WO2015003449A1 - 光声-荧光双模内窥镜 - Google Patents

光声-荧光双模内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015003449A1
WO2015003449A1 PCT/CN2013/087652 CN2013087652W WO2015003449A1 WO 2015003449 A1 WO2015003449 A1 WO 2015003449A1 CN 2013087652 W CN2013087652 W CN 2013087652W WO 2015003449 A1 WO2015003449 A1 WO 2015003449A1
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Prior art keywords
photoacoustic
endoscope
light source
optical fiber
laser light
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PCT/CN2013/087652
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋亮
白晓淞
龚小竞
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深圳先进技术研究院
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Publication of WO2015003449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015003449A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/0035Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00172Optical arrangements with means for scanning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00188Optical arrangements with focusing or zooming features
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/043Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances for fluorescence imaging
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0071Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0093Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
    • A61B5/0095Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of endoscopes, and in particular relates to a photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope.
  • endoscope As a non-invasive or minimally invasive imaging method, endoscope can penetrate into the internal body cavity of the organism and directly observe the internal organs and tissue characteristics. It is widely used in many fields such as biomedicine and clinical diagnosis and treatment, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular digestion. Road and interventional diagnosis.
  • Ultrasound endoscopy uses reflection ultrasound imaging to reflect tissue structural information, but it has low imaging resolution, low soft tissue contrast, and cannot reflect physiological function changes and molecular information, so it cannot effectively reflect biological tissue. Early lesions.
  • the optical endoscope can only image the surface of the internal biological tissue through the CCD, and the tissue below the epidermis can not be observed, which limits the disease diagnosis ability to a certain extent.
  • NIR endoscopes use molecular targeting probes to specifically image biomolecules, which have high sensitivity for early diagnosis of diseases, but it cannot reflect the morphology and structural characteristics of biological tissues, and does not have depth resolution. Therefore, it is not possible to provide more informative 3D imaging.
  • Photoacoustic endoscopic imaging using optical absorption contrast, especially optical resolution photoacoustic endoscope has high contrast and resolution, and can simultaneously image the morphological structure, chemical composition and physiological function information of biological tissues. It has extremely significant significance and clinical value for early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors.
  • Multimodal imaging methods A variety of imaging modalities have been combined to compensate for the deficiencies of a single imaging modality, which has become a development trend.
  • the existing multi-modal endoscopic techniques have low resolution of photoacoustic imaging and fluorescence imaging, and it is difficult to effectively distinguish early lesions, or although the imaging resolution can be improved, but the probe photoacoustic imaging module uses transmission.
  • the method of receiving a photoacoustic signal does not enable true endoscopic imaging to be applied to the detection of a living body cavity.
  • the invention discloses a photoacoustic-fluorescence multi-mode endoscope, which can obtain a three-dimensional image of tissue structure, chemical composition and physiological function characteristic information with higher optical resolution for early diagnosis of diseases, and can simultaneously obtain biological tissues. High sensitivity biospecific molecular information.
  • the invention provides a photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing endoscope has low image resolution and limited use occasions.
  • a photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope comprising: a control system, a laser light source, an optical path system, an endoscope catheter, a scanning system, a data acquisition system, an image reconstruction system, and a display system
  • the control system controls the laser light source, the scanning system, the data acquisition system, the image reconstruction system, and the display system, the laser light source, the optical path system, the scanning system, and the inner
  • the speculum catheters are sequentially connected, the data acquisition system is respectively connected to the optical path system and the endoscope catheter, and the data acquisition system is sequentially connected to the image reconstruction system and the display system, the endoscope
  • An endoscope probe is disposed at the end of the mirror catheter, and the endoscope probe is provided with an optical component and a photoacoustic receiver, wherein the laser light emitted by the laser light source enters the endoscope through the optical path system and the scanning system a mirror catheter, after being focused by the optical component, is incident on
  • the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
  • the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope provided by the present invention simultaneously introduces photoacoustic and fluorescent excitation light into an endoscope catheter, and is focused and focused by a focusing mirror.
  • the integration of the two imaging modes is realized, and the imaging resolution is greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural view of a photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural view of an optical path system in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of an endoscope catheter in the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is another structural view of the endoscope catheter in the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is another structure of the optical path system in the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope shown in FIG.
