WO2014076918A1 - 蓄電池制御装置、蓄電池制御方法、および蓄電池システム - Google Patents
蓄電池制御装置、蓄電池制御方法、および蓄電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014076918A1 WO2014076918A1 PCT/JP2013/006599 JP2013006599W WO2014076918A1 WO 2014076918 A1 WO2014076918 A1 WO 2014076918A1 JP 2013006599 W JP2013006599 W JP 2013006599W WO 2014076918 A1 WO2014076918 A1 WO 2014076918A1
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- storage battery
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- power value
- supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a storage battery control device that controls a storage battery used for supply / demand balance control of power in an electric power system.
- supply and demand balance control that adjusts the balance between the generated power supplied to the power system and the load power consumed by the power system is important.
- a power supply / demand balance control service was provided using a generator such as a gas turbine or a gas engine.
- a generator such as a gas turbine or a gas engine.
- it has been studied to provide a supply and demand balance control service using a storage battery having a fast reaction speed against output fluctuations and load fluctuations of a relatively fast power system.
- the power output to the power system is increased or decreased based on the amount of power supplied in the wholesale electricity market.
- the amount of power supplied to the power system is controlled by charging and discharging the storage battery.
- SOC State of Charge
- the battery cannot be charged when the storage amount in the storage battery (SOC (State of Charge); hereinafter simply referred to as SOC) reaches 100% of the storage battery capacity.
- SOC State of Charge
- Patent Document 1 discloses a storage battery control device that maintains the SOC of a storage battery used for supply-demand balance control.
- the present invention provides a storage battery control device capable of appropriately controlling the SOC of a storage battery used for supply-demand balance control.
- a storage battery control device is a storage battery control device that controls charging / discharging of a storage battery in order to adjust power supply / demand of a power system in a supply / demand control period, and A first acquisition unit that acquires a remaining amount of electricity that is an amount of electricity stored in the storage battery; a difference between the remaining amount of electricity stored and a target amount of electricity that is a target value of the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery at the end of the supply and demand control period; An offset power value determination unit that determines an offset power value that is a power value indicating charging or discharging, which is a reference for the charge and discharge of the storage battery in the supply and demand control period, and a power value from a predetermined reference power value A second acquisition unit that acquires an adjustment command value that is the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery that indicates a change amount of the storage battery, and the offset power value to the adjustment command power value that is the power value indicated by the adjustment command value The power of the magnitude of the first power
- the storage battery control device of the present invention it is possible to perform power supply / demand balance control while controlling the SOC to an appropriate level.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing the configuration of the supply and demand control system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram for explaining a service procedure of supply and demand balance control according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the storage battery control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the storage battery control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the adjustment command power value, the offset power value, and the first power value according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the transition of the SOC according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the storage battery control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the first power value according to the first embodiment and the first power value according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the transition of the SOC according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the storage battery control device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining price information coefficients according to the third embodiment.
- the storage battery control device of Patent Document 1 performs discharge by multiplying the discharge command value by discharge efficiency when the SOC is out of a predetermined range and when it is necessary to discharge. When the SOC is out of the predetermined range and charging is necessary, charging is performed by an amount obtained by multiplying the adjustment command value by 1 / charging efficiency. That is, the storage battery control device of Patent Document 1 supplies less power than the adjustment command value to the power system during discharging, and consumes more power than the adjustment command value from the power system during charging.
- the adjustment command value and the actual charge / discharge power are proportional to the commanded charge / discharge power.
- the error increases. Therefore, the problem is that the difference between the power curve commanded by the adjustment command value and the actual charge / discharge power curve becomes large.
- the supply-demand balance control service can be implemented, but the profit obtained may increase or decrease depending on the degree of error.
- the degree of error For example, in the frequency adjustment market system in PJM, one of the regional power transmission agencies in the United States, three evaluation values of “delay”, “correlation” and “accuracy” of the actual charge / discharge power value with respect to the adjustment command value The performance score calculated from the weighted sum evaluates the degree of contribution to the stabilization of the system frequency, and determines the profit to be obtained.
- the storage battery control device of Patent Document 1 is a control that suppresses the change in SOC due to charge / discharge loss, and can maintain the current SOC to some extent, but cannot control the SOC to an optimum level. . Therefore, when charge / discharge is not evenly commanded in the supply / demand balance control, the SOC reaches 100% or 0% of the capacity of the storage battery.
- a storage battery control device that controls charging and discharging of a storage battery in order to adjust power supply and demand of a power system in a supply and demand control period
- a first acquisition unit that acquires a remaining amount of electricity that is the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery at the start of the supply and demand control period; the remaining amount of electricity stored; and a target value of the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery at the end of the supply and demand control period
- An offset power value determination unit that determines an offset power value that is a power value indicating charging or discharging, which is a reference for the charge and discharge of the storage battery in the supply and demand control period, using a difference with a target power storage amount that is
- a second acquisition unit that acquires an adjustment command value that is the charge / discharge command value of the storage battery that indicates an amount of change in power value from a predetermined reference power value; and an adjustment command that is a power value indicated by the adjustment command value Charge / discharge control
- the adjustment command power value when the adjustment command value indicates a power supply command to the power system is a positive value
- the adjustment command value is a value of power in the power system.
