WO2014089958A1 - 一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法 - Google Patents

一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法 Download PDF

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WO2014089958A1
WO2014089958A1 PCT/CN2013/076697 CN2013076697W WO2014089958A1 WO 2014089958 A1 WO2014089958 A1 WO 2014089958A1 CN 2013076697 W CN2013076697 W CN 2013076697W WO 2014089958 A1 WO2014089958 A1 WO 2014089958A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
fault
distribution network
recovery
distributed power
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PCT/CN2013/076697
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柳劲松
周健
时珊珊
徐琴
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上海市电力公司
华东电力试验研究院有限公司
国家电网公司
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Application filed by 上海市电力公司, 华东电力试验研究院有限公司, 国家电网公司 filed Critical 上海市电力公司
Publication of WO2014089958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014089958A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of operation and management of a distribution network, and in particular relates to a method for fault isolation and recovery for a distribution network. Background technique
  • Feeder automation is an important part of distribution network automation. It can quickly isolate faults, restore power supply in non-faulty areas, and improve the reliability of distribution network.
  • the announcement date is January 19, 2011, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN 101552461B, and discloses a "including distributed power supply distribution network protection method", which has one or one for the distribution network bus.
  • the direction longitudinal protection device is installed, and the time-limited overcurrent protection mode with directional components is used in the area;
  • the direction longitudinal protection device is installed, and the overcurrent protection device is installed in the downstream area, and
  • the entire area uses inverse time overcurrent protection. It can be seen that the technical solution mainly improves the conventional current protection configuration to ensure reliable removal of the fault of the DG distribution system.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distribution network fault isolation and recovery method for implementing a distributed distributed power source, which is based on an intelligent distributed feeder automation mode to implement fault isolation of a distribution network including distributed power sources.
  • the recovery process the degree of intelligence in the troubleshooting and recovery process is high, the judgment is rapid and accurate, and the logic conditions can be modified and supplemented according to the actual topology of the power grid to provide scheduling and operation management for the distribution network including distributed power sources. Guaranteed.
  • a distribution network fault isolation and recovery method for implementing a distributed distributed power source including fault isolation and recovery of a distribution network, characterized in that -
  • the distribution network fault isolation and recovery method is based on an intelligent distributed feeder automation mode to realize distribution network fault isolation and recovery of a distributed distributed power source;
  • each FA intelligent substation controller is grouped into a queue for continuous monitoring, and the voltage, switch position, fault status of the feeder line are shared between the FA intelligent substation controllers, Information such as the access status of the distributed power source;
  • the feeder switch controller where the fault occurs is judged after the relevant signal is learned, and the switch before and after the fault point performs a "trip" action, thereby automatically cutting off the fault; 1-4) Through the peer-to-peer communication between the FA intelligent substation controllers, other switches in the group get information about which switch has been cut off;
  • each switch will automatically decide whether to perform the "closed” operation according to its position in the feeder, and quickly restore the power supply to the normal interval of the line according to the "recovery process";
  • the "fault start” condition is that the relay protection signal of the outlet circuit breaker and the "opening" status signal are received, and the switch is in the "pressure loss” state, waiting for the first time setting value, ensuring distributed The power is connected to the network.
  • the first time set value described above is 5 seconds.
  • the FA intelligent substation controller starts from the outlet circuit breaker, notifies the switch status and the fault information to the relevant switch, determines the fault position by the controller, and isolates the fault point before and after the switch, and is connected to the distributed power source.
  • the switch transmits the state of the grid point switch to the control unit of the outlet breaker.
  • the peer-to-peer communication described is realized by the communication network of each FA intelligent substation controller and the switch position status message.
  • the fault isolation logic thereof is
  • the recovery process described therein begins simultaneously with the exit breaker and the tie switch; the fault recovery logic is
  • the tie switch will close, and after successful, notify the adjacent switch to the direction of the exit breaker;
  • a switch If a switch successfully trips and receives an adjacent switch to successfully recover the message, it enters the recovery process; there is a disconnected switch around the switch, which is itself a voltage-loss switch and there is no overcurrent, if the surrounding is a loss of voltage but the flow switch Or if there are two overcurrent switches or the switch itself is an end switch that directly connects the load, then the switch will close;
  • the surrounding switches must be notified when each switch is closed to prevent the ring from running.
