WO2015003443A1 - 一种防逆流光伏并网发电*** - Google Patents
一种防逆流光伏并网发电*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015003443A1 WO2015003443A1 PCT/CN2013/086634 CN2013086634W WO2015003443A1 WO 2015003443 A1 WO2015003443 A1 WO 2015003443A1 CN 2013086634 W CN2013086634 W CN 2013086634W WO 2015003443 A1 WO2015003443 A1 WO 2015003443A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power
- load
- grid
- generation system
- power generation
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting technology, in particular to a backflow prevention photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system.
- the photovoltaic power generation grid-connected system can be divided into two types of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems, namely, reversible flow and non-reversible flow.
- the non-reversible flow system means that the power generation of the photovoltaic grid-connected system is always less than or equal to the power consumption of the load.
- the power is supplied by the grid. That is, the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system and the power grid form a dual power supply to supply power to the load. Even if the residual electric energy is generated for some reason, it can only be handled or abandoned by technical means. Since there is no case where the photovoltaic grid-connected system transmits power to the grid, it is called a non-reversible flow system.
- the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems In order to ensure the safety and stability of the public power grid, most of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems require a no-flow system. In order to ensure that the PV grid-connected power generation system does not have reverse-current reverse power into the public power grid, the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system must have anti-backflow function.
- the direction and magnitude of voltage, current and power of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system are collected and detected by adding an acquisition device, and these data are analyzed by a reverse power relay to determine whether a backflow phenomenon occurs, and then the control signal is output to the control network.
- the AC side performs power regulation to achieve reverse current protection. This protection mode can only issue a control signal for reverse current protection when a backflow phenomenon occurs, and the countercurrent phenomenon cannot be predicted in advance, so that the countercurrent phenomenon cannot be completely avoided.
- embodiments of the present invention provide a backflow prevention photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system, which can predict the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon in advance, thereby completely avoiding the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon.
- An anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system comprising at least one inverter, and an acquisition control unit connected to each of the inverters;
- the acquisition control unit outputs the work of the public power grid to the load according to the real-time acquisition Rate, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load, to determine whether there is a trend of countercurrent phenomenon;
- the acquisition control unit controls the operation of the inverter, and reduces the power output by the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load until the control acquisition unit determines There is no tendency for countercurrent phenomena to occur.
- a preset power unit is disposed in the collection control unit, and the power output by the collection control unit to the load is reduced to a preset power, and the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is
- the acquisition control unit sends a derated output command to at least one inverter in the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system, so that the first inverter is directed to the load
- the output power is reduced by a certain amount until the power of the public grid to the load obtained by the control acquisition unit is increased to above the preset power, and the power of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load is no longer increased.
- the preset power may be determined according to an actual output power of the public grid and the photovoltaic grid.
- the preset power may be set to an arbitrary value between 0 and a maximum power output from the public grid to the load.
- the preset power unit may be integrally disposed in the acquisition control unit.
- the collection control unit has an interface for adjusting the preset power, so that the preset power may be set according to a specific situation.
- the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system includes a plurality of inverters; if the power output by the at least one inverter to the load is reduced to 0, and the acquisition control unit collects the obtained The power output by the public power grid to the load still does not exceed the preset power, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load still increases;
- the acquisition control unit sends a shutdown instruction to the at least one inverter to stop the at least one inverter while at least one of the inverters that are not stopped in the anti-countercurrent photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system
- the transformer sends a derating output command, so that the power output by the at least one inverter of the non-stopped inverter to the load is reduced by a certain amount until the control acquisition unit collects the obtained public grid direction
- the power of the load is increased above the preset power, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load is no longer increased.
- the acquisition control unit is further configured to output to the load on the public power grid.
- the acquisition control unit is further configured to output to the load on the public power grid.
- the inverter is powered on, and the power output by the derated output inverter to the load is increased by a certain amount.
- the acquisition control unit is based on digital signal processing digital signal processing
- the acquisition control unit is connected to each of the inverters through a serial communication interface or an Ethernet port, so that the power output by each inverter to the load is collected in real time, thereby obtaining the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load.
- the acquisition control unit is connected to the low-voltage power distribution side multi-function electric meter of the public power grid through a serial communication interface or an Ethernet port, and the real-time acquisition and acquisition of the power output by the public power grid to the load.
- the collection control unit is connected to each of the inverters by using a communication cable; and the collection control unit is connected to a low-voltage distribution side multi-function meter of the public power grid by using a communication cable.
