WO2014019341A1 - Transparent liquid crystal display having dye liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
Transparent liquid crystal display having dye liquid crystal composition Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014019341A1 WO2014019341A1 PCT/CN2013/000905 CN2013000905W WO2014019341A1 WO 2014019341 A1 WO2014019341 A1 WO 2014019341A1 CN 2013000905 W CN2013000905 W CN 2013000905W WO 2014019341 A1 WO2014019341 A1 WO 2014019341A1
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- liquid crystal
- electrode substrate
- crystal display
- transparent liquid
- display according
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transparent liquid crystal display which is low in cost, simple in structure, and capable of achieving high contrast.
- LCD devices including backlighting have been widely used as displays for desktop personal computers, portable personal computers, and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants).
- PDAs Personal Digital Assistants
- the latter two portable devices require thin, lightweight, and low power LCD devices. Therefore, in the case where an LCD device requiring backlighting is used in a portable device, the power load of the portable device is increased to replace the LCD device requiring backlighting, and for this reason, a reflective LCD using a guest main layer and requiring no backlight illumination has been developed.
- the device comes as an LCD device for personal devices.
- “Bin” means a color separation dye added to the liquid crystal
- “main” means liquid crystal.
- a dichroic dye means high absorption along its longitudinal direction or along its long axis.
- the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by an electric field generated by applying a voltage, and at the same time, the dichroic dye is oriented in the same direction as the liquid crystal molecules.
- the liquid crystal has a dielectric constant positive anisotropy, when there is no electric field, the guest main layer sandwiched between the two glass substrates is aligned to form a uniform structure.
- the dichroic dye When a uniform structure is irradiated with visible light, the dichroic dye absorbs a linear polarization component in a plane parallel to its longitudinal direction and transmits a linear polarization component in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal direction.
- the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are aligned in the direction of the surface of the vertical glass substrate, and all of the incident light passes through the guest main layer to provide a bright state. High reflection and high contrast in the bright state are key factors in improving the display of the reflective guest LCD.
- Four types of reflected guest-host LCD devices using dielectric constant positive anisotropic liquid crystals are described below. In the first type of reflective guest main LCD device, a single guest main layer of uniform structure is used.
- the linear polarization component of the incident light in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer and is reflected by the bottom side of the guest main layer.
- the device is reflected onto the guest main layer.
- the reflected linear polarization component passes through the guest main layer and is observed by the user. In this way, in the dark state, although one linear polarization component of the incident light is limited, but other linear polarization components are not limited, high contrast cannot be obtained.
- a second type of reflective guest-host LCD device called the White-Taylor mode
- the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are twisted more than 200 degrees between the two glass substrates to absorb all the linearity.
- the polarization component is used to improve the degree of comparison.
- such LCD devices do not achieve high reflectance in a bright state or a turn-on voltage.
- the first and second types of LCD devices cannot achieve high contrast and high reflectivity at the same time.
- a third type of reflective guest-host liquid crystal display called a two-layer guest-host LCD device
- the spacing between the two glass substrates is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a transparent isolator between the two glass substrates.
- the guest main layer of the uniform structure in the upper chamber is aligned in a direction parallel to, for example, a plane parallel to the sheet, so that the guest main layer of the hook structure in the lower chamber is along with the above one Direction perpendicular to the direction (for example, one through the plane of the page) Direction) alignment.
- the linear polarization component of the incident light in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer in the upper chamber, and the linearity of such passage is restricted by the guest main layer of the lower chamber.
- the polarization component because the plane of the linear polarization component passing through matches the plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the dichroic dye of the guest main layer in the lower chamber.
- a reflector, a quarter-wave plate, and an ITO electrode are sequentially formed on one inner surface of the lower glass substrate, and ITO is formed on the inner surface of the upper glass substrate.
- the guest main layer is sandwiched between two glass substrates, and the linearly polarized component of the incident light in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer.
- the plane of the linear polarization component passing through is rotated by 90 degrees and the linear polarization component rotated by 90 degrees by the guest main layer, so that the light is completely blocked in the dark state and realized.
- High contrast and high reflectivity are
- this fourth category presents new problems: Designing a ⁇ /4 plate that transmits visible light from 450 nm to 700 nm is difficult and expensive, and requires a complicated installation process.
- SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transparent liquid crystal display which is low in cost, simple in structure, and capable of realizing high contrast.
- An aspect of the invention relates to a transparent liquid crystal display comprising: an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate, and a vertical alignment layer on an inner surface of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the electrode substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal composition comprising a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy, a dichroic dye, and a chiral agent,
- the ratio GP of the gap G between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate and the chiral pitch P (Pitch) of the liquid crystal composition is 0.5 ⁇ GP ⁇ 5 o.
- the transparent liquid crystal display of the present invention is characterized by The upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are both transparent electrode substrates.
- the ratio GP is n/2, where ln 10, and n is an integer.
- the ratio G/P is preferably 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2.
- the gap G is 0 ⁇ G 30 ⁇ m.
- the gap G is preferably 2 to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the pretilt angle on the vertical alignment layer of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate is 80 ⁇ to 88.9 ⁇ .
- the pretilt angles on the vertical alignment layers of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are 85° to 88.9°.
- the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is -0.1 to -15, and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is 0.01 to 0.3.
- the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably -1.0 to -10, and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably 0.01 to 0.1.
- the dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of from 2 to 20.
- the dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of preferably 5-15.
- the material of the transparent electrode substrate may be a transparent material such as glass or plastic.
- the transparent liquid crystal display may further comprise an additional optical film or optical layer that can be used for anti-reflection, brightening, color filtering, UV resistance, and combinations thereof.
- the dye liquid crystal is disposed between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate of the present invention; the polarizing plate attached to the surface of the transparent substrate of the conventional ordinary liquid crystal display is removed, the structure is simpler, and the light transmittance is greatly improved;
- the liquid crystal and the dichroic dye are arranged substantially vertically between the upper and lower substrates, and at this time, the liquid crystal layer does not occur or light absorption is rarely occurred, and the LCD is in a transparent state (bright state) ). It should be noted that in the white state, even the liquid crystal and the dichroic dye at the friction layer near the electrode substrate are substantially in a vertical state due to the rubbing angle, so that light absorption hardly occurs, making it bright. The light transmittance of the state is greatly improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display of the present invention.
- the pretilt angles on the vertical alignment layers of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are 87° to 88°. Tested with DMS505, the test results are shown in Table 1-3 (0 ⁇ 360° is the horizontal angle, 0 ⁇ 70° is the vertical angle, and the data in the table is the transmittance).
- the white state transmittance of the invention is >50%, the viewing angle is wide and uniform, and the display with high transmittance of the viewing angle can be realized without the polarizer, and can be widely applied to display devices requiring high transmittance.
Abstract
A high contrast transparent liquid crystal display having a dye liquid crystal composition and high transmittance comprises an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate, a vertical alignment layer being provided at inner surfaces of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, respectively. A liquid crystal layer is provided between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, the liquid crystal layer comprising a liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal composition comprising liquid crystals having negative dielectric anisotropy, a dichroic dye, and a chiral agent, and the ratio G/P of the gap G between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate to the chiral pitch P of the liquid crystal composition is 0.5≤G/P≤5.