  • the grid-connected condition is the grid-connected condition of the conventional grid power generation equipment. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are -
  • the intelligent distributed feeder automation mode is introduced, which has high intelligence in the troubleshooting and recovery process, and the judgment is rapid and accurate.
  • the logic conditions can be based on the grid.
  • the actual topology is modified and supplemented;
  • the entire control mode is based on existing equipment and is not limited by existing equipment. With the continuous upgrading of smart grid equipment, the control strategy can be continuously adjusted and supplemented, regardless of the specific structure of the hardware;
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the flow of the method of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the flow of calculating the load of adjacent feeder segments
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the flow of finding a contact switch
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the flow of the fault start condition
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of switches in a special case. detailed description
  • the present invention provides a distribution network fault isolation and recovery method for implementing a distributed distributed power source, including fault isolation and recovery of a distribution network, and the technical solution of the invention lies in that -
  • the distribution network fault isolation and recovery method is based on intelligent distributed feeder automation mode to realize distribution network fault isolation and recovery of distributed power supply-
  • each FA intelligent substation controller is grouped into a queue for continuous monitoring, and the voltage, switch position, fault status of the feeder line are shared between the FA intelligent substation controllers, Information such as the access status of the distributed power source;
  • each switch will automatically decide whether to immediately “trip” according to its position in the system to cut off the fault, quickly isolate the fault point, or perform a “closed” operation, press " The recovery process "rapidly restores power to the normal section of the line;
  • the "fault start” condition is that the relay protection signal and the "open” status signal of the outlet circuit breaker are received, and the switch is in the "pressure loss” state, waiting for the first time setting value (5 seconds) , to ensure that distributed power is connected to the grid.
  • the FA intelligent substation controller starts from the outlet circuit breaker, transmits the switch state and the fault information backward, and the switch is sequentially isolated.
  • the switch connected to the distributed power source transmits the state of the grid point switch to the exit.
  • the control unit of the circuit breaker After the fault occurs, the FA intelligent substation controller starts from the outlet circuit breaker, transmits the switch state and the fault information backward, and the switch is sequentially isolated.
  • the switch connected to the distributed power source transmits the state of the grid point switch to the exit.
  • the control unit of the circuit breaker is the FA intelligent substation controller.
  • Feeder automation refers to the automation of the feeder line between the substation outlet and the user's electrical equipment.
  • the content can be summarized into two aspects: First, user detection, data measurement and operation optimization under normal conditions; It is fault detection, fault isolation, transfer and recovery power control in the event of an accident.
  • Feeder automation is an important part of distribution network automation. To achieve feeder automation, you need Reasonable distribution network structure, with ring network power supply conditions; The operation mechanism of each ring network switch, load switch and terminal switch in the final stage must have remote operation function; the ring network switch cabinet must have reliable switch operation power supply and A working power supply for FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit) and communication equipment; a reliable communication system that is not affected by the external environment.
  • FTU Field Terminal Unit
  • the load is measured by the current
  • Each switch sets its own rated current according to the daily operating state
  • the load value used in the fault recovery is the load value before the fault, and the power flow calculation value can be used instead in the simulation program.
  • the tie switch and the outlet breaker are the starting points for recovery
  • the calculation of the contact switch is repeated at regular intervals
  • Fault start condition The fault must have a start condition, otherwise the normal switch will be closed and the repair will be treated as a fault. After the fault occurs, starting from the outlet circuit breaker, the switch state and the fault information are transmitted backwards, the switches are sequentially isolated, and the switch connected to the distributed power source transmits the state of the grid-connected switch to the control unit of the outlet circuit breaker;
  • Start condition Receive the protection signal and sub-state of the outlet breaker, and the switch loses pressure, wait for a period of time (5S) to ensure that the distributed power supply is connected to the grid.
  • Fault isolation logic The isolation logic is detailed as follows - If a switch receives a fault message and is in a state of loss of voltage (to prevent the normally functioning switch from being tripped by the fault signal); then the switch is opened and the fault message is directed Pass the next level.
  • the switch If the switch is rejected, it cannot be tripped, recorded as a reject status, and the rejection status is notified to the adjacent switch.
  • the recovery process begins simultaneously with the outlet breaker and the tie breaker.
