WO2014071852A1 - 一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、装置及*** - Google Patents
一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、装置及*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014071852A1 WO2014071852A1 PCT/CN2013/086676 CN2013086676W WO2014071852A1 WO 2014071852 A1 WO2014071852 A1 WO 2014071852A1 CN 2013086676 W CN2013086676 W CN 2013086676W WO 2014071852 A1 WO2014071852 A1 WO 2014071852A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
Definitions
- Multi-antenna technology is a key technology in wireless communication systems. It has been widely used in mainstream wireless communication systems in recent years, such as global interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX), long-term evolution (long Term evolution, LTE), wireless fidelity (WIFI).
- WIMAX global interoperability for microwave access
- LTE long-term evolution
- WIFI wireless fidelity
- a mutiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology is a uniform linear array (ULA) antenna arranged in one direction, such as two or four. And up to 8 antennas used on the transmitting node.
- the access point (AP) used by the usual WIFI is up to 4 antennas, and the most common configuration is 1 or 2 antennas; and the ground transmitting nodes used in terrestrial cellular mobile communication systems, such as the LTE system.
- the Rel-10 (version 10) version supports up to 8 antennas.
- the prior art In order to solve the problem of the reference signal design method in a multi-antenna system, the prior art generally makes the number of reference signals used proportional to the number of antennas used or the maximum number of data streams that the system can transmit.
- the number of downlink reference signals is proportional to the number of antennas.
- CRS Cell Specific Reference Signal
- 4-stream DM-RS Demodulation Reference Signal
- CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
- channel state information reference signal also occupies 2 OFDM in one subframe (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol, also 14%. Therefore, if the number of antennas in the system is further increased, such as 32 or 64, according to the design method of the existing system, all resources of the entire system are used to transmit reference signals, and corresponding reference signals need to be in the upward direction.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a reference signal mapping method, apparatus, and system based on an antenna array, which can reduce waste of system resources by reference signal design and improve system compatibility.
- a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array is provided.
- the transmitting node spatially forms a plurality of beams pointing in different directions, wherein each beam is generated by beamforming from all or part of the antenna ports on the antenna array, wherein the beam direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth angle Direction or space in any direction;
- the transmitting node configures a reference signal on each beam.
- the first aspect specifically includes: overlapping the spatially adjacent beams in the differently directed beams or maintaining a low overlap region.
- the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner specifically includes: the reference signal includes a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a positioning reference signal PRS, and a channel state information CSI reference signal CSI- RS.
- the second possible implementation manner specifically includes: the transmitting node spatially forming a plurality of beams directed to different directions by the transmitting antenna array, including:
- the transmitting node pre-codes the antenna port in a first direction or mechanically changes a pointing angle of the antenna port to generate a beam, and the transmitting node does not beamform the antenna port in a second direction, where the first The direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space, and the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the reference signal in combination with the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner, includes a user-specific demodulation reference signal DM-RS.
- the transmitting node spatially forms, by the transmitting antenna array, a plurality of beams that point in different directions, including: the transmitting node is in the first direction and the second direction.
- the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuthal direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the method further includes: transmitting, by the transmitting node, a beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service, so that the UE acquires a reference signal corresponding to the BID according to the beam identifier.
- the transmitting, by the transmitting node, the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service includes:
- the transmitting node sends the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service by using the downlink control information DCI or the radio resource control RRC signaling.
- the transmitting node configuring the reference signal on each beam includes:
- the transmitting node configures a reference signal having the same time-frequency position and a reference signal sequence on each beam;
- the transmitting node configures reference signals having different time-frequency locations and/or reference signal sequences on each beam.
- the transmitting node configuring, on each beam, a reference signal having a different reference signal sequence on each of the beams includes: a beam of the transmitting node for each beam Identifying a BID or a beam identification function corresponding to the beam identifier BID to generate a cell identifier CID of each beam;
- the transmitting, by the transmitting node, configuring the reference signal having a different reference signal sequence on each of the beams includes: the transmitting node is associated with each beam according to the The cell identifier CID of the cell generates an initial sequence value;
- the reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence are respectively configured on the each beam.
- a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array is provided.
- the user equipment UE acquires a reference signal on the beam corresponding to the beam identifier according to the beam identifier;
- the user equipment UE feeds back, by using an uplink channel, the signal quality of the beam identifier corresponding beam in the beam subset corresponding to the acquired reference signal to the transmitting node.
- the signal quality includes a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR, a reference signal received power RSRP, a reference signal received quality RSRQ, a received signal strength indicator RSSI, and a channel quality indicator CQI. At least one item;
- the beam parameters include:
- the elevation angle indicates EI and the azimuth indicates AI.
- the uplink channel includes: a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH or a physical uplink control channel PUCCH.
- a transmitting node including:
- a beamforming unit configured to spatially form a plurality of beams pointing in different directions, wherein each beam is generated by beamforming from all or part of antenna ports on the antenna array, wherein the beam direction includes an elevation angle Direction, azimuth direction or any direction of space;
- a reference signal transmitting unit for configuring a reference signal on each beam.
- the spatially adjacent beams in the differently directed beams are orthogonal to each other or remain low.
- the third aspect or the first possible implementation manner specifically includes: the reference signal includes a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a positioning reference signal PRS, and a channel state information CSI reference signal CSI- RS.
- the beamforming unit is specifically configured to:
- the transmitting node does not beamform the antenna port in a second direction, where the first direction is The second direction is orthogonal, and the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space, and the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the reference signal comprises a user-specific demodulation reference signal DM-RS.
- the beamforming unit is specifically configured to: perform independent or joint precoding on the antenna port in a first direction and a second direction to generate a spatially a beam, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, the first direction comprises an elevation direction, an azimuth direction or a spatial arbitrary direction, and the second direction comprises an elevation direction, an azimuth direction or a spatial arbitrary direction.
- the transmitting node further includes a transmitting unit,
- the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal is sent to the user equipment UE of the beam service, so that the UE acquires the reference signal corresponding to the BID according to the beam identifier.
- the transmitting unit is specifically configured to: send, by using downlink control information DCI or radio resource control RRC signaling, a beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to User equipment UE served by the beam.
- the reference signal transmitting unit is specifically configured to:
- the reference signal transmitting unit includes:
- a beam identification subunit configured to generate a cell identifier CID of each beam for a beam identification BID of each beam or a beam identification function corresponding to the beam identification BID;
- a reference sequence generation subunit configured to respectively according to each The cell identifier CID of each beam generates an initial value of the sequence for each beam, and then generates a reference signal sequence according to the initial value of the sequence;
- a beam configuration subunit configured to respectively configure reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence to each of the beams.
- the reference signal transmitting unit includes:
- An initial sequence generation subunit configured to generate a sequence initial value for each beam according to a cell identifier CID of the cell to which the cell belongs;
- a reference sequence generating sub-unit configured to: configure, for the sequence initial value corresponding to each beam, an initial sequence value for indicating that a beam identification BID of each beam or a beam identification function corresponding to the beam identification BID is updated, Generating, according to the updated sequence initial value, a reference signal sequence of each beam;
- a beam configuration subunit configured to respectively configure reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence to corresponding beams.
- a UE including:
- a reference signal receiving unit configured to acquire, according to the beam identifier, a reference signal on the beam corresponding to the beam identifier
- a feedback unit configured to feed back, by the uplink channel, the signal quality of the beam corresponding to the beam in the beam subset corresponding to the acquired reference signal to the transmitting node.
- the fourth aspect specifically includes the signal quality including a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR, a reference signal received power RSRP, a reference signal received quality RSRQ, a received signal strength indicator RSSI, and a channel quality indicator CQI.
- the signal quality including a signal to interference and noise ratio SINR, a reference signal received power RSRP, a reference signal received quality RSRQ, a received signal strength indicator RSSI, and a channel quality indicator CQI.
- the beam parameters include:
- the elevation angle indicates EI and the azimuth indicates AI.
- the uplink channel includes: a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH or a physical uplink control signal, in combination with the fourth aspect or the first possible implementation manner Road PUCCH.
- a communication system comprising any of the foregoing transmitting nodes and any one of the foregoing UEs.
- the antenna array-based reference signal mapping method, apparatus, and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention can form the same reference signal on the antenna port corresponding to the same beam by forming different antennas according to the corresponding antenna ports of the antenna array. Reduce the waste of system resources by reference signal design and improve system compatibility.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of beam pointing of a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of beamforming of a reference array mapping method based on an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmitting node according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmitting node according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a UE structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting node according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a UE according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication according to an embodiment of the present invention; System structure diagram.
- the invention is mainly applied to the communication field supporting multi-antenna technology, for example, it can be applied to global interoperability for microwave access based on mutiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology.
- MIMO mutiple input multiple output
- WiMAX WiMAX
- LTE long term evolution
- WIFI wireless fidelity
- the barrel is called ULA) antennas, such as 2, 4, and the most 8 antennas used on the transmitting node.
- the transmitting node includes various transmitting stations, such as an eNB (evolved Node Base), a relay node, and an RRH (Remote Radio Head) unit that uses a fiber to be remoted.
- eNB evolved Node Base
- RRH Remote Radio Head
- a transmitting node spatially forms a plurality of beams pointing in different directions, wherein each beam is generated by beamforming by all or part of antenna ports on the antenna array, wherein the beam direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or Any direction of space;
- the elevation direction and the azimuth direction are spatially two orthogonal directions.
- one beam is simultaneously adjusted in the elevation angle and the azimuth direction, a beam pointing in any direction of the space can be obtained; in addition, one antenna port corresponds to at least An antenna array element on the antenna array.
- spatially adjacent beams in the differently directed beams are orthogonal to each other or remain low.
- the reference signal includes a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a channel state information CSI reference signal CSI-RS, and a demodulation reference signal DM-RS.
