WO2013163963A1

WO2013163963A1 - Device for sewage treatment and regenerative recycling and method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2013163963A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/076367
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张世文
Original assignee: 波鹰(厦门)科技有限公司
Priority date: 2012-05-03
Filing date: 2013-05-29
Publication date: 2013-11-07
Also published as: CN102674628B; CN102674628A

Abstract

A device for sewage treatment and regenerative recycling, comprising a biochemical system, an electrolysis system, an MBR system and a deep processing system. A method for sewage treatment and regenerative recycling comprises the following steps: (1) biochemical treatment; (2) electrolysis; (3) MBR system filtering; (4) capacitance desalting and sterilization; (5) sludge treatment. The device and method can overcome the defects in the existing sewage regeneration technology such as that the quality of the regenerated water is poor, it is difficult to meet the water quality requirements for water consumption, the investment is large, the operation cost is high and the secondary pollution to the environment is caused. The sewage discharge can be reduced. The utilization efficiency of water is improved. Meanwhile, the regeneration and recycling of sludge are realized and the harm possibly caused by the sludge to the environment is eliminated.

Description

一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置及其方法 Sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device and method thereof

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置及其方法，属于环境保护领域。 The invention relates to a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device and a method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental protection.

背景技术Background technique

水资源与环境污染问题日益受到人类社会的重视，一方面淡水用量不断增加，水资源日益紧缺，另一方面污水排放量日益增多，对环境污染日益严重，因此，污水处理和再生资源化循环利用越来越受到各国的重视。中国是一个水资源严重缺乏的国家，人均淡水资源占有量仅为世界平均水平的四分之一，是世界上最缺水的 13 个国家之一，目前，在全国 600 多座城市中，有 400 多座城市缺水，因此污水再生循环利用成为解决淡水资源不足的关键。但是，我国当前的污水处理多为达标排放，成熟的污水再生循环利用技术不多，应用到工程实践的更是少之又少，每天都有大量的污水经过处理达标后就直接排入江河、湖泊、海域，既造成了水资源的浪费又污染了环境，长此以往必将造成水资源的不可持续发展。据介绍，在我国城市水资源总消耗中，工业用水大约占 2/3 ，如将污水经过再生处理后用于工业用水，在节水方面将有很大的潜力，等于增加了 2/3 的淡水资源总量。 Water resources and environmental pollution are increasingly being valued by human society. On the one hand, the use of fresh water is increasing, water resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and on the other hand, sewage discharge is increasing, and environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, sewage treatment and recycling and recycling are utilized. More and more attention is being paid from all countries. China is a country with a serious shortage of water resources. The per capita freshwater resources are only one-fourth of the world average. It is the world's most water-deficient. One of the 13 countries, currently 400 out of more than 600 cities across the country Many cities lack water, so the recycling of sewage is the key to solving the shortage of fresh water resources. However, most of China's current sewage treatment is up to standard discharge, and there are not many mature wastewater recycling technologies. The application of engineering wastewater is rare. Every day, a large amount of sewage is discharged into the river directly after being treated. Lakes and sea areas not only cause waste of water resources but also pollute the environment. In the long run, water resources will be unsustainable. According to reports, in the total consumption of urban water resources in China, industrial water accounts for about 2/3, if the sewage is recycled for industrial water, it will have great potential in water saving, which is equivalent to an increase of 2/3 of the total fresh water resources.

近年来，我国环境工作者在污水处理，再生循环利用方面作了大量工作，中国专利200410024576.8公开了'一种污水抽取再生水的工艺和专用设备'，它是将污水经过酶处理后，再经过滤和臭氧消毒而生产再生水的方法。中国专利CN101108760B公开了经过生化处理后达到排放标准的污水经过连续微滤处理的再生水循环利用方法，它是将生化出水的尾水作为源水，经过旋流混凝反应池、平流多斗沉淀池物化沉淀后进入中间水池，由提升泵送至连续微滤***进行深度处理而生产再生水的方法。尽管污水再生的方法已有不少，各级政府和广大环境工作者在污水再生循环利用方面也做了大量的工作，但是污水回用量在工业用水中所占比例却不到2%，污水回用的领域也只限于对水质要求不高的行业，如工业冲渣除尘水、冷却水、企业内部绿化、冲厕等杂用，在水质要求较高的生产工艺用水方面则尝试很少。分析其原因，主要因为污水在工业上的循环利用存在如下问题： In recent years, China's environmental workers have done a lot of work in wastewater treatment and recycling. China Patent 200410024576.8 discloses a process and special equipment for extracting reclaimed water from sewage. It is treated with enzymes and then filtered. A method of producing reclaimed water by disinfecting with ozone. Chinese patent CN101108760B discloses a method for recycling reclaimed water through continuous microfiltration treatment of sewage that has reached the discharge standard after biochemical treatment. It uses the tail water of biochemical effluent as the source water, passes through the swirling coagulation reaction tank, and the advection multi-dump sedimentation tank. After the materialized precipitation, it enters the intermediate pool and is pumped to the continuous microfiltration system for advanced treatment to produce reclaimed water. Although there are many methods for wastewater reclamation, governments at all levels and environmental workers have done a lot of work in the recycling of wastewater, but the proportion of wastewater reuse in industrial water is less than 2%. The fields used are limited to industries that do not require high water quality, such as industrial slag dedusting water, cooling water, internal greening, flushing, etc., and few attempts are made in production process water with high water quality requirements. The reason for the analysis is mainly due to the following problems in the recycling of sewage in the industry:

