WO2014092468A1 - 백홀(backhaul) 링크 정보 전송 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
백홀(backhaul) 링크 정보 전송 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014092468A1 WO2014092468A1 PCT/KR2013/011506 KR2013011506W WO2014092468A1 WO 2014092468 A1 WO2014092468 A1 WO 2014092468A1 KR 2013011506 W KR2013011506 W KR 2013011506W WO 2014092468 A1 WO2014092468 A1 WO 2014092468A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/06—Authentication
- H04W12/062—Pre-authentication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/14—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using user query or user detection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless LAN, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting information on a backhaul link.
- IEEE 802.11ac is a wireless LAN technology using a 60GHz band.
- IEEE 802.11af which utilizes a TV white space (TVWS) band.
- IEEE 802.11ah utilizing the 900MHz band. They aim primarily at the expansion of extended grid Wi-Fi services, as well as smart grid and wide area sensor networks.
- the existing WLAN medium access control (MAC) technology has a problem that the initial link setup time is very long in some cases.
- the IEEE 802.11ai standardization activity has been actively performed recently.
- IEEE 802.11ai is a MAC technology that addresses the rapid authentication process to dramatically reduce the initial set-up and association time of WLAN. Standardization activities began in January 2011 as a formal task group. It became. In order to enable the fast access procedure, IEEE 802.11ai is based on AP discovery, network discovery, time synchronization function synchronization, Authentication & Association, and higher layer. Discussion of process simplification is underway in areas such as merging procedures with the Among them, procedure merging using piggyback of dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP), optimization of full EAP (extensible authentication protocol) using concurrent IP, and efficient selective access (AP) point) Ideas such as scanning are actively discussed.
- DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol
- EAP efficient selective access
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for transmitting backhaul link information.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for performing backhaul link information transmission.
- a method for obtaining backhaul link state information of an STA wherein the STA requests backhaul link state information of an access point (AP). And transmitting a generic advertisement service (GAS) request frame to the AP and receiving, by the STA, a GAS response frame including the backhaul link state information in response to the GAS request frame.
- GAS request frame is a frame that is transmitted after the STA performs a scanning procedure for the AP and before performing an authentication procedure or a joining procedure and requests information related to availability of a network that the STA wants to access, and the backhaul link state information is It may include information on the load of the backhaul link connecting the AP and other network devices except the STA.
- the STA is a radio frequency (RF) unit implemented to transmit and receive a radio signal; And a processor selectively connected to the RF unit, wherein the processor transmits a generic advertisement service (GAS) request frame for requesting backhaul link state information of an access point (AP) to the AP, and transmits a GAS request frame to the AP.
- GAS generic advertisement service
- the GAS response frame including the backhaul link state information may be received, wherein the GAS request frame is transmitted after the STA performs a scanning procedure for the AP and before performing an authentication procedure or a combining procedure.
- This frame is a request for information related to the availability of the network to be accessed, and the backhaul link state information is associated with the AP. It may include information about the load on the backhaul link to connect to other network devices other than the STA.
- the STA may additionally determine the AP to access based on the information on the backhaul link by receiving information on the communication network of the backhaul link between the AP and another external communication device in order to transmit and receive data.
- the STA may increase the efficiency of radio resources by accessing the AP based on the backhaul link information.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a layer architecture of a WLAN system supported by IEEE 802.11.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a scanning method in a WLAN.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after scanning of an AP and an STA.
- 5 is a conceptual diagram for an active scanning procedure.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting a probe request frame.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a GAS protocol.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of an operation between an STA and an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backhaul link state information element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backhaul link state information element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a probe request frame / probe response frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of accessing an AP based on backhaul link state information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a GAS request frame and a GAS response frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of an infrastructure network of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.
- IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
- the WLAN system may include one or more basic service sets (BSSs) 100 and 105.
- the BSSs 100 and 105 are a set of APs and STAs such as an access point 125 and a STA1 (station 100-1) capable of successfully synchronizing and communicating with each other, and do not indicate a specific area.
- the BSS 105 may include one or more joinable STAs 105-1 and 105-2 to one AP 130.
- the infrastructure BSS may include at least one STA, APs 125 and 130 that provide a distribution service, and a distribution system DS that connects a plurality of APs.
- the distributed system 110 may connect several BSSs 100 and 105 to implement an extended service set (ESS) 140 which is an extended service set.
- ESS 140 may be used as a term indicating one network in which one or several APs 125 and 230 are connected through the distributed system 110.
- APs included in one ESS 140 may have the same service set identification (SSID).
- the portal 120 may serve as a bridge for connecting the WLAN network (IEEE 802.11) with another network (for example, 802.X).
- a network between the APs 125 and 130 and a network between the APs 125 and 130 and the STAs 100-1, 105-1 and 105-2 may be implemented. However, it may be possible to perform communication by setting up a network even between STAs without the APs 125 and 130.
- a network that performs communication by establishing a network even between STAs without APs 125 and 130 is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (BSS).
- BSS basic service set
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an independent BSS.
- an independent BSS is a BSS operating in an ad-hoc mode. Since IBSS does not contain an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in the IBSS, the STAs 150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 155-1, and 155-2 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 155-1, and 155-2 may be mobile STAs, and access to a distributed system is not allowed, thus allowing a self-contained network. network).
- a STA is any functional medium that includes a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer interface to a wireless medium that conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard. May be used to mean both an AP and a non-AP STA (Non-AP Station).
