WO2014069518A1 - 自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性の測定方法および測定装置 - Google Patents
自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性の測定方法および測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014069518A1 WO2014069518A1 PCT/JP2013/079386 JP2013079386W WO2014069518A1 WO 2014069518 A1 WO2014069518 A1 WO 2014069518A1 JP 2013079386 W JP2013079386 W JP 2013079386W WO 2014069518 A1 WO2014069518 A1 WO 2014069518A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/08—Testing mechanical properties
- G01M11/081—Testing mechanical properties by using a contact-less detection method, i.e. with a camera
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the dynamic stiffness of an outer panel of an automotive part.
- Patent Document 2 uses a tension stiffness measurement head that is integrally provided with a load meter and a displacement meter, and presses the indenter of the tension stiffness measurement head against a certain part of the outer panel placed horizontally on the measurement table.
- the outer panel is deformed and the load is measured with a load meter.
- the outer panel is deformed by pressing the indenter with a predetermined load. Then, after the displacement gauge is reset to zero in the deformed state, the displacement of the indenter until the unloading is completed is measured while reducing the load by retracting the indenter from the deformed state.
- Patent Document 3 The method described in Patent Document 3 is to measure the tension rigidity of an outer panel of an automobile body by attaching a pressing test unit to a robot arm. In this method, the jumping deformation of the outer panel is accurately measured. For this reason, a substantially cylindrical indenter made of an aluminum material is attached to the pressure test unit via a load measurement load cell, and after moving the pressure test unit to the front of a certain part of the outer panel with a robot arm, While pressing the indenter against the outer panel with a hydraulic cylinder driven by a manual hydraulic pump, the displacement of the indenter is measured by a dial gauge.
- the method described in Patent Document 4 is to measure the tension rigidity of the roof panel of the automobile body, and in this method, in order to prevent a decrease in measurement accuracy due to misalignment between the load meter and the pressing shaft during measurement work,
- a support member is supported by an arm that extends horizontally above the vehicle body, and the support member supports a press shaft for applying a load to the roof panel so as to be movable up and down, and a displacement meter that detects the amount of movement of the press shaft.
- the support member supports the slider provided with a load meter facing the rear end of the pressing shaft so as to be movable up and down, and supports an air cylinder for driving the slider up and down, and the air cylinder supports the slider.
- JP 59-009542 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-070730 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-018947 No. 07-014857
- a simple sensory evaluation has been performed at the manufacturing site regarding the dynamic tension rigidity of the outer panel. This evaluation is performed by judging whether or not a sticking sound is generated by stroking the outer panel along the curved surface while an inspector applies a load with a palm or cloth. At manufacturing sites and quality assurance sites, pass / fail judgments based on the presence or absence of sticky noise generated by such a simple sensory evaluation are sufficient. An effective evaluation method is required. In quantitative evaluation, in addition to the presence or absence of the generation of sticky sounds, the acoustic data of the sticky sounds is analyzed to collect information such as the volume of the sound (sound pressure level) and the level (frequency band). And dynamic tension stiffness can be evaluated in detail.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a measuring method and a measuring device for dynamic tension stiffness of an outer panel of an automobile part that advantageously solves the problems of the prior art.
- the method for measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive part according to the present invention that achieves the above-described object For an automobile that measures the deformation state of the measured outer panel by deforming the measured outer panel by pressing an indenter with a predetermined load in a predetermined pressing direction intersecting the surface of the measured outer panel.
- Photographing the grid on the surface of the board panel simultaneously and repeatedly from multiple positions with multiple cameras Based on the photographed image data, the three-dimensional position information of the grid is calculated from the association with the reference marker, and the change in the deformation state of the measured outer panel due to the movement of the indenter is measured. It is characterized by outputting as deformation data.
- the pressing direction is downward
- the load for pressing the indenter against the surface of the outer panel to be measured is set based on the weight of the weight provided on the indenter.
- the lower side as the pressing direction is not limited to the lower side in the vertical direction, and may be inclined to about ⁇ 20 ° from the lower side in the vertical direction.
- the sound generated when the measured outer panel is deformed by the load of the indenter is sampled by an acoustic sampling means. Output as data.
- the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive part that achieves the above-described object, For an automobile that measures the deformation state of the measured outer panel by deforming the measured outer panel by pressing an indenter with a predetermined load in a predetermined pressing direction intersecting the surface of the measured outer panel.
