WO2014135111A1

WO2014135111A1 - Access method and device for terminal equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2014135111A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/073031
Authority: WO
Inventors: 何高宁; 徐修强; 张舜卿
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-03-07
Filing date: 2014-03-07
Publication date: 2014-09-12
Also published as: CN104038983B; CN104038983A

Abstract

An access method and device for terminal equipment are provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes: acquiring wireless resource information and state information from at least one neighbor small base station of terminal equipment; determining, according to the wireless resource information and the state information of the neighbor small base stations, at least one small base station as the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment; and transmitting access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment to the small base station to be accessed and the terminal equipment. With the access method for a terminal equipment provided in the embodiments of the present invention, a macro base station selects, according to the wireless resource information and the state information of the neighbor small base stations of terminal equipment, the best access resource information for accessing to a small base station equipment for the terminal equipment and transmits the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed to the small base station and the terminal equipment; hence, the dynamical allocation of access resources is realized, and thereby the problem of pilot pollution can be effectively avoided.

Description

终端设备的接入方法和装置 Terminal device access method and device

技术领域 Technical field

本发明涉及通信技术，尤其涉及一种终端设备的接入方法和装置。 The present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for accessing a terminal device.

背景技术 Background technique

在长期演进 ( Long Term Evolution, 简称 LTE )网络中，在 LTE组网中，宏基站（ macrocell )作为主力提供基本覆盖，而小基站是对 LTE中宏基站覆盖的补充，提供网络的深度覆盖和容量扩充，小基站包括微蜂窝（ Microcell )、宏蜂窝（Metrocell ) 、微微蜂窝（ Picocell ) 、飞蜂窝（ Femtocell )等。相比宏基站，小基站主要是补偿覆盖空洞、增加网络容量、提升用户感知的作用。小基站具有部署快速灵活、性价比高的综合优势。 In the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, in the LTE network, the macrocell provides the basic coverage as the main force, and the small base station complements the coverage of the macro base station in the LTE, providing deep coverage of the network and Capacity expansion, small base stations include microcells, macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and the like. Compared with macro base stations, small base stations mainly compensate for coverage holes, increase network capacity, and enhance user perception. Small base stations have the advantages of rapid, flexible, and cost-effective deployment.

现有技术方案中，当用户设备 ( User Equipment, 简称 UE )接入网络时，需要首先获取同步信号、根据同步信号识别基站 ID, 进一步地根据基站 ID 获取基站的导频信号，从而根据导频信号选择合适的基站接入网络，可以选择宏基站或小基站。由于现有技术中，基站的 ID是网络预先设定的，不管邻区基站是否处于开启状态，基站的导频位置都保持固定不变。当小基站具有较强的动态开启 /关断特性时，网络的拓朴结构也随之动态变化，这就使得网络的实时干扰特性变得较为复杂。而现有技术中釆用固定的导频分配方式显然不能实时的有效避免网络中的导频污染。 In the prior art, when the user equipment (UE) accesses the network, the synchronization signal needs to be first acquired, the base station ID is identified according to the synchronization signal, and the pilot signal of the base station is further acquired according to the base station ID, so that the pilot signal is obtained according to the pilot. The signal selects a suitable base station to access the network, and may select a macro base station or a small base station. In the prior art, the ID of the base station is preset by the network, and the pilot position of the base station remains fixed regardless of whether the neighboring base station is in the on state. When the small base station has strong dynamic on/off characteristics, the topology of the network also changes dynamically, which makes the real-time interference characteristics of the network more complicated. However, in the prior art, a fixed pilot allocation method is obviously unable to effectively avoid pilot pollution in the network in real time.

发明内容 Summary of the invention

本发明实施例提供一种终端设备的接入方法和装置，能够合理的为终端设备分配接入资源。 The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for accessing a terminal device, which can reasonably allocate access resources for the terminal device.

本发明第一方面提供一种终端设备的接入方法，包括： A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for accessing a terminal device, including:

获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站； Obtaining radio resource information and status information of the at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determining, according to the radio resource information and the status information of the neighboring small base station, that the at least one small base station is the to-be-accessed small base station of the terminal device;

将所述终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给所述待接入小基站和所述终端设备。 Sending access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small to-be-accessed a base station and the terminal device.

在本发明第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备待接入的小基站之前，还包括： In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the radio resource information of the at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device is obtained, and the at least one small base station is determined according to the radio resource information of the neighboring small base station. Before the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device, the method further includes:

获取所述终端设备的业务信息和位置信息； Obtaining service information and location information of the terminal device;

根据所述终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。 Determining at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the service information and/or location information of the terminal device.

在本发明第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。 In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the access resource information includes: any one or a combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern.

结合本发明第一方面的第一种可能实现方式，在本发明第一方面第三种可能实现方式中，根据所述的终端设备的位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站包括： With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the location information of the terminal device, the at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device includes :

以所述终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于所述覆盖范围内的小基站确定为所述终端设备的相邻小基站。 Determining a coverage area centering on the location of the terminal device, and determining a small base station located in the coverage area as a neighboring small base station of the terminal device.