- the offset power value determination unit has the same polarity as the polarity of the power amount obtained by subtracting the target power storage amount from the remaining power storage amount.
- the power value is determined as the offset power value, and when the first power value is a positive value, the charge / discharge control unit discharges the power having the magnitude of the first power value from the storage battery to the power system. In the case where the first power value is a negative value, control may be performed to charge the storage battery with the power having the magnitude of the first power value from the power system.
- the offset power value determination unit uses a power value obtained by dividing a power amount obtained by subtracting the target power storage amount from the remaining power storage amount by a time width of the supply and demand control period.
- the offset power value may be determined.
- power loss information which is information related to power loss generated when the storage battery is discharged into the power system or charged to the storage battery from the power system in the supply and demand control period.
- a storage unit may be provided, and the offset power value determination unit may further determine the offset power value using a power amount corresponding to a power loss indicated by the power loss information.
- the second acquisition unit may acquire the adjustment command value for each predetermined period within the supply and demand control period.
- 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 1st acquisition part further acquires the electrical storage amount of the said storage battery for every said predetermined period, and the said storage battery control apparatus further acquired for every said predetermined period
- the power storage amount of the storage battery is compared with the target power storage amount, and the power value of the error portion allowed in the adjustment command power value, the power storage amount of the storage battery acquired every predetermined period and the target power storage
- a correction power value determination unit that determines a correction power value that is a power value for reducing the difference between the power amount and the power amount, and the charge / discharge control unit sets the adjustment command power value for each predetermined period. Adding the offset power value and further discharging the power having the magnitude of the first power value obtained by adding the correction power value from the storage battery to the power system or charging the storage battery from the power system. Even There.
- the adjustment command power value when the adjustment command value indicates a power supply command to the power system is a positive value
- the adjustment command value is a value of power in the power system.
- the corrected power value determination unit subtracts the target power storage amount from the power storage amount of the storage battery acquired every predetermined period. A power value having the same polarity as the polarity of the measured power amount is determined as the corrected power value, and the charge / discharge control unit determines the magnitude of the first power value when the first power value is a positive value. Even when the electric power is discharged from the storage battery to the electric power system and the first electric power value is a negative value, the electric power having the magnitude of the first electric power value is charged from the electric power system to the electric storage battery. Good.
- control capability determination unit determines a control capability that is the maximum power of the storage battery used for the charge and discharge of the storage battery in the supply and demand control period, the control capability determination unit, In the case where the offset power value indicates discharge from the storage battery, the control capability is determined with the upper limit being the power obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the offset power value from the maximum power that can be discharged from the storage battery to the power system, When the offset power value indicates charging of the storage battery, the control capability may be determined with an upper limit of power obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the offset power value from the maximum power that can be charged to the storage battery from the power system. Good.
- a difference between the storage amount of the storage battery at the end of the supply-demand control period with respect to the storage amount of the storage battery at the start of the supply-demand control period is further A storage amount prediction unit that predicts using the adjustment command value acquired during the supply and demand control period in the charge and discharge of the storage battery performed in the storage battery, the offset power value determination unit is further predicted by the storage amount prediction unit The offset power value may be determined using the difference between the stored power amounts.
- the storage amount of the storage battery at the end of the supply / demand control period can be made closer to the target storage amount.
- the offset power value further includes a price acquisition unit that acquires price information that is information related to an amount of consideration obtained by performing the charge and discharge of the storage battery in the supply and demand control period.
- the determination unit may determine a power value having a smaller magnitude as the offset power value as the price of the price indicated by the price information is larger.
- the first acquisition unit may acquire the adjustment command value transmitted from a system operation device that operates the power system.
- it further includes a command value determining unit that measures the frequency of the AC power of the power system and determines the adjustment command value according to the measured frequency, wherein the first acquisition unit includes: The adjustment command value may be acquired from the command value determination unit.
- the remaining power storage amount may be an actual measurement value or an estimated value of a storage amount of the storage battery at the start of the supply and demand control period.
- a storage battery system includes the storage battery control device according to any one of the above aspects and the storage battery.
- the power value of the power discharged from the storage battery to the power system (instantaneous power) is described as a positive value, and the power value of the power charged to the storage battery from the power system (instantaneous power) is described as a negative value.
- charging and discharging are collectively expressed as “power that can be discharged from the storage battery to the power system and power that can be charged from the power system to the storage battery” simply as “power that can be charged and discharged from the storage battery”. May be described.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a supply and demand control system according to the first embodiment.
- the supply and demand control system 1 includes a bid system 10, a storage battery control device 100, a storage battery 20, and a DC / AC converter 30.
- the storage battery control device 100, the storage battery 20, and the DC / AC converter 30 may be realized as one device, or may be realized as different devices.
- FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram for explaining a service procedure of supply and demand balance control according to the first embodiment.
- a user of the supply and demand control system 1 bids bid information for the electric power transaction market 2 in advance using the bid system 10.
- the bid information includes, for example, a service providing period that is a period for providing a supply and demand control service using the storage battery 20, a control capability that is the maximum power used for the supply and demand control service in this service providing period, Information including price.
- the service provision period is a predetermined time zone in which the service provider desires to provide a supply and demand control service.
