WO2014131365A1 - 太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机 - Google Patents

太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014131365A1
WO2014131365A1 PCT/CN2014/072670 CN2014072670W WO2014131365A1 WO 2014131365 A1 WO2014131365 A1 WO 2014131365A1 CN 2014072670 W CN2014072670 W CN 2014072670W WO 2014131365 A1 WO2014131365 A1 WO 2014131365A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reel
telescopic
mother
water
sprinkler
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PCT/CN2014/072670
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李文泽
Original Assignee
Li Wenze
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Li Wenze filed Critical Li Wenze
Publication of WO2014131365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014131365A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/09—Watering arrangements making use of movable installations on wheels or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sprinkler for large-scale irrigation and pesticide spraying of agricultural flat land, sloping land and pasture grassland, in particular to a self-expanding, self-guided, Multi-speed speed regulation, multiple power and horizontal self-propelled sprinklers.
  • sprinklers are still the most widely used irrigation technology in the world, and have obvious advantages. Compared with traditional ground irrigation, sprinkler irrigation can reduce water consumption by 30%-50% and increase production by 20%-30% in practice in China. Therefore, sprinkler irrigation technology is of great significance to promote agricultural centralized management and increase labor productivity. Especially the water resources in many regions of China, the promotion of energy-saving and water-saving sprinkler irrigation technology is particularly important.
  • China's existing sprinkler irrigation technology The existing sprinklers are complex and can not be moved, and the promotion is very poor.
  • the large-scale sprinklers are mostly sprinkler irrigation methods of circular area, and the shape of the plots produced by agricultural production in China will leave a sprinkling corner or Cross-border sprinkler irrigation, such as 300 acres of square land, there is 62 acres of sprinkler irrigation, rectangular plots will have more sprinkler irrigation, sprinkler irrigation efficiency is very low; third, because the sprinkler can not move to ensure the maximum area of sprinkler irrigation, each span It can only be set to a circular arc shape, and the circular arc structure limits the length of its span (within 60 meters per span).
  • the previous sprinkler driven wheel is not flexible; tenth, the previous sprinkler can not adjust the sprinkling speed according to the drought; the eleventh, the previous sprinkler can not spray pesticides and herbicides; twelfth, before The sprinkler is not flexible in assembly; the thirteenth, before the sprinkler power system is not energy-saving; the fourteenth, before the sprinkler top rod has no slope, the pulling force is not large enough and the rigid plate can not swing and is too high to adapt Road travel requirements; 15, before the volume control panel sprinkler low degree of automation, Manual finishing is required for winding;
  • the present invention is to solve the above deficiencies and provide a
  • the solar multi-function translating sprinkler the invention not only has a large span (spraying operation of about 100 meters in length), but the overall shape is designed as a "T" structure and its movable design is made for a simple and firm structure and a wheel without rolling the crop. When pouring the ground, it does not repeat the sprinkling without leaving corners, and can go to any shape block.
  • the design of the reel can realize the flexible sprinkling of water away from the water source and also spray various pesticides. The average 1000-mu land requires only one well.
  • a dry period (20 days) can be sprayed with 4,000 mu of land, and a 3,000-mesh natural village sprinkler operation requires only one solar multi-function translational sprinkler It is extremely practical, especially energy-saving and water-saving.
  • the average per-acre sprinkler energy consumption is only 1-3 kWh, and the cost is low.
  • the telescopic beam is divided into two parts, which are simple to assemble and are respectively arranged on both sides of the reel.
  • the telescopic beam can be floated up and down at the same time, or the outside of the telescopic beam is inclined downwards to facilitate the installation of the water spray device, and the water spray height can be adjusted according to the height of the crop to reduce the evaporation of water, and the installation and maintenance are convenient in the future, and the telescopic beam is extended or retracted. Only by enabling solar power, the telescopic beams on both sides of the reel can be pulled out or retracted at the same time.
  • the wheel gauge of the driving wheel can be adjusted to ensure the operation of the slope and the general road transportation. The setting of the guide is guaranteed. Both the straight block and the curved block can work with the terrain.
  • the universal balance wheel ensures the overall horizontal structure and firmness of the translational sprinkler, and the multi-speed shift can adjust the quality of the spray according to the drought conditions.
  • the concentration of pesticides, the ideal injector can uniformly inject the liquid into the water spray device.
  • the overall design is divided into three parts.
  • the drive system and the reel device are part of the two parts, and the two sides of the beam are two parts, regardless of transportation or assembly.
  • Very simple and convenient Operation, its power setting is superior to solar power.
  • the combination of steam and firewood effectively protects the normal operation of the solar multi-function translational sprinkler in any weather conditions.
  • the top ejector and each section of the universal balance wheel The slanting design of the ejector rod above the outer opening of the telescopic beam further increases the robustness of the long-span beam and reduces the overall height and road driving requirements.
  • the reel and the reel of the reel are arranged to enable the solar multi-function translation. When the sprinkler is working, the water pipe is automatically retracted, and the setting of the flame-extinguishing pin can automatically extinguish the water when the water pipe is finished, and the water pipe is not pulled off.
  • the present invention provides a solar multi-functional translation type sprinkler, which comprises a power system, a mother beam, a telescopic beam, a water spray device, a jack device, a spray system, a reel device, a guide, a drive wheel, a universal balance theory, a main beam and a traction beam, the power system is disposed at a lower end of the main beam, and is connected with driving wheels disposed at both ends of the main beam, and the front ends of the two driving wheels are respectively provided with guides.
  • the mother beam and the telescopic beam are two parts, and the water spray device is suspended at the lower end, and is respectively suspended by the ejector device on both sides of the reel device, which is a multi-section telescopic type, and the reel device is disposed above the main beam,
  • the front end is provided with a spraying system, and the universal balancing wheel is disposed at two lower ends of the two sets of the parent beam, and the pulling beam is disposed on both sides of the main beam.
  • the power system includes a solar panel, a battery, a generator, an electric control panel, an electric gearbox, and a reducer that can adjust a 360 degree angle
  • the solar panel is disposed on the mother beam to connect the battery and the generator with wires.
  • the electric control panel and the electric gearbox are provided with two sets of power output shafts respectively connected by a transmission rod and a speed reducer disposed on the two driving wheels.
  • the telescopic beam is a two-part telescopic type, which is composed of a plurality of sections, and the two-part telescopic beam is fixed on the beam seat by the mother beam, and the expansion and contraction method can be set into two modes according to requirements, namely, electric telescopic type and Cable telescopic.
  • the water spraying device is two parts, which are respectively formed by splicing a plurality of hoses, and are connected by two ends of the intermediate water shaft of the upper water pipe and the reel, and the lower end is provided with a plurality of water spray pipes and solid at equal distances.
  • the ejector device comprises a ejector pin, a cable and a tension spring inserted into the upper end of the outer beam of the mother beam and each of the telescopic beam, and the left and right flat ejector pins and flat pulls of the outer mouth.
  • the cable set tension spring is fixed to the upper end of the beam seat, and the other end is connected to the ejector pin on the mother beam
  • the cables on each of the telescopic beams are respectively fastened to the outer side of the upper end of the top bar on the female beam, except for the extension beam of the adjacent mother beam, and the other passes through the ejector of the front extension beam Attached to the outer port of each section of the telescopic beam
  • the cable of the electric cable reel b passes through a plurality of sets of pulley blocks of the two beam seats, and is connected to the upper end of the side beam seat for controlling the whole of the mother beam and the telescopic beam
  • the safety lock is disposed at the top of the two beam seats, and one end of the flat cable is fixed on the left and right flat top rods of the mother beam, and then is fixed to the outermost
  • the spraying system comprises a medicine box, a pressure pump and a drug injector, wherein the medicine box is connected by a hose to a pressure pump disposed under the main beam, the pressure pump is arranged by the high pressure tube and disposed on both sides of the water shaft The injector connection of the device in the upper water pipe of the water outlet.
