WO2014183401A1 - 信道接入方法和接入设备 - Google Patents

信道接入方法和接入设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014183401A1
WO2014183401A1 PCT/CN2013/087307 CN2013087307W WO2014183401A1 WO 2014183401 A1 WO2014183401 A1 WO 2014183401A1 CN 2013087307 W CN2013087307 W CN 2013087307W WO 2014183401 A1 WO2014183401 A1 WO 2014183401A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
access device
cooperative
transmission
access
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PCT/CN2013/087307
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林英沛
张佳胤
杨讯
马驰翔
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2014183401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014183401A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/02Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a channel access method and an access device in a wireless local area network scenario. Background technique
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • Wi-Fi networks use unlicensed bands. This open frequency band is difficult to obtain QoS (Quality of Service) guarantee for spectrum use, and the spectrum resources are limited. Moreover, with the increasing popularity of smart terminals such as portable computers and smart phones supporting WLAN technology, WLAN bands are increasingly congested. Therefore, at present, the development and evolution of WLAN network technology is mainly aimed at improving spectrum utilization efficiency and interference management capability.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • IEEE 802.11 adopts Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoid (CSMA) mechanism to access multiple channels in a competitive manner to avoid collisions.
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoid
  • the random backoff mechanism can effectively avoid the occurrence of collisions.
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoid
  • the network load is large, when multiple APs or STAs need to send data on a certain channel at the same time, only one AP or STA can access the channel at a time, and other APs or STAs need to Wait for the channel to become idle. At this time, there may be a state in which a plurality of APs or STAs are ready to access the channel at the same time.
  • the carrier sense mechanism with collision avoidance mentioned above makes it necessary to transmit data.
  • the AP or the STA accesses the channel in turn, and minimizes the collision conflict of the access channel at the same time.
  • the system can effectively ensure the normal operation of the system.
  • the number of APs or STAs is large, due to the exclusiveness of channel access, only one AP or STA can access the channel at a time, resulting in low spectrum utilization and network congestion. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention is to solve the problem that the channel resources are not fully utilized when the device accesses and uses the channel in the WLAN.
  • a channel access method including:
  • the access device will be determined to be a cooperative access device with other access devices that cooperate with the channel;
  • the access device monitors a usage status of a channel accessed by the cooperative access device, and determines, in a channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a cooperative available channel; as well as
  • the access device performs data transmission on a transport channel including the cooperative available channel.
  • the access device is configured to be a cooperative access device by using another access device that can cooperate with the channel, including:
  • the access device parses the physical layer convergence process protocol data unit PPDU and/or the medium access control MAC frame header of the other access device, and obtains address information of the other access device, where the address information includes basic services. a set identifier; if the address information is included in a cooperative access set of the access device, the access device determines the other access device as the cooperative access device Ready.
  • the channel that can be used by the access device in the channel used by the collaboration access device is determined as a cooperative available channel, including:
  • the access device monitors and obtains a service set identifier of the other access device
  • H'J determines the other access device as the collaboration Access device.
  • the channel that can be used by the access device in the channel used by the collaboration access device is determined as a cooperative available channel, including:
  • determining, by the cooperative access device, the channel that has obtained the usage right is determined as the cooperative available channel.
  • the method further includes: if the access device competes for obtaining the right to use the channel accessed by itself, the access device is competitively obtained.
  • the own available channel of the right and the cooperative available channel are jointly determined as the transport channel.
  • the determining, by the access device, the self-available channel that obtains the usage right and the cooperative available channel are jointly determined as the transport channel, including:
  • the self-available channel is adjacent to the cooperative available channel, the self-available channel and the cooperative available channel and a guard interval therebetween are used as the transport channel;
  • the carrier-available channel and the cooperative available channel are used as carrier aggregation manners.
  • the transmission channel is not adjacent to the cooperative available channel.
  • the accessing, by the access device, data transmission on a transport channel including the cooperative available channel includes:
  • the access device performs data transmission on the transport channel by using a cooperative transmission manner determined in negotiation with the cooperative access device.
  • the access device performs data transmission on the transmission channel by using a cooperative transmission manner that is determined in negotiation with the cooperative access device, and includes:
  • the station in the overlapping basic service set area is used in the joint transmission, CS/CB or interference-coordinated cooperative transmission mode. Any one of the data transmission on the transport channel; for any station that is outside the overlapping basic service set area, adopting any one of CS/CB or interference alignment or direct transmission cooperative transmission mode, Transmission channel for data transmission;
  • any one of the CS/CB or the interference-aligned cooperative transmission mode is adopted for the sites in the overlapping basic service set regions. Transmitting data on the transport channel; using any one of a CS/CB, a perturbation alignment, or a direct transmission cooperative transmission mode for a station that is outside the overlapping basic service set area, performing on the transport channel data transmission.
  • the method includes:
  • the present invention provides an access device, including:
  • Collaborative device determination module for other devices that will be able to use the channel in cooperation therewith
  • the access device is determined to be a cooperative access device
  • a cooperative channel determining module configured to monitor a usage status of a channel accessed by the cooperative access device, and determine, in a channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a collaboration available Channel;
  • a data transmission module configured to perform data transmission on a transmission channel including the cooperative available channel.
  • the collaboration device determining module includes:
  • a parsing sub-module configured to parse a physical layer convergence process protocol data unit PPDU and/or a media access control MAC frame header of the other access device, to obtain address information of the other access device, where the address information includes a basic Service set identifier payment;
  • a first determining submodule configured to determine the other access device as the cooperative access device if the address information is included in a coordinated access set of the access device.
  • the collaboration device determining module includes:
  • a monitoring submodule configured to listen to obtain a service set identifier of the other access device
  • a second determining submodule configured to: if the service set identifier of the other access device is the same as the access device, and the extended service set to which the service set identifier belongs supports cooperative transmission, the other access The device is determined to be the collaborative access device.
  • the cooperative channel determining module is configured to: if the network access vector of the channel in which the cooperative access device competes for obtaining the usage right is greater than or equal to a set threshold, Determining, by the cooperative access device, a channel that has obtained the usage right is determined as the cooperative available channel.
  • the cooperative channel determining module is further configured to:
  • the access device competes for the right to use the channel accessed by itself, the access device competes with the available channel of the access right and the cooperative available channel to determine the transmission channel.
  • the cooperative channel determining module includes:
  • a first transport channel determining submodule configured to: if the self available channel is adjacent to the cooperative available channel, use the self available channel and the cooperative available channel together with a guard interval therebetween Transmission channel
  • a second transmission channel determining submodule configured to use the carrier aggregation mode and the cooperative available channel as a carrier channel if the self-available channel is not adjacent to the cooperative available channel.
  • the data transmission module includes:
  • a cooperative transmission mode determining submodule configured to negotiate with the cooperative access device to determine a coordinated transmission mode
  • a data transmission submodule configured to perform data transmission on the transmission channel by using the cooperative transmission mode.
  • the cooperative transmission mode determining submodule is specifically configured to:
  • the station in the overlapping basic service set area is used in the joint transmission, CS/CB or interference-coordinated cooperative transmission mode. Any one of the cooperative transmission modes; the CS/CB, the interference alignment, or the direct transmission coordinated transmission mode is used as the cooperative transmission mode for the sites that are outside the overlapping basic service set areas; If the access device is different from the channel used by the cooperative access device to transmit data, the site used in the overlapping basic service set area is adopted.
  • any one of the CS/CB or the interference-aligned cooperative transmission mode is used as the cooperative transmission mode; for the sites that are outside the overlapping basic service set areas, the CS/CB, the interference alignment or the direct transmission cooperative transmission mode is adopted. Any one of them is used as the cooperative transmission method.
  • the access device further includes:
  • an access module configured to determine, according to the monitored channel quality and/or the usage of the neighboring other access devices, the channel accessed by the access device.
  • the accessing device can use the cooperative available channel of the cooperative access device as its own transmission channel for transmitting data.
  • one channel may access multiple access devices at the same time, thereby improving spectrum utilization and reducing the network. congestion.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic channel access rule in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a SIFS delay in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a random backoff mechanism in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of a NAV principle in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial BSSID in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of an AP and a STA in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of different bandwidth combinations in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of channel usage in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of using a guard interval in a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of NAV in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. detailed description
  • exemplary is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustrative.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the channel access method includes:
  • Step 101 The access device determines, as the cooperative access device, other access devices that can cooperate with the channel.
  • determining the cooperative access device may include: adopting the following manner: manner 1, determining according to the address information;
  • the access device may parse a PPDU (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure Protocol Data Unit) and/or a MAC (Medium Access Control) frame of the other access device. Header, obtaining address information of the other access device;
  • PPDU Physical Layer Convergence Procedure Protocol Data Unit
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the access device determines the other access device as the collaborative access device
  • the address information may include a BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier); specifically, the access device may set the address information in the PPDU of the physical layer by using a basic service set identifier, so that the physical layer is parsed.
  • the PPDU can obtain the address information, and does not need to parse the MAC, and the implementation speed is fast.
  • the cooperative access set of the access device may be a set set in advance, or may be generated by the access device according to the information of the neighboring access device collected by the access device. Method 2, according to the SSID (Service Set Identifier);
  • the ESS Extended Service Set
  • the other access devices are determined as the cooperative access device.
  • the access device After the access device is determined to be a cooperative access device by using another access device that cooperates with the channel, the cooperative relationship of the shared channel can be established by interacting with the cooperative access device.
  • Step 102 The access device monitors a usage status of a channel accessed by the cooperative access device, and determines, in the channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a cooperative available channel. ;
  • the NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • the NAV can indicate the time that the device can occupy the channel for which the device is entitled to obtain the right to use. If a device occupies a certain channel, the value of the N AV is large, indicating that the device can occupy the channel. For a long time, the channel is also used as a transmission channel. After the access device monitors the situation of other access devices, if other access devices access a channel and compete for the right to use the channel, the channel of the access right may be obtained according to other access devices. The AV determines whether the channel can be utilized. Specifically, the threshold may be a predetermined value.
  • the cooperative access device competes.
  • the channel from which the usage right is obtained is determined to be a cooperative available channel.
  • the set threshold may be preset, for example: a fixed value is set according to a specific networking and implementation, and the set threshold may also be changed at any time according to specific conditions, for example: The NAV value of the present invention is determined as the threshold value, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the access device competes for the right to use the channel accessed by the access device, the access device competes with the available channel of the access right and the cooperative available channel to determine the transmission channel. Specifically, it can include the following conditions:
  • Case 1 If the self-available channel is adjacent to the cooperative available channel, the self-available channel and the cooperative available channel and a guard interval between the two are jointly used as the transport channel;
  • Carrier aggregation refers to the aggregation of two or more basic carriers to meet broadband requirements.
  • the carrier aggregation may be used to use a plurality of non-contiguous channels as the transmission channel.
