WO2014153997A1 - Solar cell back panel and solar cell assembly - Google Patents

Solar cell back panel and solar cell assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014153997A1
WO2014153997A1 PCT/CN2013/090508 CN2013090508W WO2014153997A1 WO 2014153997 A1 WO2014153997 A1 WO 2014153997A1 CN 2013090508 W CN2013090508 W CN 2013090508W WO 2014153997 A1 WO2014153997 A1 WO 2014153997A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
solar cell
μηι
thickness
back sheet
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PCT/CN2013/090508
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宫清
周维
白守萍
Original Assignee
深圳市比亚迪汽车研发有限公司
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市比亚迪汽车研发有限公司, 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市比亚迪汽车研发有限公司
Publication of WO2014153997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014153997A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a solar battery backboard and a solar battery module. Background technique
  • a solar cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through a photoelectric effect. It is a new type of power source that is mainly developed in the future. It has three major advantages: permanent, clean and flexible, and its market prospect is broad. Solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy an important seat in the world's energy consumption in the near future, not only to replace some of the conventional energy, but also to become the main body of the world's energy supply.
  • the solar cell module is usually a laminated structure: mainly comprising a backing plate, a sealant layer, a battery sheet, a sealant layer and a light transmitting layer, which are laminated in this order.
  • the main function of the solar cell backboard is to improve the overall mechanical strength of the solar cell module, and also prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer, affecting the service life of the cell sheet. Therefore, the solar cell backplane must have the characteristics of insulation (electric breakdown resistance), aging resistance, weather resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • the existing process solar cell backsheets are mainly produced by multi-layer film hot press forming.
  • TPT thermocompression-bonded
  • the fluoropolymer generally has a low surface energy, when the PVF and PET are thermocompression-bonded, the formulation of the glue is demanding, and the bonding strength between the film layer and the layer is easily insufficient, and the layer-to-layer is easy. Causes air bubbles to remain.
  • the introduction of the aluminum layer also improves the water vapor barrier performance of the solar cell backsheet, but at the same time, the acetic acid and the like released by the decomposition of the internal sealant layer EVA of the module cannot be discharged in time, and the solder ribbon is easily corroded, thereby reducing the performance of the solar cell module.
  • the invention overcomes the technical problem that the existing solar battery backboard has weak mechanical properties in the application of the solar cell module, and the acetic acid and the like generated in the component cannot be discharged in time, thereby affecting the performance of the solar cell module, and provides a mechanical property,
  • a solar cell backsheet that not only prevents moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer but also removes gases generated in the assembly and a solar cell module including the solar cell backsheet.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a solar battery back sheet comprising an adhesive layer, a water blocking layer and a support layer which are sequentially laminated, the support layer being made of aluminum foil and having a gas permeable structure.
  • the gas permeable structure is a slit and/or a pore structure distributed over the surface of the support layer.
  • the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure is from 0.1% to 50% of the surface area of the support layer.
  • the total area of the distributed slit and/or pore structure occupies 5% to 30% of the surface area of the support layer.
  • the slit has a width of 0.1 ⁇ -10000 ⁇ and a length of 0. ⁇ m-10 cm.
  • the slit has a width of 0.2 ⁇ m - 5000 ⁇ m and a length of ⁇ m - 5 cm.
  • the slit has a width of 0.5 ⁇ - 10 ⁇ and a length of 1 ⁇ - 200 ⁇ .
  • the diameter of the hole is 0.1 ⁇ - 1000 ⁇ .
  • the diameter of the hole is 0.2 ⁇ m - 200 ⁇ m.
  • the bonding layer comprises one or more of the following polymers: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral;
  • the water blocking layer comprises One or more of the following polymers: a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a polybutylene terephthalate layer.
  • the bonding layer and the water blocking layer are bonded by thermocompression, and the water blocking layer and the support layer are bonded by gluing.
  • the solar cell backsheet further comprises: a first adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer is disposed between the adhesive layer and the water blocking layer, and the second adhesive layer, the first A second adhesive layer is disposed between the water blocking layer and the support layer.
  • the thickness of the bonding layer is 30 ⁇ -1000 ⁇ ; the thickness of the water blocking layer is 100 ⁇ -800 ⁇ ; and the thickness of the support layer is 50 ⁇ -1000 ⁇ .
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is 100-500 ⁇ ; water-blocking layer thickness 200-400 ⁇ ; thickness of the support layer 100-500 ⁇ .
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module comprising a back sheet, a sealant layer, a battery sheet, a sealant layer and a light transmissive layer which are sequentially laminated, wherein the back sheet is the above solar cell
  • the backing layer, the bonding layer of the solar cell backsheet is in contact with the sealant layer, that is, the support layer is located at the outermost layer.
  • the solar battery back sheet provided by the invention has strong mechanical properties, high impact resistance, and can be used in a harsh desert area.
  • the solar cell back sheet has a three-layer structure of a bonding layer, a water blocking layer and a supporting layer, and has a good water barrier property, and can well prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer.
  • the adhesive layer has good adhesion to the EVA encapsulating film, and the solar cell module has excellent sealing performance, so no bubbles are generated.
  • the support layer (ie, the aluminum foil layer) of the outermost layer of the solar cell backsheet of the present invention is provided with a gas permeable structure, which can timely remove gases such as acetic acid generated in the assembly, thereby preventing long-term solar energy.
  • gases such as acetic acid generated in the assembly
  • the influence of the accumulation of gas in the battery assembly on the performance of the solar cell module affects the service life of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell back sheet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a support layer in a solar cell backsheet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the upper and lower relative orientation terms of the present invention refer to the relative positional relationship between the components of the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module in the drawing, so as to describe the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module, but are not used for The mounting relationship of these components on the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module is limited.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the present invention provides a solar cell backsheet comprising a bonding layer 1, a water blocking layer 2 and a supporting layer 3 from top to bottom.
  • the bonding layer 1 is generally in contact with the sealant layer in the solar cell module.
  • the bonding layer 1 is generally an opaque layer and is generally prepared from a material having adhesive properties, such as an organic polymer having cohesive properties.
  • the tie layer 1 comprises one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, and polyvinyl butyral layer .
  • the preferred tie layer 1 of the present invention may be selected from one or more of the following: an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, a polyethylene layer, an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer layer, polyvinyl condensate Aldehyde layer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer, polyethylene/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/polyethylene / Ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer / polyvinyl butyral blend layer.
  • the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer refers to a polymer layer prepared by using an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a host material, and an auxiliary agent such as an antioxidant or an ultraviolet absorber may be added, and the present invention is not limited.
  • the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/polyethylene/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer/polyvinyl butyral blend layer also refer to these organic
  • the polymer is a polymer layer prepared from a host material, and an additive or the like may be added to the layer as needed.
  • the bonding layer 1 may be a single layer or a monolithic layer prepared by combining a plurality of layers of materials.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 1 is preferably 30 ⁇ - 1000 ⁇ , more preferably 100-500 ⁇ , thereby further optimizing the performance of the solar cell backsheet.
  • the bonding layer 1 has excellent bonding properties, and can provide a certain degree of protection and excellent adhesion to the solar cell.
