WO2014183915A1 - System zur verdampfung von verflüssigtem erdgas (lng) - Google Patents
System zur verdampfung von verflüssigtem erdgas (lng) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014183915A1 WO2014183915A1 PCT/EP2014/056399 EP2014056399W WO2014183915A1 WO 2014183915 A1 WO2014183915 A1 WO 2014183915A1 EP 2014056399 W EP2014056399 W EP 2014056399W WO 2014183915 A1 WO2014183915 A1 WO 2014183915A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- heat
- lng
- vehicle
- refrigerant
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010796 biological waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0327—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating with recovery of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- LNG Liquefied natural gas
- the present invention relates to a system for liquefied natural gas (LNG) evaporation in a vehicle having a natural gas powered engine.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- An exhaust heat engine may be used to recover a portion of the heat energy of the exhaust of a vehicle and thereby increase the efficiency of the engine, especially trucks. With this exhaust heat engine can be saved about 5% fuel.
- Natural gas vehicle Natural gas vehicle
- natural gas vehicle natural gas vehicle or English “Natural Gas Vehicle” (NGV) or "CNG Vehicle”
- NVG Natural Gas Vehicle
- CNG Compressed Natural Gas
- a treated natural gas and air mixture is burnt.
- the natural gas (CNG) is compressed to about 200 bar and stored.
- a combustion engine is a conventional gasoline engine (gasoline engine).
- gasoline engine gasoline engine
- DING engine Direct Injection Natural Gas
- Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is increasingly being used as a fuel for trucks, especially in the US and Asia.
- Natural gas is in liquefied form and is vaporized during removal from the vehicle tank.
- the evaporator is heated with coolant liquid from the engine's cooling circuit.
- Natural gas whose main component is methane, can be burned very clean. Compared to gasoline vehicles, less carbon dioxide, less carbon monoxide and less hydrocarbons are produced. In comparison to diesel vehicles, less carbon monoxide, less hydrocarbons, less nitrogen oxides and almost no soot particles are produced.
- Natural gas for driving motor vehicles can also be obtained very easily from biogas by treatment. Bio natural gas and fossil natural gas can then be mixed. Bio natural gas can be obtained, for example, from spoiled food or other biological waste. Regenerative energy production with natural gas is therefore not directly in competition with food production (problematic of other biofuels). Natural gas is one of the few regenerative energy sources that can be stored for a long time (over several months) and will thus play an increasingly important role in vehicle propulsion in the future.
- the energy lost from the warming of LNG should be at least partially recovered in order to improve the energy balance of a natural gas vehicle.
- the invention proposes a system for vaporizing liquefied natural gas (hereinafter "LNG”) in a vehicle having a natural gas-powered engine according to claim 1.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the inventive system comprises an evaporator for LNG and a heat engine, in particular exhaust heat engine for recovering heat energy of exhaust gas of the vehicle.
- the evaporator for LNG is now coupled to the heat engine, wherein the heat engine has a condenser for condensing a refrigerant and this condenser is in operative connection with the evaporator for LNG for heat exchange.
- the line of the refrigerant can be led around or else through the evaporator for LNG or the line for LNG can be led around or through the condenser or both lines can be guided along one another in a heat-exchanging manner.
- the heat exchange can take place via a further medium.
- the heat engine can ideally be described as a Carnot process in which the exhaust gas supplies a first amount of heat to the refrigerant of the heat engine, this heat exchange takes place via an evaporator, which evaporates the refrigerant. At high temperature and high pressure, the steam is used to operate an expansion machine. This creates electrical and / or mechanical energy. In this way, a part of the heat energy of the exhaust gas can be recovered.
- the refrigerant is then fed to a condenser where it is condensed, whereupon it is returned to the evaporator by means of a pump.
- the Evaporator, and Tu is the lower temperature, that is, the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser represents. It can be seen from the formula that the efficiency can be increased when the lower temperature Tu is lowered. This achieves the invention. Due to the thermal coupling of the capacitor with the Evaporator for LNG, a lowering of the lower temperature Tu can be achieved. Thus, the heat engine can be operated more effectively. In addition, according to the invention, part of the energy used for liquefying the natural gas can be recovered. The overall efficiency of the system according to the invention is thus higher than that of the exhaust gas
- the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for natural gas-powered motor vehicles, in particular for trucks (trucks). Namely, it is preferable to use the evaporative refrigeration to keep the LNG in the liquid state. This is particularly successful in the operation of vehicles without long interruptions, as is the case for example with trucks.
- a first and a second stage of the heat exchange can be realized, in principle, either one of the two stages can be used in the operation of the system and thus the vehicle or one of the two stages of each other stage can be upstream.
- Condenser and the said (engine) coolant circuit on the other hand designed such that the refrigerant of the heat engine is in a first stage with the (engine) cooling circuit and in a second stage with the evaporator for LNG for heat exchange in operative connection.
- the first stage preceded by the second stage, wherein both stages are passed through.
- the refrigerant is cooled in two stages in order to use the cold energy of LNG more targeted.
- the refrigerant is cooled and partially condensed with the cooling water of the (engine) cooling circuit as much as possible.
- the refrigerant in the LNG evaporator is then completely condensed.
- the heat engine has a bypass line which directs the refrigerant of the heat engine past the first stage.
- the cooling water in the (engine) cooling circuit is still cold (ambient temperature)
- a control unit may preferably be provided, which controls the corresponding valves such that the refrigerant of the heat engine is passed through the bypass line, as long as the temperature in the (engine) cooling circuit falls below a predetermined temperature (for example, operating temperature).