- MAC medium access control
- IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- the STA may include a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile subscriber unit ( It may also be called various names such as a mobile subscriber unit or simply a user.
- WTRU wireless transmit / receive unit
- UE user equipment
- MS mobile station
- UE mobile subscriber unit
- It may also be called various names such as a mobile subscriber unit or simply a user.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a layer architecture of a WLAN system supported by IEEE 802.11.
- FIG. 2 conceptually illustrates a PHY architecture of a WLAN system.
- the hierarchical architecture of the WLAN system may include a medium access control (MAC) sublayer 220, a physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) sublayer 210, and a physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayer 200.
- MAC medium access control
- PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
- PMD physical medium dependent
- the PLCP sublayer 210 is implemented such that the MAC sublayer 220 can operate with a minimum dependency on the PMD sublayer 200.
- the PMD sublayer 200 may serve as a transmission interface for transmitting and receiving data between a plurality of STAs.
- the MAC sublayer 220, the PLCP sublayer 210, and the PMD sublayer 200 may conceptually include a management entity.
- the management unit of the MAC sublayer 220 is referred to as a MAC Layer Management Entity (MLME) 225, and the management unit of the physical layer is referred to as a PHY Layer Management Entity (PLME) 215.
- MLME MAC Layer Management Entity
- PLME PHY Layer Management Entity
- Such management units may provide an interface on which layer management operations are performed.
- the PLME 215 may be connected to the MLME 225 to perform management operations of the PLCP sublayer 210 and the PMD sublayer 200, and the MLME 225 may also be connected to the PLME 215 and connected to the MAC.
- a management operation of the sublayer 220 may be performed.
- SME 250 may operate as a component independent of the layer.
- the MLME, PLME, and SME may transmit and receive information between mutual components based on primitives.
- the PLCP sublayer 110 may convert the MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) received from the MAC sublayer 220 according to the indication of the MAC layer between the MAC sublayer 220 and the PMD sublayer 200. Or a frame coming from the PMD sublayer 200 to the MAC sublayer 220.
- the PMD sublayer 200 may be a PLCP lower layer to perform data transmission and reception between a plurality of STAs over a wireless medium.
- the MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) delivered by the MAC sublayer 220 is called a physical service data unit (PSDU) in the PLCP sublayer 210.
- the MPDU is similar to the PSDU. However, when an A-MPDU (aggregated MPDU) that aggregates a plurality of MPDUs is delivered, the individual MPDUs and the PSDUs may be different from each other.
- the PLCP sublayer 210 adds an additional field including information required by the physical layer transceiver in the process of receiving the PSDU from the MAC sublayer 220 to the PMD sublayer 200.
- the added field may be a PLCP preamble, a PLCP header, and tail bits required to return the convolutional encoder to a zero state in the PSDU.
- the PLCP preamble may serve to prepare the receiver for synchronization and antenna diversity before the PSDU is transmitted.
- the data field may include a coded sequence encoded with a padding bits, a service field including a bit sequence for initializing a scraper, and a bit sequence appended with tail bits in the PSDU.
- the encoding scheme may be selected from either binary convolutional coding (BCC) encoding or low density parity check (LDPC) encoding according to the encoding scheme supported by the STA receiving the PPDU.
- BCC binary convolutional coding
- LDPC low density parity check
- the PLCP header may include a field including information on a PLC Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to be transmitted.
- the PLCP sublayer 210 adds the above-described fields to the PSDU, generates a PPDU (PLCP Protocol Data Unit), and transmits it to the receiving station via the PMD sublayer 200, and the receiving station receives the PPDU to receive the PLCP preamble and PLCP. Obtain and restore information necessary for data restoration from the header.
- PPDU PLCP Protocol Data Unit
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a scanning method in a WLAN.
- a scanning method may be classified into passive scanning 300 and active scanning 350.
- the passive scanning 300 may be performed by the beacon frame 330 periodically broadcasted by the AP 300.
- the AP 300 of the WLAN broadcasts the beacon frame 330 to the non-AP STA 340 every specific period (for example, 100 msec).
- the beacon frame 330 may include information about the current network.
- the non-AP STA 340 receives the beacon frame 330 that is periodically broadcast to receive the network information to perform scanning for the AP 310 and the channel to perform the authentication / association (authentication / association) process Can be.
- the passive scanning method 300 only needs to receive the beacon frame 330 transmitted from the AP 310 without the need for the non-AP STA 340 to transmit the frame.
- passive scanning 300 has the advantage that the overall overhead incurred by data transmission / reception in the network is small.
- scanning can be performed manually in proportion to the period of the beacon frame 330, the time taken to perform scanning increases.
- beacon frame For a detailed description of the beacon frame, see IEEE Draft P802.11-REVmb TM / D12, November 2011 'IEEE Standard for Information Technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications (hereinafter referred to as IEEE 802.11) 'are described in 8.3.3.2 beacon frame.
- IEEE 802.11 ai may additionally use other formats of beacon frames, and these beacon frames may be referred to as fast initial link setup (FILS) beacon frames.
- a measurement pilot frame may be used in a scanning procedure as a frame including only some information of a beacon frame. Measurement pilot frames are disclosed in the IEEE 802.11 8.5.8.3 measurement pilot format.
- the active scanning 350 refers to a method in which the non-AP STA 390 transmits the probe request frame 370 to the AP 360 to proactively perform scanning.
