける上側を言い、他側とは、これら各図における下側を言う。 [First example of embodiment]
1 to 7 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this example is mainly the structure of thecoupling hole 14a provided in the central portion in the radial direction of the base portion 12b, and the manufacturing method of the yoke 8g provided with such a coupling hole 14a. Including the point that an overhanging ring portion 20 is provided at the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion 12b, and the structure and operation of the other portions are the same as those of the prior art shown in FIG. Since this is the same as in the case of the second example of the structure, the overlapping description will be omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on the features of this example. In the following description, with respect to the axial direction of the yoke 8g (and its intermediate material), one side means the upper side in each of FIGS. 1, 2B, and 4 to 6, and the other side means The lower side in each figure is said.
図1~7は、本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示している。本例の特徴は、主として、基部12bの径方向中心部に設けられた結合孔14aの構造、及び、この様な結合孔14aを備えたヨーク8gの製造方法にある。基部12bの軸方向他側面の中央部に溶接強度を高める事を可能とする張り出し環部20が設けられている点を含み、その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述の図14に示した従来構造の第2例の場合と同様であるから、重複する説明を省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本例の特徴部分を中心に説明する。以下の説明中、ヨーク8g(及びその中間素材)の軸方向に関して、片側とは、図1、図2(B)、図4~6の各図に於ける上側を言い、他側とは、これら各図における下側を言う。 [First example of embodiment]
1 to 7 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this example is mainly the structure of the
本例のヨーク8gの場合、結合孔14aは、軸方向中間部乃至他端部を、シャフト18の端部を圧入する為の圧入孔部21としている。これと共に、圧入孔部21に対して軸方向に隣接する軸方向片端部を、圧入孔部21よりも大径でシャフト18の端部が圧入されない非圧入孔部22としている。圧入孔部21及び非圧入孔部22は、互いに同心に設けられており、且つ、圧入孔部21及び非圧入孔部22の軸方向端縁同士の間には、環状(図示の例では円輪状)の段差面23が設けられている。圧入孔部21は、前述の図14に示した従来構造の第2例のヨーク8fを構成する結合孔14と同様の、円孔若しくはセレーション孔である。これに対し、非圧入孔部22は、内周面を単なる円筒面とした円孔である。非圧入孔部22の内周面と、基部12bの軸方向片側面(軸方向片側面と1対の腕部13、13の内側面とを滑らかに連続させる凹曲面を含む。)との連続部には、図3に示す様な、断面形状が部分円弧状のR面取り部24が、全周に亙り設けられている。本例の場合、R面取り部24は、プレス加工により形成されている。
In the case of the yoke 8g of this example, the coupling hole 14a has a press-fitting hole part 21 for press-fitting the end part of the shaft 18 at the axially intermediate part or the other end part. At the same time, one end in the axial direction adjacent to the press-fit hole 21 in the axial direction is a non-press-fit hole 22 having a larger diameter than the press-fit hole 21 and into which the end of the shaft 18 is not press-fit. The press-fit hole portion 21 and the non-press-fit hole portion 22 are provided concentrically with each other, and between the axial end edges of the press-fit hole portion 21 and the non-press-fit hole portion 22 are circular (in the illustrated example, circular). An annular step surface 23 is provided. The press-fitting hole 21 is a circular hole or a serration hole similar to the coupling hole 14 constituting the yoke 8f of the second example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. On the other hand, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface. Continuation of the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and one axial side surface of the base portion 12b (including a concave curved surface that smoothly connects the one axial side surface and the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13 and 13). As shown in FIG. 3, an R chamfer 24 having a partial arc shape in cross section is provided over the entire circumference of the section. In the case of this example, the R chamfered portion 24 is formed by press working.
次に、上述の様な構成を有する本例のヨーク8gの製造方法について説明する。ヨーク8gを製造する場合には、先ず、鋼板等の金属板素材に打ち抜き加工及び曲げ加工を含むプレス加工を施す事により、又は、鋼製丸棒等の金属素材に鍛造加工を施す事により、図4(A)に示す様な、第一中間素材25を得る。第一中間素材25は、基部12bを形成する為の略円板状又は略円柱状の基部用肉部26と、基部用肉部26の径方向反対側となる2箇所位置から軸方向片側に延出する状態で設けられた、1対の腕部13、13を形成する為の、それぞれが略矩形板状である1対の腕部用肉部27、27とを備える。
Next, a method for manufacturing the yoke 8g of this example having the above-described configuration will be described. When manufacturing the yoke 8g, first, by subjecting a metal plate material such as a steel plate to press working including punching and bending, or by forging a metal material such as a steel round bar, A first intermediate material 25 as shown in FIG. The first intermediate material 25 has a substantially disk-like or substantially columnar base meat part 26 for forming the base part 12b, and two axial positions opposite to the base part meat part 26 in the radial direction from one position in the axial direction. A pair of arm portion meat portions 27 and 27 each having a substantially rectangular plate shape are provided to form a pair of arm portions 13 and 13 provided in an extended state.
