WO2014107125A1 - Unité houlomotrice - Google Patents

Unité houlomotrice Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014107125A1
WO2014107125A1 PCT/SE2013/051512 SE2013051512W WO2014107125A1 WO 2014107125 A1 WO2014107125 A1 WO 2014107125A1 SE 2013051512 W SE2013051512 W SE 2013051512W WO 2014107125 A1 WO2014107125 A1 WO 2014107125A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
container
liquid
power unit
wave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2013/051512
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Ehrnberg
Original Assignee
Vigor Wave Energy Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vigor Wave Energy Ab filed Critical Vigor Wave Energy Ab
Publication of WO2014107125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014107125A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/148—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the static pressure increase due to the wave
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/188—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is flexible or deformable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for extracting energy from waves propagating in a liquid.
  • Wave energy is a renewable energy that is considered to have great potential to provide a significant addition to the world's renewable energy production.
  • wave power plants are robust and reliable while effectively can extract the energy contained in the waves.
  • SE 529 687 A proposal for one method of utilizing the energy in waves is described in SE 529 687 in which a wave power unit extracts the energy in the waves by alternately taking in water and air in a tubular device and utilizing the wave motion for pumping water through the pipes. Similar wave energy plants are disclosed in, for example, US 6 476 51 1 , GB 2 024 957, GB 1 579 929.
  • a common problem for all these plants relates to the intake of air and water and to be able to provide an adequate supply of air in-between slugs of water into a tubular device.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved wave energy plant which is able to provide a desired intake of air and water.
  • the invention relates to a wave power unit for extracting energy from waves in a liquid, which assembly comprises a container intended to be at least partially immersed in said fluid from which wave energy is recovered.
  • the container has a first opening for drawing in said liquid and at least one second opening for drawing in air into the container.
  • the container further has at least one outlet and a power generating unit, wherein said container is at least partly formed as an elongated unit adapted to be influenced by and essentially follow successive waves so that the container assumes an undulating contour where a number of first portions and second portions assume positions with different energy relative to one another in order to displace alternate volumes of liquid and air towards the outlet.
  • the first opening for drawing in liquid has an inlet located below the liquid surface when the wave power unit is in use and located in the liquid wherefrom the energy is extracted.
  • This distance below the surface can be defined, for instance, by using an average or mean position, taking wave height and tidal variations into consideration. Alternatively a distance between the first opening and the bottom can be used.
  • the first opening should be located such that it is assured that liquid, i.e. water in the case the wave power unit is placed in the sea, enters through this inlet.
  • At least one second opening for admitting air is connected to an inlet located above the liquid surface.
  • the wave power unit is constructed to let the liquid respective gas enter through separate openings.
  • the wave power unit may be designed such that the second opening for drawing in gas into the container is located downstream of the first opening for drawing in liquid.
  • the wave power unit may further comprise a flow controller, e.g. a controllable means for controlling the flow of liquid, which is able to provide a flow resistance to the liquid flow.
  • the flow controller is located between the first and the second opening and is arranged to reduce the flow of liquid to draw in air into the container.
  • Gas e.g. air
  • the gas and liquid will be somewhat mixed at least close to the intake but will form more distinguished, separate portions as the flow of liquid and air travels towards the outlet.
  • the flow controller is arranged to alternately increase respectively decrease the flow resistance in order to vary the amount of air drawn into the container.
  • the flow controller may for example be arranged to increase the flow resistance, and thus perform a reduction of the flow of liquid, in time with each successive wave.
  • the increased flow resistance causes a pressure drop in the liquid downstream of the flow controlling means.
  • the liquid is assumed to be incompressible, preferably water. At the second opening, the pressure drop is sufficient to draw air from the inlet, towards the second opening for admitting air into the container.
  • the flow controller may be controlled to provide a higher flow resistance for the flow of liquid during the time period when the second opening is located above the average height of the container, i.e. during the time interval when the second opening is in the upper wave half than when the second opening is located below the average height of the container, i.e. during the time interval when the second opening is in the lower wave half.
  • the timing of the increased respective the lowered flow resistance may be set different depending on the design and control of the wave power unit.
  • the timing for an increased flow resistance provided by the flow controller may deviate from the above suggested control algorithm in order to achieve a desired plug flow of separated batches of liquid and gas.
  • the flow controlling means can be arranged to perform a reduction of the flow of liquid in time when the second opening is being displaced in a downward direction. This condition occurs when the portion of the container provided with said second opening is displaced from an upper position on a wave crest to a lower position in a wave trough.
  • the flow controlling means can be arranged to vary the reduction of the flow of liquid in response to the height of each successive wave.
  • the flow controller is the power generating unit.
  • the power generating unit can be a turbine, such as a Kaplan turbine, having adjustable blades or means for controlling the speed of the turbine impeller.
  • the flow reduction can be caused by controlling the pitch of the propellers by increasing their angle of attack or using suitable means for braking the speed of the impeller.
  • the container is filled with a considerable amount of liquid being displaced towards the outlet. By restricting the flow of liquid at the inlet a pressure drop is created downstream of the controllable means, allowing air to be drawn into the container through the second opening.