Description
具有染料液晶组合物的透明液晶显示器 技术领域 本发明涉及低成本、 结构简单、 能实现高对比度的透明液晶显示器。 背景技术 包括背面照明的 LCD器件已经广泛地用作台式个人电脑、便携式个人电脑和 PDA (个 人数字助理)的显示器。后两种便携式装置需要薄的、重量轻和低功耗的 LCD器件。因此， 在需要背面照明的 LCD器件用在便携式设备中的情况下， 增加了便携式设备的功率负载 代替需要背面照明的 LCD器件， 为此， 已经开发了使用宾主层并且不需要背面照明的反 射 LCD器件来作为个人设备的 LCD器件。 "宾"意味着加入液晶中的分色染料， "主"意味 着液晶。 分色染料表示沿其纵向方向或沿长轴高吸收。在宾主方案中， 由施加电压产生的 电场来控制液晶分子的取向方向， 并同时使分色染料沿与液晶分子相同的方向取向。在液 晶具有介电常数正各向异性的情况下， 当没有电场时， 使夹在两个玻璃基片之间的宾主层 对准而形成均匀结构。 当用可见光照射均匀结构时， 分色染料吸收在与其纵向方向平行的 平面中的线性极化分量并透过在与其纵向方向垂直的平面中的线性极化分量。当施加电场 时，使液晶分子和分色染料沿垂直玻璃基片的表面的方向对准， 并且所有入射光都通过宾 主层而提供亮状态。 在亮状态下的高反射和高对比度是改进反射宾主 LCD显示的关键因素。 下面描述四 类己有技术的使用介电常数正各向异性液晶的反射宾主 LCD器件。 在第一类反射宾主 LCD器件中， 使用均匀结构的单个宾主层。 当断开作用到宾主层上的电压而提供暗状态 时，在与分色染料的纵向方向垂直的平面中的入射光的线性极化分量透过宾主层并由设置 在宾主层底侧的反射器反射到宾主层上。该反射线性极化分量透过宾主层并被使用者观察 到。 以此方式， 在暗状态， 尽管限制了入射光的一个线性极化分量， 但是并没有限制其它 线性极化分量， 所以不能获得高对比度。 在称为 White-Taylor (白色泰勒)模式的第二类反射宾主 LCD器件中， 在电压断开时， 在两个玻璃基片之间液晶分子和分色染料扭转超过 200度，以便吸收所有线性极化分量来 改进讨比度。 然而， 这类 LCD器件并没有在亮状态或接通电压时实现高反射率。 这样， 第一类和第二类 LCD器件不能同时实现高对比度和高反射率。 在称为双层宾主 LCD器件的第三类反射宾主液晶显示器中， 由位于两个玻璃基片之 间的透明隔离器将两个玻璃基片之间的间隔分开成一个上室和一个下室， 并且，在电压或 电场断开时， 使上室中的均匀结构的宾主层沿例如与该页纸的平面平行的一个方向对准， 使下室中均勾结构的宾主层沿与上述一个方向垂直的方向 (例知， 通过该页纸平面的一个
方向)对准。 在当没有电场时的暗状态下， 在与分色染料纵向方向垂直的平面中的入射光 的线性极化分量通过上室中的宾主层， 并且， 由下室的宾主层限制这样通过的线性极化分 量，因为通过的线性极化分量的平面与平行于下室中的宾主层的分色染料的纵向轴的平面 匹配。 尽管在暗状态第三类 LCD器件能完全队档光线， 但是它带来了新问题： 产生视差， 结构复杂， 与单个宾主层相比生产成本高。 在第四类反射宾主 LCD器件中， 在下玻璃基片的一个内表面上依次形成反射器、 四 分之一波长板 板)和 ITO电极，并且在上玻璃基片的内表面上形成 ITO。宾主层夹在两 个玻璃基片之间，在与分色染料的纵向方向垂直的平面中的入射光线性极化分量通过宾主 层。 在由 板和反射器的组合进行反射期间， 通过的线性极化分量的平面旋转 90度并 且由宾主层队档这样 90度旋转的线性极化分量， 所以在暗状态完全挡住了光线和实现了 高对比度和高反射率。 然而， 该第四类出现了新问题： 设计透过 450 nm-700 nm的可见光 的 λ/4板很难并且费用很贵， 而且需要复杂的安装过程。 发明内容 为解决上述问题， 本发明提供一种低成本、 结构简单、 能实现高对比度的透明液晶显 示器。 本发明的一个方面涉及一种透明液晶显示器， 包括： 上电极基板和下电极基板， 并且 在所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板内表面有垂直取向层 （Vertical Alignment Layer); 以 及在所述上电极基板和所述下基板之间的液晶层， 其中所述液晶层包括液晶组合物， 所述 液晶组合物包括具有负介电各向异性的液晶、二色性染料和手性剂， 其中所述上电极基板 和所述下电极基板之间的间隙 G和所述液晶组合物的手性螺距 P(Pitch)的比值 G P为 0.5 ^G P^5 o 本发明透明液晶显示器的特征在于所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板均为透明电极 基板。 优选地， 所述比值 G P为 n/2 ， 其中 l n 10， 且 n为整数。 优选地， 所述比值 G/P优选 0.5、 1、 〗.5或 2。 所述间隙 G为 0<G 30 μ m。 优选地， 所述间隙 G优选为 2~20 μ ιη， 特别优选为 3~10 μ ιη。 所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板的垂直取向层上的预倾角 (Pietilt Angle)为 80ο~88.9ο。
优选地， 所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板的垂直取向层上的预倾角为 85°〜88.9°。 所述具有负介电各向异性的液晶的介电各向异性为 -0.1~ -15, 所述具有负介电各向异 性的液晶的光学各向异性为 0.01~0.3。 优选地， 所述具有负介电各向异性的液晶的介电各向异性优选为 -1.0〜- 10， 所述具有 负介电各向异性的液晶的光学各向异性优选为 0.01~0.1。 所述二色性染料包含一种或多种二色比为 2~20的二色性染料。 优选地， 所述二色性染料包含一种或多种二色比优选为 5~15的二色性染料。 所述透明电极基板的材质可以为玻璃、 塑料等透明材质。 所述的透明液晶显示器可以还包括附加的光学膜或光学层，所述光学膜或光学层可用 于减反射、 增亮、 滤色、 抗 UV及其组合。 与已有技术相比， 本发明的优点体现在： BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transparent liquid crystal display which is low in cost, simple in structure, and capable of achieving high contrast. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION LCD devices including backlighting have been widely used as displays for desktop personal computers, portable personal computers, and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants). The latter two portable devices require thin, lightweight, and low power LCD devices. Therefore, in the case where an LCD device requiring backlighting is used in a portable device, the power load of the portable device is increased to replace the LCD device requiring backlighting, and for this reason, a reflective LCD using a guest main layer and requiring no backlight illumination has been developed. The device comes as an LCD device for personal devices. "Bin" means a color separation dye added to the liquid crystal, and "main" means liquid crystal. A dichroic dye means high absorption along its longitudinal direction or along its long axis. In the guest-host scheme, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by an electric field generated by applying a voltage, and at the same time, the dichroic dye is oriented in the same direction as the liquid crystal molecules. In the case where the liquid crystal has a dielectric constant positive anisotropy, when there is no electric field, the guest main layer sandwiched between the two glass substrates is aligned to form a uniform structure. When a uniform structure is irradiated with visible