WO2015001391A1 - Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds - Google Patents
Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015001391A1 WO2015001391A1 PCT/IB2013/055484 IB2013055484W WO2015001391A1 WO 2015001391 A1 WO2015001391 A1 WO 2015001391A1 IB 2013055484 W IB2013055484 W IB 2013055484W WO 2015001391 A1 WO2015001391 A1 WO 2015001391A1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 13
- JLYVRXJEQTZZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1c6083 Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=S JLYVRXJEQTZZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 title description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- -1 unsaturated heterocyclic amine Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000006539 C12 alkyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004473 dialkylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SSOBBNSVCWLYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylheptan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCC(CN)CCC SSOBBNSVCWLYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LCEDQNDDFOCWGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CN1CCOCC1 LCEDQNDDFOCWGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diaminophosphinothioylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCNP(N)(N)=S HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- CZAUMIGWDFREBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-diazinan-4-yl)urea Chemical compound CC1CC(NC(N)=O)NC(=O)N1 CZAUMIGWDFREBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WAPWXMDDHHWKNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]triazinan-1-yl]-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN1CCCN(CCCN(C)C)N1CCCN(C)C WAPWXMDDHHWKNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QFHMNFAUXJAINK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropyl]urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(C(C)C)NC(N)=O QFHMNFAUXJAINK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MPOFVZMCKSOGHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diaminophosphinothioylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCNP(N)(N)=S MPOFVZMCKSOGHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GBAXGHVGQJHFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyethylamino)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CNCCO GBAXGHVGQJHFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KYWXRBNOYGGPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-ylethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 KYWXRBNOYGGPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1CCOCCN1CCOCC1 ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004146 Propane-1,2-diol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNXNKTMIVROLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)C HNXNKTMIVROLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DCNHQNGFLVPROM-QXMHVHEDSA-N (z)-n,n-dimethyloctadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN(C)C DCNHQNGFLVPROM-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HHKUQCFQGCCLGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-hydroxyethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CCO)CC(C)O HHKUQCFQGCCLGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YEBLAXBYYVCOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-n,n-dimethylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)N(C)C YEBLAXBYYVCOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ketodiacetal Natural products O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CSGLCWIAEFNDIL-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;urea;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC(N)=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CSGLCWIAEFNDIL-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000448 lactic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DMLHJLWUADABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylnonanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)C DMLHJLWUADABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 claims 1
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- DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1a3526 Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=O DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05C9/005—Post-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
Definitions
- compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds
- This invention essentially relates to compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds and the use of such compositions as additive or coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers.
- Urea itself, however, is a form of nitrogen which is absorbed very little if at all, being hydrolyzed relatively rapidly by the enzyme urease, which is present ubiquitously in the soil, to form ammonia and carbon dioxide. In this process, in certain circumstances, gaseous ammonia is emitted to the atmosphere, and is then no longer available in the soil for the plants, thereby lowering the efficiency of fertilization.
- N-alkylthiophosphoric acid triamides such as N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and N-(n-propyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT) can be used.
- NBPT N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide
- NPPT N-(n-propyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide
- the urease inhibitor may be incorporated in the urea by, for example, dissolving it into the melt prior to urea granulation or prilling. A process of this kind is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,265, for example. A further option is to apply the urease inhibitor to the urea granules or prills, in the form of a solution, for example. Corresponding processes for application, and suitable solvents, are described in US 2010/218575 A1 , for example.
- amines selected from me- thyldiethanolamine, tetrahydroxypropylethylenediamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1 ,6-hexanediamine, N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, and 2,2'-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, are described in US 201 1/0154874 A1.
- the storage life of the urease inhibitor is limited. The higher the temperature, the shorter the storage life. If, for example, urea is stored under tropical conditions, a major part of the urease inhibitor has undergone decomposition, generally, after about four weeks of storage. If the ure- ase inhibitor is introduced into the urea melt, the decomposition is less. For the commercialization of the urea stabilized with the urease inhibitor, however, it is often vital to apply the urease inhibitor to urea and to store the treated fertilizer until the time of its spreading to the soil.
- One of the objects of the present invention was to provide a composition containing (thio)phosphoric acid triamide which
- composition (Q1 ) which comprises:
- X is oxygen or sulfur
- R 1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
- R 2 is H, or R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
- wt.% stands for "percent by weight” based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ),
- R 11 is aryl or alkylaryl
- R 12 is H or alkyl
- R 13 is H or alkyl. Accordingly, a further composition (Q2) was found which comprises:
- X is oxygen or sulfur
- R 1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
- R 2 is H, or
- R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered satu- rated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
- (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 , and
- (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hy- droxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 , and
- (C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
- composition (Q3) which comprises: (A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
- X is oxygen or sulfur
- R 1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
- R 2 is H , or
- R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
- R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 is hydrogen or alkyl
- R 33 is hydrogen or alkyl, or
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- a process for treating the soil comprising applying the compositions of the invention into the soil in-furrow and/or as side dress and/or as broadcast was found.
- compositions of the invention as additive or coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers has been found.
- At least one is to be understood as 1 , 2, 3 or more.
- a mixture comprising at least one amine refers for example to a mixture comprising 1 , 2, 3 or more amines.
- soil is to be understood as a natural body comprised of living (e.g. microorganisms (such as bacteria and fungi), animals and plants) and non-living matter (e.g. minerals and organic matter (e.g. organic compounds in varying degrees of decomposition), liquid, and gases) that occurs on the land surface, and is characterized by soil horizons that are distinguishable from the initial material as a result of various physical, chemical, biological, and anthropogenic processes. From an agricultural point of view, soils are predominantly regarded as the anchor and primary nutrient base for plants (plant habitat).
- fertilizer is to be understood as chemical compounds applied to promote plant and fruit growth.
- Fertilizers are typically applied either through the soil (for uptake by plant roots) or by foliar feeding (for uptake through leaves).
- the term "fertilizer” can be subdivided into two major categories: a) organic fertilizers (composed of decayed plant/animal matter) and b) inor- ganic fertilizers (composed of chemicals and minerals).
- Organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, sewage, and guano. Green manure crops are also regularly grown to add nutrients (especially nitrogen) to the soil.
- Manufactured organic fertilizers include compost, blood meal, bone meal and seaweed extracts. Further examples are enzymatically digested proteins, fish meal, and feather meal.
- inorganic fertilizers are usually manufactured through chemical processes (such as the Haber-Bosch process), also using naturally occurring deposits, while chemically altering them (e.g. concentrated triple superphosphate).
- Naturally occurring inorganic fertilizers include Chilean sodium nitrate, mine rock phosphate, and limestone.
- Manure is organic matter used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. Depending on its structure, manure can be divided into liquid manure, semi-liquid manure, stable or solid manure and straw manure. Depending on its origin, manure can be divided into manure derived from animals or plants. Common forms of animal manure include feces, urine, farm slurry (liquid manure) or farmyard manure (FYM) whereas FYM also contains a certain amount of plant material (typically straw), which may have been used as bedding for animals. Animals from which manure can be used comprise horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, chickens, turkeys, rabbits, and guano from seabirds and bats.
- plant manure when used as fertilizer highly depends on the origin (type of animals). Plant manures may derive from any kind of plant whereas the plant may also be grown explicitly for the purpose of plowing them in (e.g. leguminous plants), thus improving the structure and fertility of the soil. Furthermore, plant matter used as manure may include the contents of the rumens of slaughtered ruminants, spent hops (left over from brewing beer) or seaweed.
- compositions of the invention are referred to as the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), and (Q3) in the following.
- the composition (Q1) comprises (A) and (B) - latter in an amount of more than 10wt.% based on the total weight of (Q1) - and optionally further components as described below.
- the composition (Q2) comprises (A) and (C) and optionally further components as de- scribed below.
- the composition (Q3) comprises (A) and (D) and optionally further components as described below.
- compositions (Q1), (Q2), and (Q3) comprises - as one of their essential components -
- X is oxygen or sulfur
- R 1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
- R 2 is H, or
- R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- X in the general formula (I) of (A) is preferably sulfur.
- R 1 in the general formula (I) of (A) is preferably Ci-C2o-alkyl, more preferably Ci-Cio-alkyl, most preferably C2-C7 alkyl, for example C3-C4 alkyl.
- alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert- butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl and isodecyl.
- Examples of cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cyclooctyl, examples of aryl groups are phenyl or naph- thyl.
- Examples of heterocyclic radicals R1 R2N- are piperazinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl or imidazolyl groups.
- (A) comprises N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and/or N-n-propylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT), preferably NBPT and NPPT.
- NBPT N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide
- NPPT N-n-propylthiophosphoric acid triamide
- (A) comprises at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides having structures of the general formula (I) and wherein said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides differ in at least one of radicals R 1 or R 2 , and preferably, one of said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides is N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid tri- amide (NBPT), and more preferably, the other of said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides is selected from the group consisting of N-cyclohexyl-, N-pentyl-, N-isobutyl- and N-n- propylphosphoric acid triamide and -thiophosphoric acid triamide.
- NBPT N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid tri- amide
- mixtures (A) which comprise NBPT in amounts of from 40 to 95 wt.%, most preferably from 60 to 85% wt.%, particularly preferably from 72 to 80 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of (A).
- the mixture (A) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (A) is not more than 85 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 60 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 35 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 27 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (A) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 4 wt.%, most preferably at least 10 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 15 wt.%, particularly at least 20 wt.%, for example at least 23 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the composition (Q1) comprises - as one of its essential compo- nents -
- R 11 is aryl or alkylaryl
- R 12 is H or alkyl
- R 13 is H or alkyl.
- compositions (Q2) and (Q3) can further optionally comprise
- R 11 is aryl or alkylaryl
- R 12 is H or alkyl
- R 13 is H or alkyl.
- the aromatic alcohol (B) is preferably used as solvent in the composition (Q1 ). If present, the aromatic alcohol (B) is preferably used as solvent in the compositions (Q2), or (Q3).
- R 12 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is C1-C40 alkyl, preferably Ci to C20 alkyl, more preferably Ci to C10 alkyl, most preferably Ci to C 5 alkyl.
- R 13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is C1-C40 alkyl, preferably Ci to C20 alkyl, more preferably Ci to C10 alkyl, most preferably Ci to C 5 alkyl.
- R 12 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H.
- R 13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H.
- R 13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H.
- R 11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is aryl.
- R 11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, or pyrrolyl, pyra- zolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl or imidazolyl.
- R 11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is phenyl.
- (B) is benzyl alcohol.
- the aromatic alcohol (B) can be contained in any amounts greater than 10 wt.% in the composition (Q1 ) based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ).
- the amount of (B) is not more than 99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 93 wt.%, most preferably not more than 87 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 80 wt.%, particularly not more than 75 wt.%, for example not more than 70 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1).
- the amount of (B) is at least 13 wt.%, more preferably at least 20 wt.%, most preferably at least 35 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 45 wt.%, particularly at least 55 wt.%, for example at least 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ).
- the amount of (B) is preferably not more than 78 wt.%, more preferably not more than 67 wt.%, most preferably not more than 61 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 56 wt.%, particularly not more than 53 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1).
- the amount of (B) is at least 16 wt.%, more preferably at least 21 wt.%, most preferably at least 26 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 37 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1).
- the aromatic alcohol (B) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q2) or (Q3).
- the amount of (B) is preferably not more than 95 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 80 wt.%, most preferably not more than 70 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 60 wt.%, particularly not more than 55 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2) or (Q3).
- the amount of (B) is preferably at least 6 wt.%, more preferably at least 13 wt.%, most preferably at least 21 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 35 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2), or (Q3).
- composition (Q2) comprises - as one of its essential components - and the compositions (Q1 ) and (Q3) can further comprise - as one of its optional components -
- (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 , and
- (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 , and
- (C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
- the amine(s) (C) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q2).
- the amount of (C) is not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight”), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 48 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 37 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 24 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2).
- the amount of (C) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 14 wt.%, for example at least 18 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2).
- the amine(s) (C) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3).
- the amount of (C) is preferably not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight”), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 48 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 37 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 24 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3).
- the amount of (C) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 14 wt.%, for example at least 18 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3).
- (C) is
- (C1 ) can be any polymeric polyamine, and is preferably a polyalkyleneimine or poly- vinylamine, more preferably a polyalkyleneimine, most preferably a polyethyleneimine, polypro- pyleneimine, or polybutyleneimine, particularly a polyethyleneimine.
- (C1 ) is preferably any polymeric polyamine comprising ethylene- imine (— CH2CH2NH— ) as monomeric units, including homopolymers and any copolymers of ethyleneimine, and is preferably a homopolymer of ethyleneimine.
- Copolymers can be alternating, periodic, statistical or block copolymers.
- (C1 ) can be of any polymer structure, for example a linear polymer, a ring polymer, a cross-linked polymer, a branched polymer, a star polymer, a comb polymer, a brush polymer, a dendronized polymer, or a dendrimer etc.
- (C1 ) is an essentially linear polymer, and is preferably a linear polymer.
- Polyethyleneimines which may be used are polyethyleneimine homopolymers which may be present in uncrosslinked or crosslinked form.
- the polyethyleneimine homopolymers can be prepared by known processes, as described, for example, in Rompps (Chemie Lexikon, 8th edition, 1992, pages 3532-3533), or in Ullmanns Enzyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, 4th edition, 1974, vol. 8, pages 212-213. and the literature stated there. They have a molecular weight in the range from about 200 to 1 000 000 g/mol.
- Corresponding commercial products are for example available under the name Lupasol® from BASF SE.
- the polyethyleneimine (C1) is preferably a poly- ethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of from 0.1 to 0.95 (also referred to as "highly branched polyethyleneimine”), and more preferably a polyethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of from 0.25 to 0.90, more preferably a polyethylenimine having a de- gree of branching in the range of from 0.30 to 0.80, und most preferably a polyethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of 0.50 to 0.80.
- Highly branched polyethyleneimines are characterized by its high degree of branching, which can be determined for example via 13 C-NM spectroscopy, preferably in D2O, and is defined as follows:
- the polymeric polyamine (C1 ) can have different weight average molecular weights.
- the weight average molecular weight of (C1) is preferably at least 200, more preferably at least 400, most preferably at least 550, particularly at least 650, for example at least 750.
- the weight average molecular weight of (C1) is preferably not more than 10,000, more preferably not more than 4,000, most preferably not more than 1 ,900, particularly not more than 1 ,500, for example not more than 1 ,350.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined by standard gel permeation chromatography (GPC) known to the person skilled in the art.
- (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hy- droxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 .
- a number of groups R 21 within (C2) is at least 3, preferably 3 to 5, more preferably 3 to 4, and most preferably 3.
- the number of carbon atoms in each group R 21 within (C2) is 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 2 to 5, particularly preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2 to 3, for example 3, wherein said number of carbon atoms does not include carbon atoms in any alkoxy groups or any other substituents of R 21 .