- An indenter pressing moving means for moving the indenter in a direction orthogonal to the pressing direction while pressing the indenter against the surface of the measured part of the outer panel to be measured with the load;
- a plurality of cameras for simultaneously and repeatedly photographing the grid on the surface of the measured outer panel deformed by the load of the indenter from a plurality of positions; Based on the image data captured by the plurality of cameras, the three-dimensional position information of the grid is calculated from the association with the reference marker, and the change in the deformation state of the measured outer panel due to the movement of the indenter is calculated.
- the pressing direction is downward
- the load for pressing the indenter against the surface of the outer panel to be measured is set based on the weight of the weight provided on the indenter.
- the lower side as the pressing direction is not limited to the lower side in the vertical direction, and may be inclined to about ⁇ 20 ° from the lower side in the vertical direction.
- the sound generated when the measured outer panel is deformed by the load of the indenter is collected and output as acoustic data. Sound collecting means.
- the dynamic tension rigidity of the outer panel to be measured is evaluated based on the panel deformation data and the acoustic data.
- a tension stiffness evaluation means There is a tension stiffness evaluation means.
- a grid arranged in a regular grid pattern is transferred to the surface of the measured portion of the measured outer panel.
- a reference marker whose three-dimensional position information is known in advance is arranged around the measurement site of the measurement skin panel, and the indenter is pressed against the surface of the measurement site of the measurement skin panel with the load.
- the grid on the surface of the measured outer panel deformed by the load of the indenter is simultaneously and repeatedly photographed from a plurality of positions with a plurality of cameras, Based on the captured image data, the three-dimensional position information of the grid is calculated from the association with the reference marker, and the change in the deformation state of the outer panel to be measured accompanying the movement of the indenter is measured. Since it is output as panel deformation data, it is possible to quantitatively measure the load at the time of sticky sound due to jumping deformation caused by moving load, and the deformation behavior of the outer panel. Quantitative evaluation of a series of panel deformation behaviors associated with indenter movement in automotive parts such as roofs, and rationally implement measures to improve the dynamic tension rigidity of outer panel of automotive parts be able to.
- the sound generated when the measured outer panel is deformed by the load of the indenter is collected by the sound collecting means and output as acoustic data.
- a grid arranged in a regular grid pattern is transferred to the surface of the measurement target portion of the measured outer panel, and three-dimensional position information is preliminarily placed around the measurement target portion of the measured outer panel.
- the grid on the surface of the measured outer panel deformed by the load of the indenter is photographed simultaneously and repeatedly from a plurality of positions by a plurality of cameras, and the reference marker is based on the photographed image data
- the three-dimensional position information of the grid is calculated from the association, and the change in the deformation state of the outer panel to be measured accompanying the movement of the indenter is measured and output as panel deformation data, and depending on the load of the indenter
- the sound generated when the measured outer panel is deformed is collected by the sound sampling means and output as acoustic data, so when a moving load is applied to the outer panel in automotive parts such as doors, engine hoods, and roofs.
- a grid arranged in a regular grid pattern is transferred to the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel,
- a reference marker whose three-dimensional position information is known in advance is arranged around the measurement site of the measurement target outer panel, and the indenter pressing moving means is arranged on the surface of the measurement target part of the measurement target outer panel on the surface of the measurement target.
- the indenter is moved in a direction orthogonal to the pressing direction while pressing with the load, and a plurality of cameras position the grid on the surface of the measured outer panel deformed by the load of the indenter at a plurality of positions.
- the calculation means calculates the three-dimensional position information of the grid from the association with the reference marker based on the image data captured by the plurality of cameras, and repeatedly transfers the indenter. Since the change in the deformation state of the panel to be measured due to the measurement is measured and output as panel deformation data, the method of the present invention is performed to generate a sticking sound due to jumping deformation caused by the moving load. Load and the deformation behavior of the outer panel can be measured quantitatively, so that a series of panel deformation behaviors accompanying the movement of the indenter can be quantitatively detected in automobile parts such as doors, hoods, and roofs. It can be evaluated and a policy for improving the dynamic rigidity of the outer panel of the automobile part can be rationally taken.
- the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive part further comprising dynamic tension stiffness evaluation means for evaluating the dynamic tension stiffness of the measured outer panel based on the panel deformation data and the acoustic data.