结合本发明第一方面及本发明第一方面第一至第三种可能的实现方式，在本发明第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站包括： With reference to the first aspect of the present invention and the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect of the present invention, in the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, acquiring wireless of at least one adjacent small base station of the terminal device The resource information, determining, according to the radio resource information of the neighboring small base station, that the at least one small base station is the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device, including:

获取所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案； Obtaining a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station of the terminal device;

根据所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站。 And selecting, according to the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, the small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern with the least number of pilot patterns allocated to be the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device.

在本发明第一方面第五种可能的实现方式种，若导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从所述导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离终端设备最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站确定为待接入小基站。 In a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, if the number of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations is greater than 1, the pilot with the least number of pilots is allocated from the pilot pattern. The plurality of small base stations corresponding to the pattern are selected to be closest to the terminal device or the pilot signal strength is the strongest or a small base station is randomly selected to be determined to be the small base station to be accessed.

本发明第二方面提供一种终端设备的接入装置，其特征在于，包括：处理模块，用于获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站； A second aspect of the present invention provides an access device of a terminal device, including: a processing module, configured to acquire radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, according to the neighboring small The radio resource information and the status information of the base station determine that the at least one small base station is the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device;

发送模块，用于将所述终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给所述待接入小基站和所述终端设备。在本发明第二方面的第一种可能实现方式中，所述装置还包括：获取模块，用于获取所述终端设备的业务信息和位置信息； And a sending module, configured to send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small base station to be accessed and the terminal device. In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the device further includes: an acquiring module, configured to acquire service information and location information of the terminal device;

确定模块，用于 4艮据所述终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。 And a determining module, configured to determine, according to the service information and/or location information of the terminal device, at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device.

在本发明第二方面的第二种可能的实现中，所述接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。 In a second possible implementation of the second aspect of the present invention, the access resource information includes: any one or a combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern.

在本发明第二方面的第三种可能实现方式种，所述确定模块具体用于，以所述终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于所述覆盖范围内的小基站确定为所述终端设备的相邻小基站。 In a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the determining module is specifically configured to: determine a coverage area centering on a location of the terminal device, and determine, as a center, the small base station located in the coverage area An adjacent small base station of the terminal device.

结合本发明第二方面及第二方面第一至第三种可能的实现方式，在本发明第二方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块包括： With reference to the second aspect of the present invention and the first to third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in the fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present disclosure, the processing module includes:

导频图案获取单元，用于获取所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案；选择单元，用于根据所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为所述终端设备的待接入的小基站。 a pilot pattern acquiring unit, configured to acquire a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and a selecting unit, configured to select, according to a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station of the terminal device, a pilot pattern allocation number The small base station corresponding to the least pilot pattern is the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device.

在本发明第二方面第五种可能的实现方式中，所述选择单元还用于，若导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从所述导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离终端设备最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站确定为待接入小基站。 In a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the selecting unit is further configured to: if the number of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations is greater than 1, The plurality of small base stations corresponding to the least number of pilot patterns are selected to be closest to the terminal device or the pilot signal strength is strongest or a small base station is randomly selected to be determined to be the small base station to be accessed.

本发明实施例提供的终端设备的接入方法，由宏基站根据终端设备的相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，为终端设备选择最优的接入资源信息接入到小基站，并将待接入小基站的接入资源发送给小基站和终端设备，实现了接入资源的动态分配，从而能够有效避免导频污染问题。 According to the access method of the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the macro base station selects the optimal access resource information for the terminal device to access the small base station according to the radio resource information and the state information of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and The access resources of the small base station to be accessed are sent to the small base station and the terminal device, so that the dynamic allocation of the access resources is realized, so that the pilot pollution problem can be effectively avoided.

附图说明为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and obviously, in the following description The drawings are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

图 1为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例一的流程图；图 2为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例二的流程图； 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention; 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention;

图 3为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例三的流程图； 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention;

图 4为本发明终端设备的接入装置实施例一的结构示意图； 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access device of a terminal device according to the present invention;

图 5为本发明终端设备的接入装置实施例二的结构示意图。 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an access device of a terminal device according to the present invention.

具体实施方式为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

图 1为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例一的流程图，该方法可以由终端设备的接入装置来执行，该装置可以通过硬件或软件的方式实现，也可以通过软硬结合的方式实现，该装置可以集成在现有的宏基站中，或其他中央节点，例如接入控制器（ Access Control,简称 AC )、基站控制器（ Base Station Controller,简称 BSC )。本实施例以接入装置集成在宏基站中为例进行说明，本实施例提供的终端设备的接入方法包括以下步骤： FIG. 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention. The method may be implemented by an access device of a terminal device, where the device may be implemented by hardware or software, or may be combined by software and hardware. The device can be integrated into an existing macro base station, or other central node, such as an Access Control (AC) or a Base Station Controller (BSC). This embodiment is described by using an access device integrated in a macro base station as an example. The access method of the terminal device provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

步骤 101、获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。 Step 101: Obtain radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determine, according to the radio resource information and the status information of the neighboring small base station, the at least one small base station is the to-be-accessed small base station of the terminal device.

