WO2014146352A1

WO2014146352A1 - Biofilter

Info

Publication number: WO2014146352A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/076723
Authority: WO
Inventors: 冯济武
Original assignee: 京东方科技集团股份有限公司; 成都京东方光电科技有限公司
Priority date: 2013-03-22
Filing date: 2013-06-04
Publication date: 2014-09-25
Also published as: CN103159319A

Abstract

Disclosed is a biofilter, comprising: a biofilter chamber (4) used for housing biological packing material (20) and having a water outlet located at the bottom of the biofilter chamber (4); a water inlet pipe (22), two ends of the water inlet pipe (22) being provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, respectively, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe (22) extending from the top part of the biofilter chamber (4) to the interior of the biofilter chamber (4); jet injectors (5) used for oxygenating water entering the water inlet pipe (22) and provided between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe (22); a lifting pump used for raising the pressure of water entering the water inlet pipe (22) and provided at the water inlet of the water inlet pipe (22); and a water outlet pipe (9) in communication with the water outlet at the bottom of the biofilter chamber (4). Using a jet injector to sufficiently oxygenate incoming water ensures a uniform oxygenation throughout the biofilter chamber, increasing the removal rate of pollutants.

Description

生物过滤器技术领域 Biofilter technology

本公开涉及废水处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种生物过滤器。背景技术 The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a biological filter. Background technique

现有各种曝气生物滤池。如图 1所示：曝气生物过滤器包括：配水槽 1 , 单孔膜空气扩散器 2, 反沖洗进水管 3 , 反沖洗进气管 4, 滤头 5 , 曝气管 6, 反沖洗排水管 7, 正常排水管 8, 生物滤料 9。水通过泵（未显示）泵至配水槽 1 , 经配水管从底部进入生物滤池，水自下而上，由于配水槽 1和正常排水管 8之间的高度差，经处理后的水从正常排水管 8排出，在这个过程中，同时需要启动鼓风机通过曝气管 6和单孔膜空气扩散器 2给生物滤池提供空气现有的曝气生物滤池存在以下不足： There are various aerated biological filters available. As shown in Figure 1: The aerated biological filter includes: water distribution tank 1, single-hole membrane air diffuser 2, backwashing inlet pipe 3, backwashing inlet pipe 4, filter head 5, aeration pipe 6, backwashing drain pipe 7, normal drain pipe 8, biological filter material 9. The water is pumped to the distribution tank 1 by a pump (not shown), and enters the biological filter from the bottom through the water distribution pipe. The water is from bottom to top. Due to the difference in height between the water distribution tank 1 and the normal drainage pipe 8, the treated water is removed from the water. The normal drain pipe 8 is discharged. In this process, it is necessary to start the blower to supply air to the biofilter through the aeration pipe 6 and the single-hole membrane air diffuser 2. The existing aerated biological filter has the following disadvantages:

一、需要单独设置曝气装置，从而在废水活性污泥法水处理过程中向生物滤池供氧。曝气装置一般包括鼓风机（未显示 )以及在滤池中设置的曝气管 6, 导致建设成本和运行成本高，而且这种曝气方式还存在滤池底部充氧过剩而滤池上部充氧不足的情况。 First, a separate aeration device is required to supply oxygen to the biofilter during the wastewater activated sludge process. The aeration device generally includes a blower (not shown) and an aeration pipe 6 disposed in the filter tank, resulting in high construction cost and running cost, and the aeration mode also has excess oxygenation at the bottom of the filter tank and oxygenation of the upper portion of the filter tank. Insufficient situation.

二、采用单一滤料如单一活性炭或活性炭加火山石、牡蛎壳等的混合料，存在去除效率不高的问题。发明内容 Second, the use of a single filter material such as a single activated carbon or activated carbon plus volcanic stone, oyster shell and other mixed materials, there is a problem of low removal efficiency. Summary of the invention

本公开提供了一种生物过滤器，建设成本和运行维护成本大幅降低，保证滤池内各个部位的均勾充氧。 The present disclosure provides a biological filter, which greatly reduces construction cost and operation and maintenance cost, and ensures that all parts of the filter are filled with oxygen.

根据本公开的生物过滤器包括：包括：用于容纳生物填料的生物滤池，其具有位于所述生物滤池底部的出水口；进水管道，所述进水管道的两端分别设有进水口和出水口，所述进水管道的出水口从所述生物滤池的顶部延伸至所述生物滤池内；用于将进入进水管道的水进行充氧的射流器，其设置在所述进水管道的进水口和出水口之间；用于提升进入所述进水管道的水的压力的提升泵，设置在所述进水管道的进水口；和出水管道，与所述生物滤池的出水口连通。 The biofilter according to the present disclosure includes: a biofilter for containing a bio-filler having a water outlet at a bottom of the bio-filter; an inlet pipe, the two ends of the inlet pipe are respectively provided with a water outlet and a water outlet, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe extending from the top of the biological filter into the biological filter; a jet for oxygenating the water entering the water inlet pipe, which is disposed at the water inlet Between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe; a lift pump for raising the pressure of the water entering the water inlet pipe, a water inlet provided at the water inlet pipe; and a water outlet pipe, and the biological filter Pool The outlet is connected.