- the acquisition control unit obtains the power output by the public grid to the load according to real-time acquisition, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load, and determines whether there is a trend of occurrence of a countercurrent phenomenon; and when determining a trend of occurrence of a flow phenomenon, controlling the operation of the inverter, reducing the power output by the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load until the control acquisition
- the unit judges that there is no tendency for the countercurrent phenomenon to occur.
- the acquisition control unit can control the operation of the inverter to prevent the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon before the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon, so that the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon can be predicted in advance, thereby completely avoiding the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid-connected photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system and a public grid grid-connected power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a backflow prevention photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system.
- the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 includes at least one inverter 1 1 and an acquisition control unit 12 connected to each of the inverters 1 1 .
- the acquisition control unit 12 determines whether there is a trend of occurrence of a backflow phenomenon according to the power output from the public power grid 2 to the load 3 obtained by the real-time acquisition and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load 3; When there is a trend of the flow phenomenon, the acquisition control unit 12 controls the operation of the inverter 1 1 to reduce the power output by the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load until the control acquisition The unit judges that there is no tendency for the countercurrent phenomenon to occur.
- the acquisition control unit 12 can separately collect the power output from the public power grid 2 to the load 3 and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load 3. Then, according to the power output from the public grid obtained by the real-time acquisition to the load, and the change of the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load, the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon is predicted in advance, and then the inverter is controlled by Working, reducing the power outputted by the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load, thereby completely avoiding the occurrence of a backflow phenomenon.
- the collection control unit 1 2 may be configured with a preset power unit, when the power output by the public power grid 2 to the load 3 is reduced to a preset power, and the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 is loaded to the load.
- the acquisition control unit 12 can determine the trend of the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon, and the acquisition control unit 12 can be used in the anti-countercurrent photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1
- At least one inverter sends a derated output command, so that the power output by the at least one inverter to the load is reduced by a certain amount until the power output by the acquisition control unit to the utility grid is increased. Up to the preset power, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load is no longer increased, that is, until the control acquisition unit determines that there is no tendency for the reverse flow phenomenon to occur.
- the preset power may be determined according to an actual output power of a public grid and a photovoltaic grid. In theory, the preset power may be set to be greater than 0 to a maximum power output from the public grid to the load. Any value.
- the preset power unit can be set The grounding is disposed in the collection control unit.
- the collection control unit has an interface for adjusting the preset power, so that the preset power can be set according to a specific situation.
- the sum of the power output by the public power grid 2 to the load 3 and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load 3 is the sum of the power consumption of the load on the user side.
- the power output from the public power grid 2 to the load 3 is gradually reduced, and when the power output from the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load 3 is gradually increased, the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 gradually occupies the dominant power supply for the load 3. .
- the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 completely replaces the utility grid 2 to supply the load 3.
- the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 When the power output by the public power grid 2 to the load 3 is reduced to a negative value, it is indicated that the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 not only completely replaces the public power grid 2 to supply power to the load 3, but also generates residual power. A countercurrent phenomenon in which the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 transmits power to the public power grid 2 occurs.
- the acquisition control unit 12 can preset a preset power, and the preset power tends to 0 but greater than 0, and the specific value can be determined according to actual conditions.
- the power output from the public network 2 to the load obtained by the acquisition control unit 12 is reduced to a preset power, and the power of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 is gradually increased, the description is about to occur.
- the acquisition control unit 12 sends a derating output command to at least one inverter in the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system, and outputs the at least one inverter to the load
- the power is reduced by a certain amount, thus suppressing the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load.
- the acquisition control unit 12 also collects the power obtained by the public grid 2 to the load in real time, and the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load.
- the acquisition control unit 12 continues. Sending a derating output command to the at least one inverter in the anti-countercurrent photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to curb the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load until the control acquisition unit 12
- the power outputted by the public grid 2 to the load is increased to above the preset power, and the power of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load is no longer increased, that is, until there is no trend of backflow phenomenon .
- the acquisition control unit 12 may send a derating output command to one inverter in the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1, or may also send multiple inversions to the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1. Even all of the inverters send a derated output command to reduce the power output by the at least one inverter to the load by a certain amount.
- the reduced amount may be carried in the derating output command to be sent to the inverter; or may be preset in the inverter, after the inverter receives the derating output command, The power output by the inverter to the load is reduced by a certain amount.