light, the dichroic dye absorbs a linear polarization component in a plane parallel to its longitudinal direction and transmits a linear polarization component in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal direction. When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are aligned in the direction of the surface of the vertical glass substrate, and all of the incident light passes through the guest main layer to provide a bright state. High reflection and high contrast in the bright state are key factors in improving the display of the reflective guest LCD. Four types of reflected guest-host LCD devices using dielectric constant positive anisotropic liquid crystals are described below. In the first type of reflective guest main LCD device, a single guest main layer of uniform structure is used. When the voltage applied to the guest main layer is broken to provide a dark state, the linear polarization component of the incident light in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer and is reflected by the bottom side of the guest main layer. The device is reflected onto the guest main layer. The reflected linear polarization component passes through the guest main layer and is observed by the user. In this way, in the dark state, although one linear polarization component of the incident light is limited, but other linear polarization components are not limited, high contrast cannot be obtained. In a second type of reflective guest-host LCD device called the White-Taylor mode, when the voltage is turned off, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are twisted more than 200 degrees between the two glass substrates to absorb all the linearity. The polarization component is used to improve the degree of comparison. However, such LCD devices do not achieve high reflectance in a bright state or a turn-on voltage. Thus, the first and second types of LCD devices cannot achieve high contrast and high reflectivity at the same time. In a third type of reflective guest-host liquid crystal display called a two-layer guest-host LCD device, the spacing between the two glass substrates is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a transparent isolator between the two glass substrates. And, when the voltage or the electric field is disconnected, the guest main layer of the uniform structure in the upper chamber is aligned in a direction parallel to, for example, a plane parallel to the sheet, so that the guest main layer of the hook structure in the lower chamber is along with the above one Direction perpendicular to the direction (for example, one through the plane of the page) Direction) alignment. In the dark state when there is no electric field, the linear polarization component of the incident light in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer in the upper chamber, and the linearity of such passage is restricted by the guest main layer of the lower chamber The polarization component, because the plane of the linear polarization component passing through matches the plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the dichroic dye of the guest main layer in the lower chamber. Although the third type of LCD device in the dark state can completely steer light, it brings new problems: parallax is generated, the structure is complicated, and the production cost is high compared with a single guest main layer. In the fourth type of reflective guest main LCD device, a reflector, a quarter-wave plate, and an ITO electrode are sequentially formed on one inner surface of the lower glass substrate, and ITO is formed on the inner surface of the upper glass substrate. The guest main layer is sandwiched between two glass substrates, and the linearly polarized component of the incident light in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dichroic dye passes through the guest main layer. During the reflection by the combination of the plate and the reflector, the plane of the linear polarization component passing through is rotated by 90 degrees and the linear polarization component rotated by 90 degrees by the guest main layer, so that the light is completely blocked in the dark state and realized. High contrast and high reflectivity. However, this fourth category presents new problems: Designing a λ/4 plate that transmits visible light from 450 nm to 700 nm is difficult and expensive, and requires a complicated installation process. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transparent liquid crystal display which is low in cost, simple in structure, and capable of realizing high contrast. An aspect of the invention relates to a transparent liquid crystal display comprising: an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate, and a vertical alignment layer on an inner surface of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the electrode substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal composition comprising a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy, a dichroic dye, and a chiral agent, The ratio GP of the gap G between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate and the chiral pitch P (Pitch) of the liquid crystal composition is 0.5 ^ GP ^ 5 o. The transparent liquid crystal display of the present invention is characterized by The upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are both transparent electrode substrates. Preferably, the ratio GP is n/2, where ln 10, and n is an integer. Preferably, the ratio G/P is preferably 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2. The gap G is 0 < G 30 μm. Preferably, the gap G is preferably 2 to 20 μm, particularly preferably 3 to 10 μm. The pretilt angle on the vertical alignment layer of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate is 80 ο to 88.9 ο . Preferably, the pretilt angles on the vertical alignment layers of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are 85° to 88.9°. The dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is -0.1 to -15, and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is 0.01 to 0.3. Preferably, the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably -1.0 to -10, and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably 0.01 to 0.1. The dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of from 2 to 20. Preferably, the dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of preferably 5-15. The material of the transparent electrode substrate may be a transparent material such as glass or plastic. The transparent liquid crystal display may further comprise an additional optical film or optical layer that can be used for anti-reflection, brightening, color filtering, UV resistance, and combinations thereof. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1. 本发明上电极基板、 下电极基板之间设置有染料液晶； 去掉了传统普通液晶显示 器透明基板表面贴附的偏振片， 其结构更简单， 同时透光率大大提高； 1. The dye liquid crystal is disposed between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate of the present invention; the polarizing plate attached to the surface of the transparent substrate of the conventional ordinary liquid crystal display is removed, the structure is simpler, and the light transmittance is greatly improved;
2. 本发明在上下电极基板间无电场的情况下， 液晶及二色性染料在上下基板间基本 垂直排列， 此时液晶层不发生或极少发生光的吸收， LCD处于透明状态 （亮态）。 需要注 意的是， 在白态时， 即使是靠近电极基板的摩擦层处的液晶及二色性染料， 由于摩擦角度 的原因， 也是基本上处于垂直状态， 从而几乎不发生光的吸收， 使得亮态的透光率大大提 升。当上下电极基板间存在电场时，液晶层受电场作用倒伏，并且在电极基板间扭曲排列， 均匀吸收所有方向上的光极化分量， LCD处于光吸收状态 （暗态）。 需要注意的是， 由于 G / P的特殊设定， 液晶层对光的吸收均匀且充分， 使得暗态的透光率大大降低。 综上， 本发明可以从亮暗态两方面改善光的透过效果， 从而提升对比度和显示效果。 附图说明 图 1为本发明的液晶显示器的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 本发明包括上电极基板、下电极基板， 在所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板之间设置 有染料液晶层， 并且该液晶层包括含有负介电各向异性的液晶、二色性染料和手性剂的液
晶组合物（液晶： 二色性染料： 手性剂 S811=100: 3.6： 2.1 ), 所述液晶组合物的手性螺 距（P) 为 4μπι, 所述的上电极基板和所述下电极基板均为透明电极基板， 所述液晶显示 器的盒厚为 4μπι。所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板的垂直取向层上的预倾角为 87°~88°。 采用 DMS505进行测试， 其测试结果见表 1-3 (0~360° 为水平角度， 0~70° 为垂直 角度， 表中数据为透过率）。 