在一个示例中，所述射流器包括射流器进水管和射流器出水管，所述射流器进水管与所述进水管道的进水口连通，所述射流器出水管与所述进水管道的出水口连通，所述射流器还包括设置在所述射流器进水口和所述射流器出水口之间的混合室，所述混合室的侧壁分别设有空气入口和用于添加营养药液的药液入口。 In one example, the fluidizer includes a jet inlet pipe and a jet outlet pipe, the jet inlet pipe being in communication with a water inlet of the inlet pipe, the jet outlet pipe and the inlet pipe The water outlet is connected, the jetter further comprises a mixing chamber disposed between the jet inlet and the jet outlet, the side walls of the mixing chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet and for adding nutrient solution The liquid medicine inlet.

在一个示例中，所述射流器出水管的一端为与所述混合室连通的喉管，另一端为与所述进水管道的出水口连通的扩散管，所述喉管的内径小于所述扩散管的内径。 In one example, one end of the jet outlet pipe is a throat that communicates with the mixing chamber, and the other end is a diffuser pipe that communicates with the water outlet of the water inlet pipe, the inner diameter of the throat is smaller than the The inner diameter of the diffuser.

在一个示例中，所述射流器进水管的与所述混合室所述连通的一端的内径缩小形成一喷嘴。 In one example, the inner diameter of the end of the jet inlet tube that communicates with the mixing chamber is reduced to form a nozzle.

在一个示例中，所述射流器进水管设有射流器入口控制阀，所述射流器出水管设有射流器出口控制阀。 In one example, the jet inlet tube is provided with a jet inlet control valve, and the jet outlet tube is provided with a jet outlet control valve.

在一个示例中，所述生物滤池为密封式生物滤池。 In one example, the biofilter is a sealed biofilter.

在一个示例中，所述进水管道的出水口设置有布水器。 In one example, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water distributor.

在一个示例中，生物过滤器还包括与所述生物滤池的出水口连通的反洗进水管道，以及与所述布水器连通的反洗出水管道。 In one example, the biofilter further includes a backwash water inlet conduit in communication with the water outlet of the biofilter, and a backwash water conduit in communication with the water distributor.

在一个示例中，所述反洗进水管道上设有反洗进水阀，所述反洗出水管道上设有反洗出水阀。 In one example, the backwashing water pipe is provided with a backwashing water inlet valve, and the backwashing water pipe is provided with a backwashing water outlet valve.

在一个示例中，所述反洗进水阀和所述反洗出水阀均为自动控制阀。在一个示例中，所述生物滤池还包括用于将所述生物滤池内部的水排出的排空管道，所述排空管道与所述生物滤池的出水口连通。 In one example, the backwash inlet valve and the backwash outlet valve are both automatic control valves. In one example, the biofilter further includes an evacuation conduit for draining water from within the biofilter, the evacuation conduit being in communication with a water outlet of the biofilter.

在一个示例中，所述生物滤池的下部设有用于防止所述生物填料被排出的集水水帽。 In one example, the lower portion of the biofilter is provided with a water collection cap for preventing the biofill from being discharged.

在一个示例中，所述生物滤池的顶部和 /或中部设有生物填料入口，所述生物滤池的底部设有用于安装所述集水水帽的安装口。 In one example, the biofilter inlet is provided at the top and/or the middle of the biofilter, and the bottom of the biofilter is provided with a mounting port for mounting the header cap.

在一个示例中，所述进水管道的出水口设有生物滤池进水阀，所述出水管道上设有出水阀。 In one example, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a biological filter inlet valve, and the outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet valve.

在一个示例中，所述生物填料为活化沸石和活性炭混合滤料。 In one example, the biofiller is an activated zeolite and activated carbon mixed filter.

根据本公开，采用射流器对废水进行供氧，使废水充分充氧，从而不需要单独设置曝气装置供氧，建设成本和运行维护成本大幅降低；且废水是从生物滤池的顶部进入，避免生物滤池底部充氧过剩而生物滤池上部充氧不足的情况，明显提高了污染物的去除率。附图说明 According to the present disclosure, the wastewater is supplied with oxygen by the jet, so that the wastewater is fully oxygenated, without The aeration device should be separately provided for oxygen supply, and the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost are greatly reduced; and the wastewater enters from the top of the biofilter, avoiding the oxygenation at the bottom of the biofilter and the lack of oxygen in the upper part of the biofilter, which is obviously improved. The removal rate of pollutants. DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本公开或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对本公开提供的技术方案或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的技术方案的部分具体实施方式图示说明，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings to be used in the technical solutions provided in the present disclosure or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and obviously, the attached in the following description The drawings are merely illustrative of some specific embodiments of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the drawings without any creative work.