  • the reel device includes a reel, a water shaft, a water pipe, a stern, a coiler and a reel, and the reel is fixed on the bracket by a water shaft, and the water pipe is inserted at one end.
  • water outlets at both ends of the water shaft are respectively connected to the water pipe, and the other end of the water pipe is connected to the water well through a coil auxiliary device disposed on one side of the reel, and the water stop is disposed on the water shaft, the volume
  • the arm of the tube assister controls the rotational speed of the roller, which is disposed below the reel and meshes with the ring gear that is fixed to the reel.
  • the driving wheels are in a two-group structure with the mother beam as a whole.
  • the structure of the invention is simple, and the whole structure is 'T' type, and does not need to destroy the cultivated land during operation, does not occupy cultivated land when parked, and has low manufacturing and installation cost. It is easy to maintain and can be completed by 1 or 2 people.
  • the driving wheel of the invention is a front and rear single-row two-wheel drive, and the two driving wheels are the central center of the whole, and the perfect combination of the universal balancing wheel and the ejector cable on both sides makes the span reach more than 100 meters, achieving the purpose of large-span operation.
  • the field is moving laterally, it is only necessary to rotate the two driving wheels by 90 degrees to realize the movement. It is not necessary to prepare other powers, and it can also be pulled by a four-wheel tractor when moving to a distant land.
  • the ejector device of the invention effectively improves the firmness of the large-span telescopic beam and reduces the overall height of the sprinkler, whether it can be erected through the air in the field or on the road.
  • the solar power and generator combination of the present invention can better reduce energy waste, and can work normally during day or night.
  • the solar panel provided by the invention can be adjusted 360 degrees to ensure that the solar panel can face the sun regardless of the direction in which the sprinkler is operated to ensure an optimal state of charge.
  • the telescopic design of the telescopic beam of the present invention consists of multiple sections, and the telescopic beam can meet the requirements of different arable widths.
  • the spray system design of the invention effectively reduces the workload of the farmers, and the spraying is uniform and the speed is fast.
  • the invention advances or retreats with more speed regulation, and the guide design can operate in which direction the sprinkler is operated during the operation, that is, the guide is moved to the driving wheel in the forward direction, thereby effectively guiding the sprinkler with the arable land situation. Homework, to ensure that the crop is not crushed.
  • the reel support device provided by the reel device of the present invention effectively controls the sprinkler to retract or release the water pipe in the reel whether it is moving forward or backward during operation.
  • the adjustable two-wheel drive wheel pitch design of the present invention enables the sprinkler to ensure the need for no rollover and on-road travel during sloping operations without disassembly.
  • the traction beam provided by the invention goes to the next block operation, it can be installed on either side of the two driving wheels at any time according to the direction of the going, and is driven by other power to increase the traveling speed.
  • the invention is convenient for the operator to install the water spraying device and the maintenance before and after each operation, and the mother beam and the telescopic beam of the solar multifunctional translational sprinkler are designed as a whole drop type and an outer end down type.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the moving structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view showing another operation structure of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pre- and post-work loading and unloading embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention.
  • Figure 5A is a schematic structural view of an extension structure of the telescopic beam of the present invention.
  • 5B is a schematic view showing a retracting embodiment of the telescopic beam of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7A is a schematic view of an embodiment of a coiled tubing aid of the present invention.
  • Figure 7B is a side elevational view of the embodiment of the coiled tube centralizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 7C is a schematic view of an embodiment of a reel of the present invention.
  • 1 power system includes: 11 solar panels, 12 steering rods, 13 batteries, 14 electric gearboxes, 15 electric control panels, 16 generators, 17 reducers, 18 transmission rods;
  • Mother beam including: 20 telescopic beam, 21 gear motor, 22 safety pin, 23 roller, 24 electric cable (a), 25 cable, 26 cable, 27 cable, 28 rack, 29 Beam seat, 30 pin shaft, 31 moving wheel;
  • 3 water spray devices including: 37 soft water pipes, 38 water pipes, 39 water pipes, 40 nozzles,
  • 4 Pole device including: 44 ejector, 45 pin, 46 electric reel (b), 47 cable, 48 tension spring, 49 pulley block, 50 safety lock, 51 flat ram, 52 flat cable;
  • 5 spray system including: 55 medicine box, 56 pressure pump, 57 injection device;
  • 6 Reel device including: 63 reel, 64 water shaft, 65 water pipe, 66 reel, 67 stop ⁇ , 68 ring gear, 70 roll tube assist, including: 72 pulley, 73 moving pulley, 74 Arm, 75 gear, 76 reel, 77 centralizer, 78 high and low arm, 79 guide, 80 guide roller, 81 slider, 82 spring, 83 axle seat, 84 sleeve, 85 control cassette, 86 inner shaft, 87 Needle, 88 spring, 89'U' slot a, 90'U' slot b, 91 shaft nail.
  • the invention improves the telescopic beam and the like into an electric telescopic type, a cable retractable type or a splicing type on the basis of the existing sprinkler, so that the operation is convenient, simple and quick.
  • the power system is equipped with solar power, with solar power as the mainstay, supplemented by steam and diesel power to reduce energy consumption.
  • each telescopic beam is telescoped by the oscillating ejector rod of the front section telescopic beam, and the flat cable installed on the left and right sides reduces the overall height of the sprinkler and increases the intensity of the sprinkler. Increased overall robustness of the sprinkler.
  • the front end of the driving wheel is equipped with a guide to effectively ensure the driving operation according to the required route during the sprinkling operation, and the crop is not crushed.
  • the increased spray system makes the sprinklers more effective and reduces the labor burden on farmers.
  • the two sets of drive wheel track adjustable design make the sprinkler more stable and adapt to road transport when working on slopes.
  • the combination of the reel of the reel unit, the coiler aid and the reel allows the hose to be fully automated and sized.
  • a solar multi-functional translation type sprinkler comprising a power system 1, a mother beam 2, a telescopic beam 20, a water spraying device 3, a jack device 4, and a spraying system 5,
  • the reel device 6, the guide 7, the drive wheel 8, the universal balance wheel 92, the main beam 10 and the bracket 9, the telescopic beam 20 is in two parts, each part is composed of a plurality of rectangular square tubes of different specifications (in order to reduce the weight of the rectangular square tube)
  • the utility model is provided with two sets of the mother beam 2, and is supported by the ejector device 4 and the beam seat 29 by the pin 30 and fixed on the bracket 9 on both sides of the reel device 6, the mother beam 2 and each section.
  • the water spray device 3 is composed of a plurality of soft water pipes 37, and a plurality of water spray pipes 39 and a spray head 40 are disposed at equal distances.
  • the water spray device 3 is hung on each of the mother beams 2 and extended.
  • the lower end of the telescopic beam 20 is connected by the upper water pipe 38 to the two ends of the water shaft 64 of the center of the reel 63.
  • the reel 63 is fixed on the bracket 9 by the water shaft 64, the bracket 9 is fixed on the upper end of the main beam 10, the front and rear ends of the reel 63 respectively fixed the spraying system 5, the electric control panel 15 and the coil auxiliary device 70;
  • the driving wheels 8 are two groups, and the wheel wheels are adjustable (rotatable by 90 degrees) respectively disposed at the lower ends of the main beam 10, and the guides 7 are arranged in front of them (the guides 7 are a set of solar multi-functional translation type sprinklers according to the solar energy)
  • the working direction is interchanged; the solar panel 11 of the power system 1 is disposed above the mother beam 2 by the steering rod 12 (the solar panel is always held toward the sun by the steering rod 12), and the electric control panel 15 is connected by wires, and is disposed on the main beam
  • the lower battery 13 is simultaneously connected to the generator 16 on one side thereof (the generator 16 is charged when the battery 13 is insufficient, and can simultaneously drive the motor gearbox 14 to work) and the motor gearbox 14 is connected (the electric gearbox
  • the cable 47 and the tension spring 48 connected to the top end of the beam seat 29 are passed through the upper ram 44 above the outer opening of the female beam 2 (the other end of the cable 47 and the outside of the a-section telescopic beam 20)
  • the port is fixed upwards to lift the a-section telescopic beam 20 upwards (the function of the tension spring 48 is to prevent the sag when each section of the telescopic beam 20 is pulled out) to ensure the level and firmness of the a section and the b-section of the b-section telescopic beam.