  • the flow controller can be a flow reducing valve.
  • a suitable controllable valve By partially closing a suitable controllable valve a pressure drop is created downstream of the controllable means, as described above.
  • the wave power unit may be designed such that the flow controller, e.g. a power generating unit or a flow reducing valve, and the first opening is located below the surface of the sea and anchored to the bottom in such a way that rotation of the first opening and the power generating unit is restricted.
  • the first opening may be formed at the very end of the elongated container and the flow controller located in close vicinity to the first opening such that the inlet end of the wave power unit is anchored to the bottom.
  • the anchoring may be a rigid construction preventing essentially any movements of the anchored parts or being an attachment made up of several wires or the like thus preventing full rotation but enabling a certain rocking and turning of the anchored parts.
  • the wave power unit may be designed such that at least a part of the container is rotatably connected to the anchored portions of the waver power plant which have a restricted rotational movement. Hence, by this arrangement it is possible to avoid rotation of the inlet part and flow controller and avoiding electric and/or control wires to turn and break while allowing the remainder of the container to turn to a desired direction.
  • the anchored part of the container may be anchored in the sea at a level which is at least 2 meters below a wave trough, i.e. the lowermost position of the sea level.
  • the flow controller may be controlled intermittently, in time with successive waves, to admit air into the container in order to create separated slugs of liquid along the length of the container. The amount of air admitted can be controlled by the duration and/or the degree of flow reduction.
  • the flow of liquid adjacent the second opening can be arranged to create a reduced pressure at the second opening, preventing liquid from rising towards the air inlet.
  • a non-return valve can be arranged between the second opening and its inlet. This will prevent liquid from entering the opening and rise towards the inlet. In this way, air can be drawn in substantially instantaneously when a pressure drop is created.
  • the second opening can be positioned where the container assumes an initial undulating contour. This ensures that the air admitted through the second opening forms a coherent separator between each slug of liquid.
  • the inlet for a conduit connected to the second opening can be arranged in the direction of the outlet of the container. This arrangement is suitable for conditions where the prevailing wind direction at least substantially coincides with the direction of the waves. By placing the inlet in a substantially downwind direction it is possible to avoid liquid spray or other undesirable matter from entering the inlet.
  • the container extends towards the surface in a curve between the first opening and the second opening, and assumes an undulating contour between the second opening and the outlet.
  • Figure 1 shows a wave power unit located at sea and anchored to the bottom of the sea
  • Figure 1 shows a wave power unit 1 comprising a container 2 for extracting energy from waves in a liquid 3.
  • the wave power unit is intended to be located in the sea or in a lake or any suitable liquid reservoir where waves are present.
  • the container 2 is at least partly formed as an elongated unit adapted to be influenced by and essentially follow successive waves 10 so that the container 2 assumes an undulating contour.
  • the wave power unit is provided with at least a first opening 5 for allowing liquid 3 to flow into the container 2.
  • the liquid 3 used is in general the same liquid 3 which forms the surrounding liquid phase in which the wave power unit 1 is immersed and is for natural reasons usually water.
  • the wave power unit is further provided with a second opening 6 for allowing a gas 4 to flow into the container.
  • the gas 4 is in general thought to be the surrounding gas which under normal circumstances is air.
  • the first and second opening 5, 6 are located at or close to a first end 7 of the container 2.
  • the container further comprises at least one outlet 9 located at or close to a second end 8 of the container.
  • the liquid 3 and the gas will travel in a direction from the first end 7 towards the second end 8.
  • the flow is powered by waves 10 where a number of first portions and second portions assume positions with different potential energy relative to one another in order to displace alternate volumes of liquid 3 and air 4 towards the outlet.
  • the fluids (liquid 3 and gas 4) will travel in separate batches of liquid 3 and gas 4 such that the liquid 4, having a higher density than the gas 3, will travel in or close to wave troughs 1 1 and the gas 4 will travel on or close to the wave crests 12.
  • the basic principle beyond the function of this wave power 1 is for example explained in WO 2008 / 091 208.
  • a power generating unit e.g. a turbine, connected to the wave power unit.
  • the first opening is thus connected to a first inlet 13 which has an inlet located below the liquid surface, at least at admittance of liquid 3.
  • the first opening 5 and the first inlet 13 are located at the same location in this figure but they may also be connected to by a conduit in case the first opening 5 not may positioned such that it may be assured that liquid 3 will enter through the opening without a conduit to the first inlet 13 which is positioned to assure the admittance of water.
  • the second opening 6 for admitting air is connected to a second inlet 14 located above the liquid surface by a connecting conduit. However, if it is possible to assure the admittance of gas 4 through the second opening 6 without the need for a remotely located second inlet 14 connected by a conduit it is possible to have the second inlet 14 at the same location as the second opening 6.
  • a flow controller 15 which is able to provide a flow resistance to the flow of liquid 3, located between the first and the second opening 5, 6.
  • the flow controller is arranged to reduce the flow of liquid 3 through the container in order to draw in gas 4, e.g. air into the container 2. Reducing the flow of liquid 3 through the first opening 5 will cause a lowered pressure downstream the flow regulator 15 such that there will be a suction action in the second opening 6 in order to suck gas 4 into the container.
  • the flow controller By arranging the flow controller to alternately increase respectively decrease the flow resistance, it will be possible to vary the amount of air drawn into the container.