本实施例中，在终端设备接入网络前，一般会向宏基站发起接入请求，或者在终端设备已经接入宏基站，宏基站需要减轻负荷，将终端设备切换至接入小基站的情况下，宏基站获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，小基站的无线资源信息可以包括小基站的导频图案、系统信息和同步信号等。小基站的状态信息包括小基站的位置信息、小基站的负载状态、小基站的制式等。具体地，小基站的负载状态信息是指小基站是否满载，若为终端确定的某一相邻小基站已满载，则该小基站并不能作为终端设备的待接入小基站。小基站的制式具体指，有些小基站支持 2G、有些小基站支持 3G、有些小基站支持 4G, 若为终端确定的某一相邻小基站仅支持 3G, 而终端请求的业务为 2G, 则终端也不能接入该小基站。因此，在确定终端设备的待接入小基站时，应该综合考虑小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息。 In this embodiment, before the terminal device accesses the network, an access request is generally initiated to the macro base station, or the terminal device has accessed the macro base station, and the macro base station needs to reduce the load and switch the terminal device to access the small base station. The macro base station acquires radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and the radio resource information of the small base station may include a pilot pattern, system information, and synchronization signal of the small base station. The status information of the small base station includes location information of the small base station, load status of the small base station, and a system of the small base station. Specifically, the load state information of the small base station refers to whether the small base station is fully loaded. If a neighboring small base station determined by the terminal is fully loaded, the small base station cannot be used as the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device. The system of the small base station specifically means that some small base stations support 2G, some small base stations support 3G, and some small base stations support 4G. If a neighboring small base station determined by the terminal only supports 3G, and the service requested by the terminal is 2G, the terminal It is also impossible to access the small base station. Therefore, indeed When determining the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment, the radio resource information and status information of the small base station should be comprehensively considered.

宏基站获取相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息可以通过以下方式，宏基站自身存储有所管理的多个小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，或者，各小基站定期向宏基站上报各自的无线资源信息和状态信息，以将小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息同步保存到宏基站上。 The macro base station obtains the radio resource information and the state information of the neighboring small base station. The macro base station itself stores the radio resource information and the status information of the managed multiple small base stations, or each small base station periodically reports to the macro base station. The radio resource information and the status information are used to synchronously save the radio resource information and the status information of the small base station to the macro base station.

对于某一个终端设备来说，终端设备的相邻小基站可以为多个，相邻小基站可以是物理距离上相邻的小基站，但本发明并不以此为限，也可以通过其他方式来确定相邻小基站。例如，有些小基站虽然物理距离上离终端设备较远，但是该小基站发送的导频信号强，也会对终端设备的接入造成影响，因此，在确定终端设备的相邻小基站时可以综合多方面因素来确定终端设备的相邻小基站，即作为待选的小基站。 For a certain terminal device, the neighboring small base stations of the terminal device may be multiple, and the adjacent small base stations may be small base stations adjacent to each other at a physical distance, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may also be used in other manners. To determine neighboring small base stations. For example, although some small base stations are far away from the terminal device in physical distance, the pilot signals transmitted by the small base station are strong, which may affect the access of the terminal device. Therefore, when determining the neighboring small base stations of the terminal device, A plurality of factors are used to determine a neighboring small base station of the terminal device, that is, as a small base station to be selected.

宏基站在获取到终端的相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息后，根据各相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，综合考虑各相邻小基站的资源使用情况，包括同步信号、 ***信息、导频图案及小基站的负载状态等信息，确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。可以理解的是，对于一个终端设备来说，可以由一个基站为其服务，也可以多个基站协同为一个终端设备服务。因此，确定的待接入小基站也可以为多个，当待接入小基站为多个时，各个小基站使用的导频图案应该是不同的，才能避免小区之间的导频信号干扰。 After acquiring the radio resource information and the status information of the neighboring small base station of the terminal, the macro base station comprehensively considers the resource usage of each neighboring small base station according to the radio resource information and the status information of each neighboring small base station, including the synchronization signal, The system information, the pilot pattern, and the load status of the small base station determine that at least one small base station is the small base station to be accessed of the terminal device. It can be understood that, for one terminal device, one base station can serve it, or multiple base stations can cooperate to serve one terminal device. Therefore, the number of small base stations to be accessed may also be multiple. When there are multiple small base stations to be accessed, the pilot patterns used by each small base station should be different to avoid interference of pilot signals between cells.

步骤 102、将终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给待接入小基站和终端设备。 Step 102: Send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small base station and the terminal device to be accessed.

宏基站为确定的待接入小基站分配接入资源信息，并将待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给待接入小基站和终端设备，以使得终端设备根据接入资源信息接入到待接入小基站。其中，接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。通常，将导频信号在正交频分复用 ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 简称 OFDM ) 帧的时 /频二维结构中所处的位置称为导频图案。 ***信息是指，待接入小基站的带宽、制式等。 The macro base station allocates the access resource information to the determined small base station to be accessed, and sends the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed to the small base station and the terminal device to be accessed, so that the terminal device accesses according to the access resource information. To the small base station to be accessed. The access resource information includes: any one or a combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern. Generally, a position where a pilot signal is located in a time/frequency two-dimensional structure of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) frame is referred to as a pilot pattern. The system information refers to the bandwidth, system, etc. of the small base station to be accessed.

本实施例中，待接入小基站设备可以为已开启的小基站，也可以为关闭的小基站，若小基站处于关闭状态，则小基站在接收到宏基站发送的接入资源信息后开启小基站。 In this embodiment, the small base station to be accessed may be the opened small base station or the closed small base station. If the small base station is in the closed state, the small base station receives the access resource sent by the macro base station. After the source information, the small base station is turned on.