  • the safety pin 22 disposed under the outer opening of the mother beam 2 automatically locks the extended a-section telescopic beam 20, and the electronic control device disposed on the safety pin 22 cuts off the mother beam 2.
  • the gear motor 21 is powered, and at the same time, the electric energy is guided through the wire to the geared motor 21 on the telescopic beam 20, and then the b-section telescopic beam 20 set in the section a is driven through the roller 2 fixed under the a section.
  • the cable 47 and the tension spring 48 which are extended by the ejector rod 44 provided on the mother beam 2 (the cable 47 and the tension spring 48 of each of the telescopic beams 20 other than a are all fixed on the mother beam 2
  • the ejector 44 is fixed on the outer end of each of the struts 44.
  • the struts 44 on the a-section telescopic beam are lifted upwards to hold the b-section telescopic beam 20 horizontally.
  • the safety pin 22 is locked. And directing the electric energy to the b-speed motor 21 (each of which extends as described above), so that the multi-section telescopic beam 20 is fully extended.
  • the telescopic beam 20 is completely retracted into the mother beam 2, and the electric control panel 15 is first opened. (All electrical equipment is controlled by the electric control panel 15 Starting the electric reeling machine a24 disposed above the reel 63 to wind the return cable 26 (the other end of the return cable 26 is connected to the c-section of the two-part telescopic beam 20).
  • the safety pin 22 is first The c-section is unlocked by the return cable 26, and the unlocked c-section telescopic beam 20 is pulled back into the b-section connected thereto, and then the retracted c-section telescopic beam 20 touches the b-section safety pin 22 to unlock, and then the b-section
  • the telescopic beam 20 is pulled into the a-section telescopic beam 20, so that all the extended telescopic beams 20 are pulled into the mother beam 2 (the above-mentioned telescopic beam 20 protrudes from the inner and outer sections when it is extended, and the most The outer section is retracted inwardly, and the two-part telescopic beams 20 on both sides of the reel device 6 are simultaneously extended and contracted).
  • the telescopic beam 20 of the present invention can activate the electric reeling machine a24 (as shown in FIG. 2A, the reel of the retracting cable 26 is first disconnected from the electric reeling machine a24 by the separating device). Winding the cable 25, the other end of the cable 25 is fixed to the cable wheel 27 through the outer hole of the mother beam 2 (the mother beam 2, the cable wheel 27 is fixed on the upper end of the front port of each of the telescopic beams 20) and then reversed therein.
  • the moving wheel 31 at the rear end of the a-section telescopic beam 20 (the moving wheel 31 is fixed on the rear port of each of the telescopic beam 20) and then the cable wheel 27 on the outer port of the b-section telescopic beam 20, thus passing through each of the telescopic beams 20
  • the upper cable pulley 27 and the movable wheel 31 are connected to the rear end of the telescopic beam 20 of the c-section, and the extension of each of the telescopic beams 20 is performed; under the action of the extension cable 25, the safety pin 22 of the female beam 2 is first unlocked.
  • the telescopic beam 20 is pulled out by the extension cable 25 under the action of the movable wheel 31.
  • the telescopic beam 20 can be arranged by splicing a plurality of sections of hard material, and is sealed at the splicing point, so that after the liquid is not leaked, the plurality of water spray pipes 39 and the spray head 40 are disposed at equal distances.
  • the spraying system 5 firstly puts the prepared medical liquid into the medicine box 55 (shown in FIG. 4), which is connected by a hose to a pressure pump 56 disposed on one side of the generator 16, and the pressure pump 56 is connected to the electric motor by a V-belt.
  • the gearbox 14 is pressurized and injected into the injector 57 disposed in the water pipe 38 on both sides of the water shaft 64 through the high pressure pipe (the injector is provided with a regulating valve) to be sprayed while spraying water. effect;
  • the working procedure of the reel device 6 is as shown in FIG.
  • the "eight"-shaped guide roller 80 provided on the guide frame 79 is passed through the "U"-shaped groove a89 at the top end of the centralizer 86 provided on the inner shaft 86 and the high-low arm 78 provided on the rear side of the centralizer 77.
  • the U"-shaped groove b90 is connected to the central water shaft 64 fixed to the reel 63, and the water pipe 65 is wound by a ring gear 68 fixed to the reel 63, and the lower water pipe 65 is driven to the B by the reel 66.
  • the water pipe 65 pulls the centralizer 86 that is fixed to the inner shaft 86 in the B direction.
  • the shaft seat 83 in the A direction pushes the spring 82 set on the inner shaft 86 in the A direction, and is disposed on the sleeve 84.
  • the lower end pin 87 catches the slider 81 so that the centralizer 77 acts under the inner shaft 86 (the inner shaft 86 is integrated with the centralizer) to generate a pulling force in the direction A, thereby achieving a coil of the water pipe 65 in a circle.
  • the control pin 85 fixed on the shaft seat 83 at this time touches the first card pin 87 (both sides of the A and B sides are respectively provided) More than two card pins 87), the sliding body 81 is slid to the second card pin 87 (so state up to the B end), and the other bobbin auxiliary function is when the water pipe 65 has been wound in the reel 63 by half.
  • the water pipe 65 on the "eight"-shaped guide roller 80 on the front end guide 79 of the sleeve 84 naturally slides toward the B-direction guide roller 80, and is required when the water supply pipe 65 is wound in the A direction.
  • the slider 81 and the spring 82 in the B direction are applied by the shaft 91 on the inner shaft 86 (the shafts 91 are fixed on the inner shaft 86 of the centralizer 77) to the B.
  • the direction is free to slide and does not have any effect.
  • the water pipe 65 as shown above is directed to A.
  • the spring 82 of the spring 82 in the B direction is in the working state as shown above, and the direction A is free to slide with the inner shaft 86, and so on until the entire water pipe 65 is completely wound up.
  • the arm 74 on the 78 moves downward (the high and low arms 78 are always engaged with the water pipe 65 through the "U" shaped groove b90 under the action of the support spring 88) forcing the movable pulley 73 provided on the reel 76 to slide.
  • the angle between the pulley 72 and the moving pulley 73 changes. Therefore, the driving wheel 8 (as shown in FIG. 4, the driving wheel 8 is connected to the pulley 72 and the moving pulley 73 via the V-belt) has a constant rotation speed in the water pipe.
  • each layer will change the diameter of the wheel between the moving pulley 73 and the pulley 72, and the rotation speed will change, and the gear 75 will be shifted accordingly, thereby driving the reel 63 to reach the water pipe 65 no matter how many layers are wound. They are all synchronized.
  • the present invention when the present invention moves other land blocks in the field, first select the direction of the direction to install the traction beam 93 on the main beam 10 side of the sprinkler (the traction beam 93 can be installed on both sides of the main beam 10).
  • the legs 94 disposed on both sides of the reel 63 are lowered, and the traction beam 93 is removed to lift the driving wheels 8 off the ground, and then the driving wheel 8 is rotated 90 degrees to work, such as Moving around the ground requires only starting the powertrain 1 without having to configure additional power.
  • Case 1 If the sprinkler is inconvenient to start sprinkling from the water source, that is, the water source is at the ground, and the sprinkler starts to sprinkle from the ground (as shown in Figure 4), the scheme is as follows: transport the sprinkler to the ground to take the guide 7 is placed at the front end of the drive wheel 8 facing the ground direction, and the guide 7 is aligned with the ditch in which the drive wheel 8 travels, and the water pipe 65 in the reel 63 is pulled out. A multi-section A water belt is laid between the ground and the ground, and the B water belt is connected to the water source at the end of the A and B water belts.
  • each contact is a quick connector
  • the other end is connected to the water pipe 65 (the A and B water belts are preferentially set to a plurality of 60 meters long single-section connection), and the selected sprinkler file is opened. Speed and water source.
