WO2013185452A1 - 致动缸的缸体的制造方法 - Google Patents
致动缸的缸体的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013185452A1 WO2013185452A1 PCT/CN2012/086130 CN2012086130W WO2013185452A1 WO 2013185452 A1 WO2013185452 A1 WO 2013185452A1 CN 2012086130 W CN2012086130 W CN 2012086130W WO 2013185452 A1 WO2013185452 A1 WO 2013185452A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- cylinder
- manufacturing
- cylinder body
- lining layer
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005490 dry winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004850 liquid epoxy resins (LERs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004046 wet winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
- B29C63/04—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
- B29C63/06—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like around tubular articles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of actuating cylinders, and in particular to a method of manufacturing a cylinder for actuating cylinders. Background technique
- Actuating cylinders typically include hydraulic cylinders and cylinders, which are used in a wide variety of applications.
- a concrete pumping device e.g., a concrete pump truck
- a hydraulic cylinder for driving the reciprocating motion of the cylinder to convey concrete.
- more and more concrete transportation work is carried out by concrete pump trucks during the action of concrete.
- engineering operations require the concrete to be transported to a higher and further distance.
- the materials selected for the boom, hydraulic cylinder and other components of the concrete machinery are moving towards light and high strength.
- the cylinder block of the existing hydraulic cylinder is made of a single alloy steel material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cylinder of an actuating cylinder, wherein the cylinder obtained by the method has higher strength, lighter weight, better fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, and thermal expansion property. Small, so that the actuator cylinder can be used more widely.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a cylinder of an actuating cylinder, wherein the method comprises: forming an inner liner layer: forming an inner liner layer; and combining steps: using a dry method Winding a first fiber material pre-impregnated with a semi-solid matrix resin around the inner liner layer, such that a first fiber composite material layer formed by the first fiber material and the matrix resin is bonded to the inner liner layer The outside.
- the cylinder of the actuating cylinder obtained by the above manufacturing method comprises an inner liner layer and a first fiber composite material layer, and the fiber composite material is lighter in weight and fatigue resistance at the same strength as compared with the existing metal material. It has better corrosion resistance and less thermal expansion, so the cylinder of the actuating cylinder can be made stronger, lighter in weight, better in fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, and less in thermal expansion. Cylinders can be used in a wider range of applications.
- the inner liner of the cylinder can satisfy the sealing property of the inner wall of the cylinder and the wear resistance of the piston, it does not affect the performance of the cylinder.
- the first fiber composite material layer is formed by the dry winding process, the content of the matrix resin in the first fiber composite material layer can be accurately controlled, so that the quality of the cylinder body can be accurately controlled, and since the prepreg is half
- the first fibrous material of the solid matrix resin can be supplied by a professional supplier, and thus the production efficiency is high.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder block of an actuating cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion A of FIG.
- Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the inner liner of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder shown in Figure 1. Description of the reference numerals
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a cylinder for actuating a cylinder, wherein the cylinder includes an inner liner 1 and an outer portion bonded to the outer layer 1 A fiber composite layer 2.
- the cylinder of the actuating cylinder comprises the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2, and the fiber composite material is lighter in weight and fatigue resistance at the same strength as the existing metal material. It has better corrosion resistance and less thermal expansion, so the cylinder of the actuating cylinder can be made stronger, lighter in weight, better in fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, and less in thermal expansion. Cylinders can be used in a wider range of applications.
- the inner liner of the cylinder can satisfy the sealing property of the inner wall of the cylinder and the wear resistance of the piston, it does not affect the performance of the cylinder.
- the inner liner 1 may be made of various suitable materials capable of satisfying the requirements of the sealing property of the inner wall of the cylinder and the wear resistance of the contact with the piston, and for example, a metal material which is conventionally used for manufacturing a cylinder can be used. production.
- the fiber composite material mentioned in the present invention refers to a material composed of a fiber material and a matrix resin, that is, a fiber reinforced resin.
- Composite material refers to a material composed of a fiber material and a matrix resin, that is, a fiber reinforced resin.
- the first fiber composite material layer 2 can adopt various suitable fiber materials and matrix resins.
- the composite material may be made of, for example, one or more of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and carbon fibers.
- the first fiber composite layer 2 is made of a carbon fiber material and a matrix resin.
- Carbon fiber composites have a series of advantages such as light weight, high strength, high stiffness, excellent vibration damping, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance.
- the carbon fiber material may be combined with various matrix resins to form a carbon fiber composite material, and the base resin may be, for example, an unsaturated polyester, a vinyl resin, a phenol resin or the like, and preferably a ring having better processability, high strength and good toughness. Oxygen resin system.
- the fiber materials for forming the first fiber composite material layer 2 some are conductive materials, some are non-conductive materials, and when the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2 are made of a conductive material (for example, when the inner liner 1 is made of a metal material and the first fiber composite layer is made of a carbon fiber composite material, preferably, an insulating layer is further disposed between the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2. 3. Thereby, electrochemical corrosion between the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2 can be prevented, and the life of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder is prolonged.
- the insulating layer 3 may be made of various suitable insulating materials, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and basalt fibers.
- the insulating layer 3 can be adhered to the inner liner 1 by, for example, a high tenacity adhesive.
- a second fiber composite material layer 4 is disposed outside the first fiber composite material layer 2.
- the second fiber composite layer 4 helps to improve the performance of the cylinder against external impact.
- the second fiber composite layer 4 may be formed using various suitable fiber materials and a matrix resin, which may be selected, for example, from one or more of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and basalt fibers. .