  • the water blocking layer 2 comprises one or more of the following: polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
  • the water blocking layer 2 be one or more of the following: a polyethylene terephthalate layer, a polybutylene terephthalate layer, a polyethylene terephthalate layer/poly A butylene terephthalate layer and a multilayer polyethylene terephthalate layer/polybutylene terephthalate layer.
  • the organic layer listed above refers to a polymer layer prepared by using these organic substances as a host material, and may optionally contain other additives such as an auxiliary agent such as an antioxidant or an ultraviolet absorber.
  • the water blocking layer 2 of the present invention may be a single layer or a multilayer structure, for example, a multilayer coextrusion layer of a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a polybutylene terephthalate layer.
  • the water blocking layer 2 has a thickness of 100 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m, further preferably 200 to 400 ⁇ m, thereby further optimizing the performance of the solar cell back sheet.
  • the water blocking layer 2 has excellent water blocking property and good electrical insulation, has good water barrier property, and can well prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer.
  • the support layer 3 of the present invention is made of aluminum foil (also referred to as an aluminum foil layer).
  • a gas permeable structure 31 is provided on the support layer 3.
  • the gas permeable structure 31 on the support layer 3 can be of various external venting structures known to those skilled in the art, such as slits and/or pore structures distributed over the surface of the support layer 3.
  • the internal gas of the solar cell module is thereby excluded by a simple slit and/or pore structure.
  • the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure accounts for 0.1%-50% of the surface area of the support layer 3. Further preferably, the total area of the distributed slit and/or the hole structure occupies the surface area of the support layer 3. 5%-30%.
  • the slits and/or the pore structure are distributed as evenly as possible on the surface of the support layer 3, for example, slits having equal distances and parallel to each other, so that the exhaust gas is more uniform and smooth, and the performance of the solar cell module is maintained for a long period of time.
  • the prepared slit has a width of 0.1 ⁇ -10000 ⁇ and a length of 0. ⁇ m-10 cm. Further preferably, the slit has a width of 0.2 ⁇ m - 5000 ⁇ m and a length of ⁇ m - 5 cm. Still more preferably, the slit has a width of 0.5 ⁇ - 10 ⁇ and a length of 1 ⁇ -200 ⁇ .
  • the prepared pores have a diameter of 0.1 ⁇ - 1000 ⁇ . Further preferably, the diameter of the hole is 0.2 ⁇ m - 200 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the support layer 3 can be only scribed with slits, or only through holes, and slits and holes can exist at the same time.
  • the slit and/or pore structure can be prepared by various methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by laser processing or etching.
  • the thickness of the support layer 3 is 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and more preferably 100 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the support layer 3 can increase the mechanical strength of the solar cell backsheet.
  • the gas such as acetic acid generated in the assembly can be eliminated in time, and the influence of the accumulation of gas inside the solar cell module for a long time on the performance of the solar cell module is prevented, thereby prolonging the service life of the solar cell module.
  • the bonding layer 1, the water blocking layer 2 and the supporting layer 3 may be combined in various ways known to those skilled in the art, and for example, a coating polymerization method, a hot pressing or an adhesive bonding method may be employed.
  • a coating polymerization method for example, a hot pressing or an adhesive bonding method may be employed.
  • the bonding layer 1 and the water blocking layer 2 are bonded by the first adhesive layer 4, and the water blocking layer 2 and the supporting layer 3 are bonded by the second adhesive layer 4, ⁇ ,
  • the adhesive layer 4 is laminated between the adhesive layer 1 and the water blocking layer 2, and the adhesive layer 4 is laminated between the water blocking layer 2 and the support layer 3, and then laminated together.
  • Laminate bonding is an operation well known to those skilled in the art, and the three layers are generally bonded together by an organic adhesive and laminated, and will not be described herein.
  • organic adhesives are also known to those skilled in the art, such as polyurethanes, acrylates, epoxy resins and the like.
  • the invention also provides a solar cell module.
  • the solar cell module includes a back sheet, a sealant layer, a cell sheet, a sealant layer, and a light transmissive layer which are sequentially laminated from bottom to top.
  • the backboard is the above solar battery backboard, wherein, the adhesive layer 1 of the solar cell back sheet is located above the sealant layer, and the support layer 3 is located at the bottom, that is, the outermost layer, and is exposed to the air.
  • the light transmissive layer, the sealant layer, and the battery sheet are all well known to those skilled in the art. I will not repeat them here.
  • the sealant layer is an EVA transparent adhesive layer.
  • the combination of the backsheet, the sealant layer, the cell sheet, the sealant layer and the light transmissive layer is also well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described herein.
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
  • Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film (Jiangsu Yuxing Film Technology Co., Ltd., CY11) having a thickness of 250 ⁇ m, coated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive on the surface, and the film layer obtained in (1)
  • the 250 ⁇ aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) was compounded to obtain a solar cell back sheet, which was designated as S2.
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps: (1) adding 25 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 parts by weight of an ultraviolet absorber (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, model UV329) to 100 parts by weight of PE resin, thoroughly mixing and heating until the PE resin is sufficiently melted The mixture was smelted for 8 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of ⁇ .
  • an ultraviolet absorber manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, model UV329
  • Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film having a thickness of 400 ⁇ m, and a two-component polyurethane adhesive is applied on the surface, and the film obtained in (1) and the 300 ⁇ aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) are combined. , made a solar battery backboard, recorded as S3.
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
  • Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a ruthenium film having a thickness of 300 ⁇ m, and a two-component urethane adhesive is applied on the surface, and the film layer obtained in (1) and the ⁇ aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) are subjected to an aluminum foil layer.
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
  • Corona treatment is applied to both sides of the enamel film having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m, and the surface is coated with a two-component urethane adhesive, and is combined with the film layer obtained in (1) and the 200 ⁇ aluminum foil layer obtained in (2). , made a solar battery backboard, recorded as S5.
  • Example 6
  • the embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
  • This embodiment provides a solar cell backplane as a comparison.
  • the method for preparing the solar cell backplane includes the following steps:
  • the solar cell backsheet prepared by the embodiment of the present invention has a significantly higher water vapor transmission rate. Therefore, the solar cell backsheet provided by the invention has strong mechanical properties, high impact resistance, and can timely remove gases such as acetic acid generated in the assembly, and prevent gas accumulation in the solar cell module for a long time. The impact of component performance affects the life of the solar module.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “example”, “specific example”, or “some examples” and the like means specific features described in connection with the embodiments or examples. A structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention.

Abstract

Provided are a solar cell back panel and a solar cell assembly thereof containing same. The solar cell back panel comprises an adhesive layer (1), a water-resisting layer (2) and a support layer (3) which are superposed in sequence. The support layer is supported by aluminium foil and has a ventilation structure (31).