- the service provision period is also referred to as a supply and demand control period.
- the control capability is arbitrarily determined by the service provider with an upper limit of 1 MW when the maximum value of power that can be charged and discharged from the storage battery 20 is 1 MW.
- the service provider bids a value of 0.3 MW as the control capability.
- bid information is bid from each of a plurality of service providers in the power trading market 2.
- the bid price (service consideration) is set, for example, for the length of the service provision period ⁇ control capability.
- the price of the service (hereinafter, also referred to as a supply / demand control service price) depends on the amount of power secured for the supply / demand control service during the service provision period.
- the grid operator 3 selects bid information necessary for power supply and demand control from among a plurality of bid information bid from the power trading market 2 through the bid system 10, and makes a successful bid.
- System operator 3 (system operation device) transmits an adjustment command value to storage battery control device 100 of the service provider that has bid on the bid information when the service start time of the service provision period specified in the bid information for which the bid has been made is reached.
- the adjustment command value is assumed to be a numerical value within the range of “ ⁇ 10” to “+10”.
- the adjustment command value is a value indicating a change amount (adjustment amount) of the power value with reference to the power value of the predetermined charge / discharge power of the storage battery 20.
- the storage battery control device 100 performs charge / discharge control of the storage battery 20 based on the adjustment command value transmitted from the system operator 3 every predetermined period in the supply and demand control period. Specifically, the storage battery control apparatus 100 discharges the storage battery 20 from the storage battery 20 to the power system by transmitting a control command to the storage battery 20, or charges the storage battery 20 by the power system.
- the power value (adjustment command power value) of the electric power that the storage battery 20 charges or discharges according to the adjustment command value is expressed as, for example, (Equation 1) below.
- the adjustment command power value represented by (Equation 1) is ⁇ Since it becomes 0.15 MW, the storage battery control device 100 charges the storage battery 20 by 0.15 MW from the power system.
- the adjustment command power value represented by (Equation 1) is +0.09 MW, so that the storage battery control device 100 receives power from the storage battery 20. Let the grid discharge 0.09 MW.
- the storage battery 20 charges or discharges power according to the control (control command) of the storage battery control device 100.
- the DC / AC converter 30 converts the DC power output from the storage battery 20 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the power system.
- the DC / AC converter 30 converts AC power input from the power system into DC power and inputs the DC power to the storage battery 20.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the storage battery control device 100a according to the first embodiment.
- the storage battery control device 100 a includes a storage battery state detection unit 110 a (first acquisition unit), a control capability determination unit 120, an offset power value determination unit 130, and an adjustment command value acquisition unit 140 ( A second acquisition unit) and a charge / discharge control unit 150a.
- the storage battery control device 100a is characterized by including an offset power value determination unit 130.
- the storage battery 20 performs charging / discharging of the electric power indicated by the adjustment command value with reference to a state where the charging / discharging by the storage battery 20 is not performed (a state where the power value is 0).
- the storage battery 20 charges and discharges the power indicated by the adjustment command value with reference to the state where the power of the offset power value determined by the offset power value determination unit 130 is charged and discharged.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the storage battery control device 100a.
- the storage battery state detection unit 110a is described as an actual measured value or an estimated value of the SOC of the storage battery 20 at the start time t1 of the supply and demand control period D1, and a deterioration degree of the storage battery 20 (SOH: State of Health. Hereinafter, simply referred to as SOH). ) Is acquired (S101 in FIG. 4).
- the estimated value of SOC is calculated, for example, by integrating the charge / discharge current from the SOC initial value in the fully charged state. Further, the estimated value of the SOC can be calculated using a characteristic curve of the relationship between the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery 20 and the SOC obtained in advance through experiments or the like.
- the offset power value determination unit 130 sets the target storage amount (SOC1) that is the target value of SOC at the end point t1 + D1 of the supply and demand control period D1, and the SOC (SOC2, remaining storage amount) detected by the storage battery state detection unit 110a. And using the difference between SOC1 and SOC2, the power required to eliminate the difference in the supply and demand control period D1 is calculated as an offset power value A (S102 in FIG. 4). Specifically, the offset power value determination unit 130 determines the power value obtained by dividing the power amount obtained by subtracting the target power storage amount from the remaining power storage amount by the time width of the supply and demand control period as the offset power value.
- the offset power value A is calculated using the following (formula 2).
- the offset power value determination unit 130 further takes into account the power loss that is a power loss that occurs in the supply / demand control period D1 in the storage battery 20 or in the DC / AC converter 30 or the like. A is determined.
- the offset power value A is expressed as (Equation 3) below, where E1 is the amount of power corresponding to the power loss.
- the offset power value determination unit 130 sets the power storage amount by adding the power amount corresponding to the power loss so that the power storage amount of the storage battery 20 becomes the target power storage amount at the end of the supply and demand control period D1, and the offset power The value A is determined.
- the power loss may be a predetermined value set at the time of design, or may be a value obtained from a measured value or a predicted value of power loss at the time of past charge / discharge. Information indicating these power losses is stored as power loss information in a storage unit (not shown in FIG. 3).
- control capability determining unit 120 determines the control capability in the supply and demand control period D1 (S103 in FIG. 4).
