WO2014112187A1 - コンテンツサーバ、コンテンツ配信方法、コンテンツ配信システム、クライアント装置、およびコンテンツ取得方法 - Google Patents
コンテンツサーバ、コンテンツ配信方法、コンテンツ配信システム、クライアント装置、およびコンテンツ取得方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
- H04L65/762—Media network packet handling at the source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/23439—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements for generating different versions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
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- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/637—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
- H04N21/6373—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for rate control, e.g. request to the server to modify its transmission rate
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a content server, a content distribution method, a content distribution system, a client device, and a content acquisition method.
- HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
- MP4 ISO / IEC-14296-12, 14
- MP4 can be used not only as a storage format but also as a transmission format such as download or streaming.
- ABS Adaptive BitStreaming
- the ABS technology stores a plurality of encoded data in which the same content is expressed at different bit rates in a content server, and a client selects one of the plurality of encoded data according to a network band. It is a technology to reproduce.
- MPEG-DASH Dynamic Adaptive Streaming HTTP
- HLS Http Live Streaming
- bit rate selection algorithm varies depending on the client. For example, if there is a client that tries to select encoded data with a high bit rate with priority on image quality, communication with other clients will be tight, or other clients will not be able to increase the bit rate, and playback will continue with low image quality There are problems such as being forced. In addition, a client that plays with priority on high image quality may not be able to download encoded data of a desired bit rate, causing congestion.
- the present disclosure proposes a new and improved content server, content distribution method, content distribution system, client device, and content acquisition method for realizing stable reproduction of content in the client device.
- a storage unit that stores a plurality of pieces of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates, and access information regarding a part of the plurality of pieces of encoded data.
- a content server comprising: a communication unit that transmits a data file to a client device, and transmits encoded data requested from the client device based on the data file to the client device.
- storing a plurality of pieces of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates, and access information regarding a part of the plurality of pieces of encoded data is obtained.
- a content distribution method including transmitting a data file including the client device to the client device and transmitting encoded data requested based on the data file from the client device to the client device.
- the client device a storage unit that stores a plurality of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates, and a part of the encoded data among the plurality of encoded data
- a content server having a communication unit that transmits a data file including access information regarding the client device to the client device, and transmits encoded data requested based on the data file from the client device to the client device.
- a content distribution system is provided.
- a data file including access information regarding the plurality of encoded data is received via a network from a content server that stores a plurality of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates.
- a communication unit that selects, from the data file, a selection unit that selects access information regarding any one of the plurality of encoded data according to the congestion degree of the network, and the communication unit includes:
- a client device is provided that receives the encoded data from the content server based on the access information selected by the selection unit.
- a data file including access information regarding the plurality of encoded data is received via a network from a content server that stores a plurality of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates. Selecting access information regarding any one of the plurality of encoded data from the data file according to a congestion degree of the network, and based on the selected access information Receiving the encoded data from a content server, a content acquisition method is provided.
- a plurality of constituent elements having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished by adding different alphabets after the same reference numeral.
- a plurality of configurations having substantially the same functional configuration or logical significance are distinguished as content playback devices 20A, 20B, and 20C as necessary.
- only the same reference numerals are given.
- the content playback devices A, 20B, and 20C they are simply referred to as the content playback device 20.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a content reproduction system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the content reproduction system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a content server 10, a network 12, a content reproduction device 20 (client device), a radio base station 30, a base station monitor server 40, and the like. .
- the content server 10 and the content playback device 20 are connected via a network 12 including a radio base station 30.
- the network 12 is a wired or wireless transmission path for information transmitted from a device connected to the network 12.
- the network 12 may include a public line network such as the Internet, a telephone line network, a satellite communication network, various LANs including the Ethernet (Registered Trademark), a WAN (Wide Area Network), and the like. Further, the network 12 may include a dedicated line network such as an IP-VPN (Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network).
- a public line network such as the Internet
- a telephone line network such as the Internet
- a satellite communication network such as the Internet
- WAN Wide Area Network
- the network 12 may include a dedicated line network such as an IP-VPN (Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network).
- IP-VPN Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network
- the base station monitor server 40 monitors the communication status of each base station 30 and measures the congestion level of each base station 30 in real time.
- the content server 10 encodes the content data, generates a data file including the encoded data and the meta information of the encoded data, and stores the data file.
- the encoded data corresponds to “mdat” and the meta information corresponds to “moov”.
- the content data may be music data such as music, lectures and radio programs, video data such as movies, television programs, video programs, photographs, documents, pictures and charts, games and software.