  • a switch If a switch successfully trips and receives a successful recovery message from the adjacent switch, it enters the recovery process; there is a disconnected switch around the switch (to prevent closed-loop operation after opening and closing), itself is a loss-of-voltage switch and there is no overcurrent, if There are pressure loss around but no flow switch or two overcurrent switches or this switch As an end switch that directly connects the load, the switch will close;
  • switch "rejection" situation analysis If the switch itself is a reject switch, run the fault recovery logic, determine the action that you want to complete, and then pass the reject information and the action you want to complete to the adjacent switch;
  • the fault cannot be changed during the fault handling.
  • the b and c switches remain in the "open" state before the fault, and cannot be closed during the recovery process after the fault. To prevent closing under inspection.
  • the distributed power supply automatically performs "synchronous grid connection" operation.
  • the automatic grid-connected condition is the grid-connected condition of the conventional grid power generation equipment, which is a conventional technical means and will not be described here.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is based on an intelligent distributed feeder automation mode to implement a fault isolation and recovery process of a distribution network including a pervasive distributed power source, the degree of intelligence in the troubleshooting and recovery process is high, and the judgment is rapid and accurate, and logic Conditions can be modified and supplemented according to the actual topology of the grid.
  • the entire control mode is based on existing equipment and is not limited by existing equipment. Upgrades, control strategies can be continuously adjusted and supplemented to provide assurance for the dispatching and operation management of distribution networks that contain distributed power.