- the matrix resins of the first fiber composite material layer 2 and the second fiber composite material layer 4 may be the same or different.
- the present invention does not relate to a change in the overall shape of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder, that is, the overall shape of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder may be the same as that of the conventional actuating cylinder, and may be substantially Hollow cylindrical shape, and provided with connecting threads and/or oil ports at both ends, wherein the connecting thread is mainly used for connecting with the end cover of the actuating cylinder, and the oil port is mainly used for connecting with the working oil passage of the actuating cylinder. , so that the working oil passage is connected to the working chamber in the cylinder.
- the main invention of the present invention is to divide the cylinder It is a plurality of material layers, thereby improving the strength of the cylinder, reducing the weight, and improving the corrosion resistance and the fatigue resistance, and reducing the thermal expansion property.
- the plurality of material layers of the cylinder (for example, the inner liner layer 1, the first fiber composite material layer 2, the insulating layer 3, and the second fiber composite material layer 4) may each have a uniform thickness or a non-uniform thickness.
- the inner liner 1 is substantially cylindrical, and includes an intermediate portion 11 and two end portions 12 respectively located at two sides of the intermediate portion 11, the thickness of the intermediate portion 11 Less than the thickness of the end portion 12.
- the intermediate portion 11 and the two end portions 12 are arranged substantially in the axial direction of the cylinder block, and the inner liner layer 1 substantially forms a structure with two large heads and a small middle portion, which is advantageous for processing and setting the inlet and outlet, and for the middle of the two end portions 12
- the fiber composite formed outside the portion 11 has a certain fixing effect.
- each of the end portions 12 and the intermediate portion 11 further has a transition portion 13, and the thickness of the transition portion 13 transitions from the thickness of the end portion 12 to the thickness of the intermediate portion 11.
- the end portion 12 of the inner liner 1 is provided with oil ports and/or connecting threads
- the first fiber composite material layer 2 is disposed at the intermediate portion 11 and the transition portion 13 of the inner liner layer 1. external.
- the oil port and/or the connecting thread of the cylinder block can be formed on the end portion 12 as needed, and the oil port and/or the connecting thread are not used by the first fiber composite material layer 2, the insulating layer 3 and the second fiber composite material.
- Layer 4 (if any) is covered so that the cylinder is more manufacturable and does not require layers of material other than the inner liner 1 (eg, first fiber composite layer 2, insulating layer 3, and second fiber composite)
- the material layer 4) is additionally machined with oil ports and/or connecting threads.
- the transition portion 13 may have a slope shape in which the thickness gradually transitions uniformly, or a step shape in which the thickness gradually transitions in stages, or may be other suitable shapes. More preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the transition portion 13 includes a slope portion 131 and a boss portion 132 disposed on the slope portion 131, the thickness of the slope portion 131 being from the end portion 12 The thickness gradually and evenly transitions to the thickness of the intermediate portion 11.
- the raised portion 132 facilitates the bonding of the inner liner 1 to other material layers (e.g., the first fiber composite layer 2), improves the bonding force, and prevents the inner liner 1 from separating from other material layers.
- the raised portion 132 can be formed as a raised one or more continuous rings (as shown in Figure 3 for a continuous Ring), of course, can also be a plurality of discrete bumps or ridges.
- the present invention also provides a concrete pumping apparatus, wherein the cylinder of the pumping cylinder of the concrete pumping apparatus is a cylinder of the actuating cylinder as described above.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a cylinder of an actuating cylinder, wherein the method comprises: forming an inner liner layer: forming an inner liner layer 1; and combining steps: using the first fiber material and The base resin forms the first fiber composite layer 2 and bonds the first fiber composite layer 2 to the outside of the inner liner 1.
- the cylinder of the actuating cylinder comprises the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2, and the fiber composite material is lighter in weight and fatigue resistance at the same strength as the existing metal material. It has better corrosion resistance and less thermal expansion, so the cylinder of the actuating cylinder can be made stronger, lighter in weight, better in fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, and less in thermal expansion. Cylinders can be used in a wider range of applications.
- the inner liner of the cylinder can satisfy the sealing property of the inner wall of the cylinder and the wear resistance of the piston, it does not affect the performance of the cylinder.
- the inner liner 1 may be made of various suitable materials capable of satisfying the requirements of the sealing property of the inner wall of the cylinder and the wear resistance of the contact with the piston, and for example, a metal material which is conventionally used for manufacturing a cylinder can be used. production.
- the first fiber composite material layer 2 may be made by combining various suitable fiber materials with a matrix resin, and the fiber material may be selected, for example, from one of glass fiber, aramid fiber, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and carbon fiber. Or more.
- the first fiber composite material layer 2 is formed using carbon fibers and a matrix resin.
- Carbon fiber composites have a series of advantages such as light weight, high strength, high stiffness, excellent vibration damping, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance.
- the carbon fiber material may be combined with various matrix resins to form a carbon fiber composite material
- the base resin may be, for example, an unsaturated polyester, a vinyl resin, a phenol resin or the like, and preferably a ring having better processability, high strength and good toughness. Oxygen resin system.
- the inner liner layer 1 is formed by a conductive material (for example, a metal material, more specifically, for example, 27SiMn); in the bonding step, the first layer is formed by a conductive material (for example, a carbon fiber composite material) a fiber composite material layer 2; and the manufacturing method further includes the step of forming an insulating layer: before the bonding step, forming an insulating layer 3 outside the inner liner layer 1 such that the insulating layer 3 is located inside Between the liner 1 and the first fiber composite layer 2.