- the content server 10 generates a plurality of data files at different bit rates for the same content.
- the matter will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a data flow in the content reproduction system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the content server 10 encodes the same content data at different bit rates, and generates, for example, a file A of 2 Mbps, a file B of 1.5 Mbps, and a file C of 1 Mbps as shown in FIG. In comparison, file A has a high bit rate, file B has a standard bit rate, and file C has a low bit rate.
- the encoded data of each file is divided into a plurality of segments.
- the encoded data of file A is divided into segments “A1”, “A2”, “A3”,... “An”
- the encoded data of file B is “B1”, “B2”, “B3”,... “Bn” is segmented
- the encoded data of file C is segmented as “C1”, “C2”, “C3”,. .
- Each segment is composed of one or more video encoded data and audio encoded data that can be reproduced independently, starting with an MP4 sync sample (for example, IDR-picture in the case of AVC / H.264 video encoding). It may be constituted by. For example, when video data of 30 frames per second is encoded with a GOP (Group of Pictures) with a fixed length of 15 frames, each segment is encoded video and audio data for 2 seconds corresponding to 4 GOP. Alternatively, it may be 10 seconds worth of video and audio encoded data corresponding to 20 GOP.
- an MP4 sync sample for example, IDR-picture in the case of AVC / H.264 video encoding.
- GOP Group of Pictures
- each segment is encoded video and audio data for 2 seconds corresponding to 4 GOP.
- the playback range (the range of the time position from the beginning of the content) by the segment with the same arrangement order in each file is the same.
- the playback ranges of the segment “A2”, the segment “B2”, and the segment “C2” are the same and each segment is encoded data for 2 seconds
- the segment “A2”, the segment “B2”, and The playback range of the segment “C2” is 2 to 4 seconds for the content.
- the content server 10 When the content server 10 generates the file A to the file C composed of such a plurality of segments, the content server 10 stores the file A to the file C. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the content server 10 sequentially transmits segments constituting different files to the content reproduction device 20, and the content reproduction device 20 performs streaming reproduction of the received segments.
- the content server 10 transmits a playlist file including the bit rate information and access information of each file to the content playback device 20, and the content playback device 20 has a plurality of bits based on the playlist file. Any one of the rates is selected, and the content server 10 is requested to transmit a segment corresponding to the selected bit rate.
- FIG. 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams showing specific examples of playlist files. More specifically, FIG. 3 shows a playlist file based on HLS (Http Live Streaming / IETF International draft), and FIG. 4 shows a playlist file based on MPEG DASH (ISO / IEC 23009-1).
- HLS Http Live Streaming / IETF International draft
- MPEG DASH MPEG DASH
- the playlist file includes access information regarding a plurality of pieces of encoded data having different bit rates (BANDWIDTH).
- BANDWIDTH bit rates
- the playlist file shown in FIG. 3 indicates that each encoded data of 1.28 Mbps, 2.56 Mbps, 7.68 Mbps, and 65 Kbps exists, and includes access information regarding each encoded data.
- the content playback device 20 can dynamically change the bit rate of the encoded data to be streamed based on the playlist.
- FIG. 1 shows a mobile terminal as an example of the content playback apparatus 20, the content playback apparatus 20 is not limited to such an example.
- the content playback device 20 is an information processing device such as a PC (Personal Computer), a home video processing device (DVD recorder, VCR, etc.), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a home game device, or a home appliance. Also good.
- the content playback device 20 may be an information processing device such as a mobile phone, a PHS (Personal Handyphone System), a portable music playback device, a portable video processing device, or a portable game device.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the content server 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the content server 10 according to the present embodiment includes a file generation unit 120, a storage unit 130, a communication unit 140, and a file reconstruction unit 150.
- the file generation unit 120 includes an encoder 122 that encodes content data, and generates a playlist file including a plurality of encoded data having different bit rates and access information regarding each encoded data as a data file. For example, when the encoded data of 1.28 Mbps, 2.56 Mbps, 7.68 Mbps, and 65 Kbps is generated, the file generation unit 120 generates a playlist file as illustrated in FIG.
- the storage unit 130 is a storage medium that stores the data file generated by the file generation unit 120 and the congestion degree table.
- the congestion degree table will be specifically described.
- the content server 10 distributes encoded data via the radio base station 30
- the number of content playback devices 20 that are simultaneously connected to the radio base station 30 increases and the degree of congestion increases.
- the bandwidth decreases and the connection delay time increases.
- the increase in the degree of congestion is conspicuous in a situation where people gather like a city area in the morning and evening commuting hours.