- the upper limit of the control capability is normally determined by the maximum power (maximum chargeable rate and maximum dischargeable rate) that the storage battery 20 can charge and discharge, and the efficiency when charging and discharging the maximum power, but the storage battery control device 100a. Then, further limitation by the offset power value A is added.
- the limit by the offset power value A is expressed by the following (formula 4).
- the limit by the offset power value A is expressed by the following (formula 5).
- control capability determination unit 120 may determine the upper limit of the control capability in consideration of the limitation due to the SOC and the limitation due to the rating of the DC / AC converter 30.
- the limitation due to the rating of the DC / AC converter 30 can be expressed by the following (formula 6).
- the restriction by SOC can be expressed by the following (formula 7).
- the upper limit of the control capability is limited by the offset power value A expressed by (Expression 4) or (Expression 5), limited by the rating of the DC / AC converter 30 expressed by (Expression 6), and (Expression 4). It becomes the minimum value among the restrictions by SOC represented by 7).
- step S103 the adjustment command value acquisition unit 140 acquires the adjustment command value for each sufficiently short predetermined time interval D2 until the supply and demand control period D1 ends (Yes in S104 of FIG. 4) ( (S105 in FIG. 4).
- the adjustment command value acquisition unit 140 acquires the adjustment command value every several seconds.
- the adjustment command value is a value representing the ratio to the control capability as described above, but is not limited to this.
- the adjustment command value is transmitted from the grid operator 3, but the storage battery control device 100a may determine the adjustment command value.
- the storage battery control device 100a further includes an adjustment command value determination unit that measures the frequency of the AC power of the power system and determines an adjustment command value according to the measured frequency, and the adjustment command value acquisition unit 140 The adjustment command value determined by the command value determination unit may be acquired.
- the adjustment command value determination unit measures the frequency of the AC power at each time interval D2 at the AC power measurement point of the power system in the supply and demand control system 1.
- the difference between the measured frequency and the reference frequency is associated with an adjustment command value corresponding to the difference in a predetermined table.
- the adjustment command value is, for example, a value (percentage or the like) indicating a ratio to the control capability.
- the charge / discharge control unit 150a calculates a power value obtained by adding the offset power value A to the adjustment command power value corresponding to the adjustment command value (hereinafter referred to as the first power value) (FIG. 4). S106). Subsequently, the charge / discharge control unit 150a causes the storage battery 20 to charge / discharge the calculated first power value (S107 in FIG. 4).
- the first power value is calculated using, for example, (Equation 8) below.
- the charge / discharge control unit 150a when the first power value is a positive value, the charge / discharge control unit 150a performs control to discharge power of the magnitude of the first power value from the storage battery 20 to the power system. In addition, when the first power value is a negative value, the charge / discharge control unit 150a performs control to charge the storage battery 20 with power having the magnitude of the first power value from the power system.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the adjustment command power value, the offset power value, and the first power value according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the transition of the SOC at this time. It is.
- the first power value 902 is a power value obtained by adding the offset power value A to the adjustment command power value 901.
- the adjustment command power value 901 indicates the adjustment command power value corresponding to the adjustment command value acquired for each time interval D2 in the supply and demand control period D1.
- the offset power value A is a negative value (value indicating charging).
- the total charge amount from the power system to the storage battery 20 and the total discharge amount from the storage battery 20 to the power system, which are commanded by the adjustment command power value in the supply and demand control period D1, are ideal. The case is illustrated.
- a graph 911 shows the transition of the SOC of the storage battery 20 to which the conventional storage battery control not adding the offset power A (the offset power value A is 0 in (Equation 8)) is applied.
- the graph 911 shows, the SOC at the end of the supply and demand control period D1 is reduced by the amount of power loss with respect to the SOC at the start of the supply and demand control period D1. This is because the total charge amount and the total discharge amount in the supply and demand control period D1 based on the adjustment command power value are equal as described above.
- the graph 912 shows the transition of the SOC of the storage battery 20 to which the control of the storage battery control device 100a is applied.
- the storage battery control device 100a uses the difference between the SOC1 that is the target power storage amount and the SOC2 that is the power storage amount at the start of the supply and demand control period D1, and the power amount corresponding to the power loss. A value is determined, and a charge / discharge command is performed by adding the offset power value to the adjustment command value. Therefore, the risk that the SOC of the storage battery 20 is extremely increased or decreased due to power loss or the like is reduced. That is, the possibility of falling into a state where supply / demand control services such as SOC of 100% or 0% cannot be provided (a state where charging or discharging cannot be performed according to the adjustment command value) is reduced, and the optimum SOC is maintained.
- the estimated value of the SOC of the storage battery 20 at the start time t1 of the supply and demand control period D1 is a predicted value based on the SOC at time t2 before the start time and the predicted value of the charge / discharge amount from time t2 to t1. It may be calculated.
- the target power storage amount (SOC1) may be a fixed value set in advance such as 50% or a value slightly higher than 50% in consideration of an average charge / discharge loss ratio.
- the total charge amount from the power system to the storage battery 20 and the total discharge amount from the storage battery 20 to the power system indicated by the adjustment command power value in the supply and demand control period D1 are equal. It was. However, actually, the total charge amount and the total discharge amount differ depending on the supply and demand control period. In this case, in (Expression 2) or (Expression 3), a predicted value of the difference (increase / decrease) in the storage amount of the storage battery 20 at the start and end of the supply and demand control period D1 may be further taken into consideration. .