- the AP 360 After receiving the probe request frame 370 from the non-AP STA 390, the AP 360 waits for a random time to prevent frame collision, and then includes network information in the probe response frame 380. may transmit to the non-AP STA 390. The non-AP STA 390 may obtain network information based on the received probe response frame 380 and stop the scanning process.
- the probe request frame 370 is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.9 and the probe response frame 380 is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.10.
- the AP and the STA may perform an authentication and association process.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after scanning of an AP and an STA.
- the authentication and association process may be performed through, for example, two-way handshaking.
- the left side of FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after passive scanning
- the right side of FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after active scanning.
- the authentication and association process is based on an authentication request frame (410) / authentication response frame (420) and an association request frame (330), regardless of whether an active scanning method or passive scanning is used. The same may be performed by exchanging an association response frame 440 between the APs 400 and 450 and the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the authentication process may be performed by transmitting the authentication request frame 410 to the APs 400 and 450 in the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the authentication response frame 420 may be transmitted from the AP 400, 450 to the non-AP STAs 405, 455.
- Authentication frame format is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.11.
- An association process may be performed by transmitting an association request frame 430 to the APs 400 and 405 in the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the association response frame 440 may be transmitted from the AP 405 and 455 to the non-AP STAs 400 and 450.
- the transmitted association request frame 430 includes information on the capabilities of the non-AP STAs 405 and 455. Based on the performance information of the non-AP STAs 405 and 455, the APs 400 and 350 may determine whether support is possible for the non-AP STAs 405 and 355.
- the AP 300 or 450 may include the non-AP STA 405 in the association response frame 440 by including whether the association request frame 440 is accepted and the reason thereof, and capability information that can be supported. , 455).
- Association frame format is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.5/8.3.3.6.
- the association may be performed again or the association may be performed to another AP based on the reason why the association is not performed.
- 5 is a conceptual diagram for an active scanning procedure.
- the active scanning procedure may be performed by the following steps.
- the STA 500 determines whether it is ready to perform a scanning procedure.
- the STA 500 may perform active scanning by waiting until the probe delay time expires or when specific signaling information (eg, PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive) is received. have.
- specific signaling information eg, PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive
- the probe delay time is a delay that occurs before the STA 500 transmits the probe request frame 510 when performing the active scanning.
- PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive is a signal transmitted from a physical (PHY) layer to a local medium access control (MAC) layer.
- the PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive may signal to the MAC layer that it has received a PLC protocol data unit (PPDU) including a valid PLCP header in a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP).
- PPDU PLC protocol data unit
- PLCP physical layer convergence protocol
- DCF distributed coordination function
- CSMA / CA carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance
- the probe request frame 510 includes information for specifying the APs 560 and 570 included in the MLME-SCAN.request primitive (eg, service set identification (SSID) and basic service set identification (BSSID) information). ) Can be sent.
- SSID service set identification
- BSSID basic service set identification
- the BSSID is an indicator for specifying the AP and may have a value corresponding to the MAC address of the AP.
- Service set identification (SSID) is a network name for specifying an AP that can be read by a person who operates an STA. The BSSID and / or SSID may be used to specify the AP.
- the STA 500 may specify an AP based on information for specifying the APs 560 and 570 included by the MLME-SCAN.request primitive.
- the specified APs 560 and 570 may transmit probe response frames 550 and 550 to the STA 500.
- the STA 500 may unicast, multicast, or broadcast the probe request frame 510 by transmitting the SSID and the BSSID information in the probe request frame 510. A method of unicasting, multicasting or broadcasting the probe request frame 510 using the SSID and the BSSID information will be further described with reference to FIG. 5.
- the STA 500 may include the SSID list in the probe request frame 510 and transmit the SSID list.
- the AP 560, 570 receives the probe request frame 510 and determines the SSID included in the SSID list included in the received probe request frame 510 and transmits the probe response frames 550, 550 to the STA 200. You can decide whether to send.
- the probe timer may be used to check the minimum channel time (MinChanneltime, 520) and the maximum channel time (MaxChanneltime, 530).
- the minimum channel time 520 and the maximum channel time 530 may be used to control the active scanning operation of the STA 500.
- the minimum channel time 520 may be used to perform an operation for changing the channel on which the STA 500 performs active scanning. For example, when the STA 500 does not receive the probe response frames 550 and 550 until the minimum channel time 520, the STA 500 may shift the scanning channel to perform scanning on another channel. When the STA 500 receives the probe response frame 550 until the minimum channel time 520, the STA 500 may process the received probe response frames 550 and 550 by waiting for the maximum channel time 530.
- the STA 500 detects the PHY-CCA.indication primitive until the probe timer reaches the minimum channel time 520 so that other frames (eg, the probe response frames 550 and 550) are detected until the minimum channel time 520. Whether it is received by the STA 500 may be determined.
- PHY-CCA.indication primitive may transmit information about the state of the medium from the physical layer to the MAC layer. PHY-CCA.indication primitive can inform the status of the current channel by using channel status parameters such as busy if channel is not available and idle if channel is available. If the PHY-CCA.indication is detected as busy, the STA 500 determines that probe response frames 550 and 550 received by the STA 500 exist and the PHY-CCA.indication is idle. If it is detected that the probe response frame (550, 550) received by the STA 500 may be determined that no.