- the step 101 is specifically that the transmitting node pre-codes the antenna port in the first direction or mechanically changes the pointing angle of the antenna port to generate a corresponding beam, and the transmitting node collides in the second direction.
- the antenna port is not beamformed, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space, and the second direction includes Including the elevation direction, the azimuth direction, or any direction of space.
- the array antenna a forms three beams a1, a2, and a3 in the elevation direction, and the three beams in the azimuth direction are all omnidirectional, and the three rings shown in FIG. 2 indicate the azimuth direction.
- Omnidirectional the array antenna of the transmitting node of FIG.
- the array antenna points to three different elevation angles in three-dimensional space by three beams pointing in different elevation angles formed in the elevation direction;
- no precoding is performed, that is, it is directed in the horizontal direction to the range of all azimuths that can be covered (here, an omnidirectional antenna or a multi-sector directional antenna can be directly used, wherein the omnidirectional antenna is 360 degrees
- the directional antenna is an antenna smaller than 360 degrees, such as 120 degrees).
- the array antenna is used to point different angles to different users in one direction, and no precoding is performed in the other direction.
- the antenna in the elevation direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction may also be a directional sector antenna having a certain direction (eg, an antenna of 120 degrees). Therefore, the reference signal of the CSI-RS based on this method is Another spatial characteristic of the antenna in the precoding direction that provides UE measurement and feedback at a particular angle.
- the UE can feed back CSI at elevation and azimuth, or feedback CSI in azimuth and elevation directions, or the UE only feeds CSI in one direction to the same user as LTE Rel-12 (version 12).
- step 101 is specifically: the transmitting node performs independent or joint precoding on the antenna port in the first direction and the second direction to generate a spatial beam, where the first direction is The second direction is orthogonal, and the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space, and the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the direction of the antenna port can be changed by precoding to completely form all the antenna ports in the NxM antenna array through a three-dimensional pre-coded codebook W k to form different pointing angles or electronically controlled by precoding.
- the mode changes the pointing angle of each antenna port, or changes the pointing angle of the antenna port by a conventional mechanical method; the reference signal of the antenna array of the antenna array is 8 X 4 (8 rows and 4 columns) is adopted by the transmitting node in a precoding manner.
- the mapping is described as an example. For the convenience of the description in the embodiment of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking a narrow beam in the vertical direction as an example. Therefore, there are K beams pointing to different elevation angles in the vertical direction, and the kth beam in the vertical direction, which we call BAS k .
- an antenna array of 8x4 is assumed assuming that each column of antennas is used to form an elevation direction.
- the column formed a total of four columns. These four columns can form up to eight elevation patterns in the spatial direction after using three-dimensional precoding.
- each of the four columns can be regarded as a horizontal antenna, and the 8x4 antenna array is equivalent to having four horizontal alignments.
- the antenna therefore, according to the above method, for each beam in the elevation direction, the 8x4 antenna array can always be virtualized into a system with 4 antennas pointing to a specific elevation angle, which we call BAS k pointing to the kth elevation direction. (4).
- each NxM antenna array can form a specific elevation direction through a three-dimensional pre-coded codebook Wk , and in this elevation direction, a maximum of M horizontal directions can be formed, so in this three-dimensional pre- Under the operation of the coding matrix, we can get BAS k (M) in each elevation direction. Therefore, for the 8x4 antenna array, we can get Table 1: Table 1: 8x4 antenna array multi-beam virtual antenna BAS k (4)
- Each NxM array antenna can form a specific three-dimensional elevation direction by a precoding codebook W k, W k corresponding to each of a BAS k.
- W k, W k corresponding to each of a BAS k.
- Table 2 Codebook W corresponding to the kth beam of the 8x4 antenna array
- Beamforming is first performed in the direction of the column, and then the precoding matrix is added in the direction of the row.
- the resulting three-dimensional codebook generation method directed to an elevation beam k is represented by a matrix as follows:
- M denotes the mth precoding matrix of the shared M stream, which is the mth precoding matrix) because there may be more than one precoding matrix in the horizontal direction, and m denotes all possible precoding from The mth out of the matrix is selected.
- the method of generating the sum of the present invention will be given later.
- the three-dimensional codebook generation method of the above formula (1) is expressed in a language: multiplying each element in each column in the precoding matrix vM ' in the column direction by a precoding column vector in the column direction as a column of three-dimensional precoding The columns in the matrix, that is, the three-dimensional precoding matrix.
- the number of virtual antennas can be 1, 2, 3 or 4, up to 4.
- the number of virtual antennas can be considered as the number of columns of the NxM antenna array, and can also be considered as the number of streams in the horizontal direction after pointing in the elevation direction. The following are all using the largest number M Show, ie: BAS k (M).
- the transmitting node configures a reference signal on each beam.
- the sub-array in the antenna array spatially forms a plurality of beams pointing in different directions through the above step 101, it is not necessary to design NxM reference signals for the NxM antenna array when designing the reference signal, and only need to follow the number of beams.
- Design the reference signal for example, for the 8 x 4 antenna array to form four beams in the elevation direction, only on each BAS k (4), according to the equivalent system of up to 4 antennas, in each beam direction Design reference signals.
- the step 102 specifically includes: the transmitting node configuring, on each beam, a reference signal having the same time-frequency position and a reference signal sequence;
- the same reference signal (including the same reference signal sequence and the same reference signal) can be completely used. Template), used on different beams.
- a plurality of narrow beam patterns can be formed in the elevation direction, and orthogonal or low interference between beams can be achieved by controlling positions where a plurality of narrow beams appear on the existing space.
- the new reference signal design method is based on beam-specific reference signals, and the different beam directions point to users at different locations, so the beam-specific reference signals are also user-specific reference signals.
- the advantages of this approach are: For NxM array antenna systems, the design of the reference signal for the antenna system of the M antennas can be used directly without any other changes.
- the advantage of this method is obvious: when the transmitting node upgrades the transmitting antenna, the entire system specification does not need to be modified, and the user equipment UE does not need to make any modifications, but only needs to perform the baseband board of the transmitting node. The board can be upgraded, avoiding the high cost waste caused by replacing the transmitting node.
- step 102 specifically includes: the transmitting node configuring a reference signal having a different time-frequency position and/or a reference signal sequence on each beam.
- the time-frequency frame is determined by the time-frequency template used by the system.
- the time-frequency template provided by the prior art can be directly used. Therefore, the present invention mainly defines whether the reference signals are the same from the perspective of the reference signal sequence;
- the reference signal configured by the transmitting node to have different reference signal sequences on each beam includes:
- the transmitting node generates a cell identifier CID of each beam for a beam identification function corresponding to a beam identification BID or a beam identification BID of each beam;
- the cell identity CID of each beam is used to indicate the beam.
- the transmitting node generates an initial sequence value for each beam according to the cell identifier CID of each beam, and then generates a reference signal sequence according to the initial value of the sequence.
- the transmitting node configures the reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence to each of the beams.
- the pseudo-random sequence used for the reference signal has a maximum length sequence, GMW (Gordon-Mills-Welch, Gordon-Myers-Wei The sequence, the Legendrere sequence and the gold Gold sequence, etc., here is an example of the Gold sequence.
- GMW Gadon-Mills-Welch, Gordon-Myers-Wei
- the God sequence is used, and the Gold sequence ⁇ 'J c(n) is generated as follows:
- x 2 (n + 31) (x 2 (n + 3) + x 2 (n + 2) + x 2 (n + l) + x 2 (n)) mod2
- N c 1600 is a system parameter
- the initial value of the first sequence is all ones
- the initial value of the second sequence is C init , which will be different for different RSs.
- the M S R C S value is equal to 12 times the number of PRBs on the allocated PDSCH channel.
- c Mt 2 10 (7(n s +1) + 1 + 1)(2 +1) + 2 + N cp
- ⁇ is the number of the CID (cell identity) indicated for each UE
- n s The time slot number is 0 and 1
- N CP is CP type
- the normal (normal) CP value is 1
- the extended (extended) CP value is 0.
- CID That is, a number of cells allocated for each different transmission point. Therefore, for CSI-RS, under the array antenna, it can be changed to N S , that is, the CID of the CSI-RS is generated for each beam.
- the physical meaning is that, under each transmission point, different BIDs (beam identifiers) of the same site are used to indicate the CID generated by the CSI-RS, and the same BID can be a different beam allocation for each transmission point. Numbering. Thus different beams under each station can generate different CSI-RS reference signal sequences.
- the transmitting node configures reference signals having different reference signal sequences on each beam, including:
- the transmitting node generates a sequence initial value for each beam according to the cell identifier CID of the cell to which the cell belongs;
- the transmitting node is configured to indicate an initial value of the sequence corresponding to the beam identification BID or the beam identification BID of each beam to obtain an updated sequence initial value, and then generate each according to the updated sequence initial value.
- a reference signal sequence of the beam
- the transmitting node respectively configures reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence to each of the beams.
- the CP normal Central Processor
- the extended CP extended central processor
- CRS reference signals
- PRS Physical channels Reference Signal
- DM-RS DM-RS
- the specific initial value of the DM-RS random sequence is generated as follows:
- SCID ( /2" + 1)(2 ⁇ + 1)2 16 + ⁇ .
- SCID is a scrambling code identifier, and the values are 0 and 1, respectively.
- the specific value of the transmitting node is sent to the UE receiving the DM-RS reference signal through DCI (downlink control information) signaling, and X is CoMP.
- the CID of the next cell can also be processed in a manner similar to CSI-RS, including interpreting X as the BID of a certain beam under a certain transmission point.
- X is replaced as follows:
- the transmitting node (herein the LTE system is taken as an example, the transmitting node is the eNB), the different reference signals are transmitted on different beams, so the user equipment UE on the receiving side receives the different reference signals on each beam.
