WO2014166596A1 - Systeme de climatisation pour véhicule - Google Patents

Systeme de climatisation pour véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014166596A1
WO2014166596A1 PCT/EP2014/000819 EP2014000819W WO2014166596A1 WO 2014166596 A1 WO2014166596 A1 WO 2014166596A1 EP 2014000819 W EP2014000819 W EP 2014000819W WO 2014166596 A1 WO2014166596 A1 WO 2014166596A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
heating
cooling
heat exchanger
additional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/000819
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael BENS
Michael Hafner
Original Assignee
Daimler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Ag filed Critical Daimler Ag
Publication of WO2014166596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014166596A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00914—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is a bypass of the condenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
    • B60H1/3211—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency of a vehicle refrigeration cycle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
    • B60H1/3213—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency in a vehicle heat pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32284—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising two or more secondary circuits, e.g. at evaporator and condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioning device for
  • a vehicle air conditioning device which comprises a cooling circuit, in which a coolant circulates, and a cooling circuit, in which a refrigerant circulates.
  • a cabin heat exchanger is also arranged, with the aid of which an air flow, which is to be supplied to a vehicle interior, can be tempered.
  • the refrigeration circuit contains in the usual way
  • Refrigerant compressor a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator.
  • the condenser is also integrated in the cooling circuit.
  • the evaporator is also incorporated in another cooling circuit of the vehicle air conditioning device, which is used to cool a drive battery of the vehicle, as
  • the cooling circuit is also equipped with an additional evaporator, with the aid of which the aforementioned air flow can be additionally cooled.
  • the present invention deals with the problem for a
  • Vehicle air conditioning device to provide an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a relatively high energy efficiency. Furthermore, the vehicle air conditioning device should preferably be suitable for a bus.
  • Heating heat exchanger for heating the vehicle interior to be supplied
  • cooling circuit Containing air flow, and a cooling circuit containing a cooling heat exchanger for cooling this air flow to thermally couple with each other via a refrigerant circuit, wherein also an additional heat exchanger is provided which can be assigned by means of a suitable interconnection either the heating circuit or the cooling circuit. Since the additional heat exchanger can be assigned fluidically by appropriate switching operations either the cooling circuit or the heating circuit or neither the cooling circuit nor the heating circuit, cooling circuit and heating circuit can operate with the same heat transfer medium, so that the heating means corresponds to the coolant. In particular, this is water, to which an antifreeze may be mixed. The use of the same heat transfer means simplifies the interconnection and in particular allows a fluid exchange between the heating circuit and the cooling circuit. Furthermore, the proposed construction with respect to the cooling circuit leads to a simplified structure, as this in many different
  • Operating conditions of the air conditioning device can be operated constantly or uniformly.
  • a heat exchanger module which contains the additional heat exchanger, the interconnection and the at least one heating heat exchanger and the at least one cooling heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger module the air conditioning device can be made easier.
  • relatively simple interfaces can be realized on such a module in order to connect the individual subcircuits running in the module fluidly.
  • a cooling module may be provided which contains the cooling circuit.
  • the refrigeration circuit can be realized extremely compact. In particular, therefore, only comparatively little refrigerant is required.
  • hermetically sealed mounting of the refrigeration circuit in the refrigeration module, which forms a separate module, is simplified. In particular, therefore, all are
  • the respective module can be configured as a roof extension module, so that it
  • the heat exchanger module can in particular also have a fan for generating an air flow through the additional heat exchanger. Likewise, that can
  • Heat exchanger module having a blower for generating the air flow to be tempered, which flows through a cooling heat exchanger and a heating heat exchanger.