- the degree of congestion depending on the location and time can be predicted empirically or statistically.
- the congestion degree table stored in the storage unit 130 is a table for specifying such a congestion degree depending on time and place. Specifically, the position information, the time information, and an index indicating the congestion degree are associated with each other. Store.
- the index indicating the degree of congestion may be a parameter expressed by, for example, 0 (empty state) to 1 (upper limit congestion state).
- the storage unit 130 that stores such a congestion degree table may be a storage medium such as a non-volatile memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and an MO (Magneto Optical) disk.
- Non-volatile memories include, for example, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) and EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM).
- Examples of the magnetic disk include a hard disk and a disk type magnetic disk.
- Examples of the optical disc include a CD (Compact Disc, a DVD-R (Digital Versatile Disc Recordable), a BD (Blu-Ray Disc (registered trademark)), and the like.
- the communication unit 140 is an interface with the content reproduction apparatus 20 and communicates with the content reproduction apparatus 20 via the network 12. More specifically, the communication unit 140 has a function as an HTTP server that communicates with the content reproduction apparatus 20 according to HTTP. For example, the communication unit 140 extracts data requested from the content reproduction device 20 from the storage unit 130 according to HTTP, and transmits the data to the content reproduction device 20 as an HTTP response.
- the file reconstruction unit 150 (file processing unit) estimates the degree of congestion of the network 12 used by the content reproduction device 20, and a plurality of codes having different bit rates stored in the storage unit 130 according to the estimated degree of congestion. A part of the encoded data is selected, and a playlist file including access information related to the selected encoded data is reconstructed. The playlist file obtained by the file reconstruction unit 150 is transmitted to the content reproduction device 20 by the communication unit 140 via the network 12.
- the file reconstruction unit 150 transmits information indicating the radio base station 30 to which the content reproduction apparatus 20 is connected to the base station monitor server 40 as a request for inquiry about the congestion level of the radio base station 30. To do. Then, the file reconstruction unit 150 obtains a congestion degree response from the base station monitor server 40 to estimate the congestion degree of the radio base station 30 to which the content reproduction apparatus 20 is connected.
- the file reconstruction unit 150 may select the encoded data excluding more encoded data in order from the higher bit rate as the congestion degree is higher. For example, the file reconstruction unit 150 removes encoded data of 2.56 Mbps and 7.68 Mbps, which are the upper two bit rates, as shown in FIG. 6 from the original playlist file shown in FIG.
- the playlist file may be generated by selecting the encoded data of 65 Kbps and 1.28 Mbps which are the encoded data.
- the content reproduction device 20 selects encoded data with a low bit rate, it becomes possible to suppress the communication of other content reproduction devices and the occurrence of congestion. .
- the file reconstruction unit 150 generates a playlist file including access information regarding the remaining bit rate encoded data by thinning out more encoded data at a higher bit rate as the degree of congestion increases. Also good. For example, the file reconstruction unit 150 thins out the intermediate 1.28 Mbps and 2.56 Mbps encoded data from the original playlist file shown in FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 7, and the remaining 65 Kbps and 7 A playlist file including access information related to .68 Mbps encoded data may be generated.
- the content playback device 20 since the frequency with which the content playback device 20 changes the bit rate decreases, even if the content playback devices 20 connected to the radio base station 30 increase, the content playback device 20 may have a bandwidth relationship. Stable reproduction can be realized by preventing the generated congestion.
- the file restructuring unit 150 may update the above-described playlist file as the position of the content playback device 20 changes or as time elapses.
- FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of the content reproduction system according to the present embodiment.
- the content server 10 uses the information indicating the radio base station 30 to which the content playback device 20 is connected to the congestion request of the radio base station 30.
- the base station monitor server 40 (S304). Then, in response to the congestion level inquiry request, the base station monitor server 40 notifies the content server 10 of the congestion level of the radio base station 30 to which the content reproduction apparatus 20 is connected (S308).
- the file reconstruction unit 150 selects and selects a part of the encoded data among the plurality of encoded data having different bit rates stored in the storage unit 130 according to the notified congestion level.
- a playlist file composed of access information relating to the encoded data is reconstructed (S312).
- the communication unit 140 transmits the playlist file obtained by the file reconstruction unit 150 to the content reproduction device 20 (S312).
- the content playback apparatus 20 selects a bit rate from a plurality of bit rates corresponding to a plurality of encoded data indicated by the playlist file (S320), and requests the content server to stream the content at the selected bit rate. (S324).
