WO2013174146A1 - 以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法 - Google Patents

以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法 Download PDF

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WO2013174146A1
WO2013174146A1 PCT/CN2013/000579 CN2013000579W WO2013174146A1 WO 2013174146 A1 WO2013174146 A1 WO 2013174146A1 CN 2013000579 W CN2013000579 W CN 2013000579W WO 2013174146 A1 WO2013174146 A1 WO 2013174146A1
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factor
wind power
matrix
layer
priority
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PCT/CN2013/000579
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王维洲
智勇
拜润卿
郑晶晶
梁琛
马呈霞
刘巍
周喜超
吕斌
高磊
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国家电网公司
甘肃省电力公司
甘肃省电力公司电力科学研究院
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Priority to CA2864241A priority Critical patent/CA2864241C/en
Publication of WO2013174146A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013174146A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Definitions

  • Wind power transmission power optimization evaluation method under multi-constraint conditions aiming at reducing network loss
  • the invention relates to the field of wind power grid-connecting technology, and in particular relates to a wind power sending power optimization evaluation method under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss.
  • the inventors have found that at least there are at least a plurality of factors that cannot be combined for quantitative evaluation and high network loss.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an optimization evaluation method for wind power transmission power under multi-constraint conditions aiming at reducing network loss, in order to achieve the advantages of being able to comprehensively evaluate multiple factors and reduce network loss.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a wind power transmission power optimization evaluation method under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss, including:
  • step a Based on the selected wind power system, according to the current domestic and international research on the impact of large-scale wind power on the power system, determine the set of factors affecting the network loss of the wind power system ( ⁇ 71 ' ⁇ 2 5 ''' , ⁇ 7 )
  • the power flow calculation software calculates the influence characteristics of each factor of the factor set C7 on the network loss based on the single variable method, and forms a hierarchical model including at least the solution layer and the factor layer;
  • the factor set t includes at least an external power system injection power, a total wind power output, a respective wind power output of a plurality of different access points, a system voltage level, and a system load level; b.
  • step a the current actual operation mode of the wind power system is selected. According to the operation mode, the factor set U is divided into an immutable factor set U N and a variable factor set Uc , and the scheduling operator determines the priority of the variable factor set Uc .
  • step c According to the change characteristics of the factors of the selected network of the wind power system in step a, and the invariable factor set obtained in step b, preliminary screening is performed to obtain a plurality of feasible solutions; d, determining a comment set; According to the priority matrix of the variable factor set ⁇ 7 ⁇ obtained in step b, and the plurality of feasible schemes obtained in step c, respectively establish a factor layer membership degree matrix and a scheme layer membership degree matrix ⁇ ; e, a comment set according to the step d And the solution layer membership degree matrix, calculating the priority of each feasible solution among the plurality of feasible solutions obtained in step c; and, based on the priority of the obtained plurality of feasible solutions, selecting the feasible solution with the maximum priority N as the optimal Program. Further, in step b, the priority matrix ⁇ of the variable factor set c is -
  • the operation initial screening comprises: the steps resulting b immutable factor set ⁇ 7, the determination section possible options; based on the obtained section viable option grid wind power system further selected according to step a.
  • the variation characteristic of each factor in the loss factor set determines a "preferred scheme" in the partial feasible scheme; based on the "preferred scheme", the optimal scheme in the current actual operation mode cannot be determined.
  • the membership level of the solution layer is 1 ⁇ :
  • step d the operation of establishing the membership matrix of the factor layer specifically includes:
  • variable factor ( ⁇ , u 2 .., u k ,, touch
  • the value of the prime corresponds to the membership function, and the membership of the five rating levels is:
  • the above membership degree is normalized to obtain the factor layer membership degree matrix ⁇ and the scheme layer membership degree matrix.
  • ⁇ R X , R 2 , '-, R 5 y is normalized to obtain the factor layer membership degree matrix.