- the signal, and the UE can continuously feed back the feedback information required by the existing system, and also feed back the signal quality information of the beam subset measured on each beam. If there is a certain interference between the adjacent beams, the interference can be reduced by using different RSs, and the UE feeds back the signal quality information on different beams to facilitate the BS to perform beam allocation on the UE.
- the method further includes:
- the transmitting node sends the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service, so that the UE obtains the reference signal corresponding to the BID according to the beam identifier.
- the transmitting node sends the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service by using the downlink control information DCI or the radio resource control RRC signal.
- the BID may be indicated by the Downlink Control Information (DCI) of the system, such as the BID placed on the PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) or the enhanced PDCCH (ePDCCH).
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- ePDCCH enhanced PDCCH
- the RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling is used to indicate to the UE.
- the UE communicates in the manner that the existing system has no BID before the BID is obtained, and after obtaining the BID indication value, the indicated BID performs the generation and demodulation of the reference signal. It is conceivable that a scheme of transmitting a specific function of the BID to the UE is also possible.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal mapping method based on an antenna array. Referring to FIG. 4, the method includes the following steps:
- the user equipment acquires, by the beam identifier, a reference signal on a beam corresponding to the beam identifier.
- the user equipment UE feeds back, by using an uplink channel, the signal quality and beam parameters of the beam identifier corresponding to the beam identifier in the beam subset corresponding to the obtained reference signal to the transmitting node.
- the UE measures the signal quality from different beams on each beam.
- the beam signal quality of a subset is then fed back to the transmitting node through the upstream channel.
- Signal quality includes SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), RSRP (RS Received Power), RSRQ (RS Received Quality), RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication)
- the beam parameters include: one of EI (Elevation Indicator), AI (Azimuth Indicator), and the like. Kind or several.
- the EI and AI are the elevation and azimuth angles of the eNB relative to the communication that the UE will measure itself.
- the EI and AI values of the feedback can be the measured values and also the quantized bit values obtained from the measured results.
- EI and AI can be quantized using uniform or non-uniform quantization methods. The following are two specific embodiments of EI and AI quantization.
- mapping intervals can be used for quantization.
- the present invention is not specifically limited.
- the measurement of EI and AI can be performed by the method of measuring the DAP angle matured in the prior art, such as: MUSIC (Multi Signal Classification) algorithm, ESPRIT (Estimated signal parameters via rotational inVarianee technique,
- the feedback channel includes feedback based on a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) channel, and includes feedback based on a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel).
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- the antenna array-based reference signal mapping method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the reference signal design by forming the antenna array according to the corresponding antenna port to form different beams and configuring the same reference signal on the antenna port corresponding to the same beam. Waste system resources and improve system compatibility.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitting node 5, as shown in FIG. 5, comprising: a beamforming unit 51 and a reference signal transmitting unit 52, wherein:
- the beamforming unit 51 is configured to spatially form a plurality of beams pointing in different directions, wherein each beam is generated by beamforming from all or part of the antenna ports on the antenna array, wherein the beam direction includes an elevation direction and an orientation. Angular direction or space in any direction;
- a reference signal transmitting unit 52 is configured to configure a reference signal on each beam.
- the transmitting node provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the waste of the reference signal design to the system resources by configuring the antenna array to form different beams according to the corresponding antenna ports and configuring the same reference signal on the antenna ports corresponding to the same beam. Improve system compatibility.
- spatially adjacent beams in differently directed beams are orthogonal to each other or have low overlapping regions.
- the reference signal includes a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a positioning reference signal PRS, and a channel state information CSI reference signal CSI-RS.
- the beamforming unit 51 is specifically configured to:
- the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space
- the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the reference signal includes a user-specific demodulation reference signal DM-RS.
- the beamforming unit 51 is specifically configured to: perform independent or joint precoding on the antenna port in the first direction and the second direction to generate a spatial beam.
- the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction
- the first The direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of the space
- the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of the space.
- the transmitting node further includes a transmitting unit 53 for transmitting the beam identification BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service, so that the UE acquires the reference signal corresponding to the BID according to the beam identifier.
- the transmitting unit 53 is specifically configured to: send, by using the downlink control information DCI or the wireless resource control RRC signaling, the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service.
- the reference signal transmitting unit 52 is specifically configured to:
- Reference signals having different time-frequency locations and/or reference signal sequences are configured on each beam.
- the reference signal transmitting unit 52 includes: a beam identifying subunit 521a, configured to generate a cell identifier of each beam for a beam identification function corresponding to a beam identification BID or a beam identification BID of each beam. CID;
- a reference sequence generation sub-unit 522a configured to generate a sequence initial value for each beam according to a cell identifier CID of each beam, and then generate a reference signal sequence according to the sequence initial value; a beam configuration sub-unit 523a, configured to correspond to the reference signal sequence
- the reference signals are respectively configured to each beam.
- the reference signal transmitting unit 52 includes: an initial sequence generating subunit 521b, configured to generate a sequence initial value for each beam according to a cell identifier CID of the cell to which the cell belongs;
- the reference sequence generation sub-unit 522b is configured to configure, for each sequence initial value corresponding to each beam, an initial sequence value for indicating that the beam identification function corresponding to the beam identification BID or the beam identification BID of each beam is updated, and then according to the updated sequence.
- the initial value generates a reference signal sequence for each beam;
- the beam configuration subunit 523b is configured to respectively configure reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence to each of the beams.
- the transmitting node provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the waste of the reference signal design to the system resources by configuring the antenna array to form different beams according to the corresponding antenna ports and configuring the same reference signal on the antenna ports corresponding to the same beam. Improve system compatibility, In addition, by configuring the same or different reference signals on different beams, the UE can meet the requirements of the reference signal transmission in different scenarios, and improve system performance.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a user equipment UE6, including: a reference signal receiving unit 61 and a feedback unit 62, where
- the reference signal receiving unit 61 is configured to acquire, according to the beam identifier, a reference signal on the beam corresponding to the beam identifier;
- the feedback unit 62 is configured to feed back, by using the uplink channel, the signal quality of the beam identifier corresponding to the beam identifier in the beam subset corresponding to the acquired reference signal to the transmitting node.
- the signal quality includes at least one of a SINR, a reference signal received power RSRP, a reference signal received quality RSRQ, a received signal strength indicator RSSI, and a channel quality indicator CQI;
- the beam parameters include: an elevation indication EI and an azimuth indication AI.
- the uplink channel includes: a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH or a physical uplink control channel PUCCH.
- the UE provided by the embodiment of the present invention can receive the reference signal on different beams formed by the transmitting node configuration online array according to the antenna port, can reduce the waste of system resources caused by the reference signal design, improve system compatibility performance, and the UE passes the feedback pair.
- the signal quality of the reference signal received in each beam is transmitted to the transmitting node, so that the transmitting node adjusts the reference signal transmission strategy, thereby improving system performance.
- the transmitting node includes: at least one first processor 71, a first memory 72, a first communication interface 73, and a first bus 74, the at least one The first processor 71, the first memory 72, and the first communication interface 73 are connected by the first bus 74 and complete communication with each other.
- the first bus 74 may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture).
- ISA Industry Standard Architecture
- PCI Peripheral Component
- EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
- the first bus 74 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 7, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. among them:
- the first memory 72 is for storing executable program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
- the first memory 72 may include a high speed RAM memory and may also include a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory.
- the first processor 71 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. One or more integrated circuits.
- the first communication interface 73 is mainly used to implement communication between the device provided by the embodiment and other external devices.
- the first processor 71 is configured to spatially form a plurality of beams pointing in different directions, wherein each beam is generated by beamforming by all or part of antenna ports on the antenna array, wherein the beam direction Includes elevation direction, azimuth direction, or any direction of space; configure a reference signal on each beam.
- spatially adjacent beams in the differently directed beams are orthogonal to each other or remain low.
- the reference signal includes a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a positioning reference signal PRS, and a channel state information CSI reference signal CSI-RS.
- the first processor 71 is specifically configured to: perform the antenna port in a first direction. Precoding or mechanically changing a pointing angle of the antenna port to generate a corresponding beam, the transmitting node does not beamform the antenna port in a second direction, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, and the first direction includes The elevation direction, the azimuth direction, or any direction of the space, and the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the reference signal further includes a user-specific demodulation reference signal DM-RS;
- the first processor 71 is specifically configured to: perform independent or joint precoding on the antenna port in the first direction and the second direction to generate spatial a beam, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, the first direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space, and the second direction includes an elevation direction, an azimuth direction, or an arbitrary direction of space.
- the first processor 71 is further configured to send the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service, so that the UE acquires the reference signal corresponding to the BID according to the beam identifier.
- the first processor 71 is specifically configured to: send the beam identifier BID corresponding to the reference signal to the user equipment UE of the beam service by using downlink control information DCI or radio resource control RRC signaling.
- the optional first processor 71 is specifically configured to: Configuring a reference signal having the same time-frequency position and a reference signal sequence on each beam;
- Reference signals having different time-frequency locations and/or reference signal sequences are configured on each beam.
- the first processor 71 is further configured to: generate, according to a beam identifier BID of each beam or a beam identifier function corresponding to the beam identifier BID, a different cell identifier CID of each beam; respectively, according to each beam
- the cell identifier CID is an initial value of each beam generation sequence, and then a reference signal sequence is generated according to the sequence initial value; the reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence are respectively configured on each beam.
- the first processor 71 is configured to: generate, for each beam, a sequence initial value according to a cell identifier CID of the cell to be used; and configure, for each beam, a sequence initial value, a beam identifier BID or a beam for indicating each beam.
- the beam identification function corresponding to the BID obtains an updated sequence initial value, and then generates a reference signal sequence of each beam according to the updated sequence initial value; and the reference signals corresponding to the reference signal sequence are respectively configured to each beam.