- the groups R 21 within (C2) are alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted, preferably hydroxy-substituted.
- At least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 , preferably one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 2 .
- - is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three hydroxy-substituted C ⁇ to Ce - or preferably C2 to C 5 - alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 ,
- - is preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 ,
- - is more preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and three hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R 21 which are covalently bound to the amino group, wherein one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 , and
- - is for example an amine selected from the group consisting of Bis(hydroxyethyl)- isopropanolamine (DEIPA), and 1 ,1 '-((2-Hydroxyethyl)imino)dipropan-2-ol.
- DEIPA Bis(hydroxyethyl)- isopropanolamine
- 1 ,1 '-((2-Hydroxyethyl)imino)dipropan-2-ol is for example an amine selected from the group consisting of Bis(hydroxyethyl)- isopropanolamine (DEIPA), and 1 ,1 '-((2-Hydroxyethyl)imino)dipropan-2-ol.
- (C2) is an amine N(R 21 )3 wherein
- R 21 is a an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - pref- erably a C2 to C7, more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein one of the groups R 21 is different to the other group R 21 .
- (C2) is an amine N(R 21 )3 wherein
- R 21 is a an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - pref- erably a C2 to C7, more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein one of the groups R 21 is different to the other group R 21 and wherein at least one of the groups R 21 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom.
- (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 .
- a number of groups R 22 within (C3) is at least 2, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, and most preferably 2 to 3, for example 2.
- the number of carbon atoms in each group R 22 within (C3) is 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 2 to 5, particularly preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2 to 3, for ex- ample 3, wherein said number of carbon atoms does not include carbon atoms in any alkoxy groups or any other substituents of R 22 .
- the groups R 22 within (C3) are alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted, preferably hydroxy-substituted.
- For one amine (C3) among the at least two groups R 22 , at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 , preferably one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 .
- At least one of the groups R 22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom, particularly at a secondary carbon atom.
- - is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two hydroxy-substituted C ⁇ to C7 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the hydroxy substitu- ent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 ,
- - is more preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two hydroxy-substituted C2 to C4 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 ,
- - is most preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and two hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R 22 which are covalently bound to the amino group of the amine (C3), wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group R 22 , - is for example an amine selected from the group consisting of 1-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)- propan-2-ol, and N-Methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-isopropanolamine.
- (C3) is an amine R 24 N(R 22 )2 wherein
- R 24 is H or a Ci to C12- preferably a Ci to C 7 , more preferably a Ci to C3 - alkyl group and R 22 is an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - preferably a C2 to C 7 , more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group R 22 .
- (C) is
- (C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R 23 .
- the number of carbon atoms in each group R 23 within (C4) is 8 to 40, preferably 8 to 32, more preferably 8 to 24, most preferably 8 to 19, particularly preferably 8 to 16.
- the group R 23 within (C4) is saturated or unsaturated, preferably unsaturated.
- (C4) contains at least one alkoxy or hydroxy group, more preferably at least one alkoxy and at least one hydroxy groups, most preferably at least two alkoxy and at least one hydroxyl group, particularly at least four alkoxy and at least one hy- droxyl group.
- (C4) is an amine selected from the group consisting of: ethoxylated (2) cocoalkyl- amine, ethoxylated (5) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (15) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (2) oleylamine, lauryl-dimethylamine, oleyl-dimethylamine, and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (5 EO), 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (10 EO), and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (20 EO).
- heterocyclic amine stands for a heterocyclic compound in which at least one ring atom of the heterocyclic ring is a nitrogen atom.
- the heterocyclic amine (C5) is saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated.
- the heterocyclic amine (C5) contains preferably a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring, most preferably a 6-membered ring.
- the heterocyclic amine (C5) contains at least one, more preferably 1 to 3, most preferably 1 to 2, particularly one oxygen atom(s) as ring atom(s) of the heterocyclic ring.
- the heterocyclic amine (C5) is preferably a morpholine or morpholine derivative, more preferably N-alkyl morpholine, most preferably N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, or N-butyl morpholine, for example N-methyl morpholine.
- the composition (Q3) comprises - as one of its essential components - and the compositions (Q1 ) and (Q2) can further comprise - as one of its optional components -
- R 3 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 is H or alkyl
- R33 is H or alkyl, or
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- the amide(s) (D) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q3).
- the amount of (D) is not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight”), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 30 wt.%, particularly not more than 22 wt.%, for example not more than 16 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q3).
- the amount of (D) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 12 wt.%, for example at least 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q3).
- the amide (D) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2).
- the amount of (D) is preferably not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight”), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 30 wt.%, particularly not more than 22 wt.%, for example not more than 16 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2).
- the amount of (D) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 12 wt.%, for example at least 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2).
- (III) of (D) 32 is H or alkyl, preferably H or Ci to C40 alkyl, more prefera- bly H or Ci to C20 alkyl, most preferably H or Ci to C10 alkyl, particularly preferably H or Ci to C4 alkyl, most particularly preferably Ci to C 4 alkyl, particularly Ci to C 2 alkyl, for example methyl.
- R 33 is H or alkyl, preferably H or Ci to C40 alkyl, more preferably H or Ci to C20 alkyl, most preferably H or Ci to C10 alkyl, particularly preferably H or Ci to C 4 alkyl, most particularly preferably Ci to C 4 alkyl, particularly Ci to C 2 alkyl, for example methyl.
- R 32 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 33 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 32 is Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 33 is Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 33 is Ci to C2 alkyl.
- R 31 CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably, R 31 CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and R 32 is alkyl, and R 33 is alkyl, and most preferably, R 31 CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 32 is Ci to C 4 alkyl, and R 33 is Ci to C 4 alkyl.
- the amide (D) is a ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, or their mixtures, preferably a ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, or their mixtures, most preferably a ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, particularly a lactic acid N,N-dimethylamide.
- R 3 CO in the general formula (III) of (D) R 3 CO is an acyl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably, R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 31 CO in the general formula (III) of (D) R 31 CO does not contain a hydroxy group, and more preferably, R 31 CO does not contain a hydroxy group and is an acyl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and most preferably, R 31 CO does not contain a hydroxy group and is an acyl radical having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the amide (D) is selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctanamide, N,N-dimethylnonanamide, and N,N-dimethyldecanamide.
- R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably, R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and more preferably, R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises one further heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, most preferably R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further oxygen heteroatom, particularly R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a mor- pholinyl radical.
- the amide (D) is N-acetylmorpholine or N-formylmorpholine.
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and more preferably, R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises one further nitrogen heteroatoms, most preferably R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further nitrogen heteroatom which is covalently bound to the carbon atom of the car- bonyl group of R 31 CO, particularly R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a imidazolidinonyl radical.
- the amide (D) is 1 ,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (also referred to as dimethylethylenurea).
- R 32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group, more preferably, R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group, most preferably, R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group and R 33 is Ci to C4 alkyl.
- the amide (D) is N-[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]-N-methyl acetamide.
- the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally comprise
- (E) an alcohol comprising at least two hydroxy groups which are not dissociable in the aqueous medium.
- the alcohol (E) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
- “Not dissociable” means that the pK a value (logarithmic measure of the acid dissociation constant) for the reaction alcohol (D) ⁇ deprotonated alcohol (D) + H + of the hydroxy group in the neutral aqueous phase is more than 9.9, more preferably more than 1 1 , most preferably more than 12, particularly preferably more than 13, for example more than 14 as measured in de-ionized water at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.
- propane- 1 ,2-diol alpha-propylene glycol
- the alcohol (E) is preferably used as solvent in the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the alcohol (E) is a diol, triol, tetraol, pentaol, hexaol, heptaol, octaol, nonaol, decaol, or a polyol. More preferably, (E) is a diol, triol, tetraol, pentaol, or hexaol. Most preferably, (E) is a diol.
- (E) is ethanediol (ethylene glycol), propanediol (propylene glycol), or butanediol (butylene glycol).
- (E) is propanediol (propylene glycol).
- (E) is propane-1 ,2-diol (alpha-propylene glycol).
- the alcohol (E) is preferably an alcohol having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an alcohol having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably an alcohol having 2 to 1 1 carbon atoms, particularly preferably an alcohol having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, in particular an alcohol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example an alcohol having 3 carbon atoms.
- the alcohol (E) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (E) is preferably not more than 99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 93 wt.%, most preferably not more than 87 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 80 wt.%, particularly not more than 75 wt.%, for ex- ample not more than 70 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (E) is at least 13 wt.%, more preferably at least 20 wt.%, most preferably at least 35 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 45 wt.%, particularly at least 55 wt.%, for example at least 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (E) is preferably not more than 78 wt.%, more preferably not more than 67 wt.%, most preferably not more than 61 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 56 wt.%, particularly not more than 53 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (E) is at least 16 wt.%, more preferably at least 21 wt.%, most preferably at least 26 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 37 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally comprise (F) a nitrogen-containing fertilizer.
- the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
- the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) preferably comprises manure, ammonium sulfate, ammoni- um nitrate, ammonium chloride, cyanamide, dicyandiamide (DCD), calcium nitrate, or urea- containing fertilizer (F1 ), more preferably comprises urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), most preferably comprises urea, for example is urea.
- the urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ) is defined as a fertilizer comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of urea, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), crotonylidene diurea (CDU) and urea formaldehyde (UF), urea-acetaldehyde, and urea- glyoxal condensates.
- the urea has a purity of at least 90%, and may for example be in crystalline, granulated, compacted, prilled or ground form.
- the fertilizer (F) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (F) is preferably not more than 99.99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 99.9 wt.%, most preferably not more than 99.5 wt.%), most particularly preferably not more than 99 wt.%o , particularly not more than 98 wt.%, for example not more than 97 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (F) is preferably at least 96 wt.%, more preferably at least 93 wt.%, most preferably at least 90 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 82 wt.%, particularly at least 70 wt.%, for example at least 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the com- position (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
- compositions (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) - such as stability, storage life, or stability when applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F) such as urea - may depend on the pH of the corresponding composition.
- the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can have any pH value.
- the pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably not more than 14, more preferably not more than 13, most preferably not more than 12, particularly preferably not more than 1 1.6, particularly most preferably not more than 11 .3, particularly not more than 11 , for example not more than 10.7.
- the pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably at least 6, more preferably at least 7, most preferably at least 7.5, particularly prefer- ably at least 8.0, particularly most preferably at least 8.2, particularly at least 8.5, for example at least 8.7.
- the pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably in the range of from 6 to 14, more preferably from 7 to 13, most preferably from 7.5 to 12, particularly preferably from 8 to 1 1.6, particularly most preferably from 8.2 to 11 .3, particularly from 8.5 to 1 1 , for example from 8.7 to 10.7.
- the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain at least one pH adjusting agent (G).
- the pH adjusting agent (G) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
- the pH adjusting agent (G) is a compound which is added to the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) to have its pH value adjusted to the required value.
- the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) contains at least one pH adjusting agent (G).
- Preferred pH adjusting agents are inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, amine bases, alkali hydroxides, ammonium hydroxides, including tetraalkylammonium hydroxides.
- the pH adjusting agent (G) is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide.
- the pH adjusting agent (G) is potassium hydroxide.
- the pH adjusting agent (G) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (G) is preferably not more than 10 wt.%, more preferably not more than 2 wt.%, most preferably not more than 0.5 wt.%, particularly not more than 0.1 wt.%, for example not more than 0.05 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (G) is preferably at least 0.0005 wt.%, more preferably at least 0.005 wt.%, most preferably at least 0.025 wt.%, particularly at least 0.1 wt.%, for example at least 0.4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corre- sponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain the compound (K) selected from the group consisting of (K1) an amine selected from the group consisting of methyldiethanolamine, tetrahydroxypro- pylethylenediamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1 ,6- hexanediamine, N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, and 2,2'- dimorpholinyldiethyl ether,
- (K2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 41 , wherein all groups R 41 within said amine are identical, and
- (K3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 42 , wherein at least one of the groups R 42 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein all groups R 42 with said amine are identical.
- (K2) or (K3) are preferably triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopro- panolamine, diethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, or methyldipropanolamine. If present, the compound (K) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (K) is preferably not more than 40 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight”), more preferably not more than 30 wt.%, most preferably not more than 25 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 20 wt.%, particularly not more than 18 wt.%, for example not more than 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).).
- the amount of (K) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 5 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 8 wt.%, particularly at least 1 1 wt.%, for example at least 14 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
- composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain components (H) which are selected from the group consisting of auxiliaries, solvents, solid carriers, surfactants, adjuvants, thickeners, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers, binders, preservatives, antioxidants, and odorants.
- the component (H) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
- Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.
- Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, al- kylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g.
- mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point e.g. kerosene, diesel oil
- oils of vegetable or animal origin oils of vegetable or animal origin
- aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, al- kylated naphthal
- lactates carbonates, fatty acid esters, gamma- butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emusifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol.1 : Emulsifiers & De- tergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).
- Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof.
- sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates.
- Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of fatty acid esters.
- Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters.
- Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
- alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents.
- Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide.
- N-subsititued fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides.
- esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides.
- sugar- based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or al- kylpolyglucosides.
- polymeric surfactants are home- or copolymers of vinylpyrroli- done, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate.
- Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for example quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines.
- Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines.
- Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide.
- Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines or pol- yethyleneamines.
- Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the compound I on the target.
- examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Further examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.
- Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.
- Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.
- Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerin.
- Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.
- Suitable colorants are pigments of low water solubility and water- soluble dyes. Examples are
- inorganic colorants such as iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate,
- metal-complex dyes such as chromium-complex dyes, for example Orasol Yellow 141 ,
- organic colorants such as alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants.
- Preferred colorants are metal-complex dyes, more preferably chromium-complex dyes, for example Orasol Yellow 141.
- Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.
- Suitable preservatives include e.g. sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- Suitable antioxidants include sulfites, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocotrienol, melatonin, carotene, beta-carotene, ubiquinol, and derivatives thereof. Tocophercol acetate is preferred as antioxidant.
- Suitable odorants include perfume materials which are for example mentioned in US 7 182 537, including allo-ocimene, Allyl cyclohexanepropionate, Allyl heptanoate, trans-Anethole, Benzyl butyrate, Camphene, Cadinene, Carvacrol, cis-3-Hexenyl tiglate, Citronellol, Citronellyl acetate, Citronellyl nitrile, Citronellyl propionate, Cyclohexylethyl acetate, Decyl Aldehyde (Capralde- hyde), Dihydromyrcenol, Dihydromyrcenyl acetate, 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol, Diphenyloxide, Fen- chyl Acetate (1 ,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanyl acetate), Geranyl acetate, Geranyl formate, Gera- nyl n
- compositions (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.