- the content server 10 starts streaming at the bit rate selected by the content playback device 20 in response to a request from the content playback device 20 (S328), and the content playback device 20 starts playback of the content (S332). ).
- the content server 10 transmits the playlist file in which the playback options are limited according to the degree of congestion to the content playback device 20, so that the content in the content playback device 20 is stable. Reproduction can be realized.
- the file reconstructing unit 150 acquires the position information of the content reproduction device 20 and stores it in the storage unit 130 in association with the position information of the content reproduction device 20 and the position information and time information corresponding to the current time.
- the degree of congestion may be estimated by extracting the degree of congestion.
- FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of the content reproduction system according to the modification.
- the content reproduction apparatus 20 acquires position information (S352), and transmits the acquired position information to the content server 10 (S356).
- the content playback device 20 obtains location information by, for example, GPS (Global Positioning System), and requests the content server 10 to transmit the playlist file by embedding the location information in the URL as a URL query parameter. May be performed.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the file reconstruction unit 150 estimates the degree of congestion by extracting the degree of congestion stored in the storage unit 130 in association with the position information of the content reproduction device 20 and the position information and time information corresponding to the current time. (S360).
- the file reconstruction unit 150 selects a part of the plurality of pieces of encoded data having different bit rates stored in the storage unit 130 according to the estimated degree of congestion, and selects the selected code.
- a playlist file including access information related to the data is reconstructed (S364).
- the communication unit 140 transmits the playlist file obtained by the file reconstruction unit 150 to the content reproduction device 20 (S368).
- the content playback apparatus 20 selects a bit rate from a plurality of bit rates corresponding to a plurality of encoded data indicated by the playlist file (S372), and requests the content server to stream the content at the selected bit rate. (S376).
- the content server 10 starts streaming at the bit rate selected by the content playback device 20 in response to a request from the content playback device 20 (S380), and the content playback device 20 starts playback of the content (S384). ).
- Second Embodiment> Heretofore, the first embodiment of the present disclosure has been described. Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The second embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the first embodiment in that a bit rate is selected in consideration of the congestion degree of the network 12 on the content reproduction device 20 side.
- FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the content reproduction apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment.
- the content playback apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment includes an acquisition unit 220, a buffer 230, a playback unit 240, and a selection unit 250.
- the acquisition unit 220 (communication unit) is an interface with the content server 10, requests data from the content server 10, and acquires data from the content server 10. More specifically, the acquisition unit 220 has a function as an HTTP client that communicates with the content reproduction apparatus 20 according to HTTP. For example, the acquisition unit 220 can selectively acquire a playlist file and a segment of encoded data from the content server 10 by using HTTP Range.
- the buffer 230 sequentially buffers segments acquired from the content server 10 by the acquisition unit 220.
- the segments buffered in the buffer 230 are sequentially supplied to the playback unit 240 by FIFO (First In First Out).
- the playback unit 240 sequentially plays back the segments supplied from the buffer 230. Specifically, the playback unit 240 performs segment decoding, DA conversion, rendering, and the like.
- the selection unit 250 sequentially selects within the same content which segment of the encoded data corresponding to which bit rate included in the playlist file is to be acquired. For example, when the selection unit 250 sequentially selects the segments “A1”, “B2”, and “A3” according to the bandwidth of the network 12, the acquisition unit 220 receives the segment “A1” from the content server 10 as illustrated in FIG. ”,“ B2 ”, and“ A3 ”are acquired sequentially.
- the selection unit 250 selects encoded data according to the congestion degree of the network 12. Specifically, the content server 10 acquires the content server 10 by the method described in the first embodiment (inquiry to the base station monitor server 40, reference to the congestion level table), and the content server 10 indicates the congestion level to the content reproduction apparatus 20. Notice. Then, the selection unit 250 selects from the encoded data excluding more encoded data in order from the higher bit rate as the degree of congestion is higher. As another example, the selection unit 250 may perform selection from one or more encoded data obtained by thinning out a larger amount of encoded data from a plurality of encoded data.
- the content server 10 may notify the content reproduction device 20 of information indicating the degree of congestion as a part of the playlist file, or information indicating the degree of congestion as metadata of the encoded data to the content reproduction device 20. You may send it.
- the content reproduction apparatus 20 includes a congestion degree estimation unit that estimates the congestion degree of the network 12. Also good.
- the function of the congestion degree estimation unit that can be provided in the content reproduction apparatus 20 will be described as a modification.
- the expression “communication terminal” is used as a superordinate concept of the content reproduction apparatus 20.