  • the specific carrier aggregation method may be implemented in multiple implementation manners, which is not limited herein.
  • Step 103 The access device performs data transmission on a transport channel including the cooperative available channel.
  • the bandwidth used by the access device and its cooperating access device may be the same or different.
  • the access device may first negotiate with the cooperative access device to determine a coordinated transmission mode, and then, after determining the transport channel, adopt the cooperative transmission mode, where the transmission is performed.
  • the channel performs data transmission.
  • the access device performs the data transmission on the transport channel by using the coordinated transmission mode determined by the cooperative access device, and may specifically include the following conditions:
  • Case 1 If the access device and the cooperative access device use the same channel for transmitting data, JT (Joint Transmission), CS/ is adopted for the sites in the overlapping basic service set areas. Any one of CB (Coordinated scheduling/beamforming) or IA (Interference Alignment) cooperative transmission mode And performing data transmission on the transport channel; using any one of a CS/CB, a perturbation alignment, or a direct transmission cooperative transmission mode for a station that is outside the overlapping basic service set area, performing on the transport channel data transmission;
  • JT Joint Transmission
  • CB Coordinatd scheduling/beamforming
  • IA Interference Alignment
  • Case 2 If the access device and the cooperative access device use different channels for transmitting data, the CS/CB or the interference-aligned cooperative transmission mode is adopted for the sites in the overlapping basic service set areas. Any one of the data transmission on the transport channel; for any station that is outside the basic service set area, the CS/CB, the interference alignment, or the direct transmission cooperative transmission mode is used. The transmission channel performs data transmission.
  • the method may further include: Step 100: The access device determines, according to the monitored channel quality and/or the usage of the neighboring access devices, the channel accessed by the access device.
  • the channel quality may be whether the channel is busy, the duty ratio, etc., and the usage of other neighboring access devices may include: whether other neighboring access devices can cooperate with the channel or the like.
  • the access device may use the cooperative available channel of the cooperative access device as its own transmission channel for transmitting data, and one channel may access multiple access devices at the same time, thereby improving spectrum utilization. , reducing network congestion.
  • the access device can also use the available channel, the cooperative available channel, and the guard interval between the two as a transmission channel, which can form a continuous net spectrum, realize large-bandwidth transmission, further improve spectrum utilization and reduce Network congestion.
  • different cooperative transmission modes can not only effectively improve spectrum utilization, but also support cooperation between access devices with different bandwidths, enhance system robustness, and effectively suppress interference and increase network. Throughput.
  • the access device competes for obtaining the channel used by itself.
  • the mechanism by which the rights and cooperative access devices compete to obtain the right to use the channel can be referred to.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of basic channel access rules in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, different frame spacings in IEEE 802.11 are SIFS.
  • SIFS Short Inter-Frame Space
  • PIFS Point Coordination Function Inter-Frame Space
  • DIFS DIFS
  • SIFS is used to separate the frames that need to respond and their corresponding response frames, such as: data frame and ACK (correct) response, RTS
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a SIFS delay in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the delay time includes a decoding delay of a frame (Rx) received by a PHY (Physical Layer).
  • a specific SIFS duration can be defined by the aSIFSTime parameter.
  • the SIFS duration defined by the aSIFSTime parameter is 164 ⁇ seconds ( s).
  • the length of other IFS (Inter-Frame Space) is SIFS plus an integer multiple of the slot time, and the transmission time starts at the edge of the slot.
  • the duration of a particular PH Y can be defined by the aS lotTime parameter.
  • the duration of the aSlotTime parameter is 9 microseconds.
  • the access priority of the PIFS is second only to the SIFS, and is used to obtain priority access to the channel, for example: Beacon.
  • Access devices such as: APs or STAs use PIFS delay to obtain access to the channel to transmit beacons, start a non-contention period; or if no expected response frames are received within a non-contention period, then Obtain access to the channel.
  • DIFS by The STAs running under the DCF are used to transmit data frames and management frames.
  • the AP or STA that is ready to send data transmission selects a random backoff count as the backoff duration, and delays according to the backoff count.
  • the random backoff count is a pseudo-random integer selected from the mean sentence distribution of the interval [0, CW].
  • the initial value of the CW (Contention Window) parameter is CWmin, which is doubled after each unsuccessful MPDU (MAC protocol data unit) transmission. For example: CW becomes twice as large as the ACK response frame corresponding to one data frame each time. If CW reaches the system set maximum value CWmax, CWmax is maintained until it is reset.
  • the CW can be reset to CWmin after each successful transmission of the MPDU.
  • the values of CW, CWmin and CWmax can be reduced by 1 ( 2 n - l ).
  • the values of CWmin and CWmax are specified according to the PHY used. For example: In the PHYs of IEEE 802.1 1 a, 802.1 1 g, and 802.1 1 ⁇ , the value of CWmin is 15 and the value of CWmax is 1023. Thus, the value of CW starts from 15, and after each MPDU transmission is unsuccessful, the next higher power of 2 is subtracted by 1 (that is, the value of CW is multiplied by 2) until 1023 or every time the MPDU transmission is successfully reset to 15.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a random backoff mechanism in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the channel is first subjected to a certain duration, for example: "DIFS+""Retractiontime" of the interception, to the channel ⁇ ⁇ , a CCA (Clear Channel Assessment), the duration is called DCF (Distributed Coordination Function) frame spacing, that is, DIFS (DCF Inter-Frame) Space, DCF frame spacing).
  • DCF Distributed Coordination Function
  • the AP or STA considers that it can use the channel to transmit data.
  • the AP or STA waits for the channel to become idle, delays the DIFS duration, and continues to wait for the random backoff duration.
  • the AP or STA If the channel remains idle after the end of the backoff period, the AP or STA considers that it can transmit on the channel.
  • STA3 which is the site with the smallest random backoff count value, is selected to win the competition and start transmission first.
  • the remaining stations suspend their own random backoff counts, waiting for the channel to become idle again.
  • the station STA4 After the channel becomes idle again and waits for DIFS, the station STA4 that selects the random backoff count value is selected to access the channel for transmission.
  • the STA2 which has the largest random backoff count value, finally accesses the channel for transmission.
  • STA 1 may select a random backoff count from the entire CW, which may be more than the random backoff count remaining at the station that has suspended the backoff count in the previous access competition, such as STA 2.
  • the values are large.
  • the station that initiates the communication can start a short control frame exchange sequence using a modulatable RTS (Request to Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) frame to enhance the robustness of the collision detection mechanism. .
  • RTS/CTS mechanism can effectively solve hidden Vietnamese node problem.
  • carrier sensing can be used to determine if a channel is available. 802.11 has two carrier monitoring functions: physical carrier monitoring and virtual carrier monitoring. As soon as one of the listening functions considers the medium to be busy, the MAC reports the result to the higher layer protocol.
  • the physical carrier monitoring function is provided by the physical layer, depending on the medium and modulation method used.
  • Virtual carrier monitoring can be implemented by Network Allocation Vector (NAV).
  • 802.11 frames can contain a Duration field, which indicates the duration, used to reserve a media usage time.
  • NAV itself is a timer that can be used to specify how much time is expected to occupy the medium or channel, in seconds.
  • the AP or STA can set the NAV to the expected time of use, including all frames that must be used to complete the entire operation. Other APs or STAs count down the value of NAV to zero.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the NAV principle in the second channel access method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bar graph on the NAV line is a NAV timer.
  • the NAV can be carried by the frame header of the RTS frame and the CTS frame. If a NAV bar graph appears on the NAV line, the AP or STA delays access to the medium because the virtual carrier sensing mechanism will indicate that the medium is busy.
  • the AP or STA at the transmitting end includes NAV in its RTS frame to prevent other STAs from accessing the channel when transmitting RTS frames.
  • NAV is zero. However, since not every AP or STA on the network receives these RTS frames, the AP or STA at the receiving end will return a CTS frame response to the RTS frame.
  • the NAV is also included in the CTS frame, but the NAV in the CTS frame is shorter than the time in the RTS frame. The use of NAV can prevent other APs or STAs from accessing the channel during transmission until the end of the transmission process during the NAV period. Once the entire process is completed, Line access, that is, enter the competition window shown in Figure 5.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an access device and other access devices are used as an access device, and the access device is an AP.
  • the cooperative access device is AP2, and the AP2 may be one or more, and the present invention is not limited.
  • the API determines the final available channel bandwidth by listening to the channel that it has accessed and the channel of the adjacent and capable AP2. When AP I discovers an accessible channel, it can first access the channel. After accessing the channel, the AP I listens to each neighboring AP and confirms whether the neighboring AP can cooperate with the AP.
  • the adjacent AP2 is an AP that can cooperate, and the AP I further interacts with the information of the AP2 to confirm whether the channel that the AP2 has obtained the usage right can be used by itself. If it is possible, the channel that AP2 is competing for the right to use is the cooperative available channel of AP I. Then, the AP I can also determine whether the AP2 cooperative available channel and its own contention have obtained the right to use the channel, that is, whether the available channel is adjacent to itself. If adjacent, the AP I can also use its own available channel, guard interval, and AP2.
  • the cooperative available channels are collectively used as their own transmission channel; if not adjacent, AP I can use its own available channel and cooperative available channel by carrier aggregation.
  • the channel access method in the second embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
  • Step 301 The AP I listens to the channel, discovers and accesses the accessible channel.
  • the AP I when the AP I listens to and selects an accessible channel, it can determine which channel(s) to access based on the channel quality and/or the situation in which its neighboring APs use the channel.
  • the APs may have one or more neighboring APs, and the AP I may access one or more channels.
  • the channel quality may be a parameter such as whether the channel is busy or duty cycle.
  • the case where the neighboring AP uses the channel includes: whether the neighboring AP is a cooperative AP or the like.
  • AP I Before accessing the channel, AP I scans the monitored channel to find the n channels that are least busy, such as the first n channels with the lowest duty cycle. Then, AP 1 listens to its neighboring APs to determine whether the neighboring APs are potential cooperative APs. If yes, the channels currently accessed by each neighboring AP, such as channel a, channel b, channel i, and the like, may be obtained. Then, if it is judged that: the channel i accessed by a neighboring AP is the adjacent channel of the channel j (0 ⁇ j ⁇ n) in the first n channels with the lowest duty ratio, the AP I can preferentially access the channel. j, Establish BSS (Basic Service Set).
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • Step 302 The AP 1 listens to each neighboring AP, and determines whether the neighboring AP is a cooperative AP that can cooperate with the channel.
  • the AP2 is used as the cooperative AP.
  • AP I listens to the PPDU sent by the neighboring AP, and determines whether the AP2 is a cooperative AP.
  • the method for determining whether AP2 is a cooperative AP is as follows:
  • Method 1 Determine according to the address information, where the address information may be a BSSID;
  • the AP I can obtain the BSSID of the neighboring AP2 by solving the MAC frame header, and determine whether the AP2 is a cooperative AP according to the B S SID.