  • Figure 6 is a structural view of a scanning system in the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 7 is a third structural view of the endoscope catheter in the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope shown in Fig. 1. detailed description
  • Fig. 1 is a structural view showing a photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photoacoustic-fluorescence dual-mode endoscope 10 includes: a control system 11, a laser light source 12, an optical path system 13, an endoscope catheter 14, a scanning system 15, a data acquisition system 16, an image reconstruction system 17, and a display system 18, the control system 11 controlling the laser light source 12, the scanning system 15, the data acquisition system 16, the image reconstruction system 17, and the display system 18, the control system 11 and the The laser light source 12, the scanning system 15, the data acquisition system 16, the image reconstruction system 17, and the display system 18 are connected, respectively.
  • the laser light source 12, the optical path system 13, the scanning system 15, and the endoscope catheter 14 are sequentially connected, the data acquisition system 16 and the optical path system 13 and the The endoscope catheters 14 are connected, and the data acquisition system 16 is sequentially coupled to the image reconstruction system 17 and display system 18.
  • the laser light source 12 emits a laser having a wavelength range of 400-2500 nm
  • the laser light source 12 includes a photoacoustic light source and a fluorescent light source
  • the photoacoustic light source is a pulsed laser source or an amplitude modulated continuous laser source.
  • the fluorescent light source is a photoacoustic light source or a light source capable of exciting fluorescence.
  • the laser light emitted by the laser light source 12 enters the endoscope catheter 14 through the optical path system 13 and the scanning system 15, and an endoscope probe is provided at the end of the endoscope catheter 14 ( 1 is not shown), the endoscope probe is provided with an optical component and a photoacoustic receiver, the optical component focuses the laser and irradiates the biological tissue and excites the photoacoustic signal and the fluorescent signal, and the photoacoustic receiver collects The photoacoustic signal is converted to a photoacoustic electrical signal, and the optical component collects the fluorescent signal and transmits it to the optical path system 13 via a scanning system 15, which converts the fluorescent signal into The fluorescent electrical signal, the data acquisition system 16 receives and stores the photoacoustic electrical signal and the fluorescent electrical signal, and the image reconstruction system 17 receives the optical acoustic electrical signal transmitted by the data acquisition system 16 and The fluorescent electrical signals are converted into photoacoustic image signals and fluorescence, respectively The image signal, the display system 18
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the optical path system 13 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 shown in FIG.
  • the optical path system 13 includes a first dichroic mirror 1301, a second dichroic mirror 1302, a fiber coupler 1303, a fiber splitter 1304, a photodiode 1305, and an opto-slip ring. 1306, the photodiode 1305 and the photo-slip ring 1306 are disposed in parallel and are connected to the fiber splitter 1304.
  • the first dichroic mirror 1301 coaxially directs the photoacoustic light source and the laser light emitted by the fluorescent light source in the laser light source 12 toward the second dichroic mirror 1302, the second The dichroic mirror 1302 transmits the laser light emitted by the laser light source 12 and reflects the excited fluorescent signal, and the fiber coupler 1303 couples the laser light emitted by the laser light source 12 and the reflected excitation fluorescent signal together and splits through the optical fiber.
  • the device 1304 is split into two beams, one of which enters the photodiode 1305 to generate a reference signal, and the other of which b is sequentially emitted to the biological tissue via the photo-slip ring 1306 and the endoscope catheter 14 for imaging.
  • the opto-slip ring 1306 includes a stator and a rotor, the stator is coupled to the fiber splitter 1304, and the rotor is coupled to the endoscope catheter 14.
  • the photoelectric slip ring 1306 is composed of an optical fiber slip ring and an electric slip ring coaxially.
  • the optical path system 13 further includes a filter 1308 and a photodetector 1309.
  • the photodetector 1309 detects the fluorescence transmitted by the second dichroic mirror 1302 through the filter 1308. signal.
  • the photodiode 1305 is coupled to the fiber splitter 1304 for detecting changes in laser energy.
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed structural view of the endoscope catheter 14 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 of FIG.
  • the endoscope catheter 14 includes an optical fiber 141, a cable 142, and a protective cover 143, and the optical fiber 141 and the cable 142 are wrapped in the protective cover 143.
  • the optical fiber 141 is a single mode fiber or a double-clad fiber, and the double-clad fiber is composed of a single-mode core and a multi-mode cladding.
  • the end of the endoscope catheter 14 is provided with an endoscope probe 144, which is composed of an optical focusing component 1440, a probe protection catheter 1441, a packaging material 1443, and an ultrasound detector 1444.