- a conductive material for example, a metal material, more specifically, for example, 27SiMn
- the first layer is formed by a conductive material (for example, a carbon fiber composite material) a fiber composite material layer 2
- the manufacturing method further includes the step of forming an insulating layer: before the bonding step, forming an insulating layer 3 outside the inner liner layer 1 such that the insulating layer 3 is located inside Between the liner 1 and the first fiber composite layer 2.
- the insulating layer 3 may be made of various suitable insulating materials, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and basalt fibers.
- the insulating layer can be formed, for example, by coating a fibrous material cloth (for example, a glass fiber cloth) on the outside of the inner liner 1.
- the insulating layer 3 can be adhered to the inner liner 1 by, for example, a high tenacity adhesive.
- the first fiber composite layer can be formed and bonded in a variety of suitable manners.
- a bundle-shaped first fibrous material impregnated with a matrix resin is wound around the outside of the inner liner 1 by a wet winding process.
- the continuous first fiber may be impregnated with the liquid epoxy resin, and then wound around the fixed inner liner 1 through the winding machine to complete the winding of the fiber.
- the first fiber material pre-impregnated with the semi-solid matrix resin is wound on the outside of the inner liner layer 1 by a dry winding process, so that the first fiber is passed through A first fiber composite layer 2 formed of a material and a matrix resin is bonded to the outside of the inner liner 1. Since the first fiber composite material layer 2 is formed by the dry winding process, the content of the matrix resin in the first fiber composite material layer 2 can be accurately controlled, so that the quality of the cylinder body can be accurately controlled, and since the prepreg is half The first fibrous material of the solid matrix resin can be supplied by a professional supplier, and thus the production efficiency is high.
- the first fibrous material may be in the form of a unidirectional tape or in the form of a woven fabric. More preferably, before the combining step, first in the The inner liner 1 is coated with an adhesive so that the first fiber composite layer 2 can be more easily and firmly bonded to the inner liner 1.
- the adhesive may be made of various suitable bonding materials, for example, a rubber composed of 618# epoxy resin, a curing agent diethylenetriamine, a plasticizer dibutyl phthalate, and a filler A1 2 0 3 . Adhesive.
- the angle between the extending direction of the bundle of the first fiber composite material and the axial direction of the cylinder is 70° to 90°. That is, the first fiber composite material has a winding angle of 70° to 90°. Since the radial force of the cylinder is usually 2-3 times of the circumferential force, the winding angle can increase the radial strength of the cylinder, that is, improve the mechanical properties of the cylinder, and reduce the overall thickness of the cylinder. The body provides good fatigue resistance.
- the manufacturing method further comprises: forming a second fiber composite layer 4 outside the first fiber composite layer 2.
- the second fiber composite layer 4 helps to improve the performance of the cylinder against external impact.
- the second fiber composite layer 4 may be formed by compounding various suitable fiber materials and a matrix resin, and may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and basalt fibers.
- a second fibrous material cloth may be coated on the outside of the first fiber composite material layer 2, and the matrix resin in the first fiber composite material layer 2 may be infiltrated into the second fiber material cloth to form The second fiber composite layer 4.
- the present invention does not relate to a change in the overall shape of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder, that is, the overall shape of the cylinder of the actuating cylinder may be the same as that of the conventional actuating cylinder, and may be substantially It has a hollow cylindrical shape and is provided with connecting threads and/or ports at both ends.
- the main point of the present invention is to divide the cylinder into a plurality of material layers, thereby improving the strength of the cylinder, reducing the weight, improving corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, and reducing thermal expansion.
- the plurality of material layers of the cylinder may each have a uniform thickness or a non-uniform thickness.
- the step of forming an inner liner comprises: providing a substantially hollow cylindrical liner blank; and machining process: by machining The thickness of the liner blank is thinned such that the inner liner 1 is formed to include the intermediate portion 11 and the two end portions 12 respectively located on both sides of the intermediate portion 11, The thickness of the intermediate portion 11 is smaller than the thickness of the end portion 12.
- the intermediate portion 11 and the two end portions 12 are arranged substantially in the axial direction of the cylinder block, and the inner liner layer 1 substantially forms a structure with two large heads and a small middle portion, which is advantageous for processing and setting the inlet and outlet, and for the middle of the two end portions 12
- the fiber composite formed outside the portion 11 has a certain fixing effect.
- a transition portion 13 is also formed between each of the end portions 12 and the intermediate portion 11, and the thickness of the transition portion 13 is changed from the thickness of the end portion 12 To the thickness of the intermediate portion 11.
- an oil port and/or a connecting thread is also formed at the end portion 12 of the inner liner 1; in the joining step, the first fiber composite material is The layer 2 is bonded to the outside of the intermediate portion 11 and the transition portion 13 of the inner liner 1.
- the oil port and/or the connecting thread of the cylinder block can be formed on the end portion 12 as needed, and the oil port and/or the connecting thread are not used by the first fiber composite material layer 2, the insulating layer 3 and the second fiber composite material.
- Layer 4 (if any) is covered so that the cylinder is more manufacturable and does not require layers of material other than the inner liner 1 (eg, first fiber composite layer 2, insulating layer 3, and second fiber composite)
- the material layer 4) is additionally machined with oil ports and/or connecting threads.
- the transition portion 13 may have a slope shape in which the thickness gradually transitions uniformly, or a step shape in which the thickness gradually transitions in stages, or may be other suitable shapes.
- the transition portion 13 is further formed to include a slope portion 131 and a boss portion 132 disposed on the slope portion 131, the thickness of the slope portion 131 being from the end portion The thickness of 12 gradually and evenly transitions to the thickness of the intermediate portion 11.