この様な第一中間素材25を得たならば、次いで、第一中間素材25を図示しないダイスのキャビティに配置した状態で、基部用肉部26の軸方向片側面の中央部から、基部用肉部26の内部に、図5に示す様なプレス用金型(押圧パンチ)28の先端部を押し込む。プレス用金型28の先端面は、軸方向に対して直角な円形の平面になっている。プレス用金型28の先端面のうちの外径側部分は、段差面23と合致する加工面である段差面用加工面29になっている。プレス用金型28の先端部外周面は、非圧入孔部22の内周面と合致する加工面である非圧入孔部用加工面30、及び、R面取り部24と合致する加工面であるR面取り部用加工面31になっている。尚、段差面用加工面29と非圧入孔部用加工面30とは、断面形状が部分円弧状の凸曲面により滑らかに連続している。そして、上述した様に、プレス用金型28の先端部を、基部用肉部26の軸方向片側面の中央部から、基部用肉部26の内部に押し込む事により、基部用肉部26の軸方向片側面の中央部を凹ませる。そして、この凹ませた部分(プレス用金型28の先端部を押し込んだ部分)のうち、段差面用加工面29と整合する部分を段差面23とし、非圧入孔部用加工面30と整合する部分を非圧入孔部22とし、R面取り部用加工面31と整合する部分をR面取り部24とする。これと共に、基部用肉部26の軸方向他側面の中央部を軸方向に膨出させて、この膨出させた部分を、張り出し環部20を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部32として、図4(B)に示す様な第二中間素材33とする。
If such a first intermediate material 25 is obtained, then, with the first intermediate material 25 placed in a cavity of a die (not shown), from the central portion on one side surface in the axial direction of the base meat portion 26, the base material The tip of a press die (press punch) 28 as shown in FIG. 5 is pushed into the meat portion 26. The front end surface of the press die 28 is a circular plane perpendicular to the axial direction. The outer diameter side portion of the front end surface of the pressing die 28 is a step surface processing surface 29 that is a processing surface that matches the step surface 23. The outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the press die 28 is a processed surface that matches the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the processed surface 30 for the non-press-fit hole portion, and the processed surface that matches the R chamfered portion 24. It is the processing surface 31 for the R chamfered portion. Note that the stepped surface 29 and the non-press-fit hole portion processed surface 30 are smoothly continuous with a convex surface having a partially arcuate cross section. Then, as described above, by pushing the tip end portion of the pressing die 28 from the central portion on one axial side surface of the base meat portion 26 into the base meat portion 26, The center of one side of the axial direction is recessed. Of the recessed portion (the portion into which the tip of the pressing die 28 is pushed), the portion that matches the step surface 29 is the step surface 23 and is aligned with the non-press-fit portion processing surface 30. A portion to be aligned is referred to as a non-press-fit hole portion 22, and a portion aligned with the R chamfered portion machining surface 31 is referred to as an R chamfer portion 24. At the same time, the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion 26 bulges in the axial direction, and this bulged portion is used as a bulge ring portion meat portion 32 for forming the bulge ring portion 20. A second intermediate material 33 as shown in FIG.
尚、張り出し環部用肉部32の外面形状は、圧入孔部21の開口部を除き、張り出し環部20の外面形状と一致している。本例の場合には、張り出し環部用肉部32の外面形状を得られる様にする為に、ダイスの内面でキャビティと対向する部分のうち、基部用肉部26の軸方向他側面の中央部と対向する部分に、張り出し環部用肉部32の外面と合致する内面を有する、受凹部を設けている。そして、上述の様に基部用肉部26の軸方向他側面の中央部から軸方向に膨出させた肉を、受凹部内に充填させる事に基づいて、上述の様な張り出し環部用肉部32の外面形状を得られる様にしている。
The outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32 is identical to the outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion 20 except for the opening of the press-fitting hole portion 21. In the case of this example, in order to obtain the outer surface shape of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32, the center of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion 26 in the portion facing the cavity on the inner surface of the die. A receiving concave portion having an inner surface that coincides with the outer surface of the overhanging meat portion 32 is provided in a portion facing the portion. Then, based on the fact that the meat bulged in the axial direction from the central portion of the other axial side surface of the base meat portion 26 as described above is filled into the receiving recess, the above-described protruding ring meat The outer surface shape of the part 32 is obtained.
上述の様な第二中間素材33を得たならば、次いで、第二中間素材33を構成する基部用肉部26の中央部に、打ち抜き加工や切削加工(圧入孔部21をセレーション孔とする場合には、更に雌セレーションを形成する為のブローチ加工)を施す事により、圧入孔部21を形成する。圧入孔部21の形成に伴って、張り出し環部用肉部32の中央部を除去する事により、張り出し環部20を形成する。又、腕部用肉部27、27の先端部に打ち抜き加工や切削加工を施す事により、円孔15、15を形成する。更に、必要に応じてその他の後加工を施す事により、図4(C)に示す様な、ヨーク8gを完成させる。
If the second intermediate material 33 as described above is obtained, then punching or cutting (the press-fitting hole portion 21 is used as a serration hole) in the central portion of the base meat portion 26 constituting the second intermediate material 33. In this case, the press-fitting hole portion 21 is formed by performing broaching for forming female serration. Along with the formation of the press-fitting hole portion 21, the overhanging ring portion 20 is formed by removing the central portion of the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32. Moreover, the circular holes 15 and 15 are formed by stamping and cutting the front-end | tip part of the arm part meat parts 27 and 27. As shown in FIG. Further, by performing other post-processing as necessary, a yoke 8g as shown in FIG. 4C is completed.
上述の様なヨーク8gの基部12bに、シャフト18の端部を結合する場合には、図6に示す様に、先ず、シャフト18の端部を、結合孔14aの圧入孔部21に圧入する。圧入孔部21がセレーション孔である場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成し、圧入に伴い、この雄セレーションをセレーション孔に締め代を持たせて係合させる。なお、圧入孔部21が内周面を単なる円筒面とした円孔である場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面は円筒面とされ、この円筒面を円孔からなる圧入孔部21に締め代を持たせて係合させる。また、圧入孔部21を円孔とし、シャフト18の端部外周面を雄セレーションとして、この雄セレーションを圧入孔部21に圧入してもよい。また、圧入孔部21をセレーション孔とし、シャフト18の端部外周面を円筒面として、この円筒面を圧入孔部21に圧入してもよい。次いで、張り出し環部20の外周面及び先端面とシャフト18の外周面との間に溶接金属19を掛け渡す状態で、即ち、張り出し環部20の全体が覆われる状態で、張り出し環部20とシャフト18とを溶接する。特に、シャフト18が中空軸である場合には、張り出し環部20とシャフト18の肉厚が略同一となり、溶接時にシャフト18とヨーク8gの両方が同等に溶け、溶接強度を高めることができる。
When the end portion of the shaft 18 is coupled to the base portion 12b of the yoke 8g as described above, first, the end portion of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the press-fit hole portion 21 of the coupling hole 14a as shown in FIG. . When the press-fitting hole portion 21 is a serration hole, a male serration is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18, and the male serration is engaged with the serration hole with a tightening margin with the press-fitting. When the press-fitting hole portion 21 is a circular hole whose inner peripheral surface is a simple cylindrical surface, the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 is a cylindrical surface, and this cylindrical surface is formed into the press-fitting hole portion 21 formed of a circular hole. Engage with tightening allowance. Alternatively, the press-fitting hole portion 21 may be a circular hole, the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 may be a male serration, and the male serration may be press-fitted into the press-fitting hole portion 21. Alternatively, the press-fitting hole portion 21 may be a serration hole, the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18 may be a cylindrical surface, and this cylindrical surface may be press-fitted into the press-fitting hole portion 21. Next, in a state where the weld metal 19 is spanned between the outer peripheral surface and the front end surface of the overhang ring portion 20 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 18, that is, in a state where the entire overhang ring portion 20 is covered, The shaft 18 is welded. In particular, when the shaft 18 is a hollow shaft, the overhanging ring portion 20 and the shaft 18 have substantially the same thickness, so that both the shaft 18 and the yoke 8g are melted equally during welding, and the welding strength can be increased.