  • the partial B S S ID of the physical layer may be added to identify the B S S ID of the AP2.
  • the AP 1 may obtain the partial BSSID of the neighboring AP2 by decomposing the PPDU of the physical layer, and determine whether the AP2 is a cooperative AP according to the partial BSSID.
  • the partial BSSID is a function of the BSSID.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial BSSID in the channel access method according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, for example, 39-47 bits in the BSSID may be used as the partial BSSID, and the physical solution is solved.
  • the PPDU of the layer can obtain the BSS ID information of the AP2.
  • the AP 1 can obtain the BSSID information by parsing the PPDU of the physical layer, and does not need to parse the MAC, and can quickly find out whether the neighboring AP2 is a coordinated AP.
  • AP2 is an AP that can cooperate with AP I.
  • Step 303 The AP (AS) performs interaction with the AP2 that can cooperate with the DS (Distribution System) to establish a cooperative relationship, establish a cooperative relationship of the shared channel, and negotiate to determine the cooperative transmission mode, such as determining to adopt JT. Any one of the cooperative transmission modes such as CS/CB, IA, and direct transmission may be different depending on the bandwidth used by AP I and AP2.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of distribution of an AP and a STA in a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • STA3, STA4, STA5, and STA6 are in the OBSS (Overlapping Basic Service Set) area of AP I and AP2, and STA1 and STA2 are in the exclusive areas of AP I and AP2, respectively.
  • OBSS Overlapping Basic Service Set
  • the AP I can utilize the channel currently accessed by the AP2.
  • AP2 uses the current access channel of AP I, there may be cases where other APs also use the channel currently accessed by AP 1, so that AP2 cannot use the channel currently accessed by AP I, or AP2 can only access 20 MHz for legacy stations. The case of bandwidth. This may result in inconsistent bandwidth available between AP 1 and AP2.
  • AP I and AP2 can adopt the following cooperative transmission modes:
  • Case 1 AP I and AP2 use the same channel.
  • the available channel that AP I is currently accessing is available to AP2, and the cooperative available channel currently accessed by AP2 is also available to AP I.
  • the guard intervals can also be used together.
  • AP I and AP2 can adopt cooperative transmission methods such as JT, CS/CB and IA.
  • AP 1 and AP 2 in the non-OB SS area can adopt cooperative transmission methods such as CS/CB, IA, and traditional non-precoding direct transmission (does not generate mutual interference).
  • Case 2 AP I and AP2 use different channels.
  • the available channel of AP I's current access is not available to AP2, and the bandwidth used by the two APs is different. If the channels of the two APs are adjacent, the AP I can use the inter-channel guard interval and the cooperative access channel of the current access of the AP2, and the AP2 can only maintain the cooperative available channel originally accessed by the AP2.
  • AP I and AP2 can adopt cooperative transmission modes such as CS/CB and IA.
  • AP I and AP2 can use CS/CB, IA, and traditional non-pre-coded direct transmission (no mutual interference).
  • a P 1 can determine whether to share channel resources and how to share channel resources according to the NAV information of the channel on which the intercepted party competes for the right to use and the information of the channel that is competing for itself. Specifically, if the cooperatively APs compete for the N A V of the used channel to be greater than a certain threshold, A P 1 may mark the channel in which the cooperative AP competes to use the right as the transport channel.
  • the AP I sends the information on the channel that the user is competing for the right to use and the channel of the cooperative AP; if the AP I does not compete for the self-connection For the right to use the incoming channel, AP 1 cooperates with the cooperative AP to use the cooperative AP to compete for the channel for obtaining the right to use. If the NAV of the cooperative AP is less than a certain threshold, the API will abandon the channel currently accessed by the cooperative AP during the transmission, and use the channel that it is currently accessing according to its own contention. Specifically, the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 304 The AP 1 competes for the channel in the channel it accesses, and simultaneously monitors the situation in which the AP2 competes for the channel.
  • AP I can be based on the partial BSSID letter in the above PPDU.
  • the information or the BSS ID information of the MAC frame header determines whether the PPDU is sent by the AP2. If yes, the NAV information of the AP2 is determined from the PPDU sent by the AP2.
  • Step 305 After the API monitors that the AP2 has obtained the channel usage right, it determines the channel currently used by the AP 2. If the N AV of the AP 2 is less than a certain threshold, step 306 is performed; if the NAV of the AP2 is greater than Or equal to or equal to a certain threshold, step 307 is performed.
  • Step 306 The API currently abandons the channel that the AP2 has obtained the usage right, and performs step 308.
  • the channel acts as a cooperative available channel and is labeled as the transport channel of the API. Then, step 311 can be directly performed for data transmission, and step 309 can also be performed.
  • Step 308 The API determines, according to the information of the contention channel of the competition, whether the API obtains the right to use the current access channel. If the API obtains the right to use the current access channel, the current access channel is available for itself. Channel, the API will simultaneously mark the transmission channel of the transmission as the API. Then, step 311 can be performed for data transmission, or step 309 can be performed. Otherwise, step 308 is repeated after ending the process or continuing to compete for the channel.
  • timing of the API contention channel and the AP2 competition channel there is no limitation on the timing of the API contention channel and the AP2 competition channel, and may be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
  • Step 309 The API determines whether the available channel of the available channel and the AP2 are adjacent channels. If yes, go to step 310, otherwise go to step 311.
  • Step 310 The API marks the guard interval between the available channel of itself and the cooperative available channel of AP2 as a transport channel.
  • the bandwidth of the guard interval between channels in the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited, and may be an integer multiple of 20 MHz or 20 MHz, or may be other values.
  • the guard interval may have different bandwidths.
  • IEEE 802.11 works on a bandwidth of 20Mhz
  • a 40MHz bandwidth channel is introduced in 802.1 In. 802. 1 l ac introduces a 160MHz bandwidth consisting of a continuous 80MHz bandwidth and two non-contiguous 80MHz bandwidths.
  • the combination is shown in Figure 9.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of different bandwidth combinations in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the spectrum template is developed in the standard.
  • the bandwidth of the guard interval needs to meet the requirements of the spectrum template.
  • the large bandwidth transmission mode in 802.1 I n and 802.1 1 ac can improve throughput and impose high requirements on spectrum opportunities.
  • APs or STAs based on the new standard may find a relatively high-speed continuous 40MHz or 80MHz spectrum for high-throughput transmission.
  • a dense density of APs or STAs based on the new standard or in the case of a legacy user who can only support 20 MHz bandwidth transmission, almost all idle available spectrum is occupied, based on the new standard. It is difficult for an AP or STA to find a thousand consecutive 40MHz or 80MHz spectrum, making the high-throughput performance of the new standard AP or STA difficult to reflect.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of channel usage in a channel access method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • AP 1 is communicating on channel 1 12
  • AP 2 is communicating on channel 120.
  • channel 1 16 is equivalent
  • the guard interval between the two if the AP3 adjacent to them is listening to the CCA channel 116, since the AP I has the frequency sneak leak channel 116 on the channel 112 and the AP2 channel 120, it may result in the busy result of the channel 116. In fact, the channel 116 is idle, and the frequency transmission on the channel 112 and the channel 120 is leaked, causing the channel 116 to be unclean, resulting in waste of spectrum resources.
  • the channel access method in the embodiment of the present invention can utilize the guard interval between channels to easily obtain large bandwidth transmission.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a guard interval used in a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • AP 1 establishes a BSS by competing to access the left available channel (channel 112).
  • the AP2 that can cooperate with it is the right cooperative available channel (channel 120).
  • AP I's own available channel and AP2's cooperative available channel are adjacent available channels, and there is a guard interval between the two channels ( Channel 116), after performing step 313, the AP I may mark its own available channel, the cooperative available channel that AP2 is using, and the guard interval between the two channels as the transmission channel.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a NAV in a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the AP I competes to obtain the right to use the channel 112, and finds that the AP2 occupying the channel 120 is adjacent thereto. Cooperating with the AP, and the AP2 competes for the right to use the channel 120, and the NAV value of the AP2 is relatively long. For example, the NAV value of the AP2 is greater than the NAV value of the AP1. If the guard interval between the channel 112 and the channel 120 is the channel 116, Then AP I can use channel 112, channel 1 16 and channel 120 as transport channels. If channel 112, channel 116, and channel 120 are separated by 20 MHz, AP 1 can transmit data over a bandwidth of 60 MHz.
  • Step 311 The AP 1 and the AP2 negotiate to start the coordinated transmission, and perform the data transmission on the marked transmission channel by using the cooperative transmission mode determined in the foregoing step 303.
  • AP I transmits on the transmission channel according to the cooperative transmission mode negotiated with AP2 after determining the transmission channel.
  • the AP in addition to using the self-available channel that the user has obtained the right to use, the AP may also use the cooperative cooperative channel of the neighboring cooperative AP to obtain the cooperative available channel for the use right, thereby improving spectrum utilization. rate.
  • the guard interval between the channels can be fully utilized, thereby further improving the spectrum utilization rate; thereby reducing network congestion and improving network performance.
  • the partial BSSID parameter is introduced in the PPDU of the physical layer, and the AP only needs to parse the PPDU of the neighboring AP physical layer to quickly find out whether the neighboring cooperative AP has a channel.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can support multiple different coordinated transmission modes, and the AP and its cooperating APs can adopt different cooperative transmission modes according to different available bandwidths, which are effective.
  • the spectrum utilization is improved, and the cooperation between different bandwidth APs is supported, the robustness of the system is enhanced, the interference is effectively suppressed, and the network throughput is increased.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the access device includes:
  • a cooperative device determining module 41 configured to determine another access device capable of using the channel with the cooperative as the cooperative access device
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 is configured to monitor a usage status of a channel accessed by the cooperative access device, and determine, in a channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a collaboration. Available channel;
  • a data transmission module 45 configured to transmit a signal including the cooperative available channel The channel performs data transmission.
  • the access device may perform corresponding steps in the channel access method of the foregoing embodiment, and may refer to related descriptions in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 monitors the usage status of the channel accessed by the cooperative access device. And determining, in the channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a cooperative available channel, and after marking the cooperative available channel as a transport channel, the data transmission module 45 can perform data transmission on the transport channel, so that A channel may access multiple access devices at the same time, which improves spectrum utilization and reduces network congestion.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and components in FIG. 14 having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 13 have the same functions.
  • the main difference between the access device and the access device shown in FIG. 13 is that, in one mode, the cooperative device determining module 41 of the access device may include:
  • the parsing sub-module 41 1 is configured to parse the physical layer convergence process protocol data unit PPDU and/or the media access control MAC frame header of the other access device, and obtain address information of the other access device, where the address information is Includes basic service set identifiers;
  • the first determining sub-module 413 is configured to determine the other access device as the cooperative access device if the address information is included in a cooperative access set of the access device.