图 1表示现有生物过滤器结构示意图； Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional biofilter;

图 2表示本公开实施例生物过滤器结构示意图； 2 is a schematic structural view of a biological filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图 3表示本公开实施例中集水水帽结构示意图； 3 is a schematic structural view of a water collecting cap in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图 4表示本公开实施例中射流器结构示意图。具体实施方式 Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of a jet in the embodiment of the present disclosure. detailed description

下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the disclosure.

除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的 "第一"、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样， "一个" 或者 "一" 等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。 "连接" 或者 "相连"等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。 "上"、 "下"、 "左"、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。 Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall be used in the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the words "a" or "an" do not mean a quantity limitation, but rather mean that there is at least one. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right", etc. are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship is also changed accordingly.

如图 2所示，本实施例提供一种生物过滤器。该生物过滤器包括：用于容纳生物填料 20的生物滤池 4; 设有射流器 5的进水管道 22, 所述进水管道 22的两端分别设有与提升泵（未显示）连接的进水口、及从所述生物滤池 4的顶部延伸至所述生物滤池 4内部的出水口；和与所述生物滤池 4底部的出水口连通的出水管道 9。 As shown in FIG. 2, this embodiment provides a biofilter. The biofilter comprises: a biofilter 4 for containing a biofiller 20; a water inlet conduit 22 provided with a jet 5, the inlet pipe The two ends of the passage 22 are respectively provided with a water inlet connected to a lift pump (not shown), and a water outlet extending from the top of the biological filter 4 to the inside of the biological filter 4; and the biological filter 4 The water outlet of the bottom of the outlet is connected to the water outlet pipe 9.

采用射流器 5 , 使进入生物滤池 4内的废水充分充氧，保证生物滤池 4 内各个部位的均匀充氧，明显提高了污染物的去除率，同时解决了现有技术需要单独设置曝气装置的问题，建设成本和运行维护成本大幅降低。生物滤池采用生物填料，进入生物滤池的水是高压水，高压水流比传统重力流曝气生物滤池具有更高的过水能力和处理效率，更适合水量不大的场合，而且建设周期大大缩短。 The use of the jet 5 allows the wastewater entering the biological filter 4 to be fully oxygenated, ensuring uniform oxygenation in various parts of the biological filter 4, significantly improving the removal rate of the pollutants, and simultaneously solving the prior art requires separate exposure. The problem of gas installations, construction costs and operation and maintenance costs are greatly reduced. The biological filter uses bio-filler, and the water entering the bio-filter is high-pressure water. The high-pressure water flow has higher water-passing capacity and treatment efficiency than the traditional gravity-flow biological aerated filter, and is more suitable for occasions with less water, and the construction period. Greatly shortened.

需要指出的是：重力流是指通过在进水侧和出水侧设置一个高度差，水流靠自身的重力从高处流向低处，流速和设置的高度差有关。 It should be pointed out that gravity flow means that by setting a height difference on the inlet side and the outlet side, the water flow flows from a high point to a low point by its own gravity, and the flow rate is related to the set height difference.

过水能力是指在相同时间通过生物滤池的水的量。因为本公开实施例的生物过滤器是密闭的可以承受一定压力的装置，可以直接通过泵将水泵至生物滤池 4内，并从出水管道 9流出，这样水的流速就比重力流曝气生物滤池的水的流速高，所以在相同时间，处理水的能力增加。 The ability to pass water refers to the amount of water that passes through the biofilter at the same time. Since the biofilter of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a closed device capable of withstanding a certain pressure, the pump can be directly pumped into the biofilter 4 and flowed out of the outlet pipe 9, so that the flow rate of the water is higher than that of the gravity flow aeration organism. The flow rate of the water in the filter is high, so at the same time, the ability to treat water increases.

本实施例中，所述进水口设置有布水器 21 , 使得进入生物滤池 4的水均匀分布在生物填料的表面。 In this embodiment, the water inlet is provided with a water distributor 21 such that the water entering the biological filter 4 is evenly distributed on the surface of the biological filler.