- a grid arranged in a regular grid pattern is transferred to the surface of the measurement target portion of the measurement target outer panel, and three-dimensional position information is previously provided around the measurement target portion of the measurement target outer panel. Is determined, and the indenter pressing moving means presses the indenter against the surface of the measurement target portion of the outer panel to be measured with the load, while the indenter is orthogonal to the pressing direction.
- a plurality of cameras photograph the grid on the surface of the outer panel to be measured deformed by the load of the indenter simultaneously and repeatedly from a plurality of positions. Based on image data captured by a plurality of cameras, the grid 3D position information is calculated from the association with the reference marker, and the change in the deformation state of the measured outer panel due to the movement of the indenter is measured. And the sound collection means collects the sound generated when the measured outer panel is deformed by the load of the indenter and outputs it as the sound data.
- the outer panel is determined from the sound pressure level and frequency band of the sticking sound generated when a moving load is applied to the outer panel.
- the schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the dynamic tension rigidity measuring apparatus of the outer panel of the automotive component of this invention used for one Embodiment of the dynamic tension rigidity measuring method of the outer panel of the automotive component of this invention. It is. It is a top view which shows an example of the grid pattern used for the dynamic tension rigidity measuring apparatus of the outer panel of the automotive component of the embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the reference
- Another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive part of the present invention is used in another embodiment of the method of measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive part of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of an outer panel of an automotive component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an example of a grid pattern used in the dynamic tension stiffness measuring apparatus for the outer panel of the automotive component according to the above-described embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the reference
- the apparatus for measuring a dynamic tension of an outer panel of an automobile part is configured such that the indenter is pressed against the surface of the measured outer panel with a predetermined load in a predetermined pressing direction intersecting the surface.
- the panel panel is deformed to measure the deformed state of the measured outer panel, and as shown in FIG. 1, the measured panel support 1 for fixing and supporting the measured outer panel P in a substantially horizontal state.
- a grid 2 arranged in a regular grid as illustrated in FIG. 2 and displayed in advance on the surface of the measurement site of the measurement outer panel P supported on the measurement panel support 1.
- the outer frame 3 arranged around the measured portion of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1 and displayed on the outer frame 3 as illustrated in FIG.
- Reference marker 4 whose three-dimensional position information is known in advance and A predetermined pressing direction intersecting the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1 is pressed downward in the vertical direction indicated by an arrow Z here.
- the indenter 5 is provided.
- the apparatus for measuring the dynamic stiffness of an outer panel of an automotive part also has a predetermined indenter 5 on the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1.
- the indenter horizontal moving device 6 as an indenter pressing moving means that moves in the horizontal direction indicated by an arrow Y, which is a direction orthogonal to the pressing direction, while being pressed by a load, and deformed by the load of the indenter 5
- the plurality of grids on the surface of the measured outer panel P are simultaneously and repeatedly photographed from a plurality of positions, here four digital cameras 7 to 10 and based on image data photographed by the digital cameras 7 to 10, respectively.
- the three-dimensional position information of the grid 2 is calculated from the association with the reference marker 4, and the change in the deformation state of the outer panel to be measured accompanying the movement of the indenter 5 is measured.
- each of the grids 2 illustrated in FIG. 2 has a circular shape with a diameter of 3 mm, and is arranged with a space of 15 mm in two directions orthogonal to each other to form a regular lattice pattern.
- the grid 2 is, for example, transferred by painting or etching along the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel P, or the grid pattern printed on a soft or hard film is measured.
- the surface of the measurement site of the panel P can be attached, or the grid pattern can be directly marked or printed on the surface of the measurement site of the panel P to be measured.
- the reference marker 4 illustrated in FIG. 3 includes, for example, the frame portion and the thick plate portion of the outer frame 3 in which a plurality of thick plate portions each having a thickness of 15 mm are mounted on a rectangular frame portion. Each of them is displayed in a plurality of squares, each of which forms a square of 10 mm in length and width, and is arranged with a gap of 10 mm in two directions orthogonal to each other to form a regular lattice pattern.
- the three-dimensional position information of the reference marker 4 is known in advance.
- the indenter horizontal moving device 6 illustrated in FIG. 1 has a portal arm 6a whose central portion extends horizontally in a predetermined y-axis direction, and the portal arm 6a is orthogonal to the extending direction of the central portion.