- the STA 500 may set the net allocation vector (NAV) to 0 and scan the next channel.
- the STA 500 may perform processing on received probe response frames 550 and 550 after the probe timer reaches the maximum channel time 530. have. After processing the received probe response frames 550 and 550, the net allocation vector (NAV) is set to 0 and the STA 500 may scan the next channel.
- determining whether the probe response frames 550 and 550 received by the STA 500 exist may include determining the channel state using the PHY-CCA.indication primitive. have.
- the MLME may signal MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive.
- the MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive may include a BSSDescriptionSet including all information obtained in the scanning process.
- the STA 500 uses the active scanning method, it is necessary to perform monitoring to determine whether the parameter of the PHY-CCA.indication is busy until the probe timer reaches the minimum channel time.
- MLME-SCAN.request primitive is a primitive generated by SME.
- the MLME-SCAN.request primitive may be used to determine whether there is another BSS to which the STA is bound.
- the MLME-SCAN.request primitive may specifically include information such as BSSType, BSSID, SSID, ScanType, ProbeDelay, ChannelList, MinChannelTime, MaxChannelTime, RequestInformation, SSID List, ChannelUsage, AccessNetworkType, HESSID, MeshID, VendorSpecificInfo.
- BSSType BSSID
- ScanType ProbeDelay
- ChannelList MinChannelTime
- MaxChannelTime MaxChannelTime
- RequestInformation SSID List
- ChannelUsage AccessNetworkType
- HESSID HESSID
- MeshID MeshID
- VendorSpecificInfo VendorSpecificInfo
- Table 1 below briefly illustrates information included in the MLME-SCAN.request primitive.
- a request parameter included in MLME-SCAN.request.primitive may be used to determine whether the responding STA transmits a probe response frame.
- the request parameter may include information for requesting that information of another BSS is included in the probe response frame.
- the request parameter may include a report request field, a delay reference field, and a maximum delay limit field.
- the report request field is information for requesting information of another BSS to be included in the probe response frame.
- the delay reference field includes information about a delay type applied in response to the probe request frame, and the maximum delay limit field is a delay reference field. It may include maximum connection delay information for the delay type, indicated by.
- the request parameter may include a minimum data rate field and / or a received signal strength limit field.
- the minimum data rate field contains information on the lowest overall data rate in transmitting an MSDU or A-MSDU.
- the received signal strength limit field may further include information about a limit value of a signal required for the receiver of the probe request frame to respond.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting a probe request frame.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method in which an STA broadcasts, multicasts, and unicasts a probe request frame.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method in which the STA 600 broadcasts a probe request frame 610.
- the STA 600 may broadcast the probe request frame 610 by including a wildcard SSID and a wildcard BSSID in the probe request frame 610.
- the wild card SSID and wild card BSSID may be used as an identifier for indicating all of the APs 606-1, 606-2, 606-3, 606-4, and 606-6 included in the transmission range of the STA 600. .
- the probe response frame in response to the probe request frame 610 received by the APs 606-1, 606-2, 606-3, 606-4, and 606-6 receiving the broadcast probe request frame 610. If the STA is transmitted to the STA 600 within a predetermined time, the STA 600 may have a problem of receiving and processing too many probe response frames at a time.
- the STA 620 when the STA 620 unicasts the probe request frame 630, the STA 620 transmits a probe request frame 630 including specific SSID / BSSID information of the AP. Can be. Among the APs receiving the probe request frame 630, only the AP 626 corresponding to the specific SSID / BSSID of the AP 620 may transmit a probe response frame to the STA 620.
- the STA 640 multicasts the probe request frame 660.
- the STA 640 may transmit the SSID list and the wild card BSSID in the probe request frame 660.
- APs 660-1 and 660-2 corresponding to the SSID included in the SSID list included in the probe request frame among the APs receiving the probe request frame 660 may transmit a probe response frame to the STA 640.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a GAS protocol.
- an access network type e.g., private network, free public network, paid public network, etc.
- roaming so that the STA can discover and select the appropriate network before associating with the AP.
- a method of advertizing agreements, location information and the like was used.
- the IEEE 802.11u Generic Advertisement Service (GAS) protocol transmits an Advertisement Protocol frame (e.g., Layer 2 or MAC frame) between a server in the network and the STA before authentication of the STA. Can be used to receive.
- the GAS protocol may play a role in which an AP relays a query of an STA to a server (eg, an advertisement server (AS)) of a network and transmits a response from the network server to the STA.
- an access network query protocol ANQP may be used to obtain various information of a network desired by an STA.
- the STA may indicate that the GAS query frame is an ANQP and request information on an access network desired by the STA to the network server.
- the STA acquires network service information (eg, service information provided by IBSS, local access service, available subscription service provider, external network information, etc.) that is not provided in the beacon frame or probe response frame in response to the GAS query frame. can do.
- network service information eg, service information provided by IBSS, local access service, available subscription service provider, external network information, etc.
- the STA 700 may detect the AP 750 through passive scanning for receiving a beacon frame or active scanning for transmitting a probe request frame and receiving a frame response frame.
- the beacon frame or the probe response frame may include information such as an interworking element and a roaming consortium element.
- the STA 700 may transmit a GAS initial request frame 710 to the AP 750.
- the GAS initial request frame 710 may include a dialog token, a request information element (IE), and the like.
- the request IE included in the GAS initial request frame 710 may include information requested by the STA 700 to the AP 750.