- the value of the reduced amount may be any value, for example, may be 1 / 3 of the current power generated by the inverter, or may be a fixed value of 100 W, and the like.
- the at least one inverter is one or more inverters in the volt-connected power generation system 1, instead of all the inverters, the at least one inverter is When the power of the load 3 output is reduced to 0, the following may occur: the power output by the acquisition control unit 12 to the utility grid 2 to the load 3 still does not exceed the preset power, and the photovoltaic The power output from the network power generation system 1 to the load 3 is still increasing, that is, there is still a tendency for a reverse flow phenomenon to occur.
- the acquisition control unit 12 may send a shutdown instruction to the at least one inverter, so that the An inverter is stopped, and at least one inverter in the non-stopped inverter in the anti-backflow photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system transmits a derating output command, so that at least one of the non-stopped inverters is reversed
- the power output from the transformer to the load 3 is reduced by a certain amount until the power output from the public network 2 to the load 3 obtained by the control acquisition unit 12 is increased to the preset power On to, and the photovoltaic power generation system 1 to the output power to the load 3 not increase.
- the acquisition control unit 12 may select to send a derated output command to any one or more inverters when it is predicted that a reverse flow phenomenon is to occur, and determine any one or more inverters in the one or more inverters. Whether the countercurrent phenomenon is suppressed after derating the output power, and if not, continues to derate the output of any one or more inverters until the one or more inverters are When the power of the load output is reduced to 0, the backflow phenomenon is still not contained, and the acquisition control unit 12 can send a shutdown instruction to the any one or more inverters to stop the operation, and continue to the defense. Any one or more of the inverters that are not stopped in the counter current photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system transmit a derated output command until the control acquisition unit 12 determines that there is no tendency for a backflow phenomenon to occur.
- the acquisition control unit 12 is also used for the work outputted by the public power grid 2 to the load 3.
- the power-on command is sent to the stopped inverter, and the inverter is output to the derating.
- the device sends an incremental output command to turn on the stopped inverter to increase the power output by the derated output inverter to the load by a certain amount.
- the increased amount may be carried in the incremental output command and sent to the inverter; or may be preset in the inverter.
- the inverter increases the power output by the inverter to the load by a certain amount.
- the increased amount may be any value, for example, the increased amount may be a fixed value of 100 W, and the increased amount may also increase the power output by the inverter to the load to the inverter. The full amount of power output, etc.
- the acquisition control unit 12 may be a hardware platform based on a DSP microprocessor; therefore, the acquisition control unit may be externally connected through a serial communication interface or an Ethernet interface.
- the acquisition control unit 12 can be connected to each of the inverters through a serial communication interface or an Ethernet port, thereby real-time collecting the power output by each inverter to the load, thereby obtaining the photovoltaic and The power output from the grid power system 1 to the load.
- the power output by the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system to the load is the sum of the powers of all the inverters in the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system 1 to the load.
- the acquisition control unit 12 can also be connected to the low-voltage power distribution side multi-function electric meter of the public power grid through a serial communication interface or an Ethernet port, thereby real-time collecting and obtaining the power output by the public power grid to the load.
- the acquisition control unit 12 is connected to each of the inverters 1 1 by using a communication cable; the acquisition control unit 12 and the low-voltage distribution side multi-function electricity meter 21 of the public power grid 2 Communication cables are also used for connection.
- the power load control PLC Power load ing control
- the acquisition device and the transmitter use the analog acquisition cable to collect data, and the control signal cable is used to send the control signal to the control system.
- the acquisition control unit is used in the embodiment of the present invention.
- Data acquisition and power adjustment can be realized by communication cable, the wiring tube is convenient, and the structure is also simple.