- the number of multiplexed DPCHs that is, the number of communication terminals belonging to a wireless base station
- the number of HS-DSCHs that is, high-speed downlink sharing shared by a plurality of communication terminals in HSDPA
- the correlation output of each scramble code is increased.
- the correlation output of the largest scramble code is a and the smallest correlation output of other scramble codes is b
- the correlation output b / correlation output a increases as it increases.
- the congestion degree estimation unit can calculate the ratio (b / a) between the correlation output a and the correlation output b as the congestion degree k cong of the radio base station 30 by CDMA.
- the congestion degree estimation unit may use a value of total received power (RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator) or a value obtained by dividing RSSI by a spreading factor instead of the smallest correlation output b.
- RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
- subcarrier allocation information of each frame is transmitted as one piece of control information. For example, in Mobile WiMAX, subcarrier allocation information called DL-MAP is transmitted.
- the congestion level estimation unit calculates the ratio of the number of subcarriers allocated to each communication terminal with respect to the total number of subcarriers for each frame based on the subcarrier allocation information transmitted from the radio base station 30 using OFDMA. It is possible to calculate as cong .
- the downlink control signal (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) is used for scheduling control information including downlink resource allocation and uplink scheduling information, as in WiMAX.
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- the congestion degree estimation unit receives the first n OFDM symbols, acquires resource allocation information for each communication terminal, and determines the number of subcarriers allocated to each communication terminal for the total number of subcarriers for each frame. The ratio may be calculated as the degree of congestion k cong .
- the bit rate of encoded data that can be played back by the content playback device 20 is limited according to the degree of congestion of the network 12, so that it is connected to the radio base station 30. Even if the number of content reproduction apparatuses 20 increases, it is possible to prevent congestion that occurs due to the banding between the content reproduction apparatuses 20 and to realize stable reproduction.
- each step in the processing of the content reproduction system of the present specification does not necessarily have to be processed in time series in the order described as a sequence diagram.
- each step in the processing of the content reproduction system may be processed in an order different from the order described as the sequence diagram or may be processed in parallel.
- a storage medium storing the computer program is also provided.
- a storage unit for storing a plurality of pieces of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates; A data file including access information regarding a part of the plurality of pieces of encoded data is transmitted to the client device, and the encoded data requested from the client device based on the data file is transmitted to the client device.
- a communication unit to transmit; A content server.
- the content server Connected to the client device via a network; A file processing unit that selects a part of the plurality of pieces of encoded data according to the congestion degree of the network and generates the data file including access information regarding the selected part of the encoded data;
- the content server according to (1) further comprising: (3)
- the storage unit further stores location information, time information, and an index indicating the degree of congestion of the network in association with each other,
- the file processing unit selects the part of the encoded data according to the congestion degree stored in the storage unit in association with the position information and the time information corresponding to the position information of the client device and the current time.
- the network includes a radio base station that provides a radio service to the client device,
- the file processing unit acquires a congestion level of a radio base station connected to the client device from an external monitor server, and selects the partial encoded data according to the acquired congestion level.
- the file processing unit selects, as the partial encoded data, encoded data excluding more encoded data in order from a higher bit rate as the congestion degree is higher.
- the content server according to any one of the above.
- the file processing unit according to any one of (2) to (4), wherein the higher the congestion level is, the more the encoded data is thinned out, and the partial encoded data is selected.
- Content server The file processing unit.
- a client device A storage unit for storing a plurality of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates; A data file including access information related to a part of encoded data of the plurality of encoded data is transmitted to the client device, and the encoded data requested from the client device based on the data file is transmitted to the client device.
- a Communication part to send to, A content server having A content distribution system comprising: (10) A communication unit for receiving a data file including access information regarding the plurality of encoded data from a content server storing a plurality of encoded data obtained by encoding the same content at different bit rates; A selection unit that selects access information related to encoded data of any of the plurality of encoded data according to the congestion degree of the network from the data file; The communication unit is a client device that receives the encoded data from the content server based on the access information selected by the selection unit. (11) The client device according to (10), wherein the communication unit receives information indicating a congestion degree of the network from the content server.
- the client device according to (10) or (11), wherein the data file includes information indicating a degree of congestion of the network.
- the content server stores location information, time information, and an index indicating the degree of congestion of the network in association with each other,
- the communication unit receives an index indicating the degree of congestion stored in the content server in association with position information and time information corresponding to the position information of the client device and the current time, (10) to (13)
- the client device according to any one of the above.