  • the invention can be widely used in the fields of scheduling, operation management and fault emergency treatment of smart grids.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法,属配电网运行管理领域。其特征是基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式,来实现包含有分布式电源的配电网的故障隔离和恢复过程,其故障排除和恢复过程中智能化程度高,判断迅速、准确,逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充,整个控制模式基于现有设备,又不受现有设备的限制,随着智能电网设备的不断升级,各种动作逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充,便于计算机仿真和故障潮流分析,为包含有渗透分布式电源的配电网的调度和运行管理提供了保证。可广泛用于智能电网的调度、运行管理和故障应急处理领域。

Description

说 明 书 一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法 技术领域
本发明属于配电网的运行和管理领域, 尤其涉及一种用于配电网的故障隔离 和恢复方法。 背景技术
自上个世纪 90年代以来, 分布式发电发展迅速, 世界上许多国家都把可再 生能源作为能源政策的基础, 分布式发电的发展己经成为世界各国可持续发展的 标尺。
我国分布式发电发展较晚, 近年来, 淸洁能源分布式发电才开始起步。 近年 来, 我国分布式电源发展迅速。
目前, 分布式电源的大量快速发展, 对于国家扶持政策和电网的入网支持提 出了严峻的挑战。
随着大量分布式发电接入城市配电网,会带来电能质量、对继电保护的影响、 短路电流分布、 孤岛运行等诸多新的技术和管理问题。 而当分布式电源渗透到 10kV 馈线上时, 原有的馈线自动化解决方案不能处理馈线故障问题。 当馈线上 发生故障时, 变电站出口电源和馈线上的分布式电源都会给故障点的故障电流带 来贡献, 故故障电流是双向的, 这样原有馈线自动化中配网终端的故障检测机制 要重新设计; 另一方面, 故障处理和恢复过程中, 分布式电源给供电服务恢复从 技术和管理方面都带来很多需要考虑的问题。
馈线自动化是配网自动化的重要组成部分, 它能迅速隔离故障, 恢复非故障 区域的供电, 提高配网的供电可靠性。
目前, 国内、 外的研究主要的焦点在于分布式电源对配网保护的影响、 配网 潮流的变化部分, 专门研究含 DG (distribute dgeneration, 分布式电源) 的馈线 自动化解决方案比较少。
在国内, 燕山大学学者卢志刚、 董玉香在《电力***自动化》 2007年第一期 上发表了文章"含分布式电源的配电网故障恢复策略", 提出了一种新的考虑 DG 的故障恢复策略, 在有意识的孤岛运行模式下, 采用改进的前推回代法对含有 DG的配电网计算了配网潮流, 给出了考虑 DG的配电网故障恢复步骤和实例仿 真。
公告日为 2011年 1月 19日,授权公告号为 CN 101552461B的中国发明专利, 公开了一种 "含分布式电源配电网保护方法" , 其对于在配电网母线处接有一个 或一个以上的分布式电源的情况, 在接入分布式电源配电网的上游区域, 加装方 向纵联保护装置, 同时在该区域采用带有方向元件的定时限过电流保护方式; 对 于在配电网非母线之处接有至少一个分布式电源的情况, 在接入分布式电源配电 网的上游区域, 加装方向纵联保护装置, 在其下游区域, 加装过电流保护装置, 并对整个区域采用反时限过电流保护方式。 可见, 该技术方案主要通过对传统的 电流保护配置进行改进, 来保证含 DG配电***故障的可靠切除。 由于其只是局 限于传统的常规继电保护***, 且其发明目的是对发生故障的分布式电源的迅速 切除, 没有从整个配电网络的角度来观察、 解决问题, 缺乏整体电网调度和管理 的视野, 不能适应现在己经智能化的配电网的运行、 调度和管理水平。
至于含分布式电源的馈线自动化 FA (feeder automation) 解决方案, 未见有 开发应用, 在供电公司也没有应用实例。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障 隔离和恢复方法, 其基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式, 来实现包含有分布式电源 的配电网的故障隔离和恢复过程, 其故障排除和恢复过程中智能化程度高, 判断 迅速、 准确, 逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充, 为包含有分 布式电源的配电网的调度和运行管理提供了保证。
本发明的技术方案是: 一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 包括配电网的故障隔离和恢复, 其特征是-
1-1) 所述的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式 来实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复;
1-2) 在满足 "故障启动"条件后, 把各 FA智能子站控制器组成一个队列进 行连续监视, 并且各 FA智能子站控制器之间共享馈线线路的电压、 开关位置、 故障状态、 分布式电源的接入状态等信息;
1-3) 发生故障所在馈线开关控制器在获悉相关信号后进行故障判断,故障 点前后的开关执行"跳闸"动作, 从而将故障自动切除; 1-4) 通过各 FA智能子站控制器之间的对等通讯, 组内其它开关得到关于 哪个开关己经切除的信息;