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Abstract
一种防逆流光伏并网发电***(1),包括至少一个逆变器(11),以及与每个逆变器都连接的采集控制单元(12)。该采集控制单元根据实时采集获得的公共电网(2)向负载(3)输出的功率,以及该光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率,判断是否有逆流现象发生的趋势。在判断出有逆流现象发生的趋势时,采集控制单元控制逆变器的工作,降低防逆流光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率,直至该控制采集单元判断出没有逆流现象发生的趋势。该***可以***逆流现象的出现,避免出现逆流现象。
Description
一种防逆流光伏并网发电*** 技术领域
本发明涉及光伏发电并网技术, 尤其涉及一种防逆流光伏并网发 电***。
背景技术
为了实现能源和环境的可持续发展, 世界各国均将太阳能光伏发 电作为新能源与可再生能源的发展重点。 目前光伏发电并网***可分 为可逆流与不可逆流两种光伏并网发电***。 不可逆流***是指光伏 并网***的发电量始终小于或等于负载的用电量, 电量不足时由电网 供电, 即光伏并网发电***与电网形成双电源向负载供电。 即使由于 某种原因产生了剩余电能, 也只能通过技术手段加以处理或放弃, 由 于不会出现光伏并网***向电网输电的情况, 称之为不可逆流***。
为确保公共电网的安全稳定, 光伏并网发电***绝大多数要求为 无逆流***。 为了确保光伏并网发电***不会出现逆流倒送电入公共 电网, 光伏并网发电***必须有防逆流功能。
现有技术中通过增加采集设备采集与检测光伏并网发电***的电 压、 电流和功率的方向和大小, 并通过逆功率继电器对这些数据分析 判断是否出现逆流现象, 然后输出控制信号给控制并网交流侧进行功 率调节, 实现逆流保护, 该保护方式只有在发生逆流现象时才能发出 控制信号进行逆流保护, 而不能提前预判逆流现象的出现, 从而不能 完全避免逆流现象的发生。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的技术问题, 本发明的实施例提供一种防 逆流光伏并网发电***, 可以***逆流现象的出现, 从而完全避 免了逆流现象的发生。
本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案:
一种防逆流光伏并网发电***, 包括至少一个逆变器, 以及与每 个所述逆变器都连接的采集控制单元;
所述采集控制单元根据实时采集获得的公共电网向负载输出的功
率, 以及所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率, 判断是否有逆流 现象发生的趋势;
在判断出有流现象发生的趋势时, 所述采集控制单元控制所述逆 变器的工作, 降低所述防逆流光伏并网发电***向所述负载输出的功 率, 直至所述控制采集单元判断出没有逆流现象发生的趋势。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元中设置有预设功率单元, 当所述采集 控制单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载输出的功率减小至预设功 率, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率逐渐增大时, 所述采 集控制单元向所述防逆流光伏并网发电***中的至少一个逆变器发送 降额输出指令, 使所述第一逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的 额度, 直至所述控制采集单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载的功率 增加至所述预设功率以上, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载的功率不 再增大。
可选地, 所述预设功率可以根据公共电网和光伏并网的实际输出 功率来确定, 理论上该预设功率可以设置成大于 0 至公共电网向负载 输出的最大功率之间的任意值。 所述预设功率单元可以集成地设置在 所述采集控制单元中。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元具有调节所述预设功率的接口, 从而 可以根据具体的情况对所述预设功率进行设置。
可选地, 所述防逆流光伏并网发电***包括多个逆变器; 若所述 至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低至 0 ,而所述采集控制单元 采集获得的所述公共电网向负载输出的功率仍然不超过所述预设功 率, 所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率仍然增大时;
所述采集控制单元向所述至少一个逆变器发送停机指令, 使所述 至少一个逆变器停机, 同时向所述防逆流光伏并网发电***中未停机 的逆变器中的至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 使所述未停机的逆 变器中的至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度, 直 至所述控制采集单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载的功率增加至所 述预设功率以上, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率不再增 大。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元还用于在所述公共电网向负载输出的
功率与所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率之和增加时, 向所述 停机的逆变器发送开机指令, 向降额输出的逆变器发送增额输出指令, 使所述停机的逆变器开机, 使所述降额输出的逆变器向所述负载输出 的功率增加一定的额度。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元是基于数字信号处理数字信号处理