- An x-axis drive mechanism (not shown) that horizontally moves in the x-axis direction indicated by an arrow X in the figure, a head 6b that is movably supported along the center of the portal arm 6a, and the head 6b that is portal-shaped.
- a y-axis drive mechanism (not shown) that horizontally moves in the y-axis direction indicated by the arrow Y in the figure along the center of the arm 6a, a displacement meter that detects the amount of y-axis movement, and a head 6b indicated by the arrow Z in the figure.
- a pressing rod 6c whose upper end is supported so as to be movable up and down in the vertical z-axis direction and whose axis extends in the z-axis direction, and the amount of up-and-down movement of the pressing rod 6c is detected.
- Displacement meter 6d and its pressing Is mounted on an intermediate portion of the rod 6c and has a weight 6e giving a load to the indenter 5, the indenter 5 is attached to the lower end of the pressing rod 6c.
- the indenter 5 can move freely in the vertical direction by the upward / downward movement of the pressing rod 6c, and the indenter 5 moves smoothly on the surface of the panel P to be measured, that is, always measured according to a complicated panel shape. It is preferable that the surface in contact with the panel P to be measured has a curved shape so that the contact between the panel P and the indenter 5 is stabilized.
- the length of the indenter 5 (width orthogonal to the moving direction) is set to 200 mm or less assuming the wiping operation of the outer panel with a palm, and is set to 100 mm here.
- the indenter 5 abuts the panel to be measured P by the total weight of the weights of the weight 6e, the pressing rod 6c, and the indenter 5 and presses the panel to be measured P, thereby applying the load on the panel to be measured P.
- the load can be adjusted by, for example, replacing the weight 6e with a different weight.
- the dynamic tension stiffness measuring method for an outer panel of an automotive part according to this embodiment which is performed using the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension of an outer panel of an automotive part according to this embodiment, first, The grid 2 is transferred to the surface of the measurement site of the panel P to be measured, which is an outer panel, and then the periphery of the panel P to be measured is fixedly supported on the panel support base 1 to be measured.
- the outer frame 3 displaying the reference marker 4 is placed on the surface around the measurement site, and the four digital cameras 7 to 10 whose positions are fixed are imaged, and the reference marker 4 is covered.
- the indenter 5 After removing from the measurement panel P, the indenter 5 is pressed from above with the load adjusted as described above to the measurement site of the measurement panel P to bend and deform the measurement site of the measurement panel P downward, Next, indenter horizontal movement equipment 6 moves the indenter 5 horizontally in the y-axis direction, and the indenter 5 applies a moving load to the part to be measured of the panel P to be measured.
- the grid 2 is simultaneously photographed, and the photographing is repeated until the movement of the indenter 5 of a predetermined distance is completed, and the computer 11 inputs the horizontal and vertical movement distance of the indenter 5 at the time of the photographing, and is substantially continuously. Record.
- the computer 11 that also inputs and records the captured images performs arithmetic processing from those images as will be described later to calculate the three-dimensional position data of each grid 2, and uses it as panel deformation data for the display. Display output on the device screen. From the three-dimensional position data of these grids 2, the state of change of the surface shape of the panel P to be measured that changes with the movement of the indenter 5 can be measured with high accuracy, and the deformation behavior of the outer panel when a sticking sound is generated can be grasped. As a result, the dynamic tension rigidity of the outer panel can be measured with high accuracy.
- the computer 11 calculates the three-dimensional position information of the grid 2 from the association with the reference marker 4 based on the image data taken by the four digital cameras 7 to 11 (hereinafter referred to as cameras 1 to 4).
- cameras 1 to 4 An explanation will be given of the principle of position measurement by an optical method.
- the position measuring principle has been disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-204468 by the applicant of the present application, and the outline thereof will be described below.
- the two-dimensional pixel M (x, y) of the digital camera is represented by the following (1). Projected as shown in the equation.
- ⁇ is an arbitrary real number.
- A is a matrix for converting physical coordinates into image coordinates, and is called a camera calibration matrix.
- R and T are matrices that define the direction and position in the camera space. P defined by A, R, and T is called a camera matrix.
- A, R, and T are configured as shown in the following equation (2).