  • the collaboration device determining module 41 may further include: a monitoring submodule 415, configured to listen to obtain a service set identifier of the other access device;
  • a second determining submodule 417 configured to: if the service of the other access device is set And identifying, by the access device, the extended service set to which the service set identifier belongs to support coordinated transmission, and determining the other access device as the coordinated access device.
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 may be configured to: if the network access vector of the channel in which the cooperative access device competes for obtaining the usage right is greater than or equal to a set threshold, the cooperative access device is competitively obtained. The channel of the usage right is determined to be the cooperative available channel.
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 is further configured to: if the access device competes for obtaining the right to use the channel accessed by itself, the access device competes for obtaining the right to use itself
  • the channel and the cooperative available channel are jointly determined as the transport channel.
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 may include:
  • the first transport channel determining sub-module 43 1 is configured to: if the self-available channel is adjacent to the cooperative available channel, use the self-available channel and the cooperative available channel together with a guard interval between the two The transmission channel;
  • a second transmission channel determining sub-module 433, configured to use the carrier aggregation mode and the cooperative available channel as a carrier channel if the self-available channel is not adjacent to the cooperative available channel.
  • the data transfer module 45 can include:
  • the cooperative transmission mode determining sub-module 45 1 is configured to negotiate with the cooperative access device to determine a cooperative transmission mode
  • the data transmission sub-module 453 is configured to perform data transmission on the transmission channel by using the cooperative transmission mode.
  • the specific method for determining the cooperative transmission mode by the cooperative transmission mode determination sub-module can be divided into the following cases:
  • Case 1 If the access device and the cooperative access device use the same channel used for transmitting data, the site in the overlapping basic service set area is Any one of the joint transmission, CS/CB or interference-aligned cooperative transmission mode is adopted as the cooperative transmission mode; for sites outside the overlapping basic service set areas, CS/CB, interference alignment or direct transmission is adopted. Any one of the cooperative transmission modes as the cooperative transmission mode;
  • Case 2 If the access device and the cooperative access device use different channels for transmitting data, the CS/CB or the interference-aligned cooperative transmission mode is adopted for the sites in the overlapping basic service set areas. Any one of the cooperative transmission modes is adopted, and any one of the CS/CB, the interference alignment, or the direct transmission cooperative transmission mode is adopted as the cooperative transmission mode for the sites that are outside the overlapping basic service set regions.
  • the access device may further include:
  • the access module 5 1 is configured to determine, according to the monitored channel quality and/or the usage of the neighboring access devices, the channel accessed by the access device.
  • the cooperative channel determining module 43 monitors the usage status of the channel accessed by the cooperative access device. And determining, in the channel used by the cooperative access device, a channel that can be used by the access device as a cooperative available channel, and after marking the cooperative available channel as a transport channel, the data transmission module 45 can perform data transmission on the transport channel, so that A channel may access multiple access devices at the same time, which improves spectrum utilization and reduces network congestion.
  • the first transport channel determining sub-module 43 1 of the access device may also use its own available channel and the cooperative available channel as the transport channel, which may improve spectrum utilization; the second transport channel determining sub-module 433 may use its own available channel,
  • the cooperative available channel and the guard interval between the two serve together as a transmission channel, which can form a continuous thousand-thousand frequency spectrum, realize large-bandwidth transmission, further improve spectrum utilization, and reduce network congestion.
  • the cooperative transmission mode determining sub-module 451 adopts different coordinated transmission modes for different situations, which not only can effectively improve spectrum utilization, but also support cooperation between access devices with different bandwidths, thereby enhancing system robustness. Effectively suppresses interference and increases network throughput.
  • the channel access method and the access device according to the embodiment of the present invention are applicable to the field of wireless communication, and are particularly applicable to a scenario of a wireless local area network, wherein the wireless local area network may include: an access device and a station.
  • AP I and AP2 are access devices
  • STA 1 to STA6 are sites.
  • the access device may adopt the specific structure of the access device in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the access device may use the channel access method in the foregoing embodiment, utilize the cooperative available channel of the cooperative access device, or simultaneously use the guard interval as the transmission channel and perform data transmission.
  • a channel may access multiple access devices at the same time; thus, it can improve spectrum utilization and reduce network congestion.
  • the function is implemented in the form of computer software and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it is considered to some extent that all or part of the technical solution of the present invention (for example, a part contributing to the prior art) is It is embodied in the form of computer software products.
  • the computer software product is typically stored in a computer readable storage medium, including thousands of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of various embodiments of the present invention. .
  • the foregoing storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), and a random access memory.
  • a medium that can store program code such as a RAM (Random Access Memory), a disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种信道接入方法和接入设备,其中,该方法包括:接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协作接入设备;所述接入设备监听所述协作接入设备所接入的信道的使用状态,并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道;以及所述接入设备在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进行数据传输。本发明实施例接入设备可以将协作接入设备的协作可用信道作为自己的传输信道,用以传输数据,一个信道可能同时接入多个接入设备,提高了频谱利用率,降低了网络拥塞。

Description

信道接入方法和接入设备 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域, 尤其涉及无线局域网场景中的 信道接入方法和接入设备。 背景技术
随着通信相关技术的发展, 基于 IEEE 802.11标准的\¥1^^ ( Wireless Local Area Network, 无线局域网 ) 技术得到广泛的 应用, 这是因为: 一方面, 移动运营商现有的网络难以承载巨 大的数据业务流量, 需要 WLAN网络进行有效分载 ( offload ); 另一方面, WLAN网络低廉的费用吸引着越来越多的用户选择 WLAN网络进行数据业务交互。