Description

太阳能电池背板及太阳能电池组件  Solar battery backboard and solar module
技术领域 Technical field
本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域， 具体涉及一种太阳能电池背板及一种太阳能电池 组件。 背景技术  The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a solar battery backboard and a solar battery module. Background technique
太阳能电池是通过光电效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。它是一种未来主要发展 的新型电源， 具有永久性、 清洁性和灵活性三大优点， 其市场前景广阔。 太阳能光伏发 电在不远的将来会占据世界能源消费的重要席位， 不但要替代部分常规能源， 而且将成 为世界能源供应的主体。  A solar cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through a photoelectric effect. It is a new type of power source that is mainly developed in the future. It has three major advantages: permanent, clean and flexible, and its market prospect is broad. Solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy an important seat in the world's energy consumption in the near future, not only to replace some of the conventional energy, but also to become the main body of the world's energy supply.
太阳能电池组件通常是一个叠层结构： 主要包括背板、 密封胶层、 电池片、 密封胶 层和透光层等层， 依次层压而成。 其中， 太阳能电池背板的主要作用是提高太阳能电池 组件的整体机械强度， 另外可以防止水汽渗透到密封胶层中， 影响电池片的使用寿命。 所以太阳能电池背板必须具有绝缘（耐电击穿）、 耐老化、耐气候影响和耐腐蚀等特性。  The solar cell module is usually a laminated structure: mainly comprising a backing plate, a sealant layer, a battery sheet, a sealant layer and a light transmitting layer, which are laminated in this order. Among them, the main function of the solar cell backboard is to improve the overall mechanical strength of the solar cell module, and also prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer, affecting the service life of the cell sheet. Therefore, the solar cell backplane must have the characteristics of insulation (electric breakdown resistance), aging resistance, weather resistance and corrosion resistance.
目前， 现有工艺化太阳能电池背板主要通过多层膜热压成型方式生产。 以最常用的 TPT为例， 它是以聚氟乙烯 /聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 /聚氟乙烯 （即 PVF/PET/PVF) 三层 独立的薄膜通过胶水的粘结热压成型。 但是由于含氟聚合物一般表面能低， 采用 PVF 与 PET之间热压胶合时， 对胶水配方要求苛刻， 而且容易造成薄膜层与层之间的粘合强 度不够， 同时层与层之间容易造成气泡残留， 在长时间的应用中， 气体、 盐雾、 一些污 染物会沿着薄膜的边缘向中间渗透和侵蚀， 从而造成薄膜层由于胶水的老化而导致层和 层之间的剥离， 导致太阳能电池耐气候、 耐紫外线及绝缘性的下降， 从而影响太阳能电 池的寿命， 同时聚合物基材的承重性差， 在风沙等恶劣条件下整个组件的抗冲击能力较 弱。 现有研究也有引入金属铝层的， 在此基础上复合金属铝层和含氟保护层或者直接采 用绝缘层夹持金属层的结构， 通过铝层提高太阳能电池背板的机械性能和热导率， 铝层 的引入也提高了太阳能电池背板的阻水汽性能， 但同时却使组件内部密封胶层 EVA分 解释放的醋酸等气体无法及时排出， 易腐蚀焊带， 降低了太阳能电池组件的性能。 发明内容  At present, the existing process solar cell backsheets are mainly produced by multi-layer film hot press forming. Taking the most commonly used TPT as an example, it is a hot-pressed adhesive of a three-layer film of polyvinyl fluoride/polyethylene terephthalate/polyvinyl fluoride (PVF/PET/PVF) by glue bonding. However, since the fluoropolymer generally has a low surface energy, when the PVF and PET are thermocompression-bonded, the formulation of the glue is demanding, and the bonding strength between the film layer and the layer is easily insufficient, and the layer-to-layer is easy. Causes air bubbles to remain. In long-term applications, gases, salt sprays, and some contaminants will penetrate and erode along the edges of the film, causing the film layer to peel off between the layers due to aging of the glue. Solar cells are resistant to weathering, UV and insulation, which affects the life of solar cells. At the same time, the weight of polymer substrates is poor, and the impact resistance of the entire component is weak under harsh conditions such as sand and sand. In the existing research, a metal aluminum layer is also introduced. On this basis, a composite metal aluminum layer and a fluorine-containing protective layer or a structure in which a metal layer is directly sandwiched by an insulating layer are used, and the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the solar battery back sheet are improved by the aluminum layer. The introduction of the aluminum layer also improves the water vapor barrier performance of the solar cell backsheet, but at the same time, the acetic acid and the like released by the decomposition of the internal sealant layer EVA of the module cannot be discharged in time, and the solder ribbon is easily corroded, thereby reducing the performance of the solar cell module. Summary of the invention
本发明克服了现有太阳能电池背板在太阳能电池组件的应用中机械性能弱、组件中 产生的醋酸等气体无法及时排出， 因而影响太阳能电池组件的性能的技术问题， 提供一 种机械性能强、不仅能防止水汽渗透到密封胶层中而且能及时排除组件中产生的气体的 太阳能电池背板及其一种包含该太阳能电池背板的太阳能电池组件。  The invention overcomes the technical problem that the existing solar battery backboard has weak mechanical properties in the application of the solar cell module, and the acetic acid and the like generated in the component cannot be discharged in time, thereby affecting the performance of the solar cell module, and provides a mechanical property, A solar cell backsheet that not only prevents moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer but also removes gases generated in the assembly and a solar cell module including the solar cell backsheet.
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板包括依次层叠 的粘结层、 阻水层及支撑层， 所述支撑层由铝箔制成且具有透气结构。  A first object of the present invention is to provide a solar battery back sheet comprising an adhesive layer, a water blocking layer and a support layer which are sequentially laminated, the support layer being made of aluminum foil and having a gas permeable structure.
优选， 所述透气结构为分布在支撑层的表面的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构。 优选， 所述狭缝和 /或孔洞结构的总面积占支撑层的表面面积的 0.1%-50%。 Preferably, the gas permeable structure is a slit and/or a pore structure distributed over the surface of the support layer. Preferably, the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure is from 0.1% to 50% of the surface area of the support layer.
进一步优选， 分布的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构的总面积占支撑层的表面面积的 5%-30%。 优选， 狭缝的宽度为 0.1μηι-10000μηι， 长度为 0. ^m-10cm。  Further preferably, the total area of the distributed slit and/or pore structure occupies 5% to 30% of the surface area of the support layer. Preferably, the slit has a width of 0.1 μηι-10000 μηι and a length of 0. ^m-10 cm.
进一步优选， 狭缝的宽度为 0.2μηι-5000μηι， 长度为 ^m-5cm。  Further preferably, the slit has a width of 0.2 μm - 5000 μm and a length of ^ m - 5 cm.
更进一步优选， 狭缝的宽度为 0.5μηι-10μηι， 长度为 1μηι-200μηι。  Still more preferably, the slit has a width of 0.5 μηι - 10 μηι and a length of 1 μηι - 200 μηι.
优选， 孔洞的直径为 0.1μηι-1000μηι。  Preferably, the diameter of the hole is 0.1 μηι - 1000 μηι.
进一步优选， 孔洞的直径为 0.2μηι-200μηι。  Further preferably, the diameter of the hole is 0.2 μm - 200 μm.