- the dialog token may be used to match the request information requested by the STA 700 and the response information to which the AP 750 responds.
- the AP 750 receiving the GAS initial request frame 710 may transmit a GAS query request to an AS (Advertisement Server) based on the GAS initial request frame 710. If the AP 750 does not receive a GAS query response from the AS for a predetermined time, the AP 750 transmits a dialog token, a comeback, when the AP 750 transmits a GAS initial response frame 720 to the STA 700. It may include a delay information (comeback delay). Accordingly, the STA 700 may transmit the GAS comeback request frame 730 including the dialog token to the AP 750 after waiting for the comeback delay based on the comeback delay information.
- AS Application Server
- the AP 750 may receive a GAS query response from the AS. Accordingly, in response to the GAS comeback request request frame 730 of the STA 700, the AP 750 may include a dialog token, GAS query information, and the like when transmitting the GAS comeback response frame 750.
- the STA 700 obtaining the network information through the GAS query operation may associate with the AP 750 based on the information of the network.
- information on the capability of the AP in the AP may be transmitted through a beacon frame or a probe response frame.
- Information about AP capability may include, for example, the traffic processing capability of the AP, such as a BSS load element, a BSS average access delay, a BSS availability admission capacity, and the like. Information related to the load.
- the STA may obtain information on the load of the current AP by receiving information on the capability of the AP from the AP.
- the STA may select an AP having a low load instead of an AP having a high load due to communication traffic based on the information on the capability of the AP.
- the state of the communication network between the STA and the AP is also important, but information about the communication network on the backhaul link between the AP and other external communication devices also needs to be considered. Because, even when the STA and the AP have a low load, when the communication network of the backhaul link between the AP and another external communication device has a high communication traffic load, the STA is desired regardless of the communication state of the AP and the STA. This is because the response cannot be received quickly.
- the backhaul link may indicate an external network connected to the BSS / AP.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for a STA to obtain information on a backhaul link between another external communication device connected to an AP based on a GAS.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of an operation between an STA and an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an STA requests information on a backhaul link based on an access network query protocol (ANQP) procedure used for a generic advertisement service (GAS) protocol performed after a scanning procedure and information on a backhaul link from an AP. Can be obtained.
- ANQP access network query protocol
- GAS generic advertisement service
- the GAS may be used to provide the STA with information about a service that the AP can provide to the STA in advance before the STA is connected to the network.
- the GAS may transmit information about the network to the STA through a frame exchange process such as a GAS request frame or a GAS response frame.
- Network selection based on the GAS may be performed before the authentication and association procedure between the STA and the AP.
- the STA may transmit a GAS request frame 800 requesting the backhaul link state information to the AP.
- the AP may obtain backhaul link state information from an advertisement server.
- the AP may include the obtained backhaul link state information in the GAS response frame 850 and transmit it to the STA.
- the STA that receives the GAS response frame 850 may select an AP based on the backhaul link information included in the received GAS response frame 850.
- GAS request frame 800 is IEEE Draft P802.11-REVmb TM / D12, November 2011 (IEEE Standard for Information Technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications (hereinafter referred to as IEEE 802.11 standard document).
- GAS response frame 850 is disclosed in 8.5.8.13 of the IEEE 802.11 standard document.
- the backhaul link status information may include, for example, information about the availability of the backhaul link, information indicating whether the currently included backhaul link status is information about the downlink backhaul link or the information about the uplink backhaul link, and the downlink backhaul link. And / or information on the data rate of the uplink backhaul link, information on the load of the downlink backhaul link and / or the uplink backhaul link, and the like.
- the downlink backhaul link indicates a link in a direction transmitted from the external network to the BSS / AP
- the uplink backhaul link indicates a link in a direction transmitted from the BSS / AP to the external network.
- the backhaul link state information may transmit information on the backhaul link to the STA in various formats as an example.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for requesting and transmitting backhaul link state information.
- Table 2 below shows backhaul link state information included in the GAS response frame.
- ANQP elements may be defined and included in the GAS response frame.
- ANQP elements are defined in Table 8-184 of 8.4.4 Access Network Query Protocol (ANQP) elements of the IEEE 802.11 standard document.
- the backhaul link state information may be defined as one of a plurality of ANQP elements included in the existing GAS response frame.
- the backhaul link state information element may be newly defined, and the backhaul link state information requested by the STA may be transmitted to the STA as one ANQP element.
- a request for backhaul link state information may be performed to the AP as a query list ANQP element in the GAS request frame as shown below.
- the query list ANQP element may be used for the STA to request specific information from the AP.
- One of the ANQP query IDs can be defined to request BSS / backhaul link status information and the STA transmits the backhaul link from the AP by including an identifier corresponding to the request information requesting the backhaul link status information in the ANQP element. Status information can be received.
- the AP In response to the request for the backhaul link state information included as a query list ANQP element of the GAS request frame, the AP requests backhaul link state information using a capability list ANQP element as shown in Table 4 below. Can send a response.
- the capability list ANQP element may be used to perform a response to the query list ANQP element.
- the capability list ANQP element may be included in the GAS response frame and transmitted to the STA.
- the STA when the STA requests the backhaul link state information element from the GAS request frame to the query list ANQP element, the STA may include an information element for the backhaul link state in the capability list ANQP element of the GAS response frame.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses an information format of a backhaul link state information element.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backhaul link state information element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the backhaul link state information element may include BSS state information 900, backhaul link up / down indicator 910, backhaul link data rate indicator 920, and backhaul link load indicator 930. .