- the storage battery control device 100a further sets a difference between the storage amount of the storage battery 20 at the end of the supply / demand control period D1 and the storage amount of the storage battery 20 at the start of the supply / demand control period D1 before the supply / demand control period D1.
- You may provide the electrical storage amount prediction part which estimates using the adjustment command value acquired in the supply-and-demand control period which performed the supply-and-demand control service.
- offset power value determination unit 130 determines the offset power value using at least the difference between SOC2 (remaining power storage amount) and SOC1 (target power storage amount) and the difference in power storage amount predicted by the power storage amount prediction unit. To do.
- the storage amount prediction unit predicts the difference between the storage amounts based on the actual value of the adjustment command value acquired in the supply and demand control period of the past supply and demand control service.
- the offset power value determination unit 130 further determines (rated capacity of the storage battery from the right side of (Expression 2) or (Expression 3)). The power value obtained by subtracting the decrease (10%) / D1) of ⁇ SOH ⁇ SOC is determined as the offset power value A.
- the offset power value determining unit 130 is further added to the right side of (Expression 2) or (Expression 3) (Rated battery capacity ⁇ The power value obtained by adding the increment of SOH ⁇ SOC (10%) / D1) is determined as the offset power value A.
- the storage amount prediction unit may predict the difference between the storage amounts using not only the adjustment command value but also the charge / discharge efficiency (the above-described power loss).
- the supply and demand control system 1 there may be a plurality of storage batteries 20, DC / AC converters 30, and storage battery control devices 100 (storage battery control devices 100 a), and these are distributed in a plurality of locations. May be present.
- the SOC approaches the target power storage amount linearly, or the SOC approaches the target power storage amount in a state where the fluctuation of the SOC is as small as possible.
- the total amount of charge / discharge power of the storage battery 20 in the supply and demand control period D1 is small, and the cost (electricity charge) required for charging the storage battery 20 and deterioration of the storage battery 20 due to charge / discharge can be suppressed. .
- the SOC is not likely to be 100% or 0% even if the control capacity is set large, so that the restriction of the control capacity is eased.
- the adjustment command value and the power loss are not constant within the supply and demand control period D1. Therefore, in the supply and demand control period D1, there is a case where the fluctuation of the SOC is large such that the SOC repeatedly approaches the target charged amount by repeatedly approaching the target charged amount.
- Embodiment 2 describes a storage battery control device that can suppress fluctuations in SOC within the supply and demand control period D1 even in such a case.
- the total charge amount from the power system to the storage battery 20 and the total discharge amount from the storage battery 20 to the power system indicated by the adjustment command power value in the supply and demand control period D1. are equal.
- the predicted power loss value and the actually generated power loss value are assumed to be equal, and the offset power value A is determined using (Equation 3). .
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the storage battery control device 100b according to the second embodiment.
- the storage battery control device 100b differs from the storage battery control device 100a in the operations of the storage battery state detection unit 110b and the charge / discharge control unit 150b.
- Storage battery control device 100b is also different from storage battery control device 100a in that it includes a corrected power value determination unit 160.
- the storage battery state detection unit 110b acquires an actual measured value or an estimated value of the SOC of the storage battery 20 and a deterioration degree (SOH) of the storage battery 20 at the start time t1 of the supply / demand control period D1, and a predetermined time interval in the supply / demand control period D1.
- the SOC of the storage battery 20 is acquired for each D2.
- the corrected power value determination unit 160 compares the SOC (SOC3) acquired at each predetermined time interval D2 in the supply / demand control period D1 by the storage battery state detection unit 110b with the target storage amount (SOC1) of the SOC, and performs an adjustment command.
- Correction that is a power value that reduces the difference between SOC3 and SOC1 within the range of the power value of the error portion that is allowed with respect to the change amount of the power value indicated by the value (hereinafter referred to as the allowable error power value).
- the allowable error power value is a fixed value, a ratio to the bid control capacity (for example, within 2% of the control capacity, etc.), or a value that changes in proportion to the adjustment command value. Is assumed.
- the corrected power value is expressed as (Equation 9) below.
- the corrected power value is expressed as (Equation 10) below when SOC3 is SOC1 or more.
- the corrected power value may be determined in consideration of a power loss that is a power loss that occurs in the time interval D2 in the storage battery 20 or in the DC / AC converter 30 or the like.
- the charge / discharge control unit 150b includes an offset power value determined by the offset power value determination unit 130, an adjustment command power value corresponding to the adjustment command value acquired by the adjustment command value acquisition unit 140, and a correction power value determination unit 160.
- a first power value is calculated by adding the determined corrected power value.
- the first power value is calculated using, for example, (Equation 11) below.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating the first power value 903 according to the first embodiment indicated by (Expression 8) and the first power value 904 according to the second embodiment indicated by (Expression 11).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the transition of the SOC at this time.
- the period D3 shown in FIG. 8 is a period in which SOC3 is equal to or greater than SOC1.
- the correction power value is a positive value according to (Equation 10). That is, in the period D3, the first power value 904 is a value that is offset in the discharge direction from the first power value 903 by the corrected power value (the hatched portion in FIG. 8).