  • the flow controller 15 could for example be arranged to increase the flow resistance of liquid 3 in time with each successive wave.
  • the creation of the low pressure at the second opening 6, which in turns create the sucking force through the second opening 6, originates from the increased flow resistance upstream of the second opening 6 and the pumping force of the waves 10 downstream of the opening 6 creating the flow towards the outlet 9.
  • the flow controller 15 could be arranged to vary the liquid flow resistance depending on the position and/or the movement of the second opening 6. Since the gas 3 is intended to travel along the parts of the container 2 being in its upper positions, i.e. at the wave crests 12, is a possible control strategy to arrange the flow controller 15 to provide a higher flow resistance for the flow of liquid 3 during the time period when the second opening 6 is located above the average height of the container 2, i.e. during the time interval when the second opening 6 is in the upper wave half. The flow resistance is thus lowered when the second opening 6 is located below the average height of the container 2, i.e. during the time interval when the second opening 6 is in the lower wave half.
  • the liquid flow resistance e.g. the strength and/or the frequency, provided by the flow controller may be arranged to vary in response to the height and / or the frequency of the waves.
  • the flow controller 15 could for example be the power generating unit or a flow reducing valve.
  • a certain benefit by using the power generating unit as a flow controller 15 located between the first inlet 5 and second inlet 6 is that the power generating unit, e.g. a turbine, will only need to be adapted to liquid flow passing through the power generating unit. This feature may facilitate an optimized energy production compared to if the power generating unit is located in an intermittent flow of liquid and gas or separating such a flow in two having separate units for the respective flows of liquid 3 and gas 4. It is further shown in figure 1 that the wave power unit 1 is anchored to the bottom 16 of the sea by an anchorage arrangement comprising anchorage wires 17 attached to anchorage bases 18 rigidly attached at the bottom 16.
  • the anchorage arrangement is connected to the wave power unit 1 at its first end 7 such that the first opening for drawing in liquid and the flow controller are located beneath the surface of the sea.
  • the anchorage arrangement is preferably made such that rotation of the first opening 5 and the flow controller 15 is restricted. In many cases is it desirable to avoid the flow controller to rotate without any control since there may be wires connected to the flow controller 15.
  • the flow controller 15 also is a power generating unit is it necessary to have wires connected in order to be able to transport the energy produced to a net or other means for distribution of the energy.
  • the restricted rotatability of the anchored parts may for example be achieved by four anchorage wires 17 attached to the bottom and pointing in different directions, e.g. to anchorage bases 18 forming a rectangle or quadrate.
  • the anchorage wires 17 be stretched and strive to prevent rotation of the first end 7.
  • the first end 7 could of course also be rigidly attached to the sea bottom 16 such that essentially no movement of the first end 7 is possible.
  • a rotatable connection 19 be present which allows the major part of the container 2 rotate relative the anchored portions close to the first end 7.
  • Still another feature which may reduce the forces working directly on the anchored parts is to locate the first end 7 well below the sea surface, preferably such that the inlet is located at least 2 metres below the surface of the sea in the wave troughs 1 1 .
  • the first inlet 5 is located further below the surface and could beneficially be located at a depth of about 20 metres.
  • the second opening 6 is located more or less close to the first end 7 and could be positioned where the container 2 assumes an initial undulating contour as shown in figure 1 .
  • the container 2 could be designed to extend towards the surface in a curve between the first opening 5 and the second opening 6 and assume an undulating contour between the second opening and the outlet.
  • the second opening 6 connected to a second inlet 14 via a conduit.
  • the conduit could be bent such that the second inlet 14 is pointing in the direction of the outlet of the container in order to avoid undesired liquid to enter into the second inlet, e.g. as a result of water splash from waves.
  • the wave power unit could further be provided with a non-return valve at the second opening 6 or arranged between the second opening 6 and its inlet 14 in order to avoid liquid 3 or gas 4 to escape through the second opening 6.
  • the wave power unit be modified in several ways within the scope of the invention.
  • the wave power unit could also be designed to have power generating unit at the second, outlet end of the container instead of positioning it at the first, inlet end.
  • the inventive idea of having separate inlet for gas respectively liquid enables a great diversity of controlling the separate inflows, e.g. by flow controllers increasing and decreasing the flow resistance, such that the flow through the container may be appropriately controlled.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité houlomotrice (1) destinée à extraire l'énergie résultant du mouvement des vagues dans un liquide (3). L'unité houlomotrice (1) comprend un contenant (2) qui est placé au moins partiellement dans le liquide (3) et comprend également des premier et second orifices d'admission (5,6) et un orifice d'évacuation (9). Le contenant (2) est agencé, sous l'influence dudit mouvement des vagues, de façon à laisser une première partie de celui-ci se placer elle-même dans une première position et une seconde partie de celui-ci dans une seconde position, les première et seconde positions correspondant à différents états d'énergie potentielle. Le premier orifice d'admission (5) permet l'admission du liquide (3) dans le contenant (2) et le second orifice d'admission (6) permet l'admission du gaz (4) dans le contenant (2). Le contenant (2) peut être conçu de sorte que le premier orifice (5) soit placé en amont du second orifice (6) et est pourvu d'un régulateur d'écoulement (15) placé entre les premier et second orifices (5,6), le régulateur d'écoulement (15) pouvant générer une résistance à l'écoulement alternative afin de faire varier la pression en aval du régulateur d'écoulement et donc la force d'aspiration dans le second orifice (6) pour l'admission du gaz dans le contenant.
PCT/SE2013/051512 2013-01-03 2013-12-16 Unité houlomotrice WO2014107125A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1300008 2013-01-03
SE1300008-8 2013-01-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014107125A1 true WO2014107125A1 (fr) 2014-07-10