- the transmitting node provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the waste of the reference signal design to the system resources by configuring the antenna array to form different beams according to the corresponding antenna ports and configuring the same reference signal on the antenna ports corresponding to the same beam. Improve system compatibility. In addition, by configuring the same or different reference signals on different beams, the UE can meet the requirements of the reference signal transmission in different scenarios and improve system performance.
- the transmitting node includes: at least one second processor 81, a second memory 82, a second communication interface 83, and a second bus 84, the at least one The second processor 81, the second memory 82, and the second communication interface 83 are connected by the second bus 84 and complete communication with each other.
- the second bus 84 may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture).
- ISA Industry Standard Architecture
- PCI Peripheral Component
- EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
- the second bus 84 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 8, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. among them:
- the second memory 82 is for storing executable program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
- the second memory 82 may contain high speed RAM memory and may also include non- Non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage.
- the second processor 81 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.
- CPU central processing unit
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- the second communication interface 83 is mainly used to implement communication between the device provided by the embodiment and other external devices.
- the second processor 81 is configured to obtain a reference signal on the beam corresponding to the beam identifier according to the beam identifier, and feed back, by using the uplink channel, the signal quality of the beam identifier corresponding to the beam identifier in the beam subset corresponding to the acquired reference signal.
- the signal quality includes at least one of a SINR, a reference signal received power RSRP, a reference signal received quality RSRQ, a received signal strength indicator RSSI, and a channel quality indicator CQI;
- the beam parameters include: an elevation indication EI and an azimuth indication AI.
- the uplink channel includes: a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH or a physical uplink control channel PUCCH.
- the UE provided by the embodiment of the present invention can receive the reference signal on different beams formed by the transmitting node configuration online array according to the antenna port, can reduce the waste of system resources caused by the reference signal design, improve system compatibility performance, and the UE passes the feedback pair.
- the signal quality of the reference signal received in each beam is transmitted to the transmitting node, so that the transmitting node adjusts the reference signal transmission strategy, thereby improving system performance.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a communication system 9 including any of the transmitting nodes 91 and any user equipment UE92 provided by the foregoing embodiments.
- the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the waste of system resources by designing the reference signal by configuring the antenna array to form different beams according to the corresponding antenna ports and configuring the same reference signal on the antenna ports corresponding to the same beam. Improve system compatibility; In addition, by configuring the same or different reference signals on different beams, the UE can meet the requirements of the reference signal transmission in different scenarios and improve system performance.
- the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program is executed when executed.
- the steps of the foregoing method embodiments are included; and the foregoing storage medium includes: various kinds of ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk.
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Abstract
本发明公开一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、装置及***,涉及通信领域,能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费,提高***兼容性能。该方法包括:发射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束,其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过波束成形生成,其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间任意方向;发射节点在每个波束上配置参考信号。本发明的实施例应用于参考信号映射。
Description
一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、 装置及***
本申请要求了于 2012年 11月 7日提交中国专利局,申请号为 201210441025.6、 发明名称为 "一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、 装置及***" 的中国 申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、 装置及***。 背景技术
多天线技术是无线通信***中的关键技术, 近几年在主流的无线 通信***中得到了广泛应用 , 如全球微波接入互操作 ( world interoperability for microwave access , 筒称 WiMAX ) , 长期演进 ( long term evolution , 筒称 LTE ) , 无线高保真 ( wireless fidelity , 筒称 WIFI ) 等。
在目前的主流通信***中使用多入多出 ( mutiple input multiple output,筒称 MIMO )技术都是沿一个方向排列的均匀线性阵列( uniform linear array筒称 ULA )天线, 如 2个、 4个, 以及在发射节点上使用的 最多的 8个天线。天线数越多,对发射节点的要求越高。如通常的 WIFI 使用的接入点 ( access point, 筒称 AP ) 也就是最多 4天线, 最常见的 配置也就是 1或 2天线;而地面蜂窝移动通讯***中使用的地面发射节 点, 如 LTE***的 Rel- 10 (版本 10 ) 版本, 则最多支持 8天线。 为了 解决在多天线***中参考信号设计方法的问题,现有技术一般是使得使 用的参考信号数目与使用的天线数目或***最大可能发射的数据流数 成正比。
如在下行方向, 下行参考信号的个数与天线数成正比。 如 LTE中 4天线的 CRS ( Cell Specific Reference Signal , 小区特定的参考信号) 和 4流 DM-RS (Demodulation Reference Signal ,解调参考信号)各占*** 开销的 14% , CSI-RS(Channel State Information Reference Signal , 信道 状态信息参考信号)也占用了一个子帧中的 2 个 OFDM ( Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing , 正交频分复用) 符号, 也是 14%。 因此如果***天线数进一步增加, 如增加到 32或 64 , 按现有***的 设计方法, 整个***的所有资源都用来传参考信号都不够, 而且, 对应 一种参考信号, 都需要在上行方向通过相应的资源进行反馈, 如果按现 有技术的方法进行设计, 下行发射使用的参考信号及对应的上行反馈将 占用大量的***资源, 此外由于增加了天线数而对原有***的调制、 解 调方式的修改也不利于***的兼容性。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、 装 置及***, 能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费,提高***兼容性 能。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案:
第一方面, 提供一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法,
发射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束, 其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过波束成形 生成, 其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向; 发射节点在每个波束上配置参考信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 结合第一方面具体包括: 在所述不同 指向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或者保持低的重叠区域。
在第二种可能的实现方式中,结合第一方面或第一种可能的实现方 式具体包括: 所述参考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考 信号 PRS , 信道状态信息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS。
在第三种可能的实现方式中, 结合第二种可能的实现方式具体包 括:所述发射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波 束包括:
发射节点在第一方向对所述天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方 式改变所述天线端口的指向角度生成波束,发射节点在第二方向上对所 述天线端口不作波束成形, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所 述第一方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向 包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
在第四种可能的实现方式中,结合第一方面或第一种可能的实现方 式, 所述参考信号包括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS。