本例の場合には、結合孔14aのうち、張り出し環部20に対応する部分を含む軸方向中間部乃至他端部を、圧入孔部21としている。これと共に、張り出し環部20の外周面を、張り出し環部20の軸方向先端側に向かう程直径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した部分円すい面としている。この為、張り出し環部20の径方向の肉厚(剛性)は、軸方向先端側に向かう程小さくなっている。従って、圧入孔部21にシャフト18の端部を圧入した状態で、圧入孔部21とシャフト18の端部との嵌合部に作用する面圧σPが、張り出し環部20の軸方向先端部に対応する部分で集中的に高くなる事を防止できる。
In the case of this example, the axial direction intermediate part thru | or other end part including the part corresponding to the overhang | projection ring part 20 among the coupling holes 14a are made into the press-fit hole part 21. FIG. At the same time, the outer peripheral surface of the projecting ring portion 20 is a partial conical surface that is inclined in a direction in which the diameter decreases toward the tip end side in the axial direction of the projecting ring portion 20. For this reason, the radial thickness (rigidity) of the overhanging ring portion 20 becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the axial direction. Therefore, the surface pressure σ P acting on the fitting portion between the press-fitting hole 21 and the end of the shaft 18 in a state where the end of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the press-fitting hole 21 is the tip of the overhanging ring part 20 in the axial direction. It is possible to prevent intensive increase in the part corresponding to the part.
即ち、図7(B)に示す様に、張り出し環部20aの外周面を円筒状とする事により、張り出し環部20aの径方向の肉厚(剛性)を軸方向に関して一定とする場合には、嵌合部に作用する面圧σPが、張り出し環部20aの軸方向先端部に対応する部分(上述した圧入の入口側端部である、同図の下端部)で集中的に高くなる傾向がある。これに対し、本例の場合には、図7(A)に示す様に、張り出し環部20aの径方向の肉厚(剛性)が軸方向先端側に向かう程小さくなっている為、嵌合部に作用する面圧σPが、張り出し環部20の軸方向先端部に対応する部分(同図の下端部)で集中的に高くなる事を防止できる。従って、本例の場合には、シャフト18の端部寄り部分で、面圧σPが作用している領域と作用していない領域との境界部分に加わる剪断応力を効果的に抑えられる。この結果、この境界部分の耐久性を確保する為の設計を容易に行える。この様な効果は、シャフト18が中空軸である場合に、特に有利な効果となる。上述の様な面圧を抑える効果を、十分に得られる様にする為に、好ましくは、張り出し環部20の中心軸に対する、張り出し環部20の外周面(部分円すい面)の傾斜角度を、20~70度の範囲に設定する。
That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the outer circumferential surface of the overhanging ring portion 20a is cylindrical, the radial thickness (rigidity) of the overhanging ring portion 20a is constant in the axial direction. The surface pressure σ P acting on the fitting portion is intensively increased at the portion corresponding to the axial end portion of the overhanging ring portion 20a (the lower end portion in the figure, which is the end portion on the inlet side of the press-fitting described above). Tend. On the other hand, in the case of this example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the radial thickness (rigidity) of the projecting ring portion 20a becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the axial direction. It is possible to prevent the surface pressure σ P acting on the portion from being intensively increased at the portion corresponding to the tip end portion in the axial direction of the overhanging ring portion 20 (the lower end portion in the figure). Therefore, in the case of this example, the shear stress applied to the boundary portion between the region where the surface pressure σ P is acting and the region where the surface pressure σ P is not acting can be effectively suppressed near the end of the shaft 18. As a result, the design for ensuring the durability of the boundary portion can be easily performed. Such an effect is particularly advantageous when the shaft 18 is a hollow shaft. In order to sufficiently obtain the effect of suppressing the surface pressure as described above, preferably, the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface (partial conical surface) of the overhang ring portion 20 with respect to the central axis of the overhang ring portion 20 is: Set in the range of 20-70 degrees.