  • the probe protection catheter 1441 includes an optical window and an acoustic window, and the optical focusing component 1440 and the ultrasonic detector 1444 are mounted in the probe protection catheter 1441, and the probe protection catheter 1441 is connected to the protective sleeve 143. .
  • the encapsulating material 1443 is also used to fix the optical fiber 141 and the cable 142 in the probe protection catheter 143.
  • the optical focusing component 1440 is a ball lens connected to the end of the optical fiber 141 for turning the laser light 90 degrees and exiting through the optical window, and the ultrasonic detector 1444 is connected to the cable. 142 ultrasonic transducer.
  • the endoscopic probe 144 further includes an angle adjusting member 1445 disposed in the probe protection catheter 143 for adjusting an angle at which the ultrasonic probe 1444 receives an ultrasonic signal.
  • FIG. 4 is another structural view of the endoscope catheter 14 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 of FIG.
  • the structure of the endoscope catheter 14 is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 3, except that the structure of the endoscope probe 144 is only the same, and the same portions will not be described herein.
  • the endoscopic probe 144 includes a focusing assembly 1440, a probe protection tube 14 41, an ultrasonic probe 1444, an angle adjustment member 1445, a diameter matching conduit 1446, a thin-walled conduit 1447, and a mirror 1448.
  • the focusing component 1440 is a self-focusing lens, one end is connected to the end of the optical fiber 141, and is sleeved at the end of the optical fiber 141 by the diameter matching conduit 1446, and the mirror is placed at the other end. 1448, used to convert the laser light emitted by the focusing component 1440 into 90 degrees.
  • the diameter matching sleeve 1446, the autofocus lens 1440 and the mirror 1448 are placed in the thin-walled conduit 1447, and the thin-walled conduit 1447 is provided at the laser exiting position of the mirror 1448.
  • Optical window used to convert the laser light emitted by the focusing component 1440 into 90 degrees.
  • FIG. 5 is another structural diagram of the optical path system 13 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 of FIG.
  • the optical path system 13 includes a first dichroic mirror 1301 disposed in sequence.
  • the mirror 1310 is optically coupled.
  • the first dichroic mirror 1301 couples the photoacoustic light source in the laser light source 12 and the laser light emitted from the fluorescent light source together and coaxially, and the beam splitter 1310 reflects the laser light to the portion.
  • the photodiode 1311 generates a reference signal
  • the scanning system 15 controls the transmission direction of the laser light transmitted by the beam splitter 1310 and irradiates the laser light to the microscope objective 1317, which focuses and irradiates the laser to the microscope
  • the end surface of the endoscope catheter 14 is irradiated with a laser beam emitted from the endoscope catheter 14 to excite a photoacoustic signal and a fluorescence signal.
  • the photodetector 1309 detects the fluorescent signal transmitted by the second dichroic mirror 1302 through the filter 1308.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of the scanning system 15 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 shown in FIG.
  • the scanning system 15 is composed of two mirrors (a mirror 1501 and a mirror 1502), and the two mirrors (the mirror 1501 and the mirror 1502) are in the same manner as the mirror 1501.
  • the mirrors 1502 are oscillated at a small angle in a plane perpendicular to each other such that the spot focused by the microscope objective 1317 sweeps the end face of the fiber bundle of the endoscope catheter 14.
  • Fig. 7 is a third structural view of the endoscope catheter 14 in the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 of Fig. 1.
  • the endoscope catheter includes a fiber bundle 141, a cable 142, a protective cover 143, a focusing assembly 146, and an ultrasonic probe 147.
  • the ultrasonic probe 147 is a hollow ultrasonic transducer, and the focusing assembly 146 is disposed in a hollow portion of the ultrasonic transducer.
  • the focusing component 146 is a self-focusing lens
  • the fiber bundle 141 is coaxially connected to the focusing component 146
  • the fiber bundle 141 and the focusing component 146 are encapsulated in the protective sleeve 143.
  • the spot emitted by the fiber bundle 141 is focused by the focusing component 146 and then irradiated to the biological tissue to excite the photoacoustic signal and the fluorescent signal
  • the ultrasonic detector 147 detects the photoacoustic signal and converts it into a photoacoustic electrical signal.
  • the fiber bundle 141 collects a fluorescent signal and transmits it to the photodetector 1309 for conversion into a fluorescent electrical signal.