- the period D4 shown in FIG. 8 is a period in which the SOC3 is less than the SOC1.
- the corrected power value is a negative value according to (Equation 9). That is, in the period D4, the first power value 904 is a value that is offset in the charging direction from the first power value 903 by the corrected power value (the hatched portion in FIG. 8).
- a graph 914 shows the transition of the SOC of the storage battery 20 to which the storage battery control of the storage battery control device 100a is applied.
- the SOC at the end of the supply and demand control period D1 and the target power storage amount match.
- the difference between the SOC and the target power storage amount within the supply and demand control period D1 is generally slightly larger.
- the graph 913 (broken line) shows the transition of the SOC of the storage battery 20 to which the storage battery control of the storage battery control device 100b is applied.
- the deviation of the SOC from the target power storage amount at the end of the supply and demand control period D1 is slightly larger than the graph 914.
- the difference between the SOC and the target power storage amount within the supply and demand control period D1 is smaller than the graph 914. That is, the storage battery control apparatus 100b can suppress the fluctuation of the SOC in the supply and demand control period D1 by adding the correction power value.
- the storage battery control device 100b includes the power value of the error portion allowed in the adjustment command power value together with the offset power value, and the storage amount and the target storage amount of the storage battery 20 acquired at every time interval D2.
- a correction power value which is a power value for reducing the difference in the amount of power, is determined. Then, the storage battery control device 100b charges and discharges the storage battery 20 according to the power value obtained by adding the adjustment command power value indicated by the adjustment command value, the offset power value, and the correction power value.
- Embodiment 3 describes an example in which the offset power value A is adjusted according to the price of the supply and demand control service.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the storage battery control device 100c according to the third embodiment.
- the same components as those in FIG. 10 are identical to FIG. 10 in FIG. 10, the same components as those in FIG. 10.
- the storage battery control device 100c differs from the storage battery control device 100a in the operation of the offset power value determination unit 130c. Moreover, the storage battery control apparatus 100c also differs from the storage battery control apparatus 100a in that it includes a price information acquisition unit 170.
- the price information acquisition unit 170 acquires price information related to the supply and demand control service in the supply and demand control period D1.
- the price information is, for example, information indicating a price (supply / demand control service price) obtained by providing the supply / demand control service in the supply / demand control period D1.
- the price information can be acquired from the electric power trading market 2 or the like, but if it cannot be acquired, the price information acquisition unit 170 makes a prediction.
- the prediction for example, a technique such as regression analysis is used.
- the offset power value determination unit 130c is based on the actual measured value or estimated value of the SOC of the storage battery 20 at the start time t1 of the supply and demand control period D1 from the storage battery state detection unit 110a, and the price information from the price information acquisition unit 170. An offset power value is determined.
- the offset power value A ′ is determined using the following (formula 12) using the price information coefficient ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ 1) determined based on the price information.
- Offset power value A ′ Rated battery rated capacity ⁇ SOH ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (SOC1-SOC2) / D1 (Equation 12)
- the price information coefficient ⁇ is a coefficient that decreases as the supply / demand control service price increases, and increases as the supply / demand control service price decreases.
- the price information coefficient ⁇ is given as a function for the supply and demand control service price as shown in FIG.
- the price information coefficient ⁇ decreases linearly as the supply / demand control service price increases.
- a power charge (power purchase price) charged according to the power charged from the power system to the storage battery 20 at the time of charging, or the amortization cost of the supply and demand control system 1 when performing the supply and demand control service (System amortization price) is generated as expenditure.
- a supply and demand control service price for example, a system amortized price
- a branch point of whether or not profit is obtained by comparing such expenditure with the supply and demand control service price is used.
- a supply-demand control service price (for example, an average value of the supply-demand control service price) that can obtain a relatively large profit by providing the supply-demand control service is used.
- the price information coefficient lower limit 917 may be determined based on, for example, the magnitude of the offset power value required for the SOC at the end time t1 + D1 of the supply and demand control period D1 to be substantially the same as the SOC at the start time t1. Thereby, the further capacity
- FIG. 11 is an example, and the price information coefficient ⁇ may be determined according to the specifications of the supply and demand control system 1.
- the price information coefficient ⁇ may be determined based on the power purchase price. In this case, the price information coefficient ⁇ may be determined so that the offset power value is larger as the power purchase price is lower and the offset power value is smaller as the power purchase price is higher.
- the information included in the price information used for determining the price information coefficient ⁇ may be one or plural.
- the price information may include information indicating the power purchase price described above, information indicating the system amortized price, and the like.
- the method of determining the offset power value is not limited to the method using the price information coefficient, and the offset power value determining unit 130c sets the offset power value with a smaller magnitude as the price of the price indicated by the price information is larger. What is necessary is just to determine as a value.
- the storage battery control device 100c determines the power value having a smaller magnitude as the offset power value as the price of the price indicated by the price information acquired by the price information acquisition unit 170 is larger.
- the offset power value determination unit 130c takes into account the value obtained by performing the supply and demand control service, and the optimum offset power value in consideration of the power charge charged according to the power charged from the power system to the storage battery 20 at the time of charging. To decide. Thereby, the profit by provision of supply-and-demand control service can be increased.