WLAN网络使用的是免授权(unlicensed ) 频段。 这种开放 的频段在频谱使用方面难以得到 QoS ( Quality of Service , 服务 质量) 保障, 而且频谱资源有限。 并且, 随着支持 WLAN技术 的便携电脑、 智能手机等智能终端的普及率越来越高, WLAN 频段日益拥塞。 因此, 当前, WLAN网络技术的发展与演进主 要以提升频谱使用效率和千扰管理能力为主要目标。
IEEE 802.11中采用基于 CSMA/CA ( Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoid, 带碰撞避免的载波侦听多址接入 ) 机制, 通过竟争的方式多址接入信道, 避免冲突。 随机退避机 制可有效避免碰撞情况的出现。 具体而言, 当网络负载较大时, 多个 AP或 STA需要同时在某一信道上发送数据时, 由于某一时 刻只能有一个 AP或 STA接入该信道, 而其他 AP或 STA则需要等 待该信道变成空闲状态。 这时可能出现多个 AP或 STA同时准备 接入该信道的状态。 上述带碰撞避免的载波侦听机制通过使得需要传输数据的
AP或 STA依次接入信道, 并尽量减少同时接入信道的碰撞冲 突, 在 AP或 STA数目较少时, 可以有效保证***正常运行。 然 而, 在 AP或 STA数目较多时, 由于信道接入的排他性, 每一时 刻只能有一个 AP或 STA接入信道, 导致频谱利用率不高, 容易 出现网络拥塞。 发明内容
本发明要解决是在 WLAN中设备接入和使用信道时没有充 分利用信道资源的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题, 根据本发明的实施例, 在第一方 面, 提供了一种信道接入方法, 包括:
接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为 协作接入设备;
所述接入设备监听所述协作接入设备所接入的信道的使用 状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述接入 设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道; 以及
所述接入设备在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进行数 据传输。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述接入设备 将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协作接入设 备, 包括:
所述接入设备解析所述其它接入设备的物理层会聚过程协 议数据单元 PPDU和 /或媒体接入控制 MAC帧头, 获得所述其它 接入设备的地址信息, 所述地址信息包括基本服务集标识符; 若所述地址信息包含在所述接入设备的协作接入集合中, 则所述接入设备将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设 备。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述将所述协 作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述接入设备使用的信道确 定为协作可用信道, 包括:
所述接入设备监听获得所述其他接入设备的服务集标识 付;
若所述其他接入设备的服务集标识符与所述接入设备相同 且该服务集标识符所归属的扩展服务集支持协作传输, H 'J将所 述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设备。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述将所述协 作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述接入设备使用的信道确 定为协作可用信道, 包括:
若所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道的网络分配 矢量大于或等于设定阈值, 则将所述协作接入设备竟争获得了 使用权的信道确定为所述协作可用信道。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 该方法还包括: 若所述接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则 将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作 可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述将所述接 入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作可用信道 共同确定为所述传输信道, 包括:
若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述 自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共 同作为所述传输信道;
若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所 述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道采用载波聚合的方式作为 所述传输信道。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述接入设备 在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进行数据传输包括:
所述接入设备采用与所述协作接入设备协商确定的协作传 输方式, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述接入设备 采用与所述协作接入设备协商确定的协作传输方式, 在所述传 输信道进行数据传输, 包括:
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道相同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用联 合发送、 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所 述传输信道进行数据传输; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外 的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的 任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输;
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道不同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信 道进行数据传输; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输。
结合第一方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述接入设备 将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协作接入设备 之前, 包括:
根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述其它接入设备的 使用情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
在第二方面, 本发明提出了一种接入设备, 包括:
协作设备确定模块, 用于将能够与其协作使用信道的其它 接入设备确定为协作接入设备;
协作信道确定模块, 用于监听所述协作接入设备所接入的 信道的使用状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够 被所述接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道; 以及
数据传输模块, 用于在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道 进行数据传输。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作设备 确定模块包括:
解析子模块, 用于解析所述其它接入设备的物理层会聚过 程协议数据单元 PPDU和 /或媒体接入控制 MAC帧头, 获得所述 其它接入设备的地址信息, 所述地址信息包括基本服务集标识 付;
第一确定子模块, 用于若所述地址信息包含在所述接入设 备的协作接入集合中, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作 接入设备。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作设备 确定模块包括:
监听子模块, 用于监听获得所述其他接入设备的服务集标 识符;
第二确定子模块, 用于若所述其他接入设备的服务集标识 符与所述接入设备相同且该服务集标识符所归属的扩展服务集 支持协作传输, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设 备。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作信道 确定模块用于: 若所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道 的网络分配矢量大于或等于设定阈值, 则将所述协作接入设备 竟争获得了使用权的信道确定为所述协作可用信道。 结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作信道 确定模块还用于:
若所述接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则 将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作 可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作信道 确定模块包括:
第一传输信道确定子模块, 用于若所述自身可用信道与所 述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用 信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共同作为所述传输信道;
第二传输信道确定子模块, 用于若所述自身可用信道与所 述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可 用信道采用载波聚合的方式作为所述传输信道。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述数据传输 模块包括:
协作传输方式确定子模块, 用于与所述协作接入设备协商 确定协作传输方式;
数据传输子模块, 用于采用所述协作传输方式, 在所述传 输信道进行数据传输。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 所述协作传输 方式确定子模块具体用于:
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道相同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用联 合发送、 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种作为所 述协作传输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种 作为所述协作传输方式; 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道不同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用
CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种作为所述协作传 输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种作为 所述协作传输方式。
结合第二方面, 在一种可能的实施方式中, 该接入设备还 包括:
接入模块, 用于根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述其 它接入设备的使用情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
发明的效果
通过接入设备可以将协作接入设备的协作可用信道作为自 己的传输信道, 用以传输数据, 本发明实施例一个信道可能同 时接入多个接入设备, 提高了频谱利用率, 降低了网络拥塞。
才艮据下面参考附图对示例性实施例的详细说明, 本发明的 其它特征及方面将变得清楚。 附图说明
包含在说明书中并且构成说明书的一部分的说明书附图 与说明书一起示出了本发明的示例性实施例、 特征和方面, 并 且用于解释本发明的原理。
图 1为本发明实施例一信道接入方法的流程图;
图 2为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中基本信道接入规则 的示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 S I F S延迟的示意图; 图 4为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中随机退避机制的示 意图; 图 5为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 NAV原理的示意图; 图 6为本发明实施例二信道接入方法的流程图;
图 7为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 partial BSSID的示 意图;
图 8为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 AP与 STA的分布示 意图;
图 9为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中不同带宽组合的示 意图;
图 10为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中信道使用的示意 图;
图 11为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中使用保护间隔的示 意图;
图 12为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 NAV的示意图; 图 13为本发明实施例三接入设备的结构示意图;
图 14为本发明实施例四接入设备的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
以下将参考附图详细说明本发明的各种示例性实施例、 特 征和方面。 附图中相同的附图标记表示功能相同或相似的元 件。 尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面, 但是除非特别指 出, 不必按比例绘制附图。
在这里专用的词"示例性 "意为 "用作例子、 实施例或说明 性"。 这里作为"示例性 "所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于 或好于其它实施例。
另外, 为了更好的说明本发明, 在下文的具体实施方式中 给出了众多的具体细节。 本领域技术人员应当理解, 没有这些 具体细节, 本发明同样可以实施。 在另外一些实例中, 对于大 家熟知的方法、 手段、 元件和电路未作详细描述, 以便于凸显 本发明的主旨。 实施例一
图 1为本发明实施例一信道接入方法的流程图,如图 1所示, 该信道接入方法包括:
步骤 101、接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设 备确定为协作接入设备;
具体地, 确定协作接入设备具体可以包括采用以下方式: 方式一、 据地址信息确定;
具体地,所述接入设备可以解析所述其它接入设备的 P P D U ( Physical Layer Convergence Procedure Protocol Data Unit , 物 理层汇聚过程协议数据单元) 和 /或 MAC ( Medium Access Control , 媒体接入控制) 帧头, 获得所述其它接入设备的地址 信息;
若所述地址信息包含在所述接入设备的协作接入集合中, 则所述接入设备将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设 备;
其中, 所述地址信息可以包括 BSSID ( Basic Service Set Identifier , 基本服务集标识符); 具体地, 接入设备可以在物理 层的 PPDU中通过基本服务集标识符设置地址信息,这样解析物 理层的 PPDU就可以获得地址信息, 不需要解析 MAC, 实现速 度快。 当然也可以不在物理层增加地址信息, 而解析 MAC帧头 中的基本服务集标识符也可以实现。