  • the comment set is a set of comments made at various levels of the commented item, 1, 2,
  • step e the comment set obtained according to step d, and the membership level membership matrix
  • the operation of calculating the priority of each of the plurality of feasible solutions obtained in the step c includes:
  • the wind power transmission power optimization evaluation method under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss includes: determining a factor set t affecting the network loss of the wind power system, calculating the influence characteristics of each factor on the network loss, forming the inclusion
  • the hierarchical model of the scheme layer and the factor layer according to the operation mode of the wind power system, it will be divided into an immutable factor set and a variable factor set ⁇ G, a priority matrix determined by the dispatching operator ⁇ ; according to the network loss of the wind power system
  • each feasible scheme is selected as the optimal scheme with the highest priority; by considering the influence of multiple factors on the network loss of the power system (ie, wind power system) with large-scale wind power access
  • the priority of the feasible solution Provide guidance on running the power system; which can not be overcome integrated a number of factors prior art high-quantitative assessment of the net loss defects, in order to achieve a comprehensive variety of factors can be quantified Evaluate and reduce the benefits of network loss.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing wind power delivery power under multi-constraint conditions with reduced mesh loss according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a method for optimizing wind power delivery power under multi-constraint conditions with reduced mesh loss in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a regional power system with a large-scale wind power base
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hierarchical model.
  • an optimization evaluation method for wind power sending power under multi-constraint conditions aiming at reducing network loss is provided, which is used for solving the analysis method of the influence of existing wind power sending power on network loss.
  • a method for optimizing the wind power delivery power optimization under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss includes:
  • Step 100 Based on the selected wind power system, according to the current domestic and international research on the impact of large-scale wind power on the power system, determine the factor set that affects the network loss of the wind power system ⁇ 7 : ⁇ , 2 , '"' ⁇ 7 ), Using the power flow calculation software, the influence characteristics of each factor on the network loss are calculated based on the single variable method, and a hierarchical model including at least the scheme layer and the factor layer is formed (see Figure 4).
  • the above factor set ⁇ / includes at least any of the external power system injection power, the total wind power output, the respective wind power output of the wind farm group of the plurality of different access points, the system voltage level, and the system load level;
  • step 102 The operation of performing the preliminary screening specifically includes: determining a part of the feasible solution according to the invariable factor set obtained in step 101; further determining the factors in the network loss factor factor U of the selected wind power system according to the obtained partial feasible solution according to the step a The change characteristic, determining "a preferred solution" in the partial feasible solution; based on the W preferred solutions, the optimal solution in the current actual operation mode cannot be determined; Step 103: determining the comment set And, according to the priority matrix of the variable factor set obtained in step 101, and the plurality of feasible solutions obtained in step 102, respectively establishing a factor layer membership matrix and a scheme layer membership matrix; in step 103, the factor layer membership matrix is - The membership level membership matrix is: In step 103, the operation of the factor layer membership matrix is established, specifically including: the variable factor based on the selected feasible solution is By the value of the 'factors corresponding to the membership function, the membership degrees of the five comment levels are:
  • the above membership degree is normalized to obtain the factor layer membership degree matrix R and the scheme layer membership degree matrix s.
  • the membership function is a functional relationship that maps the value of the factor layer to the comment set.
  • the factor layer belongs to the degree of each comment in the comment set, and can be described by a semi-trapezoidal and triangular membership function;
  • step 103 In the collection of the vocabulary in step 103, it is possible to represent a collection of comments made at various levels of the commented thing.
  • comment set p which represents the high-low level of reviews, ie the rating level (eg best, better, better, general and poor, etc.);
  • Each of the reviews 1 can give a corresponding score, then the score set corresponding to the comment set can be obtained as -
  • the set of comments 15 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ⁇ corresponding to the comment set ⁇ can be ⁇ 9,7,5,3,1 ⁇ ;
  • Step 104 Calculate the priority of each feasible solution in the plurality of feasible solutions obtained in step 102 according to the comment set obtained in step 103, and the solution layer membership matrix 1 ; and, based on the priority N of the obtained plurality of feasible solutions, select The most feasible solution is the optimal solution.
  • the regional power system shown in Fig. 3 is used as the verification model, and the analysis is as follows:
  • Step 100 Based on the selected power system with large-scale wind power as shown in FIG. 3, according to the current domestic and international research on the impact of large-scale wind power on the power system, determine the factor set that affects the network loss of the wind power system, including the provincial direction. B province's injection power, total wind power output, wind farm group 1 and wind farm group 2 output ratio, system voltage level and system voltage level five factors. Using the power flow calculation software, the influence characteristics of each factor in the factor concentration on the network loss are calculated based on the single variable method, and the hierarchical model including the scheme layer and the factor layer is formed as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Step 101 A power system with large-scale wind power as shown in FIG. 3 is used.
  • the operation mode is that the system load is constant, which is an immutable factor, and the composition of the immutable factor set A province to B province, the total power output, the wind farm group 1 and the wind farm group 2 output ratio and the system voltage level constitute a variable factor set.
