WO2014114139A1

WO2014114139A1 - Steam rankine-low boiling point working fluid rankine joint cycle power generation apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2014114139A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/088275
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王海波
Original assignee: 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司
Priority date: 2013-01-27
Filing date: 2013-12-02
Publication date: 2014-07-31
Also published as: CN103089355A; CN103089355B

Abstract

A steam Rankine-low boiling point working fluid Rankine joint cycle power generation apparatus comprising systems of a steam Rankine cycle and of a low boiling point working fluid Rankine cycle. In the steam Rankine cycle, the pressure of an exhaust steam (5) discharged by a turbine (4) is greater than the atmospheric pressure. In the low boiling point working fluid Rankine cycle, a liquid-state working fluid (11) is passed through a circulation pump (12), a condensation evaporator (10) or an evaporator (14), and a cooling evaporator (13) to produce a low boiling point working fluid steam that is passed through a superheater (9) to form a low boiling point working medium superheated steam (16) that is then introduced into the turbine (17) to drive a power generator (20) to generate electricity, while a depleted steam discharged by the turbine (17) is cooled by a condenser (18) to form a liquid-state working fluid (11) that is then introduced into the circulation pump (12), thus forming a low boiling point working fluid Rankine cycle loop. The boiling point of the low boiling point working fluid at standard atmospheric pressure is less than -10°C. The steam Rankine-low boiling point working fluid Rankine joint cycle power generation apparatus solves the safety challenge of residual heat of a recycled flue gas in a low boiling point working fluid Rankine cycle, effectively reduces exhaust gas temperature and prevents flue gas low-temperature corrosion, and allows for effective recycling of waste gas, wastewater, and waste steam residual heat of the steam Rankine cycle system.

Description

蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置技术领域 Steam Rankine-low boiling point working capacity Rankine combined cycle power generation device

本发明涉及一种蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，具体属火力发电厂动力装置技术领域。 The invention relates to a steam Rankine-low boiling point working body Rankine combined cycle power generation device, which belongs to the technical field of power plant of a thermal power plant.

背景技术 Background technique

以水蒸汽为工质的火力发电厂，是大规模地进行着把热能转变成机械能，并又把机械能转变为电能的工厂。发电厂应用的循环很复杂，然而究其实质，主要是由锅炉、汽轮机、凝汽器、水泵等设备所组成的朗肯循环来完成，其工作原理是：给水先经给水泵加压后送入锅炉，在锅炉中水被加热汽化、形成高温高压的过热蒸汽，过热蒸汽在汽轮机中膨胀做功，变为低温低压的乏汽，最后排入凝汽器凝结为冷凝水，重新经水泵将冷凝水送入锅炉进行新的循环。至于火力发电厂使用的复杂循环，只不过是在朗肯循环基础上，为了提高热效率，加以改进而形成的新的循环即回热循环，回热的介质为水。朗肯循环已成为现代蒸汽动力装置的基本循环。 A thermal power plant that uses steam as a working medium is a large-scale plant that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The cycle of power plant application is very complicated, but the essence is mainly done by the Rankine cycle consisting of boilers, steam turbines, condensers, pumps and other equipment. The working principle is: the water supply is pressurized by the feed water pump. Into the boiler, the water in the boiler is heated and vaporized to form high temperature and high pressure superheated steam. The superheated steam expands in the steam turbine to work, becomes a low temperature and low pressure exhaust steam, and finally discharges into the condenser to condense into condensed water, and then recirculates through the water pump. Water is sent to the boiler for a new cycle. As for the complex cycle used in thermal power plants, it is only on the basis of the Rankine cycle. In order to improve the thermal efficiency, a new cycle, that is, a regenerative cycle, is formed, and the regenerative medium is water. The Rankine cycle has become the basic cycle of modern steam power plants.

现代大中型蒸汽动力装置毫无例外地全都采用抽汽加热给水回热循环，采用抽汽回热加热给水后，使给水温度提高，从而提高了加热平均温度，除了显著地提高了循环热效率以外，汽耗率虽有所增加，但由于逐级抽汽使排汽率减少，这有利于实际做功量和理论做功量之比即该循环的相对内效率 n。i的提高，同时解决了大功率汽轮机末级叶片流通能力限制的困难，凝汽器体积也可相应减少。但蒸汽在凝汽器中凝结时仍释放出大量的汽化潜热，需要大量的水或空气进行冷却，即浪费了热量、造成热污染，又浪费了电能、水资源。因此如何有效利用凝汽器中蒸汽凝结时释放的大量的汽化潜热，值得深入研究。 Modern large and medium-sized steam power plants use steam extraction heating water reheating cycle without exception. After heating and feeding water by extracting steam, the feed water temperature is increased, thereby increasing the heating average temperature, in addition to significantly improving the cycle heat efficiency. Although the steam consumption rate has increased, the exhaust gas rate is reduced due to the stepwise extraction, which is beneficial to the ratio of the actual work volume to the theoretical work capacity, that is, the relative internal efficiency n of the cycle. The improvement of i, while solving the difficulty of limiting the flow capacity of the last stage blades of high-power steam turbines, the volume of the condenser can also be reduced accordingly. However, when the steam condenses in the condenser, it still releases a large amount of latent heat of vaporization, which requires a large amount of water or air for cooling, which wastes heat, causes heat pollution, and wastes electricity and water resources. Therefore, how to effectively utilize the large amount of latent heat of vaporization released when steam is condensed in the condenser is worthy of further study.

电站锅炉生产过程中排放出大量的烟气，其中可回收利用的热量很多。电站锅炉运行过程中还需通过连续排污和定期排污保障锅炉的水质符合安全需求，同时必须将锅炉给水中的氧气除去，以避免对锅炉***的腐蚀。目前热力除氧器是电站锅炉的首选技术，除氧器在工作的同时，夹带大量的工作蒸汽排入大气。由于锅炉连排水和除氧器排汽中含有大量的热量及优良的水质，如果直接排放将造成极大的能源和资源浪费，而且对环境造成污染。虽然这两部分余热资源浪费巨大，但回收利用有较大的难度，其主要原因是：（1 ) 余热的品质较低，未找到有效的利用方法；（2) 回收者三部分的余热，往往对锅炉原有热力***做出较大改动，具有一定的风险性；（3) 热平衡问题难以组织，难以在工厂内部全部直接利用，往往需要向外寻找合适的热用户，而热用户的用热负荷往往会有波动，从而限制了回收方法的通用性。 A large amount of flue gas is emitted during the production process of the power station boiler, and there is a lot of heat that can be recycled. During the operation of the power station boiler, it is necessary to ensure the water quality of the boiler meets the safety requirements through continuous sewage discharge and regular sewage discharge. At the same time, the oxygen in the boiler feed water must be removed to avoid corrosion of the boiler system. At present, the thermal deaerator is the preferred technology for power station boilers. While the deaerator is working, a large amount of working steam is entrained into the atmosphere. Because the boiler has a large amount of heat and excellent water quality in the drainage and deaerator exhaust, if it is directly discharged, it will cause great energy and resource waste, and cause environmental pollution. Although the waste heat resources of these two parts are huge, recycling is difficult. The main reasons are: (1) The quality of waste heat is low, and no effective utilization method is found; (2) The waste heat of the three parts of the recycler is often Great changes have been made to the original thermal system of the boiler, which has certain risks; (3) The problem of heat balance is difficult to organize and difficult All direct use within the factory often requires the search for suitable hot users, and the thermal load of the hot users tends to fluctuate, thus limiting the versatility of the recycling method.