  • the fiber bundle 141 is composed of a plurality of single-mode fibers, and spots irradiated to different positions of the end faces of the fiber bundles 141 are transmitted to the endoscope catheter 14 through different single-mode fibers.
  • the spots emitted by the different single-mode fibers in the fiber bundle 141 are irradiated to different positions of the biological tissue, and the three-dimensional structure and functional information images of the tissue are obtained by photoacoustic scanning, and the two-dimensional molecular fluorescence of the biological tissue is obtained by fluorescence imaging. image.
  • the photoacoustic-fluorescent dual-mode endoscope 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention introduces photoacoustic and fluorescent excitation light into the endoscope catheter 14 at the same time, and focuses the lens through the endoscope probe 144 to illuminate the living body.
  • the tissue, simultaneously exciting the photoacoustic signal and the fluorescent signal, realizes the integration of the two imaging modes, and the imaging resolution is greatly improved.

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Abstract

一种光声-荧光双模内窥镜(10)包括控制***(11)、激光光源(12)、光路***(13)、内窥镜导管(14)、扫描***(15)、数据采集***(16)、图像重建***(17)及显示***(18)。所述控制***(11)控制所述激光光源(12)、所述扫描***(15)、所述数据采集***(16)、所述图像重建***(17)及所述显示***(18)。所述激光***(12)、所述光路***(13)、所述扫描***(15)及所述内窥镜导管(14)依序相连,所述数据采集***(16)与所述光路***(13)及所述内窥镜导管(14)相连。所述数据采集***(16)与所述图像重建***(17)以及显示***(18)依序连接。该双模内窥镜(10)通过同时将光声和荧光激发光导入到内窥镜导管(14),并经过聚焦***聚焦后照射到生物组织,同时激发光声信号与荧光信号,实现了两种成像模式的集成,且成像分辨率大幅提高。

Description

光声-荧光双模内窥镜
技术领域
本发明属于内窥镜技术领域, 尤其涉及一种光声 -荧光双模内窥镜。
背景技术
内窥镜作为一种无创或微创的成像方法, 能够伸入生物体内部体腔, 直接 观察内部器官和组织特征, 被广泛应用于生物医学和临床诊疗等众多领域, 特 别是心脑血管、 消化道以及介入式诊断。
目前, 常用的内窥镜主要有超声类、 光学类两种。 超声内窥镜镜利用反射 超声成像, 能够反应组织的结构信息, 但它存在成像分辨率较低、 软组织对比 度不高、无法反映生理功能变化以及分子信息等局限, 因而不能有效的反应生 物组织的早期病变。 光学内窥镜通过 CCD只能对内部生物组织的表面成像, 无法观察到表皮以下的组织情况, 在一定程度上限制了其疾病诊断能力。
最近出现一些新型光学内窥镜,如近红外荧光内窥镜、光声内窥镜。其中, 近红外内窥镜利用分子靶向探针对生物分子特异性成像,对疾病早期诊断具有 较高灵敏度,但是它不能反应生物组织的形态和结构特性, 同时也不具有深度 方向的分辨率, 因此无法提供信息更丰富的三维成像。而利用光学吸收对比度 的光声内窥成像,特别是光学分辨率光声内窥镜,具有较高的对比度和分辨率, 同时能够对生物组织的形态结构、 化学成分以及生理功能信息进行三维成像, 对早期诊断心血管病和恶性肿瘤等疾病有极其重大的意义和临床价值。