- the raised portion 132 facilitates the bonding of the inner liner 1 to other material layers (e.g., the first fiber composite layer 2), improves the bonding force, and prevents the inner liner 1 from separating from other material layers.
- the raised portion 132 may be formed as one or more continuous rings of protrusions (as shown in FIG. 3 as a continuous ring), and may of course be discrete plurality of bumps or ridges or the like. More preferably, the step of forming the inner liner further comprises: a sandblasting step of sandblasting the outer surface of the inner liner 1 formed in the machining process to improve the outer surface of the inner liner 1. Roughness. Thereby, the bonding ability of the inner liner layer 1 with other material layers (for example, the insulating layer 3, the first fiber composite material layer 2, etc.) can be improved.
- the method of manufacturing the cylinder of the actuating cylinder further comprises a sealing step at the seam of the end 12 of the inner liner 1 with the first fiber composite layer 2 and/or the second fiber composite layer 4
- the outer surface is coated with a sealant.
- electrolyte such as water from entering the joint between the inner liner 1 and the fiber composite layer (the first fiber composite layer 2 and/or the second fiber composite layer 4), resulting in electrochemical corrosion of the cylinder.
- the sealant can be made of various suitable sealing materials such as liquid nitrile rubber, liquid styrene butadiene rubber, and the like.
- Wrapping the first fiber composite layer 2 and/or the second fiber composite layer 4 outside the inner liner 1 generally includes a curing molding step of solidifying the cylinder by heating the cylinder.
- the method further comprises a vacuum curing molding step: heating the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2 bonded to the outside of the inner liner layer 1 under vacuum conditions to solidify the cylinder block .
- the inner liner layer 1 and the first fiber composite material layer 2 bonded to the outside of the inner liner layer 1 may be covered in a vacuum bag, placed in an oven, and heated by an electric heating tube while vacuuming to complete the vacuum. Curing molding step.
- the vacuum solidification molding step is employed to cause the cylinder body to be solidified to reduce bubbles in the first fiber composite material layer 2, thereby improving the first fiber composite material layer 2 And even the strength of the entire cylinder.
- An inner liner 1 as shown in Fig. 3 is formed by machining.
- the first fiber composite layer 2 is formed in a wound manner.
- the glass fiber cloth is coated on the outside of the first fiber composite material layer 2, and the matrix resin in the first fiber composite material layer 2 is immersed in the glass fiber cloth to form the second fiber composite material layer 4.
- the cylinder of the above actuating cylinder and the manufacturing method thereof can be applied to various actuating cylinders, including hydraulic cylinders, cylinders, etc., and the cylinder can be widely used, for example, as a concrete pump truck, a crane, an excavator, a fire truck, and a high-altitude operation.