- the component (H) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (H) is preferably not more than 10 wt.%, more preferably not more than 4 wt.%, most preferably not more than 2 wt.%, particularly not more than 1 wt.%, for example not more than 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the amount of (H) is preferably at least 0.0005 wt.%, more preferably at least 0.005 wt.%, most preferably at least 0.025 wt.%, particularly at least 0.1 wt.%, for example at least 0.4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
- the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the aromatic alcohol (B) - in case of (Q2) or (Q3) only as far as (B) is present - is preferably between 50:1 and 1 :50, more preferably between 10:1 and 1 :10, most preferably between 5:1 and 1 :5, particularly preferably between 3:1 and 1 :3, particularly most preferably between 2:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 1 :1 and 1 :2, for example between 1 :1.5 to 1 :1.8.
- the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the amine (C) - in case of (Q1 ) or (Q3) only as far as (C) is present - is preferably between 100:1 and 1 :20, more preferably between 40:1 and 1 :8, most preferably between 30:1 and 1 :6, particularly preferably between 20:1 and 1 :5, particularly most preferably between 10:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 5:1 and 1 :1.2, for example between 2:1 to 1 :1.
- the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the amide (D) - in case of (Q1 ) or (Q2) only as far as (D) is present - is preferably between 50:1 and 1 :50, more preferably between 10:1 and 1 :10, most preferably between 5:1 and 1 :5, particularly preferably between 3:1 and 1 :3, particularly most preferably between 2.5:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 2:1 and 1 :1 , for example between 1.8:1 to 1.2:1.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) were found.
- said process comprises: applying the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) by spraying it onto the soil. More preferably, said process are conducted in a way wherein the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are - either at the same time (i.e. simultaneously) or with a time difference (i.e. separately) - applied together with at least one nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) into the soil in-furrow and/or as side-dress and/or as broadcast.
- the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can be used as additive or as coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F), particularly for urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), for example for urea.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are used as coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F), particularly for urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), for example for urea.
- the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) cam be in crystalline, granulated, compacted, prilled or ground form, and is preferably in granulated from.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can be applied to or on nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F) by either mixing the (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3), in either liquid or solid form, with the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), or incorporating them into (F) by granulation, compacting or prilling, by addition to a corresponding fertilizer mixture or to a mash or melt.
- the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are applied to the surface of existing granules, compacts or prills of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) - particularly of the urea-containing fertilizer (F1) - by means of spraying, powder application or impregnating, for example.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are used in the context of fertilization with nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), particularly with urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ). Application takes place preferably to an agriculturally or horticulturally exploited plot.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) In parallel with the improvement of the utilization of nitrogen in the urea-containing, mineral and organic fertilizers, the use of the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) has the effect that there is an Increase - in some cases considerably - in the yields or production of biomass of crop plants.
- compositions (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) may be added to organic fertilizers, such as liquid manure, for example, during the actual storage of such fertilizers, in order thus to prevent nitrogen nutri- ent losses, by virtue of decelerated conversion of the individual forms of nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen compounds, which are therefore volatile, and in order as a result, at the same time, to contribute to a lowering of the ammonia load in animal stables.
- compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) are incorporated, by melting, for example, into the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), or else are applied to the fertilizer surface or applied separately from the spreading of the fertilizer, in the form, for example, of a (suspension) concentrate, a solution or a formulation.
- ad100 the percent by weight of this component is 100% minus the sum of the weight percentages (in percent by weight) of all other components comprised in the composition
- Coat. coated on urea (all the data in the rows below the "coated row” are experimental data after the composition has been coated on urea)
- DEI Bis(hydroxyethyl)-isopropanolamine (DEI PA)
- dev. deviation, as an indicator for the stability after coated on urea, calculated as difference between the NxPT content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test - both after coated on urea -, indicated as percent
- LFG polyethyleneimine with a weight average molecular weight of 800 g/mol as measured by GPC (dry substance, at pH 4.5)
- LGA polyethyleneimine with a weight average molecular weight of 1300 g/mol as measured by GPC (dry substance, at pH 4.5)
- LPN N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine
- LT technical mixture (with a 84.27% concentration of NxPT based on the total amount of the technical mixture) containing 23.7% NPPT and 76.3% NBPT, based on the total amount of NxPT within the technical mixture
- HCM Mixture of N,N-Dimethyloctanamide (50-65%) and N,N-Dimethyldecanamide (37 -50%)
- MDA Methyldiethanolamine
- NB/c Content (percent by weight) of NBPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
- NP/c Content (percent by weight) of NPPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
- Nx/c Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
- NB/h Content (Percent by weight) of NBPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
- NP/h Content (Percent by weight) of NPPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
- Nx/h Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
- NB/a Content (Percent by weight) of NBPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
- NP/a Content (Percent by weight) of NPPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
- Nx/a Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
- NB/b Percent by weight of NBPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
- NP/b Percent by weight of NPPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
- Nx/b Percent by weight of NxPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
- NxPT Mixture (A) comprising NBPT and NPPT (the content of NxPT is the sum of the content of NBPT and NPPT)
- NyPT Mixture (A) comprising NBPT and/or NPPT
- NMM N-methyl-morpholine
- NMP N-methyl-pyrrolidinone
- PEI polyethyleneimine
- stabi. storage stability of NxPT, calculated as difference between the NxPT content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test, indicated as percent
- TPA tocopherol acetate
- compositions as listed in Table 1 are preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- (C1 ) is a polymeric polyamine
- (C2) is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 21 , wherein at least one of the groups R 21 is different to the other groups R 21 ;
- (C3) is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R 22 , wherein at least one of the groups R 22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R 22 is different to the other group(s) R 22 ;
- (C4) is an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R 23
- (C5) is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
- R 31 CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 33 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl.
- R 31 CO is a is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms which do not contain a hydroxyl group
- R 32 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl
- R 33 is H or Ci to C 4 alkyl.
- R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further oxygen heteroatom.
- (D4) is an amide according to the general formula (III)
- R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further nitrogen heteroa- tom.
- R 31 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group
- R 33 is H or alkyl.
- the advantages of the invention are that the enhancement of the stability of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide(s) - particularly when applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers such as urea - and a relatively long storage life - particularly before being applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers - was achieved with the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3). Moreover, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) do not adversely affect the urease-inhibiting effect and/or activity of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide. Last, but not least, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) can be easily and safely packaged, transported and shipped, even in large quantities, and can be easily and safely handled and applied for soil treatment, even in large quantities
- the technical mixture LT (25% pure NxPT) was mixed with 50.08% benzyl alcohole and 10% LFG,10% DML and 0.25% colo. The mixture was stirred until complete dissolution of the solid and analyzed for NxPT content (by HPLC), viscosity, dissolution (2%) in water and pH.
- the mixture of each example (e.g. Ex.#310092) was stored in closed bottles for 14 days at 54°C (referred to as heat stability test in the following) and then analyzed for the content of NxPT.
- the mixture of each example (e.g. Ex.#310092) was also stored in closed bottles for 14 days at 5°C (referred to as cold stability test in the following) and then analyzed for the content of NxPT.
- the storage stability in % was calculated as difference between the content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test.
- the coated urea sample of 300 g was stored in a petri dish for 4 weeks at 50% humidity in a climate chamber.
- the sample was homogenized and analyzed for the content of NBPT, NPPT, NxPT (by HPLC)
- NxPT measured by HPLC measurement
- Viscosity was measured at the undiluted formulation with a cone-plate rheometer A 2000ex (TA Instruments) at shear rate of 100s "1 and 20°C.
- the pH value was measured at 2% concentration in CIPAC water D. All examples of the inventions are liquid, clear compositions which are either colourless or yellow.
- Table 2 Examples of the compositions of the invention and of comparative compositions, and data on their viscosity, pH value, storage stability and stability after coated on urea Table 2 - part 1 of 1 1
- NMP (at least in amounts as applied in Ex# 310043) is toxicologically objectionable.
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Abstract
An composition comprising: (A)a mixture comprising at least one(thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I): R1R2N–P(X)(NH2)2, wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is a C1 to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, C6 to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R2 is H, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and (C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of (C1) a polymeric polyamine, and (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22, and (C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated C8 to C40 alkyl group R23, and (C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
Description
Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds
Description
Field of the Invention
This invention essentially relates to compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds and the use of such compositions as additive or coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers.
Description of the Prior Art
Worldwide, the predominant and further-increasing amount of the nitrogen used for fertilizing is employed in the form of urea or urea-containing fertilizers. Urea itself, however, is a form of nitrogen which is absorbed very little if at all, being hydrolyzed relatively rapidly by the enzyme urease, which is present ubiquitously in the soil, to form ammonia and carbon dioxide. In this process, in certain circumstances, gaseous ammonia is emitted to the atmosphere, and is then no longer available in the soil for the plants, thereby lowering the efficiency of fertilization.
It is known that the degree of utilization of the nitrogen when using urea-containing fertilizers can be improved by spreading urea-containing fertilizers together with substances which are able to inhibit or decrease the enzymatic cleavage of urea (for a general review, see Kiss, S. Simihaian, M. (2002) Improving Efficiency of Urea Fertilizers by Inhibition of Soil Urease Activity, ISBN 1 -4020-0493-1 , Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands). Among the most potent known urease inhibitors are N-alkylthiophosphoric acid triamides and N- alkylphosphoric acid triamides, which are described in EP 0 119 487, for example.
Additionally, mixtures of N-alkylthiophosphoric acid triamides such as N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and N-(n-propyl)thiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT) can be used. The mixtures and their preparation are described in US 2010/218575 A1 , for example.
These urease inhibitors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,530,714, for example. In order for this class of compound to be able to act as a urease inhibitor, there must first be a conversion to the corresponding oxo form. That form reacts subsequently with the urease, causing its inhibition.
It is advisable to apply the urease inhibitors together with the urea onto or into the soil, since this ensures that the inhibitor comes into contact, together with the fertilizer, with the soil. The urease inhibitor may be incorporated in the urea by, for example, dissolving it into the melt prior to urea granulation or prilling. A process of this kind is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,265, for example. A further option is to apply the urease inhibitor to the urea granules or prills, in the form of a solution, for example.
Corresponding processes for application, and suitable solvents, are described in US 2010/218575 A1 , for example. Other suitable additives, for example amines selected from me- thyldiethanolamine, tetrahydroxypropylethylenediamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1 ,6-hexanediamine, N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, and 2,2'-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, are described in US 201 1/0154874 A1.
The storage life of the urease inhibitor is limited. The higher the temperature, the shorter the storage life. If, for example, urea is stored under tropical conditions, a major part of the urease inhibitor has undergone decomposition, generally, after about four weeks of storage. If the ure- ase inhibitor is introduced into the urea melt, the decomposition is less. For the commercialization of the urea stabilized with the urease inhibitor, however, it is often vital to apply the urease inhibitor to urea and to store the treated fertilizer until the time of its spreading to the soil.
Objects of the invention
One of the objects of the present invention was to provide a composition containing (thio)phosphoric acid triamide which
(i) enhances the stability of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide(s), and/or
(ii) has a relatively long storage life, particularly before being applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and/or
(iii) enhances the stability of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide particularly when applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers such as urea, and/or
(iv) protects the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide applied to or coated on nitrogen- containing fertilizers such as urea from decomposition or loss, and/or
(v) is toxicologically unobjectionable, and/or
(vi) does not adversely affect the urease-inhibiting effect and/or activity of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide, and/or
(vii) can be easily and safely packaged, transported and shipped, even in large quantities,
(viii) can be easily and safely handled and applied for soil treatment, even in large quantities. ary of the invention Accordingly, a composition (Q1 ) was found which comprises:
(A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
R R2N-P(X)(NH2)2 ,
wherein
X is oxygen or sulfur;
R1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
R2 is H, or
R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
and
(B) an aromatic alcohol according to the general formula (II) .
R -C(R12)(R13)-OH ,
in an amount of more than 10 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight") based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ),
wherein
R11 is aryl or alkylaryl;
R12 is H or alkyl;
R13 is H or alkyl. Accordingly, a further composition (Q2) was found which comprises:
(A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
R R2N-P(X)(NH2)2 ,
wherein
X is oxygen or sulfur;
R1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
R2 is H, or
R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered satu- rated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
and
(C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of
(C1 ) a polymeric polyamine, and
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21 , wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21 , and
(C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hy- droxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22, and
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R23, and
(C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
Accordingly, yet a further composition (Q3) was found which comprises:
(A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
R R2N-P(X)(NH2)2 ,
wherein
X is oxygen or sulfur;
R1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
R2 is H , or
R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
and
(D) at least one amide according to the general formula (III)
R31CO-N R32R33
wherein
R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
R32 is hydrogen or alkyl, and
R33 is hydrogen or alkyl, or
R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In addition, a process for treating the soil comprising applying the compositions of the invention into the soil in-furrow and/or as side dress and/or as broadcast was found.
Moreover, the use of the compositions of the invention as additive or coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers has been found.
Preferred embodiments are explained in the claims and the specification. It is understood that combinations of preferred embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
The term "at least one" is to be understood as 1 , 2, 3 or more. A mixture comprising at least one amine refers for example to a mixture comprising 1 , 2, 3 or more amines.
The term "soil" is to be understood as a natural body comprised of living (e.g. microorganisms (such as bacteria and fungi), animals and plants) and non-living matter (e.g. minerals and organic matter (e.g. organic compounds in varying degrees of decomposition), liquid, and gases) that occurs on the land surface, and is characterized by soil horizons that are distinguishable from the initial material as a result of various physical, chemical, biological, and anthropogenic processes. From an agricultural point of view, soils are predominantly regarded as the anchor and primary nutrient base for plants (plant habitat).
The term "fertilizer" is to be understood as chemical compounds applied to promote plant and fruit growth. Fertilizers are typically applied either through the soil (for uptake by plant roots) or by foliar feeding (for uptake through leaves). The term "fertilizer" can be subdivided into two major categories: a) organic fertilizers (composed of decayed plant/animal matter) and b) inor- ganic fertilizers (composed of chemicals and minerals). Organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, sewage, and guano. Green manure crops are also regularly grown to add nutrients (especially nitrogen) to the soil. Manufactured organic fertilizers include compost, blood meal, bone meal and seaweed extracts. Further examples are enzymatically digested proteins, fish meal, and feather meal. The decomposing crop residue from prior years is another source of fertility. In addition, naturally occurring minerals such as mine rock phosphate, sulfate of potash and limestone are also considered inorganic fertilizers. Inorganic fertilizers are usually manufactured through chemical processes (such as the Haber-Bosch process), also using naturally occurring deposits, while chemically altering them (e.g. concentrated triple superphosphate). Naturally occurring inorganic fertilizers include Chilean sodium nitrate, mine rock phosphate, and limestone.