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a system according to the invention for the evaporation of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the heat engine is designated 3.
- the refrigerant of the heat engine 3 ideally undergoes a Carnot process, with the efficiency specified in the description.
- the refrigerant is evaporated, the steam is operated by an expansion machine 7, and then the refrigerant is condensed, to then be pumped back to the evaporator.
- an evaporator 9 of the exhaust gas recirculation and an evaporator 10 of the exhaust system is provided via the waste heat is supplied to the refrigerant (indicated by the two arrows), which is evaporated and, for example, with 300 ° C and 50 bar of the expansion machine 7 is supplied.
- the expansion machine 7, in particular a piston engine or a turbine generates mechanical and / or electrical energy.
- a bypass line 8 with a valve part of the steam can be performed on the expansion machine 7 over. This is particularly advantageous when the expansion machine during warm-up before
- a fluid pump 12 Via a fluid pump 12, it again enters the evaporators 9 and 10, wherein the proportions of the refrigerant for these evaporators can be adjusted via a distributor valve 1 1 (flow control valve).
- a distributor valve 1 1 flow control valve
- the condenser 4 can enter into heat exchange with the coolant circuit 5 of the engine in a first part.
- a second part of the condenser 4 which is arranged downstream of the first part of the condenser 4 in the conveying direction of the refrigerant, can heat exchange with the evaporator 2 for LNG (indicated by the arrow).
- the evaporator 2 for LNG vaporizes liquefied natural gas from an LNG tank, thus producing compressed natural gas (CNG).
- CNG compressed natural gas
- a further heat exchanger (not shown) may be connected upstream for the air conditioning of the vehicle.
- the refrigerant is the
- Heat engine 3 via the coolant (cooling water) of the engine cooling circuit 5 as far as possible in the first stage cooled.
- the refrigerant is then condensed by heat exchange with the LNG evaporator 2.
- this two-stage heat exchange may be useful in refrigerants that are not sufficiently cooled when passing through the second stage alone to condense.
- FIG. 1 also shows a bypass line 6 with a valve, which supplies the refrigerant directly to the second stage at the first stage.
- a control unit 15 controls for this purpose the valve of the bypass line 6 (and possibly other valves, which are not shown here) to.
- the bypass line 6 is opened by the control unit 15 in particular when the vehicle is in warm-up. In this case, it is expedient if the refrigerant of the heat engine 3 is equal to the heat exchange with the LNG evaporator 2 is available to evaporate the LNG without having to give off heat to the coolant circuit 5 before.
- the control unit 15 may for example measure the temperature of the coolant in the engine cooling circuit 5 and close the bypass line 6 only when the temperature in the coolant circuit exceeds a predetermined temperature, which is sufficient for reliable and complete vaporization of the LNGs.
- the temperature of the refrigerant here depends on the mass flows of the refrigerant and the LNG to be evaporated, as well as their Heat capacities from. The heat of vaporization of the LNG, the heat capacity of the heat exchanger and the heat flow into and out of the environment also influence the temperature. The appropriate temperature can be easily determined by a trial on the prototype.
- the system according to the invention improves the efficiency of the heat engine 3, can recover part of the energy used for liquefying the natural gas and at the same time recover exhaust heat via the expansion engine 7 in part.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2015153247A RU2015153247A (ru) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-03-31 | Система для испарения сжиженного природного газа |
US14/891,210 US20160090873A1 (en) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-03-31 | System for evaporating liquefied natural gas (lng) |
EP14714684.9A EP2997247A1 (de) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-03-31 | System zur verdampfung von verflüssigtem erdgas (lng) |
CN201480027050.7A CN105190003A (zh) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-03-31 | 用于使液化天然气(lng)蒸发的*** |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013208701.2A DE102013208701A1 (de) | 2013-05-13 | 2013-05-13 | System zur Verdampfung von verflüssigtem Erdgas (LNG) |
DE102013208701.2 | 2013-05-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014183915A1 true WO2014183915A1 (de) | 2014-11-20 |
Family
ID=50424239
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2014/056399 WO2014183915A1 (de) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-03-31 | System zur verdampfung von verflüssigtem erdgas (lng) |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160090873A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2997247A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105190003A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102013208701A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2015153247A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014183915A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11850936B2 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2023-12-26 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Gas tank arrangement |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20190128147A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-05-02 | Borgwarner Inc. | Waste heat recovery system with parallel evaporators and method of operating |
US10082109B2 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-09-25 | Caterpillar Inc. | System, method, and apparatus to control engine intake manifold air temperature |
DE102018209996A1 (de) | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fahrzeugkühlsystem mit Wärmetauscher zur Temperierung von LNG |
US11466609B2 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-10-11 | Ennovare, LLC | Turbo air cooler |
CN114909605B (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-04-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Lng船冷能循环存储及冷能综合利用***及其工作方法 |
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- 2014-03-31 US US14/891,210 patent/US20160090873A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-31 RU RU2015153247A patent/RU2015153247A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-03-31 WO PCT/EP2014/056399 patent/WO2014183915A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-03-31 EP EP14714684.9A patent/EP2997247A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20160090873A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
RU2015153247A3 (de) | 2018-03-06 |
DE102013208701A1 (de) | 2014-11-13 |
CN105190003A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
RU2015153247A (ru) | 2017-06-19 |
EP2997247A1 (de) | 2016-03-23 |
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