其中, 所述接入设备的协作接入集合可以为预先设置的集 合, 也可以是接入设备根据自己收集的邻近的接入设备的信息 生成的。 方式二、 根据 SSID ( Service Set Identifier , 服务集标识符) 确定;
具体地, 所述接入设备监听到所述其他接入设备的服务集 标识符后, 若所述其他接入设备的服务集标识符与所述接入设 备相同且该服务集标识符所归属的 ESS( Extended Service Set , 扩展服务集) 支持协作传输, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所 述协作接入设备。
接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为 协作接入设备后, 可以通过交互与该协作接入设备建立共享信 道的协作关系。
步骤 102、接入设备监听所述协作接入设备所接入的信道的 使用状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述 接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道;
其中, NAV ( Network Allocation Vector , 网络分配矢量) 可以表示设备能够占用其竟争获得使用权的信道的时间, 如果 某设备占用某个信道 N AV的值较大, 表示该设备能占用该信道 的时间较长, 该信道作为传输信道的利用率也较高。 接入设备 监听到其它接入设备的情况后, 如果其它接入设备接入一个信 道, 并竟争获得了该信道的使用权, 可以根据其它接入设备竟 争获得了使用权的信道的 N AV判断是否能够利用该信道, 具体 地, 可以预先一个阈值, 若所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用 权的信道的 NAV大于或等于设定阈值, 则将所述协作接入设备 竟争获得了使用权的信道确定为协作可用信道。 其中, 该设定 阈值可以为预先设定, 例如: 才 据具体的组网和实现设定一个 固定值, 该设定阈值也可以是才 据具体情况随时改变的, 例如: 接入设备每次将自身的 NAV值确定为该设定阈值, 本发明实施 例中不做具体限制。 进一步地, 如果接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使 用权, 则将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和 所述协作可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道, 具体可以包括以 下情况:
情况一、 若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道以及二者之间的保 护间隔共同作为所述传输信道;
情况二、若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道采用载波聚合的方 式作为所述传输信道。 其中, 载波聚合是指聚合两个或者以上 基本载波, 以满足宽带需求。 本发明实施例中采用载波聚合可 以将多个不连续的信道共同作为传输信道, 具体的载波聚合方 法可以采用多种实现方式, 在此不进行限定。
步骤 103、接入设备在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进 行数据传输。
具体地, 接入设备与其协作接入设备所采用的带宽可能相 同, 也可能不同。 接入设备在确定某一接入设备为协作接入设 备后, 可以先与所述协作接入设备协商确定协作传输方式, 然 后在确定传输信道之后, 采用所述协作传输方式, 在所述传输 信道进行数据传输。 其中, 接入设备采用与所述协作接入设备 协商确定的协作传输方式, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输, 具 体可以包括以下情况:
情况一、 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所 使用的信道相同,则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 JT ( Joint Transmission , 联合发送)、 CS/CB ( Coordinated scheduling/beamforming, 十办同调度 /协同 波束赋形 ) 或 IA ( Interference Alignment , 千扰对齐)协作传输方式中的任意一 种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输; 对处于二者重叠基本服务 集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输 方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输;
情况二、 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所 使用的信道不同,则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传 输信道进行数据传输; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站 点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意 一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输。
此外, 在步骤 101之前, 还可以包括: 步骤 100、 接入设备 根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述其它接入设备的使用 情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
其中, 信道质量可以为信道是否繁忙、 占空比等, 邻近的 其它接入设备的使用情况可以包括: 邻近的其它接入设备是否 能够与其协作使用信道等。
本发明实施例信道接入方法, 接入设备可以将协作接入设 备的协作可用信道作为自己的传输信道, 用以传输数据, 一个 信道可能同时接入多个接入设备, 提高了频谱利用率, 降低了 网络拥塞。 进一步地, 接入设备还可以将自身可用信道、 协作 可用信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共同作为传输信道, 可以形 成连续千净的频谱, 实现大带宽传输, 进一步提高了频谱利用 率并减轻了网络拥塞。 此外, 采用不同的协作传输方式, 不但 可以有效提高频谱利用率, 还可以支持采用不同带宽的接入设 备之间的协作, 增强了***的鲁棒性, 并且能有效抑制千扰, 增大网络吞吐量。
实施例二
本发明实施例中接入设备竟争获得自身接入的信道的使用 权和协作接入设备竟争获得信道的使用权的机制可以参照
IEEE相关协议的规定, 具体说明如下。
图 2为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中基本信道接入规则 的示意图, 如图 2所示, 在 IEEE 802.11中不同的帧间距 SIFS
( Short Inter-Frame Space,短中贞间 巨 )、 PIFS( Point Coordination Function Inter-Frame Space, 点十办调功能帧间 巨) 和 DIFS具有 不同的信道优先接入等级。 其中, SIFS用于隔开需要响应的帧 及其对应的响应帧, 例如: 数据帧和 ACK (正确) 响应, RTS
( Request to Send, 请求发送 ) /CTS ( Clear to Send, 允许发送 ) 响应。 SIFS需要在满足合理实现的各种延迟时间的前提下尽可 能得短, 以减少多余的***开销, 造成浪费。 图 3为本发明实施 例二信道接入方法中 SIFS延迟的示意图, 如图 3所示, 延迟时间 包括 PHY ( Physical Layer, 物理层) 中解调所接收到的帧( Rx ) 的解码延迟、 MAC中对所接收到的帧的处理延迟、 建立响应帧 的时间以及发射机发送响应 ( Tx) 的启动时间。 如图 2和图 3所 示,一个特定 ΡΗΥ的 SIFS时长可以由 aSIFSTime参数定义。其中, IEEE 802.11a、 802.1 lg以及 802.1 In的 PHY中, aSIFSTime参数 定义的 SIFS时长是 164敖秒 ( s)。 其它 IFS ( Inter-Frame Space, 帧间距) 的时长为 SIFS加上整数倍的时隙长度 ( Slot time), 传 输时刻在时隙边缘开始。 一个特定 PH Y的时长可以由 aS lotTime 参数定义。 其中, 在 IEEE 802.11a、 802.1 lg以及 802.1 In的 PHY 中, aSlotTime参数定义的时长是 9微秒。 其中, PIFS的接入优 先级仅次于 SIFS, 并被用以取得对信道的优先接入, 例如: 信 标( Beacon)。 PIFS时长的定义为 "PIFS=aSIFSTime+aSlotTime"。 接入设备例如: A P或 S T A利用 P I F S后延以获得对信道的接入以 发送信标, 开始一个无竟争周期; 或者如果在一个无竟争周期 内没有收到期望的响应帧, 则重新获得信道的接入。 DIFS由在 DCF下运行的 STA用来传输数据帧与管理帧, DIFS时长的定义 为 " DIFS=aSIFSTime+2 X aSlotTime,,。 使用 DCF的 AP或 STA如 果判断在 DIF S时长内信道为空闲, 或者使用 DCF的 AP或 STA正 确接收一个帧后, 则继续判断在 D I F S之后的剩余的退避时长内 信道是否空闲。 如果空闲, 则使用 DCF的 AP或 STA接入信道进 行传输。
当信道从繁忙转为空闲时, 可能会同时有多个 AP或 STA准 备发送数据。 为了减小碰撞冲突, 准备发送数据传输的 AP或 S T A选择一个随机退避计数作为退避时长, 按照该退避计数进 行后延。 该随机退避计数是从区间 [0, CW]的均句分布中选取 的一个伪随机整数。 其中, CW ( Contention Window , 竟争窗 口 )参数的初始值为 CWmin ,在每次出现不成功的 MPDU( MAC protocol data unit , MAC协议数据单元)传输之后翻一倍。例如: 每次没有收到对应于一个数据帧的 ACK响应帧时, CW变成原 来的两倍。 如果 CW达到***设定的最大值 CWmax , 则一直保 持 CWmax , 直到被重置为止。 CW可以在每次成功发送 MPDU 之后被重新置为 CWmin。 其中, CW、 CWmin以及 CWmax的值 可以取 2的次幕减 1 ( 2n- l )。 在 DCF中, CWmin与 CWmax的值根 据所使用的 PHY指定。 例如: 在 IEEE 802. 1 1 a、 802. 1 1 g以及 802. 1 1η的 PHY中, CWmin的值为 15, CWmax的值为 1023。 这样 CW的值从 15开始, 在每次 MPDU传输不成功后取下一个 2的更 高的次冪减 1 (即 CW的值乘以 2 ), 直到 1023或每次 MPDU传输 成功后重置为 15。
在一个随机退避过程开始时, AP或 STA首先在 [0, CW]范 围内选取一个随机退避计数。 在 DIFS时长之后, 如果 DIFS时长 内某一信道被判断为空闲, 则所有的 AP或 STA都开始进行随机 退避计数。 如果该信道在一个退避时长内变成繁忙, 则退避过 程被挂起。 如果该信道在一个 DIFS时长内重新变为空闲, 则继 续开始随机退避计数。图 4为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中随 机退避机制的示意图。 如图 4所示, 在竟争接入信道的方式下, 当一个 STA ( Station , 站点) 或 AP ( Access Point , 接入点) 需 要发送数据时, 首先通过对信道进行一定时长例如: " DIFS+退 避时长" 的侦听, 以对信道^ ί故出一个 CCA ( Clear Channel Assessment, 信道可用评估), 该时长称为 DCF ( Distributed Coordination Function , 分布协调功能) 帧间距, 即 DIFS ( DCF Inter-Frame Space , DCF帧间距)。 如果经由 CCA确认该信道空 闲,则 AP或 STA认为其可以使用该信道发送数据。如果经由 CCA 确认该信道繁忙, 则 AP或 STA 等待该信道变成空闲状态后, 后延 DIFS时长, 并且继续等待随机退避时长。 如果该信道在退 避时长结束后保持空闲, 则 AP或 STA认为其可以在该信道上进 行传输。 当多个 STA在进行后延并进入随机退避计数时, 选择 随机退避计数值最小的站点即 STA3, 贏得竟争并且首先开始传 输。 其余站点将自身的随机退避计数挂起, 等待该信道重新变 为空闲。 在该信道重新变为空闲且等待 DIFS之后, 选择随机退 避计数值次小的站点 STA4接入信道进行传输。 以此类推, 随机 退避计数值最大的站点 STA2最后接入信道进行传输。 另外, 如 果 STA 1是新接入的站点, 它从整个 CW中选择的随机退避计数, 可能比已经在之前的接入竟争中将退避计数挂起的站点如 S T A 2所剩余的随机退避计数值都大。
为了降低冲突几率, 发起通信的站点可以使用可调制的 RTS ( Request to Send , 请求发送 ) /CTS ( Clear to Send , 允许 发送) 帧开始一个短控制帧交换序列, 以增强碰撞检测机制的 强健性。 该操作通过设置发送端与接收端周边站点的 N AV,可以 降低碰撞概率, 节省功率开销。 RTS/CTS机制可以有效解决隐 藏节点问题。 在 IEEE 802.11中, 通过载波监听可以判断信道是 否可用。 802.11具备两种载波监听功能: 物理载波监听和虚拟 载波监听。 只要其中一个监听功能认为媒介处于繁忙状态, MAC就会将此结果汇报给较高层的协议。 其中, 物理载波监听 功能由物理层提供, 取决于所采用的媒介和调制方式。 虚拟载 波监听可以通过网络分配矢量 (NAV ) 实现, 802.11的帧中可 以包含一个 Duration字段, 表示持续时间, 用来预订一段媒介 使用时间。 此外, NAV本身是一个定时器, 可以用来指定预计 要占用媒介或信道多少时间, 以 ^敖秒计。 AP或 STA可以将 NAV 设定为预计使用的时间,包括完成整个操作必须用到的所有帧。 其它 AP或 STA则倒数 NAV的值至零。
当 NAV的值不为零时, 虚拟载波监听功能显示媒介处于繁 忙状态; 当 NAV的值为零时, 虚拟载波监听功能显示媒介处于 闲置状态。 利用 NAV可以保证 STA的基本操作不被中断。 图 5为 本发明实施例二信道接入方法中 NAV原理的示意图, 如图 5所 示, NAV线上的条状图为 NAV定时器。 NAV可以由 RTS帧和 CTS 帧的帧头承载, 如果在 NAV线上出现 NAV条状图, AP或 STA就 延迟访问媒介, 因为虚拟载波监听机制将会指示媒介处于繁忙 状态。为了确保整个过程不被中断,发送端的 AP或 STA在其 RTS 帧中包含 NAV, 以防止发送 RTS帧时其它 STA对信道进行访问。
NAV为零。 然而, 由于不是网络上的每一个 AP或 STA都会收到 这些 RTS帧, 因此接收端的 AP或 STA会对 RTS帧返回 CTS帧响 应。 CTS帧中也包含 NAV, 不过 CTS帧中的 NAV比 RTS帧中的时 间短。利用 NAV可以防止其它 AP或 STA在传输过程中访问信道, 直到在 NAV时段的传输过程结束为止。 一旦完成整个过程, 经 行访问, 即进入图 5所示的竟争窗口。
图 6为本发明实施例二信道接入方法的流程图,如图 6所示, 实施例二中以接入设备和其它接入设备为接入设备为例进行说 明, 假设接入设备为 AP 1, 协作接入设备为 AP2, 其中 AP2的可 以为一个或者多个, 本发明不做限制。 API通过监听自 己接入 的信道和邻近且能够协作的 AP2的信道, 确定最终可用的信道 带宽。 AP I发现可接入的信道时, 可以首先接入该信道。 接入 信道后, AP I监听各个邻近的 AP, 确认邻近的 AP是否可以协作 的 AP。 假设邻近的 AP2是可以协作的 AP, 则 AP I通过进一步与 AP2的信息交互,确认 AP2竟争获得了使用权的信道是否可以被 自己使用。 如果可以, 则 AP2竟争获得了使用权的信道就是 AP I 的协作可用信道。 然后, AP I还可以判断 AP2的协作可用信道与 自己的竟争获得了使用权的信道即自身可用信道是否相邻, 如 果相邻, 则 AP I还可以将自身可用信道、保护间隔和 AP2的协作 可用信道共同作为自己的传输信道; 如果不相邻, 则 AP I可以 通过载波聚合的方式使用 自身可用信道和协作可用信道。 具体 地, 本发明实施例二的信道接入方法可以包括以下步骤:
步骤 301、 AP I监听信道, 发现并接入可接入的信道。