1-5) 依据故障隔离逻辑和故障恢复逻辑,每个开关将根据自己在馈线中的 位置, 自动决定是否执行"闭合"操作, 按"恢复过程"迅速恢复对该线路正常区间 的供电;
1-6) 如果满足并网条件, 分布式电源自动进行 "同期并网"运行;
1-7) 执行故障后处理操作。
其中, 所述的 "故障启动"条件为接收到出口断路器的继电保护信号和"分闸" 状态信号, 且本开关处于"失压"状态, 等待第一时间设定值, 确保分布式电源并 网。
上述的第一时间设定值是 5秒。
在故障发生以后, 所述的 FA智能子站控制器从出口断路器开始, 将开关状 态和故障信息通知给相关开关, 由所在控制器确定故障位置, 故障点前后开关隔 离, 与分布式电源相连的开关将并网点开关的状态传给出口断路器的控制单元。
其所述的对等通讯通过各 FA智能子站控制器的通讯网络和开关位置状态报 文来实现。
具体的, 其所述的故障隔离逻辑为
6-1 )如果一个开关收到故障报文且自身处于"失压"状态, 则跳开开关, 同 时将故障报文向下一级传递;
6-2) 从出口断路器开始, 到联络开关前, 所有开关依次跳开。 6-3 ) 如果 本开关拒动不能跳开, 记录为"拒分"状态, 将"拒分"状态通知临近开关, 故障处 理终止;
6-4) 如果下一级的开关通信不成功, 记录周围有通信不畅的开关, 故障处 理终止。
其所述的恢复过程从出口断路器和联络开关同时开始; 所述的故障恢复逻 辑为
7-1 ) 对于出口断路器和联络开关-
A、 如果一个开关是出口断路器, 周围没有过流的开关, 则出口断路器 闭合;
周围有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关, 则断路器会闭合, 动作成功后 通知临近开关; B、 如果一个开关是联络开关, 周围有过流的开关, 则联络开关保持分 闸;
周围没有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关, 则联络开关会闭合, 成功后 向出口断路器方向通知临近开关;
7-2) 对于其它开关:
如果一个开关成功跳开,收到相邻开关成功恢复报文,则进入恢复过程; 开关周围有断开的开关, 本身为失压开关且没有过流, 如果周围皆为失 压却不过流开关或者有两个过流开关或者此开关本身为直接连接负载的末端开 关, 则此开关会闭合;
开关周围有断开的开关, 本身为失压开关但是过流, 如果周围有两个过 流开关; 则此开关会闭合, 否则保持分开状态;
每个开关合闸时必须通知周围开关, 以防止合环运行。
其所述的并网条件为常规电网发电设备并网条件。 与现有技术比较, 本发明的优点是-
1.对于包含有分布式电源的配电网的故障隔离和恢复过程, 引入了智能分布 式馈线自动化模式, 其故障排除和恢复过程中智能化程度高, 判断迅速、 准确, 逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充;
2. 整个控制模式基于现有设备, 又不受现有设备的限制, 随着智能电网设备 的不断升级, 控制策略可以不断调整和补充, 与硬件具体结构无关;
3. 各种动作逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充,便于计算 机仿真和故障潮流分析, 为包含有渗透分布式电源的配电网的调度和运行管理提 供了保证。 附图概述
图 1是本发明的方法流程方框示意图;
图 2是计算相邻馈线段负荷的流程方框示意图;
图 3是寻找联络开关的流程方框示意图;
图 4是故障启动条件的流程方框示意图;
图 5是特殊情况处理的开关位置关系示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
图 1中,本发明提供了一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 包括配电网的故障隔离和恢复, 其技术方案的发明点在于-
1-1 ) 所述的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式来 实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复-
1-2) 在满足 "故障启动"条件后, 把各 FA智能子站控制器组成一个队列进行 连续监视, 并且各 FA智能子站控制器之间共享馈线线路的电压、 开关位置、 故 障状态、 分布式电源的接入状态等信息;
1-3) 发生故障所在馈线开关在获悉"过流"或"失压"信号后进行故障判断, 通 过继电保护***发出 "跳间"信号, 该开关执行"跳间"动作, 从而将故障自动切除;
1-4) 通过各 FA智能子站控制器之间的对等通讯, 组内其它开关得到关于哪 个开关己经切除的信息;
1-5) 依据故障隔离逻辑和故障恢复逻辑,每个开关将根据自己在***中的位 置, 自动决定是立即"跳闸"以切除故障、 快速隔离故障点, 还是执行"闭合"操作, 按"恢复过程"迅速恢复对该线路正常区间的供电;
1-6) 如果满足并网条件, 分布式电源自动进行 "同期并网"运行;
1-7) 执行故障后处理操作。
其中, 所述的 "故障启动"条件为接收到出口断路器的继电保护信号和"分闸" 状态信号, 且本开关处于"失压"状态, 等待第一时间设定值 (5 秒) , 确保分布 式电源并网。