在第五种可能的实现方式中, 结合第四种可能的实现方式, 所述发 射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束包括:发 射节点在第一方向和第二方向上对所述天线端口进行独立或联合预编 码生成空间上的波束, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述第 一方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向包括 仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
在第六种可能的实现方式中,结合第一方面或第一种可能的实现方 式至第五种可能的实现方式中的任一实现方式,在发射节点在每个波束 上配置参考信号后,还包括: 发射节点将所述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE, 以便所述 UE根据所述波束 标识获取所述 BID相应的参考信号。
在第七种可能的实现方式中,结合第六种可能的实现方式所述发射 节点将所述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户 设备 UE包括:
所述发射节点通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线资源控制 RRC信令将 所述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID 发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE。
在第八种可能的实现方式中,结合第一方面至第七种可能的实现方 式中的任一一种实现方式,所述发射节点在每个波束上配置参考信号包 括:
所述发射节点在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号 序列的参考信号;
或者,
所述发射节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考 信号序列的参考信号。
在第九种可能的实现方式中,结合第八种可能的实现方式所述发射 节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信号序列的参考信号包括: 所述发射节点针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID 对应的波束标识函数生成所述每个波束的小区标识 CID;
分别根据所述每个波束的小区标识 CID 为每个波束生成对应的序
列初始值, 然后根据所述序列初始值生成参考信号序列;
将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到所述每个波束上。 在第十种可能的实现方式中,结合第八种可能的实现方式所述发射 节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信号序列的参考信号包括: 所述发射节点为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标识 CID生成序列 初始值;
为所述每个波束对应的序列初始值配置用于指示所述每个波束的 波束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对应的波束标识函数得到更新的序 列初始值,然后根据所述更新的序列初始值生成所述每个波束的参考信 号序列;
将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到所述每个波束上。 第二方面, 提供一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法,
用户设备 UE 根据波束标识获取所述波束标识对应波束上的参考 信号;
所述用户设备 UE 通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信 号对应的波束子集中的所述波束标识对应波束的信号质量。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 结合第二方面, 所述信号质量包括信 干噪比 SINR , 参考信号接收功率 RSRP , 参考信号接收质量 RSRQ , 接 收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的至少一项;
所述波束参数包括:
仰角指示 EI, 方位角指示 AI。
在第二种可能的实现方式中,结合第一种可能的实现方式或第二种 可能的实现方式, 所述上行信道包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物 理上行控制信道 PUCCH。
第三方面, 提供一种发射节点, 包括:
波束成形单元, 用于将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同 方向的波束,其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经 过波束成形生成, 其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间 任意方向;
参考信号发射单元, 用于在每个波束上配置参考信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中结合第三方面具体包括:在所述不同指 向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或者保持低的重叠区域。
在第二种可能的实现方式中,结合第三方面或第一种可能的实现方 式具体包括: 所述参考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考 信号 PRS , 信道状态信息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS。
在第三种可能的实现方式中,结合第二种可能的实现方式所述波束 成形单元具体用于:
在第一方向对所述天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方式改变所 述天线端口的指向角度生成波束,发射节点在第二方向上对所述天线端 口不作波束成形, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述第一方 向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向包括仰角 方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
在第四中可能的实现方式中,结合第三方面或第一种可能的实现方 式具体包括所述参考信号包括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS。
在第五种可能的实现方式中,结合第四种可能的实现方式所述波束 成形单元具体用于:在第一方向和第二方向上对所述天线端口进行独立 或联合预编码生成空间上的波束,其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正 交, 所述第一方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第 二方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
在第六种可能的实现方式中,结合第三方面或第一种可能的实现方 式至第五种可能的实现方式中的任——种实现方式,所述发射节点还包 括发射单元用于将所述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束 服务的用户设备 UE, 以便所述 UE根据所述波束标识获取所述 BID相 应的参考信号。
在第七种可能的实现方式中,结合第六种可能的实现方式所述发射 单元具体用于: 通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线资源控制 RRC信令将所 述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE。
在第八种可能的实现方式中,结合第三方面或第一种可能的实现方 式至第七种可能的实现方式中的任——种实现方式,所述参考信号发射 单元具体用于:
在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号序列的参考信 号;
或者,
在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考信号序列的参
考信号。
在第九种可能的实现方式中, 结合第八种可能的实现方式, 所述参 考信号发射单元包括:
波束标识子单元, 用于针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束 标识 BID对应的波束标识函数生成所述每个波束的小区标识 CID; 参考序列生成子单元,用于分别根据所述每个波束的小区标识 C I D 为每个波束生成序列初始值,然后根据所述序列初始值生成参考信号序 列;
波束配置子单元,用于将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配 置到所述每个波束上。
在第十种可能的实现方式中, 结合第八种可能的实现方式, 所述参 考信号发射单元包括:
初始序列生成子单元, 用于为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标识 CID生成序列初始值;
参考序列生成子单元,用于为所述每个波束对应的序列初始值配置 用于指示所述每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对应的波 束标识函数得到更新的序列初始值,然后根据所述更新的序列初始值生 成所述每个波束的参考信号序列;
波束配置子单元, 用于将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配 置到相应的波束上。
第四方面, 提供一种 UE, 包括:
参考信号接收单元,用于根据波束标识获取所述波束标识对应波束 上的参考信号;
反馈单元,用于通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信号对 应的波束子集中的所述波束标识对应波束的信号质量。
在第一种可能的实现方式中,结合第四方面具体包括所述信号质量 包括信干噪比 SINR , 参考信号接收功率 RSRP , 参考信号接收质量 RSRQ, 接收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的至少一项; 所述波束参数包括:
仰角指示 EI, 方位角指示 AI。
在第二种可能的实现方式中, 结合第四方面或第一种可能的实现 方式所述上行信道包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物理上行控制信
道 PUCCH。
第五方面, 提供一种通信***, 包括上述的任一发射节点及上述 的任一 UE。
本发明的实施例提供的基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法、 装置及 ***, 通过将天线阵列按照对应的天线端口形成不同的波束, 在同一个 波束对应的天线端口上配置相同的参考信号, 能够降低参考信号设计对 ***资源的浪费, 提高***兼容性能。
附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明的实施例提供的一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射 方法流程示意图;
图 2 为本发明的实施例提供的一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射 方法的波束指向示意图;
图 3 为本发明的实施例提供的一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射 方法的波束成形示意图;
图 4 为本发明的另一实施例提供的一种基于天线阵列的参考信号 映射方法流程示意图;
图 5为本发明的实施例提供的一种发射节点结构示意图;
图 6为本发明的实施例提供的另一种发射节点结构示意图; 图 7为本发明的实施例提供的又一种发射节点结构示意图; 图 8为本发明的实施例提供的一种 UE结构示意图;
图 9为本发明的另一实施例提供的一种发射节点结构示意图; 图 10为本发明的另一实施例提供的一种 UE结构示意图; 图 11为本发明的实施例提供的一种通信***结构示意图。
具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而 不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明主要应用于支持多天线技术的通信领域, 例如可以应用于基 于多入多出 ( mutiple input multiple output , 筒称 MIMO ) 技术的全球微 波接入互操作 ( world interoperability for microwave access , 筒称
WiMAX ) , 长期演进 ( long term evolution , 筒称 LTE ) , 无线高保真 ( wireless fidelity , 筒称 WIFI ) 等通信***, 这里的多天线技术可以为 沿一个方向排列的均匀线性阵列( uniform linear array , 筒称 ULA )天线, 如 2个、 4个, 以及在发射节点上使用的最多的 8个天线。 在本发明中 发射节点, 包括各种发射站, 如: eNB ( evolved Node Base , 演进型基 站) , 中继节点, 使用光纤拉远后的 RRH ( Remote Radio Head远端射频 头) 单元等。 基于上述的通信***本发明的实施例, 提供一种基于天线 阵列的参考信号映射方法, 参照图 1所示, 包括以下步骤:
101、 发射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的 波束,其中每个波束由天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过波束成形 生成, 其中波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向;
可以理解的是仰角方向与方位角方向在空间上为两个正交的方向, 对于一个波束同时在仰角和方位角方向上进行调整时可以得到指向空 间任意方向的波束;此外一个天线端口对应至少一个所述天线阵列上的 天线阵元。
可选的,在所述不同指向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或 者保持低的重叠区域。
其中,参考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS ,定位参考信号 PRS , 信道状态信息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS及解调参考信号 DM-RS。
对于小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考信号 PRS , 信道状态信 息参考信号 CSI-RS , 由于 CRS、 PRS及 CSI-RS均为全向参考信号, 因此是需要在单方向 (即任意仰角方向或方位角方向) 上全向发射的, 因此步骤 101 具体为发射节点在第一方向对天线端口进行预编码或者 通过机械方式改变天线端口的指向角度生成对应的波束,发射节点在第 二方向上对所述天线端口不作波束成形, 其中第一方向与第二方向正 交, 第一方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包
括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