本实施例提供的方法，由宏基站根据终端设备的相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，为终端设备选择最优的接入资源接入到小基站，实现了接入资源的动态分配，从而能够有效避免导频污染问题。 In the method provided by the embodiment, the macro base station selects an optimal access resource for the terminal device to access the small base station according to the radio resource information and the state information of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and implements dynamic allocation of the access resource. Therefore, the pilot pollution problem can be effectively avoided.

图 2为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例二的流程图，如图 2所示，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤。 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.

步骤 201、获取终端设备的业务信息和位置信息。 Step 201: Obtain service information and location information of the terminal device.

宏基站获取终端设备的业务信息和位置信息具体为，接收终端上报的业务信息和位置信息，当终端需要接入网络时，向宏基站发起接入请求，并在接入请求中携带业务信息和位置信息。 The macro base station obtains the service information and the location information of the terminal device, specifically, the service information and the location information reported by the terminal, and when the terminal needs to access the network, initiates an access request to the macro base station, and carries the service information in the access request. location information.

步骤 202、根据终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。 Step 202: Determine at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the service information and/or the location information of the terminal device.

终端设备的业务信息有语音业务、数据业务、多媒体业务等。位置信息是指终端设备目前所在的位置信息，可通过全球定位***（Global Positioning System简称 GPS )定位得到的，但不限于此。 The service information of the terminal device includes a voice service, a data service, a multimedia service, and the like. Location information refers to the location information of the terminal device, which can be obtained by Global Positioning System (GPS), but is not limited to this.

宏基站根据终端设备的位置信息确定终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站，具体为，以终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于覆盖范围内的小基站确定为终端设备的相邻小基站。该覆盖范围可以是以终端设备所在位置为原点确定半径为 R的圓，则将位于圓内的小基站确定为终端设备的相邻小基站，也可以是以终端设备为中心的正方形或者其他多边形所覆盖的范围，本发明并不以此为限。 The macro base station determines at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the location information of the terminal device, specifically, determining a coverage area centering on the location of the terminal device, and determining the small base station located in the coverage area as the adjacent small terminal device. Base station. The coverage may be a circle with a radius R determined by using the location of the terminal device, and the small base station located in the circle may be determined as a neighboring small base station of the terminal device, or may be a square or other polygon centered on the terminal device. The scope of coverage is not limited by this invention.

宏基站也可以根据终端设备的业务信息确定终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站，基于业务信息主要是为了适应未来数据和信令分离的网络架构，在未来数据和信令分离的网络架构中，一些基站专门用来承载信令，另一些基站只承载数据。在这种场景中，按照上述以地理位置确定的相邻小基站，如果某一小基站只承载语音业务，而终端设备请求的是多媒体业务，则该小基站虽然地理位置上相邻，由于其不支持多媒体业务，故不能算作终端设备的相邻小基站。因此，需要根据业务信息和位置信息来确定终端设备的相邻小基站。 The macro base station may also determine at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the service information of the terminal device, and the service information is mainly used to adapt to a network architecture in which data and signaling are separated in the future, in a network architecture in which data and signaling are separated in the future, Some base stations are dedicated to carrying signaling, while others only carry data. In this scenario, according to the foregoing neighboring small base stations determined by the geographical location, if a small base station only carries voice services, and the terminal device requests multimedia services, the small base stations are geographically adjacent due to their Multimedia services are not supported, so they cannot be counted as neighboring small base stations of terminal equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the neighboring small base stations of the terminal device based on the service information and the location information.

目前，基站大都支持综合的业务，因此，可以只根据终端设备的地理位置信息来确定终端设备的相邻小基站。步骤 203、获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。 At present, the base station mostly supports the integrated service. Therefore, the neighboring small base station of the terminal device can be determined only based on the geographical location information of the terminal device. Step 203: Obtain radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determine, according to the radio resource information and the status information of the neighboring small base station, the at least one small base station is the to-be-accessed small base station of the terminal device.

宏基站获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，在获取到终端的相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息后，根据各相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，综合考虑各相邻小基站的资源使用情况，包括同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案等信息，确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。 The macro base station acquires radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and after acquiring radio resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station of the terminal, according to radio resource information and status of each neighboring small base station The information, considering the resource usage of each neighboring small base station, including the synchronization signal, the system information, and the pilot pattern, determines that at least one small base station is the small base station to be accessed of the terminal device.

以导频图案为例，宏基站获取终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，并根据终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的小基站，进一步地，判断该导频图案分配最少的小基站的负载状态，若该小基站负载轻，则将该小基站作为终端设备的待接入小基站，若该小基站满载，则从处该小基站外的多个小基站中选择导频图案分配最少小基站作为待接入小基站。或者，在选择出导频图案分配个数最少的小基站后，在进一步比较各个相邻小基站的导频信号强度，若导频图案分配最少的小基站的导频信号太弱，则也不适合作为待接入小基站，还需要从剩余的多个小基站中再次确定待接入的小基站。 Taking the pilot pattern as an example, the macro base station acquires the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and selects the small base station with the smallest number of pilot patterns allocated according to the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, further Determining the load state of the small base station with the least allocation of the pilot pattern. If the load of the small base station is light, the small base station is used as the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device, and if the small base station is fully loaded, the small base station is outside the small base station. Among the plurality of small base stations, the pilot pattern is selected to allocate the minimum small base station as the small base station to be accessed. Or, after selecting the small base station with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations, further comparing the pilot signal strengths of the neighboring small base stations, if the pilot signal of the small base station with the least pilot pattern allocation is too weak, It is suitable for the small base station to be accessed, and the small base station to be accessed needs to be determined again from the remaining plurality of small base stations.

