WO2014024448A1 - Battery pack, electric vehicle provided with same, and power storage device - Google Patents
Battery pack, electric vehicle provided with same, and power storage device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014024448A1 WO2014024448A1 PCT/JP2013/004689 JP2013004689W WO2014024448A1 WO 2014024448 A1 WO2014024448 A1 WO 2014024448A1 JP 2013004689 W JP2013004689 W JP 2013004689W WO 2014024448 A1 WO2014024448 A1 WO 2014024448A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal plate
- battery pack
- bus bar
- battery
- electrode terminal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
- H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
- H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/522—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/526—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery pack in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series with a bus bar, and more particularly, to a battery pack using a metal plate clad material for a bus bar, an electric vehicle equipped with the battery pack, and a power storage device.
- the battery pack can connect a plurality of battery cells in series to increase the output voltage and increase the output.
- a metal plate bus bar is connected to electrode terminals of a plurality of battery cells by a method such as welding or screwing, and the battery cells are connected in series with the bus bar.
- the bus bar connects both battery cells in series by connecting both ends to the electrode terminals of the battery cells.
- the metal of the electrode terminal is not necessarily the same metal, and the electrode terminal of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of different metals.
- a lithium ion battery has a positive electrode terminal made of aluminum and a negative electrode terminal made of copper.
- the bus bar for connecting the battery cells in series can be connected in an ideal state with one end connected to the positive terminal being aluminum and the other end connected to the negative terminal being copper.
- a bus bar welded to an electrode terminal is stably welded as the same metal as the electrode terminal, but is not welded in an ideal state as a dissimilar metal.
- the same metal as the electrode terminal can be stably connected over a long period of time while preventing electrolytic corrosion.
- the clad bus bar is plated on the entire bus bar in order to prevent corrosion of the surface.
- the surface of the aluminum plate is nickel-plated, an alloy of nickel and aluminum is formed at the time of welding, and this alloy has the disadvantage that the contact state is deteriorated and the plating cost is increased.
- An important object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack capable of stably connecting battery cells in series with the bus bar, an electric vehicle including the battery pack, and a power storage device while reducing the manufacturing cost of the bus bar.
- a plurality of battery cells 1 and 51 having different electrode terminals 2 and 52 are connected by a bus bar 3 made of a metal plate.
- the bus bar 3 is a metal clad material 30 formed by joining a first metal plate 31 made of an aluminum plate and a second metal plate 32 made of a metal different from the first metal plate 31. Furthermore, the bus bar 3 connects the battery cells 1 in series by connecting the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 to the electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the adjacent battery cells 1. Furthermore, in the bus bar 3, the first metal plate 31 has the fitting groove 35 at the clad boundary 33 formed by joining the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32, and the second metal plate 32 is fitted.
- the fitting projection 36 fitted into the fitting groove 35, the fitting projection 36 is inserted into the fitting groove 35, and the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are in pressure contact, and the cladding boundary 33
- the outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on both sides of the bus bar, and a plating layer 34 is provided on the surface of the second metal plate 32.
- the “aluminum plate” of the first metal plate is used in a broad sense including an aluminum alloy plate.
- the battery packs described above are characterized in that the battery cells can be stably connected in series with the bus bar while reducing the manufacturing cost of the bus bar.
- the bus bar of the battery pack is a clad material formed by joining a first metal plate made of an aluminum plate and a second metal plate that is not an aluminum plate, and the first metal plate is at the clad boundary of the clad material.
- the fitting protrusion of the second metal plate is inserted into the fitting groove, the first metal plate and the second metal plate are pressed, and the outer wall of the fitting groove of the first metal plate is formed at the cladding boundary. This is because a plating layer is provided on the surface of the second metal plate so as to be exposed on both surfaces of the bus bar.
- the bus bar made of the clad material having this structure has both the first metal plate and the second metal plate made of an aluminum plate at the clad boundary, and the aluminum plate is exposed on the surface, thereby exposing the aluminum plate.
- the area of the plating layer plated on the surface of the second metal plate can be reduced. For this reason, since the area of a plating layer can be made small, plating cost can be reduced and a bus bar can be mass-produced cheaply.
- the bus bar is one in which each battery cell is connected in series and is used in a large number. By reducing the manufacturing cost, the manufacturing cost of the battery pack can be considerably reduced.
- the battery pack of the present invention uses the fitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3 as the V groove 35a, and the fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 inserted into the fitting groove 35 as the V groove. It can be set as the protruding item
- the above battery pack can be joined by pressure-contacting the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar without any gap.
- the fitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3 is formed as a U groove 35b having a U-shaped cross section, and the second metal inserted into the fitting groove 35.
- the fitting protrusion 36 of the plate 32 can be a ridge 36b fitted into the U groove 35b.
- the first metal plate 31 has a plurality of rows of fitting grooves 35 parallel to each other, and the second metal plate 32 has a fitting protrusion 36 into which each fitting groove 35 is fitted. Can do.
- the battery packs described above can be joined in pressure contact with each other so as not to remove the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar more firmly.
- the second metal plate 32 is made of copper or a copper alloy
- the battery cell 1 is a lithium ion battery
- the first metal plate 31 is used as the positive terminals 2A and 52A of the lithium ion battery
- the second metal plate is used. 32 can be connected to the negative electrode terminals 2B and 52B of the lithium ion battery.
- “copper plate” of the second metal plate is used in a broad sense including a copper alloy plate. The above battery pack can reliably connect the battery cells with the bus bar while increasing the charge capacity with respect to the volume and weight by using the battery cells as lithium ion batteries.
- the battery pack of the present invention includes a voltage detection circuit 21 that detects the voltage of the battery cell 1, the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 is a copper plate, and a voltage detection terminal 23 is connected to the surface of the copper plate.
- the lead wire 22 can be connected to the detection terminal 23, and the electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the battery cell 1 can be connected to the voltage detection circuit 21 via the lead wire 22.
- the above battery pack can detect the voltage of a battery cell correctly over a long period of time by connecting a voltage detection terminal to a 2nd metal plate stably, and a voltage detection circuit.
- the battery pack of the present invention can be connected to the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 by welding the bus bar 3.
- the above battery pack has a feature that the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminals of the battery cells in a stable and low resistance state.
- the battery pack of the present invention can be connected to the electrode terminal 52 of the battery cell 1 by screwing the bus bar 3.
- the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminal of the battery cell with simple equipment.
- the electric vehicle of the present invention includes any one of the battery packs 100 described above, a traveling motor 93 supplied with power from the battery pack 100, a vehicle main body 90 on which the battery pack 100 and the motor 93 are mounted, and a motor. And a wheel 97 for driving the vehicle main body 90.
- the power storage device of the present invention includes any of the battery packs 100 described above and a power supply controller 84 that controls charging / discharging of the battery pack 100.
- the power supply controller 84 can charge the battery pack 100 with external power and can control the battery pack 100 to be charged.
- FIG. 8 It is a perspective view of the battery pack concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the battery pack shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the battery pack concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the internal structure of a battery cell. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of a bus bar. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of a bus bar. It is a top view which shows a bus bar and a voltage detection terminal. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the process of connecting an adjacent electrode terminal with a bus bar. It is a perspective view which shows the connection structure of the electrode terminal shown in FIG. 8, and a bus bar.
- the embodiment described below exemplifies a battery pack for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, an electric vehicle including the battery pack, and a power storage device, and the present invention includes a battery pack and an electric motor including the battery pack.
- the vehicle and the power storage device are not specified as follows.
- the member shown by the claim is not what specifies the member of embodiment.
- the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent members described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the description unless otherwise specified. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation.
- each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
- the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
- the battery packs 1 to 3 show battery packs according to an embodiment of the present invention, which are mainly mounted on an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and supply electric power to a vehicle driving motor to drive the vehicle.
- the battery pack 100 used for is shown.
- the battery pack 100 shown in these drawings is connected to a battery stack 9 formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells 1 having electrode terminals 2 and the electrode terminals 2 of adjacent battery cells 1 so that the battery cells 1 are connected in series.
- the bus bar 3 is connected, a lead wire 22 connected to the voltage detection terminal 23 of the bus bar 3, and a voltage detection circuit 21 connected to the battery cell 1 via the lead wire 22.
- the battery stack 9 has a plurality of battery cells 1 insulated from each other and fixed in a stacked state.
- the battery laminate 9 has end plates 4 disposed at both ends thereof. The pair of end plates 4 are connected by a connector 5 to fix the battery stack 9 in a stacked state.
- Battery cell 1 is a square battery. Furthermore, the battery cell 1 is a lithium ion battery. However, the battery pack of the present invention can use a cylindrical battery cell without specifying the battery cell as a rectangular battery. Moreover, it is not specified also as a lithium ion battery, For example, a nickel-water battery etc. can be used.
- the battery cell 1 contains an electrode body 10 in which positive and negative electrode plates are stacked in an outer can 11 and is filled with an electrolyte (not shown), and the opening is a sealing plate 12. It is hermetically sealed.
- the illustrated outer can 11 is formed into a square cylinder that closes the bottom, and the upper opening is airtightly closed by the sealing plate 12. Moreover, between the battery cells 1 can be insulated by interposing an insulating spacer 6 as necessary.
- the outer can 11 is obtained by deep drawing a metal plate such as aluminum and has a conductive surface.
- the battery cells 1 to be stacked are formed into thin squares.
- the sealing plate 12 is made of a metal plate such as aluminum which is the same metal as the outer can 11.
- the sealing plate 12 has positive and negative electrode terminals 2 fixed to both ends via an insulating material 13.
- the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 are connected to built-in positive and negative electrode plates.
- the lithium ion battery does not connect the outer can 11 to the electrode.
- the outer can 11 is connected to the electrode plate via the electrolytic solution, it has an intermediate potential between the positive and negative electrode plates.
- a battery cell can also connect one electrode terminal to an armored can with a lead wire.
- the battery cell can be fixed to the sealing plate without insulating the electrode terminal connected to the outer can.
- the battery pack 100 has a plurality of battery cells 1 stacked to form a rectangular parallelepiped block-shaped battery stack 9.
- the battery cell 1 has a block shape in which the surface on which the electrode terminal 2 is provided, in FIG. 2, the sealing plate 12 is laminated so as to be on the same plane.
- the electrode terminal 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the block.
- the battery pack 100 is laminated in a state in which the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 at both ends of the sealing plate 12 are reversed left and right.
- the electrode terminals 2 adjacent on both sides of the block are connected by a bus bar 3, and the battery cells 1 are connected in series.
- Both ends of the bus bar 3 are connected to the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 to connect the battery cells 1 in series.
- the battery cells 1 are connected in series to increase the output voltage.
- the battery cells are connected in series and in parallel to increase the output voltage and output current. You can also
- the electrode terminal 2 is fixed to the sealing plate 12 via an insulating material 13, and its tip is cylindrical or columnar.
- the electrode terminal is connected to the bus bar 3 by being inserted into a through hole 38 provided in the bus bar 3 in a columnar shape, a polygonal column shape, or a shape in which a ring is provided so as to protrude outward from the upper end surface.
- the positive electrode terminal 2 and the negative electrode terminal 2 are not the same metal but different metals.
- the positive electrode terminal 2A is aluminum and the negative electrode terminal 2B is copper.
- the bus bar 3 connected to the electrode terminal 2 is made of a clad material 30 that joins dissimilar metals so that it can be connected to the electrode terminals 2 of dissimilar metals in an ideal state.
- the clad material 30 presses and joins the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32.
- the first metal plate 31 is an aluminum plate made of the same metal as the positive electrode terminal 2 ⁇ / b> A of the lithium ion battery that is the battery cell 1.
- the second metal plate 32 is a copper plate made of the same metal as the negative electrode terminal 2 ⁇ / b> B of the lithium ion battery that is the battery cell 1.
- the bus bar 3 of the clad material 30 uses the first metal plate 31 as an aluminum plate, but the second metal plate 32 is a metal plate different from the first metal plate 31 and is ideal for the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1. A metal plate that can be connected in a state is selected. Therefore, the second metal plate 32 is not necessarily specified as a copper plate, and a metal plate that can be connected to one electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 is used.
- the aluminum plate of the first metal plate 31 is formed with an aluminum oxide film on the surface, and corrosion is prevented.
- the aluminum plate can be laser welded in a preferable state by irradiating a laser beam.
- the 1st metal plate 31 which consists of aluminum plates does not need to provide a plating layer on the surface.
- the 2nd metal plate 32 which is not an aluminum plate can prevent the corrosion of the surface by providing the plating layer 34 on the surface, and can also be efficiently welded by preventing the reflection of the laser beam. Therefore, the second metal plate 32 is provided with a plating layer 34 on the surface. Nickel plating is used for the plating layer 34.
- Nickel plating has the characteristics that the corrosion of the surface of the second metal plate 32 can be prevented and the reflection of the laser beam can be prevented to ensure the laser welding. In addition, spot welding and soldering of the voltage detection terminal 23 can be easily and reliably performed.
- the plating layer 34 of the second metal plate 32 is not necessarily made of nickel plating, and may be other metal plating that prevents surface corrosion and can be laser-welded or soldered.
- the bus bar 3 of the clad material 30 is provided with a plating layer 34 on the surface of the second metal plate 32 without providing a plating layer on the surface of the first metal plate 31.
- the bus bar 3 can be plated by masking the surface of the first metal plate 31 to provide a nickel-plated plating layer 34 on the surface of the second metal plate 32. Since the bus bar 3 is provided with the plating layer 34 only on the surface of the second metal plate 32, the surface area of the second metal plate 32 can be reduced, and the area of the plating layer 34 can be reduced, that is, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the clad material 30 of the bus bar 3 has a unique structure at the clad boundary 33.
- 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional views of the bus bars 3A and 3B, which are the clad material 30, cut in the longitudinal direction.
- the bus bars 3 ⁇ / b> A and 3 ⁇ / b> B are overlapped with each other at the clad boundary 33 where the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are joined to press-contact the lap surfaces.
- the bus bars 3A and 3B are provided with a fitting groove 35 in the first metal plate 31 and a fitting protrusion 36 fitted in the fitting groove 35 in the second metal plate 32 at the clad boundary 33. ing.
- the fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 is inserted into the fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31, and the lap surface between the fitting groove 35 and the fitting protrusion 36 is pressed into contact with the first metal plate 31 and the first metal plate 31.
- the two metal plates 32 are joined to each other.
- the first metal plate 31 exposes the outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 on the bus bar surface, and the aluminum plate of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on both surfaces of the cladding boundary 33.
- the cladding boundary 33 is a boundary where the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 of the aluminum plate are wrapped, but the cladding boundary 33 exposes only aluminum on both surfaces.
- the bus bars 3A and 3B have a large exposed area of aluminum and a small exposed area of the second metal plate 32 due to this unique structure. Since the bus bars 3A and 3B are provided with the plating layer 34 only on the surface of the second metal plate 32, the exposed area of the aluminum plate which is the first metal plate 31 is increased, and the exposed area of the second metal plate 32 is increased. The plating cost can be reduced by reducing the area of the plating layer 34 by reducing the area.
- the bus bar 3A shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5 has a fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31 as a V groove 35a, and a fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 inserted into the fitting groove 35 as a V groove.