  • Step 102 According to the network loss of the selected wind power system in step 100, the factors in the factor set ⁇ / The characteristics, and the set of immutable factors obtained in step 101, are initially screened to obtain ⁇ feasible solutions:
  • the priority matrix of the variable factor set ⁇ and the three feasible solutions obtained in step 102 respectively establish a factor layer membership degree matrix ⁇ ;
  • the scheme three-factor layer membership degree matrix: (0.5,0.5,0,0,0f. From this, the scheme layer membership degree matrix S is obtained.
  • Step 104 Calculate the priority of each feasible solution in the plurality of feasible solutions obtained in step 102 according to the comment set £ obtained in step 103 and the solution layer membership degree matrix;
  • the above example analysis shows that: the wind power transmission power optimization evaluation method under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss in the above embodiment, through the characteristic analysis of the factors affecting the power system network loss of the large-scale wind power, combined
  • the actual power system operation mode is given, and the feasible scheme is given.
  • the hierarchical model is established, and the fuzzy membership function is used to quantitatively evaluate the priority of each scheme, which provides network loss optimization guidance for the grid operation of large-scale wind power transmission; Influencing factors, quantitatively assess the problem of wind power power transmission scheme under multi-constraint conditions with the goal of reducing network loss under the actual operation mode.
  • the power optimization evaluation method comprehensively considers the influence of multiple factors on the network loss of a power system with large-scale wind power access; provides a quantitative calculation method, and calculates the priority of the feasible solution for the actual operation.
  • the power system provides guidance.
  • the wind power transmission power optimization evaluation method under the multi-constraint condition aiming at reducing the network loss in the above embodiment of the present invention includes: determining a factor set affecting the system network loss - ( ⁇ '''''' ⁇ 7 ) Calculate the influence characteristics of each factor on the network loss, form a hierarchical model with the scheme layer and the factor layer; obtain the current actual operation mode of the power system, and divide the factor set into an immutable factor set and a variable factor set according to the operation mode. ⁇ 7 .
  • the scheduling operator determines the priority matrix of the variable factor ⁇ 7 ⁇ ⁇
  • a number of feasible solutions are initially selected; the set of comments is determined, and the variable factors are determined.