优选， 粘结层包含以下聚合物中的一种或多种： 乙烯 -醋酸乙烯共聚物、 聚乙烯、 乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物和聚乙烯醇縮丁醛； 所述阻水层包含以下聚合物中的一种 或多种： 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯层和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯层。  Preferably, the bonding layer comprises one or more of the following polymers: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral; the water blocking layer comprises One or more of the following polymers: a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a polybutylene terephthalate layer.
优选， 粘结层和阻水层通过热压结合， 所述阻水层和支撑层通过胶粘结合。  Preferably, the bonding layer and the water blocking layer are bonded by thermocompression, and the water blocking layer and the support layer are bonded by gluing.
或者优选， 所述太阳能电池背板进一步包括： 第一胶黏剂层， 所述第一胶黏剂层设 在粘结层和阻水层之间， 和第二胶黏剂层， 所述第二胶黏剂层设在所述阻水层和支撑层 之间。  Or preferably, the solar cell backsheet further comprises: a first adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer is disposed between the adhesive layer and the water blocking layer, and the second adhesive layer, the first A second adhesive layer is disposed between the water blocking layer and the support layer.
优选， 粘结层的厚度为 30μηι-1000μηι; 阻水层的厚度为 100μηι-800μηι; 支撑层的 厚度为 50μηι-1000μηι。 Preferably, the thickness of the bonding layer is 30 μηι-1000 μηι ; the thickness of the water blocking layer is 100 μηι-800 μηι ; and the thickness of the support layer is 50 μηι-1000 μηι.
进一步优选， 粘结层的厚度为 100-500μηι; 阻水层的厚度为 200-400μηι; 支撑层的 厚度为 100-500μηι。 Further preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 100-500μηι; water-blocking layer thickness 200-400μηι; thickness of the support layer 100-500μηι.
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种太阳能电池组件， 所述太阳能电池组件包括依次层 叠的背板、 密封胶层、 电池片、 密封胶层和透光层， 其中， 背板为上述太阳能电池背板， 太阳能电池背板的粘结层与密封胶层接触， 即支撑层位于最外层。  A second object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module comprising a back sheet, a sealant layer, a battery sheet, a sealant layer and a light transmissive layer which are sequentially laminated, wherein the back sheet is the above solar cell The backing layer, the bonding layer of the solar cell backsheet is in contact with the sealant layer, that is, the support layer is located at the outermost layer.
本发明提供的太阳能电池背板， 其机械性能强， 具有高抗冲击性能， 可在恶劣的沙 漠地带等使用。 所述太阳能电池背板具有粘结层、 阻水层及支撑层三层结构， 具有很好 的隔水性能， 能很好的防止水汽渗透到密封胶层中。 粘结层与 EVA封装胶膜具有良好 的粘结性， 太阳能电池组件的密封性能优， 因此无气泡产生。  The solar battery back sheet provided by the invention has strong mechanical properties, high impact resistance, and can be used in a harsh desert area. The solar cell back sheet has a three-layer structure of a bonding layer, a water blocking layer and a supporting layer, and has a good water barrier property, and can well prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer. The adhesive layer has good adhesion to the EVA encapsulating film, and the solar cell module has excellent sealing performance, so no bubbles are generated.
根据本发明的一些实施例， 本发明的太阳能电池背板最外层的支撑层 （即铝箔层） 上设有透气结构， 能及时排除组件中产生的醋酸等气体， 由此防止长时间的太阳能电池 组件中气体的积累对太阳能电池组件的性能的影响， 影响太阳能电池组件的使用寿命。 附图说明  According to some embodiments of the present invention, the support layer (ie, the aluminum foil layer) of the outermost layer of the solar cell backsheet of the present invention is provided with a gas permeable structure, which can timely remove gases such as acetic acid generated in the assembly, thereby preventing long-term solar energy. The influence of the accumulation of gas in the battery assembly on the performance of the solar cell module affects the service life of the solar cell module. DRAWINGS
图 1是本发明一种优选实施方式的太阳能电池背板的结构示意图。  1 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell back sheet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图 2是是本发明一种优选实施方式的太阳能电池背板中支撑层的结构示意图。 具体实施方式  2 is a schematic structural view of a support layer in a solar cell backsheet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、 技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白， 以下结合附 图及实施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅用 以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。 In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used The invention is not intended to limit the invention.
本发明的上、 下等相对方位术语， 表示太阳能电池背板及太阳能电池组件各构件在 图示中的相对位置关系， 以便于对太阳能电池背板及太阳能电池组件进行描述， 但并不 用于对这些构件在太阳能电池背板及太阳能电池组件上的安装关系进行限定。  The upper and lower relative orientation terms of the present invention refer to the relative positional relationship between the components of the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module in the drawing, so as to describe the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module, but are not used for The mounting relationship of these components on the solar cell backsheet and the solar cell module is limited.
此外， 术语 "第一" 、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重 要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。 由此， 限定有 "第一" 、 "第二" 的特征 可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。  Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
如图 1所示， 本发明提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 所述太阳能电池背板从上至下依 次包括粘结层 1、 阻水层 2及支撑层 3。  As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a solar cell backsheet comprising a bonding layer 1, a water blocking layer 2 and a supporting layer 3 from top to bottom.
粘结层 1在太阳能电池组件中一般与密封胶层接触。 粘结层 1一般为不透明层， 且 一般由具有粘结性能的材料制备得到， 例如具有粘结性的有机聚合物。  The bonding layer 1 is generally in contact with the sealant layer in the solar cell module. The bonding layer 1 is generally an opaque layer and is generally prepared from a material having adhesive properties, such as an organic polymer having cohesive properties.
在本发明的一些实施例中， 粘结层 1 包含下列中的一种或多种： 乙烯 -醋酸乙烯共 聚物、 聚乙烯、 乙烯 -甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物和聚乙烯醇縮丁醛层。 例如， 本发明优选 的粘结层 1可选自下列中的一种或多种： 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层、 聚乙烯层、 乙烯-甲 基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物层、 聚乙烯醇縮丁醛层、 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 /乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲 酯共聚物共混物层、聚乙烯 /乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物共混物层和乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚 物 /聚乙烯 /乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物 /聚乙烯醇縮丁醛共混物层。  In some embodiments of the invention, the tie layer 1 comprises one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, and polyvinyl butyral layer . For example, the preferred tie layer 1 of the present invention may be selected from one or more of the following: an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, a polyethylene layer, an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer layer, polyvinyl condensate Aldehyde layer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer, polyethylene/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/polyethylene / Ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer / polyvinyl butyral blend layer.
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物层是指以乙烯 -醋酸乙烯共聚物为主体材料制备的聚合物层， 其中还可添加抗氧剂、 紫外吸收剂等助剂， 本发明没有限制。 类似地， 聚乙烯层、 乙烯 -甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物层、 聚乙烯醇縮丁醛层、 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 /乙烯-甲基丙烯 酸甲酯共聚物共混物层、聚乙烯 /乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物共混物层和乙烯-醋酸乙烯 共聚物 /聚乙烯 /乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物 /聚乙烯醇縮丁醛共混物层等也是指以这些 有机聚合物为主体材料制备的聚合物层， 其层中同样可以根据需要添加助剂等。  The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer refers to a polymer layer prepared by using an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a host material, and an auxiliary agent such as an antioxidant or an ultraviolet absorber may be added, and the present invention is not limited. Similarly, a polyethylene layer, an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer layer, a polyvinyl butyral layer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer, polyethylene/ The ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer blend layer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/polyethylene/ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer/polyvinyl butyral blend layer also refer to these organic The polymer is a polymer layer prepared from a host material, and an additive or the like may be added to the layer as needed.