本实施例中，所述射流器 5有 2个，但不以此为限，射流器 5的数量可以根据实际水量所需要的充氧量来设定，射流器 5的数量随需求的充氧量的增加而增加。 In this embodiment, the number of the jets 5 is two, but not limited thereto. The number of the jets 5 can be set according to the amount of oxygen required for the actual amount of water, and the number of the jets 5 is oxygenated as required. The amount increases and increases.

如图 2所示，本实施例中，生物过滤器采用一条进水管道 22, 在进水管道 22的进水口和出水口之间设有 2条支路（所述支路的数量不限，可以根据实际需要设定），且每一条所述支路上设有一个射流器 5。这样只需要在进水管道 22的进水口处连接一个用于提升进入水压力的提升泵即可。相对于采用多条分别具有射流器 5和提升泵的进水管道，每个进水管道的进水口处连接同一个提升泵，可以节省成本。 As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment, the biological filter adopts a water inlet pipe 22, and two branches are provided between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 22 (the number of the branches is not limited, It can be set according to actual needs), and one jet 5 is provided on each of the branches. This only requires a lift pump for increasing the inlet water pressure at the water inlet of the inlet pipe 22. Compared to the use of multiple inlet pipes with a jet 5 and a lift pump, the same lift pump is connected to the inlet of each inlet pipe, which saves costs.

射流器 5在靠近进水管道 22的进水口的一端设有空气入口 7和用于添力口营养药液的药液入口 8。 The jet 5 is provided at one end of the water inlet close to the water inlet pipe 22 with an air inlet 7 and a chemical liquid inlet 8 for the nutrient solution for the filling port.

所述营养药液可以为添加尿素的溶液以提高废水中的氮元素浓度，也可以为满足微生物的生长需求的其他营养药液。 The nutrient solution may be a solution of urea added to increase the concentration of nitrogen in the wastewater, or may be other nutrient solution that meets the growth requirements of the microorganism.

当一定压力的水通过射流器 5时，将会在射流器 5的空气入口 7、及药液入口 8所处的进水口一端形成强大的真空区。利用这一原理，通过空气入口 7吸入大量的空气进入射流器 5 , 和进水管道 22内的水流充分混合，达到给通过的废水充氧的目的。 When a certain pressure of water passes through the jet 5, it will be at the air inlet 7 of the jet 5, and the medicine One end of the water inlet of the liquid inlet 8 forms a strong vacuum zone. With this principle, a large amount of air is taken in through the air inlet 7 into the jet 5, and the water flow in the water inlet pipe 22 is thoroughly mixed to achieve the purpose of oxygenating the passed wastewater.

药液入口 8的设置，节省了单独设置加药装置的投资。如果需要给废水中添加营养物质，如添加尿素溶液以提高废水中的氮元素浓度，满足微生物的生长需求，可以将药液入口 8经由吸液管连接至药液贮槽。如此该压力式富氧生物滤器在运行时就可以实现药液的自动投加。 The setting of the liquid medicine inlet 8 saves the investment of separately setting the dosing device. If it is necessary to add nutrients to the wastewater, such as adding a urea solution to increase the concentration of nitrogen in the wastewater to meet the growth requirements of the microorganisms, the liquid inlet 8 can be connected to the liquid storage tank via a pipette. Thus, the pressure type oxygen-enriched biofilter can realize automatic dosing of the liquid medicine during operation.

如图 4所示，射流器 5包括射流器进水管 56和射流器出水管 51 , 射流器进水管 56与进水管道 22的进水口连通，射流器出水管 51与进水管道 22 的出水口连通，与在射流器进水口 56和射流器出水口 51之间设有混合室 53 , 混合室 53两侧的侧壁上分别设有空气入口 7和药液入口 8。射流器出水管 51的一端为与混合室 53连通的喉管 52, 另一端为与进水管道 22连通的扩散管 54, 喉管 52的内径比扩散管 54的内径小。射流器进水管 56与混合室 53连通的一端的内径缩小形成一喷嘴。 As shown in FIG. 4, the jet 5 includes a jet inlet pipe 56 and a jet outlet pipe 51. The jet inlet pipe 56 communicates with the water inlet of the inlet pipe 22, and the outlets of the jet outlet pipe 51 and the inlet pipe 22 are provided. In communication, a mixing chamber 53 is provided between the jet inlet 56 and the jet outlet 51, and air inlets 7 and chemical inlets 8 are respectively provided on the side walls on both sides of the mixing chamber 53. One end of the jet outlet pipe 51 is a throat 52 communicating with the mixing chamber 53, and the other end is a diffuser pipe communicating with the water inlet pipe 54, and the inner diameter of the throat 52 is smaller than the inner diameter of the diffuser pipe 54. The inner diameter of the end of the jet inlet pipe 56 communicating with the mixing chamber 53 is reduced to form a nozzle.