  • the water is sent from the ground to the ground sprinkler through a multi-section A and B water belt laid on the ground.
  • the upper water pipe After passing through the water shaft 64, the upper water pipe enters the mother beam 2 and the lower end of the telescopic beam 20
  • the sprinklers are evenly sprayed by the spray heads 40, and the sprinklers are sprayed to the ground while the drive wheels 8 drive the reel 63 to rotate by the reel 66.
  • the pipe 65 is continuously entangled into the reel 63.
  • the water source is closed, the water pipe 65 in the reel 63 and its adjacent water belt A are disassembled, the water belt A is removed from the water belt B and taken away, and then the water pipe 65 in the reel 63 is pulled out again.
  • the sprinkler is connected through the water pipe 65 and the water belt B. Water. Turn on the water source and the sprinkler to continue the sprinkler operation. Repeat this until sprinkling to the ground.
  • the guide 7 is removed first, then the two drive wheels 8 of the sprinkler are lifted, and the two drive wheels 8 are rotated 90 degrees to lock, and the drive wheel 8 is parallel to the sprinkler mother beam 2 at this time.
  • Starting the power system 1 causes the sprinkler to travel laterally to the next section of the unsprayed, turning the drive wheel 8 back to the original position, and the guide 7 is placed in front of the ground-facing drive wheel 8 to drive the reel 66 and the tooth
  • the circle is separated, (the reverse direction is the discharge pipe, and the roller 66 is not required to be driven), the water pipe 65 wound by the reel 63 is connected to the water source, and the water source and the power system 1 are started (the sprinkler is advanced, and the rear row is more The gear only needs to be connected to the reverse gear.)
  • the sprinkler is driven to the ground end by spraying, until the 60-meter water pipe 65 in the reel 63 is completely discharged, and the automatic shutdown ⁇ 67 turns off the power system 1 to stop the sprinkler.
  • the water pipe 65 is disconnected from the water source, and then retracted into the reel 63, and then one of the water belts A or B is taken, one end is connected to the water source, and the other end is connected to the water pipe 65 in the reel 63.
  • Start the power system 1 so that the sprinkler continues to travel toward the ground end so repeatedly until it is sprinkled to the ground. If the width of the cultivated land is still completed, the above Repeatedly until all the plots are completely sprayed. If the last section is less than the width of the sprinkler, the telescopic beam 20 is retracted to the remaining plot width according to the remaining width and the retracted portion lower end sprinkler 3 is removed. , you can work.
  • Case 2 When the crops need to be sprayed with various pesticides at different times, the operation does not need to be excessively large.
  • the nozzle 40 is replaced with a small nozzle, the spray pressure is increased to produce a misty effect, and the prepared pesticide is added to the medicine box 55.
  • the injector 57 is adjusted, (the injector 57 can uniformly mix the liquid into the water), and the water source and the power system 1 are activated, as described in the above-mentioned sprinkling operation, and the spraying operation is performed if the distance between the ridges and the ridges is It is relatively long and the liquid medicine in the medicine box 55 has been used up. It is necessary to stop the injection of the liquid medicine, and so on until all the blocks have completed the operation.
  • Case 4 If the machine is running in the sunny direction, no matter which direction the sprinkler is driving, in order to ensure that the solar panel 11 charges the battery 13 at all times, it is necessary to adjust the adjustment rod 12 in time to keep the solar panel surface like sunlight, when the sunlight is insufficient.
  • the electric control device of the generator automatically starts the generator 16 to drive the electric gearbox 14 to work while replenishing the battery 13 and wait until the battery 13 is fully charged to turn off the generator 16. Battery 13 continues to operate.
  • Case 5 when the sprinkler must be removed after the operation is completed, first remove the leg 94, rotate the drive wheel 8 by 90 degrees, and start the electric reel b 46, lowering the two-part telescopic beam 20 to take off the water spray device 3, and retracting the two-part telescopic beam 20 into the mother beam 2 at the start of the electric reeling machine a 24, at the start of the electric reeling machine b 46
  • the safety lock 50 is locked, and the two sets of driving wheel tracks are adjusted to the prescribed width of the road, and the traction beam 93 is placed in the direction of the direction, and is taken by the four-wheel tractor (due to the distance) Far away from its own speed, it will be repeated as described above after reaching the ground in the next operation.
  • the present invention focuses on the two drive wheels 8 and horizontally supports the mother beam 2 telescopic beams 20 on both sides of the reel device 6 to form a "T".
  • the type structure and load-bearing balance make the two sets of universal balance wheels not subject to any gravity, but only play a balancing role.
  • the design of the telescopic beam 20 and the ejector device can be adjusted according to the needs. The experiment can be extended from multiple sections to one hundred. Above the meter, it can repeatedly meet the large-scale sprinkling operation and pesticide spraying.
  • the design of the guide ensures that the sprinkler does not crush the crop, and the bending work of the ridge can be carried out without deviation.
  • the sprinkler can operate more than 4,000 mu of land in a dry period (20 days), and the water source requirements are not high.
  • An average of 1000 mu of land can be prepared for one well (water source). According to the statistics, the water saving during operation of the invention is low, and the energy saving cost is low.
  • the average irrigation per acre is only 1 to 3 kWh.
  • the main body 'T' type structure of the present invention is not limited to a specific shape.
  • the telescopic beam can be suspended at a certain height without being limited to a specific shape, as long as the main pipe is made of a hard material, and the ejector device at the upper portion of the telescopic beam ensures stability.
  • the telescopic mode of the telescopic beam can be flexibly set according to requirements.
  • the end of each section of the telescopic beam can be set as a sub-female connector, and the multi-section can be realized by plugging the end and the tail, or can be designed as a multi-section splicing mode.