- a u , a v , u 0 , v 0 , s Five parameters (a u , a v , u 0 , v 0 , s) of the camera calibration matrix A are calculated from the focal length of the camera lens, the coordinates of the image center, the scale factor in the x and y directions, and the shear coefficient. This is a camera-specific value. Since the position and direction of the camera change with each measurement, it is necessary to identify the R and T matrices each time. In the method of this embodiment, a method described later is used to identify a total of 12 parameters constituting the R and T matrices.
- the processing is started, first, the internal parameter A of the digital camera that is known in advance is set, and the digital images of the cameras 1 to 4 are acquired. Then, by image processing, the reference marker 4 in the digital image is recognized, and the two-dimensional coordinates of each pattern are acquired. Note that the three-dimensional coordinates of this pattern are known in advance. Since the two-dimensional coordinates and the three-dimensional coordinates of the acquired reference marker 4 have the relationship of the above-described expression (1), it is unknown by inputting the two-dimensional coordinates and the three-dimensional coordinates associated with this expression. 12 parameters of R and T can be calculated. At this time, the greater the number of points to be recognized, the better the identification accuracy of R and T.
- the R and T matrices can be obtained, and the camera matrix P is calculated from this and the internal parameter A as shown in the following equation (3).
- the grid pattern in the digital image is recognized from the digital images of the cameras 1 to 4 by image processing, and the two-dimensional coordinates of the center of each grid 2 of the grid pattern are acquired. This process is repeated for each of the four cameras 1 to 4 at different positions.
- processing for restoring a three-dimensional shape from the grid patterns recognized by the four cameras 1 to 4 whose camera matrix P is known by the above processing is performed.
- the two-dimensional coordinates of an arbitrary grid P1 [k] are acquired from the images of the cameras 1 to 4.
- Equation (5) is derived from the camera parameters and the two-dimensional coordinates (x, y), (x ′, y ′) of the cameras 1 and 2. Since this formula has four formulas of unknowns X, Y, and Z, the three-dimensional coordinates of X, Y, and Z can be estimated by using a generalized inverse matrix.
- the three-dimensional coordinate X12 is estimated from P1 [k] and P2 [j] using this equation.
- the validity of the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) obtained here is verified whether it is inside the measurement region. If the coordinates are unrealistic, the process proceeds to the next P2.
- the grid coordinate P3 [l] of the camera 3 is subsequently acquired.
- three-dimensional coordinates are estimated from three points P1 [k], P2 [j], and P3 [l].
- the validity of the calculated three-dimensional coordinates is verified.
- the grid coordinate P4 [m] of the camera 4 is acquired, and this time, the three-dimensional coordinate is estimated from the four points P1 [k], P2 [j], P3 [l], and P4 [m].
- the load at the time of occurrence of the sticking sound due to the jumping deformation caused by the moving load and The deformation behavior of the outer panel over a wide range can be quantitatively measured and evaluated.
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive component of the present invention, which is used in another embodiment of the method of measuring the dynamic stiffness of the outer panel of the automotive component of the present invention.
- It is a basic diagram which shows one Embodiment, In the figure, the part similar to previous embodiment is shown with the code
- the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension of the outer panel of the automotive component also presses the indenter with a predetermined load in a predetermined pressing direction intersecting the surface of the outer panel to be measured.
- the measurement outer panel is deformed to measure the deformation state of the measured outer panel, and as shown in FIG. 4, the measured outer panel P is fixed and supported in a substantially horizontal state.
- a grid arranged in a regular grid pattern as shown in FIG. 2 and displayed in advance on the surface of the measurement site of the table 1 and the measurement outer panel P supported on the measurement panel support table 1 2, an outer frame 3 arranged around the measured portion of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1, and displayed on the outer frame 3 as illustrated in FIG.
- a reference marker whose three-dimensional position information is known in advance 4 and a predetermined pressing direction that intersects the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1 in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow Z in this case. And an indenter 5 pressed downward. Since the grid 2 and the reference marker 4 are the same as those used in the previous embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the apparatus for measuring the dynamic stiffness of an outer panel of an automotive part also has a predetermined indenter 5 on the surface of the measured part of the measured outer panel P supported on the measured panel support 1.