Family

ID=51062372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2013/051512 WO2014107125A1 (fr) 2013-01-03 2013-12-16 Unité houlomotrice

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014107125A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108979941A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-12-11 马啸林 一种闭环柔性浮筒波浪发电装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006067421A1 (fr) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-29 Anthony Salt Appareil et procede d’extraction d’energie
WO2007015269A1 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Convertisseur d’énergie d’ondes flottant librement
WO2010007607A1 (fr) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-21 Jospa Limited Convertisseur de l'énergie des vagues
US20110006531A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2011-01-13 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Free floating wave energy converter
WO2011055111A2 (fr) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Norman West Bellamy Convertisseur d'énergie
WO2013014682A2 (fr) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-31 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Convertisseur d'énergie des vagues flottant librement, amélioré

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006067421A1 (fr) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-29 Anthony Salt Appareil et procede d’extraction d’energie
WO2007015269A1 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Convertisseur d’énergie d’ondes flottant librement
US20110006531A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2011-01-13 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Free floating wave energy converter
WO2010007607A1 (fr) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-21 Jospa Limited Convertisseur de l'énergie des vagues
WO2011055111A2 (fr) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Norman West Bellamy Convertisseur d'énergie
WO2013014682A2 (fr) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-31 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Convertisseur d'énergie des vagues flottant librement, amélioré

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108979941A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-12-11 马啸林 一种闭环柔性浮筒波浪发电装置

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