- the cylinder of the actuating cylinder in various construction machinery such as cars and sanitation machines.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法,该方法包括:形成内衬层步骤:形成内衬层(1);以及结合步骤:采用干法缠绕工艺将预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料缠绕在所述内衬层(1)的外部,以使得通过第一纤维材料和基体树脂形成的第一纤维复合材料层(2)结合到所述内衬层(1)的外部。通过该制造方法制得的致动缸的缸体包括内衬层和第一纤维复合材料层,因此强度较大、重量较轻、耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好,而且热膨胀性较小。此外,由于缸体的内衬层能够满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的耐磨性的要求,因此不会影响缸体的使用性能。而且,由于采用干法缠绕工艺形成第一纤维复合材料层,能够准确地控制缸体的质量,生产效率较高。
Description
致动缸的缸体的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及致动缸领域, 具体地, 涉及一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法。 背景技术
致动缸通常包括液压缸和气缸, 其应用非常广泛。 例如以液压缸为例, 在混凝土泵送设备 (例如混凝土泵车) 中通常都包括有液压缸, 用于驱动 砼缸往复运动, 从而输送混凝土。 目前在混凝土的作用过程中, 越来越多 的混凝土输送工作采用混凝土泵车完成。 随着混凝土机械技术的高速发展, 工程作业要求将混凝土输送到更高更远的距离, 混凝土机械的臂架、 液压 缸等部件所选用的材料都向轻质高强方向发展。 现有的液压缸的缸体由单 一的合金钢材料制成, 由于合金钢的密度较大, 使液压缸的自身重量较大, 严重限制了混凝土泵车臂架长度的增加, 制约了混凝土泵车的发展。 因此, 开发一种既能同时满足混凝土泵车强度要求又具有质量轻的液压缸的缸体 对于混凝土泵车向长臂架方向发展具有重要意义。 此外, 由单一的合金钢 制成的致动缸的缸体还具有耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较差且热膨胀性较大等缺 点, 从而使得致动缸的应用受限。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 由该方法制 得的缸体的强度较大、 重量较轻、 耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 而且热膨胀 性较小, 从而使得致动缸能够得到更广泛的应用。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其中, 该方法包括: 形成内衬层步骤: 形成内衬层; 以及结合步骤: 采用干法缠
绕工艺将预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料缠绕在所述内衬层的外 部, 以使得通过第一纤维材料和基体树脂形成的第一纤维复合材料层结合 到所述内衬层的外部。
通过上述制造方法制得的致动缸的缸体包括内衬层和第一纤维复合材 料层, 由于纤维复合材料与现有的金属材料相比, 在同等强度下重量较轻, 而且耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 热膨胀性较小, 因此能够使得该致动缸的 缸体强度较大、 重量较轻、 耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 而且热膨胀性较小, 从而使得该致动缸能够得到更广泛的应用。 此外, 由于缸体的内衬层能够 满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的耐磨性的要求, 因此不会影响缸 体的使用性能。 而且, 由于采用干法缠绕工艺形成第一纤维复合材料层, 因此能够准确地控制第一纤维复合材料层中的基体树脂的含量, 从而能够 准确地控制缸体的质量, 而且由于预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料 可以由专业的供应商提供, 因此生产效率较高。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是根据本发明的一种实施方式的致动缸的缸体的剖视示意图; 图 2是图 1中的 A部的局部放大示意图;
图 3是如图 1所示的致动缸的缸体的内衬层的整体结构示意图。 附图标记说明
1 内衬层; 2 第一纤维复合材料层;
3 绝缘层; 4 第二纤维复合材料层;
11 中间部; 12 端部;
13 过渡部; 131 斜坡部;
132 凸起部。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
如图 1和图 2所示, 根据本发明的一种实施方式提供了一种致动缸的 缸体, 其中, 该缸体包括内衬层 1和结合在该内衬层 1 的外部的第一纤维 复合材料层 2。
通过上述技术方案, 致动缸的缸体包括内衬层 1 和第一纤维复合材料 层 2, 由于纤维复合材料与现有的金属材料相比, 在同等强度下重量较轻, 而且耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 热膨胀性较小, 因此能够使得该致动缸的 缸体强度较大、 重量较轻、 耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 而且热膨胀性较小, 从而使得该致动缸能够得到更广泛的应用。 此外, 由于缸体的内衬层能够 满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的耐磨性的要求, 因此不会影响缸 体的使用性能。
所述内衬层 1 可以选用能够满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的 耐磨性的要求的各种适当的材料制成, 例如可以采用现有的通常用于制造 缸体的金属材料制成。
本发明中提到的纤维复合材料(例如第一纤维复合材料层 2、第二纤维 复合材料层 4 的纤维复合材料) 是指由纤维材料和基体树脂复合而成的材 料, 也就是纤维增强树脂复合材料。