参照图 2所示: 阵列天线 a, 形成三个仰角方向的波束 al、 a2和 a3 , 在方位角方向上三个波束均采用全向, 如图 2所示的三个圆环表示 方位角方向全向, 图 2的发射节点的阵列天线为水平全向天线, 阵列天 线通过在仰角方向上形成的 3 个指向不同仰角的波束来指向三维空间 上的三个不同的仰角; 而水平方向 (即方位角方向上) 上不做预编码, 即在水平方向上指向所能覆盖的全部方位角的范围内(这里可以直接采 用全向天线或多扇区的定向天线, 其中全向天线是 360度, 定向天线则 为小于 360度的天线, 如 120度) 。
类似地, 也可以在方位角方向上指向不同的角度,仰角方向上做全 向或定向的覆盖。即在一个方向上用阵列天线为不同的用户指向不同的 角度, 而在另一个方向上不做预编码。 同样的, 与水平方向 (方位角方 向) 正交的仰角方向上的天线也可以是具有一定方向 (如 120度天线) 的定向扇区天线因此基于这种方法的 CSI-RS的参考信号, 是提供特定 角度上的 UE 测量和反馈的另一个没做预编码方向上的天线的空间特 性。 UE可以反馈仰角与方位角上的 CSI , 或者反馈方位角与仰角方向 上的 CSI , 或者 UE仅向 LTE 的 Rel- 12 (版本 12 ) 以前的用户一样反 馈一个方向的 CSI。
对于用户特定的定向参考信号解调参考信号 DM-RS , 步骤 101具 体为发射节点在第一方向和第二方向上对天线端口进行独立或联合预 编码生成空间上的波束, 其中第一方向与第二方向正交, 第一方向包括 仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包括仰角方向、 方位 角方向或空间任意方向。
其中通过预编码改变天线端口的指向角度可以为单纯通过预编码 的方式将 NxM的天线阵列中的所有天线端口通过一个三维预编码的码 本 Wk分别形成不同的指向角度或者辅以电控的方式改变各个天线端口 的指向角度, 或者通过传统的机械方式改变天线端口的指向角度; 以下 以发射节点采用预编码的方式对天线阵列为 8 X 4 ( 8行 4列)的天线阵 列进行参考信号映射为例进行说明, 为了本发明中实施例描述的方便, 以下内容都以垂直方向上窄波束为例来进行说明。因此在垂直方向上有 K个指向不同仰角的波束, 在垂直方向上第 k个波束, 我们称为 BASk。
参照图 3所示,假设每列天线用来形成仰角方向, 则 8x4的天线阵
列一共形成了 4个列。这 4个列在使用三维预编码后, 可以在空间方向 上最多形成 8个仰角方向图。作为一种特例,假设每个列所形成的仰角 是相同的则这四个列中的每一列可以看作一根水平方向的天线, 8x4的 天线列阵则相当于有 4 根水平方向上排列的天线, 因此按照上述的方 法, 对于每一个仰角方向上的波束, 8x4的天线阵列总可以虚拟成一个 具有 4天线的指向特定仰角的***,我们称之为指向第 k个仰角方向的 BASk (4)。
更一般的, 每个 NxM的天线阵列都可以通过一个三维预编码的码 本 Wk形成一个特定的仰角方向,在这个仰角方向上最多能够形成 M个 水平方向上的流, 因此在这个三维预编码矩阵的操作下,我们可以得到 每个仰角方向上的 BASk (M)。 因此对于 8x4 的天线阵列可以得到表 1 : 表 1 : 8x4天线阵列多波束虚拟天线 BASk (4)
每个 NxM的天线阵列都可以通过一个三维预编码的码本 Wk形成 一个特定的仰角方向, 每个 Wk对应一个 BASk。 这里能够在空间上实
现形成特定仰角方向波束的三维码本矩阵可以参照表 2 所示; 同样以 N=8, M=4的示例, 如下表 2所示。
(M)
表 2: 8x4天线阵列第 k个波束对应的码本 W
先在列的方向上做波束成形, 然后行的方向上增加预编码矩阵,得 到的指向一个仰角波束 k上的三维码本生成方法用矩阵表示如下:
其中 是波束 k 中列的方向使用的列预编码向量, 共含有 N个元 = [ 。 ^N-J其中 T表示向量或矩阵的转置, 并且有 Η·^ =1; v m{i) 个流 (列向量) , v{ii vm,M-l ,流数 i的取值范围是 [1, M],并'且. 有 ( )H 1=1/Vl H表示复数的共轭转置操作。而 M)表示共有 M流的第 m个预编码矩阵, 之所以是第 m个预编码矩阵 ), 是因为水平方向上的预编码矩阵可能 有多个, 第 m表示从这所有可能的预编码矩阵中选出第 m个出来。 本 发明后面会给出的 和 )的生成方法。
上述式( 1 )的三维码本生成方法, 用语言表述即为: 将列方向上 预编码列向量 与行方向上的预编码矩阵 vM '中的每一列 中的各个元 素相乘作为一列三维预编码矩阵中的列, 即得到三维预编码矩阵。
对最多 4列的天线阵列, 虚拟天线数量可以为 1, 2, 3或 4, 最多 为 4。 虚拟天线数量即可以认为是 NxM天线阵列的列数, 也可以认为 是指向仰角方向后在水平方向上的流数。 下面都用最大的数量 M来表
示, 即: BASk (M)。
102、 发射节点在每个波束上配置参考信号。
由于通过上述步骤 101 将天线阵列中的子阵元在空间上形成多个 指向不同方向的波束, 因此对于 NxM的天线阵列在设计参考信号时不 必设计 NxM个参考信号, 而只需按照波束的数量设计参考信号即可, 如对于 8 x 4 的天线阵列在仰角方向上形成四个波束则只需要在每个 BASk(4)上, 按最多 4天线的等效***, 在每个波束方向上来设计参考 信号。
可选的, 步骤 102具体包括: 发射节点在每个波束上配置具有相同 的时频位置及参考信号序列的参考信号;
其中, 由于每个波束之间有较强的空间隔离, 或者说每个波束之间 有的波束间干扰很低, 因此完全可以将相同的参考信号(包括相同的参 考信号序列和相同的参考信号模板), 用于不同的波束上。 具体可以在 仰角方向上形成多个窄波束的方向图,并且通过控制多个窄波束出现在 现有空间上的位置, 可以实现波束间的正交或低干扰。
从这种意义上说,新的参考信号设计方法是基于波束特定的参考信 号, 而不同的波束方向又指向不同位置的用户, 因此波束特定的参考信 号也是用户特定的参考信号。 这种方法的优势是: 对于 NxM的阵列天 线***, 可以直接使用 M个天线的天线***的参考信号的设计, 而不 需要做其它的任何改变。 这种方法的优势是明显的, 即: 当发射节点升 级了发射天线的时候, 整个***规范不需要做任何修改, 用户设备 UE 也不需要做任何修改, 而只需要对发射节点的基带板进行板件升级即 可, 避免了更换发射节点造成的高额成本浪费。
或者, 步骤 102具体包括: 发射节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同 的时频位置和 /或参考信号序列的参考信号。
其中, 时频位置是由***采用的时频模板所决定的, 本发明中可以 直接采用现有技术提供的时频模板,因此本发明主要从参考信号序列的 角度限定参考信号是否相同;
可选的,发射节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信号序列的 参考信号包括:
Sl、 发射节点针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或波束标识 BID对应 的波束标识函数生成每个波束的小区标识 CID;
其中每个波束的小区标识 CID用于指示波束。
52、 发射节点分别根据每个波束的小区标识 CID为每个波束生成 序列初始值, 然后根据序列初始值生成参考信号序列;
53、 发射节点将参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到每个波 束上。
具体的, 以 LTE协议为例, 不同的参考信号对应的伪随机序列不 同 , 其中用于参考信号的伪随机序列有最大长度序列, GMW ( Gordon-Mills-Welch, 戈登 -迈尔斯-韦尔奇) 序列, 勒让德 legendre 序列及黄金 Gold序列等, 这里以 Gold序列为例进行说明, 在 LTE协 议中使用的是 God序列, Gold序歹' J c(n)生成方式如下:
c(n) = (x1(n + Nc) + x2(n + Nc )) mod 2
(n + 31) = (x n + 3) + x1(n))mod2
x2(n + 31) = (x2(n + 3) + x2(n + 2) + x2(n + l) + x2(n))mod2 其中 Nc=1600是一个***参数, 第一个序列的初始值为全 1, 第 2 个序列的初始值为 Cinit, 这个值对不同的 RS会有所不同。
当有了 Cinit值后, 将得到的扰码序列 c转化成 QPSK符号后作为 DM-RS和 CSI-RS参考信号上传送的序列, 按下面的方式进行转换: rps(m) = -^(1- 2c(2m)) + j-^(l- 2c(2m+ l)),m= 0,1,..., Ms — 1 (2) 为序列的长度,对 CSI-RS , 值等于***的下行带宽中的 PRB
( physical resource block, 物理资源块)数, 对正常 ( normal ) CP下的 DM-RS , MS R C S值等于 12倍的分配的 PDSCH信道上的 PRB数。 同样地, 当上式(2)中的 Gold序列 c换成其它的伪随机后, 仍可以生成上述的供 参考信号使用的序列 。
对于 CSI-RS,在 Rel-11中引入 CoMP ( Coordinated Multiple Point, 协调多点) 后的生成序列的初始值如下:
cMt = 210 (7(ns +1) + 1 + 1)(2 +1) + 2 + Ncp 其中 Ν 为对每个 UE指示的 CID ( cell identity, 小区标识 ) 的编 号, ns为时隙号取值为 0和 1 , NCP为 CP类型, 正常 ( normal ) CP时 取值为 1, 扩展(extended) CP时取值为 0。 在 CoMP中, 所谓的 CID
即为每个不同的发射点分配的小区的一种编号。 因此对于 CSI-RS , 在 阵列天线下, 可以将改为 NS , 即改为针对每个波束生成 CSI-RS 的 CID。 其物理意义在于, 在每个发射点下, 同一站点的不同 BID ( beam identity, 波束标识 )来指示 CSI-RS生成的 CID , 同样的 BID可以为每 个发射点为不同的波束分配的一种编号。这样在每个站点下的不同波束 可以生成不同的 CSI-RS的参考信号序列。
或者, 可选的, 发射节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信 号序列的参考信号包括:
Sla、发射节点为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标识 CID生成序列 初始值;
S2a、 发射节点为每个波束对应的序列初始值配置用于指示每个波 束的波束标识 BID或波束标识 BID对应的波束标识函数得到更新的序 列初始值, 然后根据更新的序列初始值生成每个波束的参考信号序列;
S3a、 发射节点将参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到每个波 束上。
同样的, 以将 CoMP中引入 LTE Rel- 11中的 CID重新定义虽然是 一种很自由的做法, 但是协议可能需要做重新解释, 而且在同时存在 CoMP和 AAS的条件下 CID的指示会很复杂, 它需要同时区别不同的 发射点和同一个发射点下的不同的 BID。 另一种方法是在不修改NS5I的 前提下, 增加一个对 BID指示的函数, 有如下多种方案。
ctait = 210 (7(ns + 1) + 1 + 1)(2N^ + 1) + 2N: C D SI + Ncp 其中: N 1 = N: C D SI + f ( , 即将 的值用
+ f^ ^来代替,其中 1为符号标识,normal
CP ( normal Central Processor ,常规中央处理器)时取值为 0-6 , extended CP ( extended Central Processor , 扩展中央处理器) 时取值为 0-5。
或者直接在生成的初始值的后面加上 BID的函数。
cMt = 210 (7(ns + 1) + 1 + 1)(2 +1) + 2 + Ncp + f(ND eam) 这里的函数 f (N^am)表示 BID的函数, 函数可以有多种, 如: f(x) = x 或者 f ( x) = xm。dN即表示对某个整数 N 来进行取整, 或者是与***中的
其它参数形成的函数, 这里不对具体的函数形式做限定。
为了保证与 LTE Rel- 11 ***的兼容, 可以使 f (N am)的初始值默认 为 0, 这样 Rel- 11 的 UE就可以按 ∞111) =0的方式直接接入到***, 而不需要修改 UE的行为;而对 Rel- 12之后的 UE则可以根据***通知 的 BID以及规定的函数类型来得到 CSI-RS序列生成时的参考信号。
同样的,对于参考信号 CRS, PRS,DM-RS的处理方式,与 CRS-RS 类似。
具体的 DM-RS随机序列的初始值的生成方法为:
=( /2」 + 1)(2Χ + 1)216 + σ。 其中 nSCID为扰码标识, 取值分别为 0和 1, 它的具体数值发射节 点会通过 DCI ( Downlink Control Information, 下行控制信息) 信令发 给接收 DM-RS参考信号的 UE, X为 CoMP下的小区的 CID, 同样可 以用类似于 CSI-RS的方式来处理 DM-RS, 包括将 X解释为某个发射 点下的某个波束的 BID。 另外是按下面方式代替 X:
X = X+ f(N*am) 或者:
= (L¾ 12」 + 1)(2X + 1)216 + nSCID + f «, 具体的, CRS生成扰码的方式与 ( 1 ) 式相同, 只是 CRS的初始 值的生成方法不同:
cinit = 210 (7(ns +1) + 1 + 1)(2N∞U +1) + 2N∞U + Ncp N∞u = N∞u + f(N*am) 或者: cinit =210(7(ns+l) + l + 1)(2N∞U +1) + 2N∞U + NCP + f «, 同样的, PRS生成扰码的方式与 ( 1 ) 式相同, 只是 PRS的初始值 的生成方法不同, PRS扰码的生成方式以及初始值与 CRS完全相同:
cinit = 210 (7(ns +1) + 1 + 1)(2N∞U +1) + 2N∞U + NCP
或者:
cinit = 210(7(ns + l) + l + 1)(2N∞U + 1) + 2N∞U + NCP + f ( 纖) 这样 ,由于发射的参考信号序列的不同决定了对应的发射节点(这 里由于以 LTE***为例说明因此发射节点即 eNB ) 在不同的波束上发 射了不同的参考信号, 因此在接收侧的用户设备 UE按每个波束上使用 不同的参考信号来接收信号,并且 UE可以不断反馈现有***需要的反 馈信息,同时还反馈对每个波束上进行测量得到的波束子集的信号质量 信息。这样相邻波束之间若存在一定的干扰, 则这种干扰可以通过使用 不同的 RS来减少, 同时 UE反馈了不同波束上的信号质量信息, 以方 便于 BS对 UE进行波束分配。
进一步的, 该方法还包括:
103、发射节点将参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至波束服务的 用户设备 UE, 以便 UE根据波束标识获取 BID相应的参考信号。
可选的, 发射节点通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线资源控制 RRC信 令将参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至波束服务的用户设备 UE。 具 体这里 BID 可以通过***的下行控制信息 DCI ( Downlink Control Information ,下行控制信息)来指示,比如将 BID放到 PDCCH( Physical Downlink Control Channel , 物理下行控制信道 )或 ePDCCH ( enhanceed PDCCH, 增强的 PDCCH ) 信道中。 或者是通过 RRC ( Radio Resource Control, 无线资源控制)信令来向 UE进行指示。 UE在未得到 BID之 前按现有***无 BID的方式进行通信, 在得到 BID的指示值后, 则所 指示的 BID的进行参考信号的生成与解调。可以想到的是,通过将 BID 的特定函数发送至 UE的方案也是可行的。
本发明的实施例提供一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法, 参 照图 4所示, 包括以下步骤:
201、 用户设备 UE根据波束标识获取波束标识对应波束上的参考 信号。
202、 用户设备 UE通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信 号对应的波束子集中的波束标识对应波束的信号质量和波束参数。
这里 UE在每个波束上测量来自不同波束上的信号质量。然后将一 个子集的波束信号质量通过上行信道反馈给发射节点。 信号质量包括 SINR ( Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio , 信干噪比), RSRP ( RS Received Power, 参考信号接收功率) , RSRQ ( RS Received Quality , 参考信号接收质量) , RSSI ( Received Signal Strength Indication , 接收 信号强度指示) , CQI(Channel Quality Indicator , 信道质量指示) 等中 的一种或几种; 波束参数包括: EI ( Elevation Indicator , 仰角指示) , AI(Azimuth Indicator, 方位角指示)等中的一种或几种。
这里的 EI和 AI为 UE将自己测量到的相对于通信的 eNB的仰角 和方位角。反馈的 EI和 AI值可以是实测到的值, 也是根据实测结果得 到的量化比特值。 可以使用均匀或非均匀量化的方法来量化 EI和 AI , 下面是 EI和 AI量化的两个具体的实施例。
使用 2比特对 EI量化指示如下表所示
EI 和 AI 的测量可以通过现有技术中成熟的达波角的测量方法进 行, 如: MUSIC ( Multiple Signal Classification , 多信号分类) 算法, ESPRIT(Estimated signal parameters via rotational inVarianee technique ,
反馈信道包括基于 PUSCH ( Physical Uplink Shared Channel , 物理 上行共享信道) 信道的反馈, 还包括基于 PUCCH ( Physical Uplink Control Channel , 物理上行控制信道) 进行的反馈。
本发明的实施例提供的基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法, 通过 将天线阵列按照对应的天线端口形成不同的波束,在同一个波束对应的 天线端口上配置相同的参考信号,能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的 浪费, 提高***兼容性能。
本发明的实施例提供一种发射节点 5 , 参照图 5所示, 包括: 波束 成形单元 51和参考信号发射单元 52 , 其中:
波束成形单元 51 , 用于将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不 同方向的波束,其中每个波束由天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过 波束成形生成, 其中波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方 向;
参考信号发射单元 52 , 用于在每个波束上配置参考信号。
本发明的实施例提供的发射节点, 通过将天线阵列按照对应的天 线端口形成不同的波束,在同一个波束对应的天线端口上配置相同的参 考信号,能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费,提高***兼容性能。
可选的,在不同指向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或者保 持低的重叠区域。
可选的, 参考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考信号 PRS , 信道状态信息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS; 则波束成形单元 51具体用 于:
在第一方向对天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方式改变天线端 口的指向角度生成对应的波束,发射节点在第二方向上对天线端口不作 波束成形, 其中第一方向与第二方向正交, 第一方向包括仰角方向、 方 位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间 任意方向。
可选的, 参考信号包括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS; 则波束 成形单元 51具体用于: 在第一方向和第二方向上对天线端口进行独立 或联合预编码生成空间上的波束, 其中第一方向与第二方向正交, 第一
方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包括仰角方 向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
进一步的, 参照图 5所示, 发射节点还包括发射单元 53用于将参 考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至波束服务的用户设备 UE, 以便 UE 根据波束标识获取 BID相应的参考信号。
可选的, 所述发射单元 53具体用于: 通过下行控制信息 DCI或无 线资源控制 RRC信令将参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至波束服务 的用户设备 UE。
可选的, 参考信号发射单元 52具体用于:
在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号序列的参考信 号;
或者,
在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考信号序列的参 考信号。
进一步可选的, 参照图 6所示, 参考信号发射单元 52包括: 波束标识子单元 521a, 用于针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或波束 标识 BID对应的波束标识函数生成每个波束的小区标识 CID;
参考序列生成子单元 522a,用于分别根据每个波束的小区标识 CID 为每个波束生成序列初始值, 然后根据序列初始值生成参考信号序列; 波束配置子单元 523a, 用于将参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别 配置到每个波束上。
进一步可选的, 参照图 7所示, 参考信号发射单元 52包括: 初始序列生成子单元 521b , 用于为每个波束根据所属小区的小区 标识 CID生成序列初始值;
参考序列生成子单元 522b , 用于为每个波束对应的序列初始值配 置用于指示每个波束的波束标识 BID或波束标识 BID对应的波束标识 函数得到更新的序列初始值,然后根据更新的序列初始值生成每个波束 的参考信号序列;
波束配置子单元 523b , 用于将参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配 置到每个波束上。
本发明的实施例提供的发射节点, 通过将天线阵列按照对应的天线 端口形成不同的波束, 在同一个波束对应的天线端口上配置相同的参考 信号, 能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费, 提高***兼容性能,
此外通过在不同的波束上配置相同或不同的参考信号能够满足不同场景 下 UE对参考信号的发射要求, 提高***性能。
参照图 8 所示, 本发明的实施例提供一种用户设备 UE6 , 包括: 参考信号接收单元 61和反馈单元 62 , 其中,
参考信号接收单元 61 , 用于根据波束标识获取波束标识对应波束 上的参考信号;
反馈单元 62 , 用于通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信 号对应的波束子集中的波束标识对应波束的信号质量。
可选的, 信号质量包括 SINR , 参考信号接收功率 RSRP , 参考信 号接收质量 RSRQ, 接收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的 至少一项; 波束参数包括: 仰角指示 EI , 方位角指示 AI。
可选的, 上行信道包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物理上行控 制信道 PUCCH。
本发明的实施例提供的 UE , 能够接收发射节点配置在线阵列按照 天线端口形成的不同的波束上的参考信号,能够降低参考信号设计对系 统资源的浪费, 提高***兼容性能, 同时 UE通过反馈对在各个波束中 接收的参考信号的信号质量至发射节点,以便发射节点调整参考信号发 射策略, 提高了***性能。
本发明的实施例提供一种发射节点 7 , 参照图 7所示, 该发射节点 包括: 至少一个第一处理器 71、 第一存储器 72、 第一通信接口 73和第 一总线 74 , 该至少一个第一处理器 71、 第一存储器 72和第一通信接口 73通过第一总线 74连接并完成相互间的通信。
该第一总线 74 可以是工业标准体系结构 ( Industry Standard Architecture , 筒称为 ISA )总线、 夕卜部设备互连 ( Peripheral Component , 筒称为 PCI )总线或扩展工业标准体系结构( Extended Industry Standard Architecture , 筒称为 EISA )总线等。该第一总线 74可以分为地址总线、 数据总线、 控制总线等。 为便于表示, 图 7中仅用一条粗线表示, 但并 不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。 其中:
第一存储器 72用于存储可执行程序代码, 该程序代码包括计算机 操作指令。 第一存储器 72可能包含高速 RAM存储器,也可能还包括非 易失性存储器 ( non- volatile memory ), 例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
第一处理器 71可能是一个中央处理器 (Central Processing Unit , 筒称为 CPU ) , 或者是特定集成电路 ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit, 筒称为 ASIC ), 或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多 个集成电路。
第一通信接口 73 , 主要用于实现本实施例提供的设备与其他外部 设备之间的通信。
其中第一处理器 71用于将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不 同方向的波束,其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口 经过波束成形生成, 其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空 间任意方向; 在每个波束上配置参考信号。
可选的,在所述不同指向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或 者保持低的重叠区域。
可选的, 所述参考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考 信号 PRS , 信道状态信息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS; 第一处理器 71具体用 于:在第一方向对所述天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方式改变所述 天线端口的指向角度生成对应的波束,发射节点在第二方向上对所述天 线端口不作波束成形, 其中第一方向与第二方向正交, 第一方向包括仰 角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包括仰角方向、 方位角 方向或空间任意方向。
可选的, 参考信号还包括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS ; 第一 处理器 71具体用于: 在第一方向和第二方向上对天线端口进行独立或 联合预编码生成空间上的波束, 其中第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 第 一方向包括仰角方向、方位角方向或空间任意方向, 第二方向包括仰角 方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
进一步的, 第一处理器 71还用于将参考信号对应的波束标识 BID 发送至波束服务的用户设备 UE, 以便 UE根据波束标识获取 BID相应 的参考信号。
可选的, 第一处理器 71具体用于: 通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线 资源控制 RRC信令将参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至波束服务的 用户设备 UE。
可选的所述第一处理器 71具体用于:
在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号序列的参考信 号;
或者,
在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考信号序列的参 考信号。
进一步可选的所述第一处理器 71具体用于: 针对每个波束的波束 标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对应的波束标识函数生成每个波束的不 同的小区标识 CID; 分别根据每个波束的小区标识 CID为每个波束生 成序列初始值, 然后根据序列初始值生成参考信号序列; 将参考信号序 列对应的参考信号分别配置到每个波束上。
可选的,第一处理器 71具体用于为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标 识 CID生成序列初始值; 为每个波束对应的序列初始值配置用于指示每 个波束的波束标识 BID或波束标识 BID对应的波束标识函数得到更新的 序列初始值,然后根据更新的序列初始值生成每个波束的参考信号序列; 将参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到每个波束上。
本发明的实施例提供的发射节点, 通过将天线阵列按照对应的天线 端口形成不同的波束, 在同一个波束对应的天线端口上配置相同的参考 信号, 能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费, 提高***兼容性能, 此外通过在不同的波束上配置相同或不同的参考信号能够满足不同场景 下 UE对参考信号的发射要求, 提高***性能。
本发明的实施例提供一种用户设备 UE8 , 参照图 8所示, 该发射节 点包括: 至少一个第二处理器 81、 第二存储器 82、 第二通信接口 83和 第二总线 84 , 该至少一个第二处理器 81、 第二存储器 82和第二通信接 口 83通过第二总线 84连接并完成相互间的通信。
该第二总线 84 可以是工业标准体系结构 ( Industry Standard Architecture , 筒称为 ISA )总线、 夕卜部设备互连 ( Peripheral Component , 筒称为 PCI )总线或扩展工业标准体系结构( Extended Industry Standard Architecture , 筒称为 EISA )总线等。该第二总线 84可以分为地址总线、 数据总线、 控制总线等。 为便于表示, 图 8中仅用一条粗线表示, 但并 不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。 其中:
第二存储器 82用于存储可执行程序代码, 该程序代码包括计算机 操作指令。 第二存储器 82可能包含高速 RAM存储器,也可能还包括非