步骤 204、将终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给待接入小基站和终端设备。 Step 204: Send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small base station and the terminal device to be accessed.

接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。其中， ***信息用来对终端设备的接入信息进行验证，以及鉴权等，系统信息还包括小基站的带宽、制式等。终端设备根据接入资源信息接入待接入小基站。 The access resource information includes: any one or combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern. The system information is used to verify the access information of the terminal device, and the authentication, and the system information also includes the bandwidth and format of the small base station. The terminal device accesses the small base station to be accessed according to the access resource information.

本实施例提供的方法，在终端设备接入前，通过宏基站确定终端设备的相邻小基站并获取相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，比较各相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，综合考虑各小基站的导频图案分配个数、导频信号强度等，选择导频图案分配个数较少的小基站作为待接入小基站，从而能够有效避免各小区之间的导频污染，实现网络资源的合理分配。 The method provided in this embodiment, before the terminal device accesses, determines the neighboring small base station of the terminal device by using the macro base station, and acquires the radio resource information and the state information of the neighboring small base station, and compares the radio resource information of each neighboring small base station. State information, considering the number of pilot pattern allocations of each small base station, pilot signal strength, etc., selecting a small base station with a small number of pilot pattern allocations as a small base station to be accessed, thereby effectively avoiding between cells Pilot pollution, achieving a reasonable distribution of network resources.

图 3为本发明终端设备的接入方法实施例三的流程图，本实施例中，以终端待接入的小基站未开启为例来说明，如图 3所示，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：步骤 301、终端设备向宏基站发起业务请求，并上报业务信息及位置信息。 3 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of a method for accessing a terminal device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a small base station to be accessed by a terminal is not opened as an example. As shown in FIG. 3, the method provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Includes the following steps: Step 301: The terminal device initiates a service request to the macro base station, and reports the service information and the location information.

步骤 302、宏基站接收业务请求，以终端设备所在位置为原点确定半径为 R的圓，将位于圓内的小基站确定为终端设备的相邻小基站。 Step 302: The macro base station receives the service request, determines a circle with a radius R based on the location of the terminal device, and determines the small base station located in the circle as the neighboring small base station of the terminal device.

本实施例中，以半径为 R的圓覆盖范围内的小基站作为终端设备的相邻小基站，但本发明并不对此作过多限制，也可以以其他方式确定相邻小基站。 In this embodiment, the small base station in the circle coverage of the radius R is used as the neighboring small base station of the terminal device. However, the present invention does not impose any limitation on this, and the neighboring small base stations may be determined in other manners.

步骤 303、宏基站获取终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案。 Step 303: The macro base station acquires a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station of the terminal device.

其中，各小基站的导频图案可以预先保存在宏基站中。 The pilot pattern of each small base station may be pre-stored in the macro base station.

步骤 304、宏基站根据终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为终端设备的待开启的小基站。 Step 304: The macro base station selects, according to the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, the small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot patterns allocated as the small base station to be opened of the terminal device.

具体为，宏基站获取终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案后，统计所有相邻小基站导频图案被分配的个数的集合。例如导频图案 1被分配了 1次，导频图案 2被分配了 3次，导频图案 3被分配了 4次，则选择导频图案 1对应的小基站作为终端设备的待开启小基站。 Specifically, after acquiring the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, the macro base station calculates a set of the number of allocated pilot patterns of all the adjacent small base stations. For example, if the pilot pattern 1 is allocated once, the pilot pattern 2 is allocated 3 times, and the pilot pattern 3 is allocated 4 times, the small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern 1 is selected as the small base station to be turned on of the terminal device.

需要说明的是，本实施例中，也可以综合考虑小基站的导频图案的分配个数和导频信号的强度来确定待开启的小基站，例如导频图案 1虽然只分配了一次，但是导频图案 1由于距离终端的位置较近，其导频信号的强度大，若选择导频图案 1对应的小基站作为待开启小基站，对其他小区的干扰强度大，因此，选择导频图案 2对应的小基站作为待开启的小基站。 It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of allocated pilot patterns of the small base station and the strength of the pilot signal may be comprehensively determined to determine the small base station to be turned on. For example, the pilot pattern 1 is allocated only once, but Since the pilot pattern 1 is closer to the terminal, the strength of the pilot signal is large. If the small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern 1 is selected as the small base station to be turned on, the interference intensity to other cells is large, and therefore, the pilot pattern is selected. 2 The corresponding small base station is used as the small base station to be turned on.

步骤 305、若宏基站选择的导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站确定为待开启小基站。 Step 305: If the number of the small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations selected by the macro base station is greater than 1, select a distance from the plurality of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the least number of pilot patterns. The most recent or pilot signal strength is strongest or a small base station is randomly selected to be determined to be a small base station to be turned on.

该步骤为可选步骤，若宏基站选择的导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数为 1 , 则不需要执行该步骤，在步骤 304之后可以直接执行步骤 306。 This step is an optional step. If the number of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern selected by the macro base station is the smallest, the step is not required. Step 306 can be directly executed after step 304.