上述の様に構成する本例の自在継手用ヨークの場合、結合孔14aにシャフト18の端部を圧入する事に伴って大きなフープ応力が発生する部分である、結合孔14aの圧入孔部21の表層部と、十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態でのトルク伝達時に、捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する部分である、結合孔14aの非圧入孔部22の内周面と基部12bの軸方向片側面との連続部(R面取り部24を設けた部分)とが、互いに離れた位置に存在する。従って、本例の場合には、前述した各従来構造の如く、圧入に伴う大きなフープ応力が発生する部分と、捩れに基づく応力集中が発生する部分とが、互いに重なり合う構造に比べて、基部12bに発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。この結果、基部12bの強度確保の為の設計を容易に行える。
In the case of the universal joint yoke of the present example configured as described above, the press-fitting hole portion 21 of the coupling hole 14a is a portion where a large hoop stress is generated when the end of the shaft 18 is press-fitted into the coupling hole 14a. The inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 of the coupling hole 14a and the shaft of the base portion 12b are portions where stress concentration due to torsion occurs when torque is transmitted with the surface layer portion and the cross shaft universal joint assembled. A continuous portion (a portion provided with the R chamfered portion 24) with one side surface in the direction exists at a position away from each other. Therefore, in the case of this example, as in the conventional structures described above, the base 12b is compared with a structure in which a portion where a large hoop stress due to press-fitting occurs and a portion where stress concentration due to torsion overlaps each other. The maximum value of the stress generated in can be kept low. As a result, the design for securing the strength of the base portion 12b can be easily performed.
又、本例の場合には、非圧入孔部22の内周面と基部12bの軸方向片側面との連続部にR面取り部24を設けている為、連続部に発生する、捩れに基づく応力集中を緩和できる。更に、本例の場合には、R面取り部24を、プレス加工により形成している。この為、連続部の表層部に圧縮残留応力を付与する事ができる。圧縮残留応力は、使用時に加わる応力に基づく亀裂等の損傷の発生を抑える作用を有するので、連続部の許容応力を向上させる事ができる。この結果、基部12bの強度確保の為の設計を、より容易に行える。
In the case of this example, since the R chamfered portion 24 is provided at the continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and one axial side surface of the base portion 12b, it is based on the twist generated in the continuous portion. Stress concentration can be relaxed. Furthermore, in this example, the R chamfered portion 24 is formed by press working. For this reason, compressive residual stress can be given to the surface layer part of a continuous part. Since the compressive residual stress has an action of suppressing the occurrence of damage such as cracks based on the stress applied during use, the allowable stress of the continuous portion can be improved. As a result, the design for securing the strength of the base portion 12b can be performed more easily.
又、本例の場合には、第一中間素材25の基部用肉部26の軸方向片側面の中央部から、基部用肉部26の内部に、プレス用金型28の先端部を押し込む事により、段差面23と、非圧入孔部22と、R面取り部24と、張り出し環部用肉部32とを、同時に形成する事ができる。この為、自在継手用ヨークの製造コストを抑えられる。
In the case of this example, the tip of the pressing die 28 is pushed into the base meat portion 26 from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion 26 of the first intermediate material 25. Accordingly, the stepped surface 23, the non-press-fit hole portion 22, the R chamfered portion 24, and the protruding ring portion meat portion 32 can be formed simultaneously. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the universal joint yoke can be suppressed.
[実施の形態の第2例]
図8は、本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示している。本例のヨーク8hの場合には、結合孔14bを構成する非圧入孔部22aのうち、1対の腕部13、13の内側面同士の対向方向{図8(A)の上下方向}に対して直交する(回転方向に関する位相が90度ずつずれた)径方向{図8(A)(B)の左右方向}反対側となる2箇所位置に、それぞれ径方向に凹入すると共に基部12cの軸方向片側面に開口する剛性低下用凹部35、35を、非圧入孔部22aの一部として設けている。又、本例の場合も、ヨーク8hは、上述した実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様の方法で製造する。この為に、プレス用金型28を構成する非圧入孔部用加工面30及びR面取り部用加工面31(図5参照)には、剛性低下用凹部35、35及びこれらの開口縁部と合致する形状を付加しておく。尚、本発明を実施する場合、R面取り部24は、周方向に関して剛性低下用凹部35、35から外れた部分にのみ形成する事もできる。この場合、R面取り部用加工面31は、この外れた部分に対応する部分にのみ設けておけば良い。 [Second Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 8 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of theyoke 8h of the present example, in the non-press-fit hole portion 22a constituting the coupling hole 14b, the opposing directions of the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13 and 13 {vertical direction in FIG. 8A}. Recessed in the radial direction at two positions opposite to the radial direction {left and right direction in FIGS. 8A and 8B) orthogonal to each other (the phase with respect to the rotation direction is shifted by 90 degrees) and the base 12c Are provided as a part of the non-press-fit hole 22a. Also in this example, the yoke 8h is manufactured by the same method as in the first example of the embodiment described above. Therefore, the non-press-fit hole processing surface 30 and the R chamfer processing surface 31 (see FIG. 5) constituting the press die 28 are provided with rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35 and their opening edges. A matching shape is added. When the present invention is implemented, the R chamfered portion 24 can be formed only in a portion that is out of the recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity in the circumferential direction. In this case, the processed surface 31 for the R chamfered portion may be provided only in a portion corresponding to the removed portion.
図8は、本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示している。本例のヨーク8hの場合には、結合孔14bを構成する非圧入孔部22aのうち、1対の腕部13、13の内側面同士の対向方向{図8(A)の上下方向}に対して直交する(回転方向に関する位相が90度ずつずれた)径方向{図8(A)(B)の左右方向}反対側となる2箇所位置に、それぞれ径方向に凹入すると共に基部12cの軸方向片側面に開口する剛性低下用凹部35、35を、非圧入孔部22aの一部として設けている。又、本例の場合も、ヨーク8hは、上述した実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様の方法で製造する。この為に、プレス用金型28を構成する非圧入孔部用加工面30及びR面取り部用加工面31(図5参照)には、剛性低下用凹部35、35及びこれらの開口縁部と合致する形状を付加しておく。尚、本発明を実施する場合、R面取り部24は、周方向に関して剛性低下用凹部35、35から外れた部分にのみ形成する事もできる。この場合、R面取り部用加工面31は、この外れた部分に対応する部分にのみ設けておけば良い。 [Second Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 8 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the
上述の様な構成を有する本例の自在継手用ヨークによれば、剛性低下用凹部35、35の存在に基づいて、非圧入孔部22aの内周面と基部12cの軸方向片側面との連続部(R面取り部24を設けた部分)のうち、剛性低下用凹部35、35以外の部分の円周方向に関する剛性を低下させる事ができる。従って、その分、十字軸式自在継手を組み立てた状態でのトルク伝達時に、当該部分の円周方向の弾性変形量を増やす事ができる。この結果、それぞれが当該部分の一部である、円周方向に関して腕部13、13の基端部の幅方向両端部と同位相の部分、即ち、捩れに基づく応力集中が特に大きくなる、図8(A)に斜格子を付して示した4箇所部分(α部分)の応力集中を緩和できる。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、上述した実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
According to the universal joint yoke of the present example having the above-described configuration, the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion 22a and the one axial side surface of the base portion 12c are formed based on the presence of the recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity. Of the continuous part (the part provided with the R chamfered part 24), the rigidity in the circumferential direction of the parts other than the rigidity-reducing recesses 35, 35 can be reduced. Accordingly, the amount of elastic deformation in the circumferential direction of the portion can be increased when torque is transmitted with the cross shaft universal joint assembled. As a result, each of the portions is a part of the portion, and the portions in phase with the width direction both ends of the base end portions of the arm portions 13 and 13 with respect to the circumferential direction, that is, the stress concentration due to torsion becomes particularly large. It is possible to relieve the stress concentration at the four portions (α portion) shown in FIG. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above.