  • the priority matrix ⁇ ⁇ and the feasible scheme establishment factor layer membership degree matrix and the scheme layer membership degree matrix calculate the priority of each scheme from the comment set and the scheme layer membership degree matrix; select the scheme with the highest priority as the optimal scheme; In a power system with large-scale wind power access, the influence of multiple factors on the network loss of the system; in the actual power system operation mode, provides a quantitative calculation method, and calculates the priority of the feasible solution for the actual operation.
  • the power system provides guidance.

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Abstract

一种以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法,包括:确定影响风电***网损的因素集U,计算各因素对网损的影响特性,形成包含方案层与因素层的层次模型;根据风电***的运行方式,将U分为不可变因素集UN和可变因素集UC,由调度运行人员确定UC的优先度矩阵W;根据风电***的网损随各因素的变化特性与UN,初步筛选得到多个可行方案;根据W与多个可行方案,建立因素层隶属度矩阵R与方案层隶属度矩阵S;根据预设评语集与S,计算多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度N,选择优先度最大的可行方案作为最优方案。该方法可以克服现有技术中无法综合多个因素进行定量评估与网损高等缺陷。

Description

以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估 方法 技术领域
本发明涉及风电并网技术领域, 具体地, 涉及以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下 风电送出功率优化评估方法。
背景技术
随着风力发电技术的快速发展和国家在政策上对可再生能源发电的重视, 我国风 力发电建设进入了快速发展的时期; 大规模风电场群接入电力***对***网损有直接 的影响。 因此, 建立以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估模型具 有重要意义。
然而, 大规模的风电接入电力***对网损的影响受多个因素共同制约, 例如, 外 部电力***注入功率、 风电总出力、 多个不同接入点的风电场群各自风电出力、 *** 负荷水平、 以及***电压水平等因素。
目前, 对大规模风电功率对电力***网损影响的研究, 大多是针对某一个单独的 电力***指标约束进行比较分析; 然而, 实际电力***运行条件下, 需综合考虑以上 五个因素后给出网损最优化的方案, 因此需要建立以降低网损为目标的多约束风电送 出功率优化评估模型。
在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现现有技术中至少存在无法综合多个因素进行 定量评估与网损高等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于, 针对上述问题, 提出以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电 送出功率优化评估方法, 以实现能够综合多个因素进行定量评估与降低网损的优点。
为实现上述目的, 本发明采用的技术方案是: 以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下 风电送出功率优化评估方法, 包括:
a、 基于选定的风电***, 根据目前国内外关于大规模风电对电力***的影响研 究, 确定影响该风电***网损的因素集 (^71 ' ^ 2 5 ' ' ' , ^7 ) , 采用潮流计算软 件, 基于单一变量法分别计算该因素集 C7中各因素对网损的影响特性, 形成至少包含 方案层与因素层的层次模型; 所述因素集 t , 至少包括外部电力***注入功率、 风电总出力、 多个不同接入点 的风电场群各自风电出力、 ***电压水平、 以及***负荷水平中的任意多种因素; b、 获得步骤 a 中选定风电***的当前实际运行方式, 根据该运行方式, 将因素 集 U分为不可变因素集 UN和可变因素集 Uc, 由调度运行人员确定可变因素集 Uc 的优先度矩阵
c、 根据步骤 a中选定风电***的网损随因素集 中各因素的变化特性、 以及步 骤 b所得不可变因素集 ^^, 进行初步筛选, 得到多个可行方案; d、 确定评语集; 以及, 根据步骤 b所得可变因素集^7^的优先度矩阵^、 以 及步骤 c所得多个可行方案, 分别建立因素层隶属度矩阵 与方案层隶属度矩阵 ^ ; e、 根据步骤 d所得评语集、 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 , 计算步骤 c所得多个可 行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 ^; 以及, 基于所得多个可行方案的优先度 ^, 选择优先度 N最大的可行方案作为最优方案。 进一步地, 在步骤 b中, 所述可变因素集 c的优先度矩阵 ^为-
W = {Wl 9W2 ^ ; Wk ) k = m - b ; 其中, ^为因素集 c 中因素的个数, 为当前实际运行方式下不可变因素集
^N中不可变动因素的个数。
进一步地, 在步骤 c中, 进行初步筛选的操作, 具体包括: 根据步骤 b所得不可变因素集 ^7 , 确定部分可行方案; 基于所得部分可行方案,进一步根据步骤 a中选定风电***的网损随因素集 ^中 各因素的变化特性, 在所述部分可行方案中确定 "个优选方案; 基于该 "个优选方 案, 无法确定当前实际运行方式下的最优方案。 进一步地, 在步骤 d中, 所述因素层隶属度矩阵 ^为- R = {Rl,R2i-,Rp)T ;
所述方案层隶属度矩 1 ^为:
Figure imgf000005_0001
进一步地, 在步骤 d中, 所述建立因素层隶属度矩阵 的操作, 具体包括:
的可变因素为 Uc=(^,u2 ..,uk、, 碰
基于选定可行方案所在
Figure imgf000005_0002
素的值对应到隶属度函数, 得到 因素对五个评语等级的隶属度分别为:
Figure imgf000005_0003
根据隶属度函数 Σ z=1 , 对上述隶属度进行归一化处理, 得到因素层 隶属度矩阵^与方案层隶属度矩阵
Figure imgf000005_0004
{RX,R2,'-,R5 y .