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Abstract

一种太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，它包括动力***（1）、母梁（2）、伸缩梁（20）、喷水装置（3）、顶杆装置（4）、喷药***（5）、卷盘装置（6）、导向器（7）、驱动轮（8）、万向平衡轮（92）、主梁（10）和牵引梁（93），所述动力***（1）设置在主梁（10）下端，并与设置在主梁（10）两端的驱动轮（8）连接，两驱动轮（8）前端分别设有导向器（7），所述母梁（2）与伸缩梁（20）为两部分，下端吊挂喷水装置（3），分别由顶杆装置（4）吊挂在卷盘装置（6）两侧，其为多节伸缩式，所述卷盘装置（6）设置在主梁（10）上方，其前端设有喷药***（5），所述万向平衡轮（92）为两组对等设置在两组母梁（2）下端，所述牵引梁（93）设置在主梁（10）两侧，整体呈"T"型结构，成本低安装方便，大面积平地与15度左右缓坡地均可喷灌，1000亩地左右一眼井即可，每台在20天可喷灌4000亩地以上。

Description

太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机 技术领域
本发明涉及农业平地、坡地和牧业草场大面积灌溉及农药喷洒的喷灌机 , 特别涉及一种自伸缩 , 自导向 , 多档调速 , 多种动力及地头横向自走式喷灌机。
背景技术
目前喷灌机仍是世界上应用最广的灌溉技术,具有明显的优越性,喷灌与传统的地面灌溉相比,在我国的实践中可以减少用水30%-50%,增产20%-30%,因此喷灌技术对于推动农业集中经营和提高劳动生产力具有重要意义,尤其是我国多地区水资源紧张,推广节能节水的喷灌技术尤为重要.然而我国现有的喷灌技术仍有多处不足；第一，现有的喷灌机结构复杂且不能移动,推广性很差;第二，大型喷灌机多为圆形面积的喷灌方式,而我国农业生产的地块什么形状都有,会留下喷灌死角或者越界喷灌,如300亩方形地即有62亩地喷灌不到，矩形地块会有更多地喷灌不到,喷灌效率很低；第三，由于喷灌机不能移动为保证最大面积喷灌,每跨只能设为圆弧形,圆弧形结构限制了其横跨的长度(每跨为60米以内),为了达到横跨长度只能多跨连接,因每跨都有一组车轮,这样就对农作物造成很多碾压,第四，由于喷灌机不能移动,每组地块都要装置喷灌机,并且生产装置及日后修理都不方便；第五以前的喷灌机横梁伸缩***生产成本高不灵活,且伸缩横梁伸出后左右未设拉索难以保障大风等特出天气左右摆动,并且喷水装置设在横梁架内每次操作安装不方便,第六,以前喷灌机因两驱动轮轮距不可调,在坡地作业易翻车,并且在路上运输不合乎标准；第七,以前喷灌机没有调向设备,不能随耕地情况自行调向易走偏；第八,以前喷灌机横梁不能调整高低在安装喷水装置时不方便；第九,以前喷灌机从动轮不灵活；第十,以前喷灌机工作时不能根据旱情调整喷灌速度；第十一,以前喷灌机作用单一不能喷洒农药和除草剂；第十二,以前喷灌机组装不灵活；第十三,以前喷灌机动力***不节能；第十四,以前喷灌机顶杆无斜度,拉力不够大且死板不能摆动且过高不适应道路行驶要求；第十五,以前喷灌机卷管盘自动化程度低， 卷绕时需要人工整理；
 发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述的不足,提供一种 太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机,本发明不仅跨度大(跨长100米左右实施喷灌作业),为了结构简单牢固和车轮不碾压作物,整体形状设计为“T”型结构其可移动的设计使浇地时不重复喷灌不留边角,并可去往任何形状地块,其卷盘的设计能够实现对远离水源的灵活喷灌同时还可以喷洒各种农药,平均1000亩地仅需一口井即可,一个干旱时期(20天)可喷灌4000亩地,3000目的自然村喷灌作业仅需本太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机一台 ,实用性极强,尤其是节能节水,平均每亩地的喷灌耗能仅1-3度电,成本低,其设有的伸缩横梁分两部分,组装简单,分别设置在卷盘两侧并可同时上下浮动,或伸缩梁外侧下斜以利于安装喷水装置,并且根据作物高低调整喷水高低还能减少水分蒸发,而且日后安装与维修方便,其伸缩梁在伸出或缩回时只需启用太阳能动力便可同时将卷管盘两侧的伸缩梁同时诸节拉出或缩回,其驱动轮的轮距可调保障了坡地作业与一般路面运输要求,其导向器的设置保证了平直地块与弯地块都能随其地形而作业,其万向平衡轮的设置保证了平移式喷灌机的整体水平结构与牢固,其多档变速可根据干旱情况调整喷地质量及农药的浓度,其理想的注药器能够均匀将药液注入喷水装置内,其整体设计分三大部分,驱动***与卷盘装置为一部分,两侧横梁为两部分,无论运输还是组装都很简单方便易操作,其动力设置更优越以太阳能动力为主，汽、柴为辅有效保障了在任何天气情况下本太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机的正常工作，其万向平衡轮的顶部顶杆与每节伸缩梁外口上方的顶杆杆内斜设计进一步加大了大跨度横梁的牢固性,并降低了整体高度和道路行驶要求,其卷盘的辅助器和卷动器设置使太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机在作业时水管自动卷回，其熄火销的设置可使水管作业放完时自动熄火,保障水管不被拉断。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所提供的方案是：一种太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，它包括动力***、母梁、伸缩梁、喷水装置、顶杆装置、喷药***、卷盘装置、导向器、驱动轮、万向平衡论、主梁和牵引梁，所述动力***设置在主梁下端，并与设置在主梁两端的驱动轮连接，两驱动轮前端分别设有导向器，所述母梁与伸缩梁为两部分，下端吊挂喷水装置，分别由顶杆装置吊挂在卷盘装置两侧，其为多节伸缩式，所述卷盘装置设置在主梁上方，其前端设有喷药***，所述万向平衡轮为两组对等设置在两组母梁下端，所述牵引梁设置在主梁两侧。
进一步的，所述动力***包括可调整360度角的太阳能板、蓄电池、发电机、电控盘、电动变速箱和减速机，所述太阳能板设置在母梁上用导线连接蓄电池、发电机、电控盘和电动变速箱，所述电动变速箱上设有两组动力输出轴分别用传动杆与设置在两驱动轮上的减速机连接。
进一步的，所述伸缩梁为两部分伸缩式，由多节组成，两部分伸缩梁由母梁固装在梁座上，其伸缩方法可根据需要设置为两种方式，分别是电动伸缩式和拉索伸缩式。
进一步的，所述喷水装置为两部分，分别由多根软管拼接而成，由上水管与卷盘的中间水轴两端连接，其下端按等距离设有多个喷水管和固装在喷水管上的喷头。
进一步的，所述顶杆装置包括由销钉插装在母梁和每节伸缩梁外端口上端并可随拉锁前后摆动的顶杆、拉索和拉簧与外口左右的平顶杆、平拉索，和装置在卷盘上端的电动卷索机b与两组梁座上端的滑轮组和安全销，所述拉索套装拉簧固接在梁座上端，另一端连接在母梁上的顶杆内侧，所述每节伸缩梁上的拉索分别套装拉簧后固接在母梁上的顶杆上端外侧，除相邻母梁的伸缩梁外，其它均通过前节伸缩梁的顶杆后固接在各节伸缩梁外口上，所述电动卷索机b的拉索通过两梁座上装置的多组滑轮组后，连接在一侧梁座上端，用于控制母梁与伸缩梁的整体下落或外端下斜，所述安全锁设置在两梁座顶端，所述平拉索一端固接在母梁左右平顶杆上，再通过各节伸缩梁后固接在最外节伸缩梁左右。
进一步的，所述喷药***包括药箱、压力泵和注药器，所述药箱由胶管与设置在主梁下方的压力泵连通，所述压力泵由高压管与设置在水轴两侧出水口的上水管内装置的注药器连接。
进一步的，所述卷盘装置包括，卷盘、水轴、水管、停机拴、卷管辅助器和卷动器，所述卷盘由水轴固装在支架上，所述水管一端插接在水轴上，水轴两端设有出水口分别连通上水管，水管另一端通过设置在卷盘下方一侧的卷管辅助器与水井连接，所述停机拴设置在水轴上，所述卷管辅助器的调臂控制卷动器的转速，所述卷动器设置在卷盘下方并与卷盘上固装的齿圈齿合。