[実施の形態の第3例]
図9は、本発明の実施の形態の第3例を示している。本例のヨーク8iの場合には、1対の腕部13a、13aの内側面の先端部の幅方向中間部に、それぞれ案内用凹部36、36を設けている。これと共に、腕部13a、13aの先端部に設けた円孔15、15の一部(腕部13a、13aの先端側の端部)を、案内用凹部36、36に開口させている。これにより、案内用凹部36、36を通じて、円孔15、15内に、十字軸9(図12参照)の各軸部を挿入し易くしている。 [Third example of embodiment]
FIG. 9 shows a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of theyoke 8i of this example, guide recesses 36 and 36 are provided at the intermediate portions in the width direction of the tip portions of the inner side surfaces of the pair of arm portions 13a and 13a, respectively. At the same time, a part of the circular holes 15 and 15 provided at the distal end portions of the arm portions 13a and 13a (end portions on the distal end side of the arm portions 13a and 13a) are opened in the guide concave portions 36 and 36. This facilitates the insertion of the shafts of the cross shaft 9 (see FIG. 12) into the circular holes 15 and 15 through the guide recesses 36 and 36.
図9は、本発明の実施の形態の第3例を示している。本例のヨーク8iの場合には、1対の腕部13a、13aの内側面の先端部の幅方向中間部に、それぞれ案内用凹部36、36を設けている。これと共に、腕部13a、13aの先端部に設けた円孔15、15の一部(腕部13a、13aの先端側の端部)を、案内用凹部36、36に開口させている。これにより、案内用凹部36、36を通じて、円孔15、15内に、十字軸9(図12参照)の各軸部を挿入し易くしている。 [Third example of embodiment]
FIG. 9 shows a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the
又、本例の場合も、ヨーク8iは、前述した実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様の方法で製造する。そして、案内用凹部36、36を、非圧入孔部22及び張り出し環部用肉部32及びR面取り部24{図4(B)参照}と同時に形成する。この為に、プレス用金型28(図5参照)の基端寄り部外周面には、案内用凹部36、36と合致する(案内用凹部36、36を形成する為の)案内用凹部用加工面を設けておく。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、上述した実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
Also in this example, the yoke 8i is manufactured by the same method as in the first example of the embodiment described above. Then, the guide recesses 36 are formed at the same time as the non-press-fit hole portion 22, the protruding ring portion meat portion 32, and the R chamfered portion 24 {see FIG. 4 (B)}. For this reason, on the outer peripheral surface near the base end of the press die 28 (see FIG. 5), the guide recesses (for forming the guide recesses 36, 36) that coincide with the guide recesses 36, 36 are used. A processing surface is provided. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above.
尚、本発明を実施する場合、案内用凹部36、36は、上述した実施の形態の第2例のヨークに対して設ける事もできる。この場合も、上述した実施の形態の第3例と同様の方法で、案内用凹部36、36を形成する事ができる。
When the present invention is implemented, the guide recesses 36 and 36 can be provided on the yoke of the second example of the embodiment described above. Also in this case, the guide recesses 36 can be formed by the same method as in the third example of the embodiment described above.
[実施の形態の第4例]
図15は本発明の実施の形態の第4例を示している。本例においては、ヨーク8eに非圧入孔部22を設けずに、シャフト18のヨーク8e側の端部に非圧入部であるシャフト小径円筒部40を設けている。このシャフト小径円筒部40によっても、非圧入孔部22と同様にヨーク8eの基部12に発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。なお、本例においては、張り出し環部20が設けられていないヨーク8eを用いた自在継手ヨークに本発明を適用した例を示したが、張り出し環部20が設けられたヨーク8g、8h、8iを用いた自在継手ヨークにも適用できる。また、結合孔14は円孔ではなく、セレーション孔としても良い。この場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成する。 [Fourth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 15 shows a fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 is not provided in the yoke 8e, but the shaft small-diameter cylindrical portion 40 that is a non-press-fit portion is provided at the end of the shaft 18 on the yoke 8e side. The shaft small-diameter cylindrical portion 40 can also suppress the maximum value of the stress generated in the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as in the non-press-fit hole portion 22. In this example, the example in which the present invention is applied to the universal joint yoke using the yoke 8e without the overhanging ring portion 20 is shown. However, the yokes 8g, 8h, and 8i with the overhanging ring portion 20 provided. It can also be applied to a universal joint yoke using Further, the coupling hole 14 may be a serration hole instead of a circular hole. In this case, male serrations are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18.