( Digital Signal Processing, DSP ) 处理器的硬件平台; 贝' J ,
所述采集控制单元通过串行通信接口或以太网口与每个所述逆变 器进行连接, 从而实时采集每个逆变器向负载输出的功率, 进而获得 所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率;
所述采集控制单元通过串行通信接口或以太网口与所述公共电网 的低压配电侧多功能电表进行连接, 进而实时采集获得所述公共电网 向负载输出的功率。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元与每个所述逆变器之间采用通信电缆 连接; 所述采集控制单元与所述公共电网的低压配电侧多功能电表之 间采用通信电缆连接。
本发明实施例提供的一种防逆流光伏并网发电***, 所述采集控 制单元根据实时采集获得公共电网向负载输出的功率, 以及所述光伏 并网发电***向负载输出的功率, 判断是否有逆流现象发生的趋势; 并在判断出有流现象发生的趋势时, 控制所述逆变器的工作, 降低所 述防逆流光伏并网发电***向所述负载输出的功率, 直至所述控制采 集单元判断出没有逆流现象发生的趋势。 这样所述采集控制单元就可 以在逆流现象发生前, 控制所述逆变器的工作防止逆流现象的发生, 这样就可以***逆流现象的出现, 从而完全避免了逆流现象的发 生。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明实施例中提供的一种防逆流光伏并网发电***与公 共电网并网发电的结构示意图。
附图标号说明
1-防逆流光伏并网发电***, 2-公共电网, 3-负载, 11-逆变器, 12-采集控制单元, 21-多功能电表。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整的 描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全 部的实施例。
本发明实施例提供了一种防逆流光伏并网发电***。 如图 1所示, 所述防逆流光伏并网发电*** 1 包括至少一个逆变器 1 1 , 以及与每个 所述逆变器 1 1都连接的采集控制单元 1 2。
所述采集控制单元 1 2根据实时采集获得的公共电网 2向负载 3输 出的功率, 以及所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率, 判断 是否有逆流现象发生的趋势; 在判断出有流现象发生的趋势时, 所述 采集控制单元 1 2控制所述逆变器 1 1 的工作, 降低所述防逆流光伏并 网发电*** 1 向所述负载输出的功率, 直至所述控制采集单元判断出 没有逆流现象发生的趋势。
所述采集控制单元 1 2可以分别实时采集公共电网 2向负载 3输出 的功率, 以及所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率。 然后, 根据所述实时采集获得的公共电网向负载输出的功率, 以及所述光伏 并网发电***向负载输出的功率的变化, ***出逆流现象的出现, 然后通过控制所述逆变器的工作, 降低所述防逆流光伏并网发电*** 向所述负载输出的功率, 从而完全避免了逆流现象的发生。
可选地, 所述采集控制单元 1 2中可以设置有预设功率单元, 当所 述公共电网 2 向负载 3输出的功率减小至预设功率, 且所述光伏并网 发电*** 1向负载 3输出的功率逐渐增大时, 所述采集控制单元 1 2可 以判断出有逆流现象发生的趋势, 此时所述采集控制单元 1 2就可以向 所述防逆流光伏并网发电*** 1 中的至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指 令, 使所述至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度, 直至所述采集控制单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载输出的功率增 加至所述预设功率以上, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率 不再增大, 即直至所述控制采集单元判断出没有逆流现象发生的趋势。
在本发明实施例中, 所述预设功率可以根据公共电网和光伏并网 的实际输出功率来确定, 理论上该预设功率可以设置成大于 0 至公共 电网向负载输出的最大功率之间的任意值。 所述预设功率单元可以集
成地设置在所述采集控制单元中; 可选地, 所述采集控制单元具有调 节所述预设功率的接口, 从而可以根据具体的情况对所述预设功率进 行设置。
在本发明实施例中, 所述公共电网 2 向所述负载 3输出的功率与 所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率之和就是用户侧的负载 的用电功率之和, 当所述公共电网 2 向所述负载 3输出的功率逐渐减 小, 所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率逐渐增大时, 说明 光伏并网发电*** 1逐渐占据为负载 3供电的主导。 当所述公共电网 2 向所述负载 3输出的功率减小至 0 时, 说明所述光伏并网发电*** 1 完全替代所述公共电网 2为所述负载 3供电。 当所述公共电网 2向所 述负载 3输出的功率减小至负值时, 说明所述光伏并网发电*** 1 不 仅完全替代所述公共电网 2 为所述负载 3供电, 且产生有剩余电能, 出现所述光伏并网发电*** 1向所述公共电网 2输电的逆流现象。