所述第一纤维复合材料层 2可以采用各种适当的纤维材料与基体树脂
复合而制成, 纤维材料例如可以选自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子量聚 乙烯纤维、 碳纤维中的一者或多者。 优选地, 第一纤维复合材料层 2 由碳 纤维材料和基体树脂制成。 碳纤维复合材料具有轻质、 高强度、 高刚度、 优良的减振性、 耐疲劳和耐腐蚀等一系列优点。 碳纤维材料可以与各种基 体树脂复合形成碳纤维复合材料, 该基体树脂例如可以为不饱和聚酯、 乙 烯基树脂、 酚醛树脂等, 优选地采用工艺性较好、 强度较高且韧性较好的 环氧树脂体系。 在用于形成第一纤维复合材料层 2 的纤维材料中, 有的为 导电材料, 有的为非导电材料, 当所述内衬层 1 和第一纤维复合材料层 2 由导电材料制成 (例如内衬层 1 由金属材料制成, 第一纤维复合材料层由 碳纤维复合材料制成)时, 优选地, 所述内衬层 1和第一纤维复合材料层 2 之间还设置有绝缘层 3。从而能够防止内衬层 1与第一纤维复合材料层 2之 间出现电化学腐蚀, 延长了致动缸的缸体的寿命。 绝缘层 3 可以采用各种 适当的绝缘材料制成, 例如可以选自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子量聚 乙烯纤维、 玄武岩纤维中的一者或多者。 绝缘层 3例如可以通过高韧性胶 黏剂粘附在内衬层 1上。
优选地, 如图 1和图 2所示, 所述第一纤维复合材料层 2的外部还设 置有第二纤维复合材料层 4。该第二纤维复合材料层 4有助于提高缸体承受 外界冲击的性能。 第二纤维复合材料层 4可以采用各种适当的纤维材料和 基体树脂形成, 该纤维材料例如可以选自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子 量聚乙烯纤维、 玄武岩纤维中的一者或多者。 第一纤维复合材料层 2和第 二纤维复合材料层 4的基体树脂可以相同, 也可以不同。
本发明不涉及对所述致动缸的缸体的整体形状的改变, 也就是说, 致 动缸的缸体的整体形状的结构可以与现有的致动缸的缸体相同, 可以大致 为中空的圆柱形, 并且在两端设置有连接螺紋和 /或油口等, 其中连接螺紋 主要用于与致动缸的端盖连接, 油口则主要用于与致动缸的工作油路连接, 以便工作油路与缸体内的工作腔连通。 本发明主要的发明点在于将缸体分
为多个材料层, 从而提高缸体的强度、 减轻重量, 并且提高耐腐蚀性和耐 疲劳性, 减小热膨胀性。 缸体的多个材料层(例如上述内衬层 1、 第一纤维 复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复合材料层 4)可以各自采用均匀的厚 度或不均匀的厚度。 优选地, 如图 1至图 3所示, 所述内衬层 1大致为筒 状, 包括中间部 11和分别位于该中间部 11两侧的两个端部 12, 所述中间 部 11的厚度小于所述端部 12的厚度。 中间部 11和两个端部 12大致沿缸 体的轴向布置, 内衬层 1 大致形成两头大、 中间小的结构, 这不仅利于加 工和设置进出口, 而且对两个端部 12对中间部 11外形成的纤维复合材料 具有一定的固定作用。
更优选地, 每个所述端部 12与所述中间部 11之间还具有过渡部 13, 所述过渡部 13的厚度从所述端部 12的厚度过渡到所述中间部 11的厚度。 通过设置过渡部 13, 可以消除由于厚度突然变化带来的应力集中的问题。
优选地,所述内衬层 1的端部 12上设置有油口和 /或连接螺紋,所述第 一纤维复合材料层 2设置在所述内衬层 1的中间部 11和过渡部 13的外部。 从而可以根据需要预先在端部 12上形成缸体的油口和 /或连接螺紋,而该油 口和 /或连接螺紋不被第一纤维复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复合材 料层 4 (如果有的话)覆盖, 从而该缸体的加工工艺性较好, 无需在内衬层 1以外的其他材料层 (例如第一纤维复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复 合材料层 4) 上再额外地加工油口和 /或连接螺紋。
过渡部 13可以为厚度逐渐均匀过渡的斜坡状, 也可以为厚度分阶段逐 渐过渡的阶梯状, 也可以为其他适当的形状。 更优选地, 如图 1至图 3所 示,所述过渡部 13包括斜坡部 131和设置在该斜坡部 131上的凸起部 132, 所述斜坡部 131的厚度从所述端部 12的厚度逐渐均匀地过渡到所述中间部 11的厚度。 凸起部 132有助于内衬层 1与其他材料层 (例如第一纤维复合 材料层 2) 的结合, 提高结合力, 防止内衬层 1与其他材料层相分离。 凸起 部 132可以形成为凸起的一个或多个连续的环 (如图 3所示为一个连续的
环), 当然也可以为离散的多个凸块或凸条等。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种混凝土泵送设备, 其中, 该混凝土泵 送设备的泵送缸的缸体为如上文所述的致动缸的缸体。
还另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其中, 该方法包括: 形成内衬层步骤: 形成内衬层 1 ; 以及结合步骤: 采用第一纤 维材料和基体树脂形成第一纤维复合材料层 2并将该第一纤维复合材料层 2 结合到所述内衬层 1的外部。
通过上述技术方案, 致动缸的缸体包括内衬层 1 和第一纤维复合材料 层 2, 由于纤维复合材料与现有的金属材料相比, 在同等强度下重量较轻, 而且耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 热膨胀性较小, 因此能够使得该致动缸的 缸体强度较大、 重量较轻、 耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性较好, 而且热膨胀性较小, 从而使得该致动缸能够得到更广泛的应用。 此外, 由于缸体的内衬层能够 满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的耐磨性的要求, 因此不会影响缸 体的使用性能。
所述内衬层 1 可以选用能够满足缸体内壁的密封性以及与活塞接触的 耐磨性的要求的各种适当的材料制成, 例如可以采用现有的通常用于制造 缸体的金属材料制成。
所述第一纤维复合材料层 2可以采用各种适当的纤维材料与基体树脂 复合而制成, 纤维材料例如可以选自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子量聚 乙烯纤维、 碳纤维中的一者或多者。 优选地, 在所述结合步骤中, 采用碳 纤维和基体树脂形成所述第一纤维复合材料层 2。 碳纤维复合材料具有轻 质、 高强度、 高刚度、 优良的减振性、 耐疲劳和耐腐蚀等一系列优点。 碳 纤维材料可以与各种基体树脂复合形成碳纤维复合材料, 该基体树脂例如 可以为不饱和聚酯、 乙烯基树脂、 酚醛树脂等, 优选地采用工艺性较好、 强度较高且韧性较好的环氧树脂体系。 在用于形成第一纤维复合材料层 2 的纤维材料中, 有的为导电材料, 有的为非导电材料, 优选地, 在所述形