図15は本発明の実施の形態の第4例を示している。本例においては、ヨーク8eに非圧入孔部22を設けずに、シャフト18のヨーク8e側の端部に非圧入部であるシャフト小径円筒部40を設けている。このシャフト小径円筒部40によっても、非圧入孔部22と同様にヨーク8eの基部12に発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。なお、本例においては、張り出し環部20が設けられていないヨーク8eを用いた自在継手ヨークに本発明を適用した例を示したが、張り出し環部20が設けられたヨーク8g、8h、8iを用いた自在継手ヨークにも適用できる。また、結合孔14は円孔ではなく、セレーション孔としても良い。この場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成する。 [Fourth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 15 shows a fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the non-press-
[実施の形態の第5例]
図16は本発明の実施の形態の第5例を示している。本例においては、ヨーク8eに非圧入孔部22を設けずに、ヨーク8eに大きな面取り部41を設けている。この面取り部41によっても、非圧入孔部22と同様にヨーク8eの基部12に発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。なお、本例においては、張り出し環部20が設けられていないヨーク8eを用いた自在継手ヨークに本発明を適用した例を示したが、張り出し環部20が設けられたヨーク8g、8h、8iを用いた自在継手ヨークにも適用できる。また、結合孔14は円孔ではなく、セレーション孔としても良い。この場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成する。 [Fifth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 16 shows a fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this example, theyoke 8e is not provided with the non-press-fit hole 22, but the yoke 8e is provided with a large chamfer 41. The chamfered portion 41 can also suppress the maximum value of the stress generated in the base portion 12 of the yoke 8e as in the non-press-fit hole portion 22. In this example, the example in which the present invention is applied to the universal joint yoke using the yoke 8e without the overhanging ring portion 20 is shown. However, the yokes 8g, 8h, and 8i with the overhanging ring portion 20 provided. It can also be applied to a universal joint yoke using Further, the coupling hole 14 may be a serration hole instead of a circular hole. In this case, male serrations are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the shaft 18.
図16は本発明の実施の形態の第5例を示している。本例においては、ヨーク8eに非圧入孔部22を設けずに、ヨーク8eに大きな面取り部41を設けている。この面取り部41によっても、非圧入孔部22と同様にヨーク8eの基部12に発生する応力の最大値を低く抑えられる。なお、本例においては、張り出し環部20が設けられていないヨーク8eを用いた自在継手ヨークに本発明を適用した例を示したが、張り出し環部20が設けられたヨーク8g、8h、8iを用いた自在継手ヨークにも適用できる。また、結合孔14は円孔ではなく、セレーション孔としても良い。この場合には、シャフト18の端部外周面に雄セレーションを形成する。 [Fifth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 16 shows a fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the
本発明を実施する場合には、必ずしも、結合孔の非圧入孔部の内周面と基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に、面取り部を設ける必要はない。又、面取り部を設ける場合に、面取り部は、図10に示す様な、断面形状が直線状のC面取り部34とする事もできる。
In carrying out the present invention, it is not always necessary to provide a chamfered portion at a continuous portion between the inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion of the coupling hole and one side surface in the axial direction of the base portion. Further, when the chamfered portion is provided, the chamfered portion may be a C chamfered portion 34 having a linear cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
又、本発明の自在継手用ヨークの製造方法を実施する場合には、例えば、プレス用金型28のR面取り部用加工面31(図5参照)を省略した形状のプレス用金型を用いて、上述した実施の形態と同様の方法で、非圧入孔部22と張り出し環部用肉部32とを同時に形成した後、連続部に面取り部24(図4参照)を、別のプレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、或いは、切削加工により、別工程で形成する事もできる。
When carrying out the method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke of the present invention, for example, a press die having a shape in which the R chamfered portion processing surface 31 (see FIG. 5) of the press die 28 is omitted is used. Then, after the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the overhanging ring portion meat portion 32 are formed at the same time in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, a chamfered portion 24 (see FIG. 4) is formed on the continuous portion for another press. It can also be formed in a separate process by pressing using a die or by cutting.
又、本発明のヨークを製造する場合で、ヨークが、面取り部24と1対の剛性低下用凹部35、35(図8参照)とを備えている場合には、先ず、第一プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、上述した実施の形態と同様の方法で、剛性低下用凹部35、35が設けられていない非圧入孔部22と張り出し環部用肉部32(図4参照)とを同時に形成し、その後、第二プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、面取り部24と剛性低下用凹部35、35とを同時に形成する事もできる。
In the case of manufacturing the yoke of the present invention, when the yoke is provided with the chamfered portion 24 and the pair of recesses 35 and 35 for reducing rigidity (see FIG. 8), first, the first press gold By press working using a die, in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the protruding ring portion meat portion 32 (see FIG. 4) not provided with the recesses 35, 35 for reducing rigidity are provided. The chamfered portion 24 and the rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35 can be simultaneously formed by pressing using a second press die.
又、本発明のヨークを製造する場合で、ヨークが、面取り部24と1対の案内用凹部36、36(図9参照)とを備えている場合には、先ず、第一プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、上述した実施の形態と同様の方法で、非圧入孔部22(図4参照){又は22a(図8参照)}と張り出し環部用肉部32(図4参照)とを同時に形成し、その後、第二プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、面取り部24と案内用凹部36、36とを同時に形成する事もできる。
When the yoke of the present invention is manufactured and the yoke includes the chamfered portion 24 and the pair of guide recesses 36 and 36 (see FIG. 9), first, the first press die In the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, non-press-fit hole 22 (see FIG. 4) {or 22a (see FIG. 8)} and overhanging meat portion 32 (see FIG. 4) Can be simultaneously formed, and then the chamfered portion 24 and the guide concave portions 36 and 36 can be formed simultaneously by press working using a second pressing die.