- the cross-sectional shape that can be fitted to 35a is an inverted V-shaped ridge 36a.
- the bus bar 3A press-fits the fitting protrusion 36 of the ridge 36a into the V-groove 35a, thereby bringing the lap surface into close contact and press-contacting with the lap surface in close contact with the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate. 32 can be joined.
- the first metal plate 31 is provided with a plurality of rows of fitting grooves 35 in parallel to each other, and the second metal plate 32 is provided with a plurality of rows of fitting protrusions fitted into the fitting grooves 35.
- the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are joined by press-fitting the fitting protrusions 36 into the fitting grooves 35 and pressing the lap surfaces.
- the outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 provided on the outermost surface side of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on the surface of the bus bar 3A.
- aluminum is exposed on both sides of the cladding boundary 33.
- the bus bar 3A having this structure can more firmly join the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 with the plurality of fitting grooves 35 and the fitting protrusions 36 while exposing aluminum on both surfaces of the cladding boundary 33. .
- the fitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 is a U groove 35b having a U-shaped cross section, and is inserted into the fitting groove 35.
- the fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 is a ridge 36b fitted into the U groove 35b.
- This bus bar 3B can also join the 1st metal plate 31 and the 2nd metal plate 32 by press-fitting the insertion protrusion part 36 of the protruding item
- the bus bar 3 described above is immersed in a plating solution in a state in which the surface of the first metal plate 31 is masked, and a plating layer 34 such as nickel plating is provided only on the surface of the second metal plate 32.
- the bus bar 3 is provided with through holes 38 for inserting the electrode terminals 2 at both ends connected to the electrode terminals 2 of the plurality of battery cells 1.
- the bus bar 3 does not necessarily connect two battery cells 1 in series, but may connect, for example, four battery cells in series and in parallel.
- This bus bar is provided with four through holes.
- the bus bar 3 in FIG. 2 connects the battery cells 1 of the stacked battery stack 9 in series.
- the bus bar can be connected in series with battery cells arranged at predetermined positions by a battery holder (not shown). This bus bar has a through hole at the position of the electrode terminal of the battery cell.
- the interval between the through holes 38 is made equal to the interval between the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 arranged at predetermined positions. This is because the electrode terminal 2 of each battery cell 1 is inserted into the through hole 38 and the electrode terminal 2 is electrically connected to the bus bar 3. Unfortunately, the interval between the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 arranged at a predetermined position is not always constant. Due to the dimensional error of the battery cell 1 and the dimensional error of the battery holder, an error is generated in the distance between the electrode terminals 2. In order to insert the electrode terminal 2 whose interval changes, the bus bar 3 has one or both through-holes 38 enlarged, and a play gap 39 is provided between the bus bar 3 and the electrode terminal 2. The bus bar 3 has a large through hole 38 to provide a position shift range so that the electrode terminal 2 can be inserted into the through hole 38 in a state where the relative positions of the electrode terminal 2 and the bus bar 3 are shifted.
- the bus bar 3 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has one through hole 38 extending in the stacking direction of the battery cell 1 so that the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 can be inserted into the through hole 38 even if the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 is shifted in the stacking direction.
- As the hole shape a misalignment range is provided. Even when the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 are displaced in the stacking direction due to a dimensional error of the battery cells 1, the bus bars 3 can be smoothly and easily inserted into the through holes 38.
- the positional displacement range in which a plurality of electrode terminals 2 can be inserted into the respective through holes 38 by absorbing the dimensional error of the distance between the electrode terminals 2 is, for example, that the relative position between the electrode terminal 2 and the bus bar 3 is shifted by 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
- the electrode terminal 2 is set in a range where the electrode terminal 2 can be inserted into the through hole 38 of the bus bar 3.
- the position shift range is specified by a dimensional difference between the inner shape of the through hole 38 and the outer shape of the electrode terminal 2.
- the bus bar 3 Since the bus bar 3 inserts a plurality of electrode terminals 2 having dimensional errors into the through holes 38, the through holes 38 are made larger than the electrode terminals 2 to provide play gaps 39.
- the bus bar can be provided with play gaps between all the through holes and the electrode terminals.
- the bus bar 3 can also be provided with a close-contact through hole 38 ⁇ / b> B having no play gap 39 between the electrode terminal 2 and a gap through hole 38 ⁇ / b> A with a play gap 39 between the electrode terminal 2.
- the bus bar 3 has at least one through hole 38 as a close-contact through hole 38B and the other through hole 38 as a clearance through hole 38A.
- the bus bar 3 can smoothly and easily insert the electrode terminal 2 into the clearance through hole 38 ⁇ / b> A even if the interval between the electrode terminals 2 is shifted in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1.
- the play gap 39 between the through hole 38 and the electrode terminal 2 is closed by a fixing ring 7 inserted into the electrode terminal 2 as shown in FIG.
- the fixing ring 7 has an inner shape equal to the outer shape of the electrode terminal 2, and the outer shape is larger than the inner shape of the through hole 38.
- the outer shape of the fixing ring 7 is designed such that the gap through hole 38A can be closed regardless of the position of the electrode terminal 2 inserted into the gap through hole 38A.
- the fixing ring 7 connected to the bus bar 3 by laser welding is a welding ring 7A.
- the welding ring 7A is made of the same metal plate as the plating layer 34 provided in the second metal plate 32 to which the bus bar 3 is connected, Alternatively, a metal plate that is the same as or different from the second metal plate 32 and that has the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is used. That is, the welding ring 7A welded to the nickel plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 is made of a nickel plate or a metal plate having a surface plated with nickel.
- the welding ring 7A provided with the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is preferably manufactured from the same metal plate as the second metal plate 32, but is not necessarily limited to the second metal plate 32. It is not necessary to use the same metal plate as that, and other metal plates can be used.
- the fixing ring 7 can use a nut 7B instead of the welding ring 7A.
- the male terminal 54 is provided in the electrode terminal 52 of the battery cell 51, inserted into the through hole 38 of the bus bar 3, and the nut 7B is screwed into the tip of the electrode terminal 52.
- the fixing ring 7 is made of the same metal as the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3, that is, aluminum, and the nut 7 ⁇ / b> Bb screwed into the positive electrode terminal 52 ⁇ / b> A.
- the nut 7Bb connected to the nickel plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 can be made of nickel or made of metal whose surface is nickel plated.
- the nut 7Bb having the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is preferably made of the same metal as the second metal plate 32, but is not necessarily the same as the second metal plate 32. It does not need to be made of metal, and can be made of other metals.
- the battery pack 100 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 has a surface plate 8 disposed on the upper surface of the battery stack 9, and the end surface of the battery cell 1 that is stacked on the surface plate 8 on the sealing plate 12 side. (Upper surface in the figure) is covered.
- the surface plate 8 is formed in an outer shape along the upper surface of the battery stack 9.
- the surface plate 8 is formed of an insulating plastic such as nylon resin or epoxy resin.
- the surface plate 8 is provided with an opening window 29 for exposing the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 and connecting it to the bus bar 3.
- the illustrated surface plate 8 is provided with a plurality of opening windows 29 along both side portions of the battery stack 9.
- the opening window 29 is sized and shaped along the outer shape of the bus bar 3 so that it can be connected to the electrode terminal 2 while guiding the bus bar 3 to a fixed position.
- the bus bar 3 disposed in the opening window 29 of the surface plate 8 is fixed to the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 by welding such as laser welding, and connects the plurality of battery cells 1 to a predetermined connection state.
- welding such as laser welding
- the battery pack 100 includes a voltage detection circuit 21 for detecting the voltage of each battery cell 1 as shown in FIG.
- the battery pack 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2 has a circuit board 20 fixed above the surface plate 8, and an electronic component (not shown) for realizing the voltage detection circuit 21 is mounted on the circuit board 20.
- the voltage detection circuit 21 detects the voltage of each battery cell 1 and controls the charge / discharge current so as to prevent overcharge and overdischarge of each battery cell 1.
- the voltage detection circuit 21 is connected to the bus bar 3 that connects the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 through lead wires 22 that are voltage detection lines.
- the voltage detection circuit 21 connects the lead wire 22 connected to the input side to the bus bar 3, and detects the voltage of each battery cell 1 via the lead wire 22 and the bus bar 3.
- the bus bar 3 has a voltage detection terminal 23 fixed thereto.
- the voltage detection terminal 23 is fixed to the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3, that is, the surface of the copper plate by a method such as welding or soldering.
- the second metal plate 32 made of a copper plate can reliably and stably fix the metal voltage detection terminal 23.
- the lead wire 22 is soldered and connected to the voltage detection terminal 23.
- the above battery pack is assembled in the following steps. (1) A predetermined number of battery cells 1 are stacked in the thickness direction of the battery cell 1 with a spacer 6 interposed therebetween to form a battery stack 9. At this time, the plurality of battery cells 1 stacked on each other are stacked such that the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 at both ends of the sealing plate 12 are alternately reversed. (2) The end plates 4 are stacked on both ends of the battery stack 9, the pair of end plates 4 are pressed from both sides, and the battery stack 9 is pressed in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1. (3) At the lower ends of the both side surfaces of the battery stack 9, the lower corners of the pair of end plates 4 arranged on both end surfaces of the battery stack 9 are connected by the connector 5.
- the surface plate 8 is disposed at a fixed position on the upper surface of the battery stack 9 in a state where the battery stack 9 is pressed in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1.
- the upper corners of the pair of end plates 4 arranged on both end surfaces of the battery stack 9 are connected by the connector 5.
- the battery cells 1 in the stacked state are fixed in the stacking direction in a pressurized state via the connector 5, and both side edges of the surface plate 8 are fixed to the battery stack 9 with the connector 5.
- the opposite electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the battery cells 1 adjacent to each other are connected by the bus bar 3 on both sides of the battery stack 9.
- the bus bar 3 is disposed in the opening window 29 of the surface plate 8 and connects the positive terminals 2A and 52A and the negative terminals 2B and 52B exposed from the opening window 29.
- the battery cells 1 adjacent to each other are connected in series by the bus bar 3, and the battery cells 1 constituting the battery stack 9 are connected in series.
- the electrode terminal 2 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is connected to the bus bar 3 as follows. [1] As shown in FIG. 8, the electrode terminals 2 of the adjacent battery cells 1 are inserted into the through holes 38 provided at both ends of the bus bar 3.
- the positive electrode terminal 2 ⁇ / b> A is inserted into the circular close contact hole 38 ⁇ / b> B provided in the first metal plate 31, and the negative electrode terminal 2 ⁇ / b> B is inserted into the long hole-shaped gap through hole 38 ⁇ / b> A provided in the second metal plate 32.
- there is no gap between the close contact through hole 38B and the positive electrode terminal 2A but there is a gap between the long gap through hole 38A and the negative electrode terminal 2B.
- the fixing ring 7 as the welding ring 7A is placed on the bus bar 3, and the negative electrode terminal 2B inserted in the clearance through hole 38A is inserted into the center hole of the welding ring 7A.
- the circular close-contact through-hole 38 ⁇ / b> B irradiates a laser beam along its circumference to laser-weld the positive electrode terminal 2 ⁇ / b> A to the bus bar 3.
- the long hole-shaped gap through-hole 38A irradiates a laser beam along the inner and outer peripheral edges of the fixing ring 7 which is the welding ring 7A, and the inner peripheral edge of the center hole of the welding ring 7A is applied to the negative electrode terminal 2B.
- the outer peripheral edge is laser welded to the bus bar 3.
- the electrode terminal 52 shown in FIG. 10 is connected to the bus bar 3 as follows.
- the electrode terminals 52 of the adjacent battery cells 51 are inserted into the through holes 38 provided at both ends of the bus bar 3.
- the positive electrode terminal 52 ⁇ / b> A is inserted into the circular contact through-hole 38 ⁇ / b> B provided in the first metal plate 31, and the negative electrode terminal 52 ⁇ / b> B is inserted into the long-hole-shaped gap through-hole 38 ⁇ / b> A provided in the second metal plate 32.
- the nut 7Ba is screwed into the tip of the positive electrode terminal 52A, and the nut 7Bb is screwed into the tip of the negative electrode terminal 52B to connect each electrode terminal 52 to the bus bar 3.
- the circuit board 20 is fixed at a fixed position above the surface plate 8. Furthermore, the lead wires 22 drawn out from the voltage detection circuit 21 mounted on the circuit board 20 are connected to each bus bar 3. Each lead wire 22 has a voltage detection terminal 23 connected to the tip, and the voltage detection terminal 23 is fixed to the surface of the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 by a method such as welding or soldering.
- a method such as welding or soldering.
- the above battery pack can be used as an in-vehicle power source.
- a vehicle equipped with a battery pack an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor, or an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor can be used, and it is used as a power source for these vehicles. .
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor.
- a vehicle HV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure includes an engine 96 and a running motor 93 that run the vehicle HV, a battery pack 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and a generator that charges the batteries of the battery pack 100.
- 94 a vehicle main body 90 on which an engine 96, a motor 93, a battery pack 100, and a generator 94 are mounted, and wheels 97 that are driven by the engine 96 or the motor 93 to run the vehicle main body 90.
- the battery pack 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95.
- the vehicle HV travels by both the motor 93 and the engine 96 while charging / discharging the battery of the battery pack 100.
- the motor 93 is driven in a region where the engine efficiency is poor, for example, during acceleration or during low-speed traveling, and causes the vehicle HV to travel.
- the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the battery pack 100.
- the generator 94 is driven by the engine 96 or is driven by regenerative braking when braking the vehicle HV, and charges the battery of the battery pack 100.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor.
- a vehicle EV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure has a traveling motor 93 for traveling the vehicle EV, a battery pack 100 for supplying electric power to the motor 93, and a generator 94 for charging a battery of the battery pack 100.
- the battery pack 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95.
- the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the battery pack 100.
- the generator 94 is driven by energy when regenerative braking of the vehicle EV and charges the battery of the battery pack 100.
- this battery pack can be used not only as a power source for a mobile body but also as a stationary power storage facility.
- a power source for home and factory use a power supply system that is charged with sunlight or midnight power and discharged when necessary, or a streetlight power supply that charges sunlight during the day and discharges at night, or during a power outage It can also be used as a backup power source for driving signals.
- FIG. In the battery pack 100 shown in this figure, a plurality of battery blocks 81 are connected in a unit form to constitute a battery unit 82. Each battery block 81 has a plurality of batteries connected in series and / or in parallel.
- Each battery block 81 is controlled by a power supply controller 84.
- the battery pack 100 drives the load LD after charging the battery unit 82 with the charging power source CP. For this reason, the battery pack 100 has a charge mode and a discharge mode.
- the load LD and the charging power source CP are connected to the battery pack 100 via the discharging switch DS and the charging switch CS, respectively.
- ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS and the charge switch CS is switched by the power supply controller 84 of the battery pack 100.
- the power controller 84 switches the charging switch CS to ON and the discharging switch DS to OFF to permit charging of the battery pack 100 from the charging power source CP.
- the power controller 84 turns off the charging switch CS and turns on the discharging switch DS to discharge.
- the mode is switched and discharging from the battery pack 100 to the load LD is permitted.
- the charge switch CS can be turned on and the discharge switch DS can be turned on to supply power to the load LD and charge the battery pack 100 simultaneously.