  • the cooling circuit may be fluidically connected to a low-temperature cooling circuit, wherein a
  • Low-temperature switching device for controlling a fluid exchange between the cooling circuit and the low-temperature cooling circuit. In normal operating conditions, the temperature in the cooling circuit is different from the temperature in the cooling circuit
  • the temperature level in the cooling circuit is lower than in the low-temperature cooling circuit, so that the cooling circuit as
  • the low-temperature cooling circuit can serve, for example, for cooling power electronics and / or other electrical or electronic components of the vehicle. This applies in particular if the vehicle is an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle
  • Low-temperature cooling circuit to use, for example, to cool the cooling circuit faster or at excess cooling capacity of the cooling circuit cold in the
  • At least one additional cooling circuit can be provided, which is thermally coupled via an additional evaporator with the refrigerant circuit, wherein the respective additional evaporator is then incorporated appropriately both in the additional cooling circuit and in the cooling circuit.
  • the heat accumulating in the additional cooling circuit can be used favorably in the cooling circuit in order to heat the heating circuit.
  • an additional cooling circuit for example, a drive battery or
  • Cooling capacity can now be provided via the respective additional cooling circuit with the aid of the cooling circuit. It is clear that two or more such additional cooling circuits can be provided, which can be thermally coupled via a common or via a separate additional evaporator with the refrigerant circuit.
  • Evaporator in the refrigerant circuit are arranged in parallel flow through the refrigerant.
  • the two evaporators are connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the same low inlet temperature for the refrigerant is available to both refrigerant circuits. If at least such a switchable additional evaporator is present in the refrigerant circuit, it may be appropriate to the refrigerant compressor or
  • Equip refrigerant compressor with multiple power levels or variable power, for example, to increase the delivery capacity when connecting such an additional evaporator.
  • the heating circuit may be fluidically connected to a high temperature heating circuit, wherein a
  • High-temperature switching device for controlling a fluid exchange between the heating circuit and the high-temperature heating circuit. Since a fluid exchange is thus also possible between the heating circuit and the high-temperature heating circuit, the same heat transfer medium can also be used here. Usually, in normal operation of the air-conditioning device in the high-temperature heating circuit, a higher temperature level arises than in the heating circuit. With the help of
  • High temperature switching device can be targeted part of the
  • a partial flow can be performed on heat transfer medium from the high-temperature heating circuit through the heating circuit. Since there is at least one heating heat exchanger in the heating circuit, the partial flow of the high-temperature heating circuit routed through the heating circuit can be efficiently cooled or used for heating the air flow. Depending on the operating state of the air conditioning device, as explained above, the additional heat exchanger can also be integrated into the heating circuit, so that cooling of the partial flow of the partial flow is also possible via the additional heat exchanger High temperature heating circuit is possible. The cooled partial flow of the
  • Low temperature heating circuit can be referred to, via the condenser to
  • Cooling of the refrigerant can be used.
  • an electric or fossil auxiliary heater can be integrated. Furthermore, this high-temperature heating circuit may be thermally coupled to the aforementioned front box, for example by one
  • Additional capacitor may be provided, via which the high-temperature heating circuit is thermally coupled to the refrigerant circuit, wherein the respective additional capacitor is then integrated into the high-temperature heating circuit and in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the increased compared to the heating circuit or low-temperature heating circuit temperature of the high-temperature heating circuit for cooling the refrigerant can be used.
  • High temperature heating circuit incorporated additional capacitor upstream of the in the
  • Heating circuit integrated capacitor is arranged in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the additional capacitor lying at the higher temperature level of the high-temperature cooling circuit is first flowed through by the refrigerant, precooling and optionally at least partial condensation of the refrigerant.
  • the subsequent condenser which is at the lower temperature level of the heating circuit, then the residual cooling and preferably complete condensation of the refrigerant to a comparatively low temperature.
  • a two-stage cooling of the refrigerant is achieved in the refrigerant circuit, which is characterized by a particularly high efficiency.
  • a cold storage can be integrated into the cooling circuit.
  • a cold storage for example, as
  • Latent cold storage be designed. With the help of such a cold storage, a comparatively high heat or cold storage capacity can be created in the cooling circuit, whereby a homogenization of the operation is possible with changing operating conditions.
  • a heater may be incorporated into the heating circuit.
  • a heater can be operated for example by means of fossil fuels.