"Manure" is organic matter used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. Depending on its structure, manure can be divided into liquid manure, semi-liquid manure, stable or solid manure and straw manure. Depending on its origin, manure can be divided into manure derived from animals or plants. Common forms of animal manure include feces, urine, farm slurry (liquid manure) or farmyard manure (FYM) whereas FYM also contains a certain amount of plant material (typically straw), which may have been used as bedding for animals. Animals from which manure can be used comprise horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, chickens, turkeys, rabbits, and guano from seabirds and bats. The application rates of animal manure when used as fertilizer highly depends on the origin (type of animals). Plant manures may derive from any kind of plant whereas the plant may also be grown explicitly for the purpose of plowing them in (e.g. leguminous plants), thus improving the structure and fertility of the soil. Furthermore, plant matter used as manure may include the contents of the rumens of slaughtered ruminants, spent hops (left over from brewing beer) or seaweed.
The compositions of the invention are referred to as the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), and (Q3) in the following. The composition (Q1) comprises (A) and (B) - latter in an amount of more than 10wt.% based on the total weight of (Q1) - and optionally further components as described below. The composition (Q2) comprises (A) and (C) and optionally further components as de- scribed below. The composition (Q3) comprises (A) and (D) and optionally further components as described below.
According to the invention, the compositions (Q1), (Q2), and (Q3) comprises - as one of their essential components -
(A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
R 2N-P(X)(NH2)2 ,
wherein
X is oxygen or sulfur;
R1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group;
R2 is H, or
R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
X in the general formula (I) of (A) is preferably sulfur.
R1 in the general formula (I) of (A) is preferably Ci-C2o-alkyl, more preferably Ci-Cio-alkyl, most preferably C2-C7 alkyl, for example C3-C4 alkyl.
Examples of alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert- butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl and isodecyl. Examples of cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cyclooctyl, examples of aryl groups are phenyl or naph- thyl. Examples of heterocyclic radicals R1 R2N- are piperazinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl or imidazolyl groups.
According to one embodiment, (A) comprises N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and/or N-n-propylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT), preferably NBPT and NPPT.
According to another embodiment, (A) comprises at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides having structures of the general formula (I) and wherein said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides differ in at least one of radicals R1 or R2, and preferably, one of said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides is N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid tri- amide (NBPT), and more preferably, the other of said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides is selected from the group consisting of N-cyclohexyl-, N-pentyl-, N-isobutyl- and N-n- propylphosphoric acid triamide and -thiophosphoric acid triamide. Especially preferred are mixtures (A) which comprise NBPT in amounts of from 40 to 95 wt.%, most preferably from 60 to 85% wt.%, particularly preferably from 72 to 80 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of (A).
Generally, the mixture (A) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). Preferably, the amount of (A) is not more than 85 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 60 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 35 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 27 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). Preferably, the amount of (A) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 4 wt.%, most preferably at
least 10 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 15 wt.%, particularly at least 20 wt.%, for example at least 23 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
According to the invention, the composition (Q1) comprises - as one of its essential compo- nents -
(B) an aromatic alcohol according to the general formula (II)
R -C(R12)(R13)-OH ,
in an amount of more than 10 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), wherein
R11 is aryl or alkylaryl;
R12 is H or alkyl;
R13 is H or alkyl.
The compositions (Q2) and (Q3) can further optionally comprise
(B) an aromatic alcohol according to the general formula (II)
R -C(R12)(R13)-OH ,
wherein
R11 is aryl or alkylaryl;
R12 is H or alkyl;
R13 is H or alkyl.
The aromatic alcohol (B) is preferably used as solvent in the composition (Q1 ). If present, the aromatic alcohol (B) is preferably used as solvent in the compositions (Q2), or (Q3). According to one embodiment, R12 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is C1-C40 alkyl, preferably Ci to C20 alkyl, more preferably Ci to C10 alkyl, most preferably Ci to C5 alkyl. According to another embodiment, R13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is C1-C40 alkyl, preferably Ci to C20 alkyl, more preferably Ci to C10 alkyl, most preferably Ci to C5 alkyl. According to another embodiment, R12 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H. According to another embodiment, R13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H. According to another embodiment, R13 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is H.
According to one embodiment, R11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is aryl. According to another embodiment, R11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, or pyrrolyl, pyra- zolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl or imidazolyl. According to another embodiment, R11 in the general formula (I I) of (B) is phenyl.
According to one embodiment, (B) is benzyl alcohol.
Generally, the aromatic alcohol (B) can be contained in any amounts greater than 10 wt.% in the composition (Q1 ) based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ). Preferably, the amount of (B) is not more than 99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more
than 93 wt.%, most preferably not more than 87 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 80 wt.%, particularly not more than 75 wt.%, for example not more than 70 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1). Preferably, the amount of (B) is at least 13 wt.%, more preferably at least 20 wt.%, most preferably at least 35 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 45 wt.%, particularly at least 55 wt.%, for example at least 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ).
According to another embodiment, the amount of (B) is preferably not more than 78 wt.%, more preferably not more than 67 wt.%, most preferably not more than 61 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 56 wt.%, particularly not more than 53 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1). Preferably, the amount of (B) is at least 16 wt.%, more preferably at least 21 wt.%, most preferably at least 26 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 37 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1).
If present, the aromatic alcohol (B) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q2) or (Q3). If present, the amount of (B) is preferably not more than 95 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 80 wt.%, most preferably not more than 70 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 60 wt.%, particularly not more than 55 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2) or (Q3). If present, the amount of (B) is preferably at least 6 wt.%, more preferably at least 13 wt.%, most preferably at least 21 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 35 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2), or (Q3).
According to the invention, the composition (Q2) comprises - as one of its essential components - and the compositions (Q1 ) and (Q3) can further comprise - as one of its optional components -
(C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of
(C1 ) a polymeric polyamine, and
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21 , wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and
(C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22, and
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R23, and
(C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
Generally, the amine(s) (C) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q2). Preferably, the amount of (C) is not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 48 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 37 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 24 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2). Preferably, the amount of (C) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 14 wt.%, for example at least 18 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q2). If present, the amine(s) (C) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3). If present, the amount of (C) is preferably not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 48 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 37 wt.%, particularly not more than 30 wt.%, for example not more than 24 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3). If present, the amount of (C) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 14 wt.%, for example at least 18 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q3).
According to one embodiment, (C) is
(C1 ) a polymeric polyamine.
Generally, (C1 ) can be any polymeric polyamine, and is preferably a polyalkyleneimine or poly- vinylamine, more preferably a polyalkyleneimine, most preferably a polyethyleneimine, polypro- pyleneimine, or polybutyleneimine, particularly a polyethyleneimine.
According to one embodiment, (C1 ) is preferably any polymeric polyamine comprising ethylene- imine (— CH2CH2NH— ) as monomeric units, including homopolymers and any copolymers of ethyleneimine, and is preferably a homopolymer of ethyleneimine. Copolymers can be alternating, periodic, statistical or block copolymers.
Generally, (C1 ) can be of any polymer structure, for example a linear polymer, a ring polymer, a cross-linked polymer, a branched polymer, a star polymer, a comb polymer, a brush polymer, a dendronized polymer, or a dendrimer etc. According to one embodiment, (C1 ) is an essentially linear polymer, and is preferably a linear polymer.
Polyethyleneimines which may be used are polyethyleneimine homopolymers which may be present in uncrosslinked or crosslinked form. The polyethyleneimine homopolymers can be prepared by known processes, as described, for example, in Rompps (Chemie Lexikon, 8th edition, 1992, pages 3532-3533), or in Ullmanns Enzyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, 4th edition, 1974, vol. 8, pages 212-213. and the literature stated there. They have a molecular weight in the range from about 200 to 1 000 000 g/mol. Corresponding commercial products are for example available under the name Lupasol® from BASF SE.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the polyethyleneimine (C1) is preferably a poly- ethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of from 0.1 to 0.95 (also referred to as "highly branched polyethyleneimine"), and more preferably a polyethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of from 0.25 to 0.90, more preferably a polyethylenimine having a de- gree of branching in the range of from 0.30 to 0.80, und most preferably a polyethylenimine having a degree of branching in the range of 0.50 to 0.80.
Highly branched polyethyleneimines are characterized by its high degree of branching, which can be determined for example via 13C-NM spectroscopy, preferably in D2O, and is defined as follows:
Degree of branching = D +T/D+T+L
D (dendritic) equals the percentage of tertiary amino groups, L (linear) equals the percentage of secondary amino groups, and T (terminal) equals the percentage of primary amino groups. Generally, the polymeric polyamine (C1 ) can have different weight average molecular weights. The weight average molecular weight of (C1) is preferably at least 200, more preferably at least 400, most preferably at least 550, particularly at least 650, for example at least 750. The weight average molecular weight of (C1) is preferably not more than 10,000, more preferably not more than 4,000, most preferably not more than 1 ,900, particularly not more than 1 ,500, for example not more than 1 ,350. The weight average molecular weight can be determined by standard gel permeation chromatography (GPC) known to the person skilled in the art.
According to another embodiment, (C) is
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hy- droxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21.
A number of groups R21 within (C2) is at least 3, preferably 3 to 5, more preferably 3 to 4, and most preferably 3.
The number of carbon atoms in each group R21 within (C2) is 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 2 to 5, particularly preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2 to 3, for example 3, wherein said number of carbon atoms does not include carbon atoms in any alkoxy groups or any other substituents of R21.
The groups R21 within (C2) are alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted, preferably hydroxy-substituted.
For one amine (C2), among the at least three groups R21, at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, preferably one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R2 .
Preferably at least one of the groups R21, more preferably at least two of the groups R21, most preferably at least three of the groups R21, particularly all groups R21 is or are covalently bound to the amino group of the amine (C2). According to another preferred embodiment, (C2)
- is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three hydroxy-substituted C∑ to Ce - or preferably C2 to C5 - alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21,
- is preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21,
- is more preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and three hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R21 which are covalently bound to the amino group, wherein one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and
- is for example an amine selected from the group consisting of Bis(hydroxyethyl)- isopropanolamine (DEIPA), and 1 ,1 '-((2-Hydroxyethyl)imino)dipropan-2-ol.
According to another preferred embodiment, (C2) is an amine N(R21)3 wherein
R21 is a an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - pref- erably a C2 to C7, more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein one of the groups R21 is different to the other group R21.
According to another preferred embodiment, (C2) is an amine N(R21)3 wherein
R21 is a an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - pref- erably a C2 to C7, more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein one of the groups R21 is different to the other group R21 and wherein at least one of the groups R21 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom.
According to another embodiment, (C) is
(C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22. A number of groups R22 within (C3) is at least 2, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, and most preferably 2 to 3, for example 2.
The number of carbon atoms in each group R22 within (C3) is 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 2 to 5, particularly preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2 to 3, for ex- ample 3, wherein said number of carbon atoms does not include carbon atoms in any alkoxy groups or any other substituents of R22.
The groups R22 within (C3) are alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted, preferably hydroxy-substituted.
For one amine (C3), among the at least two groups R22, at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22, preferably one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22. Preferably at least one of the groups R22, more preferably at least two of the groups R22, most preferably all groups R22 is or are covalently bound to the amino group of the amine (C3).
Preferably at least one of the groups R22, more preferably one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom, particularly at a secondary carbon atom.
According to another preferred embodiment, (C3)
- is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two hydroxy-substituted C∑ to C7 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the hydroxy substitu- ent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22,
- is more preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two hydroxy-substituted C2 to C4 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22,
- is most preferably an amine containing not more than one amino group and two hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups R22 which are covalently bound to the amino group of the amine (C3), wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein one of the groups R22 is different to the other group R22, - is for example an amine selected from the group consisting of 1-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)- propan-2-ol, and N-Methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-isopropanolamine.
According to another preferred embodiment, (C3) is an amine R24N(R22)2 wherein
R24 is H or a Ci to C12- preferably a Ci to C7, more preferably a Ci to C3 - alkyl group and R22 is an alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted - preferably a hydroxyl-substituted - C2 to C12 - preferably a C2 to C7, more preferably a C2 to C3 - alkyl group and wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the hydroxy substituent at a secondary carbon atom and wherein one of the groups R22 is different to the other group R22. According to another embodiment, (C) is
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R23.
The number of carbon atoms in each group R23 within (C4) is 8 to 40, preferably 8 to 32, more preferably 8 to 24, most preferably 8 to 19, particularly preferably 8 to 16.
The group R23 within (C4) is saturated or unsaturated, preferably unsaturated.
According to another preferred embodiment, (C4) contains at least one alkoxy or hydroxy group, more preferably at least one alkoxy and at least one hydroxy groups, most preferably at least two alkoxy and at least one hydroxyl group, particularly at least four alkoxy and at least one hy- droxyl group.
For example, (C4) is an amine selected from the group consisting of: ethoxylated (2) cocoalkyl- amine, ethoxylated (5) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (15) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (2) oleylamine, lauryl-dimethylamine, oleyl-dimethylamine, and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (5 EO), 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (10 EO), and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (20 EO).
According to another embodiment, (C) is
(C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group. The term "heterocyclic amine" stands for a heterocyclic compound in which at least one ring atom of the heterocyclic ring is a nitrogen atom.
The heterocyclic amine (C5) is saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated. The heterocyclic amine (C5) contains preferably a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring, most preferably a 6-membered ring.
The heterocyclic amine (C5) contains at least one, more preferably 1 to 3, most preferably 1 to 2, particularly one oxygen atom(s) as ring atom(s) of the heterocyclic ring.
The heterocyclic amine (C5) is preferably a morpholine or morpholine derivative, more preferably N-alkyl morpholine, most preferably N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, or N-butyl morpholine, for example N-methyl morpholine. According to the invention, the composition (Q3) comprises - as one of its essential components - and the compositions (Q1 ) and (Q2) can further comprise - as one of its optional components -
(D) at least one amide according to the general formula (III)
31CO-NR32 33
wherein
R3 CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 is H or alkyl, and
R33 is H or alkyl, or
R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
Generally, the amide(s) (D) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q3). Preferably, the amount of (D) is not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 30 wt.%, particularly not more than 22 wt.%, for example not more than 16 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q3). Preferably, the amount of (D) is at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 12 wt.%, for example at least 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q3). If present, the amide (D) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2). If present, the amount of (D) is preferably not more than 90 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 65 wt.%, most preferably not more than 45 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 30 wt.%, particularly not more than 22 wt.%, for example not more than 16 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2). If present, the amount of (D) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 6 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 9 wt.%, particularly at least 12 wt.%, for example at least 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ) or (Q2).
In the general formula (III) of (D) 32 is H or alkyl, preferably H or Ci to C40 alkyl, more prefera- bly H or Ci to C20 alkyl, most preferably H or Ci to C10 alkyl, particularly preferably H or Ci to C4 alkyl, most particularly preferably Ci to C4 alkyl, particularly Ci to C2 alkyl, for example methyl.
In the general formula (III) of (D) R33 is H or alkyl, preferably H or Ci to C40 alkyl, more preferably H or Ci to C20 alkyl, most preferably H or Ci to C10 alkyl, particularly preferably H or Ci to C4 alkyl, most particularly preferably Ci to C4 alkyl, particularly Ci to C2 alkyl, for example methyl.