顾伟等（低温热能发电的研究现状和发展趋势 [J] .热能动力工程. 2007. 03. Vol. 22， No. 2. )介绍了国内外低温热能发电技术的研究现状和发展趋势。从近几年低温热能发电技术研究的发展情况来看，研究工作主要集中在对动力循环工质的研究和循环过程的改进和最优控制等方面。 Kal ina循环、氨吸收式动力制冷复合循环等在理论上可以达到比简单循环更高的能量利用率。基于有限时间热力学的低温热能发电在考虑时变因素对系统的影响时具有重要意义，可能实现***的能量利用的最大化。提高发电效率和环保是低温热电技术的核心内容。文中提及的 Kal ina循环、氨吸收式动力制冷复合循环等理论值得关注。 Gu Wei et al. (Research status and development trend of low temperature thermal power generation [J]. Thermal Power Engineering. 2007. 03. Vol. 22, No. 2. ) The research status and development trend of low temperature thermal power generation technology at home and abroad are introduced. From the development of research on low-temperature thermal power generation technology in recent years, the research work mainly focuses on the research of power cycle working fluids and the improvement and optimal control of the cycle process. Kal ina cycle, ammonia absorption power refrigeration composite cycle, etc. can theoretically achieve higher energy utilization than simple cycle. Low-temperature thermal power generation based on finite-time thermodynamics is of great significance in considering the influence of time-varying factors on the system, and may maximize the energy utilization of the system. Improving power generation efficiency and environmental protection are the core of low temperature thermoelectric technology. The Kal ina cycle, ammonia absorption power refrigeration cycle and other theories mentioned in the paper are worthy of attention.

上述提及卡琳娜循环发电技术还有其固有的缺点：如氨具有易燃、易爆有毒等特点，在锅炉或工业炉窑尾部烟道利用烟气余热组织卡琳娜循环发电时，必须要考虑烟气中粉尘等对布置于烟道中的换热器的磨损、腐蚀等引起的泄漏，必须要考虑由此引出的*** 防护以及环境与工作地点的防护等；以氨水混合物为工作介质的卡琳娜循环，氨水中的氨是易燃、易爆、有毒的介质。这是卡琳娜循环发电技术在电站***中回收含尘、有腐蚀物质的烟气余热时必须要解决的难题。 The above mentioned Karina cycle power generation technology also has its inherent shortcomings: if ammonia is flammable, explosive and toxic, it must be used in the boiler or industrial furnace kiln tail flue to use the flue gas waste heat to organize the Karina cycle power generation. To consider the leakage caused by the abrasion, corrosion, etc. of the heat exchanger disposed in the flue, such as dust in the flue gas, the explosion protection and the protection of the environment and the work site must be taken into consideration; the ammonia water mixture is used as the working medium. Kalina cycle, ammonia in ammonia is a flammable, explosive, toxic medium. This is a problem that must be solved when Karina cycle power generation technology recovers the waste heat of dusty and corrosive substances in the power station system.

因此如何利用蒸汽朗肯循环火力发电厂的热力学基本规律，借鉴复式朗肯循环组织思路及朗肯 -Kal ina 等复合循环等理论的创新方法，保留基于朗肯循环原理的动力装置技术的优点，探讨新的复合循环理论，真正找到大幅度提高热力循环动力装置热效率的新途径，成为该领域研究的难点。 Therefore, how to use the basic laws of thermodynamics of the steam Rankine cycle thermal power plant, learn from the innovative ideas of the complex Rankine cycle organization theory and the compound cycle such as Rankine-Kal ina, and retain the advantages of the power plant technology based on the Rankine cycle principle. Exploring the new compound cycle theory and finding a new way to greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the thermodynamic power plant has become a difficult point in this field.

发明内容 Summary of the invention

本发明的目的为解决上述蒸汽朗肯循环以及卡琳娜循环等技术存在的缺点，提出一种蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，能够替代传统的蒸汽朗肯循环机组，同时解决了低沸点工质朗肯循环机组安全运行的关键问题及凝汽器中蒸汽凝结时释放的大量的汽化潜热回收的难题，采用凝汽器正压运行方式，回收蒸汽朗肯循环中蒸汽凝结时的汽化潜热用于低温端低沸点工质朗肯循环发电，从而实现有效提高整个联合循环机组的热效率，最终达到节能降耗、提高***热效率的目的。 The object of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned steam Rankine cycle and the Kalina cycle, and propose a steam Rankine-low boiling point working capacity Rankine combined cycle power generation device, which can replace the traditional steam Rankine cycle unit. At the same time, it solves the key problem of the safe operation of the low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine cycle unit and the large amount of latent heat recovery of vaporization released during steam condensation in the condenser. The positive pressure operation mode of the condenser is used to recover the steam in the steam Rankine cycle. The latent heat of vaporization during condensation is used for the low-temperature end low-boiling working medium Rankine cycle power generation, so as to effectively improve the thermal efficiency of the entire combined cycle unit, and finally achieve the purpose of energy saving and system heat efficiency.

本发明的目的是通过以下措施实现的： The object of the invention is achieved by the following measures:

一种蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，该装置包括蒸汽朗肯循环、低沸点工质朗肯循环，其特征在于：所述的蒸汽朗肯循环，是指由锅炉本体 1出来的饱和蒸汽 2，经过热器 3形成过热蒸汽 3-1，送入汽轮机 4带动蒸汽发电机 21发电；汽轮机 4出来的乏汽 5经过热器 9、冷凝蒸发器 10形成凝结水 6，凝结水 6经给水泵 7、给水加热器 8、锅炉本体 1，再产生饱和蒸汽，从而形成蒸汽朗肯循环回路。 A steam Rankine-low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine combined cycle power generation device, the device comprising a steam Rankine cycle, a low boiling point working cycle Rankine cycle, characterized in that: The steam Rankine cycle refers to the saturated steam 2 from the boiler body 1, and the superheated steam 3-1 is formed by the heat exchanger 3, and sent to the steam turbine 4 to drive the steam generator 21 to generate electricity; the steam exhausted by the steam turbine 4 passes through The heat exchanger 9, the condensing evaporator 10 forms condensed water 6, and the condensed water 6 passes through the feed water pump 7, the feed water heater 8, and the boiler body 1, and then produces saturated steam, thereby forming a steam Rankine cycle.