进一步的，所述驱动轮为两组与母梁整体呈'T'型结构。
采用上述技术方案，本发明的技术效果有:
1. 本发明的结构简单，整体呈'T'型结构，作业时不需要破坏耕地，停放时不占用耕地，制作及安装成本低 ，维修方便，1到2人即可完成作业。
2. 本发明的驱动轮为前后单行两轮驱动，并以两驱动轮为整体中心支重点，与两侧万向平衡轮和顶杆拉索完美组合使跨度达到100米以上，达到了大跨度作业目的，在田间地头横向移动时只需将两驱动轮旋转90度即可实现移动，无需配制其他动力，在移至远距离地块时也可用四轮拖拉机牵引。
3. 本发明的顶杆装置有效提高了大跨度伸缩梁的牢固性和减小喷灌机总体高度，无论田间还是道路上均能通过空中架设的设施。
4. 本发明的太阳能动力和发电机的搭配更好的减少能源浪费，无论在白天或夜间都能正常作业。
5. 本发明所设置的太阳能板可调360度确保无论喷灌机向哪个方向作业都能将太阳能板朝向太阳，以保证最佳充电状态。
6. 本发明伸缩梁的伸缩设计由多节组成，通过伸缩梁可满足不同耕地宽度的需求。
7. 本发明的喷药***设计，有效减轻了农民作业量，喷洒均匀，速度快。
8. 本发明前行或后退均为多当调速，其导向器设计可在作业时，喷灌机向哪个方向作业，即将导向器移至前行方向的驱动轮前，有效保障随耕地情况引导喷灌机作业，保证不走偏不碾压作物。
9. 本发明的卷盘装置所设置的卷管辅助器有效控制了喷灌机在作业时无论前行还是后退都能使卷盘内的水管收起或放出自如。
10. 本发明的两组驱动轮轮距可调的设计可使喷灌机在坡地作业时保证不翻车和在路上的行驶的需求，无需拆卸。
11. 本发明所设置的牵引梁在去往下一地块作业时，可根据所去的方向随时安装在两驱动轮任意一侧，用其他动力牵走提高行驶速度。
12. 本发明为了方便作业人员在每次作业前和作业后，方便安装喷水装置与维修，本太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机的母梁和伸缩梁设计为整体下落式和外端下斜式。
附图说明
图1是本发明的移动结构示意图；
图2A是本发明具体实施例结构示意图；
图2B是本发明具体实施例又一作业结构示意图；
图3是本发明作业前与作业后装卸实施例结构示意图；
图4是本发明侧视图；
图5A是本发明伸缩梁伸出实施例结构示意图；
图 5B是本发明伸缩梁缩回实施例示意图；
图6是本发明的实施例俯视结构示意图；
图7A是本发明卷管辅助器实施例示意图；
图7B是本发明卷管扶正器实施例侧视示意图；
图7C是本发明的卷动器实施例示意图；
其中，1动力***包括：11太阳能板，12调向杆，13蓄电池，14电动变速箱，15电控盘，16发电机，17减速机，18传动杆；
2 母梁，其中包括：20伸缩梁，21减速电机，22安全销，23托轮，24电动卷索机（a），25伸拉索，26缩回索，27索轮，28齿条，29梁座，30销轴，31动轮；
3 喷水装置，其中包括：37软水管，38上水管，39喷水管，40喷头，
4 顶杆装置，其中包括：44顶杆，45销钉，46电动卷索机(b)，47拉索，48拉簧，49滑轮组，50安全锁，51平顶杆，52平拉索；
5 喷药***，其中包括：55药箱，56压力泵，57注药器；
6 卷盘装置,其中包括：63卷盘，64水轴，65水管，66卷动器，67停机拴，68齿圈，70卷管辅助器，其中包括：72带轮，73动带轮，74调臂，75齿轮，76卷轴，77扶正器，78高低臂，79导向架，80导向滚，81滑体，82弹簧，83轴座，84管套，85控卡拴，86内轴，87卡针，88支簧，89'U'型槽a,90'U'型槽b,91轴钉。
7. 导向器，8驱动轮，9支架，10主梁，92万向平衡轮，93牵引梁，94机腿。
本发明的实施方式
本发明是在现有喷灌机的基础上将伸缩梁等改进为电动伸缩式、拉索伸缩式或拼接式，使作业时操作方便、简单快捷。同时，将动力***加装太阳能动力，以太阳能动力为主，汽、柴动力为辅，减小能源消耗。将顶杆装置的改进，每节伸缩梁伸缩均由其前节伸缩梁可摆动的顶杆顶起，及左右加装的平拉索,降低了喷灌机整体高度，加大了喷灌机强度，增加了喷灌机整体牢固性。将驱动轮前端加装导向器，有效保障喷灌作业时按所需路线行驶作业，不碾压作物。增加的喷药***使喷灌机作用更广，减轻农民劳动负担。两组驱动轮轮距可调的设计，使喷灌机在坡地作业时更稳定和适应道路运输。卷盘装置的卷盘、卷管辅助器和卷动器的搭配使水管卷绕达到全自动和规格。下面结合附图说明本发明的具体实施方式；
如图2A、图4、图6所示：一种太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，包括动力***1、母梁2、伸缩梁20、喷水装置3、顶杆装置4、喷药***5、卷盘装置6、导向器7、驱动轮8、万向平衡轮92、主梁10和支架9，伸缩梁20为两部分，每部分由多节不同规格矩形方管（为了减轻重量矩形方管打有工艺孔）互相套装在两组母梁2内，由顶杆装置4和梁座29分左右通过销轴30固装在卷盘装置6两侧的支架9上，母梁2与每节伸缩梁20外端口上方分别由销钉45插装顶杆44，左右各设有平顶杆51，其中母梁2外口下端还固装万向平衡轮92（万向平衡论92不承受任何重力只起平衡作用），喷水装置3由多节软水管37对接组成，其上等距离设置多个喷水管39与喷头40，喷水装置3吊挂在每节母梁2与伸出后的伸缩梁20下端，并由上水管38连通卷盘63中心所装置的水轴64的两端出水口 ，卷盘63由水轴64固装在支架9上，支架9固装在主梁10上端，卷盘63前后两端分别固装喷药***5、电控盘15和卷管辅助器70；驱动轮8为两组，其轮距可调（可旋转90度）分别设置在主梁10两端下方，其前方设置导向器7（导向器7为一套可根据太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机作业方向互换）；动力***1的太阳能板11由调向杆12设置在母梁2上方（由调向杆12保持太阳能板永远朝向太阳）用导线连接电控盘15，与设置在主梁10下方的蓄电池13并同时与其一侧的发电机16（发电机16作用是当蓄电池13电量不足时充电，并可同时带动电机变速箱14工作）和电机变速箱14连通（电动变速箱14可调速控制喷灌机行驶速度）；电动变速箱14的动力输出分别由传动杆18连接设置在两组驱动轮8上的减速机17，并带动驱动轮8行驶；两组母梁2和伸缩梁20水平、等长地由支架9设置在两驱动轮8上方，呈“T”型结构；当a节伸缩梁20(设多节伸缩梁20由里向外为a节、b节、c节…)由设置在母梁2外口下的减速电机21驱动a节伸缩梁20下端固装的齿条28（每节伸缩梁外口下端都固装齿条28）向外通过设置在母梁2外口下方的托轮23缓缓伸出(每节伸缩梁20下都固装托轮23)此时连接在梁座29顶端的拉索47和拉簧48通过母梁2外口上方顶杆44(拉索47另一端与a节伸缩梁20外口固接）向上提升a节伸缩梁20（拉簧48的作用是防止每节伸缩梁20拉出部分时下垂）保障a节和套装其内b节c节伸缩梁的水平和牢固，当a节伸缩梁20全部伸出后，设置在母梁2外口下方的安全销22自动锁死伸出后的a节伸缩梁20，同时设置在安全销22上的电控装置切断母梁2上的减速电机21电源，并同时将电能通过导线导向a伸缩梁20上的减速电机21后，再驱动套装在a节里的b节伸缩梁20通过固装在a节下方的托轮23伸出，再由设置在母梁2上的顶杆44固装的拉索47和拉簧48（自a以外每节伸缩梁20的拉索47和拉簧48全固装在母梁2的顶杆44上，另一端分别固接在各节外口上）通过a节伸缩梁上的顶杆44向上提拉b节伸缩梁20保持水平，b节全部伸出后，安全销22锁死，并将电能导向b节的减速电机21（每节伸缩梁20伸出时均如上所述），如此程序将多节伸缩梁20全部伸出。当需要将太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机移至其他地块时，为了适应运输需将伸缩梁20全部收回至母梁2内,首先打开电控盘15，(所有电器设备由电控盘15控制)启动设置在卷盘63上方的电动卷索机a24卷绕回索26（回索26另一端同时连接两部分伸缩梁20的c节）当回索26被拉紧时,首先安全销22在回索26作用下将c节解锁，解锁后的c节伸缩梁20被拉回与其相连接的b节内，再由缩回的c节伸缩梁20触动b节安全销22解锁，随即b节伸缩梁20被拉入a节伸缩梁20内，如此将全部伸出的伸缩梁20全部拉入母梁2（以上所述伸缩梁20伸出时由内向外诸节伸出，回收时由最外节向内收回，且卷盘装置6两侧的两部分伸缩梁20同步伸、缩）。