- the indenter horizontal moving device 6 as an indenter pressing moving means that moves in the horizontal direction indicated by an arrow Y, which is a direction orthogonal to the pressing direction, while being pressed by a load, and deformed by the load of the indenter 5
- the plurality of grids on the surface of the measured outer panel P are simultaneously and repeatedly photographed from a plurality of positions, here four digital cameras 7 to 10 and based on image data photographed by the digital cameras 7 to 10, respectively.
- the three-dimensional position information of the grid 2 is calculated from the association with the reference marker 4, and the change in the deformation state of the outer panel to be measured accompanying the movement of the indenter 5 is measured.
- It has a normal computer 11 as a calculation means that displays and outputs the outer panel panel deformation data on the screen of the spray device, and further collects the sound generated when the outer panel P to be measured is deformed by the load of the indenter 5
- a normal microphone 12 is provided as sound collecting means for inputting the sound data to the computer 11 and outputting it on the screen of the display device. Note that the indenter 5 and the indenter horizontal movement device 6 are the same as those used in the previous embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the dynamic tension stiffness measuring method for an outer panel of an automotive part according to this embodiment which is performed using the apparatus for measuring the dynamic tension of an outer panel of an automotive part according to this embodiment, first, The grid 2 is transferred to the surface of the measurement site of the panel P to be measured, which is an outer panel, and then the periphery of the panel P to be measured is fixedly supported on the panel support base 1 to be measured.
- the outer frame 3 displaying the reference marker 4 is placed on the surface around the measurement site, and the four digital cameras 7 to 10 whose positions are fixed are imaged, and the reference marker 4 is covered.
- the indenter 5 After removing from the measurement panel P, the indenter 5 is pressed from above with the load adjusted as described above to the measurement site of the measurement panel P to bend and deform the measurement site of the measurement panel P downward, Next, indenter horizontal movement equipment 6 moves the indenter 5 horizontally in the y-axis direction, and the indenter 5 applies a moving load to the part to be measured of the panel P to be measured, while the four digital cameras 7 to 10 use the surface of the part to be measured on the panel P to be measured. The grid 2 is simultaneously photographed, and the photographing is repeated until the movement of the indenter 5 of a predetermined distance is completed, and the computer 11 inputs the horizontal and vertical movement distance of the indenter 5 at the time of the photographing, and is substantially continuously. Record.
- the microphone 12 generates the sound generated from the measured panel P.
- the sound is continuously collected, converted into acoustic data that is an electrical signal, and input to the computer 11, and the computer 11 also records the acoustic data substantially continuously.
- the computer 11 that also inputs and records the captured images performs arithmetic processing from those images as will be described later to calculate the three-dimensional position data of each grid 2, and uses it as panel deformation data for the display. Display output on the device screen.
- the computer 11 calculates the three-dimensional position information of the grid 2 from the association with the reference marker 4 based on the image data captured by the four digital cameras 7 to 11 (hereinafter referred to as cameras 1 to 4).
- cameras 1 to 4 the principle of position measurement by an optical method is the same as that in the previous embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the state of change in the surface shape of the panel P to be measured that changes with the movement of the indenter 5 can be measured with high accuracy, and the deformation behavior of the outer panel when a sticking sound is generated As a result, the dynamic tension rigidity of the outer panel can be measured with high accuracy.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of acoustic data obtained from the sound collected at the time of deformation of the outer panel by the dynamic tension stiffness measuring apparatus for the outer panel of the automotive part according to the above embodiment. It is a graph shown as a time-dependent change of the sound pressure level of the high sound range divided into two with a low sound range, (a) Acoustic data when a sticky sound generate
- the computer 11 further includes a dynamic tension.
- the stiffness evaluation means the dynamic tension stiffness of the panel P to be measured is evaluated based on the panel deformation data and the acoustic data, and the evaluation result is displayed and output together on the screen of the display device.
- the computer 11 filters the acoustic data, for example, into a plurality of high frequency ranges, for example, 400 Hz as a boundary within the human audible frequency band, and a low frequency range of less than 400 Hz.
- a sound pressure level threshold value as a failure in the high sound range that tends to be harsh
- set the sound pressure level threshold value as a problem higher in the low sound range where the sticky sound is less worrisome than in the high sound range
- the peak in the change over time in the sound pressure level in each sound range at that time When comparing the sound pressure level threshold, which is a problem in the sound range, simply evaluating the sticky sound collected over the entire audible frequency band. Evaluated also was in the human sense, and outputs the result of the evaluation.