- the load LD driven by the battery pack 100 is connected to the battery pack 100 via the discharge switch DS.
- the power supply controller 84 switches the discharge switch DS to ON, connects to the load LD, and drives the load LD with the power from the battery pack 100.
- the discharge switch DS a switching element such as an FET can be used. ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS is controlled by the power supply controller 84 of the battery pack 100.
- the power controller 84 also includes a communication interface for communicating with external devices. In the example of FIG. 13, the host device HT is connected in accordance with an existing communication protocol such as UART or RS-232c. Further, if necessary, a user interface for the user to operate the power supply system can be provided.
- Each battery block 81 includes a signal terminal and a power supply terminal.
- the signal terminals include an input / output terminal DI, an abnormal output terminal DA, and a connection terminal DO.
- the input / output terminal DI is a terminal for inputting / outputting a signal from the other battery block 81 or the power supply controller 84
- the connection terminal DO is a terminal for inputting / outputting a signal to / from the other battery block 81.
- the abnormality output terminal DA is a terminal for outputting abnormality of the battery block 81 to the outside.
- the power supply terminal is a terminal for connecting the battery blocks 81 in series and in parallel.
- the battery units 82 are connected to the output line OL via the parallel connection switch 85 and are connected in parallel to each other.
- the battery pack according to the present invention can be suitably used as a battery pack for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle or the like that can switch between the EV traveling mode and the HEV traveling mode.
- backup battery packs that can be mounted on computer server racks, backup battery packs for wireless base stations such as mobile phones, power storage power sources for home use and factories, power sources for street lights, etc. It can also be used as appropriate for applications such as backup power supplies for devices and traffic lights.
- SYMBOLS 100 Battery pack 1 ... Battery cell 2 ... Electrode terminal 2A ... Positive electrode terminal 2B ... Negative electrode terminal 3 ... Bus bar 3A ... Bus bar 3B ... Bus bar 4 ... End plate 5 ... Connection tool 6 ... Spacer 7 ... Fixing ring 7A ... Welding ring 7B ... Nut 7Ba ... Nut 7Bb ... Nut 8 ... Surface plate 9 ... Battery stack 10 ... Electrode body 11 ... Exterior can 12 ... Sealing plate 13 ... Insulating material 20 ... Circuit board 21 ... Voltage detection circuit 22 ... Lead wire 23 ... Voltage detection terminal DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 29 ... Opening window 30 ... Cladding material 31 ...
- Wheel EV ... Vehicle HV ... Vehicle LD ... Load CP ... Charge power supply DS ... Discharge switch CS ... Charge switch OL ... Output line HT ... Host device DI ... Input / output terminal DA ... Abnormal output terminal DO ... Connection terminal
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention stably connects battery cells by means of a bus bar while reducing the production cost of the bus bar. In a battery pack, multiple battery cells (1), of which the electrode terminals (2) are formed from different metals, are connected by means of a metallic-plate bus bar (3). The bus bar (3) is a metal clad material (30) formed by joining a first metal plate (31) formed from an aluminum plate and a second metal plate (32) formed from a different type of metal from the first metal plate (31). Moreover, at the cladding boundary (33) of the bus bar (3), the first metal plate (31) has a fitting groove (35) and the second metal plate (32) has a fitting projection part (36) which fits into the fitting groove (35). The fitting projection part (36) is inserted into the fitting groove (35) and the first metal plate (31) and the second metal plate (32) become crimped together. Additionally, at the cladding boundary (33) of the bus bar (3), the outer walls (37) of the fitting groove (35) of the first metal plate (31) are exposed to both surfaces of the bus bar and a plated layer (34) is disposed on the surface of the second metal plate (32).
Description
本発明は、複数の電池セルをバスバーで直列に接続している電池パックに関し、とくにバスバーに金属板のクラッド材を使用している電池パック及びこれを備える電動車両並びに蓄電装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a battery pack in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series with a bus bar, and more particularly, to a battery pack using a metal plate clad material for a bus bar, an electric vehicle equipped with the battery pack, and a power storage device.
電池パックは、複数の電池セルを直列に接続して出力電圧を高く、出力を大きくできる。この電池パックは、複数の電池セルの電極端子に金属板のバスバーを溶接やネジ止めなどの方法で接続して、バスバーでもって電池セルを直列に接続している。バスバーは、両端部を電池セルの電極端子に接続して、隣接する電池セルを直列に接続する。ところで、電池セルは、電極端子の金属が必ずしも同じ金属ではなく、正極と負極の電極端子が異種金属からなる二次電池がある。たとえば、リチウムイオン電池は、正極端子をアルミニウムとして、負極端子を銅としている。この電池セルを直列に接続するバスバーは、正極端子に接続される一端部をアルミニウム、負極端子に接続される他端部を銅として、理想的な状態で接続できる。たとえば、電極端子に溶接されるバスバーは、電極端子と同じ金属としては安定に溶接されるが、異種金属としては理想的な状態で溶接されない。また、ネジ止めして接続されるバスバーにおいても、電極端子と同じ金属として、電蝕を防止しながら長期間にわたって安定に電気接続できる。
The battery pack can connect a plurality of battery cells in series to increase the output voltage and increase the output. In this battery pack, a metal plate bus bar is connected to electrode terminals of a plurality of battery cells by a method such as welding or screwing, and the battery cells are connected in series with the bus bar. The bus bar connects both battery cells in series by connecting both ends to the electrode terminals of the battery cells. By the way, in the battery cell, there is a secondary battery in which the metal of the electrode terminal is not necessarily the same metal, and the electrode terminal of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of different metals. For example, a lithium ion battery has a positive electrode terminal made of aluminum and a negative electrode terminal made of copper. The bus bar for connecting the battery cells in series can be connected in an ideal state with one end connected to the positive terminal being aluminum and the other end connected to the negative terminal being copper. For example, a bus bar welded to an electrode terminal is stably welded as the same metal as the electrode terminal, but is not welded in an ideal state as a dissimilar metal. Also, in the bus bar connected by screwing, the same metal as the electrode terminal can be stably connected over a long period of time while preventing electrolytic corrosion.
この用途に使用するバスバーとして、アルミニウムと銅などの異種金属を圧接して接続しているクラッド材が開発されている。(特許文献1参照)
As a bus bar used for this purpose, a clad material has been developed in which dissimilar metals such as aluminum and copper are connected by pressure welding. (See Patent Document 1)
クラッド材のバスバーは、表面の腐蝕を防止するために、バスバー全体をメッキ処理することが知られている。しかしながら、アルミニウム板の表面をニッケルメッキすると、溶接時にニッケルとアルミニウムの合金ができ、この合金が接触状態を悪くする弊害が発生し、また、メッキコストが高くなる欠点がある。
It is known that the clad bus bar is plated on the entire bus bar in order to prevent corrosion of the surface. However, if the surface of the aluminum plate is nickel-plated, an alloy of nickel and aluminum is formed at the time of welding, and this alloy has the disadvantage that the contact state is deteriorated and the plating cost is increased.
本発明は、さらに以上の欠点を解決することを目的に開発されたものである。本発明の重要な目的は、バスバーの製造コストを低減しながら、バスバーでもって電池セルを安定して直列に接続できる電池パック及びこれを備える電動車両並びに蓄電装置を提供することにある。
The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving the above disadvantages. An important object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack capable of stably connecting battery cells in series with the bus bar, an electric vehicle including the battery pack, and a power storage device while reducing the manufacturing cost of the bus bar.
本発明の電池パックは、電極端子2、52を異なる金属とする複数の電池セル1、51を金属板のバスバー3で接続している。バスバー3は、アルミニウム板からなる第1金属板31と、第1金属板31とは異種の金属からなる第2金属板32とを接合してなる金属のクラッド材30である。さらに、バスバー3は、第1金属板31と第2金属板32を隣接する電池セル1の電極端子2、52に接続して電池セル1を直列に接続している。さらにまた、バスバー3は、第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを接合してなるクラッド境界33において、第1金属板31が嵌着溝35を有し、第2金属板32が嵌着溝35に嵌入される嵌入突出部36を有し、嵌入突出部36が嵌着溝35に挿入されて、第1金属板31と第2金属板32とが圧接されており、クラッド境界33において、第1金属板31の嵌着溝35の外側壁37をバスバー両面に露出させて、第2金属板32の表面にはメッキ層34を設けている。
ただし、本明細書において、第1金属板の「アルミニウム板」は、アルミニウム合金板を含む広い意味に使用する。 In the battery pack of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells 1 and 51 having different electrode terminals 2 and 52 are connected by a bus bar 3 made of a metal plate. The bus bar 3 is a metal clad material 30 formed by joining a first metal plate 31 made of an aluminum plate and a second metal plate 32 made of a metal different from the first metal plate 31. Furthermore, the bus bar 3 connects the battery cells 1 in series by connecting the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 to the electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the adjacent battery cells 1. Furthermore, in the bus bar 3, the first metal plate 31 has the fitting groove 35 at the clad boundary 33 formed by joining the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32, and the second metal plate 32 is fitted. It has a fitting projection 36 fitted into the fitting groove 35, the fitting projection 36 is inserted into the fitting groove 35, and the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are in pressure contact, and the cladding boundary 33 The outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on both sides of the bus bar, and a plating layer 34 is provided on the surface of the second metal plate 32.
However, in this specification, the “aluminum plate” of the first metal plate is used in a broad sense including an aluminum alloy plate.
ただし、本明細書において、第1金属板の「アルミニウム板」は、アルミニウム合金板を含む広い意味に使用する。 In the battery pack of the present invention, a plurality of
However, in this specification, the “aluminum plate” of the first metal plate is used in a broad sense including an aluminum alloy plate.
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの製造コストを低減しながら、バスバーでもって電池セルを安定して直列に接続できる特徴がある。それは、以上の電池パックのバスバーが、アルミニウム板からなる第1金属板と、アルミニウム板ではない第2金属板とを接合してなるクラッド材とし、クラッド材のクラッド境界においては、第1金属板の嵌着溝に第2金属板の嵌入突出部を挿入して、第1金属板と第2金属板とを圧接し、さらに、クラッド境界において、第1金属板の嵌着溝の外側壁をバスバー両面に露出させて、第2金属板の表面にはメッキ層を設けているからである。この構造のクラッド材からなるバスバーは、クラッド境界にアルミニウム板からなる第1金属板と第2金属板の両方を配置しながら、その表面にはアルミニウム板を露出させることで、アルミニウム板が露出する表面積を大きく、アルミニウムでない第2金属板の表面積を小さくして、第2金属板の表面にメッキされるメッキ層の面積を小さくできる。このため、メッキ層の面積を小さくできることから、メッキコストを低減してバスバーを安価に多量生産できる。バスバーは、各電池セルを直列にするものであって使用される個数が多く、製造コストを低減することで、電池パックの製造コストを相当に低減できる効果がある。
The battery packs described above are characterized in that the battery cells can be stably connected in series with the bus bar while reducing the manufacturing cost of the bus bar. The bus bar of the battery pack is a clad material formed by joining a first metal plate made of an aluminum plate and a second metal plate that is not an aluminum plate, and the first metal plate is at the clad boundary of the clad material. The fitting protrusion of the second metal plate is inserted into the fitting groove, the first metal plate and the second metal plate are pressed, and the outer wall of the fitting groove of the first metal plate is formed at the cladding boundary. This is because a plating layer is provided on the surface of the second metal plate so as to be exposed on both surfaces of the bus bar. The bus bar made of the clad material having this structure has both the first metal plate and the second metal plate made of an aluminum plate at the clad boundary, and the aluminum plate is exposed on the surface, thereby exposing the aluminum plate. By increasing the surface area and reducing the surface area of the second metal plate that is not aluminum, the area of the plating layer plated on the surface of the second metal plate can be reduced. For this reason, since the area of a plating layer can be made small, plating cost can be reduced and a bus bar can be mass-produced cheaply. The bus bar is one in which each battery cell is connected in series and is used in a large number. By reducing the manufacturing cost, the manufacturing cost of the battery pack can be considerably reduced.
本発明の電池パックは、バスバー3の第1金属板31に設けた嵌着溝35をV溝35aとして、この嵌着溝35に挿入される第2金属板32の嵌入突出部36をV溝35aに嵌着される凸条36aとすることができる。
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板とを隙間なく圧接して接合できる。 The battery pack of the present invention uses thefitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3 as the V groove 35a, and the fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 inserted into the fitting groove 35 as the V groove. It can be set as the protruding item | line 36a fitted by 35a.
The above battery pack can be joined by pressure-contacting the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar without any gap.
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板とを隙間なく圧接して接合できる。 The battery pack of the present invention uses the
The above battery pack can be joined by pressure-contacting the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar without any gap.
本発明の電池パックは、バスバー3の第1金属板31に設けた嵌着溝35を、横断面形状をU字状とするU溝35bとして、この嵌着溝35に挿入される第2金属板32の嵌入突出部36を、U溝35bに嵌着される凸条36bとすることができる。
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板とを外れないように圧接して接合できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, thefitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3 is formed as a U groove 35b having a U-shaped cross section, and the second metal inserted into the fitting groove 35. The fitting protrusion 36 of the plate 32 can be a ridge 36b fitted into the U groove 35b.
The above battery pack can be joined by pressure contact so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar are not detached.
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板とを外れないように圧接して接合できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, the
The above battery pack can be joined by pressure contact so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar are not detached.
本発明の電池パックは、第1金属板31が互いに平行な複数列の嵌着溝35を有して、第2金属板32が各嵌着溝35に嵌入される嵌入突出部36を有することができる。
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板をより強固に外れないように、しかも隙間なく圧接して接合できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, thefirst metal plate 31 has a plurality of rows of fitting grooves 35 parallel to each other, and the second metal plate 32 has a fitting protrusion 36 into which each fitting groove 35 is fitted. Can do.
The battery packs described above can be joined in pressure contact with each other so as not to remove the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar more firmly.
以上の電池パックは、バスバーの第1金属板と第2金属板をより強固に外れないように、しかも隙間なく圧接して接合できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, the
The battery packs described above can be joined in pressure contact with each other so as not to remove the first metal plate and the second metal plate of the bus bar more firmly.
本発明の電池パックは、第2金属板32を銅又は銅合金製として、電池セル1をリチウムイオン電池として、第1金属板31をリチウムイオン電池の正極端子2A、52Aに、第2金属板32をリチウムイオン電池の負極端子2B、52Bに接続することができる。 ただし、本明細書において、第2金属板の「銅板」は、銅合金板を含む広い意味に使用する。
以上の電池パックは、電池セルをリチウムイオン電池として容積と重量に対する充電容量を大きくしながら、バスバーでもって電池セルを確実に接続できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, thesecond metal plate 32 is made of copper or a copper alloy, the battery cell 1 is a lithium ion battery, the first metal plate 31 is used as the positive terminals 2A and 52A of the lithium ion battery, and the second metal plate is used. 32 can be connected to the negative electrode terminals 2B and 52B of the lithium ion battery. However, in this specification, “copper plate” of the second metal plate is used in a broad sense including a copper alloy plate.
The above battery pack can reliably connect the battery cells with the bus bar while increasing the charge capacity with respect to the volume and weight by using the battery cells as lithium ion batteries.