  • an electric heater is conceivable.
  • the above-mentioned interconnection with the aid of which the additional heat exchanger can be connected to the heating circuit or the cooling circuit, or with the help of the additional heat exchanger can be decoupled both from the heating circuit and the cooling circuit, can also be realized according to an advantageous embodiment so that so Also, the at least one heating heat exchanger decouple from the heating circuit or let it integrate. Likewise, the interconnection can be used to integrate the at least one cooling heat exchanger into the cooling circuit or to decouple it from it.
  • Air conditioning device to be equipped with a control device which is designed and / or programmed so that at least two different operating conditions can be set for the air conditioning.
  • this is a first heating state and a cooling state.
  • the control device can control the interconnection so that it incorporates the additional heat exchanger into the cooling circuit, which at least one
  • Cooling heat exchanger fluidically decoupled from the cooling circuit. This makes it possible to extract heat from an air flow which is passed through the additional heat exchanger, whereby the coolant can subsequently deliver more heat to the refrigerant in the evaporator.
  • the air flow which can be promoted by the additional heat exchanger, this is, for example, ambient air from an environment surrounding the vehicle, which is supported by means of a corresponding blower.
  • this air flow may also be an exhaust air flow which is sucked out of the vehicle interior and discharged into the environment with the aid of a corresponding blower, wherein the heat entrained therein can largely be transferred to the refrigerant via the additional heat exchanger and in the refrigerant circuit is usable for vaporizing the refrigerant.
  • the control device can control the interconnection so that it incorporates the additional heat exchanger in the heating circuit, the at least one Cooling heat exchanger einbindet in the cooling circuit and the at least one heating heat exchanger fluidically decoupled from the heating circuit.
  • the additional heat exchanger in the cooling circuit, the at least one Cooling heat exchanger einbindet in the cooling circuit and the at least one heating heat exchanger fluidically decoupled from the heating circuit.
  • comparatively much heat can be withdrawn from the heating medium via the additional heat exchanger and fed, for example, to an air flow conveyed through the additional heat exchanger. This airflow can be back to a
  • Temperature of the heating medium improves the condensation and thus the cooling of the refrigerant in the condenser of the refrigeration circuit.
  • the thus more cooled refrigerant can extract more heat in the evaporator, whereby it can extract more heat over the respective cooling heat exchanger for the air-flow intended for the vehicle interior, whereby this air flow is intensively cooled.
  • a first reheat state can be realized purely by way of example in which the interconnection incorporates the at least one heating heat exchanger into the heating circuit, integrates the at least one cooling heat exchanger into the cooling circuit and fluidically decouples the additional heat exchanger both from the heating circuit and from the cooling circuit.
  • the airflow intended for the vehicle interior can be dehumidified as needed.
  • the air flow in the respective cold heat exchanger is cooled below the condensation temperature of water, whereby the moisture can be removed from the air stream.
  • the air flow can now be brought back to the desired temperature to temper the vehicle interior with a dehumidified air flow.
  • a second reheat state can be realized in which, in addition to the first reheat state, a fluid exchange between the cooling circuit and the low-temperature cooling circuit takes place via a corresponding activation of the low-temperature switching device.
  • the "cold" stored in the low-temperature cooling circuit that is to say the heat absorption capacity contained in the low-temperature cooling circuit, can be used to cool the cooling circuit sufficiently to effect the desired dehumidification of the air flow.
  • the controller may be further configured to provide a second
  • Heating state allows, in which the interconnection of the at least one
  • Integral heating heat exchanger in the heating circuit the additional heat exchanger fluidically decoupled both from the heating circuit and the cooling circuit and the at least one Cooling heat exchanger fluidically decoupled from the cooling circuit, while in addition by a corresponding control of the low-temperature switching device, a fluid exchange between the cooling circuit and low-temperature cooling circuit can take place.
  • this second heating state for example, in the event that the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature in the low-temperature cooling circuit, its heat can be used to heat up the coolant in the cooling circuit upstream of the evaporator.