多模态成像方法 多种成像模式相互结合, 弥补单一成像模式的不足, 己经成为一种发展趋势。然而现有的多模态内窥镜技术中的光声成像和荧光成 像分辨率较低,难以有效精细的分辨早期病变,或者虽然能够提高成像分辨率, 但是探头光声成像模块中, 采用透射式的方法接受光声信号, 并不能够实现真 正的内窥成像应用于生物体腔内的检测。
本发明公开一种光声 -荧光多模内窥镜, 针对疾病的早期诊断, 能够获得 较高光学分辨率的组织结构、化学成分和生理功能特征信息的三维图像, 并能 同时得到生物组织的高灵敏度生物特异性分子信息。
发明内容 本发明提供了一种光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 旨在解决现有内窥镜存在图像 分辨率低、 使用场合受限制的技术问题。
本发明提供的技术方案为: 一种光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 包括: 控制***、 激光光源、 光路***、 内窥镜导管、 扫描***、 数据采集***、 图像重建*** 及显示***, 所述控制***控制所述激光光源、所述扫描***、所述数据采集 ***、 所述图像重建***及所述显示***, 所述激光光源、 所述光路***、 所 述扫描***以及所述内窥镜导管依序相连,所述数据采集***与所述光路*** 以及所述内窥镜导管分别相连,且所述数据采集***与所述图像重建***以及 显示***依序连接,所述内窥镜导管末端设有内窥镜探头,所述内窥镜探头中 设有光学组件和光声接收器, 其中, 所述激光光源发射的激光通过所述光路系 统和所述扫描***进入所述内窥镜导管, 经所述光学组件聚焦后,射到生物组 织并激发出光声信号和荧光信号,所述光声接收器收集所述光声信号并将其转 化为光声电信号, 所述光学组件收集所述荧光信号, 并传输至所述光路***, 所述光路***将所述荧光信号转化为荧光电信号,所述数据采集***接收并存 储所述光声电信号和所述荧光电信号,所述图像重建***接收所述数据采集系 统发送的所述光声电信号和所述荧光电信号并将其分别转换为光声图像信号 和荧光图像信号,所述显示***接收所述图像重建***发送的所述光声图像信 号和所述荧光图像信号并进行生物组织的光声图像和荧光图像显示。
本发明的技术方案具有如下优点或有益效果: 本发明所提供的光声 -荧光 双模内窥镜通过同时将光声和荧光激发光导入到内窥镜导管,并经过聚焦透视 镜聚焦后照射到生物组织, 同时激发光声信号与荧光信号, 实现了两种成像模 式的集成, 且成像分辨率大幅提高。
附图说明
图 1为本发明一实施方式中光声-荧光双模内窥镜的结构图;
图 2为图 1所示光声 -荧光双模内窥镜中光路***的结构图;
图 3为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜中内窥镜导管的结构图;
图 4为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜中内窥镜导管的另一种结构图; 图 5为图 1所示光声 -荧光双模内窥镜中光路***的另一种结构图; 图 6为图 1所示光声 -荧光双模内窥镜中扫描***的结构图;
图 7为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜中内窥镜导管的第三种结构图。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图及实 施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅 仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
请参阅图 1, 图 1所示为本发明一实施方式中光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10的 结构图。
在本实施方式中, 光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10包括: 控制*** 11、 激光光 源 12、 光路*** 13、 内窥镜导管 14、 扫描*** 15、 数据采集*** 16、 图像 重建*** 17及显示*** 18, 所述控制*** 11控制所述激光光源 12、 所述扫 描*** 15、 所述数据采集*** 16、 所述图像重建*** 17及所述显示*** 18, 所述控制*** 11和所述激光光源 12、 所述扫描*** 15、 所述数据采集*** 16、 所述图像重建*** 17及所述显示*** 18分别连接。
在本实施方式中, 所述激光光源 12、 所述光路*** 13、 所述扫描*** 15 以及所述内窥镜导管 14依序相连, 所述数据采集*** 16与所述光路*** 13 及所述内窥镜导管 14相连, 且所述数据采集*** 16与所述图像重建*** 17 及显示*** 18依序连接。
在本实施方式中, 所述激光光源 12发射的激光波长范围为 400_2500nm, 所述激光光源 12包括光声光源和荧光光源, 所述光声光源为脉冲激光光源或 幅度调制的连续激光光源, 所述荧光光源为光声光源或能够激发荧光的光源。