若宏基站选择的导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则需要从多个导频图案分配个数最少的小基站中选择一个作为待接入小基站，例如，选择距离终端设备最近的小基站，也可以比较多个导频图案分配个数最少的小基站的导频信号强度，选择导频信号强度最强的小基站作为待接入的小基站，或者随机的选择一个最为待接入小基站，当然也可以综合考虑小基站的距离终端设备的距离和导频信号的强度，选择最合适的待接入小基站。 If the number of the small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern allocated by the macro base station is the largest, the number of the small base stations with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations needs to be selected as the small base station to be accessed. For example, the small base station closest to the terminal device may be selected, and the pilot signal strength of the small base station with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations may be compared, and the small base station with the strongest pilot signal strength is selected as the small base station to be accessed. Or randomly select a small base station to be accessed most, of course, Considering the distance of the small base station from the terminal device and the strength of the pilot signal, the most suitable small base station to be accessed is selected.

步骤 306、宏基站将确定的待开启小基站的接入资源信息发送给待开启小基站。 Step 306: The macro base station sends the determined access resource information of the small base station to be opened to the small base station to be turned on.

例如，待开启的小基站为 A, 则将确定的待开启小基站 A的接入资源信息发送给待开启的小基站 A, 以开启小基站 A。 For example, if the small base station to be opened is A, the determined access resource information of the small base station A to be opened is sent to the small base station A to be opened to enable the small base station A.

步骤 307、待开启小基站向宏基站发送响应消息。 Step 307: The small base station to be turned on sends a response message to the macro base station.

宏基站在将待开启小基站 A的接入资源信息发送给待开启的小基站 A 后，待开启小基站 A开启，并向宏基站发送响应消息，宏基站在接收小基站 A发送来的响应消息。 After the macro base station sends the access resource information of the small base station A to be opened to the small base station A to be opened, the small base station A is turned on, and a response message is sent to the macro base station, and the macro base station receives the response sent by the small base station A. Message.

步骤 308、宏基站将待开启小基站的接入资源信息发送给终端设备。宏基站将待开启小基站的接入资源信息发送给终端设备，具体地，本实施例中宏基站可以以单播的方式将无线资源信息发送给终端设备。但本发明并不以此为限，可以理解的是，也可以通过广播的形式将无线资源信息发送给待开启的小基站。 Step 308: The macro base station sends the access resource information of the small base station to be opened to the terminal device. The macro base station sends the access resource information of the small base station to be sent to the terminal device. Specifically, in this embodiment, the macro base station can send the wireless resource information to the terminal device in a unicast manner. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It can be understood that the radio resource information can also be sent to the small base station to be turned on by means of broadcast.

步骤 309、终端向宏基站发送响应消息。 Step 309: The terminal sends a response message to the macro base station.

终端设备根据接收到的接入资源信息接入到小基站，并向宏基站发送响应消息。 The terminal device accesses the small base station according to the received access resource information, and sends a response message to the macro base station.

本实施例提供的终端设备的接入方法，用户在接入前，向宏基站发起接入请求，通过宏基站比较终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站作为终端设备的待开启小基站，实现了导频图案的动态分配，从而能够有效的解决高密度小基站间的导频污染。 In the access method of the terminal device provided by the embodiment, the user initiates an access request to the macro base station before accessing, and compares the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device by the macro base station, and selects the least number of pilot pattern allocations. The small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern is used as the small base station to be turned on as the terminal device, and the dynamic allocation of the pilot pattern is realized, so that the pilot pollution between the high-density small base stations can be effectively solved.

图 4为本发明终端设备的接入装置实施例一的结构示意图，该装置可以集成在现有的宏基站中，或其他中央节点，例如 AC、 BSC。 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access device of a terminal device according to the present invention. The device may be integrated in an existing macro base station, or other central nodes, such as an AC and a BSC.

如图 4所示，本实施例提供的装置包括：处理模块 41和发送模块 42, 处理模块 41 用于获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。发送模块 42 ,用于将终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给待接入小基站和终端设备。接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合 As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: a processing module 41 and a sending module 42, where the processing module 41 is configured to acquire radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, according to the neighboring small base station. The radio resource information and the status information determine that at least one small base station is a small base station to be accessed of the terminal device. The sending module 42 is configured to send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small base station and the terminal device to be accessed. The access resource information includes: any one or combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern.

处理模块 41根据各相邻小基站的无线资源信息，综合考虑各相邻小基站的资源使用情况，包括同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案等信息，确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。可以理解的是，对于一个终端设备来说，可以由一个基站为其服务，也可以多个基站协同为一个终端设备服务。因此，确定的待接入小基站也可以为多个。 The processing module 41 comprehensively considers each adjacent small base according to the radio resource information of each neighboring small base station. The resource usage of the station, including the synchronization signal, the system information, and the pilot pattern, determines that at least one small base station is the small base station to be accessed of the terminal device. It can be understood that, for a terminal device, it may be served by one base station, or multiple base stations may cooperate to serve one terminal device. Therefore, the determined small base stations to be accessed may also be multiple.