以上の電池パックは、電池セルをリチウムイオン電池として容積と重量に対する充電容量を大きくしながら、バスバーでもって電池セルを確実に接続できる。 In the battery pack of the present invention, the
The above battery pack can reliably connect the battery cells with the bus bar while increasing the charge capacity with respect to the volume and weight by using the battery cells as lithium ion batteries.
本発明の電池パックは、電池セル1の電圧を検出する電圧検出回路21を備え、バスバー3の第2金属板32を銅板として、銅板の表面に電圧検出端子23を接続しており、この電圧検出端子23にリード線22を接続して、リード線22を介して電池セル1の電極端子2、52を電圧検出回路21に接続することができる。
以上の電池パックは、電圧検出端子を安定に第2金属板に接続して、電圧検出回路でもって、長期間にわたって電池セルの電圧を正確に検出できる。 The battery pack of the present invention includes avoltage detection circuit 21 that detects the voltage of the battery cell 1, the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 is a copper plate, and a voltage detection terminal 23 is connected to the surface of the copper plate. The lead wire 22 can be connected to the detection terminal 23, and the electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the battery cell 1 can be connected to the voltage detection circuit 21 via the lead wire 22.
The above battery pack can detect the voltage of a battery cell correctly over a long period of time by connecting a voltage detection terminal to a 2nd metal plate stably, and a voltage detection circuit.
以上の電池パックは、電圧検出端子を安定に第2金属板に接続して、電圧検出回路でもって、長期間にわたって電池セルの電圧を正確に検出できる。 The battery pack of the present invention includes a
The above battery pack can detect the voltage of a battery cell correctly over a long period of time by connecting a voltage detection terminal to a 2nd metal plate stably, and a voltage detection circuit.
本発明の電池パックは、バスバー3を溶接して電池セル1の電極端子2に接続することができる。
以上の電池パックは、確実に安定して低抵抗な状態でバスバーを電池セルの電極端子に接続できる特徴がある。 The battery pack of the present invention can be connected to theelectrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 by welding the bus bar 3.
The above battery pack has a feature that the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminals of the battery cells in a stable and low resistance state.
以上の電池パックは、確実に安定して低抵抗な状態でバスバーを電池セルの電極端子に接続できる特徴がある。 The battery pack of the present invention can be connected to the
The above battery pack has a feature that the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminals of the battery cells in a stable and low resistance state.
本発明の電池パックは、バスバー3をネジ止めして電池セル1の電極端子52に接続することができる。
以上の電池パックは、バスバーを簡単な設備で電池セルの電極端子に接続できる。 The battery pack of the present invention can be connected to theelectrode terminal 52 of the battery cell 1 by screwing the bus bar 3.
In the above battery pack, the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminal of the battery cell with simple equipment.
以上の電池パックは、バスバーを簡単な設備で電池セルの電極端子に接続できる。 The battery pack of the present invention can be connected to the
In the above battery pack, the bus bar can be connected to the electrode terminal of the battery cell with simple equipment.
本発明の電動車両は、上記のいずれかの電池パック100と、この電池パック100から電力供給される走行用のモータ93と、電池パック100及びモータ93を搭載してなる車両本体90と、モータ93で駆動されて車両本体90を走行させる車輪97とを備えることを特徴とする。
The electric vehicle of the present invention includes any one of the battery packs 100 described above, a traveling motor 93 supplied with power from the battery pack 100, a vehicle main body 90 on which the battery pack 100 and the motor 93 are mounted, and a motor. And a wheel 97 for driving the vehicle main body 90.
本発明の蓄電装置は、上記のいずれかの電池パック100を備えると共に、電池パック100への充放電を制御する電源コントローラ84を備えている。この電源コントローラ84は、外部からの電力により電池パック100への充電を可能とすると共に、電池パック100に対し充電を行うよう制御することができる。
The power storage device of the present invention includes any of the battery packs 100 described above and a power supply controller 84 that controls charging / discharging of the battery pack 100. The power supply controller 84 can charge the battery pack 100 with external power and can control the battery pack 100 to be charged.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施の形態は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するための電池パック及びこれを備える電動車両並びに蓄電装置を例示するものであって、本発明は電池パック及びこれを備える電動車両並びに蓄電装置を以下のものに特定しない。また、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施の形態の部材に特定するものでは決してない。特に実施の形態に記載されている構成部材の寸法、材質、形状、その相対的配置等は、特定的な記載がない限りは、本発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例にすぎない。なお、各図面が示す部材の大きさや位置関係等は、説明を明確にするため誇張していることがある。さらに以下の説明において、同一の名称、符号については同一もしくは同質の部材を示しており、詳細説明を適宜省略する。さらに、本発明を構成する各要素は、複数の要素を同一の部材で構成して一の部材で複数の要素を兼用する態様としてもよいし、逆に一の部材の機能を複数の部材で分担して実現することもできる。また、一部の実施例、実施形態において説明された内容は、他の実施例、実施形態等に利用可能なものもある。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a battery pack for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, an electric vehicle including the battery pack, and a power storage device, and the present invention includes a battery pack and an electric motor including the battery pack. The vehicle and the power storage device are not specified as follows. Moreover, the member shown by the claim is not what specifies the member of embodiment. In particular, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent members described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the description unless otherwise specified. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and symbol indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing. In addition, the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
図1~図3は、本発明の実施の形態に係る電池パックとして、主としてハイブリッド車や電気自動車などの電動車両に搭載されて、車両の走行モータに電力を供給して、車両を走行させる電源に使用される電池パック100を示している。これらの図に示す電池パック100は、電極端子2を有する電池セル1を複数積層してなる電池積層体9と、隣接する電池セル1の電極端子2に接続されて電池セル1を直列に接続しているバスバー3と、バスバー3の電圧検出端子23に接続しているリード線22と、このリード線22を介して電池セル1に接続している電圧検出回路21とを備える。
1 to 3 show battery packs according to an embodiment of the present invention, which are mainly mounted on an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and supply electric power to a vehicle driving motor to drive the vehicle. The battery pack 100 used for is shown. The battery pack 100 shown in these drawings is connected to a battery stack 9 formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells 1 having electrode terminals 2 and the electrode terminals 2 of adjacent battery cells 1 so that the battery cells 1 are connected in series. The bus bar 3 is connected, a lead wire 22 connected to the voltage detection terminal 23 of the bus bar 3, and a voltage detection circuit 21 connected to the battery cell 1 via the lead wire 22.
電池積層体9は、複数の電池セル1を互いに絶縁して積層状態に固定している。電池積層体9は、その両端にエンドプレート4を配置している。一対のエンドプレート4は連結具5で連結されて、電池積層体9を積層状態に固定する。
The battery stack 9 has a plurality of battery cells 1 insulated from each other and fixed in a stacked state. The battery laminate 9 has end plates 4 disposed at both ends thereof. The pair of end plates 4 are connected by a connector 5 to fix the battery stack 9 in a stacked state.
電池セル1は角形電池である。さらに、電池セル1は、リチウムイオン電池である。ただし、本発明の電池パックは、電池セルを角形電池には特定せず、円筒形の電池セルも利用できる。また、リチウムイオン電池にも特定せず、たとえばニッケル水電池なども使用できる。電池セル1は、図4に示すように、正負の電極板を積層している電極体10を外装缶11に収納して電解液(図示せず)を充填して、開口部を封口板12で気密に密閉したものである。図の外装缶11は、底を閉塞する四角い筒状に成形したもので、上方の開口部を封口板12で気密に閉塞している。また、電池セル1同士の間に、必要に応じて絶縁性のスペーサ6を介在させることで、これらの間を絶縁できる。
Battery cell 1 is a square battery. Furthermore, the battery cell 1 is a lithium ion battery. However, the battery pack of the present invention can use a cylindrical battery cell without specifying the battery cell as a rectangular battery. Moreover, it is not specified also as a lithium ion battery, For example, a nickel-water battery etc. can be used. As shown in FIG. 4, the battery cell 1 contains an electrode body 10 in which positive and negative electrode plates are stacked in an outer can 11 and is filled with an electrolyte (not shown), and the opening is a sealing plate 12. It is hermetically sealed. The illustrated outer can 11 is formed into a square cylinder that closes the bottom, and the upper opening is airtightly closed by the sealing plate 12. Moreover, between the battery cells 1 can be insulated by interposing an insulating spacer 6 as necessary.
外装缶11は、アルミニウムなどの金属板を深絞り加工したもので、表面が導電性を有する。積層される電池セル1は薄い角形に成形される。封口板12は外装缶11と同じ金属であるアルミニウムなどの金属板で製作される。封口板12は、正負の電極端子2を両端部に、絶縁材13を介して固定している。正負の電極端子2は内蔵する正負の電極板に接続される。リチウムイオン電池は、外装缶11を電極に接続しない。ただ、外装缶11は電解液を介して電極板に接続されることから、正負の電極板の中間電位となる。ただし、電池セルは、一方の電極端子をリード線で外装缶に接続することもできる。この電池セルは、外装缶に接続される電極端子を絶縁することなく封口板に固定できる。
The outer can 11 is obtained by deep drawing a metal plate such as aluminum and has a conductive surface. The battery cells 1 to be stacked are formed into thin squares. The sealing plate 12 is made of a metal plate such as aluminum which is the same metal as the outer can 11. The sealing plate 12 has positive and negative electrode terminals 2 fixed to both ends via an insulating material 13. The positive and negative electrode terminals 2 are connected to built-in positive and negative electrode plates. The lithium ion battery does not connect the outer can 11 to the electrode. However, since the outer can 11 is connected to the electrode plate via the electrolytic solution, it has an intermediate potential between the positive and negative electrode plates. However, a battery cell can also connect one electrode terminal to an armored can with a lead wire. The battery cell can be fixed to the sealing plate without insulating the electrode terminal connected to the outer can.
電池パック100は、複数の電池セル1を積層して直方体のブロック状の電池積層体9としている。電池セル1は、電極端子2を設けている面、図2にあっては封口板12を同一平面となるように積層してブロック状としている。図2の電池パック100は、ブロックの上面に電極端子2を配設している。電池パック100は、封口板12の両端部にある正負の電極端子2が左右逆となる状態で積層している。この電池パック100は、図に示すように、ブロックの両側で隣接する電極端子2をバスバー3で連結して、電池セル1を直列に接続している。バスバー3は、その両端部を正負の電極端子2に接続して、電池セル1を直列に接続する。図の電池パック100は、電池セル1を直列に接続して出力電圧を高くしているが、本発明の電池パックは、電池セルを直列と並列に接続して、出力電圧と出力電流を大きくすることもできる。
The battery pack 100 has a plurality of battery cells 1 stacked to form a rectangular parallelepiped block-shaped battery stack 9. The battery cell 1 has a block shape in which the surface on which the electrode terminal 2 is provided, in FIG. 2, the sealing plate 12 is laminated so as to be on the same plane. In the battery pack 100 of FIG. 2, the electrode terminal 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the block. The battery pack 100 is laminated in a state in which the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 at both ends of the sealing plate 12 are reversed left and right. In this battery pack 100, as shown in the figure, the electrode terminals 2 adjacent on both sides of the block are connected by a bus bar 3, and the battery cells 1 are connected in series. Both ends of the bus bar 3 are connected to the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 to connect the battery cells 1 in series. In the illustrated battery pack 100, the battery cells 1 are connected in series to increase the output voltage. However, in the battery pack of the present invention, the battery cells are connected in series and in parallel to increase the output voltage and output current. You can also
電極端子2は、絶縁材13を介して封口板12に固定されて、その先端部を円筒状又は円柱状としている。電極端子は、円柱状とし、あるいは多角柱状とし、あるいは上端面の外側に突出するようにリングを設けた形状として、バスバー3に設けた貫通孔38に挿入されて、バスバー3に連結される。
The electrode terminal 2 is fixed to the sealing plate 12 via an insulating material 13, and its tip is cylindrical or columnar. The electrode terminal is connected to the bus bar 3 by being inserted into a through hole 38 provided in the bus bar 3 in a columnar shape, a polygonal column shape, or a shape in which a ring is provided so as to protrude outward from the upper end surface.
電池セル1は、正極と負極の電極端子2を同じ金属でなくて、異なる金属としている。リチウムイオン電池は、正極端子2Aをアルミニウム、負極端子2Bを銅とする。この電極端子2に接続されるバスバー3は、異種金属の電極端子2に理想的な状態で接続できるように、異種金属を接合しているクラッド材30が使用される。クラッド材30は、第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを圧接して接合している。このバスバー3は、第1金属板31を、電池セル1であるリチウムイオン電池の正極端子2Aと同じ金属のアルミニウム板としている。また、第2金属板32は、電池セル1であるリチウムイオン電池の負極端子2Bと同じ金属の銅板としている。クラッド材30のバスバー3は、第1金属板31をアルミニウム板とするが、第2金属板32は、第1金属板31と異なる金属板であって、電池セル1の電極端子2に理想的な状態で接続できる金属板が選択される。したがって、第2金属板32は、必ずしも銅板に特定されず、電池セル1の一方の電極端子2に接続できる金属板が使用される。
In the battery cell 1, the positive electrode terminal 2 and the negative electrode terminal 2 are not the same metal but different metals. In the lithium ion battery, the positive electrode terminal 2A is aluminum and the negative electrode terminal 2B is copper. The bus bar 3 connected to the electrode terminal 2 is made of a clad material 30 that joins dissimilar metals so that it can be connected to the electrode terminals 2 of dissimilar metals in an ideal state. The clad material 30 presses and joins the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32. In the bus bar 3, the first metal plate 31 is an aluminum plate made of the same metal as the positive electrode terminal 2 </ b> A of the lithium ion battery that is the battery cell 1. The second metal plate 32 is a copper plate made of the same metal as the negative electrode terminal 2 </ b> B of the lithium ion battery that is the battery cell 1. The bus bar 3 of the clad material 30 uses the first metal plate 31 as an aluminum plate, but the second metal plate 32 is a metal plate different from the first metal plate 31 and is ideal for the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1. A metal plate that can be connected in a state is selected. Therefore, the second metal plate 32 is not necessarily specified as a copper plate, and a metal plate that can be connected to one electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 is used.
第1金属板31のアルミニウム板は、表面に酸化アルミニウムの皮膜ができて腐蝕が防止される。また、アルミニウム板は、レーザー光線を照射して好ましい状態でレーザー溶接できる。このため、アルミニウム板からなる第1金属板31は、表面にメッキ層を設ける必要がない。ただ、アルミニウム板ではない第2金属板32は、表面にメッキ層34を設けることで、表面の腐蝕を防止でき、また、レーザー光線の反射を防止して効率よく溶接できる。したがって、第2金属板32は表面にメッキ層34を設けている。メッキ層34は、ニッケルメッキが使用される。ニッケルメッキは、第2金属板32の表面の腐蝕を防止できると共に、レーザー光線の反射を防止して、レーザー溶接を確実にできる特徴がある。また、電圧検出端子23のスポット溶接やハンダ付けを簡単で確実にできる。ただ、第2金属板32のメッキ層34は、必ずしもニッケルメッキとする必要はなく、表面の腐蝕を防止して、レーザー溶接やハンダ付け等をできる他の金属メッキとすることもできる。
The aluminum plate of the first metal plate 31 is formed with an aluminum oxide film on the surface, and corrosion is prevented. The aluminum plate can be laser welded in a preferable state by irradiating a laser beam. For this reason, the 1st metal plate 31 which consists of aluminum plates does not need to provide a plating layer on the surface. However, the 2nd metal plate 32 which is not an aluminum plate can prevent the corrosion of the surface by providing the plating layer 34 on the surface, and can also be efficiently welded by preventing the reflection of the laser beam. Therefore, the second metal plate 32 is provided with a plating layer 34 on the surface. Nickel plating is used for the plating layer 34. Nickel plating has the characteristics that the corrosion of the surface of the second metal plate 32 can be prevented and the reflection of the laser beam can be prevented to ensure the laser welding. In addition, spot welding and soldering of the voltage detection terminal 23 can be easily and reliably performed. However, the plating layer 34 of the second metal plate 32 is not necessarily made of nickel plating, and may be other metal plating that prevents surface corrosion and can be laser-welded or soldered.