更に、本発明のヨークを製造する場合で、ヨークが、面取り部24と1対の剛性低下用凹部35、35と1対の案内用凹部36、36(図8、9参照)とを備えている場合には、先ず、第一プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、上述した実施の形態と同様の方法で、剛性低下用凹部35、35が設けられていない非圧入孔部22と張り出し環部用肉部32(図4参照)とを同時に形成し、その後、第二プレス用金型を用いたプレス加工により、面取り部24と剛性低下用凹部35、35と案内用凹部36、36とを同時に形成する事もできる。
Further, in the case of manufacturing the yoke of the present invention, the yoke includes the chamfered portion 24, a pair of rigidity-reducing recesses 35, 35, and a pair of guide recesses 36, 36 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). In the case where the first press die is used, first, by press working using the first press die, the non-press-fit hole portion 22 and the overhanging hole portion 22 not provided with the rigidity-reducing concave portions 35 and 35 are projected in the same manner as the above-described embodiment. The annular portion 32 (see FIG. 4) is formed at the same time, and then the chamfered portion 24, the rigidity-reducing recesses 35 and 35, and the guide recesses 36 and 36 are formed by pressing using a second pressing die. Can be formed simultaneously.
又、本発明を実施する場合、張り出し環部は、必ずしも、シャフトとの間で溶接金属を掛け渡す部位として使用する必要はなく、単に、結合孔の軸方向長さを確保する為の部位として使用するだけでも良い。
Moreover, when carrying out the present invention, it is not always necessary to use the overhanging ring portion as a portion for passing the weld metal between the shaft and simply as a portion for securing the axial length of the coupling hole. You can just use it.
又、本発明を実施する場合、結合孔の軸方向他端部は、圧入孔部ではなく、非圧入後部とする事もできる。
Moreover, when implementing this invention, the axial direction other end part of a joint hole can also be made into a non-press-fit rear part instead of a press-fit hole part.
本出願は、2013年7月16日出願の日本特許出願2013-147233、2013年11月1日出願の日本特許出願2013-228672、2014年5月27日出願の日本特許出願2014-108684、2014年6月5日出願の日本特許出願2014-116393に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
The present application is Japanese Patent Application 2013-147233 filed on July 16, 2013, Japanese Patent Application 2013-228672 filed on November 1, 2013, Japanese Patent Application 2014-108684, 2014 filed on May 27, 2014. This is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-116393 filed on June 5, 1, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1 ステアリングホイール
2 ステアリングシャフト
3a、3b 自在継手
4 中間シャフト
5 ステアリングギヤユニット
6 入力軸
7 タイロッド
8a~8i ヨーク
9 十字軸
10 雄軸
11 雌軸
12、12a~12c 基部
13、13a 腕部
14、14a、14b 結合孔
15 円孔
16 軸受カップ
17 ニードル
18 シャフト
19 溶接金属
20、20a 張り出し環部
21 圧入孔部
22、22a 非圧入孔部
23 段差面
24 R面取り部
25 第一中間素材
26 基部用肉部
27 腕部用肉部
28 プレス用金型
29 段差面用加工面
30 非圧入孔部用加工面
31 R面取り部用加工面
32 張り出し環部用肉部
33 第二中間素材
34 C面取り部
35 剛性低下用凹部
36 案内用凹部
40 シャフト小径円筒部(非圧入部)
41 面取り部(非圧入部) DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 Steering wheel 2 Steering shaft 3a, 3b Universal joint 4 Intermediate shaft 5 Steering gear unit 6 Input shaft 7 Tie rod 8a-8i Yoke 9 Cross shaft 10 Male shaft 11 Female shaft 12, 12a- 12c Base portion 13, 13a Arm portion 14, 14a , 14b Coupling hole 15 Circular hole 16 Bearing cup 17 Needle 18 Shaft 19 Weld metal 20, 20a Overhang ring portion 21 Press- fit hole portion 22, 22a Non-press-fit hole portion 23 Step surface 24 R Chamfer portion 25 First intermediate material 26 Meat for base portion Part 27 Arm part meat part 28 Press die 29 Stepped surface processed surface 30 Non-press-fit hole processed surface 31 R Chamfered part processed surface 32 Overhang ring part meat part 33 Second intermediate material 34 C chamfered part 35 Rigidity-reducing concave part 36 Guide concave part 40 Shaft small-diameter cylindrical part (non-press-fit part)
41 Chamfered part (non-press-fit part)
2 ステアリングシャフト
3a、3b 自在継手
4 中間シャフト
5 ステアリングギヤユニット
6 入力軸
7 タイロッド
8a~8i ヨーク
9 十字軸
10 雄軸
11 雌軸
12、12a~12c 基部
13、13a 腕部
14、14a、14b 結合孔
15 円孔
16 軸受カップ
17 ニードル
18 シャフト
19 溶接金属
20、20a 張り出し環部
21 圧入孔部
22、22a 非圧入孔部
23 段差面
24 R面取り部
25 第一中間素材
26 基部用肉部
27 腕部用肉部
28 プレス用金型
29 段差面用加工面
30 非圧入孔部用加工面
31 R面取り部用加工面
32 張り出し環部用肉部
33 第二中間素材
34 C面取り部
35 剛性低下用凹部
36 案内用凹部
40 シャフト小径円筒部(非圧入部)
41 面取り部(非圧入部) DESCRIPTION OF
41 Chamfered part (non-press-fit part)
Claims (9)
- 径方向中心部に軸方向に形成された結合孔を有する環状の基部と、
前記基部の径方向反対側となる2箇所位置から軸方向片側に延出する状態で設けられた1対の腕部と、
を備えた自在継手用ヨークであって、
前記結合孔は、軸方向中間部乃至他端部のうちの少なくとも軸方向中間部を、シャフトの端部を圧入する為の圧入孔部とすると共に、前記圧入孔部に対して軸方向に隣接する軸方向片端部を、前記圧入孔部よりも大径で前記シャフトの端部が圧入されない非圧入孔部としている自在継手用ヨーク。 An annular base portion having a coupling hole formed in the axial direction at the center in the radial direction;
A pair of arms provided in a state of extending in one axial direction from two positions opposite to the radial direction of the base;
A universal joint yoke comprising:
The coupling hole has at least an axially intermediate portion of the axially intermediate portion or the other end portion as a press-fit hole portion for press-fitting an end portion of the shaft, and is adjacent to the press-fit hole portion in the axial direction. A universal joint yoke in which one end in the axial direction is a non-press-fit hole portion having a diameter larger than that of the press-fit hole portion and into which the end portion of the shaft is not press-fitted. - 前記基部と前記シャフトとは溶接されている、請求項1に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。 The universal joint yoke according to claim 1, wherein the base and the shaft are welded.