所述的低沸点工质朗肯循环，是指液态工质 11经循环泵 12分别或依次送入冷凝蒸发器 10、冷却蒸发器 12、蒸发器 14，产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经过热器 9形成低沸点工质过热蒸汽 16，再进入汽轮机 17，拖动发电机 20发电，从汽轮机 17排出的乏汽经冷凝器 18冷却形成液态工质 11，再进入循环泵 12，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路。 The low boiling point working cycle Rankine cycle refers to the low working temperature steam passing through the heat exchanger by the liquid working medium 11 through the circulation pump 12 or sequentially into the condensing evaporator 10, the cooling evaporator 12, and the evaporator 14. 9 forming low-boiling working medium superheated steam 16, and then entering the steam turbine 17, driving the generator 20 to generate electricity, and the spent steam discharged from the steam turbine 17 is cooled by the condenser 18 to form a liquid working medium 11, and then enters the circulation pump 12, thereby forming a low boiling point. Work quality Rankine loop.

所述的液态工质包括低沸点工质，为单一组分或多组分的以高沸点工质为吸收剂的混合液体，包括但不限于有机工质、氨水混合物，低沸点工质在标准大气压下的沸点小于 -10°C，且具有良好的热稳定性。 The liquid working medium comprises a low boiling point working medium, and is a single component or a multicomponent mixed liquid with a high boiling point working fluid as an absorbent, including but not limited to an organic working fluid, an ammonia water mixture, and a low boiling point working medium in a standard. The boiling point at atmospheric pressure is less than -10 ° C and has good thermal stability.

所述的液态工质采用多组分溶液时，液态工质 11经循环泵 12、或和回热器 15依次或分别送入冷凝蒸发器 10、冷却蒸发器 12、蒸发器 14，形成的贫液经回热器 15、返流管线 19返回冷凝器 18，产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经过热器 9、汽轮机 17、蒸发器 14、冷凝器 18形成液态工质 11，再回到循环泵 12，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路。 When the liquid working medium adopts a multi-component solution, the liquid working medium 11 is sequentially or separately sent to the condensing evaporator 10, the cooling evaporator 12, and the evaporator 14 via the circulation pump 12 or the regenerator 15 to form a lean The liquid returns to the condenser 18 via the regenerator 15 and the return line 19, and the generated low boiling point working vapor passes through the heat exchanger 9, the steam turbine 17, the evaporator 14, and the condenser 18 to form the liquid working medium 11, and then returns to the circulation pump 12 , thereby forming a low boiling point refrigerant Rankine loop.

所述的汽轮机 4排出的乏汽 5的压力高于大气压力。 The pressure of the exhaust steam 5 discharged from the steam turbine 4 is higher than atmospheric pressure.

所述的蒸汽朗肯循环回路与低沸点工质朗肯循环回路通过过热器 9、冷凝蒸发器 10、或和冷却蒸发器 13、或和蒸发器 14，将高温端蒸汽朗肯循环和低温端低沸点工质朗肯循环有机复合在一起，高效回收高温端蒸汽朗肯循环的蒸汽冷凝时释放的汽化潜热用于低温端低沸点工质朗肯循环发电。 The steam Rankine cycle and the low boiling point refrigerant cycle pass through the superheater 9, the condensing evaporator 10, or the cooling evaporator 13, or the evaporator 14, and the high temperature end steam Rankine cycle and the low temperature end The low-boiling working medium Rankine cycle is organically compounded together, and the latent heat of vaporization released by the steam condensation of the high-temperature end steam Rankine cycle is efficiently recovered for the low-temperature end low-boiling working medium Rankine cycle power generation.

所述的冷却蒸发器 13的换热介质液态工质 11与烟气采用分离式换热方式，冷却蒸发器 13包括蒸发器 13-1、冷凝器 13-2，其中蒸发器 13-1布置于烟道 23中，冷凝器 13_2 布置于烟道 23外，其中的相变工质采用水或其他适宜的物质；相变工质在蒸发器 13-1 中吸收烟气的热量产生饱和蒸汽，饱和蒸汽作为液态工质 11的热源，通过冷凝器 13-2 与液态工质 11间壁式换热，冷却后形成凝结液再由蒸发器 13-1吸收烟气的热量再产生蒸汽，从而形成相变工质的内循环回路；相变工质采用自然循环或强制循环方式。 The heat exchange medium of the cooling evaporator 13 and the flue gas adopt a separate heat exchange mode, and the cooling evaporator 13 includes an evaporator 13-1 and a condenser 13-2, wherein the evaporator 13-1 is arranged In the flue 23, the condenser 13_2 is disposed outside the flue 23, wherein the phase change working medium adopts water or other suitable substance; the phase change working medium absorbs the heat of the flue gas in the evaporator 13-1 to generate saturated steam, which is saturated. As the heat source of the liquid working medium 11, the steam is exchanged with the liquid working medium 11 through the condenser 13-2, and after cooling, a condensed liquid is formed, and the heat of the flue gas is absorbed by the evaporator 13-1 to generate steam, thereby forming a phase change. Internal circulation loop of working fluid; phase change working fluid adopts natural circulation or forced circulation.

设有乏汽回热器 22: 蒸发器 14产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经乏汽回热器 22、过热器 9、汽轮机 17、乏汽回热器 22、蒸发器 14、冷凝器 18、循环泵 12回到蒸发器 14，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路。 A spent steam regenerator 22 is provided: the low boiling point working fluid vapor generated by the evaporator 14 passes through the spent steam regenerator 22, the superheater 9, the steam turbine 17, the spent steam regenerator 22, the evaporator 14, the condenser 18, and the circulation The pump 12 is returned to the evaporator 14 to form a low boiling point refrigerant cycle.

设有与蒸汽朗肯循环***配套的补给水***：蒸熘水箱 25中的蒸熘水 24，经补水泵 26、常温除氧器 27除氧、混合床 28除盐后补入蒸汽朗肯循环***。 There is a make-up water system for the steam Rankine cycle system: steamed water 24 in the steam tank 25, hydrated The pump 26, the normal temperature deaerator 27 deoxidizes, and the mixed bed 28 is demineralized and then replenished into the steam Rankine cycle system.