クラッド材30のバスバー3は、第1金属板31の表面にはメッキ層を設けることなく、第2金属板32の表面にメッキ層34を設けている。このバスバー3は、第1金属板31の表面をマスクして、メッキして、第2金属板32の表面にニッケルメッキのメッキ層34を設けることができる。このバスバー3は、第2金属板32の表面にのみメッキ層34を設けるので、第2金属板32の表面積を小さくして、メッキ層34の面積を小さく、すなわち製造コストを低減できる。
The bus bar 3 of the clad material 30 is provided with a plating layer 34 on the surface of the second metal plate 32 without providing a plating layer on the surface of the first metal plate 31. The bus bar 3 can be plated by masking the surface of the first metal plate 31 to provide a nickel-plated plating layer 34 on the surface of the second metal plate 32. Since the bus bar 3 is provided with the plating layer 34 only on the surface of the second metal plate 32, the surface area of the second metal plate 32 can be reduced, and the area of the plating layer 34 can be reduced, that is, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
第2金属板32の表面積を小さくするために、バスバー3のクラッド材30は、クラッド境界33を独特の構造としている。図5と図6は、クラッド材30であるバスバー3A、3Bを長手方向に切断した縦断面図である。このバスバー3A、3Bは、第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを接合するクラッド境界33において、互いにラップさせてラップ面を圧接している。さらに、バスバー3A、3Bは、クラッド境界33において、第1金属板31には嵌着溝35を設けており、第2金属板32には嵌着溝35に嵌入される嵌入突出部36を設けている。第2金属板32の嵌入突出部36が第1金属板31の嵌着溝35に挿入され、嵌着溝35と嵌入突出部36とのラップ面が圧接されて、第1金属板31と第2金属板32は互いに接合されている。また、クラッド境界33において、第1金属板31は嵌着溝35の外側壁37をバスバー表面に露出させて、第1金属板31のアルミニウム板をクラッド境界33の両面に露出させている。クラッド境界33は、アルミニウム板の第1金属板31と第2金属板32とがラップされる境界であるが、クラッド境界33は、両面にアルミニウムのみ露出させる。したがって、バスバー3A、3Bは、この独特の構造によって、アルミニウムの露出面積は大きく、第2金属板32の露出面積は小さくなる。バスバー3A、3Bは、第2金属板32の表面のみにメッキ層34を設けているので、第1金属板31であるアルミニウム板の露出面積を大きくして、第2金属板32の露出面積を小さくして、メッキ層34の面積を小さくして、メッキコストを低減できる。
In order to reduce the surface area of the second metal plate 32, the clad material 30 of the bus bar 3 has a unique structure at the clad boundary 33. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional views of the bus bars 3A and 3B, which are the clad material 30, cut in the longitudinal direction. The bus bars 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B are overlapped with each other at the clad boundary 33 where the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are joined to press-contact the lap surfaces. Further, the bus bars 3A and 3B are provided with a fitting groove 35 in the first metal plate 31 and a fitting protrusion 36 fitted in the fitting groove 35 in the second metal plate 32 at the clad boundary 33. ing. The fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 is inserted into the fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31, and the lap surface between the fitting groove 35 and the fitting protrusion 36 is pressed into contact with the first metal plate 31 and the first metal plate 31. The two metal plates 32 are joined to each other. Further, at the cladding boundary 33, the first metal plate 31 exposes the outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 on the bus bar surface, and the aluminum plate of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on both surfaces of the cladding boundary 33. The cladding boundary 33 is a boundary where the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 of the aluminum plate are wrapped, but the cladding boundary 33 exposes only aluminum on both surfaces. Therefore, the bus bars 3A and 3B have a large exposed area of aluminum and a small exposed area of the second metal plate 32 due to this unique structure. Since the bus bars 3A and 3B are provided with the plating layer 34 only on the surface of the second metal plate 32, the exposed area of the aluminum plate which is the first metal plate 31 is increased, and the exposed area of the second metal plate 32 is increased. The plating cost can be reduced by reducing the area of the plating layer 34 by reducing the area.
図5の縦断面図に示すバスバー3Aは、第1金属板31の嵌着溝35をV溝35aとし、嵌着溝35に挿入される第2金属板32の嵌入突出部36を、V溝35aに嵌着できる横断面形状を逆V字状の凸条36aとしている。このバスバー3Aは、凸条36aの嵌入突出部36をV溝35aに圧入することで、ラップ面を密着し、ラップ面を密着させる状態で圧接して、第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを接合できる。
The bus bar 3A shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5 has a fitting groove 35 of the first metal plate 31 as a V groove 35a, and a fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 inserted into the fitting groove 35 as a V groove. The cross-sectional shape that can be fitted to 35a is an inverted V-shaped ridge 36a. The bus bar 3A press-fits the fitting protrusion 36 of the ridge 36a into the V-groove 35a, thereby bringing the lap surface into close contact and press-contacting with the lap surface in close contact with the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate. 32 can be joined.
さらに、図5のバスバー3Aは、第1金属板31には互いに平行に複数列の嵌着溝35を設け、第2金属板32には各嵌着溝35に嵌入される複数列の嵌入突出部36を設け、各々の嵌入突出部36を各々の嵌着溝35に圧入し、ラップ面を圧接して第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを接合している。複数の嵌着溝35に複数の嵌入突出部36を挿入しているバスバー3Aは、第1金属板31の最も表面側に設けている嵌着溝35の外側壁37をバスバー3Aの表面に露出させて、クラッド境界33の両面にアルミニウムを露出させる。この構造のバスバー3Aは、クラッド境界33の両面にアルミニウムを露出させながら、複数の嵌着溝35と嵌入突出部36とで第1金属板31と第2金属板32とをより強固に接合できる。
Further, in the bus bar 3A of FIG. 5, the first metal plate 31 is provided with a plurality of rows of fitting grooves 35 in parallel to each other, and the second metal plate 32 is provided with a plurality of rows of fitting protrusions fitted into the fitting grooves 35. The first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are joined by press-fitting the fitting protrusions 36 into the fitting grooves 35 and pressing the lap surfaces. In the bus bar 3A in which the plurality of fitting protrusions 36 are inserted into the plurality of fitting grooves 35, the outer wall 37 of the fitting groove 35 provided on the outermost surface side of the first metal plate 31 is exposed on the surface of the bus bar 3A. Thus, aluminum is exposed on both sides of the cladding boundary 33. The bus bar 3A having this structure can more firmly join the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 with the plurality of fitting grooves 35 and the fitting protrusions 36 while exposing aluminum on both surfaces of the cladding boundary 33. .
また、図6の縦断面図に示すバスバー3Bは、第1金属板31に設けている嵌着溝35を、横断面形状をU字状とするU溝35bとし、この嵌着溝35に挿入される第2金属板32の嵌入突出部36をU溝35bに嵌着される凸条36bとしている。このバスバー3Bも、凸条36bの嵌入突出部36をU溝35bの嵌着溝35に圧入し、ラップ面を圧接して第1金属板31と第2金属板32とを接合できる。
Further, in the bus bar 3B shown in the longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, the fitting groove 35 provided in the first metal plate 31 is a U groove 35b having a U-shaped cross section, and is inserted into the fitting groove 35. The fitting protrusion 36 of the second metal plate 32 is a ridge 36b fitted into the U groove 35b. This bus bar 3B can also join the 1st metal plate 31 and the 2nd metal plate 32 by press-fitting the insertion protrusion part 36 of the protruding item | line 36b in the fitting groove 35 of the U groove 35b, and press-contacting a lapping surface.
以上のバスバー3は、第1金属板31の表面をマスキングする状態で、メッキ液に浸漬されて、第2金属板32の表面のみにニッケルメッキなどのメッキ層34が設けられる。
The bus bar 3 described above is immersed in a plating solution in a state in which the surface of the first metal plate 31 is masked, and a plating layer 34 such as nickel plating is provided only on the surface of the second metal plate 32.
さらに、バスバー3は、複数の電池セル1の電極端子2に接続する両端部には、電極端子2を挿入する貫通孔38を設けている。図2の電池パックは、隣接して積層しているふたつの電池セル1をバスバー3で直列に接続するので、バスバー3の両端部に2個の貫通孔38を設けている。バスバー3は、必ずしも2個の電池セル1を直列に接続するのではなく、たとえば4個の電池セルを直列と並列に接続することもある。このバスバーは、4個の貫通孔を設ける。図2のバスバー3は、積層している電池積層体9の電池セル1を直列に接続する。ただ、バスバーは、電池ホルダー(図示せず)で所定の位置に配置される電池セルを直列に接続することもできる。このバスバーは、電池セルの電極端子の位置に貫通孔を設けている。
Furthermore, the bus bar 3 is provided with through holes 38 for inserting the electrode terminals 2 at both ends connected to the electrode terminals 2 of the plurality of battery cells 1. In the battery pack of FIG. 2, two battery cells 1 that are stacked adjacent to each other are connected in series by a bus bar 3, so that two through holes 38 are provided at both ends of the bus bar 3. The bus bar 3 does not necessarily connect two battery cells 1 in series, but may connect, for example, four battery cells in series and in parallel. This bus bar is provided with four through holes. The bus bar 3 in FIG. 2 connects the battery cells 1 of the stacked battery stack 9 in series. However, the bus bar can be connected in series with battery cells arranged at predetermined positions by a battery holder (not shown). This bus bar has a through hole at the position of the electrode terminal of the battery cell.
バスバー3は、図7と図8に示すように、貫通孔38の間隔を、所定の位置に配置される電池セル1の電極端子2の間隔に等しくしている。各々の電池セル1の電極端子2を貫通孔38に挿入して、電極端子2をバスバー3に電気接続するからである。困ったことに、所定の位置に配置される電池セル1の電極端子2の間隔は、必ずしも常に一定ではない。電池セル1の寸法誤差や電池ホルダーの寸法誤差が原因で、電極端子2の間隔に誤差ができる。間隔が変化する電極端子2を挿入するために、バスバー3は、一方の、あるいは両方の貫通孔38を大きくして、電極端子2との間に遊び隙間39を設けている。このバスバー3は、電極端子2とバスバー3との相対位置をずらせる状態で電極端子2を貫通孔38に挿入できるように、貫通孔38を大きくして、位置ずれ範囲を設けている。
In the bus bar 3, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the interval between the through holes 38 is made equal to the interval between the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 arranged at predetermined positions. This is because the electrode terminal 2 of each battery cell 1 is inserted into the through hole 38 and the electrode terminal 2 is electrically connected to the bus bar 3. Unfortunately, the interval between the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 arranged at a predetermined position is not always constant. Due to the dimensional error of the battery cell 1 and the dimensional error of the battery holder, an error is generated in the distance between the electrode terminals 2. In order to insert the electrode terminal 2 whose interval changes, the bus bar 3 has one or both through-holes 38 enlarged, and a play gap 39 is provided between the bus bar 3 and the electrode terminal 2. The bus bar 3 has a large through hole 38 to provide a position shift range so that the electrode terminal 2 can be inserted into the through hole 38 in a state where the relative positions of the electrode terminal 2 and the bus bar 3 are shifted.
図7と図8のバスバー3は、電池セル1の電極端子2が積層方向にずれても、貫通孔38に挿入できるように、一方の貫通孔38を、電池セル1の積層方向に延びる長孔状として、位置ずれ範囲を設けている。このバスバー3は、電池セル1の寸法誤差で、電池セル1の電極端子2が積層方向にずれても、各電池セル1の電極端子2を貫通孔38にスムーズに無理なく挿入できる。電極端子2の間隔の寸法誤差を吸収して、複数の電極端子2を各貫通孔38に挿入できる位置ずれ範囲は、たとえば、電極端子2とバスバー3との相対位置を0.5mm~3mmずらせて、電極端子2をバスバー3の貫通孔38に挿入できる範囲に設定される。位置ずれ範囲は、貫通孔38の内形と電極端子2の外形との寸法差で特定する。
The bus bar 3 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has one through hole 38 extending in the stacking direction of the battery cell 1 so that the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 can be inserted into the through hole 38 even if the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 is shifted in the stacking direction. As the hole shape, a misalignment range is provided. Even when the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 are displaced in the stacking direction due to a dimensional error of the battery cells 1, the bus bars 3 can be smoothly and easily inserted into the through holes 38. The positional displacement range in which a plurality of electrode terminals 2 can be inserted into the respective through holes 38 by absorbing the dimensional error of the distance between the electrode terminals 2 is, for example, that the relative position between the electrode terminal 2 and the bus bar 3 is shifted by 0.5 mm to 3 mm. Thus, the electrode terminal 2 is set in a range where the electrode terminal 2 can be inserted into the through hole 38 of the bus bar 3. The position shift range is specified by a dimensional difference between the inner shape of the through hole 38 and the outer shape of the electrode terminal 2.
バスバー3は、寸法誤差のある複数の電極端子2を貫通孔38に挿入するので、貫通孔38を電極端子2よりも大きくして、遊び隙間39を設けている。バスバーは、全ての貫通孔に、電極端子との間に遊び隙間を設けることができる。ただ、バスバー3は、電極端子2との間に遊び隙間39のない密着貫通孔38Bと、電極端子2との間に遊び隙間39のある隙間貫通孔38Aとを設けることもできる。このバスバー3は、少なくともひとつの貫通孔38を密着貫通孔38Bとして、他の貫通孔38を隙間貫通孔38Aとする。
Since the bus bar 3 inserts a plurality of electrode terminals 2 having dimensional errors into the through holes 38, the through holes 38 are made larger than the electrode terminals 2 to provide play gaps 39. The bus bar can be provided with play gaps between all the through holes and the electrode terminals. However, the bus bar 3 can also be provided with a close-contact through hole 38 </ b> B having no play gap 39 between the electrode terminal 2 and a gap through hole 38 </ b> A with a play gap 39 between the electrode terminal 2. The bus bar 3 has at least one through hole 38 as a close-contact through hole 38B and the other through hole 38 as a clearance through hole 38A.