- 前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられている、請求項1又は2に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。 The universal joint yoke according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a chamfered portion is provided at a continuous portion between an inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion.
- 前記基部のうちで、前記結合孔の軸方向他端部の周囲部分に、前記結合孔の軸方向他端寄り部の周囲部分に比べて径方向の肉厚が小さくなった張り出し環部が設けられている、請求項1~3のうちの何れか1項に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。 Of the base portion, a protruding ring portion having a smaller radial thickness than the peripheral portion near the other axial end of the coupling hole is provided around the axial other end of the coupling hole. The universal joint yoke according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
- 前記張り出し環部の径方向の肉厚は、軸方向先端側に向かう程、小さくなっている、請求項4に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。 The universal joint yoke according to claim 4, wherein a radial thickness of the projecting ring portion decreases toward the tip end side in the axial direction.
- 前記非圧入孔部が、前記1対の腕部の内側面同士の対向方向に対して直交する径方向反対側となる2箇所位置に、それぞれ径方向に凹入すると共に前記基部の軸方向片側面に開口する剛性低下用凹部を備えている、請求項1~5のうちの何れか1項に記載した自在継手用ヨーク。 The non-press-fit holes are recessed in the radial direction at two positions on the opposite side in the radial direction orthogonal to the opposing direction of the inner surfaces of the pair of arm portions, and the axial piece of the base portion The universal joint yoke according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a rigidity-decreasing recess opening on a side surface.
- 請求項4に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法であって、
先端部外周面に前記非圧入孔部と合致する加工面である非圧入孔部用加工面を備えたプレス用金型を用意すると共に、前記基部を形成する為の略円板状又は略円柱状の基部用肉部を有する中間素材を得た後、前記基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とすると共に、前記基部用肉部の軸方向他側面の中央部を軸方向に膨出させて、この膨出させた部分を、前記張り出し環部を形成する為の張り出し環部用肉部とする、
自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。 A method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to claim 4,
Prepare a press die having a non-press-fit hole working surface that is a work surface that matches the non-press-fit hole portion on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion, and form a substantially disk shape or a substantially circular shape for forming the base portion After obtaining the intermediate material having the columnar base meat portion, the front end portion of the pressing mold is pushed into the base meat portion from the central portion of one axial side surface of the base meat portion. Thus, of the pushed-in portion, the portion that matches the processing surface for the non-press-fit hole portion is used as the non-press-fit hole portion, and the central portion of the other side surface in the axial direction of the base portion meat portion is bulged in the axial direction. And let this bulged portion be the overhang ring portion meat portion for forming the overhang ring portion,
Manufacturing method of universal joint yoke. - 前記基部用肉部の中央部に前記圧入孔部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部の形成に伴って、前記張り出し環部用肉部の中央部を除去することにより、前記張り出し環部を形成し、
前記圧入孔部に前記シャフトの端部を圧入し、
前記張り出し環部を覆うように、前記張り出し環部と前記シャフトとを溶接する、
請求項7に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。 Forming the press-fitting hole at the center of the base meat part,
With the formation of the press-fitting hole portion, by removing the central portion of the meat portion for the overhang ring portion, the overhang ring portion is formed,
Press-fit the end of the shaft into the press-fitting hole,
Welding the overhanging ring portion and the shaft so as to cover the overhanging ring portion;
A method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to claim 7. - 製造対象が、前記非圧入孔部の内周面と前記基部の軸方向片側面との連続部に面取り部が設けられており、前記面取り部がプレス加工により形成されている、請求項4に記載した自在継手用ヨークであり、
前記プレス用金型の先端部外周面に、前記非圧入孔部用加工面に加えて、前記面取り部と合致する加工面である面取り部用加工面が設けられており、
前記中間素材を構成する基部用肉部の軸方向片側面の中央部から、前記基部用肉部の内部に、前記プレス用金型の先端部を押し込む事により、この押し込んだ部分のうち、前記非圧入孔部用加工面と整合する部分を前記非圧入孔部とし、且つ、前記面取り部用加工面と整合する部分を前記面取り部とする、
請求項7に記載した自在継手用ヨークの製造方法。 The manufacturing object is provided with a chamfered portion at a continuous portion between an inner peripheral surface of the non-press-fit hole portion and one axial side surface of the base portion, and the chamfered portion is formed by press working. The universal joint yoke described,
In addition to the non-press-fit hole processing surface, a chamfered portion processing surface that is a processing surface that matches the chamfered portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the press die,
From the central part of one side in the axial direction of the base meat part that constitutes the intermediate material, by pushing the tip of the pressing mold into the inside of the base meat part, The portion that matches the processed surface for non-press-fit holes is the non-press-fit hole portion, and the portion that matches the processed surface for chamfered portions is the chamfered portion,
A method for manufacturing a universal joint yoke according to claim 7.
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CN106141051B (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2018-06-08 | 赖传荣 | The forming method and its device of female engaging member of universal joint |
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JPS62215128A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1987-09-21 | Kanae Kogyo Kk | Processing of yoke in universal joint and the like |
JP2008196650A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-28 | Nsk Ltd | Universal joint, steering device using it, and electric power steering device |
JP2011161457A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-25 | Nsk Ltd | Method for manufacturing yoke of universal joint |
JP2012112509A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-14 | Nsk Ltd | Method and structure for coupling between shaft and yoke |
JP2013024369A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-02-04 | Nsk Ltd | Joint part between shaft and universal joint yoke, and method for manufacturing the same |
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JPWO2016199807A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2018-03-15 | 日本精工株式会社 | Universal joint yoke |
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CN104620005B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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