粘结层 1可以为一层也可以为多层物质组合制备的一整体层。  The bonding layer 1 may be a single layer or a monolithic layer prepared by combining a plurality of layers of materials.
粘结层 1的厚度本发明优选为 30μηι-1000μηι， 进一步优选为 100-500μηι， 由此进一 步优化太阳能电池背板的性能。  The thickness of the adhesive layer 1 is preferably 30 μηι - 1000 μηι, more preferably 100-500 μηι, thereby further optimizing the performance of the solar cell backsheet.
根据本发明的实施例， 粘结层 1具有优异的粘结性能， 能够对太阳能电池提供一定 的保护性和优异的粘结性。  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the bonding layer 1 has excellent bonding properties, and can provide a certain degree of protection and excellent adhesion to the solar cell.
在本发明的一些实施例中， 阻水层 2包含下列中的一种或多种： 聚对苯二甲酸乙二 酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯。 例如， 本发明优选阻水层 2为下列中的一种或多种： 聚对苯 二甲酸乙二酯层、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯层 /聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯 层和多层聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯层 /聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯层。以上所列的有机物层指的是以 这些有机物为主体材料制备的聚合物层， 且可任选地含有其他添加剂，例如，抗氧化剂、 紫外吸收剂等助剂。  In some embodiments of the invention, the water blocking layer 2 comprises one or more of the following: polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. For example, it is preferred in the present invention that the water blocking layer 2 be one or more of the following: a polyethylene terephthalate layer, a polybutylene terephthalate layer, a polyethylene terephthalate layer/poly A butylene terephthalate layer and a multilayer polyethylene terephthalate layer/polybutylene terephthalate layer. The organic layer listed above refers to a polymer layer prepared by using these organic substances as a host material, and may optionally contain other additives such as an auxiliary agent such as an antioxidant or an ultraviolet absorber.
本发明的阻水层 2可以为一层， 也可以为多层结构， 例如可以为聚对苯二甲酸乙二 酯层和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯层的多层共挤层。 优选， 阻水层 2的厚度为 100μηι-800μηι， 进一步优选为 200-400μηι， 由此进一步优 化太阳能电池背板的性能。 The water blocking layer 2 of the present invention may be a single layer or a multilayer structure, for example, a multilayer coextrusion layer of a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a polybutylene terephthalate layer. Preferably, the water blocking layer 2 has a thickness of 100 μm to 800 μm, further preferably 200 to 400 μm, thereby further optimizing the performance of the solar cell back sheet.
根据本发明的实施例， 阻水层 2具有优异的阻水性能和良好的电绝缘性， 具有很好 的隔水性能， 能很好的防止水汽渗透到密封胶层中。  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the water blocking layer 2 has excellent water blocking property and good electrical insulation, has good water barrier property, and can well prevent moisture from penetrating into the sealant layer.
本发明的支撑层 3由铝箔制成 （也可称为铝箔层） 。  The support layer 3 of the present invention is made of aluminum foil (also referred to as an aluminum foil layer).
如图 2所示， 支撑层 3上设有透气结构 31。 支撑层 3上的透气结构 31可以为本领 域技术人员公知的各种能外排气体的结构， 例如可以是在支撑层 3的表面分布的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构。 由此利用简单的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构来排除太阳能电池组件的内部气体。  As shown in Fig. 2, a gas permeable structure 31 is provided on the support layer 3. The gas permeable structure 31 on the support layer 3 can be of various external venting structures known to those skilled in the art, such as slits and/or pore structures distributed over the surface of the support layer 3. The internal gas of the solar cell module is thereby excluded by a simple slit and/or pore structure.
较佳情况下， 狭缝和 /或孔洞结构的总面积占支撑层 3的表面面积的 0.1%-50%， 进 一步优选， 分布的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构的总面积占支撑层 3表面面积的 5%-30%。  Preferably, the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure accounts for 0.1%-50% of the surface area of the support layer 3. Further preferably, the total area of the distributed slit and/or the hole structure occupies the surface area of the support layer 3. 5%-30%.
一般，狭缝和 /或孔洞结构尽量均匀的分布于支撑层 3的表面，例如分布有距离相等 且相互平行的狭缝， 使排气更均匀、 顺畅， 长期保持太阳能电池组件的性能。  Generally, the slits and/or the pore structure are distributed as evenly as possible on the surface of the support layer 3, for example, slits having equal distances and parallel to each other, so that the exhaust gas is more uniform and smooth, and the performance of the solar cell module is maintained for a long period of time.
优选， 制备的狭缝的宽度为 0.1 μηι-10000μηι， 长度为 0. ^m-10cm。 进一步优选， 狭缝的宽度为 0.2μηι-5000μηι， 长度为 ^m-5cm。 更进一步优选， 狭缝的宽度为 0.5μηι- 10μηι, 长度为 1 μηι-200μηι。  Preferably, the prepared slit has a width of 0.1 μηι-10000 μηι and a length of 0. ^m-10 cm. Further preferably, the slit has a width of 0.2 μm - 5000 μm and a length of ^ m - 5 cm. Still more preferably, the slit has a width of 0.5 μηι - 10 μηι and a length of 1 μηι-200 μηι.
优选， 制备的孔洞的直径为 0.1 μηι-1000μηι。 进一步优选， 孔洞的直径为 0.2μηι-200μηι。  Preferably, the prepared pores have a diameter of 0.1 μηι - 1000 μηι. Further preferably, the diameter of the hole is 0.2 μm - 200 μm.
支撑层 3表面可以只刻饰狭缝， 也可以只打通孔洞， 还可以狭缝和孔洞同时存在。 狭缝和 /或孔洞结构可以通过本领域技术人员公知的各种方法制备，例如可通过激光加工 或蚀刻的方法获得。  The surface of the support layer 3 can be only scribed with slits, or only through holes, and slits and holes can exist at the same time. The slit and/or pore structure can be prepared by various methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by laser processing or etching.
较佳情况下， 支撑层 3的厚度为 50μηι-1000μηι， 进一步优选为 100-500μηι。  Preferably, the thickness of the support layer 3 is 50 μm to 1000 μm, and more preferably 100 to 500 μm.
根据本发明的实施例， 支撑层 3可以增加太阳能电池背板的机械强度。 通过支撑层 3上设置的透气结构 31， 能及时排除组件中产生的醋酸等气体， 防止长时间的太阳能电 池组件内部气体的积累对太阳能电池组件的性能的影响， 从而延长太阳能电池组件的使 用寿命。  According to an embodiment of the invention, the support layer 3 can increase the mechanical strength of the solar cell backsheet. Through the gas permeable structure 31 provided on the support layer 3, the gas such as acetic acid generated in the assembly can be eliminated in time, and the influence of the accumulation of gas inside the solar cell module for a long time on the performance of the solar cell module is prevented, thereby prolonging the service life of the solar cell module. .