According to one preferred embodiment, in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl, and R33 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl, more preferably, R32 is Ci to C4 alkyl, and R33 is Ci to C4 alkyl, most preferably, R32 is Ci to C2 alkyl, and R33 is Ci to C2 alkyl.
According to one preferred embodiment (D1 PE), in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably, R31CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and R32 is alkyl, and R33 is alkyl, and most preferably, R31CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and R32 is Ci to C4 alkyl, and R33 is Ci to C4 alkyl.
According to another preferred embodiment, the amide (D) is a Ν,Ν-dialkyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, or their mixtures, preferably a Ν,Ν-dialkyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, or their mixtures, most preferably a Ν,Ν-dimethyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, particularly a lactic acid N,N-dimethylamide.
According to another preferred embodiment (D2PE), in the general formula (III) of (D) R3 CO is an acyl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably, R31CO is an acyl radical having 8 to 10 carbon atoms. According to another preferred embodiment, in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO does not contain a hydroxy group, and more preferably, R31CO does not contain a hydroxy group and is an acyl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and most preferably, R31CO does not contain a hydroxy group and is an acyl radical having 8 to 10 carbon atoms. For example, the amide (D) is selected from the group consisting of Ν ,Ν-dimethyloctanamide, N,N-dimethylnonanamide, and N,N-dimethyldecanamide.
According to another preferred embodiment (D3PE), in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably, R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
According to another preferred embodiment, in the general formula (II I) of (D) R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and more preferably, R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises one further heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, most preferably R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further oxygen heteroatom, particularly R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a mor- pholinyl radical. For example, the amide (D) is N-acetylmorpholine or N-formylmorpholine.
According to another preferred embodiment (D4PE), in the general formula (I II) of (D) R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and more preferably, R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises one further nitrogen heteroatoms, most preferably R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further nitrogen heteroatom which is covalently bound to the carbon atom of the car- bonyl group of R31CO, particularly R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a imidazolidinonyl radical. For example, the amide (D) is 1 ,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (also referred to as dimethylethylenurea).
According to another preferred embodiment (D5PE), in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group, more preferably, R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group, most preferably, R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group and R33 is Ci to C4 alkyl. For example, the amide (D) is N-[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]-N-methyl acetamide.
The composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally comprise
(E) an alcohol comprising at least two hydroxy groups which are not dissociable in the aqueous medium. The alcohol (E) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D). "Not dissociable" means that the pKa value (logarithmic measure of the acid dissociation constant) for the reaction alcohol (D)→ deprotonated alcohol (D) + H+ of the hydroxy group in the neutral aqueous phase is more than 9.9, more preferably more than 1 1 , most preferably more than 12, particularly preferably more than 13, for example more than 14 as measured in de-ionized water at 25°C and atmospheric pressure. For example, propane- 1 ,2-diol (alpha-propylene glycol) has a pKa value of 14.9 as measured in de-ionized water at 25°C and atmospheric pressure.
If present, the alcohol (E) is preferably used as solvent in the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). Preferably, the alcohol (E) is a diol, triol, tetraol, pentaol, hexaol, heptaol, octaol, nonaol, decaol, or a polyol. More preferably, (E) is a diol, triol, tetraol, pentaol, or hexaol. Most preferably, (E) is a diol. Particularly most preferably, (E) is ethanediol (ethylene glycol), propanediol (propylene glycol), or butanediol (butylene glycol). Particularly, (E) is propanediol (propylene glycol). For example, (E) is propane-1 ,2-diol (alpha-propylene glycol).
The alcohol (E) is preferably an alcohol having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an alcohol having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably an alcohol having 2 to 1 1 carbon atoms, particularly preferably an alcohol having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, in particular an alcohol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example an alcohol having 3 carbon atoms.
If present, the alcohol (E) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (E) is preferably not more than 99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 93 wt.%, most preferably not more than 87 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 80 wt.%, particularly not more than 75 wt.%, for ex- ample not more than 70 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (E) is at least 13 wt.%, more preferably at least 20 wt.%, most preferably at least 35 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 45 wt.%, particularly at least 55 wt.%, for example at least 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). According to another embodiment, the amount of (E) is preferably not more than 78 wt.%, more preferably not more than 67 wt.%, most preferably not more than 61 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 56 wt.%, particularly not more than 53 wt.%, for example not more than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3). Preferably, the amount of (E) is at least 16 wt.%, more preferably at least 21 wt.%, most preferably at least 26 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 30 wt.%, particularly at least 37 wt.%, for example at least 40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
The composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally comprise
(F) a nitrogen-containing fertilizer. The nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
The nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) preferably comprises manure, ammonium sulfate, ammoni- um nitrate, ammonium chloride, cyanamide, dicyandiamide (DCD), calcium nitrate, or urea- containing fertilizer (F1 ), more preferably comprises urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), most preferably comprises urea, for example is urea.
The urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ) is defined as a fertilizer comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of urea, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), crotonylidene diurea (CDU) and urea formaldehyde (UF), urea-acetaldehyde, and urea- glyoxal condensates.
In customary commercial fertilizer quality, the urea has a purity of at least 90%, and may for example be in crystalline, granulated, compacted, prilled or ground form.
If present, the fertilizer (F) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (F) is preferably not more than 99.99 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 99.9 wt.%, most preferably not more than 99.5 wt.%), most particularly preferably not more than 99 wt.%o , particularly not more than 98 wt.%, for example not more than 97 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (F) is preferably at least 96 wt.%, more preferably at least 93 wt.%, most preferably at least 90 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 82 wt.%, particularly at least 70 wt.%, for example at least 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the com- position (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
The properties of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) - such as stability, storage life, or stability when applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F) such as urea - may depend on the pH of the corresponding composition. In general, the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can have any pH value. The pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably not more than 14, more preferably not more than 13, most preferably not more than 12, particularly preferably not more than 1 1.6, particularly most preferably not more than 11 .3, particularly not more than 11 , for example not more than 10.7. The pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably at least 6, more preferably at least 7, most preferably at least 7.5, particularly prefer- ably at least 8.0, particularly most preferably at least 8.2, particularly at least 8.5, for example at least 8.7. The pH value of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) is preferably in the range of from 6 to 14, more preferably from 7 to 13, most preferably from 7.5 to 12, particularly preferably from 8 to 1 1.6, particularly most preferably from 8.2 to 11 .3, particularly from 8.5 to 1 1 , for example from 8.7 to 10.7.
The composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain at least one pH adjusting agent (G). The pH adjusting agent (G) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D). In general, the pH adjusting agent (G) is a compound which is added to the composition (Q1 ),
(Q2), or (Q3) to have its pH value adjusted to the required value. Preferably, the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) contains at least one pH adjusting agent (G). Preferred pH adjusting agents are inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, amine bases, alkali hydroxides, ammonium hydroxides, including tetraalkylammonium hydroxides. Particularly, the pH adjusting agent (G) is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide. For example, the pH adjusting agent (G) is potassium hydroxide.
If present, the pH adjusting agent (G) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (G) is preferably not more than 10 wt.%, more preferably not more than 2 wt.%, most preferably not more than 0.5 wt.%, particularly not more than 0.1 wt.%, for example not more than 0.05 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (G) is preferably at least 0.0005 wt.%, more preferably at least 0.005 wt.%, most preferably at least 0.025 wt.%, particularly at least 0.1 wt.%, for example at least 0.4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corre- sponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).
The composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain the compound (K) selected from the group consisting of (K1) an amine selected from the group consisting of methyldiethanolamine, tetrahydroxypro- pylethylenediamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1 ,6- hexanediamine, N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, and 2,2'- dimorpholinyldiethyl ether,
(K2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R41, wherein all groups R41 within said amine are identical, and
(K3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R42, wherein at least one of the groups R42 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein all groups R42 with said amine are identical.
(K2) or (K3) are preferably triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopro- panolamine, diethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, or methyldipropanolamine. If present, the compound (K) can generally be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (K) is preferably not more than 40 wt.% (wt.% stands for "percent by weight"), more preferably not more than 30 wt.%, most preferably not more than 25 wt.%, most particularly preferably not more than 20 wt.%, particularly not more than 18 wt.%, for example not more than 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3).). If present, the amount of (K) is preferably at least 1 wt.%, more preferably at least 3 wt.%, most preferably at least 5 wt.%, most particularly preferably at least 8 wt.%, particularly at least 1 1 wt.%, for example at least 14 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3).
The composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) can further optionally contain components (H) which are selected from the group consisting of auxiliaries, solvents, solid carriers, surfactants, adjuvants, thickeners, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers, binders, preservatives, antioxidants, and odorants. The component (H) is different from the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.
Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, al- kylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acid esters, gamma- butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof. Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emusifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol.1 : Emulsifiers & De- tergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).
Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.
Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-subsititued fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar- based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or al- kylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are home- or copolymers of vinylpyrroli- done, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate.
Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for example quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines or pol- yethyleneamines.
Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the compound I on the target. Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Further examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.
Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates. Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.
Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerin. Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.
Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of low water solubility and water- soluble dyes. Examples are
- inorganic colorants, such as iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate,
- metal-complex dyes such as chromium-complex dyes, for example Orasol Yellow 141 ,
- organic colorants such as alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants.
Preferred colorants are metal-complex dyes, more preferably chromium-complex dyes, for example Orasol Yellow 141.
Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.
Suitable preservatives include e.g. sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, and derivatives thereof.
Suitable antioxidants include sulfites, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocotrienol, melatonin, carotene, beta-carotene, ubiquinol, and derivatives thereof. Tocophercol acetate is preferred as antioxidant. Suitable odorants include perfume materials which are for example mentioned in US 7 182 537, including allo-ocimene, Allyl cyclohexanepropionate, Allyl heptanoate, trans-Anethole, Benzyl butyrate, Camphene, Cadinene, Carvacrol, cis-3-Hexenyl tiglate, Citronellol, Citronellyl acetate, Citronellyl nitrile, Citronellyl propionate, Cyclohexylethyl acetate, Decyl Aldehyde (Capralde- hyde), Dihydromyrcenol, Dihydromyrcenyl acetate, 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol, Diphenyloxide, Fen- chyl Acetate (1 ,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanyl acetate), Geranyl acetate, Geranyl formate, Gera- nyl nitrile, cis-3-Hexenyl isobutyrate, Hexyl Neopentanoate, Hexyl tiglate, alpha-lonone, Ethyl Vanillin L80, Isoeugenol, Methyl cinnamate, Methyl dihydrojasmonate, Methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, Phenoxy ethyl isobutyrate, Vanillin L28, Isobornyl acetate, Isobutyl benzoate, Isononyl acetate, Isononyl alcohol (3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol), Isopulegyl acetate, Lauraldehyde, d- Limonene, Linalyl acetate, (-)-L-Menthyl acetate, Methyl Chavicol (Estragole), Methyl n-nonyl acetaldehyde, methyl octyl acetaldehyde, beta-Myrcene, Neryl acetate, Nonyl acetate, Non- aldehyde, p-Cymene, alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, alpha-Terpinene, gamma-Terpinene, alpha- Terpinyl acetate, Tetrahydrolinalool, Tetrahydromyrcenol, 2-Undecenal, Verdox (o-t- Butylcyclohexyl acetate), Vertenex (4-tert,Butylcyclohexyl acetate). Citronellyl nitrile is preferred as odorant.
According to one embodiment, individual components of the compositions (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.
If present, the component (H) can be contained in varying amounts in the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (H) is preferably not more than 10 wt.%, more preferably not more than 4 wt.%, most preferably not more than 2 wt.%, particularly not more than 1 wt.%, for example not more than 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). If present, the amount of (H) is preferably at least 0.0005 wt.%, more preferably at least 0.005 wt.%, most preferably at least 0.025 wt.%, particularly at least 0.1 wt.%, for example at least 0.4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the corresponding composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3). With respect to the composition (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3), the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the aromatic alcohol (B) - in case of (Q2) or (Q3) only as far as (B) is present - is preferably between 50:1 and 1 :50, more preferably between 10:1 and 1 :10, most preferably between 5:1 and
1 :5, particularly preferably between 3:1 and 1 :3, particularly most preferably between 2:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 1 :1 and 1 :2, for example between 1 :1.5 to 1 :1.8.
With respect to the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3), the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the amine (C) - in case of (Q1 ) or (Q3) only as far as (C) is present - is preferably between 100:1 and 1 :20, more preferably between 40:1 and 1 :8, most preferably between 30:1 and 1 :6, particularly preferably between 20:1 and 1 :5, particularly most preferably between 10:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 5:1 and 1 :1.2, for example between 2:1 to 1 :1. With respect to the composition (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3), the weight ratio of the mixture (A) to the amide (D) - in case of (Q1 ) or (Q2) only as far as (D) is present - is preferably between 50:1 and 1 :50, more preferably between 10:1 and 1 :10, most preferably between 5:1 and 1 :5, particularly preferably between 3:1 and 1 :3, particularly most preferably between 2.5:1 and 1 :2, particularly between 2:1 and 1 :1 , for example between 1.8:1 to 1.2:1.
According to the invention, a process for treating the soil comprising applying the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) into the soil in-furrow and/or as side-dress and/or as broadcast was found.
Preferably, said process comprises: applying the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) by spraying it onto the soil. More preferably, said process are conducted in a way wherein the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are - either at the same time (i.e. simultaneously) or with a time difference (i.e. separately) - applied together with at least one nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) into the soil in-furrow and/or as side-dress and/or as broadcast. According to the invention, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can be used as additive or as coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F), particularly for urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), for example for urea. According to one preferred embodiment, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are used as coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F), particularly for urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ), for example for urea. The nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) cam be in crystalline, granulated, compacted, prilled or ground form, and is preferably in granulated from.
The compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) can be applied to or on nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F) by either mixing the (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3), in either liquid or solid form, with the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), or incorporating them into (F) by granulation, compacting or prilling, by addition to a corresponding fertilizer mixture or to a mash or melt. Preferably, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are applied to the surface of existing granules, compacts or prills of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F) - particularly of the urea-containing fertilizer (F1) - by means of spraying, powder application or impregnating, for example. This can also be done using further auxiliaries such as adhesive promoters or encasing materials. Examples of apparatuses suitable for performing such application include plates, drums, mixers or fluidized-bed apparatus, although application may also take place on conveyor belts or their discharge points or by means of pneumatic conveyors for solids. A concluding treatment with anticaking agents and/or antidust agents is like-
wise possible. The compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) are used in the context of fertilization with nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), particularly with urea-containing fertilizer (F1 ). Application takes place preferably to an agriculturally or horticulturally exploited plot.
In parallel with the improvement of the utilization of nitrogen in the urea-containing, mineral and organic fertilizers, the use of the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), or (Q3) has the effect that there is an Increase - in some cases considerably - in the yields or production of biomass of crop plants.