空气入口 7可设有空气进入控制阀。药液入口 8可设有药液进入控制阀。可以通过调节空气进入控制阀，控制空气进入的量，从而控制水中溶解氧的浓度在合理水平；或调节药液进入控制阀，控制药液的进入量。 The air inlet 7 can be provided with an air inlet control valve. The liquid inlet 8 can be provided with a chemical liquid to enter the control valve. The air can be controlled by adjusting the air to control the amount of air entering, so as to control the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water at a reasonable level; or adjust the liquid into the control valve to control the amount of liquid entering.

进水管道 22的出水口设有生物滤池进水阀 2。出水管道 9设有出水阀 The water inlet port of the water inlet pipe 22 is provided with a biological filter inlet valve 2. Outlet pipe 9 with outlet valve

16。 16.

射流器 5的进水口设有射流器入口控制阀 6, 射流器 5的出水口设有射流器出口控制阀 3。 The water inlet of the jet 5 is provided with a jet inlet control valve 6, and the outlet of the jet 5 is provided with a jet outlet control valve 3.

生物过滤器还包括与生物滤池 4 的底部的出水口连通的反洗进水管道 The biofilter also includes a backwash inlet pipe that communicates with the outlet of the bottom of the biofilter 4

10, 以及与布水器 21连通的反洗出水管道 12。本实施例中，为了节省成本，反洗出水管道 12与进水管道 22可部分重叠。 10, and a backwash water pipe 12 connected to the water distributor 21. In the present embodiment, in order to save costs, the backwash water outlet pipe 12 and the water inlet pipe 22 may partially overlap.

反洗进水管道 10可设有反洗进水阀 17 , 反洗出水管道 12可设有反洗出水阀 1。 The backwashing water pipe 10 may be provided with a backwashing water inlet valve 17, and the backwashing water pipe 12 may be provided with a backwashing water outlet valve 1.

优选的，反洗进水阀 17和反洗出水阀 1均可采用自动控制阀，从而节省人力，方便反洗的控制。 Preferably, the backwashing inlet valve 17 and the backwashing outlet valve 1 can each adopt an automatic control valve, thereby saving manpower and facilitating backwash control.

当生物过滤器运行一段时间后，需要对其进行反沖洗。此时关闭进水阀 2和出水阀 16, 打开反洗出水阀 1和反洗进水阀 17, 反洗进水管道 10的进水口与泵（未显示）连接，从反洗进水管道 10泵入清水，该清水可为，处理后的从所述出水管道 9排出的水。清水从生物滤池 4的底部进入生物滤池 4内，水自下而上流动，使生物填料松动，并将被生物填料截留的大颗粒物从生物滤池 4顶部的反洗出水管道 12带走。经过一段时间的反沖洗，使得生物滤池 4重新具备^艮高的过水能力，重新投入正常运行。 When the biofilter runs for a period of time, it needs to be backwashed. At this time, the inlet valve 2 and the outlet valve 16 are closed, the backwashing water outlet valve 1 and the backwashing inlet valve 17 are opened, and the water inlet of the backwashing water inlet pipe 10 is connected to a pump (not shown), from the backwashing water inlet pipe 10 Pumped into clean water, the water can be, The water discharged from the water outlet pipe 9 is removed. The clean water enters the biofilter 4 from the bottom of the biofilter 4, and the water flows from bottom to top, loosening the bio-filler, and taking away the large particles trapped by the bio-package from the backwash water pipe 12 at the top of the biofilter 4 . After a period of backwashing, the biofilter 4 is re-equipped with high water capacity and put back into normal operation.

生物过滤器还包括用于将生物滤池 4 内部的水排出的排空管道 11 , 排空管道 11与生物滤池 4的底部的出水口连通。 The biofilter further includes an evacuation duct 11 for discharging water inside the biofilter 4, and the evacuation duct 11 communicates with the water outlet of the bottom of the biofilter 4.

排空管道 11可设有排空控制阀 18。当需要对生物滤池进行维修时，需要通过所述排空管道 11将生物滤池 4内的水全部排出。 The venting pipe 11 can be provided with an vent control valve 18. When it is necessary to repair the biofilter, it is necessary to discharge all the water in the biofilter 4 through the evacuation pipe 11.

生物滤池 4的下部设有用于防止生物填料 20被排出的集水水帽 19。如图 3所示，集水水帽 19包括具有中空腔体的锥台结构 191 , 锥台结构 191 的侧面上设有若干可供水通过、避免生物填料通过的条形通槽结构 1911 , 锥台结构 191底部设有中空的连接杆 192, 连接杆 192的一端与锥台结构 191的中空腔体连通。 The lower portion of the biofilter 4 is provided with a water collecting cap 19 for preventing the bio-filler 20 from being discharged. As shown in FIG. 3, the water collecting cap 19 includes a frustum structure 191 having a hollow cavity. The side of the frustum structure 191 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped channel structures 1911 for allowing water to pass through and avoiding the passage of biofillers. The bottom of the structure 191 is provided with a hollow connecting rod 192, and one end of the connecting rod 192 communicates with the hollow body of the frustum structure 191.