2. In the present invention, when there is no electric field between the upper and lower electrode substrates, the liquid crystal and the dichroic dye are arranged substantially vertically between the upper and lower substrates, and at this time, the liquid crystal layer does not occur or light absorption is rarely occurred, and the LCD is in a transparent state (bright state) ). It should be noted that in the white state, even the liquid crystal and the dichroic dye at the friction layer near the electrode substrate are substantially in a vertical state due to the rubbing angle, so that light absorption hardly occurs, making it bright. The light transmittance of the state is greatly improved. When an electric field exists between the upper and lower electrode substrates, the liquid crystal layer is fluctuated by the electric field, and is twisted and arranged between the electrode substrates to uniformly absorb the polarization component of light in all directions, and the LCD is in a light absorption state (dark state). It should be noted that due to the special setting of G / P, the absorption of light by the liquid crystal layer is uniform and sufficient, so that the transmittance of the dark state is greatly reduced. In summary, the present invention can improve the light transmission effect from both the bright and dark states, thereby improving the contrast and the display effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes an upper electrode substrate, a lower electrode substrate, a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, and the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal containing negative dielectric anisotropy, Color dye and chiral liquid a crystal composition (liquid crystal: dichroic dye: chiral agent S811=100 : 3.6: 2.1), the chiral pitch (P) of the liquid crystal composition is 4 μm, the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate Both are transparent electrode substrates, and the liquid crystal display has a cell thickness of 4 μm. The pretilt angles on the vertical alignment layers of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are 87° to 88°. Tested with DMS505, the test results are shown in Table 1-3 (0~360° is the horizontal angle, 0~70° is the vertical angle, and the data in the table is the transmittance).
0V时 DMS505测试视角图数据 0V DMS505 test perspective data
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 3600 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
0 21.852 21.852 21.8S 21.8S2 21.852 21.8S2 21.8S 21.852 21.852 21.8S2 21.8S 21.852 21.8520 21.852 21.852 21.8S 21.8S2 21.852 21.8S2 21.8S 21.852 21.852 21.8S2 21.8S 21.852 21.852
10 215¾ 21.W 2 am 21. 1 21.ffi? 21.441 21.066 21.017 21.093 21.189 21315 215¾10 2153⁄4 21.W 2 am 21. 1 21.ffi? 21.441 21.066 21.017 21.093 21.189 21315 2153⁄4
20 2058 21.183 21.409 21.712 21252 201182 20255 19571 21006 2αΐ63 305820 2058 21.183 21.409 21.712 21252 201182 20255 19571 21006 2αΐ63 3058
30 i ^i 19.609 2Q282 2Q727 19.96 19.4© 19.057 1&7 7 \ 7 1&406 1藝 18397 1&45130 i ^i 19.609 2Q282 2Q727 19.96 19.4© 19.057 1&7 7 \ 7 1&406 1Art 18397 1&451
40 53254 1Q2C 1&416 ia6S3 17538 13S 6 a0582 11.818 15.807 \5.m 15511 931Q5 5340 53254 1Q2C 1&416 ia6S3 17538 13S 6 a0582 11.818 15.807 \5.m 15511 931Q5 53
50 32331 3.796 14.661 14.813 135G 42538 3.483 3.8748 11.668 11.902 1121 3.443 33231 ω 21921 26618 7.9677 mM 67995 3.1108 23M5 2-517 4.^12 69275 35B 2207 2192150 32331 3.796 14.661 14.813 135G 42538 3.483 3.8748 11.668 11.902 1121 3.443 33231 ω 21921 26618 7.9677 mM 67995 3.1108 23M5 2-517 4.^12 69275 35B 2207 21921
10 1.8 4 1.8853 0.4675 Q9755 Q182 22033 1.8808 1.9998 13513 Q88S5 1.688 1·5 1.8334
DMS505测试视角和对比度图数据 10 1.8 4 1.8853 0.4675 Q9755 Q182 22033 1.8808 1.9998 13513 Q88S5 1.688 1·5 1.8334 DMS505 test angle of view and contrast map data
Claims
1.一种透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于包括- 上电极基板和下电极基板， 其中， 在所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板内表面具有垂 直取向层； 以及 A transparent liquid crystal display comprising: an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate, wherein a surface of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate have a vertical alignment layer;
在所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板之间的液晶层， 其中所述液晶层包括液晶组合 物， 所述液晶组合物包括具有负介电各向异性的液晶、 二色性染料和手性剂， a liquid crystal layer between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition including a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy, a dichroic dye, and a hand Sex agent,
其中所述上电极基板和所述下电极基板之间的间隙 G和所述液晶组合物的手性螺距 P 的比值 G/P为 0.5 G/P 5。 The ratio G/P of the gap G between the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate and the chiral pitch P of the liquid crystal composition is 0.5 G/P 5 .