- the BSS state information 900 may include load information of the BSS.
- the BSS state information may include information about an average delay in accessing the BSS.
- the average access delay may represent, for example, an average delay taken to access the BSS based on 4 bits of information as shown in Table 4 below.
- the STA that has received the BSS state information 900 may obtain information about the access delay and may know information about the access delay required until the current STA accesses the AP.
- the backhaul link up / down indicator 910 may indicate whether the currently transmitted backhaul link data rate indicator 920 and backhaul link load indicator 930 are related to uplink or downlink.
- the backhaul link uplink / downlink indicator 910 when the backhaul link uplink / downlink indicator 910 is 0, the downlink of the backhaul link is indicated. On the contrary, when the backhaul link uplink / downlink indicator 910 is 1, the uplink of the backhaul link is indicated. Can be directed. Based on the information about the backhaul link uplink / downlink indicator 910, a determination is then made whether the backhaul link data rate indicator 920 and the backhaul link load indicator 930 are related to uplink or downlink. Can be.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 920 may include information comparing the data rates of the backhaul link and the LAN link. For example, the backhaul link data rate indicator 920 may indicate a value of '0' when the backhaul link is smaller than the LAN link. In contrast, the backhaul link data rate indicator 920 may indicate a value of '1' when the backhaul link is greater than or equal to the LAN link.
- the backhaul link load indicator 930 may indicate information about the backhaul link load. For example, on the basis of 2-bit information, it may indicate whether the current load of the backhaul link has a value compared to the maximum throughput. Table 5 below shows how much the load of the backhaul link has relative to the maximum throughput based on the 2-bit information.
- the backhaul link state information element disclosed in FIG. 9 may transmit information on a backhaul link based on various other information formats as an example.
- the backhaul link state information element includes only the remaining information (backhaul link up / down indicator 910, backhaul link data rate indicator 920, backhaul link load indicator 930) except for the BSS load information 900. can do.
- the BSS load information 900 may further include STA number information and channel utilization information.
- the STA number information may indicate information about the total number of STAs combined with the BSS.
- the channel utilization information may include information about a section in which a channel is busy based on a specific section.
- the channel utilization information may include information about a ratio of a section in which a channel is detected as a busy state between beacon interval sections.
- the STA may obtain information on the time available for the STA to access the channel according to the size of the channel utilization included in the channel utilization information.
- the information on the uplink and the downlink of the backhaul link may also include information.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backhaul link state information element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the information on the uplink of the backhaul link and the information on the downlink of the backhaul link may be included to transmit the backhaul link state information element.
- the backhaul link state information element includes a backhaul link data rate indicator 1000 for the uplink, a backhaul link data rate indicator 1020 for the downlink, a backhaul link load indicator 1040 for the uplink, and It may include a backhaul link state information element including a backhaul link load indicator 1060 for the downlink.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1000 for the uplink may include information comparing the data rate of the uplink and the LAN link of the backhaul link.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1000 for the uplink may indicate a value of '0' when the uplink of the backhaul link is smaller than the LAN link.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1000 may indicate a value of '1' when the downlink of the backhaul link is greater than or equal to the LAN link.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1020 for the downlink may include information comparing the data rate of the downlink and the LAN link of the backhaul link.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1020 for the downlink may indicate a value of '0' when the downlink of the backhaul link is smaller than the LAN link.
- the backhaul link data rate indicator 1020 for the downlink may indicate a value of '1' when the downlink of the backhaul link is greater than or equal to the LAN link.
- the backhaul link load indicator 1040 for the uplink may indicate information of the backhaul link load for the uplink. For example, based on the 2-bit information of Table 5, it may indicate how much the load of the backhaul link for the current uplink has compared to the maximum throughput.
- the backhaul link load indicator 1060 for the downlink may indicate information of the backhaul link load for the downlink. For example, based on the 2-bit information of Table 5, it may indicate how much the load of the backhaul link on the current downlink has compared to the maximum throughput.
- the STA may request backhaul link state information from the AP and receive backhaul link state information from the AP based on the probe request frame and the probe response frame.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a probe request frame / probe response frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a GAS request information element 1100 is included in the probe request frame and a GAS response information element 1150 is included in the probe response frame to transmit separate GAS request frames and GAS response frames. The procedure may not be used.
- the GAS request information element 1100 may include at least one of the information included in the GAS request frame.
- the GAS response information element 1150 may include at least one of the information included in the GAS response frame.
- the STA may receive a response from the AP using the GAS response frame separately.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a GAS request information element included in a probe request frame.
- the GAS request information element 1100 may be included in the frame body of the probe request frame.
- the GAS request information element 1100 may include at least one of the information included in the above-described GAS request frame.
- the GAS request information element 1100 may include an advertisement protocol element and a query request element.
- the advertising protocol element may include information on which protocol to obtain network information from the AP.
- the advertising protocol element may define various protocols (eg, ANQPs) for obtaining network information from the AP.
- Various protocols for obtaining network information from an AP are defined in Table 8-175—Advertisement protocol ID definitions of the IEEE 802.11 8.4.2.95 Advertisement Protocol element.
- the query request element may include network information requested by the STA based on the protocol defined in the advertisement protocol element.