所述的给水加热器 8、过热器 9、冷凝蒸发器 10、冷却蒸发器 13、蒸发器 14、乏汽回热器 22可分别设置一个或多个，采用串联、并联或混联方式连接。 The feed water heater 8, the superheater 9, the condensing evaporator 10, the cooling evaporator 13, the evaporator 14, and the steam recovery regenerator 22 may be respectively provided one or more, connected in series, parallel or mixed manner.

送风机 31送来的空气 30进入空气预热器 32，形成热空气 33，进入燃烧设备 34参与燃烧，生成的高温烟气经锅炉本体 1、过热器 2、给水加热器 8、空气预热器 32、蒸发器 13-1降低温度后排出。 The air 30 sent from the blower 31 enters the air preheater 32 to form hot air 33, and enters the combustion device 34 to participate in combustion. The generated high temperature flue gas passes through the boiler body 1, the superheater 2, the feed water heater 8, and the air preheater 32. The evaporator 13-1 is discharged after lowering the temperature.

所述的冷凝器 18按照常规技术进行设置，采用水或空气等作为冷却介质。 The condenser 18 is disposed in accordance with a conventional technique, using water or air or the like as a cooling medium.

本发明中所提及的前述设备的换热元件可采用列管、翅片管、蛇形管或螺旋槽管，或采用其他强化传热措施的管子或其他型式的中空腔体换热元件。 The heat exchange elements of the aforementioned apparatus mentioned in the present invention may employ a tube, a finned tube, a serpentine tube or a spiral grooved tube, or other tubes or other types of hollow cavity heat exchange elements that enhance heat transfer.

控制蒸发器 13-1换热面的壁面温度稍高于烟气酸露点温度，或采用耐腐蚀的材料有效减轻烟气的低温腐蚀，能够有效降低排烟温度、避免烟气低温腐蚀的同时，高效回收烟气余热。 The wall surface temperature of the heat exchange surface of the evaporator 13-1 is controlled to be slightly higher than the temperature of the flue gas acid dew point, or the corrosion-resistant material is used to effectively reduce the low temperature corrosion of the flue gas, which can effectively reduce the exhaust gas temperature and avoid the low temperature corrosion of the flue gas. Efficient recovery of flue gas waste heat.

本发明中未说明的设备及其备用***、管道、仪表、阀门、保温、具有调节功能旁路设施等采用公知的成熟技术进行配套。 Equipment not described in the present invention and its backup system, piping, instrumentation, valves, heat preservation, bypassing facilities with regulating functions, etc. are supported by well-known mature technologies.

设有与本发明***配套的调控装置，采用现有蒸汽朗肯循环发电厂、程氏循环发电厂或燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电厂的公知的成熟调控技术进行配套，使蒸汽朗肯-卡琳娜联合循环发电装置能经济、安全、高热效率运行，达到节能降耗的目的。 The control device matched with the system of the present invention is provided by using the well-known mature control technology of the existing steam Rankine cycle power plant, the Cheng's cycle power plant or the gas-steam combined cycle power plant to make the steam Rankine-Karin The combined cycle power generation unit can operate economically, safely and with high thermal efficiency to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction.

本发明相比现有技术具有如下优点： The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

1、节能效果显著：本发明设计的蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，有别于传统的基于朗肯循环原理的蒸汽朗肯循环和利用烟道气作为热源的低沸点工质如氨蒸汽朗肯循环的联合循环***，采用凝汽器正压运行方式，将汽轮机排汽作为低沸点工质朗肯循环的热源，利用低沸点工质朗肯循环***对中低温热源的利用有更高效率的特点，将凝汽器和低沸点工质朗肯循环中的蒸发器巧妙复合在一起，蒸汽的汽化潜热得到有效利用，除了蒸汽显热利用等较之蒸汽朗肯循环有更高的效率外，仅利用蒸汽的汽化潜热发电这块就多达 50度 /吨蒸汽以上，整个***的绝对热效率因此提高 2%以上；因背压采用正压方式运行，汽轮机出口乏汽能保证一定的过热度，新建机组的蒸汽初压可采用超临界或超超临界压力，进一步提高发电循环热效率。 1. Significant energy saving effect: The steam Rankine-low boiling point working capacity of the invention is a Rankine combined cycle power generation device, which is different from the traditional Rankine cycle based on the Rankine cycle principle and the low boiling point using flue gas as a heat source. The combined cycle system of working fluid, such as ammonia steam Rankine cycle, uses the condenser positive pressure operation mode, uses the steam exhaust of the turbine as the heat source of the low boiling point working cycle, and uses the low boiling point refrigerant Ranken cycle system to the medium and low temperature heat source. The use of higher efficiency features, the condenser and the evaporator in the low-boiling working cycle Rankine cycle are skillfully combined, and the latent heat of vaporization of steam is effectively utilized, in addition to steam sensible heat utilization, etc. compared to the steam Rankine cycle. In addition to higher efficiency, the steam-extended latent heat generation using steam alone can reach more than 50 degrees/ton of steam, and the absolute thermal efficiency of the whole system is increased by more than 2%. Because the back pressure is operated by positive pressure, the steam turbine exits the steam. Can guarantee a certain degree of superheat, the initial steam pressure of the new unit can be supercritical or super-supercritical pressure, further improve the thermal efficiency of the power generation cycle

2、设备投资省、运行费用大幅度下降： 2. Equipment investment and operating costs have dropped significantly:

( 1 )消除了传统凝汽器负压运行技术不可避免的漏气、漏水现象，无需在朗肯循环回路中设置除氧器、抽气器，避免了传统除氧器、抽气器等运行造成的汽水损失；避免了传统技术回收凝结水的污染及汽水损失，仅需补充极少量的汽轮机轴封漏汽造成的水损失，可通过外购或自制蒸熘水补入***； (1) Eliminating the inevitable leakage and water leakage of the traditional condenser negative pressure operation technology, eliminating the need to install deaerators and aspirator in the Rankine cycle, avoiding the operation of traditional deaerators, aspirators, etc. Result of soda loss; avoid The traditional technology recovers the pollution of condensed water and the loss of soda water. It only needs to supplement the water loss caused by the leakage of a small amount of steam turbine shaft seal. It can be replenished into the system through purchased or homemade steamed water.