  • control device can be designed so that it enables a third heating state, which differs from the first heating state in that additionally takes place by a corresponding control of the low-temperature switching device, a fluid exchange between the cooling circuit and low-temperature cooling circuit.
  • both heat sources namely with the help of the additional heat exchanger, the heat of the ambient air and on the other hand, the heat in the coolant of the
  • FIGS. 1-6 each show a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a schematic diagram
  • Vehicle air conditioning device at different
  • a vehicle air-conditioning device 1 comprises a cooling circuit 2, a heating circuit 3 and a cooling circuit 4
  • Vehicle air conditioning device 1 is used in a vehicle, preferably in a bus, and serves to temper at least one
  • Air flow 5 which is supplied during operation of the air conditioning device 1 to an unspecified interior of the vehicle.
  • an application of the air-conditioning device 1 in a bus in this interior is a passenger compartment of the bus.
  • the cooling circuit 2 contains at least one
  • Cooling heat exchanger 6 In the example, two such cooling heat exchanger 6 are provided. The respective air stream 5 is passed through this cooling heat exchanger 6, so that with the aid of the cooling heat exchanger 6, the respective air stream 5 can be cooled.
  • the heating circuit 3 circulates a heating medium. In the heating circuit 3 is at least one
  • Integrated heating heat exchanger 7 In the example, two such heating heat exchanger 7 are integrated into the heating circuit 3. Both heating heat exchanger 7 serve to heat the air streams 5, which are also passed through the heating heat exchanger 7 for this purpose.
  • the refrigerant circuit 4 circulates a refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant compressor 8, a condenser 9, an expansion valve 10, an evaporator 11 and a refrigerant collector 12 are sequentially arranged in the flow direction of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigeration circuit 4 operates as a heat pump and can also be referred to as a heat pump cycle.
  • the condenser 9 is also fluidly separated media-integrated into the heating circuit 3.
  • the evaporator 11 is also media separated fluidly into the cooling circuit
  • the air conditioning device 1 presented here also comprises a
  • the interconnection 14 comprises the lines and control elements required for this, such as a plurality of 3/2-way valves 15.
  • the interconnection 14 is also designed so that it can decouple the additional heat exchanger 13 from both the heating circuit 3 and the cooling circuit 2.
  • circuit 14 can also be controlled so that the cooling heat exchanger 6 are decoupled from the cooling circuit 2 and that the heating heat exchanger 7 are decoupled from the heating circuit 3.
  • the additional heat exchanger 13 can be flowed through by an air flow 16, which may be, for example, an ambient air flow or an exhaust air flow.
  • the exhaust air flow can be sucked, for example, from the vehicle interior in the environment of the vehicle.
  • the heat contained therein or the heat absorption capacity contained therein can be used for heating or for cooling the respective fluid flowing through the additional heat exchanger 13.
  • the respective air flow 16 can be generated by means of a blower, which is not shown here and which is associated with the additional heat exchanger 13.
  • the air streams 5, which passes through the paired arrangement of the heating heat exchanger 7 and cooling heat exchanger 6, can be realized with the aid of appropriate additional blowers, which are also not shown here.
  • the air conditioning device 1 shown here comprises a heat exchanger module 17, which comprises the additional heat exchanger 13, the interconnection 14, the heating heat exchanger 7 and the cooling heat exchanger 6. Furthermore, the heat exchanger module 17 can also be arranged the aforementioned blower for generating the air streams 15, 16. In the example, a cooling module 18 is also provided, which contains the complete refrigerant circuit 4 including the components through which the refrigerant flows. about
  • the modules 17, 18 can be fluidly coupled together to fluidly connect the sections of the heating circuit 3 and the cooling circuit 2 contained therein.
  • the refrigerant circuit 2 includes a conveyor 20 for driving the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 2.
  • the refrigerant circuit 2 also includes a
  • Cold storage 21 which can be flowed through by means of a corresponding valve 22 from the refrigerant or via a cold storage bypass 49 flow around.