由上述可知, 所述采集控制单元 1 2可以预先设置一个预设功率, 所述预设功率趋向于 0但是大于 0 ,其具体的值可以根据实际情况来确 定。 当所述采集控制单元 1 2采集获得的所述公共电网 2向负载输出的 功率减小至预设功率, 且所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载的功率逐渐 增大时, 说明就要发生逆流现象, 此时, 所述采集控制单元 1 2就会向 防逆流光伏并网发电***中的至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 使 所述至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度, 这样就 遏制了所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向所述负载输出的功率。 同时, 所述 采集控制单元 1 2还实时采集获得公共电网 2向负载输出的功率, 以及 所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载输出的功率。 若所述公共电网 2 向负 载 3输出的功率不超过所述预设功率, 且所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向 负载 3输出的功率仍然增大时, 所述采集控制单元 1 2就会持续向防逆 流光伏并网发电*** 1 中的所述至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 来遏制所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向所述负载输出的功率, 直至所述控 制采集单元 1 2采集获得的所述公共电网 2向负载输出的功率增加至所 述预设功率以上, 且所述光伏并网发电*** 1向负载的功率不再增大, 即直至不再有发生逆流现象的趋势。
在这里需要说明的是, 当所述采集控制单元 1 2预测到将要发生逆
流现象时, 所述采集控制单元 1 2可以向所述光伏并网发电*** 1 中的 一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 也可以向所述光伏并网发电*** 1 中 的多个逆变器甚至是全部逆变器发送降额输出指令, 使所述至少一个 逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度。 这里, 降低的额度可 以携带在所述降额输出指令中发送给逆变器; 也可以预先设置在所述 逆变器中, 所述逆变器接收到所述降额输出指令后, 就会使逆变器向 所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度。 所述降低一定的额度的数值可 以是任意值, 例如可以是该逆变器当前产生的功率的 1 / 3 , 也可以是一 个固定的数值 1 00W等。
可选地, 若所述至少一个逆变器是所述伏并网发电*** 1 中的一 个或多个逆变器, 而不是全部逆变器时, 在所述至少一个逆变器向所 述负载 3输出的功率降低至 0 时, 可能会发生以下情况: 所述采集控 制单元 1 2采集获得的所述公共电网 2向负载 3输出的功率仍然不超过 所述预设功率, 所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率仍然增 大, 即仍然存在发生逆流现象的趋势, 此时, 所述采集控制单元 1 2可 以向所述至少一个逆变器发送停机指令, 使所述第一逆变器停机, 同 时所述防逆流光伏并网发电***中未停机的逆变器中的至少一个逆变 器发送降额输出指令, 使所述未停机的逆变器中的至少一个逆变器向 所述负载 3输出的功率降低一定的额度, 直至所述控制采集单元 1 2采 集获得的所述公共电网 2 向负载 3输出的功率增加至所述预设功率以 上, 且所述光伏并网发电*** 1向负载 3输出的功率不再增大。
综上所述, 所述采集控制单元 1 2在预测到要发生逆流现象时, 可 以选择向任意一个或多个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 并判断在所述任 意一个或多个逆变器降额输出功率后是否遏制了逆流现象的发生, 如 果未遏制, 则继续让所述任意一个或多个逆变器降额输出, 若直至所 述任意一个或多个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率都降低至 0 时, 逆流 现象仍未被遏制, 则所述采集控制单元 1 2可以向所述任意一个或多个 逆变器发送停机指令使其停机, 同时继续向所述防逆流光伏并网发电 ***中未停机的逆变器中的任意一个或多个逆变器发送降额输出指 令, 直至所述控制采集单元 1 2判断出不再有发生逆流现象的趋势。
所述采集控制单元 1 2还用于在所述公共电网 2向负载 3输出的功
率与所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载 3输出的功率之和增加时, 即负 载 3 的用电量增加时, 向所述停机的逆变器发送开机指令, 向降额输 出的逆变器发送增额输出指令, 使所述停机的逆变器开机, 使所述降 额输出的逆变器向所述负载输出的功率增加一定的额度。 其中增加的 额度可以携带在所述增额输出指令中发送给逆变器; 也可以预先设置 在所述逆变器中。 所述逆变器接收到所述增额输出指令后, 就会使逆 变器向所述负载输出的功率增加一定的额度。 所述增加的额度可以是 任意值, 例如增加的额度可以是一个固定的数值 1 00W , 所述增加的额 度也可以使该逆变器向所述负载输出的功率增加至所述逆变器可以输 出的功率的满额等。
这样, 在要发生逆流现象时, 降低所述光伏并网发电***向负载 的功率, 在未发生逆流现象, 且负载的用电量增加时, 增加所述光伏 并网发电***向负载的功率, 可以实现光伏并网发电***的发电量与 负载用电量的智能平衡, 以及光伏并网发电***的自动恢复功能, 使 光伏并网发电***具有最优的使用效率和运行时间。
可选地,在本发明实施例中,所述采集控制单元 1 2可以是基于 DSP 微处理器的硬件平台; 故所述采集控制单元就可以通过串行通信接口 或以太网口对外连接。
因此, 所述采集控制单元 1 2可以通过串行通信接口或以太网口与 每个所述逆变器进行连接, 从而实时采集每个逆变器向负载输出的功 率, 进而获得所述光伏并网发电*** 1 向负载输出的功率。 所述光伏 并网发电***向负载输出的功率就是所述光伏并网发电*** 1 中所有 逆变器向负载的功率之和。
所述采集控制单元 1 2也可以通过串行通信接口或以太网口与所述 公共电网的低压配电侧多功能电表进行连接, 进而实时采集获得所述 公共电网向负载输出的功率。
示例性地, 所述采集控制单元 1 2与每个所述逆变器 1 1之间采用 通信电缆连接; 所述采集控制单元 1 2与所述公共电网 2的低压配电侧 多功能电表 21之间也采用通信电缆连接。
与现有技术中的动力负载控制 PLC ( Power load ing control )需要增