在本实施方式中,所述激光光源 12发射的激光通过所述光路*** 13和所 述扫描*** 15进入所述内窥镜导管 14, 所述内窥镜导管 14末端设有内窥镜 探头 (图 1未示), 所述内窥镜探头中设有光学组件和光声接收器, 所述光学 组件将激光聚焦后照射到生物组织并激发出光声信号和荧光信号,所述光声接 收器收集所述光声信号并将其转化为光声电信号,所述光学组件收集所述荧光 信号, 并经扫描*** 15传输至所述光路*** 13, 所述光路*** 13将所述荧 光信号转化为所述荧光电信号, 所述数据采集*** 16接收并存储所述光声电 信号和所述荧光电信号,所述图像重建*** 17接收所述数据采集*** 16发送 的所述光声电信号和所述荧光电信号并将其分别转换为光声图像信号和荧光 图像信号,所述显示*** 18接收所述图像重建*** 17发送的所述光声图像信 号和所述荧光图像信号进行生物组织的光声图像和荧光图像显示。
请参阅图 2,图 2所示为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中光路*** 13 的结构图。
在本实施方式中, 所述光路*** 13包括依序设置的第一二向色镜 1301、 第二二向色镜 1302、 光纤耦合器 1303、 光纤分束器 1304、 光电二极管 1305 及光电滑环 1306, 所述光电二极管 1305和光电滑环 1306并行设置且均和所 述光纤分束器 1304连接。
在本实施方式中,所述第一二向色镜 1301将所述激光光源 12中的光声光 源和荧光光源发射的激光同轴射向所述第二二向色镜 1302, 所述第二二向色 镜 1302透射所述激光光源 12发射的激光和反射激发的荧光信号,所述光纤耦 合器 1303将激光光源 12发射的激光和反射激发的荧光信号耦合在一起并经过 所述光纤分束器 1304分成两束,其中一束 a进入所述光电二极管 1305生成参 考信号,另一束 b依次经由所述光电滑环 1306和所述内窥镜导管 14出射到生 物组织进行成像。
在本实施方式中, 所述光电滑环 1306包括定子和转子, 所述定子与所述 光纤分束器 1304连接, 所述转子与所述内窥镜导管 14相连。
在本实施方式中, 所述光电滑环 1306由光纤滑环和电滑环同轴组成。 在本实施方式中, 所述光路*** 13 还包括滤光片 1308 及光电探测器 1309,所述光电探测器 1309透过所述滤光片 1308探测所述第二二向色镜 1302 透射的荧光信号。
在本实施方式中,所述光电二极管 1305与所述光纤分束器 1304连接,用 于检测激光能量变化。
请参阅图 3, 图 3所示为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中内窥镜导管 14的具体结构图。
在本实施方式中, 所述内窥镜导管 14包括光纤 141、 电缆 142和保护套 143 , 所述光纤 141和所述电缆 142包裹在所述保护套 143内。
在本实施方式中,所述光纤 141为单模光纤或双包层光纤,所述双包层光 纤由一个单模的纤芯和一个多模的包层构成。 在本实施方式中, 所述内窥镜导管 14的末端设有内窥镜探头 144, 所述 内窥镜探头 144由光学聚焦组件 1440、 探头保护导管 1441、 封装材料 1443、 超声探测器 1444构成,所述探头保护导管 1441包含光学窗口和声学窗口,所 述光学聚焦组件 1440和所述超声探测器 1444安装在所述探头保护导管 1441 内, 所述探头保护导管 1441与所述保护套 143相连。
在本实施方式中, 所述封装材料 1443还用于将所述光纤 141和所述电缆 142固定在所述探头保护导管 143内。
在本实施方式中, 所述光学聚焦组件 1440为连接在所述光纤 141末端的 球透镜, 用于将激光转折 90度并经所述光学窗口出射, 所述超声探测器 1444 为连接所述电缆 142的超声换能器。
在本实施方式中, 所述内窥镜探头 144还包括角度调节件 1445, 设置在 所述探头保护导管 143中, 用于调节所述超声探测器 1444接收超声波信号的 角度。
请参阅图 4, 图 4所示为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中内窥镜导管 14的另一种结构图。
在本实施方式中, 内窥镜导管 14的结构与图 3所示的大致相同, 不同之 处仅在于内窥镜探头 144的结构, 对于相同部分, 此处不再赘述。
在本实施方式中, 所述内窥镜探头 144包括聚焦组件 1440、 探头保护管 1441、超声探测器 1444、角度调节件 1445、直径匹配导管 1446、薄壁导管 1447 以及反射镜 1448。
在本实施方式中, 所述聚焦组件 1440为自聚焦透镜, 一端连接于所述光 纤 141的末端, 并利用所述直径匹配导管 1446套在所述光纤 141的末端, 另 一端放置所述反射镜 1448, 用于将所述聚焦组件 1440出射的激光转折 90度。 所述直径匹配套管 1446、 所述自聚焦透镜 1440及所述反射镜 1448放置在所 述薄壁导管 1447内, 所述薄壁导管 1447在所述反射镜 1448的激光出射位置 设有所述光学窗口。