図7と図8のバスバー3は、互いに積層している電池セル1の電極端子2に接続されるので、ひとつの貫通孔38を密着貫通孔38Bとして、他の貫通孔38を電池セル1の積層方向に延びる長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aとしている。図7と図8のバスバー3は、第1金属板31に密着貫通孔38Bを設けて、第2金属板32に長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aを設けている。このバスバー3は、電極端子2の間隔が、電池セル1の積層方向にずれても、電極端子2を隙間貫通孔38Aにスムーズに無理なく挿入できる。
7 and 8 are connected to the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 stacked on each other. Therefore, one through hole 38 is used as a close contact hole 38B, and the other through hole 38 is used as the battery cell 1. A long-hole-shaped gap through hole 38A extending in the stacking direction is used. 7 and 8, the first metal plate 31 is provided with a close-contact through hole 38B, and the second metal plate 32 is provided with a long-hole-shaped gap through hole 38A. The bus bar 3 can smoothly and easily insert the electrode terminal 2 into the clearance through hole 38 </ b> A even if the interval between the electrode terminals 2 is shifted in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1.
貫通孔38と電極端子2との間の遊び隙間39は、図9に示すように、電極端子2に挿入される固定リング7で塞がれる。固定リング7は、内形を電極端子2の外形に等しくし、外形を貫通孔38の内形よりも大きくしている。とくに、固定リング7の外形は、電極端子2を隙間貫通孔38Aのいかなる位置に挿入しても、隙間貫通孔38Aを閉塞できる外形に設計される。レーザー溶接してバスバー3に接続される固定リング7は、溶接リング7Aである。図のバスバー3は、第2金属板32に隙間貫通孔38Aを設けているので、溶接リング7Aは、これが接続される第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じ金属板で製作され、あるいは、第2金属板32と同じ、又は異なる金属板であって、表面に第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じメッキ層を設けた金属板が使用される。すなわち、バスバー3の第2金属板32に設けたニッケルメッキ層34に溶接される溶接リング7Aは、ニッケル板で製作され、あるいは、表面をニッケルメッキしている金属板としている。表面に第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じメッキ層を設けている溶接リング7Aは、好ましくは、第2金属板32と同じ金属板で製作されるが、必ずしも第2金属板32と同じ金属板とする必要はなく、他の金属板で製作することもできる。
The play gap 39 between the through hole 38 and the electrode terminal 2 is closed by a fixing ring 7 inserted into the electrode terminal 2 as shown in FIG. The fixing ring 7 has an inner shape equal to the outer shape of the electrode terminal 2, and the outer shape is larger than the inner shape of the through hole 38. In particular, the outer shape of the fixing ring 7 is designed such that the gap through hole 38A can be closed regardless of the position of the electrode terminal 2 inserted into the gap through hole 38A. The fixing ring 7 connected to the bus bar 3 by laser welding is a welding ring 7A. Since the bus bar 3 shown in the figure has a clearance through hole 38A in the second metal plate 32, the welding ring 7A is made of the same metal plate as the plating layer 34 provided in the second metal plate 32 to which the bus bar 3 is connected, Alternatively, a metal plate that is the same as or different from the second metal plate 32 and that has the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is used. That is, the welding ring 7A welded to the nickel plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 is made of a nickel plate or a metal plate having a surface plated with nickel. The welding ring 7A provided with the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is preferably manufactured from the same metal plate as the second metal plate 32, but is not necessarily limited to the second metal plate 32. It is not necessary to use the same metal plate as that, and other metal plates can be used.
固定リング7は、図10に示すように、溶接リング7Aに代わってナット7Bも使用できる。固定リング7をナット7Bとする電池パックは、電池セル51の電極端子52に雄ネジ54を設け、これをバスバー3の貫通孔38に挿入し、その先端にナット7Bをねじ込んで電極端子52をバスバー3に接続している。この固定リング7は、正極端子52Aにねじ込まれるナット7Baを、バスバー3の第1金属板31と同じ金属、すなわちアルミニウムで製作し、負極端子52Bにねじ込まれるナット7Bbを、第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じ金属で製作し、あるいは、表面に第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じメッキ層を設けた金属製とすることができる。すなわち、バスバー3の第2金属板32に設けたニッケルメッキ層34に接続されるナット7Bbは、ニッケルで製作され、あるいは、表面をニッケルメッキしている金属製とすることができる。表面に第2金属板32に設けたメッキ層34と同じメッキ層を設けているナット7Bbは、好ましくは、第2金属板32と同じ金属で製作されるが、必ずしも第2金属板32と同じ金属とする必要はなく、他の金属で製作することもできる。
As shown in FIG. 10, the fixing ring 7 can use a nut 7B instead of the welding ring 7A. In the battery pack in which the fixing ring 7 is the nut 7B, the male terminal 54 is provided in the electrode terminal 52 of the battery cell 51, inserted into the through hole 38 of the bus bar 3, and the nut 7B is screwed into the tip of the electrode terminal 52. Connected to bus bar 3. The fixing ring 7 is made of the same metal as the first metal plate 31 of the bus bar 3, that is, aluminum, and the nut 7 </ b> Bb screwed into the positive electrode terminal 52 </ b> A. It can be made of the same metal as the provided plating layer 34 or can be made of a metal having the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface. That is, the nut 7Bb connected to the nickel plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 can be made of nickel or made of metal whose surface is nickel plated. The nut 7Bb having the same plating layer as the plating layer 34 provided on the second metal plate 32 on the surface is preferably made of the same metal as the second metal plate 32, but is not necessarily the same as the second metal plate 32. It does not need to be made of metal, and can be made of other metals.
さらに、図1と図2に示す電池パック100は、電池積層体9の上面に表面プレート8を配置しており、この表面プレート8で、互いに積層される電池セル1の封口板12側の端面(図において上面)をカバーしている。この表面プレート8は、電池積層体9の上面に沿う外形に成形している。この表面プレート8は、ナイロン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂などの絶縁性のプラスチックで成形している。さらに、表面プレート8は、図1と図2に示すように、電池セル1の電極端子2を表出させてバスバー3に接続するための開口窓29を開口して設けている。図の表面プレート8は、電池積層体9の両側部に沿って、複数の開口窓29を設けている。開口窓29は、バスバー3を定位置に案内しながら電極端子2に接続できるように、バスバー3の外形に沿う大きさと形状している。表面プレート8の開口窓29に配置されるバスバー3は、電池セル1の電極端子2にレーザー溶接等の溶着によって固定されて、複数の電池セル1を所定の接続状態に接続する。ただ、電池パックは、必ずしも電池積層体の上面に表面プレートを配置する必要はない。
Furthermore, the battery pack 100 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 has a surface plate 8 disposed on the upper surface of the battery stack 9, and the end surface of the battery cell 1 that is stacked on the surface plate 8 on the sealing plate 12 side. (Upper surface in the figure) is covered. The surface plate 8 is formed in an outer shape along the upper surface of the battery stack 9. The surface plate 8 is formed of an insulating plastic such as nylon resin or epoxy resin. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface plate 8 is provided with an opening window 29 for exposing the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 and connecting it to the bus bar 3. The illustrated surface plate 8 is provided with a plurality of opening windows 29 along both side portions of the battery stack 9. The opening window 29 is sized and shaped along the outer shape of the bus bar 3 so that it can be connected to the electrode terminal 2 while guiding the bus bar 3 to a fixed position. The bus bar 3 disposed in the opening window 29 of the surface plate 8 is fixed to the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell 1 by welding such as laser welding, and connects the plurality of battery cells 1 to a predetermined connection state. However, it is not always necessary for the battery pack to dispose a surface plate on the upper surface of the battery stack.
さらに、電池パック100は、図3に示すように、各電池セル1の電圧を検出する電圧検出回路21を備えている。図1と図2の電池パック100は、表面プレート8の上方に回路基板20を固定しており、この回路基板20に電圧検出回路21を実現する電子部品(図示せず)を実装している。電圧検出回路21は、各々の電池セル1の電圧を検出し、各電池セル1の過充電や過放電を防止するように、充放電の電流をコントロールする。電圧検出回路21は、電圧検出ラインであるリード線22を介して、電池セル1の電極端子2を連結しているバスバー3に接続されている。電圧検出回路21は、入力側に接続しているリード線22をバスバー3に接続して、リード線22とバスバー3を介して、各電池セル1の電圧を検出する。リード線22を確実にバスバー3に接続するために、バスバー3は電圧検出端子23を固定している。この電圧検出端子23は、図7~図9に示すようにバスバー3の第2金属板32、すなわち銅板の表面に、溶接やハンダ付け等の方法で固定される。銅板の第2金属板32は、金属製の電圧検出端子23を確実に安定して固定できる。リード線22は、ハンダ付けして電圧検出端子23に接続される。
Furthermore, the battery pack 100 includes a voltage detection circuit 21 for detecting the voltage of each battery cell 1 as shown in FIG. The battery pack 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2 has a circuit board 20 fixed above the surface plate 8, and an electronic component (not shown) for realizing the voltage detection circuit 21 is mounted on the circuit board 20. . The voltage detection circuit 21 detects the voltage of each battery cell 1 and controls the charge / discharge current so as to prevent overcharge and overdischarge of each battery cell 1. The voltage detection circuit 21 is connected to the bus bar 3 that connects the electrode terminals 2 of the battery cells 1 through lead wires 22 that are voltage detection lines. The voltage detection circuit 21 connects the lead wire 22 connected to the input side to the bus bar 3, and detects the voltage of each battery cell 1 via the lead wire 22 and the bus bar 3. In order to securely connect the lead wire 22 to the bus bar 3, the bus bar 3 has a voltage detection terminal 23 fixed thereto. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the voltage detection terminal 23 is fixed to the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3, that is, the surface of the copper plate by a method such as welding or soldering. The second metal plate 32 made of a copper plate can reliably and stably fix the metal voltage detection terminal 23. The lead wire 22 is soldered and connected to the voltage detection terminal 23.
以上の電池パックは、以下の工程で組み立てられる。
(1)所定の個数の電池セル1を、間にスペーサ6を介在させる状態で、電池セル1の厚さ方向に積層して電池積層体9とする。このとき、互いに積層される複数の電池セル1は、封口板12の両端部にある正負の電極端子2が交互に逆向きとなるように積層する。
(2)電池積層体9の両端にエンドプレート4を積層し、一対のエンドプレート4を両側から押圧して、電池積層体9を電池セル1の積層方向に加圧する。
(3)電池積層体9の両側面の下端において、電池積層体9の両端面に配置される一対のエンドプレート4の下側コーナー部を連結具5で連結する。
(4)さらに、電池積層体9を電池セル1の積層方向に加圧する状態で、電池積層体9の上面の定位置に表面プレート8を配置する。
(5)電池積層体9の両側面の上端において、電池積層体9の両端面に配置される一対のエンドプレート4の上側コーナー部を連結具5で連結する。この状態で、連結具5を介して、積層状態の電池セル1を積層方向に加圧状態で固定すると共に、表面プレート8の両側縁部を連結具5で電池積層体9に固定する。 The above battery pack is assembled in the following steps.
(1) A predetermined number ofbattery cells 1 are stacked in the thickness direction of the battery cell 1 with a spacer 6 interposed therebetween to form a battery stack 9. At this time, the plurality of battery cells 1 stacked on each other are stacked such that the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 at both ends of the sealing plate 12 are alternately reversed.
(2) Theend plates 4 are stacked on both ends of the battery stack 9, the pair of end plates 4 are pressed from both sides, and the battery stack 9 is pressed in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1.
(3) At the lower ends of the both side surfaces of thebattery stack 9, the lower corners of the pair of end plates 4 arranged on both end surfaces of the battery stack 9 are connected by the connector 5.
(4) Furthermore, thesurface plate 8 is disposed at a fixed position on the upper surface of the battery stack 9 in a state where the battery stack 9 is pressed in the stacking direction of the battery cells 1.
(5) At the upper ends of both side surfaces of thebattery stack 9, the upper corners of the pair of end plates 4 arranged on both end surfaces of the battery stack 9 are connected by the connector 5. In this state, the battery cells 1 in the stacked state are fixed in the stacking direction in a pressurized state via the connector 5, and both side edges of the surface plate 8 are fixed to the battery stack 9 with the connector 5.
(1)所定の個数の電池セル1を、間にスペーサ6を介在させる状態で、電池セル1の厚さ方向に積層して電池積層体9とする。このとき、互いに積層される複数の電池セル1は、封口板12の両端部にある正負の電極端子2が交互に逆向きとなるように積層する。
(2)電池積層体9の両端にエンドプレート4を積層し、一対のエンドプレート4を両側から押圧して、電池積層体9を電池セル1の積層方向に加圧する。
(3)電池積層体9の両側面の下端において、電池積層体9の両端面に配置される一対のエンドプレート4の下側コーナー部を連結具5で連結する。
(4)さらに、電池積層体9を電池セル1の積層方向に加圧する状態で、電池積層体9の上面の定位置に表面プレート8を配置する。
(5)電池積層体9の両側面の上端において、電池積層体9の両端面に配置される一対のエンドプレート4の上側コーナー部を連結具5で連結する。この状態で、連結具5を介して、積層状態の電池セル1を積層方向に加圧状態で固定すると共に、表面プレート8の両側縁部を連結具5で電池積層体9に固定する。 The above battery pack is assembled in the following steps.
(1) A predetermined number of
(2) The
(3) At the lower ends of the both side surfaces of the
(4) Furthermore, the
(5) At the upper ends of both side surfaces of the
(6)電池積層体9の両側において、互いに隣接する電池セル1の対向する電極端子2、52同士をバスバー3で連結する。バスバー3は、表面プレート8の開口窓29に配置されて、この開口窓29から表出する正極端子2A、52Aと負極端子2B、52Bを連結する。互いに隣接する電池セル1がバスバー3で直列に接続されて、電池積層体9を構成する電池セル1が直列に接続される。
このとき、図8と図9に示す電極端子2は、次のようにしてバスバー3に接続される。
[1]図8に示すように、バスバー3の両端部に設けている貫通孔38に、隣接する電池セル1の電極端子2を挿入する。このとき、第1金属板31に設けた円形の密着貫通孔38Bに正極端子2Aを挿入し、第2金属板32に設けた長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aに負極端子2Bを挿入する。この状態で、密着貫通孔38Bと正極端子2Aとの間に隙間はできないが、長孔の隙間貫通孔38Aと負極端子2Bとの間には隙間ができる。
[2]バスバー3の上に溶接リング7Aである固定リング7を載せて、この溶接リング7Aの中心孔に、隙間貫通孔38Aに挿入している負極端子2Bを挿入する。溶接リング7Aは外形が隙間貫通孔38Aよりも大きいので、隙間貫通孔38Aと負極端子2Bとの隙間が閉塞される。
[3]図9に示すように、円形の密着貫通孔38Bは、その円周に沿ってレーザー光線を照射して、正極端子2Aをバスバー3にレーザー溶接する。また、長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aは、溶接リング7Aである固定リング7の内周縁と外周縁に沿ってレーザー光線を照射して、溶接リング7Aの中心孔の内周縁を負極端子2Bに、外周縁をバスバー3にレーザー溶接する。
また、図10に示す電極端子52は、次のようにしてバスバー3に接続される。
[1]図10に示すように、バスバー3の両端部に設けている貫通孔38に、隣接する電池セル51の電極端子52を挿入する。このとき、第1金属板31に設けた円形の密着貫通孔38Bに正極端子52Aを挿入し、第2金属板32に設けた長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aに負極端子52Bを挿入する。
[2]正極端子52Aの先端にナット7Baをねじ込むと共に、負極端子52Bの先端にナット7Bbをねじ込んで各電極端子52をバスバー3に接続する。 (6) The opposite electrode terminals 2 and 52 of the battery cells 1 adjacent to each other are connected by the bus bar 3 on both sides of the battery stack 9. The bus bar 3 is disposed in the opening window 29 of the surface plate 8 and connects the positive terminals 2A and 52A and the negative terminals 2B and 52B exposed from the opening window 29. The battery cells 1 adjacent to each other are connected in series by the bus bar 3, and the battery cells 1 constituting the battery stack 9 are connected in series.