在处理模块 41确定待接入小基站的无线资源信息后，发送模块 42将待接入小基站的资源信息发送给终端设备和待接入小基站，以使得终端设备根据接入资源信息接入到待接入小基站。 After the processing module 41 determines the radio resource information of the small base station to be accessed, the sending module 42 sends the resource information of the small base station to be accessed to the terminal device and the small base station to be accessed, so that the terminal device accesses according to the access resource information. To the small base station to be accessed.

本实施例提供的终端设备接入装置，可以用于执行实施例一的方法，具体实施方式可以参照方法实施例一的描述。 The terminal device access device provided in this embodiment may be used to perform the method in the first embodiment. For a specific implementation, reference may be made to the description of the method embodiment 1.

本实施例提供的装置，由终端设备接入装置根据终端设备的相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，为终端设备选择最优的接入资源信息接入到小基站，实现了接入资源的动态分配，从而能够有效避免导频污染问题。 In the device provided by the embodiment, the terminal device access device selects the optimal access resource information for the terminal device to access the small base station according to the radio resource information and the state information of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and implements the access. The dynamic allocation of resources can effectively avoid pilot pollution problems.

图 5为本发明终端设备接入装置实施例二的结构示意图，如图 5所示，本实施例装置包括：获取模块 51、确定模块 52、处理模块 53和发送模块 54。 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a terminal device access device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the device in this embodiment includes: an obtaining module 51, a determining module 52, a processing module 53, and a sending module 54.

其中，获取模块 51用于获取终端设备的业务信息和位置信息。具体地，当终端需要接入网络时，向终端设备接入装置发起接入请求，并上报业务信息及位置信息，获取模块 51接收上报的业务信息和位置信息。 The obtaining module 51 is configured to obtain service information and location information of the terminal device. Specifically, when the terminal needs to access the network, the access device initiates an access request to the terminal device, and reports the service information and the location information, and the obtaining module 51 receives the reported service information and location information.

确定模块 52用于根据终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。对于某一个终端设备来说，终端设备的相邻小基站可以为多个，相邻小基站可以是距离上相邻的小基站，但本发明并不以此为限，也可以通过其他方式来确定相邻小基站。例如，有些小基站虽然物理距离上离终端设备较远，但是该小基站发送的导频信号强，也会对终端设备的接入造成影响，因此，在确定终端设备的相邻小基站时可以综合多方面因素来确定终端设备的相邻小基站。 The determining module 52 is configured to determine at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the service information and/or the location information of the terminal device. For a certain terminal device, the neighboring small base stations of the terminal device may be multiple, and the adjacent small base stations may be small base stations adjacent to each other. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be used in other manners. Determine neighboring small base stations. For example, although some small base stations are farther away from the terminal device in physical distance, the pilot signals transmitted by the small base station are strong, which may affect the access of the terminal device. Therefore, when determining the neighboring small base stations of the terminal device, A plurality of factors are used to determine neighboring small base stations of the terminal device.

通常将物理距离上相邻的小基站作为中端设备的相邻小基站，因此，确定模块 52具体用于，以终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于覆盖范围内的小基站确定为终端设备的相邻小基站。 The small base station adjacent to the physical distance is usually used as the neighboring small base station of the middle end device. Therefore, the determining module 52 is specifically configured to determine a coverage area centering on the location of the terminal device, and determine the small base station located in the coverage area. It is an adjacent small base station of the terminal device.

在确定模块 52确定终端设备的相邻小基站后，处理模块 53用于获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为终端设备的待接入小基站。具体地，处理模块 53包括：导频图案获取单元 531 , 用于获取终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案；选择单元 532, 用于根据终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为终端设备的待接入的小基站。选择单元 532还用于，若导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离终端设备最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站确定为待接入小基站。 After the determining module 52 determines the neighboring small base station of the terminal device, the processing module 53 is configured to acquire radio resource information and status information of the at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determine, according to the radio resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station. At least one small base station is a small base station to be accessed by the terminal device. Specifically, the processing module 53 includes: a pilot pattern acquiring unit 531, configured to acquire the terminal device a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station; a selecting unit 532, configured to select, according to a pilot pattern of a neighboring small base station of the terminal device, a small base station corresponding to a pilot pattern with a minimum number of pilot patterns to be a terminal device Small base station to access. The selecting unit 532 is further configured to: if the number of the small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the least number of pilot patterns allocated is greater than 1, select a distance from the plurality of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the least number of pilot patterns. The terminal device has the strongest or strongest pilot signal strength or randomly selects a small base station to be determined to be a small base station to be accessed.

发送模块 54用于将终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给待接入小基站和终端设备。接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。 The sending module 54 is configured to send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device to the small base station and the terminal device to be accessed. The access resource information includes: any one or combination of a synchronization signal, a system information, and a pilot pattern.

本实施例提供的方法，用于执行方法实施例二和实施例三的方案，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，可参见方法实施例的描述，这里不再赘述。 The method provided in this embodiment is used to perform the method in the second embodiment and the third embodiment. The specific implementation is similar to the technical solution. For details, refer to the description of the method embodiment, and details are not described herein.