Figure imgf000006_0001
进一步地,在步骤 d中,所述评语集为对被评语事物做出的各级评语组成的集合, 1,2,
表示为评语集 ···, )
Figure imgf000006_0002
代表 由高到低的各级评语;
Figure imgf000006_0003
对评语集 中的每个评语 可以给出相应的分数, 则可以得到评语集对应的分
£为: ^ ^ , ^,…, 进一步地,在步骤 e中,所述根据步骤 d所得评语集、以及方案层隶属度矩阵
Figure imgf000006_0004
计算步骤 c 所得多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 的操作, 具体包括:
Ν二 ES。 本发明各实施例的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方 法, 由于包括: 确定影响风电***网损的因素集 t , 计算各因素对网损的影响特性, 形成包含方案层与因素层的层次模型; 根据风电***的运行方式, 将 分为不可变因 素集 和可变因素集 ^G , 由调度运行人员确定 的优先度矩阵^ ; 根据风电系 统的网损随各因素的变化特性与 w , 初步筛选得到多个可行方案; 根据 与多个 可行方案,建立因素层隶属度矩阵 R与方案层隶属度矩阵 .根据预设评语集与 S, 计算多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 N, 选择优先度最大的可行方案作为最 优方案; 通过综合考虑一个具有大规模风电接入的电力*** (即风电***) 中, 多个 因素对***网损的影响; 在实际电力***运行方式下, 提供一种量化的计算方法, 计 算出可行方案的优先度, 为实际运行的电力***提供指导; 从而可以克服现有技术中 无法综合多个因素进行定量评估与网损高的缺陷, 以实现能够综合多个因素进行定量 评估与降低网损的优点。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述, 并且, 部分地从说明书中变 得显而易见, 或者通过实施本发明而了解。 本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的 说明书、 权利要求书、 以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
下面通过附图和实施例, 对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与本发明的实 施例一起用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1为根据本发明以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法 的流程示意图;
图 2为根据本发明以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法 的逻辑框图;
图 3为一个含大规模风电基地的区域电力***的布局示意图;
图 4为层次模型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明, 应当理解, 此处所描述的优选实 施例仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
根据本发明实施例, 如图 1-图 4所示, 提供了以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下 风电送出功率优化评估方法, 用于解决现有风电送出功率对网损影响的分析方法存在 的问题。
如图 1所示, 在本实施例中, 以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优 化评估方法, 包括:
步骤 100: 基于选定的风电***, 根据目前国内外关于大规模风电对电力***的 影响研究, 确定影响该风电***网损的因素集 ^7 : ^^, 2 , ' " ' ^7 ), 采用潮流计 算软件, 基于单一变量法分别计算该因素集 ί/中各因素对网损的影响特性, 形成至少 包含方案层与因素层的层次模型 (参见图 4) ;
上述因素集 ί/, 至少包括外部电力***注入功率、 风电总出力、 多个不同接入点 的风电场群各自风电出力、 ***电压水平、 以及***负荷水平中的任意多种因素; 步骤 101 : 获得步骤 100中选定风电***的当前实际运行方式, 根据该运行方式, 将因素集 分为不可变因素集 和可变因素集^ , 由调度运行人员确定可变因 素集 e的优先度矩阵 ; 在步骤 101中, 可变因素集 的优先度矩阵 ^为: =(^,^2'"',^) , k = m-bt 其中, 为因素集 中因素的个数 (一般地, w取 5) , 为当前 实际运行方式下不可变因素集 w中不可变动因素的个数; 步骤 102: 根据步骤 100中选定风电***的网损随因素集 中各因素的变化特 性、 以及步骤 101所得不可变因素集 ^^, 进行初步筛选, 得到多个可行方案; 在步骤 102中, 进行初步筛选的操作, 具体包括: 根据步骤 101所得不可变因素集 ^^, 确定部分可行方案; 基于所得部分可行方案,进一步根据步骤 a中选定风电***的网损随因素集 U中 各因素的变化特性, 在所述部分可行方案中确定 "个优选方案; 基于该 W个优选方 案, 无法确定当前实际运行方式下的最优方案; 步骤 103: 确定评语集; 以及, 根据步骤 101所得可变因素集 的优先度矩阵 、 以及步骤 102所得多个可行方案, 分别建立因素层隶属度矩阵 ^与方案层隶 属度矩阵 ; 在步骤 103中, 因素层隶属度矩阵 为-
Figure imgf000008_0001
方案层隶属度矩阵 为:
Figure imgf000009_0001
在步骤 103中, 建立因素层隶属度矩阵 的操作, 具体包括- 基于选定可行方案所在的可变因素为
Figure imgf000009_0002
,通过' 个因 素的值对应到隶属度函数, 得到 个因素对五个评语等级的隶属度分别为:
Figure imgf000009_0005
Figure imgf000009_0003