At this time, theelectrode terminal 2 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is connected to the bus bar 3 as follows.
[1] As shown in FIG. 8, theelectrode terminals 2 of the adjacent battery cells 1 are inserted into the through holes 38 provided at both ends of the bus bar 3. At this time, the positive electrode terminal 2 </ b> A is inserted into the circular close contact hole 38 </ b> B provided in the first metal plate 31, and the negative electrode terminal 2 </ b> B is inserted into the long hole-shaped gap through hole 38 </ b> A provided in the second metal plate 32. In this state, there is no gap between the close contact through hole 38B and the positive electrode terminal 2A, but there is a gap between the long gap through hole 38A and the negative electrode terminal 2B.
[2] The fixingring 7 as the welding ring 7A is placed on the bus bar 3, and the negative electrode terminal 2B inserted in the clearance through hole 38A is inserted into the center hole of the welding ring 7A. Since the outer shape of the weld ring 7A is larger than the gap through hole 38A, the gap between the gap through hole 38A and the negative electrode terminal 2B is closed.
[3] As shown in FIG. 9, the circular close-contact through-hole 38 </ b> B irradiates a laser beam along its circumference to laser-weld the positive electrode terminal 2 </ b> A to the bus bar 3. The long hole-shaped gap through-hole 38A irradiates a laser beam along the inner and outer peripheral edges of the fixing ring 7 which is the welding ring 7A, and the inner peripheral edge of the center hole of the welding ring 7A is applied to the negative electrode terminal 2B. The outer peripheral edge is laser welded to the bus bar 3.
Moreover, theelectrode terminal 52 shown in FIG. 10 is connected to the bus bar 3 as follows.
[1] As shown in FIG. 10, theelectrode terminals 52 of the adjacent battery cells 51 are inserted into the through holes 38 provided at both ends of the bus bar 3. At this time, the positive electrode terminal 52 </ b> A is inserted into the circular contact through-hole 38 </ b> B provided in the first metal plate 31, and the negative electrode terminal 52 </ b> B is inserted into the long-hole-shaped gap through-hole 38 </ b> A provided in the second metal plate 32.
[2] The nut 7Ba is screwed into the tip of thepositive electrode terminal 52A, and the nut 7Bb is screwed into the tip of the negative electrode terminal 52B to connect each electrode terminal 52 to the bus bar 3.
このとき、図8と図9に示す電極端子2は、次のようにしてバスバー3に接続される。
[1]図8に示すように、バスバー3の両端部に設けている貫通孔38に、隣接する電池セル1の電極端子2を挿入する。このとき、第1金属板31に設けた円形の密着貫通孔38Bに正極端子2Aを挿入し、第2金属板32に設けた長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aに負極端子2Bを挿入する。この状態で、密着貫通孔38Bと正極端子2Aとの間に隙間はできないが、長孔の隙間貫通孔38Aと負極端子2Bとの間には隙間ができる。
[2]バスバー3の上に溶接リング7Aである固定リング7を載せて、この溶接リング7Aの中心孔に、隙間貫通孔38Aに挿入している負極端子2Bを挿入する。溶接リング7Aは外形が隙間貫通孔38Aよりも大きいので、隙間貫通孔38Aと負極端子2Bとの隙間が閉塞される。
[3]図9に示すように、円形の密着貫通孔38Bは、その円周に沿ってレーザー光線を照射して、正極端子2Aをバスバー3にレーザー溶接する。また、長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aは、溶接リング7Aである固定リング7の内周縁と外周縁に沿ってレーザー光線を照射して、溶接リング7Aの中心孔の内周縁を負極端子2Bに、外周縁をバスバー3にレーザー溶接する。
また、図10に示す電極端子52は、次のようにしてバスバー3に接続される。
[1]図10に示すように、バスバー3の両端部に設けている貫通孔38に、隣接する電池セル51の電極端子52を挿入する。このとき、第1金属板31に設けた円形の密着貫通孔38Bに正極端子52Aを挿入し、第2金属板32に設けた長孔状の隙間貫通孔38Aに負極端子52Bを挿入する。
[2]正極端子52Aの先端にナット7Baをねじ込むと共に、負極端子52Bの先端にナット7Bbをねじ込んで各電極端子52をバスバー3に接続する。 (6) The
At this time, the
[1] As shown in FIG. 8, the
[2] The fixing
[3] As shown in FIG. 9, the circular close-contact through-
Moreover, the
[1] As shown in FIG. 10, the
[2] The nut 7Ba is screwed into the tip of the
(7)表面プレート8の上方の定位置に回路基板20を固定する。さらに、回路基板20に実装される電圧検出回路21から引き出されたリード線22を各バスバー3に接続する。各リード線22は、先端に電圧検出端子23を接続しており、この電圧検出端子23をバスバー3の第2金属板32の表面に、溶接やハンダ付け等の方法で固定する。
ここで、(6)と(7)の工程は、順番を逆にすることもできる。 (7) Thecircuit board 20 is fixed at a fixed position above the surface plate 8. Furthermore, the lead wires 22 drawn out from the voltage detection circuit 21 mounted on the circuit board 20 are connected to each bus bar 3. Each lead wire 22 has a voltage detection terminal 23 connected to the tip, and the voltage detection terminal 23 is fixed to the surface of the second metal plate 32 of the bus bar 3 by a method such as welding or soldering.
Here, the order of the steps (6) and (7) can be reversed.
ここで、(6)と(7)の工程は、順番を逆にすることもできる。 (7) The
Here, the order of the steps (6) and (7) can be reversed.
以上の電池パックは、車載用の電源として利用できる。電池パックを搭載する車両としては、エンジンとモータの両方で走行するハイブリッド自動車やプラグインハイブリッド自動車、あるいはモータのみで走行する電気自動車等の電動車両が利用でき、これらの車両の電源として使用される。
The above battery pack can be used as an in-vehicle power source. As a vehicle equipped with a battery pack, an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor, or an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor can be used, and it is used as a power source for these vehicles. .
(ハイブリッド自動車用電池パック)
図11は、エンジンとモータの両方で走行するハイブリッド自動車に電池パックを搭載する例を示す。この図に示す電池パックを搭載した車両HVは、車両HVを走行させるエンジン96及び走行用のモータ93と、モータ93に電力を供給する電池パック100と、電池パック100の電池を充電する発電機94と、エンジン96、モータ93、電池パック100、及び発電機94を搭載してなる車両本体90と、エンジン96又はモータ93で駆動されて車両本体90を走行させる車輪97とを備えている。電池パック100は、DC/ACインバータ95を介してモータ93と発電機94に接続している。車両HVは、電池パック100の電池を充放電しながらモータ93とエンジン96の両方で走行する。モータ93は、エンジン効率の悪い領域、例えば加速時や低速走行時に駆動されて車両HVを走行させる。モータ93は、電池パック100から電力が供給されて駆動する。発電機94は、エンジン96で駆動され、あるいは車両HVにブレーキをかけるときの回生制動で駆動されて、電池パック100の電池を充電する。 (Battery pack for hybrid vehicles)
FIG. 11 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor. A vehicle HV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure includes anengine 96 and a running motor 93 that run the vehicle HV, a battery pack 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and a generator that charges the batteries of the battery pack 100. 94, a vehicle main body 90 on which an engine 96, a motor 93, a battery pack 100, and a generator 94 are mounted, and wheels 97 that are driven by the engine 96 or the motor 93 to run the vehicle main body 90. The battery pack 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95. The vehicle HV travels by both the motor 93 and the engine 96 while charging / discharging the battery of the battery pack 100. The motor 93 is driven in a region where the engine efficiency is poor, for example, during acceleration or during low-speed traveling, and causes the vehicle HV to travel. The motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the battery pack 100. The generator 94 is driven by the engine 96 or is driven by regenerative braking when braking the vehicle HV, and charges the battery of the battery pack 100.
図11は、エンジンとモータの両方で走行するハイブリッド自動車に電池パックを搭載する例を示す。この図に示す電池パックを搭載した車両HVは、車両HVを走行させるエンジン96及び走行用のモータ93と、モータ93に電力を供給する電池パック100と、電池パック100の電池を充電する発電機94と、エンジン96、モータ93、電池パック100、及び発電機94を搭載してなる車両本体90と、エンジン96又はモータ93で駆動されて車両本体90を走行させる車輪97とを備えている。電池パック100は、DC/ACインバータ95を介してモータ93と発電機94に接続している。車両HVは、電池パック100の電池を充放電しながらモータ93とエンジン96の両方で走行する。モータ93は、エンジン効率の悪い領域、例えば加速時や低速走行時に駆動されて車両HVを走行させる。モータ93は、電池パック100から電力が供給されて駆動する。発電機94は、エンジン96で駆動され、あるいは車両HVにブレーキをかけるときの回生制動で駆動されて、電池パック100の電池を充電する。 (Battery pack for hybrid vehicles)
FIG. 11 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor. A vehicle HV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure includes an
(電気自動車用電池パック)
また、図12は、モータのみで走行する電気自動車に電池パックを搭載する例を示す。この図に示す電池パックを搭載した車両EVは、車両EVを走行させる走行用のモータ93と、このモータ93に電力を供給する電池パック100と、この電池パック100の電池を充電する発電機94と、モータ93、電池パック100、及び発電機94を搭載してなる車両本体90と、モータ93で駆動されて車両本体90を走行させる車輪97とを備えている。電池パック100は、DC/ACインバータ95を介してモータ93と発電機94に接続している。モータ93は、電池パック100から電力が供給されて駆動する。発電機94は、車両EVを回生制動する時のエネルギーで駆動されて、電池パック100の電池を充電する。 (Electric vehicle battery pack)
FIG. 12 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor. A vehicle EV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure has a travelingmotor 93 for traveling the vehicle EV, a battery pack 100 for supplying electric power to the motor 93, and a generator 94 for charging a battery of the battery pack 100. And a vehicle body 90 on which the motor 93, the battery pack 100, and the generator 94 are mounted, and a wheel 97 that is driven by the motor 93 and causes the vehicle body 90 to travel. The battery pack 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95. The motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the battery pack 100. The generator 94 is driven by energy when regenerative braking of the vehicle EV and charges the battery of the battery pack 100.
また、図12は、モータのみで走行する電気自動車に電池パックを搭載する例を示す。この図に示す電池パックを搭載した車両EVは、車両EVを走行させる走行用のモータ93と、このモータ93に電力を供給する電池パック100と、この電池パック100の電池を充電する発電機94と、モータ93、電池パック100、及び発電機94を搭載してなる車両本体90と、モータ93で駆動されて車両本体90を走行させる車輪97とを備えている。電池パック100は、DC/ACインバータ95を介してモータ93と発電機94に接続している。モータ93は、電池パック100から電力が供給されて駆動する。発電機94は、車両EVを回生制動する時のエネルギーで駆動されて、電池パック100の電池を充電する。 (Electric vehicle battery pack)
FIG. 12 shows an example in which a battery pack is mounted on an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor. A vehicle EV equipped with the battery pack shown in this figure has a traveling
(蓄電装置用電池パック)
さらに、この電池パックは、移動体用の動力源としてのみならず、定置型の蓄電用設備としても利用できる。例えば家庭用、工場用の電源として、太陽光や深夜電力等で充電し、必要時に放電する電源システム、あるいは日中の太陽光を充電して夜間に放電する街路灯用の電源や、停電時に駆動する信号機用のバックアップ電源等にも利用できる。このような例を図13に示す。この図に示す電池パック100は、複数の電池ブロック81をユニット状に接続して電池ユニット82を構成している。各電池ブロック81は、複数の電池が直列及び/又は並列に接続されている。各電池ブロック81は、電源コントローラ84により制御される。この電池パック100は、電池ユニット82を充電用電源CPで充電した後、負荷LDを駆動する。このため電池パック100は、充電モードと放電モードを備える。負荷LDと充電用電源CPはそれぞれ、放電スイッチDS及び充電スイッチCSを介して電池パック100と接続されている。放電スイッチDS及び充電スイッチCSのON/OFFは、電池パック100の電源コントローラ84によって切り替えられる。充電モードにおいては、電源コントローラ84は充電スイッチCSをONに、放電スイッチDSをOFFに切り替えて、充電用電源CPから電池パック100への充電を許可する。また充電が完了し満充電になると、あるいは所定値以上の容量が充電された状態で負荷LDからの要求に応じて、電源コントローラ84は充電スイッチCSをOFFに、放電スイッチDSをONにして放電モードに切り替え、電池パック100から負荷LDへの放電を許可する。また、必要に応じて、充電スイッチCSをONに、放電スイッチDSをONにして、負荷LDの電力供給と、電池パック100への充電を同時に行うこともできる。 (Battery pack for power storage device)
Furthermore, this battery pack can be used not only as a power source for a mobile body but also as a stationary power storage facility. For example, as a power source for home and factory use, a power supply system that is charged with sunlight or midnight power and discharged when necessary, or a streetlight power supply that charges sunlight during the day and discharges at night, or during a power outage It can also be used as a backup power source for driving signals. Such an example is shown in FIG. In thebattery pack 100 shown in this figure, a plurality of battery blocks 81 are connected in a unit form to constitute a battery unit 82. Each battery block 81 has a plurality of batteries connected in series and / or in parallel. Each battery block 81 is controlled by a power supply controller 84. The battery pack 100 drives the load LD after charging the battery unit 82 with the charging power source CP. For this reason, the battery pack 100 has a charge mode and a discharge mode. The load LD and the charging power source CP are connected to the battery pack 100 via the discharging switch DS and the charging switch CS, respectively. ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS and the charge switch CS is switched by the power supply controller 84 of the battery pack 100. In the charging mode, the power controller 84 switches the charging switch CS to ON and the discharging switch DS to OFF to permit charging of the battery pack 100 from the charging power source CP. Further, when the charging is completed and the battery is fully charged, or in response to a request from the load LD in a state where a capacity of a predetermined value or more is charged, the power controller 84 turns off the charging switch CS and turns on the discharging switch DS to discharge. The mode is switched and discharging from the battery pack 100 to the load LD is permitted. Further, if necessary, the charge switch CS can be turned on and the discharge switch DS can be turned on to supply power to the load LD and charge the battery pack 100 simultaneously.