The compositions (Q1), (Q2), or (Q3) may be added to organic fertilizers, such as liquid manure, for example, during the actual storage of such fertilizers, in order thus to prevent nitrogen nutri- ent losses, by virtue of decelerated conversion of the individual forms of nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen compounds, which are therefore volatile, and in order as a result, at the same time, to contribute to a lowering of the ammonia load in animal stables.
In this context it is immaterial whether the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) are incorporated, by melting, for example, into the nitrogen-containing fertilizer (F), or else are applied to the fertilizer surface or applied separately from the spreading of the fertilizer, in the form, for example, of a (suspension) concentrate, a solution or a formulation.
For the below examples and the below tables, the following abbreviations have been used:
% = percent by weight (wt. %)
ad100 = the percent by weight of this component is 100% minus the sum of the weight percentages (in percent by weight) of all other components comprised in the composition
BDA = Butyldiethanolamine
BZ = benzyl alcohol
(C)i = amine component (C)
(C)ii = additional amine component (C)
Coat. = coated on urea (all the data in the rows below the "coated row" are experimental data after the composition has been coated on urea)
colo. = colorant Orasol Yellow 141
cone. = concentration (e.g. amount) of NxPT in percent by weight based on the total weight of the urea fertilizer on which the composition was coated
Comp. = comparative example
DEI = Bis(hydroxyethyl)-isopropanolamine (DEI PA)
dev. = deviation, as an indicator for the stability after coated on urea, calculated as difference between the NxPT content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test - both after coated on urea -, indicated as percent
DMI = 1 ,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (Dimethylethylenurea)
DML = Dimethyllactamide
E15 = ethoxylated (5) cocoalkylamine
E25 = ethoxylated (15) cocoalkylamine
Ex# = Example no.
F.ex. = formulation example
HBI = 1 -((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)propan-2-ol (Hydroxyethyl-bis-isopropanolamin)
Inv. = Example of the invention
LES = 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (10 EO)
LFG = polyethyleneimine with a weight average molecular weight of 800 g/mol as measured by GPC (dry substance, at pH 4.5)
LGA = polyethyleneimine with a weight average molecular weight of 1300 g/mol as measured by GPC (dry substance, at pH 4.5)
LL = technical mixture (with a 85.20% concentration of NxPT) containing 23.8% NPPT and 76.2% NBPT
LPN = N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine
LT = technical mixture (with a 84.27% concentration of NxPT based on the total amount of the technical mixture) containing 23.7% NPPT and 76.3% NBPT, based on the total amount of NxPT within the technical mixture
HCM = Mixture of N,N-Dimethyloctanamide (50-65%) and N,N-Dimethyldecanamide (37 -50%) MDA = Methyldiethanolamine
MPA = n-Acetyl-morpholine
MPF = n-Formyl-morpholine
NB/c = Content (percent by weight) of NBPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
NP/c = Content (percent by weight) of NPPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
Nx/c = Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C)
NB/h = Content (Percent by weight) of NBPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
NP/h = Content (Percent by weight) of NPPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
Nx/h = Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in heat stability test (2 weeks at 54°C)
NB/a = Content (Percent by weight) of NBPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
NP/a = Content (Percent by weight) of NPPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
Nx/a = Content (Percent by weight) of NxPT in cold stability test (2 weeks at 5°C) after coated on urea
NB/b = Percent by weight of NBPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
NP/b = Percent by weight of NPPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
Nx/b = Percent by weight of NxPT in heat stability test (4 weeks at 40°C and 50% air humidity) after coated on urea
NxPT = Mixture (A) comprising NBPT and NPPT (the content of NxPT is the sum of the content of NBPT and NPPT)
NyPT = Mixture (A) comprising NBPT and/or NPPT
NMM = N-methyl-morpholine
NMP = N-methyl-pyrrolidinone
PEI = polyethyleneimine
PG = propylene glycol
pH = pH value measured at 2% concentration
SEA = is N-[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]-N-methyl acetamide
stabi. = storage stability of NxPT, calculated as difference between the NxPT content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test, indicated as percent
TEA = triethanolamine
TPA = tocopherol acetate
vise. = viscosity in mPas
The following compositions as listed in Table 1 are preferred embodiments of the present invention.
For the preferred embodiments PE1 to PE161 , the following abbreviations are used in addition to the abbreviations listed above:
(C1 ) is a polymeric polyamine;
(C2) is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21;
(C3) is an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy- substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22;
(C4) is an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R23, and (C5) is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
(D1 ) is an amide according to the general formula (III)
R31CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl, and
R33 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl.
(D2) is an amide according to the general formula (III)
R3 CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is a is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms which do not contain a hydroxyl group;
R32 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl, and
R33 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl.
(D3) is an amide according to the general formula (III)
R31CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further oxygen heteroatom.
(D4) is an amide according to the general formula (III)
R31CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5-membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further nitrogen heteroa- tom.
(D5) is an amide according to the general formula (III
R3 CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group, and
R33 is H or alkyl.
Table 1
PE# (A) (B) (C)i (C)ii (D) (E) (K) (H)
1 NyPT >10%BZ
2 NyPT DMI
3 NyPT (D4)
4 NyPT HCM
5 NyPT (D2)
6 NyPT SEA
7 NyPT (D5)
8 NyPT DML
9 NyPT (D1)
10 NyPT MPA
1 1 NyPT MPF
12 NyPT (D3)
13 NyPT LES
14 NyPT (C4)
15 NyPT PEI
16 NyPT (C1 )
17 NyPT NMM
18 NyPT (C5)
19 NyPT LES SEA
20 NyPT (C4) (D5)
21 NyPT PEI SEA
22 NyPT (C1 ) (D5)
23 NyPT SEA TEA
24 NyPT (D5) (K2)
25 NyPT NMM SEA
NyPT (C5) (D5)
NyPT LES DML
NyPT (C4) (D1)
NyPT PEI DML
NyPT (C1 ) (D1)
NyPT DML TEA
NyPT (D1) (K2)
NyPT LES PEI DML
NyPT (C4) (C1) (D1)
NyPT LES NMM DML
NyPT (C4) (C5) (D1)
NyPT LES HCM
NyPT (C4) (D2)
NyPT PEI HCM
NyPT (C1 ) (D2)
NyPT HCM TEA
NyPT (D2) (K2)
NyPT NMM HCM
NyPT (C5) (D2)
NyPT NMM DML
NyPT (C5) (D1)
NyPT LES DML TEA
NyPT (C4) (D1) (K2)
NyPT LES DML BDA
NyPT (C4) (D1) (K3)
NyPT LES DML MDA
NyPT (C4) (D1) (K3)
NyPT PEI LES
NyPT (C1 ) (C4)
NyPT LES PEI HCM
NyPT (C4) (C1) (D2)
NyPT >10%BZ PG
NyPT DMI PG
NyPT (D4) PG
NyPT HCM PG
NyPT (D2) PG
NyPT SEA PG
NyPT (D5) PG
NyPT DML PG
NyPT (D1) PG
NyPT MPA PG
NyPT MPF PG
NyPT (D3) PG
NyPT LES PG
NyPT (C4) PG
NyPT PEI PG
NyPT (C1 ) PG
NyPT NMM PG
NyPT (C5) PG
NyPT LES SEA PG
NyPT (C4) (D5) PG
NyPT PEI SEA PG
NyPT (C1 ) (D5) PG
NyPT SEA PG TEA
NyPT (D5) PG (K2)
NyPT NMM SEA PG
NyPT (C5) (D5) PG
NyPT LES DML PG
NyPT (C4) (D1) PG
NyPT PEI DML PG
NyPT (C1 ) (D1) PG
NyPT DML PG TEA
NyPT (D1) PG (K2)
NyPT LES PEI DML PG
NyPT (C4) (C1) (D1) PG
NyPT LES NMM DML PG
NyPT (C4) (C5) (D1) PG
NyPT LES HCM PG
NyPT (C4) (D2) PG
NyPT PEI HCM PG
NyPT (C1 ) (D2) PG
NyPT HCM PG TEA
NyPT (D2) PG (K2)
NyPT NMM HCM PG
NyPT (C5) (D2) PG
NyPT NMM DML PG
NyPT (C5) (D1) PG
NyPT LES DML PG TEA
NyPT (C4) (D1) PG (K2)
NyPT LES DML PG BDA
NyPT (C4) (D1) PG (K3)
NyPT LES DML PG MDA
NyPT (C4) (D1) PG (K3)
NyPT PEI LES PG
NyPT (C1 ) (C4) PG
NyPT LES PEI HCM PG
NyPT (C4) (C1) (D2) PG
NyPT ≥10%BZ LPN
NyPT >10%BZ (K1 )
NyPT ≥10%BZ DMI
NyPT ≥10%BZ (D4)
NyPT ≥10%BZ HCM
NyPT ≥10%BZ (D2)
NyPT ≥10%BZ SEA
NyPT ≥10%BZ (D5)
NyPT ≥10%BZ DML
NyPT ≥10%BZ (D1)
NyPT ≥10%BZ MPA
NyPT ≥10%BZ MPF
NyPT >10%BZ (D3)
NyPT >10%BZ LES
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4)
NyPT >10%BZ PEI
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C1 )
NyPT >10%BZ NMM
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C5)
NyPT >10%BZ LES SEA
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (D5)
NyPT >10%BZ PEI SEA
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C1 ) (D5)
NyPT >10%BZ SEA TEA
NyPT ≥10%BZ (D5) (K2)
NyPT >10%BZ NMM SEA
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C5) (D5)
NyPT >10%BZ LES DML
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (D1)
NyPT >10%BZ PEI DML
NyPT ≥10%BZ (C1 ) (D1)
NyPT >10%BZ DML TEA
NyPT >10%BZ (D1) (K2)
NyPT ≥10%BZ LES PEI DML
NyPT >10%BZ (C4) (C1) (D1)
NyPT ≥10%BZ LES NMM DML
NyPT >10%BZ (C4) (C5) (D1)
NyPT ≥10%BZ LES HCM
152 NyPT >10%BZ (C4) (D2)
153 NyPT ≥10%BZ PEI HCM
154 NyPT >10%BZ (C1 ) (D2)
155 NyPT ≥10%BZ HCM TEA
156 NyPT >10%BZ (D2) (K2)
157 NyPT ≥10%BZ NMM HCM
158 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C5) (D2)
159 NyPT ≥10%BZ NMM DML
160 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C5) (D1)
161 NyPT ≥10%BZ LES DML TEA
162 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (D1) (K2)
163 NyPT ≥10%BZ LES DML BDA
164 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (D1) (K3)
165 NyPT ≥10%BZ LES DML MDA
166 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (D1) (K3)
167 NyPT >10%BZ PEI LES
168 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C1 ) (C4)
169 NyPT >10%BZ LES PEI HCM
147 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4) (C1 ) (D2)
148 NyPT >10%BZ DEI
149 NyPT ≥10%BZ HBI
150 NyPT >10%BZ (C2)
151 NyPT ≥10%BZ E15
152 NyPT >10%BZ E25
153 NyPT ≥10%BZ (C4)
154 NyPT >10%BZ (C3)
155 NyPT DEI PG
156 NyPT HBI PG
157 NyPT (C2) PG
158 NyPT E15 PG
159 NyPT E25 PG
160 NyPT (C4) PG
161 NyPT (C3) PG
The advantages of the invention are that the enhancement of the stability of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide(s) - particularly when applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers such as urea - and a relatively long storage life - particularly before being applied to or coated on nitrogen-containing fertilizers - was achieved with the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3). Moreover, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) do not adversely affect the urease-inhibiting effect and/or activity of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide. Last, but not least, the compositions (Q1 ), (Q2), (Q3) can be easily and safely packaged, transported and shipped, even in large
quantities, and can be easily and safely handled and applied for soil treatment, even in large quantities
The examples which follow illustrate the invention without restricting it. Preparation of the formulations Preparation of the formulation
According to the ratios and components as specified in Table 2, all components were mixed, and the resulting mixture was stirred until complete dissolution of the solid and analyzed for the content of NBPT, NPPT, NxPT (by HPLC), viscosity, dissolution (2%) in water and pH.
For example, in case of Ex.# 310092, the technical mixture LT (25% pure NxPT) was mixed with 50.08% benzyl alcohole and 10% LFG,10% DML and 0.25% colo. The mixture was stirred until complete dissolution of the solid and analyzed for NxPT content (by HPLC), viscosity, dissolution (2%) in water and pH.
Formulation storage stability
The mixture of each example (e.g. Ex.#310092) was stored in closed bottles for 14 days at 54°C (referred to as heat stability test in the following) and then analyzed for the content of NxPT. The mixture of each example (e.g. Ex.#310092) was also stored in closed bottles for 14 days at 5°C (referred to as cold stability test in the following) and then analyzed for the content of NxPT. The storage stability in % was calculated as difference between the content in the heat stability test and the content in the cold stability test.
Coating of urea
Example 1 .1
500 g granulated urea was charged to a rotating drum (Type Hege 1 1) and 2g of the formulation of each example (e.g. Ex. #310092) was sprayed on the urea using a rotating disc. The homogeneous coated urea was discharged after 1 min and analyzed for the content of NBPT, NPPT, NxPT (by HPLC).
Stability on urea
The coated urea sample of 300 g was stored in a petri dish for 4 weeks at 50% humidity in a climate chamber. For analysis the sample was homogenized and analyzed for the content of NBPT, NPPT, NxPT (by HPLC)
The content of NxPT measured by HPLC measurement is always the sum of the both components NBPT and NBPT.
Viscosity was measured at the undiluted formulation with a cone-plate rheometer A 2000ex (TA Instruments) at shear rate of 100s"1 and 20°C.
The pH value was measured at 2% concentration in CIPAC water D.
All examples of the inventions are liquid, clear compositions which are either colourless or yellow.
Table 2: Examples of the compositions of the invention and of comparative compositions, and data on their viscosity, pH value, storage stability and stability after coated on urea Table 2 - part 1 of 1 1
Ex# 310007 310008 310010 310011 310012 310013 310014 310015
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG ad100 ad 100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100
BZ 20%
(C)i 20%LES
(C)ii
(D) 20% DM I 20%HCM 20%SEA 20%DML 20%MPA 20%MPF other
colo.
vise. 39 37 47 50 49 51 44 100 pH 8.2 8.1 8.4 7.5 8.1 8.2 8.2 9.6
NB/c 18.95% 19.20% 19.08% 18.81 % 18.89% 19.05% 18.68% 19.01 %
NP/c 5.82% 5.92% 5.85% 5.84% 5.75% 5.83% 5.72% 5.82%
Nx/c 24.77% 25.12% 24.93% 24.65% 24.64% 24.88% 24.40% 24.83%
NB/h 18.32% 18.86% 18.63% 18.57% 18.65% 18.68% 18.08% 18.51 %
NP/h 5.77% 5.92% 5.85% 5.91 % 5.81 % 5.84% 5.63% 5.77%
Nx/h 24.09% 24.78% 24.48% 24.48% 24.46% 24.52% 23.71 % 24.28% stabi. 97.25% 98.67% 98.20% 99.29% 99.27% 98.58% 97.14% 97.80%
Coat.
cone.