在故障发生以后, 所述的 FA智能子站控制器从出口断路器开始, 将开关状 态和故障信息向后传递, 开关依次隔离, 与分布式电源相连的开关将并网点开关 的状态传给出口断路器的控制单元。
其所述的对等通讯通过各 FA智能子站控制器的通讯网络和开关位置状态报 文来实现。 馈线自动化 (feeder automation, FA)是指变电站出线到用户用电设备之间的馈 电线路自动化, 其内容可以归纳为两大方面: 一是正常情况下的用户检测、 资料 测量和运行优化; 二是事故状态下的故障检测、故障隔离、转移和恢复供电控制。
馈线自动化是配电网自动化的重要组成部分。 要实现馈线自动化, 需要 合理的配电网结构, 具备环网供电的条件; 各环网开关、 负荷开关和末级配 电站内开关的操作机构必须具有远方操作功能; 环网开关柜内必须具备可靠 的开关操作电源和供 FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit, 馈线终端单元)、 通信设备 用的工作电源; 具备可靠的、 不受外界环境影响的通信***。
由上述内容可知, FA的基本逻辑动作过程如下:
1.初始化, 读本开关和相邻开关的必要信息;
2. 计算相邻馈线段负荷;
3.判断本开关是否是联络开关;
4.故障启动条件;
5.故障隔离过程;
6.故障恢复过程;
7.故障后的处理。
具体的, 其详细步骤如下:
1. 初始化:
取得本单元内以及和本单元相邻开关、 直接接入的 DG的参数信息。
2. 计算馈线段的负荷- 计算每个馈线段的负荷是为恢复时提供转供依据;
实际模块里, 负荷用电流来衡量;
每个开关根据日常运行时状态设置自己的额定电流;
故障恢复时利用的负荷值是故障前的负荷值,在仿真程序中可取潮流计算 值代替。
上述步骤和逻辑关系如图 2所示。
3. 寻找联络开关:
联络开关和出口断路器是恢复的起点;
联络开关的计算, 定时不断重复进行;
考虑同时为出口断路器的情形;
考虑多电源的情形。
上述步骤和逻辑关系如图 3所示。
4. 故障启动条件- 故障处理必须有启动条件, 否则正常的开关闭合、 检修也会当成故障来 处理; 故障发生以后, 从出口断路器开始, 将开关状态和故障信息向后传递, 开关依次隔离, 与分布式电源相连的开关将并网点开关的状态传给出口断路器的 控制单元;
启动条件: 接收到出口断路器的保护信号和分状态, 且本开关失压, 等 待一段时间 (5S) , 确保分布式电源并网。
上述步骤和逻辑关系如图 4所示。
5. 故障隔离逻辑- 隔离逻辑详述如下- 如果一个开关收到故障报文且自身处于失压状态(防止正常工作的开关受 到故障信号跳开) ; 则跳开开关, 同时将故障报文向下一级传递。
如果本开关拒动, 即不能跳开, 记录为拒分状态, 将拒分状态通知临近开 关。
如果下一级的开关通信不成功, 记录周围有通信不畅的开关。
从隔离过程来看,从出口断路器开始,到联络开关前,所有开关依次跳开。
6. 故障恢复逻辑- 恢复算法详述如下:
恢复过程从出口断路器和联络开关同时开始。
A、 对于出口断路器和联络开关- Al、 如果一个开关是出口断路器- 周围没有过流的开关(即短路发生在断路器出线一侧) , 则断路器不会闭 合. 周围有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关 (防止环网) , 则断路器会闭合, 动作成功后通知临近开关;
A2, 如果一个开关是联络开关:
周围有过流的开关(即短路发生在联络开关一侧),则联络开关保持分闸; 周围没有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关 (防止环网) , 则联络开关会闭 合, 成功后向出口断路器方向通知临近开关;
B、 对于其它开关:
如果一个开关成功跳开, 收到相邻开关成功恢复报文, 则进入恢复过程; 开关周围有断开的开关(防止开关闭后造成闭环运行) , 本身为失压开关 且没有过流, 如果周围皆为失压却不过流开关或者有两个过流开关或者此开关本 身为直接连接负载的末端开关, 则此开关会闭合;
开关周围有断开的开关(防止开关闭后造成闭环运行) , 本身为失压开关 但是过流, 如果周围有两个过流开关; 则此开关会闭合, 否则保持分开状态; 每个开关合闸时必须通知周围开关, 防止合环运行, 考虑对端电源的负荷 转供能力;
异常情况处理 -
C, 开关 "拒分"情况分析- 开关本身若为拒分开关, 运行故障恢复逻辑, 确定自己想要完成的动作, 然后将拒分信息以及想完成的动作传递给相邻开关;
开关相邻存在拒分开关, 收到恢复信号, 满足合闸条件, 而
拒分开关本身需要合闸, 则此开关执行 "闭合"操作;
拒分开关本身需要跳闸, 则此开关执行 "断开"操作;
D、 开关拒合与通信不畅情况分析- 拒合开关由于不能闭合, 因此不能将恢复信号向周围传递, 这一侧恢复 过程结束;
如果周围有通信不畅的开关, 则开关状态保持不变。
对于故障前失电的区域, 故障处理中不能改变, 例如在图 5所示的情况中, 故障前 b、 c 开关保持在 "分闸"状态, 在故障后的恢复过程中也不能合闸, 以 防止检修状态下合闸。