さらに、この電池パックは、移動体用の動力源としてのみならず、定置型の蓄電用設備としても利用できる。例えば家庭用、工場用の電源として、太陽光や深夜電力等で充電し、必要時に放電する電源システム、あるいは日中の太陽光を充電して夜間に放電する街路灯用の電源や、停電時に駆動する信号機用のバックアップ電源等にも利用できる。このような例を図13に示す。この図に示す電池パック100は、複数の電池ブロック81をユニット状に接続して電池ユニット82を構成している。各電池ブロック81は、複数の電池が直列及び/又は並列に接続されている。各電池ブロック81は、電源コントローラ84により制御される。この電池パック100は、電池ユニット82を充電用電源CPで充電した後、負荷LDを駆動する。このため電池パック100は、充電モードと放電モードを備える。負荷LDと充電用電源CPはそれぞれ、放電スイッチDS及び充電スイッチCSを介して電池パック100と接続されている。放電スイッチDS及び充電スイッチCSのON/OFFは、電池パック100の電源コントローラ84によって切り替えられる。充電モードにおいては、電源コントローラ84は充電スイッチCSをONに、放電スイッチDSをOFFに切り替えて、充電用電源CPから電池パック100への充電を許可する。また充電が完了し満充電になると、あるいは所定値以上の容量が充電された状態で負荷LDからの要求に応じて、電源コントローラ84は充電スイッチCSをOFFに、放電スイッチDSをONにして放電モードに切り替え、電池パック100から負荷LDへの放電を許可する。また、必要に応じて、充電スイッチCSをONに、放電スイッチDSをONにして、負荷LDの電力供給と、電池パック100への充電を同時に行うこともできる。 (Battery pack for power storage device)
Furthermore, this battery pack can be used not only as a power source for a mobile body but also as a stationary power storage facility. For example, as a power source for home and factory use, a power supply system that is charged with sunlight or midnight power and discharged when necessary, or a streetlight power supply that charges sunlight during the day and discharges at night, or during a power outage It can also be used as a backup power source for driving signals. Such an example is shown in FIG. In the
電池パック100で駆動される負荷LDは、放電スイッチDSを介して電池パック100と接続されている。電池パック100の放電モードにおいては、電源コントローラ84が放電スイッチDSをONに切り替えて、負荷LDに接続し、電池パック100からの電力で負荷LDを駆動する。放電スイッチDSはFET等のスイッチング素子が利用できる。放電スイッチDSのON/OFFは、電池パック100の電源コントローラ84によって制御される。また電源コントローラ84は、外部機器と通信するための通信インターフェースを備えている。図13の例では、UARTやRS-232c等の既存の通信プロトコルに従い、ホスト機器HTと接続されている。また必要に応じて、電源システムに対してユーザが操作を行うためのユーザインターフェースを設けることもできる。
The load LD driven by the battery pack 100 is connected to the battery pack 100 via the discharge switch DS. In the discharge mode of the battery pack 100, the power supply controller 84 switches the discharge switch DS to ON, connects to the load LD, and drives the load LD with the power from the battery pack 100. As the discharge switch DS, a switching element such as an FET can be used. ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS is controlled by the power supply controller 84 of the battery pack 100. The power controller 84 also includes a communication interface for communicating with external devices. In the example of FIG. 13, the host device HT is connected in accordance with an existing communication protocol such as UART or RS-232c. Further, if necessary, a user interface for the user to operate the power supply system can be provided.
各電池ブロック81は、信号端子と電源端子を備える。信号端子は、入出力端子DIと、異常出力端子DAと、接続端子DOとを含む。入出力端子DIは、他の電池ブロック81や電源コントローラ84からの信号を入出力するための端子であり、接続端子DOは他の電池ブロック81に対して信号を入出力するための端子である。また異常出力端子DAは、電池ブロック81の異常を外部に出力するための端子である。さらに電源端子は、電池ブロック81同士を直列、並列に接続するための端子である。また電池ユニット82は並列接続スイッチ85を介して出力ラインOLに接続されて互いに並列に接続されている。
Each battery block 81 includes a signal terminal and a power supply terminal. The signal terminals include an input / output terminal DI, an abnormal output terminal DA, and a connection terminal DO. The input / output terminal DI is a terminal for inputting / outputting a signal from the other battery block 81 or the power supply controller 84, and the connection terminal DO is a terminal for inputting / outputting a signal to / from the other battery block 81. . The abnormality output terminal DA is a terminal for outputting abnormality of the battery block 81 to the outside. Furthermore, the power supply terminal is a terminal for connecting the battery blocks 81 in series and in parallel. The battery units 82 are connected to the output line OL via the parallel connection switch 85 and are connected in parallel to each other.
本発明に係る電池パックは、EV走行モードとHEV走行モードとを切り替え可能なプラグイン式ハイブリッド電気自動車やハイブリッド式電気自動車、電気自動車等の電池パックとして好適に利用できる。また、コンピュータサーバのラックに搭載可能なバックアップ電池パック、携帯電話等の無線基地局用のバックアップ電池パック、家庭内用、工場用の蓄電用電源、街路灯の電源等、太陽電池と組み合わせた蓄電装置、信号機等のバックアップ電源用等の用途にも適宜利用できる。
The battery pack according to the present invention can be suitably used as a battery pack for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle or the like that can switch between the EV traveling mode and the HEV traveling mode. In addition, backup battery packs that can be mounted on computer server racks, backup battery packs for wireless base stations such as mobile phones, power storage power sources for home use and factories, power sources for street lights, etc. It can also be used as appropriate for applications such as backup power supplies for devices and traffic lights.
100…電池パック
1…電池セル
2…電極端子 2A…正極端子
2B…負極端子
3…バスバー 3A…バスバー
3B…バスバー
4…エンドプレート
5…連結具
6…スペーサ
7…固定リング 7A…溶接リング
7B…ナット
7Ba…ナット
7Bb…ナット
8…表面プレート
9…電池積層体
10…電極体
11…外装缶
12…封口板
13…絶縁材
20…回路基板
21…電圧検出回路
22…リード線
23…電圧検出端子
29…開口窓
30…クラッド材
31…第1金属板
32…第2金属板
33…クラッド境界
34…メッキ層
35…嵌着溝 35a…V溝
35b…U溝
36…嵌入突出部 36a…凸条
36b…凸条
37…外側壁
38…貫通孔 38A…隙間貫通孔
38B…密着貫通孔
39…遊び隙間
51…電池セル
52…電極端子 52A…正極端子
52B…負極端子
54…雄ネジ
81…電池ブロック
82…電池ユニット
84…電源コントローラ
85…並列接続スイッチ
90…車両本体
93…モータ
94…発電機
95…DC/ACインバータ
96…エンジン
97…車輪
EV…車両
HV…車両
LD…負荷
CP…充電用電源
DS…放電スイッチ
CS…充電スイッチ
OL…出力ライン
HT…ホスト機器
DI…入出力端子
DA…異常出力端子
DO…接続端子 DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 100 ... Battery pack 1 ... Battery cell 2 ... Electrode terminal 2A ... Positive electrode terminal 2B ... Negative electrode terminal 3 ... Bus bar 3A ... Bus bar 3B ... Bus bar 4 ... End plate 5 ... Connection tool 6 ... Spacer 7 ... Fixing ring 7A ... Welding ring 7B ... Nut 7Ba ... Nut 7Bb ... Nut 8 ... Surface plate 9 ... Battery stack 10 ... Electrode body 11 ... Exterior can 12 ... Sealing plate 13 ... Insulating material 20 ... Circuit board 21 ... Voltage detection circuit 22 ... Lead wire 23 ... Voltage detection terminal DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 29 ... Opening window 30 ... Cladding material 31 ... 1st metal plate 32 ... 2nd metal plate 33 ... Cladding boundary 34 ... Plating layer 35 ... Insertion groove 35a ... V groove 35b ... U groove 36 ... Insertion protrusion part 36a ... Projection 36b ... ridge 37 ... Outer wall 38 ... Through hole 38A ... Gap through hole 38B ... Close contact through hole 39 ... Play gap 51 ... Battery cell 52 ... Electrode terminal 52A ... Positive electrode terminal 52B ... Negative electrode terminal 54 ... Male screw 81 ... Battery block 82 ... Battery unit 84 ... Power controller 85 ... Parallel connection switch 90 ... Vehicle main body 93 ... Motor 94 ... Generator 95 ... DC / AC inverter 96 ... Engine 97 ... Wheel EV ... Vehicle HV ... Vehicle LD ... Load CP ... Charge power supply DS ... Discharge switch CS ... Charge switch OL ... Output line HT ... Host device DI ... Input / output terminal DA ... Abnormal output terminal DO ... Connection terminal
1…電池セル
2…電極端子 2A…正極端子
2B…負極端子
3…バスバー 3A…バスバー
3B…バスバー
4…エンドプレート
5…連結具
6…スペーサ
7…固定リング 7A…溶接リング
7B…ナット
7Ba…ナット
7Bb…ナット
8…表面プレート
9…電池積層体
10…電極体
11…外装缶
12…封口板
13…絶縁材
20…回路基板
21…電圧検出回路
22…リード線
23…電圧検出端子
29…開口窓
30…クラッド材
31…第1金属板
32…第2金属板
33…クラッド境界
34…メッキ層
35…嵌着溝 35a…V溝
35b…U溝
36…嵌入突出部 36a…凸条
36b…凸条
37…外側壁
38…貫通孔 38A…隙間貫通孔
38B…密着貫通孔
39…遊び隙間
51…電池セル
52…電極端子 52A…正極端子
52B…負極端子
54…雄ネジ
81…電池ブロック
82…電池ユニット
84…電源コントローラ
85…並列接続スイッチ
90…車両本体
93…モータ
94…発電機
95…DC/ACインバータ
96…エンジン
97…車輪
EV…車両
HV…車両
LD…負荷
CP…充電用電源
DS…放電スイッチ
CS…充電スイッチ
OL…出力ライン
HT…ホスト機器
DI…入出力端子
DA…異常出力端子
DO…接続端子 DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (10)
- 電極端子を異なる金属とする複数の電池セルを金属板のバスバーで接続してなる電池パックであって、
前記バスバーが、アルミニウム板からなる第1金属板と、第1金属板とは異種の金属からなる第2金属板とを接合してなる金属のクラッド材で、
さらに、前記バスバーは、第1金属板と第2金属板を隣接する電池セルの電極端子に接続して電池セルを直列に接続しており、
さらにまた、前記バスバーは、第1金属板と第2金属板とを接合してなるクラッド境界において、第1金属板は嵌着溝を有し、第2金属板は前記嵌着溝に嵌入される嵌入突出部を有し、前記嵌入突出部が前記嵌着溝に挿入されて、第1金属板と第2金属板とが圧接され、
前記バスバーは、前記クラッド境界において、第1金属板の嵌着溝の外側壁をバスバー両面に露出させ、第2の金属板の表面にはメッキ層を設けてなることを特徴とする電池パック。 A battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells having different electrode terminals with metal plate bus bars,
The bus bar is a metal clad material formed by joining a first metal plate made of an aluminum plate and a second metal plate made of a different metal from the first metal plate,
Furthermore, the bus bar connects the battery cells in series by connecting the first metal plate and the second metal plate to the electrode terminals of the adjacent battery cells,
Furthermore, the bus bar has a fitting groove at a clad boundary formed by joining the first metal plate and the second metal plate, and the second metal plate is fitted into the fitting groove. The insertion protrusion is inserted into the insertion groove, and the first metal plate and the second metal plate are in pressure contact with each other,
In the battery pack, the outer wall of the fitting groove of the first metal plate is exposed on both surfaces of the bus bar at the cladding boundary, and a plating layer is provided on the surface of the second metal plate. - 前記バスバーの第1金属板に設けた嵌着溝がV溝で、この嵌着溝に挿入される第2金属板の嵌入突出部がV溝に嵌着される凸条である請求項1に記載される電池パック。 2. The fitting groove provided in the first metal plate of the bus bar is a V-groove, and the fitting protrusion of the second metal plate inserted into the fitting groove is a ridge fitted into the V-groove. Battery pack to be described.
- 前記バスバーの第1金属板に設けた嵌着溝が横断面形状をU字状とするU溝で、この嵌着溝に挿入される第2金属板の嵌入突出部がU溝に嵌着される凸条である請求項1に記載される電池パック。 The fitting groove provided on the first metal plate of the bus bar is a U groove having a U-shaped cross section, and the fitting protrusion of the second metal plate inserted into the fitting groove is fitted into the U groove. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack is a protruding line.
- 前記第1金属板が互いに平行な複数列の嵌着溝を有し、第2金属板が各嵌着溝に嵌入される嵌入突出部を有する請求項2又は3に記載される電池パック。 The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first metal plate has a plurality of rows of fitting grooves parallel to each other, and the second metal plate has a fitting protrusion that is fitted into each fitting groove.
- 前記第2金属板が銅又は銅合金製で、前記電池セルがリチウムイオン電池で、前記第1金属板がリチウムイオン電池の正極端子に、第2金属板がリチウムイオン電池の負極端子に接続されてなる請求項1から4のいずれかに記載される電池パック。 The second metal plate is made of copper or a copper alloy, the battery cell is a lithium ion battery, the first metal plate is connected to a positive electrode terminal of the lithium ion battery, and the second metal plate is connected to a negative electrode terminal of the lithium ion battery. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
- 前記電池セルの電圧を検出する電圧検出回路を備え、前記バスバーの第2金属板が銅板で、銅板の表面に電圧検出端子を接続しており、この電圧検出端子にリード線が接続されて、リード線を介して電池セルの電極端子を電圧検出回路に接続してなる請求項1から5のいずれかに記載される電池パック。 A voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the battery cell is provided, the second metal plate of the bus bar is a copper plate, a voltage detection terminal is connected to the surface of the copper plate, and a lead wire is connected to the voltage detection terminal, The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an electrode terminal of a battery cell is connected to a voltage detection circuit via a lead wire.
- 前記バスバーが溶接して電池セルの電極端子に接続されてなる請求項1から6のいずれかに記載される電池パック。 The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bus bar is welded and connected to an electrode terminal of a battery cell.
- 前記バスバーがネジ止めされて前記電池セルの電極端子に接続されてなる請求項1から6のいずれかに記載される電池パック。 The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bus bar is screwed and connected to an electrode terminal of the battery cell.
- 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の電池パックを備えてなる電動車両であって、
前記電池パックと、該電池パックから電力供給される走行用のモータと、前記電池パック及び前記モータを搭載してなる車両本体と、前記モータで駆動されて前記車両本体を走行させる車輪とを備えることを特徴とする電池パックを備える電動車両。 An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The battery pack, a traveling motor powered by the battery pack, a vehicle body on which the battery pack and the motor are mounted, and a wheel that is driven by the motor and causes the vehicle body to travel. An electric vehicle comprising a battery pack characterized by the above. - 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の電池パックを備えてなる蓄電装置であって、
前記電池パックへの充放電を制御する電源コントローラを備えており、
前記電源コントローラでもって、外部からの電力により前記電池パックへの充電を可能とすると共に、前記電池パックに対し充電を行うよう制御することを特徴とする蓄電装置。 A power storage device comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A power controller for controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack;
A power storage device, wherein the power supply controller controls the battery pack to charge the battery pack with external power and charges the battery pack.
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JP2012176710A JP2015187909A (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2012-08-09 | Battery pack and electric vehicle including the same and power storage device |
JP2012-176710 | 2012-08-09 |
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WO2015145715A1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | オートモーティブエナジーサプライ株式会社 | Cell terminal and cell |
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