如图5A图5B所示：本发明的伸缩梁20可启动电动卷索机a24（如图2A所示此时先将缩回索26的卷轮通过分离装置与电动卷索机a24断开）卷绕伸拉索25，伸拉索25另一端通过母梁2外口固装索轮27（母梁2、每节伸缩梁20前端口上端都固装索轮27）后再反至其内的a节伸缩梁20后端的动轮31（每节伸缩梁20后端口上都固装动轮31）后再反至b节伸缩梁20外端口上的索轮27，如此，通过每节伸缩梁20上的索轮27、动轮31直至与c节的伸缩梁20后端连接，其每节伸缩梁20伸出程序是；在伸拉索25作用下，首先母梁2的安全销22被解锁a节伸缩梁20在动轮31作用下被伸拉索25拉出，（此时的b节c节等均由安全销22锁在a节内）a节全部拉出由安全销22自动锁死后，b节安全销22解锁、拉出，依此顺序直至将每节伸缩梁20全部拉出，伸缩梁20缩回时如图2A所述启用缩回索26（以上所述两组伸缩梁20同时运作）。
伸缩梁20可设置由多节硬质材料拼接而成，在拼接点做好密封，做到不漏液后，等距离设置多个喷水管39与喷头40。
喷药***5是先将配好的药液装入药箱55内，(入图4所示)由胶管与设置在发电机16一侧的压力泵56连通，压力泵56由三角带连接电动变速箱14，将其加压后药液通过高压管注入设置在水轴64两侧上水管38内的注药器57内（注药器设有调节阀）便达到边喷水边喷药的效果；
如图7A、图7B、图7C所示：为了达到水管65卷绕自动化和规范化，卷盘装置6的工作程序是（如图4所示）水管65 通过设置在导向架79上的“八”字型导向滚80在通过设在内轴86上的扶正器77顶端“U”型槽a89和设在扶正器77后侧的高低臂78上的“U”型槽b90后与固装在卷盘63中心水轴64连接，其水管65卷绕方法是：固装在卷盘63上的齿圈68，在卷动器66带动下水管65向B方向（设水管65向左卷为A方向，向右为B方向）卷绕时，水管65会向B方向拉动固装在内轴86上的扶正器77此时设在内轴86 A方向的轴座83推压套装在A方向内轴86上弹簧82，设置在管套84 A方向下端卡针87卡住滑体81使扶正器77在内轴86作用下（内轴86与扶正器为一体）产生向A方向的拉力，从而达到水管65一圈紧靠一圈的卷绕效果，当水管向B方向卷绕一定宽度时（因A方向弹簧82长度有限）此时固装在轴座83上的控卡栓85触动第一卡针87（A、B两侧分别设2个以上卡针87），使滑体81滑向第二卡针87（如此状态直到B端），另一卷管辅助功能是当水管65已在卷盘63内卷绕过半时，固装在管套84前端导向器79上呈“八”字型导向滚80上的水管65自然滑向B方向导向滚80，已备水管65向A方向卷绕时所需。在上述所示过程中处在B方向上的滑体81和弹簧82在随内轴86上的轴丁91作用下（在扶正器77左右内轴86上各固装一轴丁91）向B方向自由滑动，不起任何作用，当水管65已在卷盘63内满一层，再卷绕第二层时，如上所示水管65向A 方向卷绕，处在B方向的弹簧82滑体81如上所示呈工作状态,而A方向则随内轴86自由滑动，如此反复直至将所设的水管65全部卷完。
其中：水管65在卷盘63内绕满一层后开始卷绕第二层时，因水管65有一定厚度所以第一层与第二层卷绕直径加大，在卷动器66原转速驱动会使水管65与卷盘63卷绕不同步，需降低卷动器66转速，此时设在扶正器77一侧的高低臂78在已卷绕第二层水管65作用下使设在高低臂78上的调臂74向下移动（高低臂78在支簧88作用下通过“U”型槽b90始终与水管65咬合）迫使设置在卷轴76上的动带轮73滑动 ,带轮72与动带轮73中间夹角产生变化所以驱动轮8(如图4所示,驱动轮8通过三角带与带轮72和动带轮73连接)转速不变的情况下在水管65卷绕每一层就会使动带轮73和带轮72之间轮径发生大小变化,而产生转速变化，齿轮75随之变速,从而带动卷盘63以达到水管65无论卷绕多少层都是同步。
如图1所示：本发明在田间地头移动其他地块时，首先选择所去方向将牵引梁93安装在喷灌机所去的主梁10一侧（主梁10两侧都可以安装牵引梁93）用四轮拖拉机牵引至作业区后，放下设置在卷盘63两侧的机腿94,卸去牵引梁93将两驱动轮8顶离地面后将驱动轮8旋转90度呈工作状态，如在地头近距离移动只需启动动力***1无须配置其它动力。
如图2B、图3所示：安装喷水装置3时，解开安全锁50后，打开电控盘15中的电动卷索机b 46控制闸，卷绕通过设置在梁座29顶端多组滑轮组49中的拉索47，此时两部分母梁2、伸缩梁20外端向下倾斜降低高度以利于安装喷水装置3，其另一安装方法可设计为两部分母梁2与伸缩梁20整体下落式。
本发明的具体工作过程；
情况一：如果喷灌机不方便从水源处开始喷灌,即水源在地头,而喷灌机从地尾(如图4所示)开始喷灌,其方案如下:将喷灌机运送在地尾取来导向器7安放在面向地头方向的驱动轮8前端，将导向器7对准驱动轮8所行驶的垄沟中,将卷盘63中的水管65拉出。与预先在地头和地尾之间铺设好多节A水带、B水带对接在一起A、B水带的一端接通地头的水源 （每个接点均为快速接头）另一端接在水管65上，（其中铺设的A、B水带优先设定为多根60米长的单节连接而成），开启选择好的喷灌机档速与水源，此时水通过铺设在地上的多节A、B水带从地头送至地尾的喷灌机，通过水轴64后分左右由上水管进入母梁2与伸缩梁20下端吊挂的喷水装置3内，再通过所有喷水管39后由各喷头40均匀喷出进行喷灌作业，喷灌机边喷灌边往地头行驶，同时驱动轮8通过卷动器66带动卷盘63转动，不断地将铺设的水管65卷入卷盘63内当水管65全部卷入卷盘63后，即此时卷盘63以卷满，停机拴67自动关闭喷灌机的动力***1，喷灌机停止前行关闭水源，将卷盘63中的水管65和其相邻的水带A拆开，将水带A从水带B拆下并取走，然后将卷盘63中的水管65再次拉出铺设在地上，并接上预先铺设在地上的水带B上，此时喷灌机是通过水管65和水带B接通水源。开启水源和喷灌机继续前行进行喷灌作业。如此反复，直到喷灌至地头。如果地块较宽喷灌机一次未完成先卸掉导向器7再将喷灌机两驱动轮8支起,将两驱动轮8旋转90度锁死，此时驱动轮8与喷灌机母梁2平行，启动动力***1使喷灌机在地头横向行驶至未喷灌的下一段,将驱动轮8转回原来位置,将导向器7装置在面向地尾方向驱动轮8前,把卷动器66与齿圈分离,(反方向作业为放管，无需卷动器66驱动),把卷盘63卷绕的水管65与水源接通,启动水源和动力***1(喷灌机前行,后行都为多档,只需挂倒档器)喷灌机边喷灌边向地尾行驶,直至卷盘63中的60米水管65全部放完后，自动停机拴67关掉动力***1使喷灌机停止前行关掉水源,将水管65与水源断开后，卷回卷盘63内,再取来水带A或B中的一节，一端与水源接通，另一端接通卷盘63中的水管65，启动动力***1使喷灌机继续向地尾方向行驶如此反复，直到喷灌至地尾，如果耕地宽度还设有完成则如上述，反反复复直至将所有地块全部喷完，如果最后一段不足喷灌机宽度，则根据所剩宽度将伸缩梁20缩至所剩地地块宽度后并取下缩回部分下端喷水装置3，即可作业。
情况二：当农作物再不同时期需要喷洒各种农药时，作业时无需过大水量首先将喷头40换上小号喷嘴，增加喷水压力产生雾状效果，再将配制好的农药加入药箱55内根据喷药量，调节好注药器57,（注药器57可将药液均匀掺入水中）启动水源和动力***1如上述喷灌作业情况所述，实施喷药作业,如果地垄距离比较长而药箱55内药液已用完,需停机加注药液,如此反复直至所有地块全部完成作业。
情况三：当喷灌机在坡地作业时，其作业方向为顺坡行驶（即上坡和下坡），只需将面向下坡方向驱动轮8调至最大轮距，其喷灌与喷药作业均如上述作业方式一致。