- the offset power value is a small value
- the charge / discharge power amount during the supply and demand control service can be reduced, so that there is an effect that the deterioration of the storage battery 20 can be suppressed.
- each of the above devices can be realized by a computer system including a microprocessor, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk unit, a display unit, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
- a computer program is stored in the RAM or the hard disk unit.
- Each device achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program.
- the computer program is configured by combining a plurality of instruction codes indicating instructions for the computer in order to achieve a predetermined function.
- a part or all of the constituent elements constituting each of the above devices may be constituted by one system LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- the system LSI is an ultra-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating a plurality of components on a single chip, and specifically, a computer system including a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, and the like. .
- a computer program is stored in the ROM.
- the system LSI achieves its functions by the microprocessor loading a computer program from the ROM to the RAM and performing operations such as operations in accordance with the loaded computer program.
- a part or all of the constituent elements constituting each of the above apparatuses may be configured from an IC card or a single module that can be attached to and detached from each apparatus.
- the IC card or module is a computer system that includes a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, and the like.
- the IC card or the module may include the super multifunctional LSI described above.
- the IC card or the module achieves its function by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program. This IC card or this module may have tamper resistance.
- the present invention may be realized by the method described above. Further, these methods may be realized by a computer program realized by a computer, or may be realized by a digital signal consisting of a computer program.
- the present invention also relates to a computer readable recording medium such as a flexible disk, hard disk, CD-ROM, MO, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, BD (Blu-ray (registered trademark)). ) Disc), or recorded in a semiconductor memory or the like. Moreover, you may implement
- a computer program or a digital signal may be transmitted via an electric communication line, a wireless or wired communication line, a network represented by the Internet, a data broadcast, or the like.
- the present invention is also a computer system including a microprocessor and a memory.
- the memory stores a computer program, and the microprocessor may operate according to the computer program.
- program or digital signal may be recorded on a recording medium and transferred, or the program or digital signal may be transferred via a network or the like, and may be implemented by another independent computer system.
- the storage battery control device has been described above based on the embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Unless it deviates from the gist of the present invention, various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art have been made in this embodiment, and forms constructed by combining components in different embodiments are also within the scope of one or more aspects. May be included.
- the storage battery control device is useful as a storage battery control device used for supply / demand balance control of an electric power system.
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Abstract
Description
背景技術で説明したように、蓄電池を用いて需給バランス制御を行う場合、蓄電池のSOCを適切に維持する必要がある。
まず、需給バランス制御のサービスを行うための需給制御システムの概要について説明する。需給バランス制御のサービスとしては、例えば、電力系統の交流電力の周波数を用いて電力需給を制御する、FR(Frequency Regulation)サービスなどが知られている。
実施の形態1で説明したように、蓄電池制御装置100aによれば、オフセット電力Aを用いてSOCを目標蓄電量に近づけることが可能である。
需給制御サービスにおいてオフセット電力値Aを用いて蓄電池制御を行う場合、実施の形態1で述べたように、制御能力の上限は、(式4)および(式5)に示されるような制限を受ける。ここで、例えば、需給制御サービスの対価の価格が大きい時間帯では、できるだけ大きな制御能力を入札することで、より大きな利益を得ることができるため、オフセット電力値の大きさは小さく、制御能力の上限値が大きいほうがよい。
以上、実施の形態に係る蓄電池制御装置について、説明したが、本発明は、これら実施の形態に限定されるものではない。以下のような場合も本発明に含まれる。
2 電力取引市場
3 系統運用者
10 入札システム
20 蓄電池
30 DC/ACコンバータ
100、100a、100b、100c 蓄電池制御装置
110a、110b 蓄電池状態検出部
120 制御能力決定部
130、130c オフセット電力値決定部
140 調整指令値取得部
150a、150b 充放電制御部
160 補正電力値決定部
901 調整指令電力値
902、903、904 第1電力値
911、912、913、914 グラフ
915、916 閾値
917 価格情報係数下限
Claims (15)