本实施例提供的终端设备的接入装置，用户在接入前，向宏基站发起接入请求，通过宏基站比较终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站作为终端设备的待开启小基站，实现了导频图案的动态分配，从而能够有效的解决高密度小基站间的导频污染。 In the access device of the terminal device provided by the embodiment, the user initiates an access request to the macro base station before accessing, and compares the pilot pattern of the neighboring small base station of the terminal device by the macro base station, and selects the least number of pilot pattern allocations. The small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern is used as the small base station to be turned on as the terminal device, and the dynamic allocation of the pilot pattern is realized, so that the pilot pollution between the high-density small base stations can be effectively solved.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括： ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。 One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps to implement the various method embodiments described above can be accomplished by hardware associated with the program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request

1、一种终端设备的接入方法，其特征在于，包括： 1. An access method for terminal equipment, characterized in that it includes:

获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站； Obtain the radio resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determine at least one small base station as the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device based on the radio resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station;

将所述终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给所述待接入小基站和所述终端设备。 The access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment is sent to the small base station to be accessed and the terminal equipment.

2、根据权利要求 1 所述的方法，其特征在于，获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备待接入的小基站之前，还包括： 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: obtaining wireless resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determining at least one wireless resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station according to the wireless resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station. Before the small base station is the small base station to be accessed by the terminal device, it also includes:

获取所述终端设备的业务信息和位置信息； Obtain the service information and location information of the terminal device;

根据所述终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。 At least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device is determined according to the service information and/or location information of the terminal device.

3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the access resource information includes: any one or combination of synchronization signals, system information and pilot patterns.

4、根据权利要求 2所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述的终端设备的位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站包括： 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device according to the location information of the terminal device includes:

以所述终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于所述覆盖范围内的小基站确定为所述终端设备的相邻小基站。 A coverage area is determined centered on the location of the terminal equipment, and the small base stations located within the coverage area are determined as adjacent small base stations of the terminal equipment.

5、根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站包括： 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: obtaining wireless resource information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determining at least one small base station according to the wireless resource information of the neighboring small base station. The small base stations to be accessed by the terminal equipment include:

获取所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案； Obtain the pilot pattern of the adjacent small base station of the terminal equipment;

根据所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站。 According to the pilot patterns of neighboring small base stations of the terminal equipment, the small base station corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot pattern allocations is selected as the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment.

6、根据权利要求 5所述的方法，其特征在于，若导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从所述导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离终端设备最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站确定为待接入小基站。 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that if the number of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of allocated pilot patterns is greater than 1, then allocate the smallest number of pilot patterns from the pilot pattern. Select a small base station that is closest to the terminal device or has the strongest pilot signal strength among multiple small base stations corresponding to the pattern, or randomly select a small base station to determine the small base station to be accessed.

7、一种终端设备的接入装置，其特征在于，包括： 7. An access device for terminal equipment, characterized in that it includes:

处理模块，用于获取终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息，根据所述相邻小基站的无线资源信息和状态信息确定至少一个小基站为所述终端设备的待接入小基站； A processing module, configured to obtain wireless resource information and status information of at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device, and determine at least one small base station as the waiting station of the terminal device according to the wireless resource information and status information of the neighboring small base station. Enter the small base station;

发送模块，用于将所述终端设备的待接入小基站的接入资源信息发送给所述待接入小基站和所述终端设备。 A sending module, configured to send the access resource information of the small base station to be accessed by the terminal equipment to the small base station to be accessed and the terminal equipment.

8、根据权利要求 7所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括： 8. The device according to claim 7, further comprising:

获取模块，用于获取所述终端设备的业务信息和位置信息； An acquisition module, used to acquire service information and location information of the terminal device;

确定模块，用于 4艮据所述终端设备的业务信息和 /或位置信息确定所述终端设备的至少一个相邻小基站。 Determining module, configured to determine at least one neighboring small base station of the terminal device based on the service information and/or location information of the terminal device.

9、根据权利要求 7或 8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入资源信息包括：同步信号、 ***信息和导频图案中的任意一个或组合。 9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the access resource information includes: any one or combination of synchronization signals, system information and pilot patterns.

10、根据权利要求 8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定模块具体用于，以所述终端设备所在位置为中心确定一覆盖范围，将位于所述覆盖范围内的小基站确定为所述终端设备的相邻小基站。 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the determination module is specifically configured to determine a coverage area centered on the location of the terminal equipment, and determine the small base station located within the coverage area as the The adjacent small base stations of the terminal equipment.

11、根据权利要求 7-10任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块包括： 11. The device according to any one of claims 7-10, characterized in that the processing module includes:

导频图案获取单元，用于获取所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案；选择单元，用于根据所述终端设备的相邻小基站的导频图案，选择导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站为所述终端设备的待接入的小基站。 A pilot pattern acquisition unit, configured to acquire pilot patterns of adjacent small base stations of the terminal device; and a selection unit, configured to select the number of allocated pilot patterns based on the pilot patterns of adjacent small base stations of the terminal device. The small base station corresponding to the fewest pilot patterns is the small base station to which the terminal device is to be accessed.

12、根据权利要求 11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述选择单元还用于，若导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的小基站个数大于 1 , 则从所述导频图案分配个数最少的导频图案对应的多个小基站中选择距离终端设备最近或导频信号强度最强或随机选择一个小基站作为待接入小基站。 12. The device according to claim 11, wherein the selection unit is further configured to: if the number of small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pilot patterns allocated is greater than 1, select the pilot pattern from the pilot pattern. Select a small base station closest to the terminal device or with the strongest pilot signal strength among multiple small base stations corresponding to the pilot pattern with the smallest number of pattern allocations, or randomly select a small base station as the small base station to be accessed.