NB/a
NP/a
Nx/a
NB/b
NP/b
Nx/b
dev.
Table 2 - part 2 of 11
Ex# 310016 310017 310021 310024 310025 310026 310027 310028
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG ad100 ad 100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100
BZ
(C)i 20%LFG 20%LGA 20%NMM 10%LES 10%LFG 10%LGA 10%TEA 10%NMM
(C)ii
(D) 10%SEA 10%SEA 10%SEA 10%SEA 10%SEA other
colo.
vise. 423 598 39 46 167 173 71 46 pH 10.7 10.6 9.4 9.3 10.3 10.2 9.2 9.1
NB/c 18.99% 19.06% 18.93% 18.85% 18.72% 18.71 % 18.84% 18.73%
NP/c 5.83% 5.86% 5.79% 5.97% 5.90% 5.92% 6.13% 6.04%
Nx/c 24.82% 24.92% 24.72% 24.82% 24.62% 24.63% 24.97% 24.77%
NB/h 18.50% 18.25% 18.80% 18.58% 18.59% 18.80% 18.27% 18.73%
NP/h 5.78% 5.70% 6.06% 5.89% 5.87% 5.94% 5.92% 5.96%
Nx/h 24.28% 23.95% 24.86% 24.47% 24.46% 24.74% 24.19% 24.69% stabi. 97.81 % 96.10% 100.54% 98.59% 99.36% 100.45% 96.88% 99.70%
Coat.
cone.
NB/a
NP/a
Nx/a
NB/b
NP/b
Nx/b
dev.
Table 2 - part 3 of 11
Ex# 310029 310031 310032 310034 310035 310036 310037 310039
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG ad100 ad 100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100
BZ
(C)i 10%LES 10%LGA 10%TEA 10%LES 10%LES 10%LES 10%LES 10%LGA
(C)ii 10%LFG 10%LGA 10%NMM
(D) 10%DML 10%DML 10%DML 10%DML 10%DML 10%DML 10%HCM 10%HCM other
colo.
vise. 67 161 71 179 21 1 55 60 167 pH 9.4 10.4 9.3 10.5 10.4 9.4 9.4 10.4
NB/c 18.79% 19.06% 19.03% 18.51 % 18.71 % 18.98% 18.96% 18.84%
NP/c 5.80% 5.90% 5.88% 5.73% 5.76% 6.08% 5.88% 5.83%
Nx/c 24.59% 24.96% 24.91 % 24.24% 24.47% 25.06% 24.84% 24.67%
NB/h 18.87% 18.98% 18.71 % 18.62% 18.74% 18.98% 18.93% 18.79%
NP/h 5.83% 5.86% 5.80% 5.76% 5.79% 6.03% 5.87% 5.82%
Nx/h 24.70% 24.84% 24.51 % 24.38% 24.53% 25.01 % 24.80% 24.61 % stabi. 100.46% 99.52% 98.37% 100.60% 100.22% 99.80% 99.83% 99.73%
Coat.
cone.
NB/a
NP/a
Nx/a
NB/b
NP/b
Nx/b
dev.
Table 2 - part 4 of 11
Ex# 310040 310041 310044 310045 310046 310047 310048 310049
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG ad100 ad 100 ad100 ad100 ad 100 ad100 ad 100 ad100
BZ
(C)i 10%TEA 10%NMM 1 %LFG 3%LFG 10%LFG
(C)ii
(D) 10%HCM 10%HCM 20%HCM 20%SEA 20%DML 20%DML 20%DML 20%DML other
colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 72 46 53 53 51 58 71 144 pH 9.4 9.3 8.8 7.9 8.5 9.6 10.1 10.5
NB/c 18.83% 18.64% 18.48% 18.77% 18.70% 18.61 % 18.62% 18.62%
NP/c 5.78% 6.10% 5.79% 5.90% 5.80% 5.81 % 5.81 % 5.78%
Nx/c 24.61 % 24.74% 24.27% 24.67% 24.50% 24.42% 24.43% 24.40%
NB/h 18.54% 18.78% 18.50% 18.46% 18.67% 18.75% 18.67% 18.67%
NP/h 5.75% 5.95% 5.79% 5.82% 5.78% 5.83% 5.82% 5.80%
Nx/h 24.29% 24.73% 24.29% 24.28% 24.45% 24.58% 24.49% 24.47% stabi. 98.70% 100.00% 100.08% 98.43% 99.80% 100.65% 100.26% 100.30%
Coat.
cone. 0.10% 0.09% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
NB/a 0.057% 0.060% 0.064% 0.063% 0.065% 0.067%
NP/a 0.017% 0.019% 0.020% 0.019% 0.020% 0.021 %
Nx/a 0.074% 0.079% 0.084% 0.082% 0.085% 0.088%
NB/b 0.004% 0.008% 0.010% 0.01 1 % 0.024% 0.054%
NP/b 0.002% 0.003% 0.004% 0.004% 0.008% 0.017%
Nx/b 0.006% 0.01 1 % 0.014% 0.015% 0.032% 0.071 % dev. -91 .89% -86.08% -83.33% -81.71 % -62.35% -19.32%
Table 2 - part 5 of 11
Ex# 310050 310051 310052 310053 310059 310060 310061 310062
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG ad100 ad 100 ad 100 ad100 50.33% 55.33% 50.33% 50.33%
BZ
(C)i 1 %NMM 3%NMM 10%NMM 20%NMM 10%LES 5%LES 5%NMM 5%TEA
(C)ii 5%LES 5%LES
10% 10% 10% 10%
(D) 20%DML 20%DML 20%DML 20%DML DML DML DML DML other
colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 55 51 48 43 73 66 62 76 pH 8.7 8.9 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.2 9.3 9.4
NB/c 19.13% 18.87% 18.59% 20.40% 19.00% 19.10% 19.05% 18.95%
NP/c 5.93% 5.88% 5.86% 6.42% 6.01 % 6.04% 6.04% 5.93%
Nx/c 25.06% 24.75% 24.45% 26.82% 25.01 % 25.14% 25.09% 24.88%
NB/h 19.05% 19.00% 19.26% 21.64% 19.17% 19.10% 19.30% 18.94%
NP/h 5.92% 5.88% 5.93% 6.90% 6.02% 5.99% 6.04% 5.93%
Nx/h 24.97% 24.88% 25.19% 28.54% 25.19% 25.09% 25.34% 24.87% stabi. 99.64% 100.53% 103.05% 106.40% 100.74% 99.81 % 101.02% 99.98%
Coat.
cone. 0.10% 0.10% 0.09% 0.10% 0.10% 0.09% 0.10% 0.10%
NB/a 0.067% 0.062% 0.061 % 0.048% 0.068% 0.065% 0.065% 0.066%
NP/a 0.021 % 0.019% 0.019% 0.015% 0.021 % 0.020% 0.020% 0.020%
Nx/a 0.088% 0.081 % 0.080% 0.063% 0.089% 0.085% 0.085% 0.086%
NB/b 0.011 % 0.009% 0.009% 0.010% 0.012% 0.01 1 % 0.008% 0.037%
NP/b 0.004% 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 0.002% 0.002% 0.001 % 0.007%
Nx/b 0.015% 0.012% 0.012% 0.013% 0.014% 0.013% 0.009% 0.044% dev. -82.95% -85.19% -85.00% -79.37% -84.27% -84.71 % -89.41 % -48.84%
Table 2 - part 6 of 11
Ex# 310063 310064 310065 310066 310077 310078 310079 310080
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG 50.33% 50.33% 53.33% 48.33% 60.08% 55.08% 50.08% 60.08%
BZ
(C)i 5%LES 5%LES 2%LFG 2%LFG 10%LFG 15%LFG 20%LFG 8%LFG
(C)ii 5%LES 5%LES 2%LES
10% 10% 10% 10%
(D) DML DML DML DML
other 5%BDA 5%MDA
colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 69 71 83 72 175 286 486 153 pH 9.8 9.7 10,0 9.9 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.4
NB/c 18.86% 18.78% 18.84% 18.97% 19.12% 19.18% 19.15% 19.15%
NP/c 5.96% 5.93% 5.96% 6.03% 6.17% 6.19% 6.19% 6.22%
Nx/c 24.82% 24.71 % 24.80% 25.00% 25.29% 25.37% 25.34% 25.37%
NB/h 18.83% 18.93% 18.79% 19.16% 19.02% 19.13% 18.99% 18.98%
NP/h 5.92% 5.96% 5.91 % 6.01 % 6.07% 6.07% 6.06% 5.98%
Nx/h 24.75% 24.89% 24.70% 25.17% 25.09% 25.20% 25.05% 24.96% stabi. 99.70% 100.72% 99.61 % 100.66% 99.24% 99.33% 98.84% 98.38%
Coat.
0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% cone. 0.10% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10% Target Target Target Target
NB/a 0.063% 0.068% 0.068% 0.067% 0.056% 0.058% 0.058% 0.054%
NP/a 0.019% 0.021 % 0.021 % 0.021 % 0.018% 0.019% 0.019% 0.018%
Nx/a 0.082% 0.089% 0.089% 0.088% 0.074% 0.077% 0.077% 0.072%
NB/b 0.038% 0.040% 0.017% 0.017% 0.048% 0.053% 0.048% 0.041 %
NP/b 0.008% 0.008% 0.003% 0.003% 0.014% 0.016% 0.014% 0.011 %
Nx/b 0.046% 0.048% 0.020% 0.020% 0.062% 0.069% 0.062% 0.052% dev. -43.90% -46.07% -77.53% -77.27% -16.22% -10.39% -19.48% -27.78%
Table 2 - part 7 of 11
Ex# 310081 310082 310083 310084 310086 310087 310073 310088
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG 50.08% 50.08% 50.08% 50.08% 49.08% 47.08%
BZ 70.33% 60.08%
(C)i 10%LFG 10%LFG 8%LFG 8%LFG 8%LFG 8%LFG 10%LFG
(C)ii 2%LES 2%LES 2%LES 2%LES
(D) 10%DML 10%HCM 10%DML 10%HCM 10%DML 10%DML
other 1 %TPA 3%TPA
colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 152 156 127 127 129 140 1 1 34 pH 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 8.5 10.6
NB/c 19.11 % 19.23% 19.45% 19.66% 19.22% 18.91 % 19.21 % 19.17%
NP/c 6.16% 6.23% 6.24% 6.33% 6.16% 6.07% 6.23% 6.19%
Nx/c 25.27% 25.46% 25.69% 25.99% 25.38% 24.98% 25.44% 25.36%
NB/h 19.03% 19.1 1 % 19.34% 19.26% 19.48% 19.57% 18.28% 19.00%
NP/h 5.96% 6.01 % 6.08% 6.06% 6.10% 5.97% 5.93% 6.13%
Nx/h 24.99% 25.12% 25.42% 25.32% 25.58% 25.54% 24.21 % 25.13% stabi. 98.90% 98.66% 98.94% 97.44% 100.78% 102.24% -4.85% -0.91 %
Coat.
0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% cone. Target Target Target Target Target Target Target
NB/a 0.057% 0.055% 0.057% 0.053% 0.056% 0.057% 0.060%
NP/a 0.019% 0.018% 0.018% 0.017% 0.018% 0.019% 0.019%
Nx/a 0.076% 0.073% 0.075% 0.070% 0.074% 0.076% 0.079%
NB/b 0.040% 0.044% 0.042% 0.045% 0.040% 0.038% 0.049%
NP/b 0.011 % 0.012% 0.01 1 % 0.013% 0.01 1 % 0.010% 0.014%
Nx/b 0.051 % 0.056% 0.053% 0.058% 0.051 % 0.048% 0.063% dev. -32.9% -23.3% -29.3% -17.1 % -31.1 % -36.8% -20.25%
Table 2 - part 8 of 11
Ex# 310089 310090 310091 310092 310093 310094 310095 310096
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LT LT LT LT LT LT LT LT
PG
BZ 55.08% 50.08% 60.08% 50.08% 50.08% 50.08% 50.08% 55.08%
(C)i 15%LFG 20%LFG 8%LFG 10%LFG 10%LFG 8%LFG 8%LFG
(C)ii 2%LES 2%LES 2%LES
(D) 10%DML 10%HCM 10%DML 10%HCM other 15% LPN colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 70 121 32 42 40 34 34 35 pH 10.6 10.7 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.5 1 1.4
NB/c 19.33% 19.08% 19.25% 19.1 1 % 19.00% 19.12% 19.68% 17.77%
NP/c 6.23% 6.15% 6.20% 6.17% 6.16% 6.14% 6.33% 5.73%
Nx/c 25.56% 25.23% 25.45% 25.28% 25.16% 25.26% 26.01 % 23.50%
NB/h 18.95% 19.07% 19.02% 18.97% 18.86% 19.08% 19.34% 15.60%
NP/h 6.15% 6.18% 6.14% 6.07% 6.08% 6.14% 6.24% 4.92%
Nx/h 25.10% 25.25% 25.16% 25.04% 24.94% 25.22% 25.58% 20.52% stabi. -1.82% 0.09% -1.15% -0.97% -0.89% -0.15% -1 .65% -12.68%
Coat.
0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% cone. Target Target Target Target Target Target Target Target
NB/a 0.061 % 0.058% 0.061 % 0.057% 0.059% 0.062% 0.065% 0.059%
NP/a 0.019% 0.018% 0.019% 0.018% 0.018% 0.019% 0.020% 0.019%
Nx/a 0.080% 0.076% 0.080% 0.075% 0.077% 0.081 % 0.085% 0.078%
NB/b 0.052% 0.051 % 0.046% 0.049% 0.050% 0.051 % 0.048% 0.050%
NP/b 0.016% 0.016% 0.013% 0.014% 0.015% 0.015% 0.014% 0.015%
Nx/b 0.068% 0.067% 0.059% 0.063% 0.065% 0.066% 0.062% 0.065% dev. -15.00% -1 1.84% -26.25% -16.00% -15.58% -18.52% -27.06% -16.67%
Table 2 - part 9 of 11
Ex# 310104 310105 310106 310108 310109 3101 10 3101 1 1
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv.
29,67% 29,67% 25% 29.34% 29.34% 29.34% 29.34%
(A) LT LT NBPT LL LL LL LL
PG
BZ 50.08% 40.08% 54.75% 50.41 % 40.41 % 60.41 % 60.41 %
(C)i 20%LFG 30%LFG 20%LFG 20%LFG 30%LFG 10% DEI 10%HBI
(C)ii
(D)
other
colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 132 345 94 1 15 314 18 18 pH 10.5 10.6 10.7 12.3 9.1 8.7 9.1
NB/c 18.56% 18.62% 25.17% 19.79% 19.72% 19.32% 19.78%
NP/c 5.82% 5.89% 0.00% 6.19% 6.19% 6.06% 6.12%
Nx/c 24.38% 24.51 % 25.17% 25.98% 25.91 % 25.38% 25.90%
NB/h 18.70% 19.01 % 25.59% 19.90% 19.90% 19.41 % 19.40%
NP/h 5.95% 5.94% 0.00% 6.21 % 6.18% 6.16% 5.88%
Nx/h 24.65% 24.95% 25.59% 26.1 1 % 26.08% 25.57% 25.28% stabi. 1.1 1 % 1.80% 1.67% 0.50% 0.66% 0.75% -2.39%
Coat.