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述上电极基板和所述下电 极基板均为透明电极基板。 The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are both transparent electrode substrates.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述比值 G/P为 n/2， 其中 1 ^η^ ΙΟ, 且 n为整数。 3. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the ratio G/P is n/2, wherein 1^η^ ΙΟ, and n is an integer.
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述比值 G/P为 0.5、 1、 1.5 或 2。 4. A transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratio G/P is 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2.
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述间隙 G为 0<G 30 m。 The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the gap G is 0 < G 30 m.
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述间隙 0为2~2(^ 1^ 6. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 5, wherein the gap 0 is 2 to 2 (^ 1^)
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述间隙 0为3~1(^！^ 7. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 6, wherein the gap 0 is 3 to 1 (^!^
8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述上电极基板和所述下电 极基板的垂直取向层上的预倾角为 80°~88.9°。 8. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein a pretilt angle on the vertical alignment layer of the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate is 80 to 88.9.
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述预倾角为 85°~88.9°。 9. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 8, wherein the pretilt angle is 85 to 88.9.
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述具有负介电各向异性的 液晶的介电各向异性为 -0.1~ -15， 并且所述具有负介电各向异性的液晶的光学各向异性为 0.01-0.3 10. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy has a dielectric anisotropy of -0.1 to -15, and the negative dielectric anisotropy The optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal is 0.01-0.3
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述介电各向异性为 -1.0~ -10， 并且所述光学各向异性为 0.01~0.1。 The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 10, wherein the dielectric anisotropy is -1.0 to -10, and the optical anisotropy is 0.01 to 0.1.
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述二色性染料包含一种或 多种二色比为 2~20的二色性染料。
12. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of 2 to 20.
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述二色性染料包含一种 或多种二色比为 5~15的二色性染料。 The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 12, wherein the dichroic dye comprises one or more dichroic dyes having a dichroic ratio of 5 to 15.
14. 根据权利要求 2所述的透明电极基板， 其特征在于所述透明电极基板是玻璃或塑 料。 The transparent electrode substrate according to claim 2, wherein the transparent electrode substrate is glass or plastic.
15. 根据权利要求 1所述的透明液晶显示器， 其特征在于所述透明液晶显示器还包括 附加的光学膜或附加的光学层， 所述光学膜或附加的光学层用于减反射、 增亮、 滤色、 抗 UV及其组合。
15. The transparent liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the transparent liquid crystal display further comprises an additional optical film or an additional optical layer, wherein the optical film or the additional optical layer is used for anti-reflection, brightening, Color filter, UV resistance and combinations thereof.
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| CN104635365B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2018-05-04 | 江苏和成显示科技有限公司 | A kind of dye liquid crystal display |
| CN103728759A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Color liquid crystal display panel |
| CN103728758A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Color liquid crystal display panel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108700702B9 (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2021-02-02 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Transmittance variable film |
| CN109143710A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏和成显示科技有限公司 | It is a kind of can repeated writing electronic palette paper |
| CN114236933A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 上海智精实光机电科技有限公司 | Optical attenuation sheet based on liquid crystal mixture and preparation method |
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