情况四，作业时如果是在阳光充足时无论喷灌机向哪个方向行驶作业，为了保障太阳能板11时刻对蓄电池13充电，需适时调整调向杆12永远保持太阳能板面像阳光，当阳光光线不足或夜间作业时，蓄电池13电量消耗一定值时，发电机电控装置会自动启动发电机16带动电动变速箱14边工作边给蓄电池13补充电能，等到蓄电池13电量充足后将发电机16熄火，蓄电池13继续工作。
情况五，当作业完成后须将喷灌机移走时，首先放下机腿94，将驱动轮8旋转90度，启动电动卷索机b 46，降下两部分伸缩梁20取下喷水装置3，在启动电动卷索机a 24将两部分伸缩梁20收回至母梁2内，在启动电动卷索机b 46收起母梁2至水平位置后，锁好安全锁50，调整两组驱动轮轮距至道路行驶规定宽度后将牵引梁93安置在所去的方向，用四轮拖拉机牵走（因距离远其自行速度慢），下次作业时到达地头后如上述反复操作。
最后应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。
工业实用性
本发明以两驱动轮8为中心之重点与卷盘装置6两侧的母梁2伸缩梁20成水平支撑，形成“T” 型结构，承重均衡，使两组万向平衡轮不成受任何重力，只起到平衡作用，其伸缩梁20与顶杆装置的设计可以根据需要调整长度，经实验可以由多节伸展到一百米以上，能够反复往返满足大面积的喷灌作业和农药喷洒，其导向器的设计保证了喷灌机不碾压作物，可随地垄的弯度作业不走偏。作业时仅需一到两人即可完成，节省劳动力，尤其是本发明能够移动，并可在15度左右的缓坡地和平地作业，完成作业后可以移开，不需占用耕地，且一台喷灌机在一个干旱时期内（20天）可作业4000亩地以上，对水源要求不高，平均1000亩地备一口井（水源）即可，经统计本发明作业时省水，节能成本低，平均每亩地喷灌只需1到3度电。
本发明主体'T'型结构不限于具体形状，如可以将伸缩梁不局限具体形状悬空架设在一定高度，只要主管到以硬质材料制作即可，通过伸缩梁上部的顶杆装置保证其稳定度；而伸缩梁的伸缩方式可按照需要灵活设置，如可以将各节伸缩梁端部设置为子母式插接件，多节首尾插接即可实现，也可设计为多节拼接方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，它包括动力***（1）、母梁（2）、喷水装置（3）、顶杆装置（4）、喷药***（5）、卷盘装置（6）、导向器（7）、驱动轮（8）、伸缩梁（20）、万向平衡轮（92）、和主梁（10），所述母梁（2）一端固装在梁座（29）上，其内套装由多节矩形方管组成的伸缩梁（20），为两部分， 在母梁（2）、伸缩梁（20）各外口下端装置减速电机（21）、安全销（22）和托轮（23），所述梁座（29）分别由销轴（30）插接在卷盘装置（6）两侧的支架（9）上， 所述减速电机（21）驱动固装在每节伸缩梁（20）下端的齿条（28），完成每节伸缩梁（20）在托轮（23）上伸出，所述安全销（22）控制每节伸缩梁（20）的伸出缩回和减速电机（21）的电控装置开和关， 所述伸缩梁（20）缩回由设置在其内的缩回索（26）完成，所述卷盘装置（6）装置在主梁（10）上端中部，所述顶杆装置（4）分别设置在母梁（2）和伸缩梁（20)上部，所述喷水装置（3）吊挂在母梁（2）和伸出后的伸缩梁（20）下端，所述主梁（10）上端卷盘装置（6）的前端固装喷药***（5），所述万向平衡轮（92）为两组，等距离装置在两组母梁（2）下端，所述动力***(1)设置在主梁（10）下端，用于驱动设置在主梁(10)两端的两组驱动轮(8)，所述导向器（7）设置在驱动轮（8）前端。
  2. 根据权要求1所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述伸缩梁（20）为多节套装在母梁（2）内，由设置在卷盘（63）上端电动卷索机a（24）卷绕通过每节伸缩梁（20）外口上方的索轮（27）和每节内口上方的动轮（31）后，固接在最外节伸缩梁（20）内的伸拉索（27），由每节下方设置的安全销（26）控制，由内向外全部拉出伸缩梁（20）。
  3. 根据权要求1所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述伸缩梁（20）设置为拼接式结构，将拼接点做好密封防止漏液，在伸缩梁（20）上等距离设置多个喷水管（39）和喷头（40）。
  4. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述动力***（1）包括，太阳能板（11）、调向杆（12）、蓄电池（13）、电动变速箱（14）、电控盘（15）、发电机（16），所述太阳能板（11）由调向杆（12）固装在母梁（2）上端，其由导线连接电控盘（15）和蓄电池（13），所述蓄电池（13）由导线连接发电机（16）和电动变速箱（14），所述电动变速箱（14）与两组驱动轮（8）上的减速机（17）连接，所述减速机（17）带动驱动轮（8）。
  5. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所属顶杆装置（4）包括顶杆（44）、销钉(45)、电动卷索机b（46）、 拉索（47）、拉簧（48）、滑轮组（49）、安全销（50）、平顶杆（51）、平拉索（52），所述顶杆（44）由销钉(45)分别插装在母梁（2）和每节伸缩梁（20）外口上方，并可随拉索（47）前后摆动，所述拉索（47）一端固接梁座（29）的上端并套有拉簧(48)，另一端连接母梁（2）上的顶杆（44）顶部内侧，所述多节伸缩梁（20）上的拉索（47）均套装拉簧（48）后固装在母梁（2）上的顶杆（44）顶部外侧，除相邻母梁（2）的伸缩梁（20）外，其他的另一端均通过前节伸缩梁（20）的顶杆（44）后固接在各伸缩梁外口上端，所述电动卷索机b（46）装置在卷盘（63）上端，其内拉索（47）通过固装在两组梁座（29）顶端的多组滑轮组（49）后固接在一侧梁座（29）上，所述安全锁（50）设置在两梁座（29）顶端，所述平拉索（52）为两组，一端固接母梁（2）外口左右端，另一端通过设置在每节伸缩梁（20）左右的平顶杆（51）后固装在最外节伸缩梁（20）外口。
  6. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述喷药***（5）包括，药箱（55）、压力泵（56）和注药器（57），所述药箱（55）由胶管连通压力泵（56），所述压力泵（56）由高压水管连通装置在两上水管（38）内的注药器（57）。
  7. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：导向器（7）为一组，根据喷灌机作业方向安放在所去方向的驱动轮（8）前端。
  8. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述卷盘装置（6）包括，卷盘（63）、水轴（64）、水管（65）、卷管辅助器（70）、卷动器（66）和停机拴（67），所述卷盘（63）由水轴（64）固装在支架（9）上，所述水管（65）插接在水轴（64）中部，所述卷管辅助器（70）装置在卷盘（63）前主梁（10）上端，其通过设置在其上的调臂（74）控制卷动器（66）的转速，所述卷动器（66）设置在卷盘(63)下方一侧，其两组齿轮（75）驱动卷盘（63）上的两组齿圈（68）。
  9. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述驱动轮（8）两轮距可调长短，以适应坡地作业和道路行驶。
  10. 根据权要求1、2、3任一所述太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机，其特征在于：所述驱动轮（8）和卷盘装置（6）与两部分母梁（2）整体呈“T”型结构。
PCT/CN2014/072670 2013-03-01 2014-02-28 太阳能多功能平移式喷灌机 WO2014131365A1 (zh)

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