0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% cone. Target Target Target Target Target Target Target
NB/a 0.058% 0.057% 0.077% 0.060% 0.059% 0.063% 0.065%
NP/a 0.019% 0.019% 0.000% 0.019% 0.019% 0.019% 0.020%
Nx/a 0.077% 0.076% 0.077% 0.079% 0.078% 0.082% 0.085%
NB/b
NP/b
Nx/b
dev.
Table 2 - part 10 of 1 1
NMP (at least in amounts as applied in Ex# 310043) is toxicologically objectionable.
Table 2 - part 1 1 of 1 1
Ex# 310120 310121 310122 310123 310022 310043 310085
Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Comp. Comp. Comp.
29.34% 29.34% 29.34% 29.34% 29.67% 29.67% 29.67%
(A) LL LL LL LL LT LT LT
PG 60.41 % 60.41 % 40.41 % 40.41 % ad100 ad 100 55.08%
BZ
(C)i 10%E15 10%E25 30%E15 30%E25
(C)ii
(D)
other 20%LPN 20%NMP 15%LPN colo. 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% vise. 75 81 114 140 181 36 141 pH 9.1 9.3 9.3 9.3 1 1.2 8.5 1 1.3
NB/c 20.05% 19.70% 20.04% 19.70% 18.39% 18.68% 18.12%
NP/c 6.25% 6.14% 6.25% 6.13% 5.71 % 5.86% 5.83%
Nx/c 26.30% 25.84% 26.29% 25.83% 24.10% 24.54% 23.95%
NB/h 20.07% 19.77% 19.82% 19.39% 15.67% 18.52% 16.38%
NP/h 6.28% 6.18% 6.18% 6.09% 4.91 % 5.81 % 5.21 %
Nx/h 26.35% 25.95% 26.00% 25.48% 20.58% 24.33% 21.59% stabi. 0.19% 0.43% -1.10% -1.36% 85.41 % 99.16% 90.1 1 %
Coat.
0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% 0.08% cone. Target Target Target Target 0.10% Target
NB/a 0.063% 0.062% 0.062% 0.062% 0.064% 0.053%
NP/a 0.020% 0.019% 0.019% 0.019% 0.019% 0.016%
Nx/a 0.083% 0.081 % 0.081 % 0.081 % 0.083% 0.069%
NB/b 0.005% 0.039%
NP/b 0.002% 0.010%
Nx/b 0.007% 0.049% dev. -91.57% -29.0%
Claims
1. An composition comprising:
(A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I)
R R2N-P(X)(NH2)2 ,
wherein
X is oxygen or sulfur;
R1 is a Ci to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, Ce to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocar- bonyl group;
R2 is H , or
R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur,
and
(C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of
(C1 ) a polymeric polyamine, and
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to Ci2 alkyl groups R21 , wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21 , and
(C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R22 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22, and
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Cs to C40 alkyl group R23, and
(C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contains at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which does not contain a further alkoxy group.
The composition according to claim 1 , wherein in the general formula (I) of (A) X is sulfur.
The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the general formula (I) of (A) R1 is C1-C20 alkyl and R2 is H .
The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixture (A) comprises N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and/or N-n-propylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT).
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture (A) comprises at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides having structures of the general formula (I) and
wherein said at least two different (thio)phosphoric acid triamides differ in at least one of radicals 1 or R2.
6. The composition according to claim 6, wherein one of said at least two different
(thio)phosphoric acid triamides is N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide.
7. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C1 ) a polymeric polyamine.
8. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is (C1 ) which is a polyalkylene imine.
9. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is (C1 ) which is a polyethylene imine.
10. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21.
1 1. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three hydroxy- substituted C2 to C3 alkyl groups which are covalently bound to the amino group.
12. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C2) an amine selected from the group consisting of Bis(hydroxyethyl)-isopropanolamine (DEIPA), and 1 ,1 '-((2-Hydroxyethyl)imino)dipropan-2-ol.
13. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of said alkyl groups bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein at least one of the groups R22 is different to the other group(s) R22.
14. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C3) an amine selected from the group consisting of 1-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)propan-2- ol, and N-Methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-isopropanolamine.
15. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C) an amine which is
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Ce to C40 alkyl group R23.
16. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C4) an amine containing at least one saturated or unsaturated Cs to C19 alkyl group 23.
17. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C4) an amine selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated (2) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (5) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (15) cocoalkylamine, ethoxylated (2) oleyla- mine, lauryl-dimethylamine, oleyl-dimethylamine, and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (5 EO), 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (10 EO), and 2-propylheptylamine ethoxylate (20 EO).
18. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C5) a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic amine which contain at least one oxygen atom as ring atom and which do not contain a further alkoxy group.
19. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 6, wherein (C) is
(C5) an amine which is N-methyl morpholine.
20. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein
the mixture (A) comprises N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and/or N-n- propylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT) and
(C) is (C1 ) a polymeric polyamine which is polyethyleneimine.
21. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 20, further comprising
(B) an aromatic alcohol according to the general formula (II)
wherein
R11 is aryl or alkylaryl;
R12 is H or alkyl;
R13 is H or alkyl.
22. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 21 , further comprising (B), wherein in the general formula (II) of (B) R12 and R13 is H.
23. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 22, further comprising (B), wherein in the general formula (II) of (B) R11 is aryl.
24. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 23, further comprising (B), wherein in the general formula (II) of (B) R11 is phenyl.
25. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 24, further comprising (B), wherein (B) is benzyl alcohol.
26. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 25, further comprising
(D) at least one amide according to the general formula (III)
3 CO-NR32R33
wherein
R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms;
R32 is H or alkyl, and
R33 is H or alkyl, or
R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
27. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl, and R33 is H or Ci to C4 alkyl.
28. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is a hydroxysubstituted acyl radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
29. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 28, wherein (D) is a N,N-dialkyl amide based on lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, or their mixtures.
The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 29, wherein (D) is a lactic acid N,N-dimethylamide.
The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27, wherein in the general formula of (D) R31CO does not contain a hydroxy group.
32. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27 and 31 , wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is an acyl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
33. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27 and 31 to 32, wherein (D) is selected from the group consisting of Ν,Ν-dimethyloctanamide, N,N-dimethylnonanamide, and N,N-dimethyldecanamide.
34. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27 and 31 , wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
35. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6- membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
36. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26 and 35, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) 32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 6- membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further oxygen heteroatom.
37. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26 and 35 to 36, wherein (D) is N- acetylmorpholine or N-formylmorpholine.
38. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26 and 35, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 and R33 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- membered saturated heterocyclic radical which comprises one further nitrogen heteroatom.
39. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 26, 35, and 38, wherein (D) is 1 ,3- dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone.
40. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group.
41. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27, wherein in the general formula (III) of (D) R31CO is an acyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R32 is an acyloxy substituted alkyl group and R33 is Ci to C4 alkyl.
42. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 27, wherein (D) is N-[2- (acetyloxy)ethyl]-N-methyl acetamide.
43. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 42, further comprising
(E) an alcohol comprising at least two hydroxy groups which are not dissociable in the aqueous medium.
44. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 42, further comprising
(E) propane-1 ,2-diol (alpha-propylene glycol).
45. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 44, further comprising a com- pound (K) selected from the group consisting of
(K1) an amine selected from the group consisting of methyldiethanolamine, tetrahydroxy- propylethylenediamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1 ,6- hexanediamine, N,N',N"-tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, and 2,2'- dimorpholinyldiethyl ether,
an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R41, wherein all groups R41 within said amine are identical, and
an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R42, wherein at least one of the groups R42 bears the alkoxy or hydroxy substituent at a secondary or tertiary carbon atom and wherein all groups R42 with said amine are identical.
46. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 45, further comprising
(F) a nitrogen-containing fertilizer.
47. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 45, further comprising
(F1 ) a urea-containing fertilizer comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of urea, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), cro- tonylidene diurea (CDU) and urea formaldehyde (UF), urea-acetaldehyde, and urea- glyoxal condensates.
48. The composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 45, further comprising
(F) a nitrogen-containing fertilizer which comprises urea.
49. Process for treating the soil comprising:
applying the composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 48 into the soil in-furrow and/or as side-dress and/or as broadcast.
Process according to claim 49 comprising:
applying the composition by spraying it onto the
Process according to claim 49, wherein the composition is - either at the same time or with a time difference - applied together with at least one nitrogen-containing fertilizer ( into the soil in-furrow and/or as side-dress and/or as broadcast.
52. Use of the composition according to anyone of the claims 1 to 45 as additive or coating material for nitrogen-containing fertilizers (F).
Priority Applications (22)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/IB2013/055484 WO2015001391A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2013-07-04 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
EP14819297.4A EP3016921B1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
US14/902,181 US10150712B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
AU2014285758A AU2014285758B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
TR2019/10755T TR201910755T4 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease inhibitory action, including (thio) phosphoric acid triamide and additional compounds. |
PL14819297T PL3016921T3 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
ES14819297T ES2741280T3 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease inhibition effect comprising (thio) phosphoric acid triamide and additional compounds |
BR112015032664-1A BR112015032664B1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | COMPOSITIONS WITH ENHANCED UREASE INHIBITION EFFECT INCLUDING (THIO) PHOSPHORIC ACID TRIAMIDE AND ADDITIONAL COMPOUNDS |
RU2016103491A RU2656416C2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
NZ715778A NZ715778B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
UAA201600784A UA116147C2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
CN201480048545.8A CN105517977B (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Composition comprising (thio) phosphoric triamide and other compounds with improved urease-inhibiting effect |
MX2015017715A MX2015017715A (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds. |
JP2016522940A JP6576917B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | A composition having improved urease inhibitory effect comprising (thio) phosphoric triamide and further compounds |
CA2916529A CA2916529C (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
PCT/IB2014/062667 WO2015001457A2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
RU2018119775A RU2018119775A (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED UREASIDE INHIBITING ACTION CONTAINING TRIAMID (THIO) PHOSPHORIC ACID AND OTHER COMPOUNDS |
ARP140102486A AR097136A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-07-03 | COMPOSITIONS WITH INHIBITING EFFECT OF THE IMPROVED UREASA THAT INCLUDE TRIAMIDE OF THE PHOSPHORIC ACID (OTHER) AND OTHER COMPOUNDS |
UY0001035645A UY35645A (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | COMPOSITIONS WITH INHIBITING EFFECT OF THE IMPROVED UREASA THAT INCLUDE TRIAMIDE OF THE PHOSPHORIC ACID (OTHER) AND OTHER COMPOUNDS |
SA516370350A SA516370350B1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2016-01-04 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
ZA2016/00606A ZA201600606B (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2016-01-28 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
US16/197,665 US20190084898A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2018-11-21 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2013/055484 WO2015001391A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2013-07-04 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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IBPCT/IB2013/055486 Continuation | 2013-07-04 | 2013-07-04 |
Related Child Applications (2)
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PCT/IB2014/062667 Continuation WO2015001457A2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
US14/902,181 Continuation US10150712B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-27 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2015001391A1 true WO2015001391A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
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ID=52143178
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2013/055484 WO2015001391A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2013-07-04 | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AR (1) | AR097136A1 (en) |
UY (1) | UY35645A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015001391A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
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WO2016103168A1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-30 | Basf Se | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio) phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds such as amines and colorants |
WO2016186526A1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-24 | Ballance Agri-Nutrients Limited | Fertiliser composition |
WO2017100507A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | Koch Agromonic Services, Llc | Acid resistant urease inhibitor containing fertilizer compositions |
US9834487B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2017-12-05 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Highly concentrated phosphoric or thiophosphoric triamide formulation |
KR20180002064A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | (주)엠포러스 | Device and method for optimizing sound level based on user and environment information |
WO2018116046A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Basf Se | Mixture of aryl substituted (thio)phosphoric acid triamide urease inhibitors with phosphorus-containing urea fertilizers |
US10954256B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2021-03-23 | Basf Se | Process for recovering a mixture comprising a (thio)phosphoric acid derivative |
US20210101846A1 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Milliken & Company | Horticulture Additive |
US20220098125A1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-03-31 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Coated fertilizer containing urease inhibitor |
US11999662B2 (en) | 2021-09-20 | 2024-06-04 | SABIC Agri-Nutrients Company | Anti-caking fertilizer compositions |
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Cited By (17)
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RU2759183C1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2021-11-10 | Басф Се | Compositions with improved effect of urease inhibition, containing (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and additional compounds, such as amines and dyes |
WO2016103168A1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-30 | Basf Se | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio) phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds such as amines and colorants |
US10577290B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2020-03-03 | Basf Se | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds such as amines and colorants |
AU2015370455B2 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2020-03-26 | Basf Se | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio) phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds such as amines and colorants |
US11384033B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2022-07-12 | Basf Se | Compositions with improved urease-inhibiting effect comprising (thio)phosphoric acid triamide and further compounds such as amines and colorants |
WO2016186526A1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-24 | Ballance Agri-Nutrients Limited | Fertiliser composition |
US9834487B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2017-12-05 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Highly concentrated phosphoric or thiophosphoric triamide formulation |
US10487019B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2019-11-26 | Koch Agronomic Services, Llc | Highly concentrated phosphoric or thiophosphoric triamide formulation |
EP3356375B1 (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2023-01-04 | Basf Se | Process for recovering a mixture comprising a (thio)phosphoric acid derivative |
US10954256B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2021-03-23 | Basf Se | Process for recovering a mixture comprising a (thio)phosphoric acid derivative |
WO2017100507A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | Koch Agromonic Services, Llc | Acid resistant urease inhibitor containing fertilizer compositions |
KR20180002064A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | (주)엠포러스 | Device and method for optimizing sound level based on user and environment information |
WO2018116046A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Basf Se | Mixture of aryl substituted (thio)phosphoric acid triamide urease inhibitors with phosphorus-containing urea fertilizers |
US20220098125A1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-03-31 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Coated fertilizer containing urease inhibitor |
US20210101846A1 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Milliken & Company | Horticulture Additive |
US11891346B2 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2024-02-06 | Milliken & Company | Horticulture additive |
US11999662B2 (en) | 2021-09-20 | 2024-06-04 | SABIC Agri-Nutrients Company | Anti-caking fertilizer compositions |
Also Published As
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UY35645A (en) | 2014-12-31 |
AR097136A1 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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