加采集设备和变送器采用模拟量采集电缆采集数据, 采用控制信号电 缆发送控制信号给控制***相比, 本发明实施例中所述采集控制单元
1 2 可以采用通信电缆实现数据采集和功率调节, 接线筒便, 结构也筒 单。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并 不局限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范 围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims
1、 一种防逆流光伏并网发电***, 包括:
至少一个逆变器;
与每个所述逆变器都连接的采集控制单元,
其中所述采集控制单元根据实时采集获得的公共电网向负载输出 的功率, 以及所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率, 判断是否有 逆流现象发生的趋势;
在判断出有流现象发生的趋势时, 所述采集控制单元控制所述逆 变器的工作, 降低所述防逆流光伏并网发电***向所述负载输出的功 率, 直至所述控制采集单元判断出没有逆流现象发生的趋势。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中, 所述 采集控制单元中设置有预设功率单元, 当所述采集控制单元采集获得 的所述公共电网向负载输出的功率减小至预设功率, 且所述光伏并网 发电***向负载输出的功率逐渐增大时, 所述采集控制单元向所述防 逆流光伏并网发电***中的至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 使所 述第一逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度, 直至所述控制 采集单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载的功率增加至所述预设功率 以上, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载的功率不再增大。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中所述预 设功率单元可以集成地设置在所述采集控制单元中。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中所述采 集控制单元具有调节所述预设功率的接口, 从而可以根据具体的情况 对所述预设功率进行设置。
5、 根据权利要求 2所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 包括多个逆 变器;
其中若所述至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低至 0 ,而所 述采集控制单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载输出的功率仍然不超 过所述预设功率, 所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率仍然增大 时, 所述采集控制单元向所述至少一个逆变器发送停机指令, 使所述 至少一个逆变器停机, 同时向所述防逆流光伏并网发电***中未停机
的逆变器中的至少一个逆变器发送降额输出指令, 使所述未停机的逆 变器中的至少一个逆变器向所述负载输出的功率降低一定的额度, 直 至所述控制采集单元采集获得的所述公共电网向负载的功率增加至所 述预设功率以上, 且所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率不再增 大。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中, 所述 采集控制单元还用于在所述公共电网向负载输出的功率与所述光伏并 网发电***向负载的功率之和增加时, 向所述停机的逆变器发送开机 指令, 向降额输出的逆变器发送增额输出指令, 使所述停机的逆变器 开机, 使所述降额输出的逆变器向所述负载输出的功率增加一定的额 度。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任意一项所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中, 所述采集控制单元是基于数字信号处理 DSP 微处理器的硬件平 台 - 所述采集控制单元通过串行通信接口或以太网口与每个所述逆变 器进行连接, 从而实时采集每个逆变器向负载输出的功率, 进而获得 所述光伏并网发电***向负载输出的功率;
所述采集控制单元通过串行通信接口或以太网口与所述公共电网 的低压配电侧多功能电表进行连接, 进而实时采集获得所述公共电网 向负载输出的功率。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的防逆流光伏并网发电***, 其中, 所述采集控制单元与每个所述逆变器之间采用通信电缆连接; 所述采集控制单元与所述公共电网的低压配电侧多功能电表之间 采用通信电缆连接。
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CN114374230A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-04-19 | 温州电力建设有限公司 | 一种风光储微网的协同优化*** |
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CN116896114B (zh) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳市首航新能源股份有限公司 | 基于并网***的控制方法与并网*** |
CN116979527A (zh) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-31 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | 微网控制方法、装置、非易失性存储介质及电子设备 |
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