( 2) 因正压、封闭运行，避免了传统朗肯循环锅炉***的氧腐蚀、结水垢现象，系统汽水损失大幅度下降，无需配备庞大、复杂的化学水处理***，水处理***的运行费用大幅度下降，绝对值可降低 90%。 (2) Due to the positive pressure and closed operation, the oxygen corrosion and scaling of the traditional Rankine cycle boiler system are avoided, the system soda loss is greatly reduced, and there is no need to equip the large and complicated chemical water treatment system, the operating cost of the water treatment system. A sharp drop, the absolute value can be reduced by 90%.

( 3) 因汽轮机的乏汽比容比传统凝汽器的小得多，汽轮机的体积可以大幅度减小，凝汽器体积比传统技术的小得多，因而汽轮机、冷凝器设备的相对价格降低很多； (3) Because the steam turbine has a much smaller specific volume than the conventional condenser, the volume of the steam turbine can be greatly reduced, and the volume of the condenser is much smaller than that of the conventional technology, so the relative price of the turbine and condenser equipment. Lower a lot;

3、电厂的三废实现集成利用：尾部烟道设置的热交换器采用相变换热器时，可以高效回收烟气的余热，排烟温度可降低至 120°C左右，相变换热器蒸发器采用耐腐蚀材料时，排烟温度能降低更多，达到 85°C左右，对脱硫脱硝***的运行极为有利，有效避免烟气低温腐蚀的同时，回收的热量用于低沸点工质朗肯循环***高效发电，更符合能量梯级利用原理。蒸汽朗肯循环***产生的废水、废汽等余热均可纳入低沸点工质朗肯循环***回收利用。从根本上消除了其他废气、废水、废汽余热回收装置对整个机组热力循环***的影响，实现整个电厂***余热的真正意义的集成利用，节水、节汽、节电等效果明显。 3. Integrated utilization of the three wastes of the power plant: When the heat exchanger provided in the tail flue adopts the phase change heat exchanger, the waste heat of the flue gas can be recovered efficiently, and the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced to about 120 °C, and the phase change heat evaporator evaporates. When using corrosion-resistant materials, the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced more, reaching about 85 °C, which is very beneficial to the operation of the desulfurization and denitration system, effectively avoiding the low-temperature corrosion of the flue gas, and the recovered heat is used for the low-boiling working medium. The circulatory system generates electricity efficiently, which is more in line with the principle of energy cascade utilization. The waste water, waste steam and other waste heat generated by the steam Rankine cycle system can be recycled into the low boiling point refrigerant Rankine cycle system. It fundamentally eliminates the influence of other waste gas, waste water and waste steam heat recovery devices on the thermal cycle system of the whole unit, realizes the true integration of the waste heat of the entire power plant system, and has obvious effects of water saving, steam saving and power saving.

4、运行安全性明显提高： 4. Operational safety is significantly improved:

( 1 )因蒸汽朗肯循环中汽轮机的背压采用正压方式运行，汽轮机出口乏汽能保证一定的过热度，克服了传统朗肯循环机组汽轮机末级叶片因湿蒸汽而带来的设计、运行及安全问题，蒸汽轮机背压正压运行，出口蒸汽为过热蒸汽，从根本上消除了传统蒸汽朗肯循环中汽轮机末级叶片因湿蒸汽带来的问题设计、制造及运行问题，蒸汽轮机的运行工况得到优化，蒸汽轮机发电机组的振动较之前明显改善； (1) Because the back pressure of the steam turbine in the steam Rankine cycle is operated in positive pressure mode, the steam turbine outlet steam can ensure a certain degree of superheat, which overcomes the design of the last stage of the conventional Rankine cycle turbine steam turbine due to wet steam. Operation and safety issues, steam turbine back pressure positive pressure operation, outlet steam is superheated steam, which fundamentally eliminates the design, manufacturing and operation problems of steam turbine last stage blades due to wet steam in the traditional steam Rankine cycle, steam turbine The operating conditions are optimized, and the vibration of the steam turbine generator set is significantly improved compared to the previous one;

( 2)蒸汽锅炉***的氧腐蚀安全性能明显改善，避免了传统蒸汽朗肯循环发电机组因凝汽器负压运行，空气不可避免漏入而对******造成的氧腐蚀危害； (2) The oxygen corrosion safety performance of the steam boiler system is obviously improved, which avoids the oxygen corrosion hazard caused to the system system by the conventional steam Rankine cycle generator set due to the negative pressure operation of the condenser and the inevitable leakage of air;

( 3)蒸汽朗肯循环***的水垢危害得以消除，有效减轻了受热面过热爆管等事故的发生，过热器的运行工况明显改善，安全性明显提高。 (3) The scale damage of the steam Rankine cycle system can be eliminated, effectively reducing the occurrence of accidents such as overheating and bursting of the heating surface, the operating condition of the superheater is obviously improved, and the safety is obviously improved.

(4)相比于传统的卡琳娜循环技术，采用优选方案时，无需在烟道中设置间壁式的热交换器，代之采用安全性更好的分体式的相变换热器冷凝器分离式回收烟气的热量，因烟气中的粉尘、腐蚀介质等引起的磨损、腐蚀导致低沸点工质跟烟气接触而引起的众多安全问题得到根本解决；低沸点工质在相变换热器冷凝器中进行间壁式换热，因为水蒸气的无毒、非助燃物质、非可燃、阻燃等优良的特点，即使发生泄漏，事故也容易得到处理、控制，低沸点工质朗肯循环中的蒸发器或和过热器的运行工况明显改善；(4) Compared with the traditional Kalina cycle technology, when the preferred scheme is adopted, it is not necessary to provide a partition type heat exchanger in the flue, and instead, a safer split phase changer condenser is used for separation. The heat of the flue gas is recovered, and the many safety problems caused by the contact between the low boiling point working fluid and the flue gas due to the abrasion and corrosion caused by dust and corrosive medium in the flue gas are fundamentally solved. The low boiling point working fluid is in the phase change heat. Inter-wall heat transfer in the condenser, because of the excellent characteristics of water vapor, such as non-toxic, non-combustible, non-flammable, and flame retardant, even if a leak occurs, the accident is easy. To the treatment, control, the operating conditions of the evaporator or superheater in the low boiling point refrigerant cycle are significantly improved;

( 5 )由于蒸汽朗肯循环排汽采用正压，因此可以通过管道引到采用可靠防护措施的安全处所，低沸点工质朗肯循环*** （包括相变换热器冷凝器）可以独立设置在安全可靠的防护空间内并配备可靠的安全设施，避免跟蒸汽朗肯循环***直接交错在一起而引发的诸多问题，低沸点工质朗肯循环***的安全性得到可靠保证，为其工业化应用进一步消除安全隐患。 (5) Because the steam Rankine cycle exhaust gas uses positive pressure, it can be led to the safe place with reliable protection measures. The low boiling point working cycle Rankine cycle system (including phase change heat condenser) can be set independently. The safe and reliable protective space is equipped with reliable safety facilities to avoid the problems caused by the direct interlacing with the steam Rankine cycle system. The safety of the low boiling point refrigerant Rankine cycle system is reliably guaranteed, and its industrial application is further improved. Eliminate security risks.