- the network includes a radio base station that provides a radio service to the client device, The client device according to any one of (10) to (13), wherein the information indicating the congestion level is obtained by a monitor server that measures a congestion level of a radio base station connected to the client device.
- the selection unit according to any one of (10) to (15), wherein the selection unit performs the selection from encoded data excluding more encoded data in order from a higher bit rate as the congestion degree is higher.
- the selection unit performs the selection from one or more encoded data obtained by thinning out a larger amount of encoded data from the plurality of encoded data as the degree of congestion is higher.
- the client device according to any one of 15).
- the client device further including a congestion degree estimation unit that estimates the congestion degree.
- the client device according to any one of (10) to (18), further including a reproducing unit that reproduces encoded data received from the content server.
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Abstract
Description
1.コンテンツ再生システムの概要
2.第1の実施形態
2-1.コンテンツサーバの構成
2-2.コンテンツ再生システムの動作
2-3.変形例
3.第2の実施形態
3-1.コンテンツ再生装置の構成
3-2.変形例
4.むすび
まず、図1~図4を参照し、本開示の実施形態によるコンテンツ再生システムについて概略的に説明する。
以上、図1~図4を参照し、本開示の実施形態によるコンテンツ再生システムの概要を説明した。続いて、本開示の第1の実施形態を説明する。本開示の第1の実施形態は、上述したプレイリストファイルを適宜再構成してコンテンツ再生装置20に提供するものである。
図5は、本実施形態によるコンテンツサーバ10の構成を示した機能ブロック図である。図5に示したように、本実施形態によるコンテンツサーバ10は、ファイル生成部120と、記憶部130と、通信部140と、ファイル再構成部150と、を備える。
以上、本実施形態によるコンテンツサーバ10の構成を説明した。続いて、図8を参照し、本実施形態によるコンテンツ再生システムの動作を整理する。
なお、上記ではコンテンツサーバ10が基地局モニタサーバ40から混雑度の通知を受ける例を説明したが、本実施形態はかかる例に限定されない。変形例として、ファイル再構成部150は、コンテンツ再生装置20の位置情報を取得し、コンテンツ再生装置20の位置情報と現在時刻に対応する位置情報および時間情報に関連付けて記憶部130に記憶されている混雑度を抽出することにより、混雑度を推定してもよい。以下、図9を参照し、変形例によるコンテンツ再生システムの動作の動作を説明する。
以上、本開示の第1の実施形態を説明した。続いて、本開示の第2の実施形態を説明する。本開示の第2の実施形態は、コンテンツ再生装置20側でネットワーク12の混雑度を考慮したビットレートの選択を行う点で第1の実施形態と異なる。
図10は、本実施形態によるコンテンツ再生装置20の構成を示した機能ブロック図である。図10に示したように、本実施形態によるコンテンツ再生装置20は、取得部220と、バッファ230と、再生部240と、選択部250と、を備える。
上記では、コンテンツサーバ10がネットワーク12の混雑度を示す情報をコンテンツ再生装置20に送信する例を説明したが、コンテンツ再生装置20に、ネットワーク12の混雑度を推定する混雑度推定部を設けてもよい。以下、変形例としてコンテンツ再生装置20に設けられ得る混雑度推定部の機能について説明する。なお、以下では、コンテンツ再生装置20の上位概念として通信端末という表現を用いる。
CDMAを利用する無線通信サービスにおいて、多重されるDPCHの数(すなわち、無線基地局に属する通信端末数)、あるいは、HS-DSCHの数(すなわち、HSDPAにおいて複数の通信端末が共有する高速下り共有チャンネルの数)が多くなると、各DPCH、あるいは、各HS-DSCHは拡散されているものの、各スクランブルコードの相関出力を少なからず増加させる。このため、最も大きかったスクランブルコードの相関出力をaとし、他のスクランブルコードの相関出力のうちで最も小さい相関出力をbとすると、通信端末数が増えて空き容量が減少するにつれ、または干渉が大きくなるにつれ、相関出力b/相関出力aが大きくなると考えられる。
OFDMAを利用する無線通信サービスからは、制御情報の1つとして、各フレームのサブキャリアの割り当て情報が送信される。例えば、Mobile WiMAXでは、DL-MAPと呼ばれるサブキャリアの割り当て情報が送信される。
以上説明したように、本開示の技術によれば、ネットワーク12の混雑度に応じてコンテンツ再生装置20において再生可能な符号化データのビットレートが制限されるので、無線基地局30に接続されたコンテンツ再生装置20が増加しても、コンテンツ再生装置20間の帯域の取り合いによって発生する輻輳を防ぎ安定した再生を実現することができる。
(1)
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶する記憶部と、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルをクライアント装置に送信し、前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信する通信部と、
を備える、コンテンツサーバ。
(2)
前記コンテンツサーバは、
ネットワークを介して前記クライアント装置と接続されており、
前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データを選択し、選択した一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含む前記データファイルを生成するファイル処理部をさらに備える、前記(1)に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(3)
前記記憶部は、さらに、位置情報、時間情報および前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す指標を関連付けて記憶しており、
前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置の位置情報および現在時刻に対応する位置情報および時間情報に関連付けて前記記憶部に記憶されている混雑度に応じて前記一部の符号化データの選択を行う、前記(2)に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(4)
前記ネットワークは、前記クライアント装置に無線サービスを提供する無線基地局を含み、