- 需給制御期間において電力系統の電力需給を調整するために、蓄電池の充放電を制御する蓄電池制御装置であって、
前記需給制御期間の開始時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量である蓄電残量を取得する第1の取得部と、
前記蓄電残量と、前記需給制御期間の終了時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量の目標値である目標蓄電量との差分を用いて、前記需給制御期間における前記蓄電池の前記充放電の基準となる、充電又は放電を示す電力値であるオフセット電力値を決定するオフセット電力値決定部と、
所定の基準電力値からの電力値の変化量を示す前記蓄電池の前記充放電の指令値である調整指令値を取得する第2の取得部と、
前記調整指令値が示す電力値である調整指令電力値に前記オフセット電力値を加算した電力値である第1電力値の大きさの電力を、前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電させ又は前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電する制御を行う充放電制御部とを備える
蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記調整指令値が前記電力系統への電力の供給指令を示すときの前記調整指令電力値が正の値であり、前記調整指令値が前記電力系統における電力の消費指令を示すときの前記調整指令電力値が負の値であるとした場合、
前記オフセット電力値決定部は、前記蓄電残量から前記目標蓄電量を減算した電力量の極性と同一の極性の電力値を前記オフセット電力値として決定し、
前記充放電制御部は、前記第1電力値が正の値である場合、前記第1電力値の大きさの電力を前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電させ、前記第1電力値が負の値である場合、前記第1電力値の大きさの電力を前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電する制御を行う
請求項1に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記オフセット電力値決定部は、前記蓄電残量から前記目標蓄電量を減算した電力量を前記需給制御期間の時間幅で除算することによって求められる電力値を用いて前記オフセット電力値を決定する
請求項1または請求項2に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - さらに、前記需給制御期間において前記蓄電池が前記電力系統に放電し又は前記蓄電池に前記電力系統から充電する際に発生する電力の損失に関する情報である電力ロス情報を記憶する記憶部を備え、
前記オフセット電力値決定部は、さらに、前記電力ロス情報が示す電力の損失に相当する電力量を用いて前記オフセット電力値を決定する
請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記第2の取得部は、前記需給制御期間内の所定の期間ごとに前記調整指令値を取得する
請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記第1の取得部は、さらに、前記蓄電池の蓄電量を前記所定の期間ごとに取得し、
前記蓄電池制御装置は、さらに、前記所定の期間ごとに取得した前記蓄電池の蓄電量と前記目標蓄電量とを比較し、前記調整指令電力値において許容される誤差部分の電力値であって、前記所定の期間ごとに取得した前記蓄電池の蓄電量と前記目標蓄電量との電力量の差を低減するための電力値である補正電力値を決定する補正電力値決定部を備え、
前記充放電制御部は、前記所定の期間ごとに、前記調整指令電力値に前記オフセット電力値を加算し、さらに前記補正電力値を加算した前記第1電力値の大きさの電力を、前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電させ又は前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電する制御を行う
請求項5に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記調整指令値が前記電力系統への電力の供給指令を示すときの前記調整指令電力値が正の値であり、前記調整指令値が前記電力系統における電力の消費指令を示すときの前記調整指令電力値が負の値であるとした場合、
前記補正電力値決定部は、前記所定の期間ごとに取得した前記蓄電池の前記蓄電量から前記目標蓄電量を減算した電力量の極性と同一の極性の電力値を前記補正電力値として決定し、
前記充放電制御部は、前記第1電力値が正の値である場合、前記第1電力値の大きさの電力を前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電させ、前記第1電力値が負の値である場合、前記第1電力値の大きさの電力を前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電する制御を行う
請求項6に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - さらに、前記需給制御期間において前記蓄電池の前記充放電に使用する前記蓄電池の最大電力である制御能力を決定する制御能力決定部を備え、
前記制御能力決定部は、
前記オフセット電力値が前記蓄電池からの放電を示す場合に、前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電可能な最大電力から前記オフセット電力値の大きさを減算した電力を上限として前記制御能力を決定し、
前記オフセット電力値が前記蓄電池への充電を示す場合に、前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電可能な最大電力から前記オフセット電力値の大きさを減算した電力を上限として前記制御能力を決定する
請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - さらに、前記需給制御期間の開始時の前記蓄電池の蓄電量に対する、前記需給制御期間の終了時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量の差分を、当該需給制御期間よりも前に行った前記蓄電池の前記充放電における前記需給制御期間において取得した前記調整指令値を用いて予測する蓄電量予測部を備え、
前記オフセット電力値決定部は、さらに、前記蓄電量予測部が予測した前記蓄電量の差分を用いて前記オフセット電力値を決定する
請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - さらに、前記需給制御期間において前記蓄電池の前記充放電を行うことで得られる対価の金額に関する情報である価格情報を取得する価格取得部を備え、
前記オフセット電力値決定部は、前記価格情報が示す対価の金額が大きいほど、大きさが小さい電力値を前記オフセット電力値として決定する
請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記第1の取得部は、前記電力系統を運用する系統運用装置から送信される前記調整指令値を取得する
請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - さらに、前記電力系統の交流電力の周波数を計測し、計測した周波数に応じて前記調整指令値を決定する指令値決定部を備え、
前記第1の取得部は、前記指令値決定部から前記調整指令値を取得する
請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 前記蓄電残量は、前記需給制御期間の開始時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量の実測値又は推定値である
請求項1乃至請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置。 - 需給制御期間において電力系統の電力需給を調整するために、蓄電池の充放電を制御する蓄電池制御方法であって、
前記需給制御期間の開始時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量である蓄電残量を取得する第1の取得ステップと、
前記蓄電残量と、前記需給制御期間の終了時における前記蓄電池の蓄電量の目標値である目標蓄電量との差分を用いて、前記需給制御期間における前記蓄電池の前記充放電の基準となる、充電又は放電を示す電力値であるオフセット電力値を決定するオフセット電力値決定ステップと、
所定の基準電力値からの電力値の変化量を示す前記蓄電池の前記充放電の指令値である調整指令値を取得する第2の取得ステップと、
前記調整指令値が示す電力値である調整指令電力値に前記オフセット電力値を加算した電力値である第1電力値の大きさの電力を、前記蓄電池から前記電力系統に放電させ又は前記電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電する制御を行う充放電制御ステップとを含む
蓄電池制御方法。 - 請求項1乃至請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池制御装置と、
前記蓄電池とを備える
蓄電池システム。
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JPWO2014076918A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
US20150008884A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
JP5907497B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
US9620979B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
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