  • the cold storage 21 is arranged in a separate storage module 23, which is coupled in a suitable manner with the cold module 18 and with the heat exchanger module 17 fluidly.
  • At least one of the modules is as
  • Roof-mounted system designed to be mounted on a roof of the respective vehicle.
  • the cooling module 18 may be designed as a roof construction system.
  • the cooling circuit 2 is fluidly coupled via a corresponding flow 24 and a corresponding return 25 with a low-temperature cooling circuit 26. With the aid of a low-temperature switching device 27, a fluid exchange between the cooling circuit 2 and the low-temperature cooling circuit 26 can be controlled. in the
  • Low-temperature cooling circuit 26 is, for example, an electronic cooling, for Cooling electrical or electronic components of the vehicle.
  • Such electronic cooling can be particularly advantageous if the vehicle is an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle with electric drive.
  • At least one additional cooling circuit 28 may also be provided, which is thermally coupled to the cooling circuit 4 via an additional evaporator 29.
  • the auxiliary evaporator 29 is fluidly integrated both in the additional cooling circuit 28 and in the refrigerant circuit 4, but media-separated.
  • the additional evaporator 29 is an auxiliary expansion valve 30 upstream in the refrigerant circuit 4 and a switching valve 31 for switching on the additional evaporator 29.
  • the additional cooling circuit 28 may be thermally coupled, for example, with a front box 32 of the vehicle. Alternatively, the
  • Additional cooling circuit 28 may be thermally coupled to a battery of the vehicle, not shown here, to cool this battery.
  • battery cooling may be required in an electric vehicle or in a hybrid vehicle. It is also possible to provide two or more such additional cooling circuits 28.
  • Additional evaporator 29 and the evaporator 11 are arranged in the refrigerant circuit 4 so that they can be flowed through in parallel by the refrigerant.
  • the heating circuit 3 includes a conveyor 33 for driving the heating means in the heating circuit 3. Further, a heater 34 is arranged in the heating circuit 3, with the aid of which the heating means can be heated.
  • the heater 34 may be electrically or with a
  • the heating circuit 3 is also with a
  • High temperature heating circuit 35 fluidly connected.
  • For controlling a fluid exchange between the heating circuit 3 and the high-temperature heating circuit 35 is a
  • High-temperature switching device 36 which includes two 3/2-way valves 37 in the example.
  • the high-temperature heating circuit 35 can by a "cooling circuit" a
  • the high temperature heating circuit 35 may include a branch 38 that allows thermal coupling to the front module 32.
  • the high-temperature cooling circuit 35 is thermally coupled to the refrigerant circuit 4.
  • the additional capacitor 39 is fluidly separated both in the high-temperature heating circuit 35 and in the refrigeration circuit 4 integrated.
  • the additional capacitor 39 with respect to the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit 4th arranged upstream of the condenser 9. Accordingly, the refrigerant first flows through the additional capacitor 39 and then the condenser. 9
  • the vehicle air conditioning device 1 presented here is also equipped with a
  • Control device 40 which is connected via suitable control lines with controllable components of the individual components mentioned above.
  • the control device 40 is coupled to the interconnection 14 or to its valves 15.
  • the control device 40 is coupled to the low-temperature switching device 27 and to the high-temperature switching device 36 or to their valves 37.
  • the controller 40 is designed to have several different ones
  • FIG. 1 shows a cooling state
  • FIG. 2 shows a first heating state
  • FIG. 3 shows a second heating state
  • FIG. 4 shows a third heating state
  • FIG. 5 shows a first reheat state
  • FIG. 6 shows a second reheat state.
  • the interconnection 14 is operated for the cooling state so that the additional heat exchanger 13 is integrated into the heating circuit 3, that the
  • Cooling heat exchanger 6 are integrated into the cooling circuit 2 and that the
  • Heating heat exchanger 7 are fluidically decoupled from the heating circuit 3. In this cooling state circulates in the refrigerant circuit 4, the refrigerant according to arrows 41. In the heating circuit 3, the heating medium circulates according to arrows 42. The heating means 42 flows through the
  • the additional line 43 indicated by a broken line can be provided, by means of which it is also possible to guide the heating means 42 through the additional capacitor 39, so that both capacitors 9 and 39 are used by the heating circuit 3 in order to extract heat from the refrigerant , This heat is released from the heating circuit 3 via the additional heat exchanger 13 to the air flow 16.