前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置に接続されている無線基地局の混雑度を外部のモニタサーバから取得し、取得した混雑度に応じて前記一部の符号化データの選択を行う、前記(2)に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(5)
前記ファイル処理部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、ビットレートが高い方から順により多くの符号化データを除く符号化データを前記一部の符号化データとして選択する、前記(2)~(4)のいずれか一項に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(6)
前記ファイル処理部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、より多くの符号化データを間引くことにより前記一部の符号化データを選択する、前記(2)~(4)のいずれか一項に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(7)
前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置のための前記データファイルの更新を行う、前記(2)~(6)のいずれか一項に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
(8)
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶することと、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルをクライアント装置に送信することと、
前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信することと、
を含む、コンテンツ配信方法。
(9)
クライアント装置と、
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶する記憶部、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを前記クライアント装置に送信し、前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信する通信部、
を有するコンテンツサーバと、
を備える、コンテンツ配信システム。
(10)
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶するコンテンツサーバからネットワークを介して前記複数の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを受信する通信部と、
前記データファイルから、前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちのいずれかの符号化データに関するアクセス情報を選択する選択部と
を備え、
前記通信部は、前記選択部により選択されたアクセス情報に基づいて前記コンテンツサーバから前記符号化データを受信する、クライアント装置。
(11)
前記通信部は、前記コンテンツサーバから前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報を受信する、前記(10)に記載のクライアント装置。
(12)
前記データファイルは、前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報を含む、前記(10)または(11)に記載のクライアント装置。
(13)
前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報は、前記符号化データにメタデータとして含まれる、前記(10)または(11)に記載のクライアント装置。
(14)
前記コンテンツサーバは、位置情報、時間情報および前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す指標を関連付けて記憶しており、
前記通信部は、前記クライアント装置の位置情報および現在時刻に対応する位置情報および時間情報に関連付けて前記コンテンツサーバに記憶されている混雑度を示す指標を受信する、前記(10)~(13)のいずれか一項に記載のクライアント装置。
(15)
前記ネットワークは、前記クライアント装置に無線サービスを提供する無線基地局を含み、
前記混雑度を示す情報は、前記クライアント装置に接続されている無線基地局の混雑度を測定するモニタサーバにより得られる、前記(10)~(13)のいずれか一項に記載のクライアント装置。
(16)
前記選択部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、ビットレートが高い方から順により多くの符号化データを除く符号化データから前記選択を行う、前記(10)~(15)のいずれか一項に記載のクライアント装置。
(17)
前記選択部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、前記複数の符号化データからより多くの符号化データを間引いて得られる1または2以上の符号化データから前記選択を行う、前記(10)~(15)のいずれか一項に記載のクライアント装置。
(18)
前記クライアント装置は、前記混雑度を推定する混雑度推定部をさらに備える、前記(10)に記載のクライアント装置。
(19)
前記クライアント装置は、前記コンテンツサーバから受信された符号化データを再生する再生部をさらに備える、前記(10)~(18)のいずれか一項に記載のクライアント装置。
(20)
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶するコンテンツサーバからネットワークを介して前記複数の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを受信することと、
前記データファイルから、前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちのいずれかの符号化データに関するアクセス情報を選択することと、
選択されたアクセス情報に基づいて前記コンテンツサーバから前記符号化データを受信することと、
を含む、コンテンツ取得方法。
12 ネットワーク
20 コンテンツ再生装置
30 無線基地局
40 基地局モニタサーバ
40 無線基地局
120 ファイル生成部
122 エンコーダ
130 記憶部
140 通信部
150 ファイル再構成部
220 取得部
230 バッファ
240 再生部
250 選択部
Claims (20)
- 同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶する記憶部と、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルをクライアント装置に送信し、前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信する通信部と、
を備える、コンテンツサーバ。 - 前記コンテンツサーバは、
ネットワークを介して前記クライアント装置と接続されており、
前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データを選択し、選択した一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含む前記データファイルを生成するファイル処理部をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のコンテンツサーバ。 - 前記記憶部は、さらに、位置情報、時間情報および前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す指標を関連付けて記憶しており、
前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置の位置情報および現在時刻に対応する位置情報および時間情報に関連付けて前記記憶部に記憶されている混雑度に応じて前記一部の符号化データの選択を行う、請求項2に記載のコンテンツサーバ。 - 前記ネットワークは、前記クライアント装置に無線サービスを提供する無線基地局を含み、