请参阅图 5, 图 5为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中光路*** 13的 另一种结构图。
在本实施方式中, 所述光路*** 13包括依次设置有第一二向色镜 1301、 分光镜 1310、 第二二向色镜 1302及显微物镜 1317, 其中, 所述光路*** 13 还包括光电二极管 1311、滤光片 1308以及光电探测器 1309,所述光电二极管 131 1与所述分光镜 1310光学连接。
在本实施方式中,所述第一二向色镜 1301将所述激光光源 12中的光声光 源和荧光光源发射的激光耦合一起并同轴出射, 所述分光镜 1310将激光反射 一部分到所述光电二极管 1311生成参考信号,所述扫描*** 15控制所述分光 镜 1310透射的激光的传输方向并使激光照射到所述显微物镜 1317, 所述显微 物镜 1317将激光聚焦并照射到所述内窥镜导管 14 的端面, 所述内窥镜导管 14 出射的激光照射到生物组织后激发出光声信号和荧光信号。 所述光电探测 器 1309透过所述滤光片 1308探测所述第二二向色镜 1302透射的荧光信号。
请参阅图 6,图 6所示为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中扫描*** 1 5 的结构图。
在本实施方式中,所述扫描*** 15由两个反射镜(反射镜 1501以及反射 镜 1502 )构成, 所述两个反射镜(反射镜 1501以及反射镜 1502 )在与所述反 射镜 1501以及反射镜 1502相互垂直的平面内小角度摆动,从而使所述显微物 镜 1317聚焦的光斑在所述内窥镜导管 14的光纤束端面扫面。
请参阅图 7, 图 7所示为图 1所示光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10中内窥镜导管 14的第三种结构图。
在本实施方式中,所述内窥镜导管包括光纤束 141、电缆 142、保护套 143、 聚集组件 146以及超声探测器 147。
在本实施方式中,所述超声探测器 147为中空的超声换能器,所述聚焦组 件 146设置于所述超声换能器的中空部。 在本实施方式中, 所述聚焦组件 146 为自聚焦透镜, 所述光纤束 141 与所述聚焦组件 146 同轴连接, 所述光纤束 141和所述聚焦组件 146封装在所述保护套 143内, 其中, 所述光纤束 141出 射的光斑经过所述聚焦组件 146 聚焦后照射到生物组织激发出光声信号和荧 光信号, 所述超声探测器 147探测光声信号并将其转化为光声电信号, 所述光 纤束 141收集荧光信号并传输到所述光电探测器 1309转化为荧光电信号。
在本实施方式中,所述光纤束 141由多根单模光纤组成, 照射到所述光纤 束 141的端面不同位置的光斑经过不同的单模光纤传输到所述内窥镜导管 14。 所述光纤束 141 中不同的单模光纤出射的光斑照射到生物组织的不同位 置, 经过光斑扫面, 光声成像得到组织的三维结构和功能信息图像, 荧光成像 得到生物组织二维的分子荧光图像。
本发明实施方式中所提供的光声-荧光双模内窥镜 10 通过同时将光声和 荧光激发光导入到内窥镜导管 14, 并经过内窥镜探头 144聚焦***聚焦后 照射到生物组织,同时激发光声信号与荧光信号,实现了两种成像模式的集成, 且成像分辨率大幅提高。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而己,并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 包括: 控制***、激光光源、 光路***、 内窥镜导管、扫描***、数据采集***、 图像重建***及显示***, 所述控制***控制所述激光光源、所述扫描***、所述数据采集***、 所述图 像重建***及所述显示***, 所述激光光源、 所述光路***、所述扫描***以 及所述内窥镜导管依序相连,所述数据采集***与所述光路***以及所述内窥 镜导管分别相连,且所述数据采集***与所述图像重建***以及显示***依序 连接, 所述内窥镜导管末端设有内窥镜探头, 所述内窥镜探头中设有光学组件 和光声接收器, 其中, 所述激光光源发射的激光通过所述光路***和所述扫描 ***进入所述内窥镜导管, 经所述光学组件聚焦后, 照射到生物组织并激发出 光声信号和荧光信号,所述光声接收器收集所述光声信号并将其转化为光声电 信号, 所述光学组件收集所述荧光信号, 并传输至所述光路***, 所述光路系 统将所述荧光信号转化为荧光电信号,所述数据采集***接收并存储所述光声 电信号和所述荧光电信号,所述图像重建***接收所述数据采集***发送的所 述光声电信号和所述荧光电信号并将其分别转换为光声图像信号和荧光图像 信号,所述显示***接收所述图像重建***发送的所述光声图像信号和所述荧 光图像信号并进行生物组织的光声图像和荧光图像显示。