  • the refrigerant circulates according to arrows 44 and thus passes from the cooling heat exchangers 7 to the evaporator 11, in which it is cooled. Subsequently, the coolant can flow through the cold storage 21 or bypass and passes back to the cooling heat exchangers 6, in which it can withdraw 5 heat to the air streams to cool the air streams 5 so.
  • the additional cooling circuit 28 may be active, so that there is also a coolant circulation, whereby the evaporation of the refrigerant can be improved. In this cooling state, the heating circuit 3 is useful from
  • High temperature heating circuit 35 decoupled.
  • control device 4 ensures that the interconnection incorporates the additional heat exchanger 13 into the cooling circuit 2, which
  • the heating circuit 3 is now a changed flow, since now the heating heat exchanger 7 are flowed through by the heating medium. Further, in this case, the heating circuit 3 with the
  • High temperature heating circuit 35 fluidly coupled, so that a partial flow of the
  • High-temperature heating circuit 35 is guided according to an arrow 45 through the heating circuit 3, while another partial flow is guided according to an arrow 46 through the additional capacitor 39.
  • the heating heat exchangers 7 can deliver heat to the air flow 5, whereby the heating means is cooled.
  • cooled heating medium reaches the condenser 9.
  • the heating medium reaches the other partial flow 46, whereby it is somewhat cooled by admixture in order to improve the condensation in the additional condenser 39.
  • the coolant flows to the evaporator 11 - depending on the cooling demand - through the cold storage 21 or bypassing the same and then passes to the additional heat exchanger 13 to receive heat from the air stream 16.
  • the thus heated coolant 44 then passes back to the evaporator 11, in which it is cooled again.
  • control device 40 actuates the connection 14 such that the heating heat exchangers 7 are integrated into the heating circuit 3, that the additional heat exchanger 13 is fluidically decoupled both from the heating circuit 3 and from the cooling circuit 2 and that the cooling heat exchanger 6 from the cooling circuit. 2 are decoupled.
  • the low-temperature switching device 27 is actuated to allow a fluid exchange between the refrigeration cycle 2 and the low-temperature refrigeration cycle 26.
  • the same flow occurs again in the cooling circuit 4 as before.
  • the heating circuit 3 is the same flow as in the first heating state.
  • the flow through the cooling circuit 2 is characterized in this second heating state, however, characterized in that at least a partial flow of coolant from the low temperature circuit 26 passes through the flow 24 according to an arrow 47 in the cooling circuit 2 to supply the evaporator 11 sufficient heat.
  • Low temperature cooling circuit 26 returned. The rest of the coolant flows only through the cold storage 21 or through the cold storage bypass 49 and flows back to the evaporator 11, without passing through the additional heat exchanger 13 or through the
  • Cooling heat exchanger 6 to flow. In this way, the heat contained in the low-temperature circuit 26 can be used to evaporate the refrigerant.
  • the third heating state reproduced in FIG. 4 virtually combines the first one
  • Additional heat exchanger 13 is again integrated into the cooling circuit 2 and can be used in addition to the preheating of the coolant by the air flow 16 is deprived of heat accordingly.
  • the flow through the cooling circuit 4 and the heating circuit 3 is again the same as in the aforementioned two other heating conditions.
  • a first reheat state can also be realized with the aid of the control device 40, in which the interconnection 14 is activated in such a way that it controls the
  • Flow conditions are again represented by the arrows 41 in the refrigerant circuit 4, by the arrows 42 in the heating circuit 3 and by the arrows 44 in the cooling circuit 2.