- FIG. 11 shows the GAS response information element 1150 included in the probe response frame.
- the GAS response information element 1150 may be included in the frame body of the probe response frame.
- the GAS response information element 1150 may include at least one of the information included in the above-described GAS response frame.
- the GAS response information element 1150 may include an advertisement protocol element and a query request element.
- the advertising protocol element may include information about the protocol used to obtain network information from the AP.
- the query response element may include network information to which the AP responds based on the protocol defined in the advertisement protocol element.
- a request for information on the network is transmitted by passing a GAS initial request frame to an AP or an AS, and a GAS initial response frame or a GAS comeback Response information may be obtained through the response frame.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of accessing an AP based on backhaul link state information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a method of specifying and transmitting one AP to receive backhaul link state information when the STA transmits a GAS request frame.
- an STA multicasts a GAS request frame to obtain backhaul link state information.
- the delay may occur until the STA receives a GAS response frame from each AP.
- an embodiment of the present invention obtains backhaul link state information of a plurality of APs by receiving one GAS response frame by transmitting a GAS response frame including backhaul link state information of another AP from one AP. can do.
- the STA 1200 may multicast the GAS request frame to the first AP 1210, the second AP 1220, and the third AP 1230 having the same SSID.
- the multicasted GAS request frame may include a wild card basic service set identifier (BSSID) in an address field, and may be multicasted by including information on a service set identifier (SSID) of the AP in a frame body.
- BSSID basic service set identifier
- SSID service set identifier
- the first AP 1210 and the second AP 1220 at one of the first AP 1210, the second AP 1220 and the third AP 1230, which received the GAS request frame. And a GAS response frame including backhaul link state information for the third AP 1230.
- each backhaul link state information is transmitted and received through an interface between the first AP 1210, the second AP 1220, and the third AP 1230, and one representative AP 1220 is provided.
- the backhaul link state information may be collected and transmitted to the STA 1200.
- the representative AP 1220 transmitting the GAS response frame may be determined in various ways. For example, each AP exchanges backhaul link state information through an interface between the first AP 1210, the second AP 1220, and the third AP 1230, and the AP having the best backhaul link state is the representative AP ( 1220 and transmit a GAS response frame.
- the STA 1200 may specify and transmit information on the representative AP 1220 to transmit the backhaul link state information.
- each of the APs 1210 and 1230 may transmit backhaul link state information to the representative AP 1220, and the representative AP 1220 may transmit backhaul link state information transmitted by the other APs 1210 and 1230 and its own.
- the GAS response frame including the backhaul link state information may be generated and transmitted to the STA 1200.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a GAS request frame and a GAS response frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the GAS request frame may include information on the representative AP to transmit the GAS response frame.
- the GAS request frame may include information 1300 about the representative AP.
- the information 1300 about the representative AP may include information for specifying an AP that transmits backhaul link information to the representative through a GAS response frame.
- the GAS response frame may include an identifier of the AP and backhaul link state information.
- the first AP identifier 1310, the first AP backhaul link state information 1315, the second AP identifier 1320, the second AP backhaul link state information 1325, the third AP identifier 1330, Third AP backhaul link state information 1335 may be included. If the representative AP is the third AP, the identifier information 1330 of the third AP may not be separately displayed.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
- the wireless device 1400 is an STA capable of implementing the above-described embodiment and may be an AP or a non-AP STA.
- the wireless device 1400 includes a processor 1420, a memory 1440, and a radio frequency unit 1460.
- the RF unit 1460 may be connected to the processor 1420 to transmit / receive a radio signal.
- the processor 1420 implements the functions, processes, and / or methods proposed in the present invention.
- the processor 1420 may be implemented to perform the operation of the wireless device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the processor 1420 may be implemented to transmit a GAS request frame requesting the backhaul link state information of the AP to the AP and receive a GAS response frame including the backhaul link state information in response to the GAS request frame.
- the GAS request frame is a frame that is transmitted after the STA performs a scanning procedure for an AP and before performing an authentication procedure or a joining procedure and requests information related to availability of a network that the STA wants to access. It may include information on the load of the backhaul link connecting other network devices.
- the processor 1420 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, a data processing device, and / or a converter for translating baseband signals and wireless signals.
- the memory 1440 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and / or other storage device.
- the RF unit 1460 may include one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving a radio signal.
- the above-described technique may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) for performing the above-described function.
- the module may be stored in the memory 1440 and executed by the processor 1420.