附图说明 DRAWINGS

图 1是本发明的一种蒸汽朗肯 -低沸点工质朗肯朗肯联合循环发电装置流程示意图。图 1中： 1-锅炉本体， 2-饱和蒸汽， 3-过热器， 3-1-过热蒸汽， 4-汽轮机， 5-乏汽， 6-凝结水， 7-给水泵， 8-给水加热器， 9-过热器， 10-冷凝蒸发器， 11-液态工质， 12- 循环泵， 13-冷却蒸发器， 13-1-蒸发器， 13-2-冷凝器， 14-蒸发器， 15-回热器， 16-低沸点工质过热蒸汽， 17-汽轮机， 18-冷凝器， 19-返流液体， 20-发电机， 21-蒸汽发电机， 22-乏汽回热器， 23-烟道， 24-蒸熘水， 25-蒸熘水箱， 26-补水泵， 27-除氧器， 28-混合床， 29-返流水管线， 30-空气， 31-送风机， 32-空气预热器， 33-燃烧设备。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a steam Rankine-low boiling point working material Ranken Rankine combined cycle power generating apparatus according to the present invention. Figure 1: 1-Boiler body, 2-saturated steam, 3-superheater, 3-1-superheated steam, 4-turbine, 5-steam, 6-condensate, 7-feedwater pump, 8-feedwater heater , 9-superheater, 10-condensing evaporator, 11-liquid working fluid, 12-circulating pump, 13-cooling evaporator, 13-1-evaporator, 13-2-condenser, 14-evaporator, 15- Regenerator, 16-low boiling point working fluid superheated steam, 17-turbine, 18-condenser, 19-backflow liquid, 20-generator, 21-steam generator, 22-steam regenerator, 23-smoke Road, 24-distilled water, 25-distilled water tank, 26-filled water pump, 27-deaerator, 28-mixed bed, 29-return water line, 30-air, 31-air blower, 32-air preheater , 33-combustion equipment.

具体实施方式 detailed description

以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。 The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例 1: Example 1:

如图 1所示，一种蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，该装置包括蒸汽朗肯循环、低沸点工质朗肯循环***，具体实施例如下： As shown in Fig. 1, a steam Rankine-low boiling point working capacity Rankine combined cycle power generation device includes a steam Langken cycle and a low boiling point working cycle Rankine cycle system, and the specific implementation is as follows:

氨蒸汽朗肯循环采用氨水混合物。 The ammonia steam Rankine cycle uses an ammonia water mixture.

所述的蒸汽朗肯循环，是指由锅炉本体 1出来的饱和蒸汽 2，经过热器 3形成过热蒸汽 3-1，送入汽轮机 4带动蒸汽发电机 21发电；汽轮机 4出来的乏汽 5经过热器 9、冷凝蒸发器 10形成凝结水 6，凝结水 6经给水泵 7、给水加热器 8、锅炉本体 1，再产生饱和蒸汽，从而形成蒸汽朗肯循环回路。 The steam Rankine cycle refers to the saturated steam 2 from the boiler body 1, and the superheated steam 3-1 is formed by the heat exchanger 3, and sent to the steam turbine 4 to drive the steam generator 21 to generate electricity; the steam exhausted by the steam turbine 4 passes through The heat exchanger 9, the condensing evaporator 10 forms condensed water 6, and the condensed water 6 passes through the feed water pump 7, the feed water heater 8, and the boiler body 1, and then produces saturated steam, thereby forming a steam Rankine cycle.

所述的氨蒸汽朗肯循环回路中，冷凝蒸发器 10、冷却蒸发器 12、氨蒸发器 14采用并联运行方式，氨液 11经氨液循环泵 12、回热器 15、冷凝蒸发器 10，氨液循环泵 12、氨蒸发器 14、乏汽回热器 22，以及氨液循环泵 12、、冷凝蒸发器 10，产生的氨蒸汽经过热器 9、氨汽轮机 17、乏汽回热器 22、氨蒸发器 14、氨冷凝器 18形成氨液 11，再进入氨液循环泵 12，从而形成氨蒸汽朗肯循环回路。 In the ammonia steam Rankine cycle, the condensing evaporator 10, the cooling evaporator 12, and the ammonia evaporator 14 are operated in parallel, and the ammonia solution 11 is passed through the ammonia circulating pump 12, the regenerator 15, and the condensing evaporator 10, The ammonia circulating pump 12, the ammonia evaporator 14, the spent steam regenerator 22, and the ammonia circulating pump 12, and the condensing evaporator 10, generate ammonia steam passing through the heat exchanger 9, the ammonia steam turbine 17, and the spent steam regenerator 22 The ammonia evaporator 14 and the ammonia condenser 18 form the ammonia solution 11, and then enter the ammonia liquid circulation pump 12 to form an ammonia vapor Rankine cycle.

所述的汽轮机 4排出的乏汽 5的压力高于大气压力。所述的冷却蒸发器 13的换热介质氨液与烟气采用分离式换热方式，冷却蒸发器 13 包括蒸发器 13-1、冷凝器 13-2，其中蒸发器 13-1布置于烟道 23中，冷凝器 13_2布置于烟道 23外，其中的相变工质采用水；相变工质在蒸发器 13-1中吸收烟气的热量产生饱和蒸汽，饱和蒸汽在冷凝器 13-2中作为氨液的热源，通过冷凝器 13-2与氨液 11间壁式换热，冷却后形成凝结液再由蒸发器 13-1，吸收烟气的热量再产生蒸汽，从而形成相变工质的内循环回路；相变工质采用自然循环。 The pressure of the exhaust steam 5 discharged from the steam turbine 4 is higher than atmospheric pressure. The heat exchange medium ammonia and the flue gas of the cooling evaporator 13 are separated heat exchange mode, and the cooling evaporator 13 includes an evaporator 13-1 and a condenser 13-2, wherein the evaporator 13-1 is arranged in the flue In 23, the condenser 13_2 is disposed outside the flue 23, wherein the phase change working medium adopts water; the phase change working medium absorbs the heat of the flue gas in the evaporator 13-1 to generate saturated steam, and the saturated steam is in the condenser 13-2 As the heat source of the ammonia liquid, the wall 13 heat exchange between the condenser 13-2 and the ammonia liquid 11 forms a condensate after cooling, and then the evaporator 13-1 absorbs the heat of the flue gas to generate steam, thereby forming a phase change working medium. Internal circulation loop; phase change working fluid adopts natural circulation.