成内衬层步骤中, 通过导电材料(例如金属材料, 更具体地, 例如 27SiMn) 形成所述内衬层 1 ; 在所述结合步骤中, 通过导电材料(例如碳纤维复合材 料)形成所述第一纤维复合材料层 2; 并且所述制造方法还包括形成绝缘层 步骤: 在所述结合步骤之前, 先在所述内衬层 1外形成绝缘层 3, 从而使得 该绝缘层 3位于所述内衬层 1和第一纤维复合材料层 2之间。 从而能够防 止内衬层 1与第一纤维复合材料层 2之间出现电化学腐蚀, 延长了致动缸 的缸体的寿命。 绝缘层 3 可以采用各种适当的绝缘材料制成, 例如可以选 自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、 玄武岩纤维中的一者或 多者。 例如可以通过将纤维材料布 (例如玻璃纤维布) 包覆在内衬层 1 外 部的方式来形成绝缘层。 绝缘层 3例如可以通过高韧性胶黏剂粘附在内衬 层 1上。
可以采用各种适当的方式形成并结合第一纤维复合材料层。
作为一种优选的实施方式, 在所述结合步骤中, 采用湿法缠绕工艺将 浸有基体树脂的束状的第一纤维材料缠绕在所述内衬层 1 的外部。 具体地 说, 可以将连续的第一纤维浸渍配置好的液态环氧树脂后, 经过缠绕机绕 丝嘴缠绕于固定好的内衬层 1 上, 完成纤维的缠绕。 湿法缠绕成形所制得 的产品可以充分发挥复合材料的特点, 使制品最大限度地获得所要求的结 构性能, 且成型成本较低, 工艺相对较为简单。
作为另一种优选实施方式, 在所述结合步骤中, 采用干法缠绕工艺将 预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料缠绕在所述内衬层 1 的外部, 以使 得通过第一纤维材料和基体树脂形成的第一纤维复合材料层 2结合到所述 内衬层 1的外部。 由于采用干法缠绕工艺形成第一纤维复合材料层 2, 因此 能够准确地控制第一纤维复合材料层 2 中的基体树脂的含量, 从而能够准 确地控制缸体的质量, 而且由于预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料可 以由专业的供应商提供, 因此生产效率较高。 所述第一纤维材料可以为单 向带的形式或者编织布的形式。 更优选地, 在所述结合步骤之前, 先在所
述内衬层 1外涂覆粘接剂, 从而使得第一纤维复合材料层 2能够更加容易 而稳固地结合在所述内衬层 1上。 该粘接剂可以采用各种适当的粘接材料, 例如可以为由 618#环氧树脂、 固化剂二乙烯三胺、 增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁 酯、 填料 A1203组成的胶黏剂。
更优选地, 在缠绕所述束状的第一纤维复合材料时, 所述束状的第一 纤维复合材料的延伸方向与所述缸体的轴向之间的角度为 70° 至 90° , 即 第一纤维复合材料的缠绕角度为 70° 至 90° 。 由于缸体的径向受力通常为 环向受力的 2-3倍, 该缠绕角度能够提高缸体的径向强度, 也就是提高缸 体的力学性能, 降低缸体的整体厚度, 为缸体提供良好的耐疲劳性能。
优选地, 该制造方法还包括: 在所述第一纤维复合材料层 2外部形成 第二纤维复合材料层 4。该第二纤维复合材料层 4有助于提高缸体承受外界 冲击的性能。 第二纤维复合材料层 4可以采用各种适当的纤维材料和基体 树脂复合而形成, 例如可以选自玻璃纤维、 芳纶纤维、 超高分子量聚乙烯 纤维、 玄武岩纤维中的一者或多者。 例如, 可以通过在所述第一纤维复合 材料层 2外部包覆第二纤维材料布, 并使所述第一纤维复合材料层 2中的 基体树脂渗入所述第二纤维材料布中, 从而形成所述第二纤维复合材料层 4。 当然, 在形成第二纤维复合材料层 4时, 也可以额外地在第二纤维材料 布上浸基体树脂, 而不采用第一纤维复合材料层 2中的基体树脂。
本发明不涉及对所述致动缸的缸体的整体形状的改变, 也就是说, 致 动缸的缸体的整体形状的结构可以与现有的致动缸的缸体相同, 可以大致 为中空的圆柱形, 并且在两端设置有连接螺紋和 /或油口等。 本发明主要的 发明点在于将缸体分为多个材料层, 从而提高缸体的强度、 减轻重量, 并 且提高耐腐蚀性和耐疲劳性, 减小热膨胀性。 缸体的多个材料层 (例如上 述内衬层 1、 第一纤维复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复合材料层 4) 可以各自采用均匀的厚度或不均匀的厚度。 优选地, 所述形成内衬层步骤 包括: 提供大致为中空圆柱形的内衬坯材; 以及机加工工序: 通过机加工
(例如车削)的方式将所述内衬坯材的部分厚度减薄, 以使得所述内衬层 1 形成为包括中间部 11和分别位于该中间部 11两侧的两个端部 12, 所述中 间部 11的厚度小于所述端部 12的厚度。 中间部 11和两个端部 12大致沿 缸体的轴向布置, 内衬层 1 大致形成两头大、 中间小的结构, 这不仅利于 加工和设置进出口, 而且对两个端部 12对中间部 11外形成的纤维复合材 料具有一定的固定作用。
更优选地, 在所述机加工工序中, 还使得每个所述端部 12与所述中间 部 11之间形成过渡部 13,所述过渡部 13的厚度从所述端部 12的厚度过渡 到所述中间部 11的厚度。通过设置过渡部 13, 可以消除由于厚度突然变化 带来的应力集中的问题。
更优选地, 在所述形成内衬层步骤中, 还在所述内衬层 1的端部 12形 成油口和 /或连接螺紋; 在所述结合步骤中, 将所述第一纤维复合材料层 2 结合在所述内衬层 1的中间部 11和过渡部 13的外部。 从而可以根据需要 预先在端部 12上形成缸体的油口和 /或连接螺紋, 而该油口和 /或连接螺紋 不被第一纤维复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复合材料层 4 (如果有的 话) 覆盖, 从而该缸体的加工工艺性较好, 无需在内衬层 1 以外的其他材 料层 (例如第一纤维复合材料层 2、 绝缘层 3和第二纤维复合材料层 4) 上 再额外地加工油口和 /或连接螺紋。
过渡部 13可以为厚度逐渐均匀过渡的斜坡状, 也可以为厚度分阶段逐 渐过渡的阶梯状, 也可以为其他适当的形状。 优选地, 在所述机加工工序 中, 还使得所述过渡部 13形成为包括斜坡部 131和设置在该斜坡部 131上 的凸起部 132, 所述斜坡部 131的厚度从所述端部 12的厚度逐渐均匀地过 渡到所述中间部 11的厚度。 凸起部 132有助于内衬层 1与其他材料层 (例 如第一纤维复合材料层 2) 的结合, 提高结合力, 防止内衬层 1与其他材料 层相分离。 凸起部 132可以形成为凸起的一个或多个连续的环 (如图 3所 示为一个连续的环), 当然也可以为离散的多个凸块或凸条等。