粘结层 1、 阻水层 2及支撑层 3可以采用本领域技术人员公知的各种方式结合在一 起， 例如可以采用涂覆聚合的方式、 热压或胶黏剂胶粘的方式等。 本发明可以优选粘结 层 1和阻水层 2通过热压结合， 阻水层 2和支撑层通过胶黏剂胶粘结合。 也可以优选， 粘结层 1和阻水层 2通过第一胶黏剂层 4粘结， 所述阻水层 2和支撑层 3之间通过第二 胶黏剂层 4粘结， δΡ， 可通过粘结层 1和阻水层 2间层叠胶黏剂层 4， 阻水层 2和支撑 层 3间层叠胶黏剂层 4， 然后一起层压胶合。  The bonding layer 1, the water blocking layer 2 and the supporting layer 3 may be combined in various ways known to those skilled in the art, and for example, a coating polymerization method, a hot pressing or an adhesive bonding method may be employed. In the present invention, it is preferable that the adhesive layer 1 and the water blocking layer 2 are bonded by thermocompression, and the water blocking layer 2 and the support layer are adhesively bonded by an adhesive. It is also preferable that the bonding layer 1 and the water blocking layer 2 are bonded by the first adhesive layer 4, and the water blocking layer 2 and the supporting layer 3 are bonded by the second adhesive layer 4, δΡ, The adhesive layer 4 is laminated between the adhesive layer 1 and the water blocking layer 2, and the adhesive layer 4 is laminated between the water blocking layer 2 and the support layer 3, and then laminated together.
层压胶合为本领域技术人员所公知的操作， 一般为利用有机胶黏剂将三层粘结在一 起， 并层压成型， 在此不作赘述。 其中， 有机胶黏剂亦为本领技术人员所公知的， 例如 聚氨酯、 丙烯酸酯、 环氧树脂等胶黏剂。  Laminate bonding is an operation well known to those skilled in the art, and the three layers are generally bonded together by an organic adhesive and laminated, and will not be described herein. Among them, organic adhesives are also known to those skilled in the art, such as polyurethanes, acrylates, epoxy resins and the like.
本发明同时提供了一种太阳能电池组件。所述太阳能电池组件从下到上包括依次层 叠的背板、 密封胶层、 电池片、 密封胶层和透光层。 所述背板为上述太阳能电池背板， 其中， 太阳能电池背板的粘结层 1位于上方与密封胶层接触， 支撑层 3位于最下方即最 外层， 裸露在空气中。 The invention also provides a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a back sheet, a sealant layer, a cell sheet, a sealant layer, and a light transmissive layer which are sequentially laminated from bottom to top. The backboard is the above solar battery backboard, Wherein, the adhesive layer 1 of the solar cell back sheet is located above the sealant layer, and the support layer 3 is located at the bottom, that is, the outermost layer, and is exposed to the air.
其中， 透光层、 密封胶层、 电池片均为本领域技术人员所公知的。 在此不做赘述， 一般， 密封胶层为 EVA透明胶层。 背板、 密封胶层、 电池片、 密封胶层和透光层结合 方式也为本领域技术人员所公知， 在此不再多做赘述。  Among them, the light transmissive layer, the sealant layer, and the battery sheet are all well known to those skilled in the art. I will not repeat them here. Generally, the sealant layer is an EVA transparent adhesive layer. The combination of the backsheet, the sealant layer, the cell sheet, the sealant layer and the light transmissive layer is also well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described herein.
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述。 实施例 1  The invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example 1
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤：  The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
( 1 )在 90重量份的 EVA树脂（韩国三星综合化学有限公司产品， 型号为 E032A) 中添加 7重量份的二氧化硅、 2重量份的苯并***系紫外吸收剂（由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329) ， 进行充分混合并加热至 EVA树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 2分钟， 然后采 用 T模头挤压机挤压成形， 得到厚度为 200μηι的粘结膜层。  (1) Adding 7 parts by weight of silica and 2 parts by weight of benzotriazole-based UV absorber (by Cibafine) to 90 parts by weight of EVA resin (product of Korea Samsung Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., model E032A) The company produced, model UV329), was thoroughly mixed and heated until the EVA resin was fully melted, smelted for 2 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 200 μm.
( 2) 取厚度为 150μηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工打出总面积占铝箔表面积 15%的均 匀分布的直径为 0.3μηι的孔洞。  (2) Take a 150μηι aluminum foil with a surface that is laser-machined to produce a uniformly distributed hole of 0.3μηι in diameter with a total area of 15% of the surface area of the aluminum foil.
( 3 ) 对厚度为 250μηι的 PET膜 （江苏裕兴薄膜科技股份有限公司， CY11 ) 的两 面进行电晕处理， 在两表面分别涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的粘结膜层 及 （2 ) 中所得的 150μηι的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电池背板， 记作 Sl。  (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film (Jiangsu Yuxing Film Technology Co., Ltd., CY11) having a thickness of 250 μm, and a two-component polyurethane adhesive is applied on both surfaces, and (1) The adhesive film layer and the 150 μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) were composited to obtain a solar cell back sheet, which was designated as Sl.
实施例 2  Example 2
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤：  The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
( 1 )在 90重量份的 EVA树脂（韩国三星综合化学有限公司产品， 型号为 E032A) 中添加 7重量份的二氧化硅、 2重量份的苯并***系紫外吸收剂（由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329) ， 进行充分混合并加热至 EVA树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 2分钟， 然后采 用 T模头挤压机挤压成形， 从而得到厚度为 200μηι的粘结膜层。  (1) Adding 7 parts by weight of silica and 2 parts by weight of benzotriazole-based UV absorber (by Cibafine) to 90 parts by weight of EVA resin (product of Korea Samsung Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., model E032A) The company produced, model UV329), was thoroughly mixed and heated until the EVA resin was fully melted, smelted for 2 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 200 μm.
( 2) 取厚度为 250μηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工刻饰出总面积占铝箔表面积 8%的 均匀分布的相互平行的宽 0.2μηι， 长 ΙΟμηι的狭缝。  (2) Take a thickness of 250μηι aluminum foil, and the surface is laser-finished to sten the slits with a total area of 8% of the surface area of the aluminum foil and a uniform width of 0.2μηι, long ΙΟμηι.
( 3 ) 对厚度为 250μηι的 PET膜 （江苏裕兴薄膜科技股份有限公司， CY11 ) 的两 面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 （2 ) 中所 得的 250μηι的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电池背板， 记作 S2。  (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film (Jiangsu Yuxing Film Technology Co., Ltd., CY11) having a thickness of 250 μm, coated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive on the surface, and the film layer obtained in (1) The 250 μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) was compounded to obtain a solar cell back sheet, which was designated as S2.
实施例 3  Example 3
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤： ( 1 ) 在 100重量份的 PE树脂中添加 25重量份的钛白粉、 2重量份的、 紫外吸收 剂 （由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329 ) ， 进行充分混合并加热至 PE树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 8分钟， 然后采用 T模头挤压机挤压成形， 从而得到厚度为 ΙΟΟμηι的粘结膜 层。 The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps: (1) adding 25 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 parts by weight of an ultraviolet absorber (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, model UV329) to 100 parts by weight of PE resin, thoroughly mixing and heating until the PE resin is sufficiently melted The mixture was smelted for 8 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of ΙΟΟμηι.