易失性存储器 ( non- volatile memory ), 例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
第二处理器 81可能是一个中央处理器 (Central Processing Unit , 筒称为 CPU ) , 或者是特定集成电路 ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit, 筒称为 ASIC ), 或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多 个集成电路。
第二通信接口 83 ,主要用于实现本实施例提供的设备与其他外部设 备之间的通信。
其中, 第二处理器 81用于根据波束标识获取波束标识对应波束上 的参考信号;通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信号对应的波 束子集中的波束标识对应波束的信号质量。
可选的, 信号质量包括 SINR , 参考信号接收功率 RSRP , 参考信 号接收质量 RSRQ, 接收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的 至少一项; 波束参数包括: 仰角指示 EI , 方位角指示 AI。
可选的, 上行信道包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物理上行控 制信道 PUCCH。
本发明的实施例提供的 UE , 能够接收发射节点配置在线阵列按照 天线端口形成的不同的波束上的参考信号,能够降低参考信号设计对系 统资源的浪费, 提高***兼容性能, 同时 UE通过反馈对在各个波束中 接收的参考信号的信号质量至发射节点,以便发射节点调整参考信号发 射策略, 提高了***性能。
本发明的实施例提供一种通信*** 9 , 包括上述实施例提供的任一 发射节点 91和任一用户设备 UE92。
本发明的实施例提供的通信***, 通过将天线阵列按照对应的天 线端口形成不同的波束,在同一个波束对应的天线端口上配置相同的参 考信号,能够降低参考信号设计对***资源的浪费,提高***兼容性能; 此外通过在不同的波束上配置相同或不同的参考信号能够满足不同场 景下 UE对参考信号的发射要求, 提高***性能。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解: 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部 分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成,前述的程序可以存储于一 计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时,执行包括上述方法实施例 的步骤; 而前述的存储介质包括: ROM、 RAM , 磁碟或者光盘等各种
可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本 发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims
1、 一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法, 其特征在于,
发射节点将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束, 其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过波束成形生 成, 其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向; 发射节点在每个波束上配置参考信号。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述不同指向的波 束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或者保持低的重叠区域。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述参考信号包 括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考信号 PRS , 信道状态信息参考信 号 CSI-RS。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射节点将发射 天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束包括:
发射节点在第一方向对所述天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方式 改变所述天线端口的指向角度生成波束, 发射节点在第二方向上对所述 天线端口不作波束成形, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述 第一方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向包 括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述参考信号包 括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射节点将发射 天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方向的波束包括: 发射节点在第一 方向和第二方向上对所述天线端口进行独立或联合预编码生成空间上的 波束, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述第一方向包括仰角 方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向包括仰角方向、 方位 角方向或空间任意方向。
7、 根据权利要求 1 ~6中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在发射节 点在每个波束上配置参考信号后, 还包括: 发射节点将所述参考信号对 应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE, 以便所述 UE根 据所述波束标识获取所述 B I D相应的参考信号。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于所述发射节点将所述参 考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE包括:
所述发射节点通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线资源控制 RRC信令将所 述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE。
9、 根据权利要求 1 ~8所述的任一方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射节点 在每个波束上配置参考信号包括:
所述发射节点在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号序 列的参考信号;
或者,
所述发射节点在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考信 号序列的参考信号。
10、 根据权利要求 9 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射节点在每 个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信号序列的参考信号包括:
所述发射节点针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对 应的波束标识函数生成所述每个波束的小区标识 CID;
分别根据所述每个波束的小区标识 C I D为每个波束生成序列初始值, 然后根据所述序列初始值生成参考信号序列;
将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到所述每个波束上。
11、 根据权利要求 9 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射节点在每 个波束上配置具有不相同的参考信号序列的参考信号包括:
所述发射节点为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标识 CID生成序列初 始值;
为所述每个波束对应的序列初始值配置用于指示所述每个波束的波 束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对应的波束标识函数得到更新的序列初 始值, 然后根据所述更新的序列初始值生成所述每个波束的参考信号序 列;
将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置到所述每个波束上。
12、 一种基于天线阵列的参考信号映射方法, 其特征在于,
用户设备 UE 根据波束标识获取所述波束标识对应波束上的参考信 号;
所述用户设备 UE 通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信号 对应的波束子集中的所述波束标识对应波束的信号质量和波束参数。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述信号质量包括 信干噪比 SINR, 参考信号接收功率 RSRP , 参考信号接收质量 RSRQ ,
接收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的至少一项; 所述波束参数包括:
仰角指示 EI, 方位角指示 AI。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 13 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上行信 道包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物理上行控制信道 PUCCH。
15、 一种发射节点, 其特征在于, 包括:
波束成形单元, 用于将发射天线阵列在空间上形成多个指向不同方 向的波束, 其中每个波束由所述天线阵列上的全部或部分天线端口经过 波束成形生成, 其中所述波束方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任 意方向;
参考信号发射单元, 用于在每个波束上配置参考信号。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 在所述不同指 向的波束中空间上相邻的波束间相互正交或者保持低的重叠区域。
17、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述参 考信号包括小区特定的参考信号 CRS , 定位参考信号 PRS , 信道状态信 息 CSI参考信号 CSI-RS。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述波束成形 单元具体用于:
在第一方向对所述天线端口进行预编码或者通过机械方式改变所述 天线端口的指向角度生成波束, 发射节点在第二方向上对所述天线端口 不作波束成形, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述第一方向 包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方向包括仰角方 向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
19、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述参 考信号还包括用户特定的解调参考信号 DM-RS。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述波束成形 单元具体用于: 在第一方向和第二方向上对所述天线端口进行独立或联 合预编码生成空间上的波束, 其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向正交, 所述第一方向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向, 所述第二方 向包括仰角方向、 方位角方向或空间任意方向。
21、 根据权利要求 15~20中的任一项所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 还包括发射单元用于将所述参考信号对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波
束服务的用户设备 UE, 以便所述 UE根据所述波束标识获取所述 BID相 应的参考信号。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述发射单元具体 用于: 通过下行控制信息 DCI或无线资源控制 RRC信令将所述参考信号 对应的波束标识 BID发送至所述波束服务的用户设备 UE。
23、 根据权利要求 15~22 所述的任一发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述 参考信号发射单元具体用于:
在每个波束上配置具有相同的时频位置及参考信号序列的参考信 号;
或者,
在每个波束上配置具有不相同的时频位置和 /或参考信号序列的参考 信号。
24、 根据权利要求 23所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述参考信号 发射单元包括:
波束标识子单元, 用于针对每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束标 识 BID对应的波束标识函数生成所述每个波束的小区标识 CID;
参考序列生成子单元, 用于分别根据所述每个波束的小区标识 CID 为每个波束生成序列初始值, 然后根据所述序列初始值生成参考信号序 列;
波束配置子单元, 用于将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配 置到所述每个波束上。
25、 根据权利要求 23所述的发射节点, 其特征在于, 所述参考信号 发射单元包括:
初始序列生成子单元,用于为每个波束根据所属小区的小区标识 CID 生成序列初始值;
参考序列生成子单元, 用于为所述每个波束对应的序列初始值配置 用于指示所述每个波束的波束标识 BID或所述波束标识 BID对应的波束 标识函数得到更新的序列初始值, 然后根据所述更新的序列初始值生成 所述每个波束的参考信号序列;
波束配置子单元, 用于将所述参考信号序列对应的参考信号分别配置 到所述每个波束上。
26、 一种 UE, 其特征在于, 包括:
参考信号接收单元, 用于根据波束标识获取所述波束标识对应波束 上的参考信号;
反馈单元, 用于通过上行信道向发射节点反馈获取到的参考信号对 应的波束子集中的所述波束标识对应波束的信号质量和波束参数。
27、 根据权利要求 26所述的 UE, 其特征在于, 所述信号质量包括: 信干噪比 SINR,参考信号接收功率 RSRP ,参考信号接收质量 RSRQ, 接收信号强度指示 RSSI和信道质量指示 CQI中的至少一项;
所述波束参数包括:
仰角指示 EI, 方位角指示 AI。
28、 根据权利要求 26或 27所述的 UE, 其特征在于, 所述上行信道 包括: 物理上行共享信道 PUSCH或物理上行控制信道 PUCCH。
29、 一种通信***, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 15~25 所述的任一 发射节点及权利要求 26~28所述的任一 UE。
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