- the moving load is applied to the outer panel. It is possible to evaluate in detail the dynamic tension stiffness of the outer panel from the sound pressure level and frequency band of the sticking sound that occurs when the And a series of panel deformation behaviors accompanying the movement of the indenter can be quantitatively evaluated. This makes it possible, for example, to identify the part shape and structural factors that influence the sound pressure level. Measures for improving the dynamic tension rigidity of the outer panel can be rationally implemented.
- the indenter 5 is:
- a cylindrical, round bar, or bowl-shaped member fixed to the lower end portion of the pressing rod 6c with the curved surface facing downward may be used, and the indenter 5 may be given a constant load by, for example, an air cylinder instead of the weight 6e.
- the number of cameras may be two as long as the fixed positions are known, and the measurement accuracy can be further increased by increasing the number of cameras.
- the grid 2 transferred to the surface of the panel P to be measured which is pressed by the indenter 5 is photographed by the digital cameras 7 to 10.
- the reference marker 4 is held by a magnet or the like on the back side surface instead of the side to be processed, and the digital marker 7 is sequentially blocked by the indenter 5 between the reference marker 4 and the grid 2 transferred to the back side surface. You may be allowed to shoot at ⁇ 10.
- the panel P to be measured is supported substantially horizontally and a load is applied downward in the vertical direction by the indenter 5, but the downward direction as the pressing direction of the indenter 5 is not limited to the downward in the vertical direction. You may incline to about +/- 20 degrees from the direction lower direction. Further, the panel to be measured P is supported substantially vertically as in the mounting posture to the vehicle body, and a load is applied in the horizontal direction by the indenter 5 which can be given a constant load by, for example, the air cylinder or a crank arm with a weight lowered. May be.
- the microphone 12 is used as the sound collecting means, but instead of this, a pickup coil that electromagnetically detects the vibration of the panel P to be measured and a vibration of the panel P to be mechanically detected.
- a piezo element or the like may be used.
- the load and the wide range of the outer panel that are caused by the sticking noise caused by the jumping deformation caused by the moving load. Can be quantitatively measured and evaluated.
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Abstract
Description
被測定外板パネルの表面にその表面と交差する所定押し当て方向へ圧子を所定荷重で押し当てて前記被測定外板パネルを変形させ、前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態を測定する自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定方法において、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に、規則的な格子状に配置されたグリッドを転写し、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の周辺に、予め3次元位置情報が判明している基準マーカーを配置し、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に前記圧子を前記荷重で押し当てつつ、前記圧子を前記押し当て方向と直交する方向へ移動させながら、その圧子の荷重により変形した前記被測定外板パネルの表面の前記グリッドを複数のカメラで複数の位置から同時にかつ繰返し撮影し、
前記撮影した画像データに基づき、前記基準マーカーとの対応付けから前記グリッドの3次元位置情報を演算して、前記圧子の移動に伴う前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態の変化を測定し、パネル変形データとして出力することを特徴とするものである。
前記押し当て方向は下方であり、
前記圧子を前記被測定外板パネルの表面に押し当てる荷重は、前記圧子に設けた錘の重量に基づいて設定される。
ここで、前記押し当て方向としての下方は、鉛直方向下方に限定されず、鉛直方向下方から±20°程度まで傾斜していても良い。
被測定外板パネルの表面にその表面と交差する所定押し当て方向へ圧子を所定荷重で押し当てて前記被測定外板パネルを変形させ、前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態を測定する自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置において、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に転写された、規則的な格子状に配置されたグリッドと、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の周辺に配置された、予め3次元位置情報が判明している基準マーカーと、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に前記圧子を前記荷重で押し当てつつ、前記圧子を前記押し当て方向と直交する方向へ移動させる圧子押し当て移動手段と、
前記圧子の荷重により変形した前記被測定外板パネルの表面の前記グリッドを複数の位置から同時にかつ繰返し撮影する複数のカメラと、