  • the air streams 5 which are to be supplied to the vehicle interior, first cooled in the cooling heat exchangers 6, preferably so far that moisture contained therein can be condensed and removed. Subsequently, the air streams 5 are heated in the heating heat exchangers 7 to the desired temperature.
  • Both in the first reheat state and in the second reheat state can via a corresponding actuation of the high-temperature switching device 36 is a fluidic Coupling between the heating circuit 3 and the high-temperature heating circuit 35 are brought about to effect the advantageous two-stage condensation of the refrigerant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de climatisation (1) pour véhicule permettant la thermorégulation d'un flux d'air (5) alimentant l'habitacle du véhicule, et comprenant un circuit de refroidissement (2) dans lequel est incorporé un échangeur thermique de refroidissement (6) destiné au refroidissement du flux d'air (5) ; un circuit de chauffage (3) dans lequel est incorporé un échangeur thermique de chauffage (7) destiné au chauffage du flux d'air (5) ; un échangeur thermique additionnel (13) qui peut être raccordé sélectivement au circuit de chauffage (3) ou au circuit de refroidissement (2) par un câblage (14) ; un circuit de réfrigération (4) dans lequel sont intégrés un compresseur de réfrigérant (8), un condenseur (9) et un évaporateur (11) ; l'évaporateur (11) étant également intégré au circuit de refroidissement (2), le condenseur (9) étant en outre intégré au circuit de chauffage (3).
PCT/EP2014/000819 2013-04-12 2014-03-27 Systeme de climatisation pour véhicule WO2014166596A1 (fr)

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DE102013006356.6A DE102013006356A1 (de) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Fahrzeugklimatisierungseinrichtung
DE102013006356.6 2013-04-12

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DE102014226346A1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmesystem für ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug
DE102015200334A1 (de) * 2015-01-13 2016-07-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmesystem für ein elektro- oder hybridfahrzeug und verfahren zur klimatisierung eines solchen fahrzeuges
DE102015212726B4 (de) * 2015-07-08 2017-10-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmesystem für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zur Klimatisierung eines Fahrzeugs
DE102015222267A1 (de) 2015-11-11 2017-05-11 Mahle International Gmbh Klimaanlage
DE102016222678B4 (de) * 2016-11-17 2024-02-22 Audi Ag Fahrzeug-Kälteanlage mit einem Kältemittel- und Kühlmittelkreislauf
FR3078392B1 (fr) * 2018-02-23 2020-01-24 Psa Automobiles Sa Installation thermique pour moteurs thermique et electrique avec condenseur a echange fluide refrigerant/fluide caloporteur
FR3078391B1 (fr) * 2018-02-23 2020-01-24 Psa Automobiles Sa Systeme d'echange thermique pour un vehicule automobile electrique, generateur d'une synergie entre une boucle froide et une boucle chaude.
DE102019107193A1 (de) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Steuerungssystem für ein Wärmesystem sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Wärmesystems
DE102019107194A1 (de) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Steuerungssystem für ein Wärmesystem sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Wärmesystems
DE102019205315A1 (de) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 Audi Ag Fahrzeug-Kälteanlage mit einem Kältemittel- und Kühlmittelkreislauf

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FR2834778B1 (fr) * 2002-01-16 2004-04-16 Renault Dispositif de gestion thermique, notamment pour vehicule automobile equipe d'une pile a combustible
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EP0595714A1 (fr) * 1992-10-26 1994-05-04 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Dispositif de climatisation plus particulièrement pour véhicule électrique
EP1164035A2 (fr) * 2000-06-17 2001-12-19 Behr GmbH & Co. Conditionneur d'air avec cycle de réfrigération et de pompe à chaleur
US6370903B1 (en) * 2001-03-14 2002-04-16 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Heat-pump type air conditioning and heating system for fuel cell vehicles
EP1533154A1 (fr) * 2002-07-16 2005-05-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil de climatisation
WO2010047649A1 (fr) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-29 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Procédé et système de refroidissement et de réchauffement
DE102011016070A1 (de) 2011-04-05 2012-10-11 Daimler Ag Klimatisierungsanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs

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