如果满足并网条件, 分布式电源自动进行 "同期并网"运行。 其自动并网条件 为常规电网发电设备的并网条件, 属常规技术手段, 在此不再叙述。 以上的各实施例仅仅是用来解释和说明本发明的, 而并非用作对本发明技术 方案的限定; 本领域的普通技术人员应当认识到, 只要在本发明的实质精神范围 内, 对以上实施例的变化、变形, 都将落在本发明权利要求所要求的保护范围内。 工业应用性
由于本发明的技术方案基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式来实现包含有渗透 分布式电源的配电网的故障隔离和恢复过程, 其故障排除和恢复过程中智能化程 度高, 判断迅速、 准确, 逻辑条件可根据电网的实际拓扑结构进行修改和补充, 整个控制模式基于现有设备, 又不受现有设备的限制, 随着智能电网设备的不断 升级, 控制策略可以不断调整和补充, 为包含有分布式电源的配电网的调度和运 行管理提供了保证。
本发明可广泛用于智能电网的调度、 运行管理和故障应急处理领域。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法,包括配电网的故 障隔离和恢复, 其特征是-
1-1) 所述的配电网故障隔离和恢复方法基于智能分布式馈线自动化模式 来实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复;
1-2) 在满足 "故障启动"条件后, 把各 FA智能子站控制器组成一个队列进 行连续监视, 并且各 FA智能子站控制器之间共享馈线线路的电压、 开关位置、 故障状态、 分布式电源的接入状态等信息;
1-3) 发生故障所在馈线开关控制器在获悉相关信号后进行故障判断,故障 点前后的开关执行"跳闸"动作, 从而将故障自动切除;
1-4) 通过各 FA智能子站控制器之间的对等通讯, 组内其它开关得到关于 哪个开关己经切除的信息;
1-5) 依据故障隔离逻辑和故障恢复逻辑,每个开关将根据自己在馈线中的 位置, 自动决定是否执行"闭合"操作, 按"恢复过程"迅速恢复对该线路正常区间 的供电;
1-6) 如果满足并网条件, 分布式电源自动进行 "同期并网"运行;
1-7) 执行故障后处理操作。
2.按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是所述的"故障启动"条件为接收到出口断路器的继电保护信号和"分 闸"状态信号, 且本开关处于"失压"状态, 等待第一时间设定值, 确保分布式电源 并网。
3. 按照权利要求 2 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是所述的第一时间设定值是 5秒。
4. 按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是在故障发生以后, 所述的 FA智能子站控制器从出口断路器开始, 将开关状态和故障信息通知给相关开关, 由所在控制器确定故障位置, 故障点前 后开关隔离, 与分布式电源相连的开关将并网点开关的状态传给出口断路器的控 制单元。
5. 按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是所述的对等通讯通过各 FA智能子站控制器的通讯网络和开关位置 状态报文来实现。
6. 按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是所述的故障隔离逻辑为
6-1 )如果一个开关收到故障报文且自身处于"失压"状态, 则跳开开关, 同 时将故障报文向下一级传递;
6-2) 从出口断路器开始, 到联络开关前, 所有开关依次跳开。 6-3 ) 如果 本开关拒动不能跳开, 记录为"拒分"状态, 将"拒分"状态通知临近开关, 故障处 理终止;
6-4) 如果下一级的开关通信不成功, 记录周围有通信不畅的开关, 故障处 理终止。
7. 按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复 方法, 其特征是所述的恢复过程从出口断路器和联络开关同时开始; 所述的故障 恢复逻辑为
7-1 ) 对于出口断路器和联络开关-
A、 如果一个开关是出口断路器, 周围没有过流的开关, 则出口断路器 闭合;
周围有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关, 则断路器会闭合, 动作成功后 通知临近开关;
B、 如果一个开关是联络开关, 周围有过流的开关, 则联络开关保持分 闸;
周围没有过流的开关, 且周围有断开开关, 则联络开关会闭合, 成功后 向出口断路器方向通知临近开关;
7-2) 对于其它开关:
如果一个开关成功跳开,收到相邻开关成功恢复报文,则进入恢复过程; 开关周围有断开的开关, 本身为失压开关且没有过流, 如果周围皆为失 压却不过流开关或者有两个过流开关或者此开关本身为直接连接负载的末端开 关, 则此开关会闭合;
开关周围有断开的开关, 本身为失压开关但是过流, 如果周围有两个过 流开关; 则此开关会闭合, 否则保持分开状态;
每个开关合闸时必须通知周围开关, 以防止合环运行。
8. 按照权利要求 1 所述的实现渗透分布式电源的配电网故障隔离和恢复方 法, 其特征是所述的并网条件为常规电网发电设备并网条件。
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