前記複数のカメラが撮影した画像データに基づき、前記基準マーカーとの対応付けから前記グリッドの3次元位置情報を演算して、前記圧子の移動に伴う前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態の変化を測定し、パネル変形データとして出力する演算手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするものである。
前記押し当て方向は下方であり、
前記圧子を前記被測定外板パネルの表面に押し当てる荷重は、前記圧子に設けた錘の重量に基づいて設定される。
ここで、前記押し当て方向としての下方は、鉛直方向下方に限定されず、鉛直方向下方から±20°程度まで傾斜していても良い。
2 グリッド
3 外枠
4 基準マーカー
5 圧子
6 圧子水平移動装置
7,8,9,10 デジタルカメラ
11 コンピューター
12 マイクロフォン
P 被測定パネル
Claims (7)
- 被測定外板パネルの表面にその表面と交差する所定押し当て方向へ圧子を所定荷重で押し当てて前記被測定外板パネルを変形させ、前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態を測定する自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定方法において、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に、規則的な格子状に配置されたグリッドを転写し、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の周辺に、予め3次元位置情報が判明している基準マーカーを配置し、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に前記圧子を前記荷重で押し当てつつ、前記圧子を前記押し当て方向と直交する方向へ移動させながら、その圧子の荷重により変形した前記被測定外板パネルの表面の前記グリッドを複数のカメラで複数の位置から同時にかつ繰返し撮影し、
前記撮影した画像データに基づき、前記基準マーカーとの対応付けから前記グリッドの3次元位置情報を演算して、前記圧子の移動に伴う前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態の変化を測定し、パネル変形データとして出力することを特徴とする自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定方法。 - 前記押し当て方向は下方であり、
前記圧子を前記被測定外板パネルの表面に押し当てる荷重は、前記圧子に設けた錘の重量に基づいて設定されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定方法。 - 前記圧子の荷重による被測定外板パネルの変形時に発生した音響を音響採取手段で採取し、音響データとして出力することを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定方法。
- 被測定外板パネルの表面にその表面と交差する所定押し当て方向へ圧子を所定荷重で押し当てて前記被測定外板パネルを変形させ、前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態を測定する自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置において、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に転写された、規則的な格子状に配置されたグリッドと、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の周辺に配置された、予め3次元位置情報が判明している基準マーカーと、
前記被測定外板パネルの被測定部位の表面に前記圧子を前記荷重で押し当てつつ、前記圧子を前記押し当て方向と直交する方向へ移動させる圧子押し当て移動手段と、
前記圧子の荷重により変形した前記被測定外板パネルの表面の前記グリッドを複数の位置から同時にかつ繰返し撮影する複数のカメラと、
前記複数のカメラが撮影した画像データに基づき、前記基準マーカーとの対応付けから前記グリッドの3次元位置情報を演算して、前記圧子の移動に伴う前記被測定外板パネルの変形状態の変化を測定し、パネル変形データとして出力する演算手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置。 - 前記押し当て方向は下方であり、
前記圧子を前記被測定外板パネルの表面に押し当てる荷重は、前記圧子に設けた錘の重量に基づいて設定されることを特徴とする、請求項4記載の自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置。 - 前記圧子の荷重による前記被測定外板パネルの変形時に発生した音響を採取し、音響データとして出力する音響採取手段を備えることを特徴とする、請求項4または5記載の自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置。
- 前記パネル変形データおよび前記音響データに基づき前記被測定外板パネルの動的張り剛性を評価する動的張り剛性評価手段を備えることを特徴とする、請求項6記載の自動車用部品の外板パネルの動的張り剛性測定装置。
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EP3002580B1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-09-11 | Sofradim Production | Assessment of shear forces distribution at fixation points of textile-based implants |
CN104596889A (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-06 | 大连交通大学 | 一种检测两相以上金属变形流动的压缩方法 |
JP2017116270A (ja) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 硬さ試験機 |
JP2021186833A (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-13 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス成形品の剛性評価方法、形状決定方法およびプレス成形品 |
JP7264116B2 (ja) | 2020-05-29 | 2023-04-25 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス成形品の剛性評価方法、形状決定方法およびプレス成形品の製造方法 |
CN116067290A (zh) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-05 | 西安航天动力研究所 | 一种发动机静力试验的位移测试方法及位移测试*** |
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EP2916122A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
JP5858170B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 |
CN104769411A (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
KR20150060938A (ko) | 2015-06-03 |
US20150292999A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
EP2916122B1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
KR101731893B1 (ko) | 2017-05-02 |
EP2916122A4 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
US9709473B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 |
CN104769411B (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
JPWO2014069518A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
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