具体地, AP I在监听并选择可接入的信道时, 可以才 据信 道质量和 /或其邻近 AP使用信道的情况, 来确定接入哪个 (些) 信道。 其中, AP I的邻近 AP可以为一个或者多个, AP I可接入 的信道也可以是一个或者多个。 其中, 信道质量可以为信道是 否繁忙、 占空比等参数。 邻近 AP使用信道的情况包括: 邻近 AP 是否是协作 AP等。
例如: AP I在接入信道前, 先对监听到的信道进行扫描, 寻找最不繁忙的 n个信道, 如占空比最低的前 n个信道。 然后, AP 1对其邻近 AP进行监听, 判断邻近 AP是否是潜在的协作 AP, 如果是, 则可以获取各个邻近 AP当前接入的信道如: 信道 a、 信道 b、 信道 i等。 然后, 如果判断得出: 某一邻近 AP接入的信 道 i是占空比最低的前 n个信道中的信道 j(0<j < n)的相邻信道, 则 AP I可以优先接入信道 j, 建立 BSS ( Basic Service Set , 基本 服务集)。
步骤 302、 AP I监听各个邻近的 AP, 确定邻近的 AP是否是 能够与其协作使用信道的协作 AP, 本实施例中以 AP2作为协作 AP进行示例说明。
例如: AP I监听邻近 AP发送的 PPDU, 判断使用该 AP2是否 是协作 AP。 其中, 判断 AP2是否是协作 AP的方式如下:
方式一、 根据地址信息判断, 其中地址信息可以为 BSSID;
AP I可以通过解 MAC帧头获取邻近的 AP2的 BSSID ,并根据 B S SID判断 AP2是否是协作的 AP。
也可以在物理层的 PPDU中增加 partial B S S ID来标识 AP2的 B S S ID, AP 1可以通过解物理层的 PPDU获取邻近的 AP2的 partial BSSID , 并根据 partial BSSID判断 AP2是否是协作的 AP。
该 partial BSSID是 BSSID的函数, 图 7为本发明实施例二信 道接入方法中 partial BSSID的示意图, 如图 7所示, 例如: 可以 采用 BSSID中的 39-47比特作为 partial BSSID , 通过解物理层的 PPDU可以得到该 AP2的 B S S ID信息; AP 1可以通过解析物理层 的 PPDU获取 BSSID信息, 不需要解析 MAC, 可以更加快速的发 现邻近的 AP2是否是协作 AP。
例如: 如果 AP2的 BSSID在 AP I预先设定的协作集合内, AP2都是可以与 AP I协作的 AP。
方式二、 根据 SSID判断;
例如: 如果邻近 AP的 SSID与 AP I的 SSID相同, 且该 SSID 所归属的 ESS支持协作传输。 步骤 303、 AP I通过 DS ( Distribution System , 分布式***) 与可以协作的 AP2进行是否建立协作关系的信息交互, 建立共 享信道的协作关系, 并协商确定所采用的协作传输方式, 如确 定采用 JT、 CS/CB、 IA、 直接发送等协作传输方式中的任意一 种, 具体应用时, 可以根据 AP I和 AP2所使用的带宽不同而有所 不同。
其中, AP I和 AP2所采用的带宽可能相同也可能不同, 在 AP 1在接入信道且和邻近的 AP2建立协作关系后, AP 1与 AP2协 商协作传输方式时, 可以先确定带宽相同和不同时所采用的具 体的协作传输方式, 在后续执行协作传输时, 根据确定的协作 传输方式进行数据传输。 例如: 图 8为本发明实施例二信道接入 方法中 AP与 STA的分布示意图,如图 8所示。 STA3、 STA4、 STA5 和 STA6处于 AP I与 AP2的 OBSS ( Overlapping Basic Service Set , 重叠基本 良务集) 区域, STA1和 STA2分别处于 AP I和 AP2的独 属区域。
在 AP I接入信道后, 通过协作关系的建立, AP I可以利用 AP2当前接入的信道。 在 AP2利用 AP I当前接入信道时, 可能存 在其他 AP也利用 AP 1当前接入的信道的情况, 而使得 AP2不能 利用 AP I当前接入的信道, 或者 AP2为 legacy站点只能接入 20MHz带宽的情况。这会导致 AP 1和 AP2的可用带宽可能会不一 致。 根据 AP I与 AP2各自可用带宽的情况, AP I和 AP2可以采用 如下的协作传输方式:
情况一、 AP I与 AP2使用相同的信道。
这种情况下, AP I当前接入的自身可用信道对于 AP2可用, AP2当前接入的协作可用信道对于 AP I也可用。 如果两个 AP的 信道相邻, 信道间还包括保护间隔, 保护间隔也可以一起使用。 在这种情况下, 对于二者 OBSS区域内的 STA3、 STA4、 STA5和 STA6 , AP I与 AP2可以采用 JT、 CS/CB和 IA等协作传输方式。 对于非 OB S S区域的 STA 1和 STA2, AP 1与 AP2可以采用 C S/CB、 IA和传统的非预编码方式的直接发送 (不会产生相互千扰) 等 协作传输方式。
情况二、 AP I与 AP2使用不同的信道。
这种情况下, AP I的当前接入的自身可用信道对于 AP2不可 用, 两个 AP所采用的带宽不相同。 如果两个 AP的信道相邻, AP I可以使用信道间保护间隔和 AP2的当前接入的协作可用信 道, 而 AP2只能保持使用 AP2原来接入的协作可用信道。 对于二 者 OBSS区域内的 STA3、 STA4、 STA5和 STA6, AP I与 AP2可以 采用 CS/CB和 IA等协作传输方式。 对于二者非 OBSS区域的 STA 1和 STA2, AP I与 AP2可以采用 CS/CB、 IA和传统的非预编 码方式的直接发送 (不会产生相互千扰) 等协作传输方式。
然后, A P 1可以根据监听到的对方竟争到使用权的信道的 NAV信息以及自己竟争信道的信息, 确定是否共享信道资源以 及如何共享信道资源。 具体地, 如果可以协作的 AP竟争到使用 权的信道的 N A V大于某个设定阈值, A P 1可以将协作 A P竟争到 使用权的信道标记为传输信道。 此时, 如果 AP I也竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则 AP I在自己竟争获得使用权的信 道和协作 AP的信道上发送信息; 如果 AP I没有竟争获得自身接 入的信道的使用权, 则 AP 1与协作 AP协作使用协作 AP竟争获得 了使用权的信道。 如果协作 AP的 NAV小于一定的阈值, 则 API 此次传输过程中放弃使用协作 AP当前接入的信道, 只根据自己 竟争的情况来使用 自己当前接入的信道。 具体可以包括以下步 骤:
步骤 304、 AP I在其接入的信道中竟争信道,并同时监听 AP2 竟争信道的情况。 AP I可以根据上述 PPDU中的 partial BSSID信 息或者 MAC帧头的 B S S ID信息, 确定该 PPDU是否由 AP2发送, 如果是, 则从 AP2发送的 PPDU中确定 AP2的 NAV信息。
步骤 305、 当 API监听到 AP2竟争获得了信道使用权后, 判 断 A P 2当前使用的信道的情况,如果 A P 2的 N AV小于某一设定阈 值, 则执行步骤 306; 如果 AP2的 NAV大于或等于或者等于某一 阈值, 则执行步骤 307。
步骤 306、 API当前放弃使用 AP2竟争获得了使用权的信道, 执行步骤 308。 的信道作为协作可用信道, 并标记为 API的传输信道。 然后可 以直接执行步骤 311进行数据传输, 也可以执行步骤 309。
步骤 308、 API根据自己竟争信道的信息, 判断 API是否竟 争获得了当前接入信道的使用权, 如果 API竟争获得了当前接 入信道的使用权, 则当前的接入信道为自身可用信道, API将 用信道同时标记为 API发送传输的传输信道。 然后可以执行步 骤 311进行数据传输, 或者执行步骤 309。 否则结束流程或者继 续竟争信道后重复执行步骤 308。
本发明实施例中,对于 API竟争信道和 AP2竟争信道的时序 没有限制, 可以同时, 也可以分先后执行。
步骤 309、 API判断自身可用信道和 AP2的协作可用信道是 否是相邻的信道。 如果是, 则执行步骤 310, 否则执行步骤 311。
步骤 310、 API将自身可用信道和 AP2的协作可用信道之间 的保护间隔标记为传输信道。
本发明实施例信道之间的保护间隔的带宽大小不做具体限 定, 可以是 20MHz或者 20MHz的整数倍, 也可以是其他数值, 对于不同的应用, 保护间隔可能有不同的带宽。 例如: IEEE 802. 1 1工作在 20Mhz的带宽上, 802. 1 In中引入了 40MHz带宽的 信道。 802. 1 l ac中引入了连续 80MHz带宽和两个非连续 80MHz 带宽组成的 160MHz的带宽, 其组合形式如图 9所示。 图 9为本发 明实施例二信道接入方法中不同带宽组合的示意图。 不论是连 续的 20MHz、 40 MHz还是 80MHz, 标准中都制定了频谱模板。 保护间隔的带宽需要满足频谱模板的要求。实际的传输过程中, 除了需要满足标准中的频谱模板要求外, 还需要满足各个国家 和地区的发射功率限制,以减小对其它信道和通信***的千扰。
在 802.1 I n和 802. 1 l ac中的大带宽的传输模式, 可以提高吞 吐量, 也对频谱机会提出了较高的要求。 在 AP或 STA较少或者 通信环境较为理想的情况下, 基于新标准的 A P或 S T A有可能找 到较为千净的连续 40MHz或者 80MHz的频谱, 进行高吞吐量的 传输。 然而, 在基于新标准的 AP或 STA的密度较大的情况下, 或者存在只能够支持 20MHz带宽传输的传统 ( legacy ) 用户的 情况下, 几乎所有的空闲可用频谱都被占用, 基于新标准的 AP 或 STA很难找到千净的连续 40MHz或者 80MHz的频谱, 使得新 标准 AP或 STA的高吞吐量的性能很难体现。 同时, 在 unlicensed 频段的信道, AP或 STA在接入信道时, 会监听这些指定带宽的 信道是否空闲, 以免产生碰撞冲突。 然而, 由于 WiFi终端的成 本低,即使在满足地区发射功率限制和标准中的频谱屏蔽要求, WiFi终端在发射过程中还是会有大量的频潜泄露到相邻信道 上。 在 AP或 STA距离较近, 或者布网密度较大时, 这些泄漏到 道为忙的状态, 从而不能使用相邻的信道, 即使该相邻的信道 实际上是空闲的。 图 10为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中信道 使用的示意图, 如图 10所示, 如果 AP I和 AP2 巨离较近, AP I正 在信道 1 12上通信, AP2在信道 120上通信, 其中, 信道 1 16相当 于是二者之间的保护间隔。 这时如果与它们邻近的 AP3在监听 CCA信道 116, 由于 AP I在信道 112和 AP2信道 120上有频潜泄露 道信道 116上, 可能得出信道 116繁忙的结果。 而事实上信道 116 是空闲的, 信道 112和信道 120上的频傳泄露, 造成信道 116的不 千净, 导致频谱资源浪费。 本发明实施例的信道接入方法, 可 以利用信道之间的保护间隔, 容易获得大带宽传输。
图 11为本发明实施例二信道接入方法中使用保护间隔的示 意图, 如图 11所示, AP I通过竟争接入左边的自身可用信道(信 道 112 ) 建立 BSS。 可以与其协作的 AP2竟争接入的是右边的协 作可用信道(信道 120 ), 如果 AP I的自身可用信道和 AP2的协作 可用信道为相邻可用信道, 并且两个信道中间有一个保护间隔 (信道 116 ), 执行步骤 3 13后, AP I可以将自己竟争到的自身可 用信道, AP2正在使用的协作可用信道以及两个信道中间的保 护间隔都标记为传输信道。 具体地, 图 12为本发明实施例二信 道接入方法中 NAV的示意图, 如图 12所示, AP I竟争获得了信 道 112的使用权, 同时发现占用信道 120的 AP2为其邻近的可协 作 AP, 并且 AP2竟争获得了信道 120的使用权, 且 AP2的 NAV值 比较长例如: AP2的 NAV值大于 AP I的 NAV值, 如果信道 112和 信道 120之间的保护间隔为信道 116, 则 AP I可以将信道 112、 信 道 1 16和信道 120—起作为传输信道。 如果信道 112、 信道 116和 信道 120分另' J是 20 MHz, 则 AP 1可以在 60MHz的带宽上进行数据 发送。
步骤 311、 AP I和 AP2协商开始协作传输, 并采用上述步骤 303中协商确定的协作传输方式在其标记的传输信道进行数据 传输。
对于需要同步的协作传输方式例如: JT方式, AP I与 AP2 协商协作传输的开始时间后, 两者按照之前协商好的协作传输 模式在各自的传输信道上进行传输。 对于不需要同步的协作传 输方式例如: CS/CB、 IA和直接发送的方式, AP I在确定传输 信道后按照之前与 AP2协商好的协作传输模式在传输信道上进 行传输。
本发明实施例信道接入方法, AP除了使用 自 己竟争获得 了使用权的自身可用信道外, 还可以利用邻近的协作 AP的竟争 获得了使用权的协作可用信道进行传输, 提高了频谱利用率。
此外,在协作 AP的协作可用信道与 AP的自身可用信道相邻 时, 还可以充分利用信道间的保护间隔, 进一步提高了频谱利 用率; 从而减轻了网络拥塞, 提升了网络性能。
进一步地, 在物理层的 PPDU中引入 partial BSSID参数, AP 只需解析邻近 AP物理层的 PPDU, 就可以快速发现邻近的协作 AP是否竟得信道。
更进一步地, 针对 AP和 STA位置区域的不同, 本发明实施 例可以支持多种不同的协作传输模式, AP与其协作 AP间根据各 自可利用带宽的不同, 可以采用不同的协作传输模式, 不但有 效提高了频谱利用率, 还可以支持不同带宽 AP之间的协作, 增 强了***的鲁棒性, 有效抑制千扰, 增大网络吞吐量。
实施例三
图 13为本发明实施例三接入设备的结构示意图, 如图 13所 示, 该接入设备包括:
协作设备确定模块 41, 用于将能够与其协作使用信道的其 它接入设备确定为协作接入设备;
协作信道确定模块 43, 用于监听所述协作接入设备所接入 的信道的使用状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能 够被所述接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道; 以及
数据传输模块 45, 用于在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信 道进行数据传输。
具体地, 该接入设备可以执行上述实施例信道接入方法中 的相应步骤, 具体可以参照上述实施例中的相关描述。
本发明实施例接入设备协作设备确定模块 41将能够与其协 作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协作接入设备后, 协作信道 确定模块 43监听协作接入设备所接入的信道的使用状态, 并将 该协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被该接入设备使用的信道 确定为协作可用信道, 将协作可用信道标记为传输信道后, 数 据传输模块 45可以在传输信道进行数据传输, 这样, 一个信道 可能同时接入多个接入设备, 提高了频谱利用率, 降低了网络 拥塞。
实施例四
图 14为本发明实施例四接入设备的结构示意图, 图 14中标 号与图 13相同的组件具有相同的功能。 如图 14所示, 与图 13所 示的接入设备相比, 接入设备的主要区别在于, 一种方式中, 该接入设备的协作设备确定模块 41可以包括:
解析子模块 41 1,用于解析所述其它接入设备的物理层会聚 过程协议数据单元 PPDU和 /或媒体接入控制 MAC帧头, 获得所 述其它接入设备的地址信息, 所述地址信息包括基本服务集标 识符;
第一确定子模块 413,用于若所述地址信息包含在所述接入 设备的协作接入集合中, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协 作接入设备。
另一种方式中, 协作设备确定模块 41还可以包括: 监听子模块 415,用于监听获得所述其他接入设备的服务集 标识符;
第二确定子模块 417,用于若所述其他接入设备的服务集标 识符与所述接入设备相同且该服务集标识符所归属的扩展服务 集支持协作传输, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入 设备。
进一步地, 协作信道确定模块 43可以用于: 若所述协作接 入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道的网络分配矢量大于或等于设 定阈值, 则将所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道确定 为所述协作可用信道。
再进一步地, 该协作信道确定模块 43还可以用于: 若所述 接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则将所述接入 设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作可用信道共 同确定为所述传输信道。
具体地, 协作信道确定模块 43可以包括:
第一传输信道确定子模块 43 1,用于若所述自身可用信道与 所述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可 用信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共同作为所述传输信道;