前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置に接続されている無線基地局の混雑度を外部のモニタサーバから取得し、取得した混雑度に応じて前記一部の符号化データの選択を行う、請求項2に記載のコンテンツサーバ。 - 前記ファイル処理部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、ビットレートが高い方から順により多くの符号化データを除く符号化データを前記一部の符号化データとして選択する、請求項2に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
- 前記ファイル処理部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、より多くの符号化データを間引くことにより前記一部の符号化データを選択する、請求項2に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
- 前記ファイル処理部は、前記クライアント装置のための前記データファイルの更新を行う、請求項2に記載のコンテンツサーバ。
- 同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶することと、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルをクライアント装置に送信することと、
前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信することと、
を含む、コンテンツ配信方法。 - クライアント装置と、
同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶する記憶部、
前記複数の符号化データのうちの一部の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを前記クライアント装置に送信し、前記クライアント装置から前記データファイルに基づいて要求された符号化データを前記クライアント装置に送信する通信部、
を有するコンテンツサーバと、
を備える、コンテンツ配信システム。 - 同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶するコンテンツサーバからネットワークを介して前記複数の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを受信する通信部と、
前記データファイルから、前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちのいずれかの符号化データに関するアクセス情報を選択する選択部と
を備え、
前記通信部は、前記選択部により選択されたアクセス情報に基づいて前記コンテンツサーバから前記符号化データを受信する、クライアント装置。 - 前記通信部は、前記コンテンツサーバから前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報を受信する、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記データファイルは、前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報を含む、請求項10または11に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す情報は、前記符号化データにメタデータとして含まれる、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記コンテンツサーバは、位置情報、時間情報および前記ネットワークの混雑度を示す指標を関連付けて記憶しており、
前記通信部は、前記クライアント装置の位置情報および現在時刻に対応する位置情報および時間情報に関連付けて前記コンテンツサーバに記憶されている混雑度を示す指標を受信する、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。 - 前記ネットワークは、前記クライアント装置に無線サービスを提供する無線基地局を含み、
前記混雑度を示す情報は、前記クライアント装置に接続されている無線基地局の混雑度を測定するモニタサーバにより得られる、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。 - 前記選択部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、ビットレートが高い方から順により多くの符号化データを除く符号化データから前記選択を行う、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記選択部は、前記混雑度が高いほど、前記複数の符号化データからより多くの符号化データを間引いて得られる1または2以上の符号化データから前記選択を行う、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記クライアント装置は、前記混雑度を推定する混雑度推定部をさらに備える、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 前記クライアント装置は、前記コンテンツサーバから受信された符号化データを再生する再生部をさらに備える、請求項10に記載のクライアント装置。
- 同一コンテンツを異なるビットレートで符号化して得られる複数の符号化データを記憶するコンテンツサーバからネットワークを介して前記複数の符号化データに関するアクセス情報を含むデータファイルを受信することと、
前記データファイルから、前記ネットワークの混雑度に応じて前記複数の符号化データのうちのいずれかの符号化データに関するアクセス情報を選択することと、
選択されたアクセス情報に基づいて前記コンテンツサーバから前記符号化データを受信することと、
を含む、コンテンツ取得方法。
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JP2014557331A JPWO2014112187A1 (ja) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-11-08 | コンテンツサーバ、コンテンツ配信方法、コンテンツ配信システム、クライアント装置、およびコンテンツ取得方法 |
US14/759,697 US20150350283A1 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-11-08 | Content server, content distribution method, content distribution system, client device, and content acquisition |
CN201380070065.7A CN104904224A (zh) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-11-08 | 内容服务器、内容分发方法、内容分发***、客户端设备及内容获取方法 |
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CN104904224A (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
JPWO2014112187A1 (ja) | 2017-01-19 |
US20150350283A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
EP2947887A4 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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