设有与蒸汽朗肯循环***配套的补给水***：蒸熘水箱 25中的蒸熘水 24，经补水泵 26、常温除氧器 27除氧、混合床 28除盐后补入蒸汽朗肯循环***。 There is a make-up water system matched with the steam Rankine cycle system: the steamed water 24 in the steam water tank 25 is deaerated by the make-up water pump 26, the normal temperature deaerator 27, and the mixed bed 28 is desalted to be added to the steam Rankine cycle. system.

所述的给水加热器 8、过热器 9、冷凝蒸发器 10、冷却蒸发器 13、氨蒸发器 14、乏汽回热器 22可分别设置一个或多个，采用串联、并联或混联方式连接。 The feed water heater 8, the superheater 9, the condensing evaporator 10, the cooling evaporator 13, the ammonia evaporator 14, and the steam recovery regenerator 22 may be respectively provided one or more, connected in series, parallel or mixed manner. .

所述的氨冷凝器 18按照常规技术进行设置，采用水或空气等作为冷却介质。 The ammonia condenser 18 is disposed in accordance with a conventional technique, using water or air or the like as a cooling medium.

虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但它们并不是用来限定本发明，任何熟悉此技艺者，在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内，自当可作各种变化或润饰，同样属于本发明之保护范围。因此本发明的保护范围应当以本申请的权利要求所界定的为准。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the invention, and any one skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

1. 一种蒸汽朗肯-低沸点工质朗肯联合循环发电装置，该装置包括蒸汽朗肯循环和低沸点工质朗肯循环***，其特征在于： A steam Rankine-low boiling point working capacity Rankine combined cycle power generation device comprising a steam Rankine cycle and a low boiling point working Ranken cycle system, characterized in that:

所述的蒸汽朗肯循环中汽轮机（4) 排出的乏汽（5 ) 的压力高于大气压力； The steam (5) discharged from the steam turbine (4) in the steam Rankine cycle has a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure;

所述的蒸汽朗肯循环，是指由锅炉本体 (1)出来的饱和蒸汽 (2)，经过热器 (3)形成过热蒸汽 (3-1), 送入汽轮机 (4)带动蒸汽发电机 (21)发电；汽轮机 (4)出来的乏汽 (5)经过热器 (9)或和冷凝蒸发器 (10)，由低沸点工质朗肯循环的低沸点工质冷却形成凝结水 (6)，凝结水 (6)经给水泵 (7)、锅炉本体 (1)，再产生饱和蒸汽，从而形成蒸汽朗肯循环回路； The steam Rankine cycle refers to saturated steam (2) from the boiler body (1), superheated steam (3-1) is formed through the heat exchanger (3), and sent to the steam turbine (4) to drive the steam generator ( 21) Power generation; the steam (5) from the steam turbine (4) passes through the heat exchanger (9) or the condensing evaporator (10), and is cooled by a low-boiling working medium of a low-boiling working refrigerant Rankine cycle to form condensed water (6) The condensed water (6) is passed through the feed water pump (7) and the boiler body (1) to generate saturated steam, thereby forming a steam Rankine cycle;

所述的低沸点工质朗肯循环回路设有过热器 (9): 液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、冷凝蒸发器 (10), 产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经过热器 (9)形成低沸点工质过热蒸汽 (16)，再进入汽轮机 (17)，拖动发电机 (20)发电，从汽轮机 (17)排出的乏汽经冷凝器 (18)冷却形成液态工质 (11)，再进入循环泵 (12)，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路；或液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、蒸发器 (14)，产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经过热器 (9)形成低沸点工质过热蒸汽 (16)，再进入汽轮机 (17)，拖动发电机 (20)发电，从汽轮机 (17)排出的乏汽经冷凝器 (18)冷却形成液态工质 (11)，再进入循环泵 (12)，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路；或液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、冷却蒸发器 (13)，产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经过热器 (9)形成低沸点工质过热蒸汽 (16)，再进入汽轮机 (17)，拖动发电机 (20)发电，从汽轮机 (17)排出的乏汽经冷凝器 (18) 冷却形成液态工质 (11)，再进入循环泵 (12)，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路；所述的低沸点工质在标准大气压下的沸点小于 -10°C。 The low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine cycle is provided with a superheater (9): the liquid working medium (11) is passed through a circulation pump (12), a condensing evaporator (10), and a low boiling point working steam is passed through the heat device ( 9) forming low-boiling working medium superheated steam (16), then entering the steam turbine (17), dragging the generator (20) to generate electricity, and the spent steam discharged from the steam turbine (17) is cooled by the condenser (18) to form a liquid working medium ( 11), then enter the circulation pump (12) to form a low boiling point refrigerant Rankine cycle; or the liquid working medium (11) through the circulation pump (12), the evaporator (14), the low boiling point working steam is passed The heater (9) forms a low boiling point working superheated steam (16), enters the steam turbine (17), drives the generator (20) to generate electricity, and the spent steam discharged from the steam turbine (17) is cooled by the condenser (18) to form a liquid. The working fluid (11), and then enters the circulation pump (12), thereby forming a low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine cycle circuit; or the liquid working medium (11) through the circulation pump (12), cooling the evaporator (13), resulting in a low boiling point The working fluid vapor passes through the heat exchanger (9) to form a low boiling point working medium superheated steam (16), and then enters the steam turbine (17), and the generator (20) is used to generate electricity. The spent steam discharged from the turbine (17) is cooled by the condenser (18) to form a liquid working medium (11), and then enters the circulation pump (12), thereby forming a low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine cycle; the low boiling point working medium is The boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure is less than -10 °C.

2. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，其特征在于： 2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:

设有给水加热器 (8): With feed water heater (8):

由锅炉本体 (1)出来的饱和蒸汽 (2)，经过热器 (3)形成过热蒸汽 (3-1)，送入汽轮机 (4)带动蒸汽发电机 (21)发电；汽轮机 (4)出来的乏汽 (5)经过热器 (9)或和冷凝蒸发器 (10)，由低沸点工质朗肯循环的低沸点工质冷却形成凝结水 (6)，凝结水 (6)经给水泵 (7)、给水加热器 (8)、锅炉本体 (1)，再产生饱和蒸汽，从而形成蒸汽朗肯循环回路。 The saturated steam (2) from the boiler body (1) passes through the heat exchanger (3) to form superheated steam (3-1), which is sent to the steam turbine (4) to drive the steam generator (21) to generate electricity; the steam turbine (4) comes out The spent steam (5) passes through the heat exchanger (9) or the condensing evaporator (10), and is cooled by the low boiling point working fluid of the low boiling point working Rankine cycle to form condensed water (6), and the condensed water (6) is fed to the feed water pump ( 7), the feed water heater (8), the boiler body (1), and then generate saturated steam to form a steam Rankine cycle.

3. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，其特征在于： 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:

设有回热器 (15): With regenerator (15):

冷凝蒸发器 (10)、蒸发器 (14)、冷却蒸发器 (13)的部分或全部蒸发器产生的贫液经回热器 (15)、返流管线 (19)，回到冷凝器 (18); 液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、回热器 (15)、或和冷凝蒸发器 (10)、或和蒸发器 (14)、或和冷却蒸发器 (13)的部分或全部产生低沸点工质蒸汽。 The lean evaporator (10), the evaporator (14), the lean liquid produced by part or all of the evaporator of the cooling evaporator (13) passes through the regenerator (15), the return line (19), and returns to the condenser (18). Liquid refrigerant (11) via a circulation pump (12), a regenerator (15), or a condensing evaporator (10), or with an evaporator (14), or with a portion of a cooling evaporator (13) or All produce low boiling point working fluid vapor.

4. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，其特征在于：设有乏汽回热器 (22): 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: With a steam regenerator (22):

液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、蒸发器 (14)产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经乏汽回热器 (22)、过热器 (9)、汽轮机 (17)、乏汽回热器 (22)、蒸发器 (14)、冷凝器 (18)形成液态工质 (11)，再进入循环泵 (12)，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路；或液态工质 (11)经循环泵 (12)、冷凝蒸发器 (10)产生的低沸点工质蒸汽经乏汽回热器 (22)、过热器 (9)、汽轮机 (17)、乏汽回热器 (22)、冷凝蒸发器 (10)、冷凝器 (18)形成液态工质 (11)，再进入循环泵 (12)，从而形成低沸点工质朗肯循环回路。 The low-boiling working fluid produced by the liquid working fluid (11) through the circulation pump (12) and the evaporator (14) passes through the spent steam regenerator (22), the superheater (9), the steam turbine (17), and the steam recovery. The (22), the evaporator (14), and the condenser (18) form a liquid working medium (11), and then enter the circulation pump (12) to form a low boiling point working refrigerant Rankine cycle circuit; or a liquid working medium (11) The low boiling point working fluid vapor generated by the circulation pump (12) and the condensing evaporator (10) passes through the spent steam regenerator (22), the superheater (9), the steam turbine (17), the spent steam regenerator (22), The condensing evaporator (10) and the condenser (18) form a liquid working medium (11), and then enter the circulation pump (12) to form a low boiling point working cycle Rankine cycle.

5. 根据权利要求 1至 4之一所述的装置，其特征在于： 5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

所述的冷却蒸发器（13 ) 中的烟气跟液态工质 (11)采用分离式换热方式：冷却蒸发器 (13) 包括蒸发器 (13-1)、冷凝器 (13-2)，其中蒸发器 (13-1)布置于烟道 (23)中，冷凝器 (13-2)布置于烟道（23 )夕卜；相变工质在蒸发器 (13-1)中吸收烟气的热量产生饱和蒸汽，饱和蒸汽在冷凝器 (13-2)中作为液态工质 (11)的热源，通过冷凝器 (13-2)与液态工质 (11)间壁式换热，冷却后形成凝结液再由蒸发器 (13-1)，吸收烟气的热量再产生蒸汽，从而形成相变工质的内循环回路。 The flue gas in the cooling evaporator (13) and the liquid working fluid (11) adopt a separate heat exchange mode: the cooling evaporator (13) includes an evaporator (13-1) and a condenser (13-2). Wherein the evaporator (13-1) is arranged in the flue (23), the condenser (13-2) is arranged in the flue (23); the phase change medium absorbs the flue gas in the evaporator (13-1) The heat generates saturated steam, and the saturated steam acts as a heat source of the liquid working medium (11) in the condenser (13-2), and exchanges heat between the condenser (13-2) and the liquid working medium (11), and is cooled to form The condensate is then regenerated by the evaporator (13-1), which absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form an internal circulation loop of the phase change medium.

6. 根据权利要求 1至 4之一所述的装置，其特征在于： 6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

设有补给水***：蒸熘水箱（25 ) 中的蒸熘水（24)，经补水泵（26)、常温除氧器（27) 补入蒸汽朗肯循环***。 There is a make-up water system: The steamed water (24) in the steaming water tank (25) is replenished into the steam Rankine cycle system by the make-up water pump (26) and the normal temperature deaerator (27).

7. 根据权利要求 6所述的装置，其特征在于： 7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein:

设有混合床（23 ): 蒸熘水箱（25 )中的蒸熘水（24)，经补水泵（26)、常温除氧器（27)、混合床（28 ) 补入蒸汽朗肯循环***。 There is a mixed bed (23): steamed water (24) in the steaming water tank (25), supplemented by the make-up water pump (26), normal temperature deaerator (27), mixed bed (28) .

8. 根据权利要求 7所述的装置，其特征在于： 8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein:

设有空气预热器（32): 送风机（31 )送来的空气（30)经空气预热器（32)形成热空气 ( 33 ), 进入燃烧设备（34) 参与燃烧，生成的高温烟气经锅炉本体（1 )、过热器（2)、或和给水加热器（8)、空气预热器（32)、或和蒸发器（13-1 ) 降低温度后排出。 An air preheater (32) is provided: the air (30) sent from the blower (31) forms hot air (33) through the air preheater (32), enters the combustion device (34) to participate in combustion, and generates high temperature flue gas. The temperature is lowered by the boiler body (1), the superheater (2), or the feed water heater (8), the air preheater (32), or the evaporator (13-1), and then discharged.

9. 根据权利要求 8所述的装置，其特征在于： 9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:

所述的过热器（3 )、给水加热器（8)、过热器（9)、冷凝蒸发器（10)、冷却蒸发器（13 )、蒸发器（14)、空气预热器（32)、回热器（15 )、乏汽回热器（22)可分别设置一个或多个，采用串联、并联或混联方式连接。 The superheater (3), the feed water heater (8), the superheater (9), the condensing evaporator (10), the cooling evaporator (13), the evaporator (14), the air preheater (32), The regenerator (15) and the exhaust steam regenerator (22) may be respectively provided one or more, and connected in series, parallel or mixed manner.