( 2) 取厚度为 300μηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工刻饰出总面积占铝箔表面积 10%的 均匀分布的相互平行的宽 5μηι， 长 500μηι的狭缝和 15%的 lOOum的微孔。  (2) Take a thickness of 300μηι aluminum foil, and the surface is laser-finished to cover a uniform distribution of 10% of the surface area of the aluminum foil with a uniform surface width of 5μηι, a slit of 500μηι and a microporous of 15% lOOum.
( 3 )对厚度为 400μηι的 PET膜两面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏 剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 （2) 中所得的 300μηι 的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电 池背板， 记作 S3。  (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film having a thickness of 400 μm, and a two-component polyurethane adhesive is applied on the surface, and the film obtained in (1) and the 300 μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) are combined. , made a solar battery backboard, recorded as S3.
实施例 4  Example 4
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤：  The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
( 1 ) 在 100重量份的 EMMA树脂 （住友化学， 型号为 WK302 ) 中添加 20重量份 的钛白粉、 2重量份的、 紫外吸收剂 （由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329 ) ， 进行充分 混合并加热至 EMMA树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 8分钟， 然后采用 T模头挤压机挤压成 形， 从而得到厚度为 400μηι的粘结膜层。  (1) Add 20 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 parts by weight of UV absorber (produced by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, model UV329) to 100 parts by weight of EMMA resin (Sumitomo Chemical, model WK302), and fully The mixture was mixed and heated until the EMMA resin was sufficiently melted, smelted for 8 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 400 μm.
( 2) 取厚度为 ΙΟΟμηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工刻饰出总面积占铝箔表面积 8%的 均匀分布的 200μηι的微孔。  (2) Take a thickness of ΙΟΟμηι aluminum foil, and the surface is laser-cut to engrave a uniformly distributed 200μηι micropores with a total area of 8% of the surface area of the aluminum foil.
( 3 )对厚度为 300μηι的 ΡΒΤ膜的两面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶 黏剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 （2 ) 中所得的 ΙΟΟμηι 的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能 电池背板， 记作 S4。  (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a ruthenium film having a thickness of 300 μm, and a two-component urethane adhesive is applied on the surface, and the film layer obtained in (1) and the 箔μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) are subjected to an aluminum foil layer. Composite, made a solar cell backsheet, recorded as S4.
实施例 5  Example 5
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤：  The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
( 1 ) 在 100重量份的 PE树脂中添加 25重量份的钛白粉、 2重量份的、 紫外吸收 剂 （由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329 ) ， 进行充分混合并加热至 PE树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 8分钟， 然后采用 T模头挤压机挤压成形， 从而得到厚度为 300μηι的粘结膜 层。  (1) adding 25 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 parts by weight of an ultraviolet absorber (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, model UV329) to 100 parts by weight of PE resin, thoroughly mixing and heating until the PE resin is sufficiently melted The mixture was smelted for 8 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 300 μm.
( 2) 取厚度为 200μηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工刻饰出总面积占铝箔表面积 25%的 均匀分布的相互平行的宽 6μηι， 长 2000μηι的狭缝。  (2) Take a thickness of 200μηι aluminum foil, and the surface is laser-finished to sten the slits with a total area of 25% of the surface area of the aluminum foil and a uniform width of 6μηι and a length of 2000μηι.
( 3 )对厚度为 200μηι的 ΡΒΤ膜两面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏 剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 （2) 中所得的 200μηι 的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电 池背板， 记作 S5。 实施例 6 (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of the enamel film having a thickness of 200 μm, and the surface is coated with a two-component urethane adhesive, and is combined with the film layer obtained in (1) and the 200 μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2). , made a solar battery backboard, recorded as S5. Example 6
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括以下步 骤：  The embodiment provides a solar battery backboard, and the method for preparing the solar battery backboard includes the following steps:
( 1 ) 在 100重量份的 EMMA树脂 （住友化学， 型号为 WK302 ) 中添加 25重量份 的钛白粉、 2重量份的、 紫外吸收剂 （由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329 ) ， 进行充分 混合并加热至 EMMA树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 8分钟， 然后采用 T模头挤压机挤压成 形， 从而得到厚度为 300μηι的粘结膜层。  (1) Adding 25 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 parts by weight of UV absorber (produced by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., model UV329) to 100 parts by weight of EMMA resin (Sumitomo Chemical, model WK302), fully The mixture was mixed and heated until the EMMA resin was sufficiently melted, smelted by heat for 8 minutes, and then extruded by a T die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 300 μm.
( 2) 取厚度为 400μηι铝箔， 表面通过激光加工刻饰出总面积占铝箔表面积 25%的 均匀分布的 ΙΟΟμηι的微孔。  (2) Take a thickness of 400μηι aluminum foil, and the surface is laser-processed to engrave the uniformly distributed ΙΟΟμηι micropores with a total area of 25% of the surface area of the aluminum foil.
( 3 ) 对厚度为 200μηι的 PET膜 （江苏裕兴薄膜科技股份有限公司， CY11 ) 的两 面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 （2 ) 中所 得的 400μηι的铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电池背板， 记作 S6。 对比例 1  (3) Corona treatment is applied to both sides of a PET film (Jiangsu Yuxing Film Technology Co., Ltd., CY11) having a thickness of 200 μm, coated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive on the surface, and the film layer obtained in (1) The 400 μηι aluminum foil layer obtained in (2) was composited to obtain a solar cell back sheet, which was designated as S6. Comparative example 1
本实施例提供了一种太阳能电池背板作为对比， 该太阳能电池背板的制备方法包括 以下步骤：  This embodiment provides a solar cell backplane as a comparison. The method for preparing the solar cell backplane includes the following steps:
( 1 )在 90重量份的 EVA树脂（韩国三星综合化学有限公司产品， 型号为 E032A) 中添加 7重量份的二氧化硅、 2重量份的苯并***系紫外吸收剂（由汽巴精化公司生产， 型号 UV329) ， 进行充分混合并加热至 EVA树脂充分熔融， 保温熔炼 2分钟， 然后采 用 T模头挤压机挤压成形， 从而得到厚度为 200μηι的粘结膜层。  (1) Adding 7 parts by weight of silica and 2 parts by weight of benzotriazole-based UV absorber (by Cibafine) to 90 parts by weight of EVA resin (product of Korea Samsung Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., model E032A) The company produced, model UV329), was thoroughly mixed and heated until the EVA resin was fully melted, smelted for 2 minutes, and then extruded by a T-die extruder to obtain an adhesive film layer having a thickness of 200 μm.