- the memory 1440 may be inside or outside the processor 1420 and may be connected to the processor 1420 by various well-known means.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- STA(station)의 백홀(backhaul) 링크 상태 정보를 획득하는 방법에 있어서,
상기 STA이 AP(access point)의 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 요청하는 GAS(generic advertisement service) 요청 프레임을 상기 AP로 전송하는 단계; 및
상기 STA이 상기 GAS 요청 프레임에 대한 응답으로 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보가 포함된 GAS 응답 프레임을 수신하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 상기 STA이 상기 AP에 대한 스캐닝 절차 이후, 인증 절차 또는 결합 절차를 수행하기 전에 전송되어 상기 STA이 액세스하고자 하는 네트워크의 가용성에 관련된 정보를 요청하는 프레임이고,
상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는 상기 AP와 상기 STA을 제외한 다른 네트워크 장치를 연결하는 백홀 링크의 부하에 대한 정보를 포함하는 백홀 링크 상태 정보 획득 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는,
백홀 링크 업/다운 지시자, 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자 및 백홀 링크 부하 지시자를 포함하고,
상기 백홀 링크 업/다운 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자 및 백홀 링크 부하 지시자에 포함된 정보가 상기 백홀 링크의 업링크에 대한 것인지 상기 백홀 링크의 다운링크에 대한 것인지를 지시하고,
상기 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크의 데이터 레이트와 LAN(local access network) 링크의 데이터 레이트의 크기를 비교한 정보를 포함하고,
백홀 링크 부하 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크의 처리 가능한 부하량을 기반으로 결정된 상기 백홀 링크의 부하에 대한 정보인 백홀 링크 상태 정보 획득 방법. - 제2항에 있어서,
상기 백홀 링크 부하 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크에서 처리가 가능한 최대 부하량을 기준으로 상기 최대 부하량과 상기 백홀 링크의 현재 부하량의 비율에 대한 정보를 포함하는 백홀 링크 상태 정보 획득 방법. - 제2항에 있어서, 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는,
BSS(basic service set) 부하 정보를 더 포함하고 상기 BSS 부하 정보는 상기 AP로 상기 STA이 액세스하기까지의 액세스 딜레이에 대한 정보 및 상기 STA이 상기 AP로 액세스할 수 없음을 지시하는 정보, 상기 액세스 딜레이를 측정할 수 없음을 지시하는 정보 중 하나의 정보를 포함하는 백홀 링크 상태 정보 획득 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 주소 필드에 와일드카드 BSSID(basic service set identifier)가 포함되고, 프레임 바디에 상기 AP의 SSID(service set identifier)에 대한 정보를 포함하여 멀티캐스트되고,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 대표 AP에 대한 정보를 포함하고,
상기 대표 AP에 대한 정보는 상기 SSID에 대응되는 적어도 하나의 AP의 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 포함하여 전송하는 AP를 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 GAS 응답 프레임은 상기 대표 AP로부터만 전송되고, 상기 GAS 응답 프레임은 상기 SSID에 대응되는 상기 적어도 하나의 AP의 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 포함하는 백홀 링크 상태 정보 획득 방법. - 무선랜 네트워크에서 동작하는 STA(station)에 있어서, 상기 STA은,
무선 신호를 송신 및 수신하기 위해 구현된 RF(radio frequency)부; 및
상기 RF부와 선택적으로 연결되는 프로세서를 포함하되, 상기 프로세서는,
AP(access point)의 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 요청하는 GAS(generic advertisement service) 요청 프레임을 상기 AP로 전송하고,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임에 대한 응답으로 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보가 포함된 GAS 응답 프레임을 수신하도록 구현되되,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 상기 STA이 상기 AP에 대한 스캐닝 절차 이후, 인증 절차 또는 결합 절차를 수행하기 전에 전송되어 상기 STA이 액세스하고자 하는 네트워크의 가용성에 관련된 정보를 요청하는 프레임이고,
상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는 상기 AP와 상기 STA을 제외한 다른 네트워크 장치를 연결하는 백홀 링크의 부하에 대한 정보를 포함하는 STA. - 제6항에 있어서, 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는,
백홀 링크 업/다운 지시자, 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자 및 백홀 링크 부하 지시자를 포함하고,
상기 백홀 링크 업/다운 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자 및 백홀 링크 부하 지시자에 포함된 정보가 상기 백홀 링크의 업링크에 대한 것인지 상기 백홀 링크의 다운링크에 대한 것인지를 지시하고,
상기 백홀 링크 데이터 레이트 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크의 데이터 레이트와 LAN(local access network) 링크의 데이터 레이트의 크기를 비교한 정보를 포함하고,
백홀 링크 부하 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크의 처리 가능한 부하량을 기반으로 결정된 상기 백홀 링크의 부하에 대한 정보인 STA.
- 제7항에 있어서,
상기 백홀 링크 부하 지시자는 상기 백홀 링크에서 처리가 가능한 최대 부하량을 기준으로 상기 최대 부하량과 상기 백홀 링크의 현재 부하량의 비율에 대한 정보를 포함하는 STA. - 제7항에 있어서, 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보는,
BSS(basic service set) 부하 정보를 더 포함하고 상기 BSS 부하 정보는 상기 AP로 상기 STA이 액세스하기까지의 액세스 딜레이에 대한 정보 및 상기 STA이 상기 AP로 액세스할 수 없음을 지시하는 정보, 상기 액세스 딜레이를 측정할 수 없음을 지시하는 정보 중 하나의 정보를 포함하는 STA. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 주소 필드에 와일드카드 BSSID(basic service set identifier)가 포함되고, 프레임 바디에 상기 AP의 SSID(service set identifier)에 대한 정보를 포함하여 멀티캐스트되고
상기 GAS 요청 프레임은 대표 AP에 대한 정보를 포함하고,
상기 대표 AP에 대한 정보는 상기 SSID에 대응되는 적어도 하나의 AP의 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 포함하여 전송하는 AP를 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 GAS 응답 프레임은 상기 대표 AP로부터만 전송되고, 상기 GAS 응답 프레임은 상기 SSID에 대응되는 상기 적어도 하나의 AP의 상기 백홀 링크 상태 정보를 포함하는 STA.
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US14/431,697 US9609580B2 (en) | 2012-12-12 | 2013-12-12 | Method and apparatus for transmitting backhaul link information |
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US20150237568A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
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