在生物滤池 4的下部可设置一块连接板，在该连接板上设有若干用于安装集水水帽 19的安装孔，安装孔的大小略大于所述连接杆 192的直径。连接杆 192的一端从连接板的上方穿过安装孔，在连接板下方采用紧固螺帽旋紧在连接杆 192上，从而将集水水帽 19紧固在连接板上。 A connecting plate may be disposed at a lower portion of the biofilter 4, and a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the water collecting cap 19 are provided on the connecting plate, the mounting holes being slightly larger in size than the connecting rod 192. One end of the connecting rod 192 passes through the mounting hole from above the connecting plate, and a fastening nut is fastened under the connecting plate to the connecting rod 192 to fasten the water collecting cap 19 to the connecting plate.

本实施例中，所述通槽结构 1911的宽度为 0.2mm, 而生物填料的直径大小一般在 2~4mm, 所以该通槽结构只允许水通过，可以防止滤料流失。 In this embodiment, the width of the through-groove structure 1911 is 0.2 mm, and the diameter of the biological filler is generally 2 to 4 mm. Therefore, the through-groove structure only allows water to pass through, and the filter material can be prevented from being lost.

运行时，水可以从集水水帽 19上的通槽结构 1911通过，进入锥台结构 During operation, water can pass through the channel structure 1911 on the water collecting cap 19 and enter the frustum structure.

191的中空腔体内，从而通过连接杆 192流出。 The hollow body of the 191 is thereby flowed out through the connecting rod 192.

本实施例中，生物滤池 4采用钢材料制作。连接板的材料也可为钢，因此生物滤池 4的结构筒单，制造精度高。 In this embodiment, the biofilter 4 is made of a steel material. The material of the connecting plate can also be steel, so the structure of the biological filter 4 is simple, and the manufacturing precision is high.

生物滤池 4的顶部和中部均设有生物填料入口 13 , 生物滤池 4的底部设有利于将集水水帽 19安装于生物滤池内的安装口 15。 The biofilter 4 has a biofill inlet 13 at the top and the middle, and a bottom 15 of the biofilter 4 is provided with a mounting port 15 for facilitating the installation of the catch cap 19 in the biofilter.

当生物滤池 4内的生物填料 20的上表面未达到生物滤池的中部的生物填料入口 13时，可以通过所述生物滤池 4的顶部和 /或中部的生物填料入口中部的生物填料入口 13时，为防止生物填料 20漏出，只能通过所述生物滤池 4的顶部的生物填料入口 13加入生物填料。 When the upper surface of the biofiller 20 in the biofilter 4 does not reach the biofill inlet 13 in the middle of the biofilter, the biofill inlet in the middle of the biofill inlet of the biofilter 4 may be passed through the top and/or middle of the biofilter 4 At 1300, to prevent leakage of the biofiller 20, the biofiller can only be added through the biofiller inlet 13 at the top of the biofilter 4.

本实施例中，生物填料 20例如为活化沸石和活性炭混合滤料，对化学需氧量（ COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand )去除率可以达到 85%以上，尤其是对浊度和氨氮的去除率可达到 98%以上。 In this embodiment, the bio-filler 20 is, for example, a mixed filter material of activated zeolite and activated carbon, for chemistry The removal rate of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) can reach more than 85%, especially the removal rate of turbidity and ammonia nitrogen can reach over 98%.

活化沸石和活性炭两者的结构都是具有很大的表面积，且对有机物有很强的吸附作用，特别是沸石具有离子交换能力，可以吸附水中的重金属离子和铵离子等，对水中氨氮的去除效率尤其明显.而酸洗椰壳制成的活性炭具有很强耐腐蚀性和很高的机械强度，尤其对色度的去除非常卓越。 Both activated zeolite and activated carbon have a large surface area and strong adsorption to organic matter. In particular, zeolite has ion exchange capacity, which can adsorb heavy metal ions and ammonium ions in water, and remove ammonia nitrogen from water. The efficiency is especially pronounced. The activated carbon made from pickled coconut shell has strong corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, especially for the removal of color.

以下具体介绍如图 2所示的生物过滤器的工作过程。 The working process of the biofilter shown in Fig. 2 is specifically described below.