第二传输信道确定子模块 433,用于若所述自身可用信道与 所述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作 可用信道采用载波聚合的方式作为所述传输信道。
此外, 数据传输模块 45可以包括:
协作传输方式确定子模块 45 1,用于与所述协作接入设备协 商确定协作传输方式;
数据传输子模块 453, 用于采用所述协作传输方式, 在所述 传输信道进行数据传输。
协作传输方式确定子模块确定协作传输模式的具体方法, 可以分为以下情况:
情况一、 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所 使用的信道相同,则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用联合发送、 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种 作为所述协作传输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的 站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任 意一种作为所述协作传输方式;
情况二、 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所 使用的信道不同,则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种作为所述协 作传输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种作为 所述协作传输方式。
此外, 该接入设备还可以包括:
接入模块 5 1, 用于根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述 其它接入设备的使用情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
本发明实施例接入设备协作设备确定模块 41将能够与其协 作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协作接入设备后, 协作信道 确定模块 43监听协作接入设备所接入的信道的使用状态, 并将 该协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被该接入设备使用的信道 确定为协作可用信道, 将协作可用信道标记为传输信道后, 数 据传输模块 45可以在传输信道进行数据传输, 这样, 一个信道 可能同时接入多个接入设备, 提高了频谱利用率, 降低了网络 拥塞。
进一步地,接入设备的第一传输信道确定子模块 43 1还可以 将自身可用信道、 协作可用信道作为传输信道, 可以提高频谱 利用率; 第二传输信道确定子模块 433可以将自身可用信道、 协 作可用信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共同作为传输信道, 可以 形成连续千净的频谱, 实现大带宽传输, 进一步提高了频谱利 用率, 减轻了网络拥塞。 此外,协作传输方式确定子模块 451针对不同情况采用不同 的协作传输方式, 不但可以有效提高频谱利用率, 还可以支持 采用不同带宽的接入设备之间的协作, 增强了***的鲁棒性, 有效抑制千扰, 增大网络吞吐量。
才艮据本发明实施例所提供的信道接入方法和接入设备可应 用于无线通信领域, 尤其适用于无线局域网的场景, 其中, 无 线局域网可以包括: 接入设备和站点。 参见图 8, AP I和 AP2是 接入设备, STA 1到 STA6是站点。 其中, 接入设备可以采用上 述实施例中接入设备的具体结构。 在接入设备向站点下行传输 的过程中, 接入设备可以采用上述实施例中的信道接入方法, 利用协作接入设备的协作可用信道、 或者同时利用保护间隔作 为传输信道并进行数据传输, 一个信道可能同时接入多个接入 设备; 因此能够提高频谱利用率, 减轻网络拥塞。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到, 本文所描述的实施例中 的各示例性单元及算法步骤, 能够以电子硬件、 或者计算机软 件和电子硬件的结合来实现。 这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件形 式来实现, 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 专业 技术人员可以针对特定的应用选择不同的方法来实现所描述的 功能, 但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
如果以计算机软件的形式来实现所述功能并作为独立的产 品销售或使用时, 则在一定程度上可认为本发明的技术方案的 全部或部分 (例如对现有技术做出贡献的部分) 是以计算机软 件产品的形式体现的。 该计算机软件产品通常存储在计算机可 读取的存储介质中, 包括若千指令用以使得计算机设备 (可以 是个人计算机、 服务器、 或者网络设备等) 执行本发明各实施 例方法的全部或部分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括 U盘、 移动 硬盘、 只读存储器 (ROM, Read-Only Memory )、 随机存取存 储器 ( RAM, Random Access Memory )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种 可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护 范围并不局限于此, 也可以考虑将发明应用于 LTE-A的异构网 络中, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范 围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围 之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围 为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种信道接入方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为 协作接入设备;
所述接入设备监听所述协作接入设备所接入的信道的使用 状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述接入 设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道; 以及
所述接入设备在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进行数 据传输。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的信道接入方法, 其特征在于, 所 述接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协 作接入设备, 包括:
所述接入设备解析所述其它接入设备的物理层会聚过程协 议数据单元 PPDU和 /或媒体接入控制 MAC帧头, 获得所述其它 接入设备的地址信息, 所述地址信息包括基本服务集标识符; 若所述地址信息包含在所述接入设备的协作接入集合中, 则所述接入设备将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设 备。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的信道接入方法, 其特征在于, 所 述接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设备确定为协 作接入设备, 包括:
所述接入设备监听获得所述其他接入设备的服务集标识 付;
若所述其他接入设备的服务集标识符与所述接入设备相同 且该服务集标识符所归属的扩展服务集支持协作传输, H 'J将所 述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设备。
4、 根据权利要求 1 -3中任一项所述的信道接入方法, 其特 征在于, 所述将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够被所述 接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道, 包括:
若所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道的网络分配 矢量大于或等于设定阈值, 则将所述协作接入设备竟争获得了 使用权的信道确定为所述协作可用信道。
5、 根据权利要求 1 -4中任一项所述的信道接入方法, 其特 征在于, 还包括:
若所述接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则 将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作 可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的信道接入方法, 其特征在于, 所 述将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协 作可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道, 包括:
若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述 自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共 同作为所述传输信道;
若所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所 述自身可用信道与所述协作可用信道采用载波聚合的方式作为 所述传输信道。
7、 根据权利要求 1 -6中任一项所述的信道接入方法, 其特 征在于, 所述接入设备在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道进 行数据传输包括:
所述接入设备采用与所述协作接入设备协商确定的协作传 输方式, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的信道接入方法, 其特征在于, 所 述接入设备采用与所述协作接入设备协商确定的协作传输方 式, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输, 包括:
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道相同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用联 合发送、 协同调度 CS/协同波束赋形 CB或千扰对齐协作传输方 式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输; 对处于二者 重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐或直接 发送协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传 若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道不同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信 道进行数据传输; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种, 在所述传输信道进行数据传输。
9、 根据权利要求 1 -8中任一项所述的信道接入方法, 其特 征在于, 所述接入设备将能够与其协作使用信道的其它接入设 备确定为协作接入设备之前, 包括:
根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述其它接入设备的 使用情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
10、 一种接入设备, 其特征在于, 包括:
协作设备确定模块, 用于将能够与其协作使用信道的其它 接入设备确定为协作接入设备;
协作信道确定模块, 用于监听所述协作接入设备所接入的 信道的使用状态, 并将所述协作接入设备所使用的信道中能够 被所述接入设备使用的信道确定为协作可用信道; 以及
数据传输模块, 用于在包括所述协作可用信道的传输信道 进行数据传输。
1 1、 根据权利要求 10所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述 协作设备确定模块包括:
解析子模块, 用于解析所述其它接入设备的物理层会聚过 程协议数据单元 PPDU和 /或媒体接入控制 MAC帧头, 获得所述 其它接入设备的地址信息, 所述地址信息包括基本服务集标识 付;
第一确定子模块, 用于若所述地址信息包含在所述接入设 备的协作接入集合中, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作 接入设备。
12、 根据权利要求 10所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述 协作设备确定模块包括:
监听子模块, 用于监听获得所述其他接入设备的服务集标 识符;
第二确定子模块, 用于若所述其他接入设备的服务集标识 符与所述接入设备相同且该服务集标识符所归属的扩展服务集 支持协作传输, 则将所述其它接入设备确定为所述协作接入设 备。
13、 根据权利要求 10- 12中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征 在于, 所述协作信道确定模块用于: 若所述协作接入设备竟争 获得了使用权的信道的网络分配矢量大于或等于设定阈值, 则 将所述协作接入设备竟争获得了使用权的信道确定为所述协作 可用信道。
14、 根据权利要求 10- 13中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征 在于, 所述协作信道确定模块还用于:
若所述接入设备竟争获得了 自身接入的信道的使用权, 则 将所述接入设备竟争获得了使用权的自身可用信道和所述协作 可用信道共同确定为所述传输信道。
15、 根据权利要求 14中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征在 于, 所述协作信道确定模块包括:
第一传输信道确定子模块, 用于若所述自身可用信道与所 述协作可用信道相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可用 信道以及二者之间的保护间隔共同作为所述传输信道;
第二传输信道确定子模块, 用于若所述自身可用信道与所 述协作可用信道不相邻, 则将所述自身可用信道与所述协作可 用信道采用载波聚合的方式作为所述传输信道。
16、 根据权利要求 10- 15中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征 在于, 所述数据传输模块包括:
协作传输方式确定子模块, 用于与所述协作接入设备协商 确定协作传输方式;
数据传输子模块, 用于采用所述协作传输方式, 在所述传 输信道进行数据传输。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述 协作传输方式确定子模块具体用于:
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道相同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用联 合发送、 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种作为所 述协作传输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种 作为所述协作传输方式;
若所述接入设备与所述协作接入设备传输数据所使用的信 道不同, 则对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域内的站点, 采用 CS/CB或千扰对齐协作传输方式中的任意一种作为所述协作传 输方式; 对处于二者重叠基本服务集区域外的站点, 采用 CS/CB、 千扰对齐或直接发送协作传输方式中的任意一种作为 所述协作传输方式。
18、 根据权利要求 10- 17中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征 在于, 还包括:
接入模块, 用于根据监听到的信道质量和 /或邻近的所述其 它接入设备的使用情况, 确定所述接入设备接入的信道。
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