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述激光光 源发射的激光波长范围为 400~2500nm, 所述激光光源包括光声光源和荧光光 源, 所述光声光源为脉冲激光光源或幅度调制的连续激光光源, 所述荧光光源 为光声光源或能够激发荧光的光源。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述光路系 统包括依序设置的第一二向色镜、 第二二向色镜、 光纤耦合器、 光纤分束器、 光电滑环以及光电二极管,所述光电二极管和光电滑环并行设置且均和所述光 纤分束器连接,所述光声光源和所述荧光光源发射的激光经所述第一二向色镜 同轴出射,所述激光光源发射的激光和反射激发的荧光信号经所述第二二向色 镜透射, 所述光电二极管与所述光纤分束器连接, 用于检测激光能量变化, 所 述光纤耦合器将所述光声光源和所述荧光光源发射的激光耦合在一起并经由 所述光纤分束器分成两束激光,其中一束激光进入所述光电二极管生成参考信 号,另一束激光依次经由所述光电滑环和所述内窥镜导管出射到生物组织进行 成像。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述光路系 统还包括滤光片及光电探测器,所述光电探测器用于探测从所述第二二向镜透 过所述滤光片的荧光信号。
5、 如权利要求 3所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述光电滑 环包括定子和转子, 所述定子与所述光纤分束器连接, 所述转子与所述内窥镜 导管相连。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述内窥镜 导管包括光纤、 电缆和保护套, 所述光纤和所述电缆包裹在所述保护套内, 其 中, 所述光纤为单模光纤或双包层光纤, 所述双包层光纤由一个单模的纤芯和 一个多模的包层构成。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述内窥镜 探头由光学聚焦组件、探头保护导管、 封装材料以及超声探测器构成, 所述探 头保护导管包含光学窗口和声学窗口,所述光学聚焦组件和所述超声探测器安 装在所述探头保护导管内, 所述探头保护导管与所述保护套相连, 所述封装材 料将所述光纤和所述电缆固定在所述探头保护导管内。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述光学聚 焦组件为连接在所述光纤末端的球透镜, 用于将激光转折 90度并经过所述光 学窗口出射, 所述超声探测器为连接所述电缆的超声换能器, 其中, 所述内窥 镜探头中还设有固定在所述探头保护管内用于调节所述超声换能器接收超声 波信号角度的调节件。
9、 如权利要求 6所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述内窥镜 探头包括: 聚焦组件、 角度调节件、 直径匹配导管、 薄壁导管以及反射镜, 所 述聚焦组件为自聚焦透镜, 其一端连接于所述光纤的末端, 并利用所述直径匹 配导管套在所述光纤的末端, 另一端放置所述反射镜, 用于将所述聚焦组件出 射的激光转折 90度, 其中, 所述直径匹配套管、 所述聚焦组件及所述反射镜 放置在薄壁导管内, 所述薄壁导管在所述反射镜的激光出射位置设有光学窗 口。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所光路系 统包括依次设置有第一二向色镜、分光镜、第二二向色镜以及显微物镜,其中, 所述光路***还包括光电二极管、滤光片以及光电探测器, 所述激光光源发射 的激光经所述第一二向色镜同轴出射,所述分光镜将所述激光反射一部分到所 述光电二极管生成参考信号,所述扫描***控制所述分光镜透射的激光的传输 方向并使激光照射到所述显微物镜,所述显微物镜将激光聚焦并照射到所述内 窥镜导管的端面,所述内窥镜导管出射的激光照射到生物组织后激发出光声信 号和荧光信号,所述光电探测器透过所述滤光片探测所述第二二向色镜透射的 荧光信号。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述扫描 ***由两个反射镜构成, 所述两个反射镜在与其相垂直的平面内摆动。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的光声 -荧光双模内窥镜, 其特征在于, 所述内窥 镜导管包括聚集组件、 光纤束、超声探测器及保护套, 所述超声探测器为中空 的超声换能器, 所述聚焦组件放置在所述超声换能器的中空部, 所述聚焦组件 为自聚焦透镜, 所述光纤束与所述聚焦组件同轴连接, 所述光纤束和所述聚焦 组件封装在所述保护套内, 其中, 所述光纤束出射的光斑经过所述聚焦组件聚 焦后照射到生物组织激发出光声信号和荧光信号,所述超声探测器探测光声信 号并将其转化为光声电信号,所述光纤束收集荧光信号并传输到所述光电探测 器转化为荧光电信号。
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