根据隶属度函数 i=l , 对上述隶属度进行归一化处理, 得到因素层 隶属度矩阵 R与方案层隶属度矩阵 s
Figure imgf000009_0004
'、RJ„
Figure imgf000010_0001
这里, 隶属度函数是将因素层的值映射到评语集中的一种函数关系, 因素层隶属 于评语集中各评语的程度, 可以用半梯形和三角形隶属度函数予以描述;
在步骤 103 语集, 为对被评语事物做出的各级评语组成的集合, 可以表示
Figure imgf000010_0002
为评语集 p , 其中 代表由高到低的 各级评语, 即评语等级 (例如最好、 较好、 好、 一般与差等评语等级) ; 对评语集 V
V;
中的每个评语 1可以给出相应的分数, 则可以得到评语集对应的分数集 为-
E = (el,e2,-',ep)
„ _ V― ίν, . v"Vr )
例如, — 3时, 评语集 15 2345Λ与该评语集 ^对应的分 数集 可以为 ^{9,7,5,3,1}; c
步骤 104: 根据步骤 103所得评语集、 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 1 , 计算步骤 102 所得多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 ^; 以及, 基于所得多个可行方案的优 先度 N, 选择优先度 最大的可行方案作为最优方案; 在步骤 104中, 根据步骤 103所得评语集、 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 , 计算步 骤 102所得多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 N的操作,具体包括: N = 。
按照上述步骤 100-步骤 104所示的方法, 参见图 2, 采用如图 3所示的区域电力 ***作为校验模型, 分析如下:
步骤 100: 基于选定的如图 3所示带大规模风电的电力***, 根据目前国内外关 于大规模风电对电力***的影响研究,确定影响该风电***网损的因素集包括 A省向 B省注入功率、 风电总出力、 风电场群 1与风电场群 2出力比例、 ***电压水平和系 统电压水平五个因素。 采用潮流计算软件, 基于单一变量法分别计算该因素集 中 各因素对网损的影响特性, 形成如图 4包含方案层与因素层的层次模型。
步骤 101 : 采用如图 3所示带大规模风电的电力***。 该运行方式为***负荷一 定, 为不可变因素, 组成不可变因素集 A省向 B省注入功率、 风电总出力、 风 电场群 1与风电场群 2出力比例和***电压水平构成可变因素集 e。 在步骤 loi中, 可变因素集 的优先度矩阵 ^为: = (3,4,2,iy\ 步骤 102:根据步骤 100中选定风电***的网损随因素集 ί/中各因素的变化特性、 以及步骤 101所得不可变因素集 ^^, 进行初步筛选, 得到 η个可行方案为:
Figure imgf000011_0001
步骤 103 : 确定评语集 = (V1,V2,V3,V4,V5 ), 与该评语集 对应的分数集 ^可以为^ ^7531) ; 根据步骤 101所得可变因素集 的优先度矩阵^、 以及步骤 102所得三个可 行方案, 分别建立因素层隶属度矩阵 ^ ;
方案一:
0 0 1 1
1 0.5 0 0
0 0.5 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 —
Figure imgf000012_0001
T
归一化后, 得到方案一因素层隶属度矩阵: = (0.3,0.5,0.2,0,0) 同理得到方案二因素层隶属度矩阵: R = (0.8,0.2,0,0,0f 。 方案三因素层隶属度矩阵: = (0.5,0.5,0,0,0f 。 由此得到方案层隶属度矩阵 S
Figure imgf000012_0002
步骤 104: 根据步骤 103所得评语集 £、 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 , 计算步骤 102所得多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 ;
0.3 0.8 0.5
0.5 0.2 0.5
N = ES = (9 7 5 3 1) 0.2 0 0 = (6.6 8.6 8.0)
0 0 0
0 0 0
经过分析计算, 得到各方案的优先度结果, 如表 1所示。
表 1 : 可行方案优先度结果
Figure imgf000012_0003
上述实例分析表明: 上述实施例的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功 率优化评估方法, 通过对影响含大规模风电的电力***网损的因素的特性分析, 结合 实际电力***运行方式, 给出可行方案; 建立层次模型, 利用模糊隶属度函数量化评 估各个方案优先度, 为大规模风电送出的电网运行提供网损优化指导; 有利于克服传 统方法中无法综合多个影响因素, 定量评估实际运行方式下, 以降低网损为目标的多 约束条件下风电功率送出方案的问题。
在一个实际电力***运行方式中, 由于其受多个约束条件限制, 需在可行的方案 里面寻求网损最优的方案; 而上述实施例的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送 出功率优化评估方法, 综合考虑了一个具有大规模风电接入的电力***中, 多个因素 对***网损的影响; 提供了一种量化的计算方法, 计算出可行方案的优先度, 为实际 运行的电力***提供指导。
综上所述, 本发明上述实施例的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率 优化评估方法, 包括: 确定影响***网损的因素集 - (^^' '''''^7 ) , 计算各个 因素对网损的影响特性, 形成具有方案层与因素层的层次模型; 获得电力***当前实 际的运行方式, 根据运行方式将因素集分为不可变因素集 和可变因素集 ^7。, 并 由调度运行人员确定可变因素^7^的优先度矩阵^ 根据***网损随各影响因素的 变化特性和不可变因素集初步筛选出若干可行方案; 确定评语集, 并由可变因素的优 先度矩阵^ ^和可行方案建立因素层隶属度矩阵 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 由评语 集和方案层隶属度矩阵计算各方案优先度; 选择优先度最大的方案作为最优方案; 综 合考虑了一个具有大规模风电接入的电力***中, 多个因素对***网损的影响; 在实 际电力***运行方式下, 提供了一种量化的计算方法, 计算出可行方案的优先度, 为 实际运行的电力***提供指导。