( 2) 对厚度为 250μηι的 PET膜 （江苏裕兴薄膜科技股份有限公司， CY11 ) 的两 面进行电晕处理， 在表面涂覆双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂， 与 （1 ) 中所得的膜层及 150μηι的 铝箔层进行复合， 制得太阳能电池背板记作 DS1。 性能测试：  (2) Corona treatment of both sides of a PET film (Jiangsu Yuxing Film Technology Co., Ltd., CY11) having a thickness of 250 μm, coating a surface with a two-component polyurethane adhesive, and the film obtained in (1) The aluminum foil layer of 150 μηι was composited to obtain a solar cell back sheet, which was designated as DS1. Performance Testing:
水汽透过率： 按 GB/T 21529-2008进行， 测试参数： 温度 38 °C， 湿度： 90%， 时间 24ho 结果见表 1。 表 1 Water vapor transmission rate: According to GB/T 21529-2008, test parameters: temperature 38 °C, humidity: 90%, time 24ho The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1
样品 水汽透过率 (g/m2d) Sample water vapor transmission rate (g/m 2 d)
SI 2.48  SI 2.48
S2 2.12  S2 2.12
S3 1.80  S3 1.80
S4 1.52  S4 1.52
S5 2.52  S5 2.52
S6 2.68  S6 2.68
DS1 0.01 从表 1可以看出，通过本发明的实施例制备的太阳能电池背板具有明显更高的水汽 透过率。 因此可以推出， 本发明提供的太阳能电池背板， 其机械性能强， 具有高抗冲击 性能， 且能及时排除组件中产生的醋酸等气体， 防止长时间的太阳能电池组件中气体的 积累对太阳能电池组件的性能的影响， 影响太阳能电池组件的使用寿命。 在本说明书的描述中， 参考术语 "一个实施例" 、 "一些实施例" 、 "示例" 、 "具体示例" 、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中， 对上述术 语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且， 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。 此外， 本领 域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。  DS1 0.01 As can be seen from Table 1, the solar cell backsheet prepared by the embodiment of the present invention has a significantly higher water vapor transmission rate. Therefore, the solar cell backsheet provided by the invention has strong mechanical properties, high impact resistance, and can timely remove gases such as acetic acid generated in the assembly, and prevent gas accumulation in the solar cell module for a long time. The impact of component performance affects the life of the solar module. In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means specific features described in connection with the embodiments or examples. A structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Further, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be joined and combined by those skilled in the art.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明的精神 和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。  The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
1. 一种太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 包括依次层叠的粘结层、 阻水层及支撑层， 所述支撑层由铝箔制成且具有透气结构。  A solar battery back sheet comprising an adhesive layer, a water blocking layer and a support layer which are sequentially laminated, the support layer being made of aluminum foil and having a gas permeable structure.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的太阳能电池背板，其特征在于，所述透气结构为分布在所 述支撑层的表面的狭缝和 /或孔洞结构。  2. The solar cell backsheet of claim 1 wherein the gas permeable structure is a slit and/or pore structure distributed over a surface of the support layer.
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述狭缝和 /或孔洞结构 的总面积占所述支撑层的表面面积的 0.1%-50%。  The solar cell backsheet according to claim 2, wherein the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure accounts for 0.1% to 50% of the surface area of the support layer.
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述狭缝和 /或孔洞结构 的总面积占所述支撑层的表面面积的 5%-30%。  The solar cell backsheet according to claim 3, wherein the total area of the slit and/or the hole structure accounts for 5% to 30% of the surface area of the support layer.
5. 根据权利要求 2-4中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述狭缝的 宽度为 0.1 μηι-10000μηι， 长度为 0.1 m-10cm。  The solar battery back sheet according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the slit has a width of 0.1 μηι to 10000 μηι and a length of 0.1 m to 10 cm.
6. 根据权利要求 5 所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述狭缝的宽度为 0.2μηι-5000μηι, 长度为 l m-5cm。  The solar battery back sheet according to claim 5, wherein the slit has a width of 0.2 μm to 5000 μm and a length of 1 m to 5 cm.
7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述狭缝的宽度为 0.5μηι- 10μηι, 长度为 1 μηι-200μηι。  The solar battery back sheet according to claim 6, wherein the slit has a width of 0.5 μm to 10 μm and a length of 1 μηι to 200 μm.
8. 根据权利要求 2-7中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述孔洞的 直径为 0.1 μηι-1000μηι。  The solar battery back sheet according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein the hole has a diameter of 0.1 μηι - 1000 μηι.
9. 根据权利要求 8 所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述孔洞的直径为 0.2μηι-200μηι。  The solar cell backsheet according to claim 8, wherein the hole has a diameter of 0.2 μm to 200 μm.
10. 根据权利要求 1-9中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述粘结 层包含下列中的一种或多种： 乙烯 -醋酸乙烯共聚物、 聚乙烯、 乙烯 -甲基丙烯酸甲酯共 聚物和聚乙烯醇縮丁醛；  The solar cell backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the adhesive layer comprises one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, Ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and polyvinyl butyral;
所述阻水层包含下列中的一种或多种： 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二 酯。  The water blocking layer comprises one or more of the following: polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
11. 根据权利要求 1-10中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述粘结 层和所述阻水层通过热压结合， 所述阻水层和所述支撑层通过胶粘结合。  The solar cell backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the bonding layer and the water blocking layer are bonded by thermocompression, the water blocking layer and the support The layers are bonded by gluing.
12. 根据权利要求 1-1 1中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 进一步包 括：  The solar cell backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 1, further comprising:
第一胶黏剂层， 所述第一胶黏剂层设在所述粘结层和所述阻水层之间， 和 第二胶黏剂层， 所述第二胶黏剂层设在所述阻水层和所述支撑层之间。  a first adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer is disposed between the bonding layer and the water blocking layer, and a second adhesive layer, wherein the second adhesive layer is disposed at Between the water blocking layer and the support layer.
13. 根据权利要求 1-12中的任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述粘结 层的厚度为 30-1000μηι ; 所述阻水层的厚度为 100-800μηι ; 所述支撑层的厚度为 50-1000μηι。 The solar cell backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 30-1000 μm ; and the water-blocking layer has a thickness of 100-800 μm ; The thickness of the support layer is 50-1000 μm.
14. 根据权利要求 13 所述的太阳能电池背板， 其特征在于， 所述粘结层的厚度为 100-500μηΐ; 所述阻水层的厚度为 200-400μηι; 所述支撑层的厚度为 100-500μηι。  The solar cell backsheet according to claim 13, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 100-500 μηΐ; the water blocking layer has a thickness of 200-400 μm; and the support layer has a thickness of 100 -500μηι.
15. —种太阳能电池组件， 包括依次层叠的背板、 密封胶层、 电池片、 密封胶层和 透光层， 其特征在于， 所述背板为权利要求 1-14 中任一项所述的太阳能电池背板， 述太阳能电池背板的粘结层与所述密封胶层接触。 15. A solar cell module comprising a backing layer, a sealant layer, a cell sheet, a sealant layer and The light-transmitting layer is characterized in that the back sheet is the solar battery back sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 14, and the adhesive layer of the solar battery back sheet is in contact with the sealant layer.
PCT/CN2013/090508 2013-03-27 2013-12-26 Solar cell back panel and solar cell assembly WO2014153997A1 (en)

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CN111524988A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-11 苏州福斯特光伏材料有限公司 Local water-blocking solar cell panel and preparation method thereof
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