更优选地, 所述形成内衬层步骤还包括: 喷砂工序, 在所述机加工工 序形成的所述内衬层 1 的外表面进行喷砂处理, 以提高内衬层 1的外表面 的粗糙度。从而能够提高内衬层 1与其他材料层(例如绝缘层 3、第一纤维 复合材料层 2等) 的结合能力。
更优选地, 致动缸的缸体的制造方法还包括密封步骤:在所述内衬层 1 的端部 12与第一纤维复合材料层 2和 /或第二纤维复合材料层 4接缝处的外 表面涂覆密封胶。 从而能够防止水等电解质进入内衬层 1 与纤维复合材料 层 (第一纤维复合材料层 2和 /或第二纤维复合材料层 4) 之间的接缝处, 导致缸体的电化学腐蚀。 该密封胶可以采用各种适当的密封材料, 例如液 体丁腈橡胶、 液体丁苯橡胶等。
在内衬层 1外缠绕上述第一纤维复合材料层 2和 /或第二纤维复合材料 层 4,通常还包括固化成型步骤, 通过将该缸体加热的方式使得缸体固化成 型。 优选地, 该方法还包括真空固化成型步骤: 将上述内衬层 1 以及结合 在该内衬层 1 的外部的第一纤维复合材料层 2在真空条件下加热, 以使得 所述缸体固化成型。 例如可以将上述内衬层 1 以及结合在该内衬层 1 的外 部的第一纤维复合材料层 2包覆上真空袋后放入烘箱, 边抽真空边用电加 热管加热, 以完成上述真空固化成型步骤。 尤其是采用干法缠绕工艺形成 第一纤维复合材料层 2 时, 采用真空固化成型步骤来使得缸体固化成型能 够减少第一纤维复合材料层 2 中的气泡, 从而提高第一纤维复合材料层 2 乃至整个缸体的强度。
下面以如图 1至图 3所示致动缸的缸体的实施方式为例, 简略说明一 下该缸体的制造过程。
( 1 ) 通过机加工的方式形成如图 3所示的内衬层 1。
(2) 采用高韧性胶黏剂将玻璃纤维布粘附在内衬层 1 的中间部 11外 部, 以形成绝缘层 3。
(3 ) 在绝缘层 3的外部以及内衬层 1的过渡部 13的外部通过湿法缠
绕的方式形成第一纤维复合材料层 2。
(4)在第一纤维复合材料层 2的外部包覆玻璃纤维布, 并使第一纤维 复合材料层 2 中的基体树脂浸入该玻璃纤维布中, 以形成第二纤维复合材 料层 4。
(5 ) 将上述缸体放入烘箱, 以便加热固化成型。
上述致动缸的缸体及其制造方法可以应用于各种致动缸, 包括液压缸、 气缸等, 该缸体例如可以广泛地用作混凝土泵车、 起重机、 挖掘机、 消防 车、 高空作业车、 环卫机械等各种工程机械中的致动缸的缸体。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims
1、 一种致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括: 形成内衬层步骤: 形成内衬层 (1 ); 以及
结合步骤:采用干法缠绕工艺将预浸有半固态基体树脂的第一纤维材料 缠绕在所述内衬层 (1 ) 的外部, 以使得通过第一纤维材料和基体树脂形成 的第一纤维复合材料层 (2) 结合到所述内衬层 (1 ) 的外部。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在 缠绕所述第一纤维材料时,所述第一纤维材料的延伸方向与所述缸体的轴向 之间的角度为 70° 至 90° 。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 所 述第一纤维材料为单向带的形式或编织布的形式。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在 所述形成内衬层步骤中, 通过金属材料形成所述内衬层 (1 )。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在 所述结合步骤之前, 先在所述内衬层 (1 ) 外涂覆粘接剂。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 所 述第一纤维材料为碳纤维。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 该 制造方法还包括: 在所述第一纤维复合材料层 (2) 外部形成第二纤维复合
材料层 (4)。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任意一项所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 所述形成内衬层步骤包括:
提供大致为中空圆柱形的内衬坯材; 以及
机加工工序: 通过机加工的方式将所述内衬坯材的部分厚度减薄, 以使 得所述内衬层 (1) 形成为包括中间部 (11) 和分别位于该中间部 (11) 两 侧的两个端部 (12), 所述中间部 (11) 的厚度小于所述端部 (12) 的厚度。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在 所述机加工工序中, 还使得每个所述端部 (12) 与所述中间部 (11) 之间形 成过渡部 (13), 所述过渡部 (13) 的厚度从所述端部 (12) 的厚度过渡到 所述中间部 (11) 的厚度。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在 所述机加工工序中, 还使得所述过渡部 (13) 形成为包括斜坡部 (131) 和 设置在该斜坡部 (131) 上的凸起部 (132), 所述斜坡部 (131) 的厚度从所 述端部 (12) 的厚度逐渐均匀地过渡到所述中间部 (11) 的厚度。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 所 述形成内衬层步骤还包括: 喷砂工序, 在所述机加工工序形成的所述内衬层 (1) 的外表面进行喷砂处理, 以提高内衬层 (1) 的外表面的粗糙度。
12、 根据权利要求 8所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 在所述形成内衬层步骤中, 还在所述内衬层 (1) 的端部 (12) 形成油 口和 /或连接螺紋;
在所述结合步骤中, 将所述第一纤维复合材料层 (2) 结合在所述内衬 层 (1 ) 的中间部 (11 ) 和过渡部 (13 ) 的外部。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括密封步骤: 在所述内衬层 (1 ) 的端部 (12) 与第一纤维复合 材料层 (2) 和 /或第二纤维复合材料层 (4) 接缝处的外表面涂覆密封胶。
14、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任意一项所述的致动缸的缸体的制造方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括真空固化成型步骤: 将述内衬层 (1 ) 以及结合 在该内衬层 (1 ) 的外部的第一纤维复合材料层 (2)在真空条件下加热, 以 使得所述缸体固化成型。
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