最后应说明的是: 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明, 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 对于本领域的技术人员来说, 其依 然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其中部分技术特征进行等 同替换。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应 包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
u

Claims

权利要求书
1 . 以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化评估方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
a、 基于选定的风电***, 根据目前国内外关于大规模风电对电力***的影响研 究, 确定影响该风电***网损的因素集 (^ ^72 ' ' ' . ' ) , 采用潮流计算软件, 基于单一变量法分别计算该因素集 ί/中各因素对网损的影响特性, 形成至少包含方案 层与因素层的层次模型; 所述因素集 ί , 至少包括外部电力***注入功率、 风电总出力、 多个不同接入 点的风电场群各自风电出力、 ***电压水平、 以及***负荷水平中的任意多种因素; b、 获得步骤 a 中选定风电***的当前实际运行方式, 根据该运行方式, 将因素 集(7分为不可变因素集^ /w和可变因素集 :, 由调度运行人员确定可变因素集 的优先度矩阵 ;
c、 根据步骤 a中选定风电***的网损随因素集 ί/中各因素的变化特性、 以及步 骤 b所得不可变因素集 , 进行初步筛选, 得到多个可行方案; d、 确定评语集; 以及, 根据步骤 b所得可变因素集^ °的优先度矩阵^ ^、 以 及步骤 c所得多个可行方案,分别建立因素层隶属度矩阵 ^与方案层隶属度矩阵 ; e、 根据步骤 d所得评语集、 以及方案层隶属度矩阵 , 计算步骤 c所得多个可 行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 以及, 基于所得多个可行方案的优先度^ ^, 选 择优先度 N最大的可行方案作为最优方案。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化 评估方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 b中, 所述可变因素集 的优先度矩阵 ^为:
其中, 为因素集 中因素的个数, 为当前实际运行方式下不可变因素集 中不可变动因素的个数。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化 评估方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 c中, 进行初步筛选的操作, 具体包括: 根据步骤 b所得不可变因素集 确定部分可行方案; 基于所得部分可行方案,进一步根据步骤 a中选定风电***的网损随因素集 U中 各因素的变化特性, 在所述部分可行方案中确定 W个优选方案; 基于该 W个优选方 案, 无法确定当前实际运行方式下的最优方案。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化 评估方法, 其特征在于, 在 d中, 所述因素层隶属度矩阵 为-
Figure imgf000015_0001
所述方案层隶属度矩阵13为:
Figure imgf000015_0002
5. 根据权利要求 1或 4所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率 优化评估方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 d中, 所述建立因素层隶属度矩阵 的操作, 具体包括: 基于选定可行方案所在的可变因素为^^ = ( , 2 ' " ', , 通过 个因素的 值对应到隶属度函数, 得到
Figure imgf000015_0003
因素对五个评语等级的隶属度分别为
Figure imgf000015_0004
R =
根据隶属度函
Figure imgf000016_0001
数 , 对上述隶属度进行归一化处理, 得到因素层隶属 度矩阵 R与方案层隶属度矩阵 :
Figure imgf000016_0002
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率优化 评估方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 d中, 所述评语集为对被评语事物做出的各级评语组 成的集合, 表示为评语集 = ( ,^,…, ) (/二 l,2,..., )代表由 高到低的各级评语; 对评语集 中的每个评语
Figure imgf000016_0003
则可以得到评语集对应的分 数集 E为 : £ = ^1,β2,··Ά)。
7. 根据权利要求 1或 6所述的以降低网损为目标的多约束条件下风电送出功率 优化评估方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 e中, 所述根据步骤 d所得评语集、 以及方案层 隶属度矩阵 , 计算步骤 c所得多个可行方案中每个可行方案的优先度 ^的操作, 具体包括: N = ES
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