正常运行时，打开进水阀 2和出水阀 16, 以及空气入口 7处的空气进个射流器 5。当一定压力的水以高的速度从如图 4所示的喷嘴 55喷出，进入射流器的混合室 53时，会在混合室 53形成真空，即会在空气入口 7和药液入口 8处形成真空区，从而可通过空气入口 7吸入大量的空气进入射流器 5的混合室 53 , 空气在喉管 52处与水剧烈混合，达到给通过的废水充氧的目的。与空气混合的水由扩散管 54排出，空气在水中以细微气泡上升，在整个过程中形成高效的物质传递，可以对污水进行消毒，净化。这里可以通过调节空气入口 7处的空气进入控制阀控制空气进入的量，从而控制水中溶解氧的浓度在合理水平。同时，如果需要给废水中添加营养物质，如添加尿素溶液提高废水中的氮元素浓度，满足微生物的生长需求，可以经由吸液管将药液入口 8连接至药液贮槽，打开药液入口 8处的药液进入控制阀， *** 运行时就可以实现药液的自动投加。 In normal operation, the inlet valve 2 and the outlet valve 16, and the air at the air inlet 7 are opened into the jet 5. When a certain pressure of water is ejected from the nozzle 55 as shown in Fig. 4 at a high speed, entering the mixing chamber 53 of the jet, a vacuum is formed in the mixing chamber 53, i.e., at the air inlet 7 and the liquid inlet 8 A vacuum zone is formed so that a large amount of air can be drawn through the air inlet 7 into the mixing chamber 53 of the jet 5, and the air is vigorously mixed with the water at the throat 52 to achieve the purpose of oxygenating the passed wastewater. The water mixed with the air is discharged by the diffusion pipe 54, and the air rises in the water with fine bubbles, and an efficient substance transfer is formed throughout the process, and the sewage can be disinfected and purified. Here, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water can be controlled to a reasonable level by adjusting the amount of air entering the control valve at the air inlet 7 to control the amount of air entering. At the same time, if it is necessary to add nutrients to the wastewater, such as adding a urea solution to increase the concentration of nitrogen in the wastewater to meet the growth requirements of the microorganisms, the liquid inlet 8 can be connected to the liquid storage tank through the pipette to open the liquid inlet. The 8 liquid medicines enter the control valve, and the automatic injection of the liquid medicine can be realized when the system is running.

然后，充分充氧后的富氧废水到达布水器 21 , 使进水均勾分配在生物填料 20表面。废水在生物滤池 4内从上而下经过活化沸石、酸洗椰壳活性炭混合生物填料。活化沸石和椰壳活性炭都具有很大的表面积，而且对有机物有很强的吸附作用，这就给微生物的生长提供了很好的生长环境，在此处微生物快速繁殖生长，不断消耗废水中的污染物质，从而使废水得以净化。 Then, the oxygen-enriched wastewater which has been sufficiently oxygenated reaches the water distributor 21, and the influent water is distributed on the surface of the biological filler 20. The wastewater is passed from the top to the bottom in the biofilter 4 through activated zeolite, pickled coconut shell activated carbon mixed biofiller. Both activated zeolite and coconut shell activated carbon have a large surface area and have a strong adsorption effect on organic matter, which provides a good growth environment for the growth of microorganisms, where microorganisms rapidly grow and grow, and continuously consume waste water. Contaminants, which allow the wastewater to be purified.

当生物过滤器运行一段时间后，需要对其进行反沖洗。在反沖洗过程中，关闭进水阀 2和出水阀 16, 打开反洗出水阀 1和反洗进水阀 17, 从反洗进水管道 10泵入之前处理后的清水，从底部进入生物滤池 4内，水自下而上，使活化沸石、酸洗椰壳活性炭混合生物填料构成的生物填料层松动，并将被生物填料层截留的大颗粒物从顶部反洗出水管道 12带走。经过一段时间的反沖洗，使得生物过滤器重新具备很高的过水能力，重新投入正常运行。以上实施方式仅用于说明本公开，而并非对本公开的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本公开的范畴，本公开的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。 When the biofilter runs for a period of time, it needs to be backwashed. During the backwashing process, the inlet valve 2 and the outlet valve 16 are closed, the backwashing water valve 1 and the backwashing inlet valve 17 are opened, the previously treated water is pumped from the backwashing water inlet pipe 10, and the biological filter is entered from the bottom. In the tank 4, the water is bottomed up, and the bio-filler layer composed of the activated zeolite, the pickled coconut shell activated carbon and the bio-filler is loosened, and the large particles trapped by the bio-filler layer are carried away from the top backwash water pipe 12. After a period of backwashing, the biofilter is re-equipped with high water capacity and put back into normal operation. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the disclosure, and the scope of the patent protection of the disclosure should be defined by the claims.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1. 一种生物过滤器，其特征在于，包括： A biological filter, comprising:

用于容纳生物填料的生物滤池，其具有位于所述生物滤池底部的出水口； a biofilter for containing a biofill having a water outlet at the bottom of the biofilter;

进水管道，所述进水管道的两端分别设有进水口和出水口，所述进水管道的出水口从所述生物滤池的顶部延伸至所述生物滤池内； a water inlet pipe, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively disposed at two ends of the water inlet pipe, and a water outlet of the water inlet pipe extends from a top of the biological filter to the biological filter;

用于将进入进水管道的水进行充氧的射流器，其设置在所述进水管道的进水口和出水口之间；的进水口；和 a jet for oxygenating water entering the water inlet pipe, which is disposed between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe; and a water inlet;

出水管道，与所述生物滤池的出水口连通。 The water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the biological filter.

2. 根据权利要求 1所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述射流器包括射流器进水管和射流器出水管，所述射流器进水管与所述进水管道的进水口连通，所述射流器出水管与所述进水管道的出水口连通，所述射流器还包括设置在所述射流器进水口和所述射流器出水口之间的混合室，所述混合室的侧壁分别设有空气入口和用于添加营养药液的药液入口。 2. The biofilter according to claim 1, wherein the jet comprises a jet inlet pipe and a jet outlet pipe, and the jet inlet pipe communicates with a water inlet of the inlet pipe. The jet outlet pipe is in communication with the water outlet of the inlet pipe, the jet further comprising a mixing chamber disposed between the jet inlet and the jet outlet, the side wall of the mixing chamber There are an air inlet and a liquid medicine inlet for adding a nutrient solution, respectively.

3. 根据权利要求 2所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述射流器出水管的一端为与所述混合室连通的喉管，另一端为与所述进水管道的出水口连通的扩散管，所述喉管的内径小于所述扩散管的内径。 The biological filter according to claim 2, wherein one end of the jet outlet pipe is a throat connected to the mixing chamber, and the other end is in communication with the water outlet of the water inlet pipe. a diffuser tube having an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the diffuser tube.

4. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述射流器进水管的与所述混合室所述连通的一端的内径缩小形成一喷嘴。 The biological filter according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an inner diameter of one end of the jet inlet pipe communicating with the mixing chamber is reduced to form a nozzle.

5. 根据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述射流器进水管设有射流器入口控制阀，所述所述射流器出水管设有射流器出口控制阀。 The biological filter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the jet inlet pipe is provided with a jet inlet control valve, and the jet outlet pipe is provided with a jet outlet Control valve.

6. 根据权利要求 1-5 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述生物滤池为密封式生物滤池。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the biofilter is a sealed biofilter.

7. 根据权利要求 1-6 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述进水管道的出水口设置有布水器。 The biological filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water distributor.

8. 根据权利要求 1-7 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，还包括与所述生物滤池的出水口连通的反洗进水管道，以及与所述布水器连通的反洗出水管道。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a backwashing water pipe communicating with the water outlet of the biofilter, and communicating with the water distributor of Backwash the water pipe.

9. 根据权利要求 8所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述反洗进水管道上设有反洗进水阀，所述反洗出水管道上设有反洗出水阀。 The biofilter according to claim 8, wherein the backwashing water inlet pipe is provided with a backwashing water inlet valve, and the backwashing water pipe is provided with a backwashing water outlet valve.

10. 根据权利要求 9所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述反洗进水阀和所述反洗出水阀均为自动控制阀。 10. The biofilter according to claim 9, wherein the backwash inlet valve and the backwash outlet valve are both automatic control valves.

11. 根据权利要求 1-10中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，还包括用于将所述生物滤池内部的水排出的排空管道，所述排空管道与所述生物滤池的出水口连通。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising an evacuation duct for discharging water inside the biofilter, the evacuation duct and the The water outlet of the biological filter is connected.

12. 根据权利要求 1-11中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述生物滤池的下部设有用于防止所述生物填料被排出的集水水帽。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a lower portion of the biofilter is provided with a water collecting cap for preventing the bio-filler from being discharged.

13. 根据权利要求 1-12 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述生物滤池的顶部和 /或中部设有生物填料入口，所述生物滤池的底部设有用于安装所述集水水帽的安装口。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a bio-filler inlet is provided at the top and/or the middle of the biofilter, and the bottom of the bio-filter is provided for Install the installation port of the water collecting cap.

14. 根据权利要求 1-13 中任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述进水管道的出水口设有生物滤池进水阀，所述出水管道上设有出水阀。 The biological filter according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a biological filter inlet valve, and the outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet valve.

15. 根据权利要求 1-14任一项所述的生物过滤器，其特征在于，所述生物填料为活化沸石和活性炭混合滤料。 The biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the bio-filler is a mixed filter material of activated zeolite and activated carbon.