1、再生水质量不高：首先表现在现有的污水净化再生技术难以去除污水中的残留色度和臭味，再生水中还残留有各种营养物质和细菌、霉菌、藻类等，遇到适宜的温度、光照条件即会迅速繁殖导致水体发黑发臭，并产生难以处理的生物垢，对工艺设备也会造成不良影响，使再生水在工业生产中应用受到很大局限；其次是污水中总溶解盐含量高，并含有大量可以形成水垢的钙镁盐类物质，当其通过管道被输送到用水工艺设备时，会因长期的电化学腐蚀作用，使用水设备受到损坏，随着水中钙镁盐类在用水设备中不断地循环浓缩，进一步形成水垢，会导致用水设备阻塞。 1. The quality of reclaimed water is not high: firstly, it is difficult to remove residual color and odor in the existing sewage purification and regeneration technology. Residual nutrients and bacteria, mold, algae, etc. remain in the reclaimed water. Temperature and light conditions will rapidly multiply, causing black body odor and water, which will cause undesirable biological scale, which will also have adverse effects on the process equipment, making the application of reclaimed water in industrial production very limited; followed by total dissolution in sewage. High in salt content and containing a large amount of calcium and magnesium salts which can form scale. When it is transported to the water process equipment through pipes, it will be damaged by long-term electrochemical corrosion, using water equipment, with calcium and magnesium salts in water. The class is continuously circulated and concentrated in the water equipment to further form scale, which may cause blockage of the water equipment.

2、经济上不合算：生化后经过多级膜处理，虽然能够实现污水再生，但是一次性设备投资大，运行成本高于现行自来水价，从经济合算的标准衡量，仍然不尽如人意，再生水处理循环利用无法实现规模化。 2, economically uneconomical: after biochemical treatment through multi-stage membrane, although the sewage can be regenerated, but the one-time equipment investment is large, the operating cost is higher than the current tap water price, from the economical standard, still not satisfactory, reclaimed water Processing recycling can not achieve scale.

3、二次污染：传统的再生水回用技术在对污水的净化过程中通常采用加入絮凝剂和杀菌剂对水中微生物、胶体物、固体颗粒进行沉淀后，再经过砂滤过滤、多介质过滤和膜过滤的净化工艺，其缺点是处理过程中要加入絮凝剂和消毒杀菌剂，不仅投资大、运行成本较高，而且加入的絮凝剂和杀菌剂还对环境造成不同程度的污染。 3. Secondary pollution: The traditional reclaimed water reuse technology usually uses the flocculant and bactericide to precipitate the microorganisms, colloids and solid particles in the water during the purification process of the sewage, and then passes through the sand filter, multi-media filtration and The membrane filtration purification process has the disadvantage of adding flocculant and disinfectant during the treatment process, which not only has large investment, high operating cost, but also causes flocculation and bactericide to cause different degrees of pollution to the environment.

由以上问题可知，研究开发适合中国经济现状和发展水平的安全、可靠、高效、低能耗、低投资、低成本的再生水循环利用技术和配套设备，为再生水回用的规模化、产业化发展奠定坚实的基础成为一项迫在眉睫的任务。From the above problems, we can study and develop safe, reliable, high-efficiency, low-energy, low-investment, low-cost reclaimed water recycling technologies and supporting equipment suitable for China's economic status and development level, laying the foundation for the scale and industrialization of recycled water reuse. A solid foundation has become an urgent task.

技术问题technical problem

本发明的目的在于针对现有污水再生循环利用技术存在的问题，提供一种可克服现有污水再生技术中再生水质量较差、难以满足工业生产的生产工艺用水水质要求，且投资大、运行成本高和对环境产生二次污染等缺陷，可减少污水排放，提高水的利用效率的污水处理装置。 The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the existing sewage recycling and recycling technology, and to provide a water quality requirement for the production process water which can overcome the poor quality of the reclaimed water in the existing sewage regeneration technology and is difficult to meet the industrial production, and has large investment and operating cost. High and secondary pollution to the environment, which can reduce sewage discharge and improve water use efficiency. Sewage treatment plant.

本发明的另一目的在于提供一种污水处理及再生循环利用方法。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating sewage and recycling.

技术解决方案Technical solution

本发明所述污水处理及再生循环利用装置设有生化***、电解***、 MBR ***和深度处理***； The sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device of the invention is provided with a biochemical system, an electrolysis system, an MBR System and advanced processing system;

所述生化***用于对污水进行生化处理得到生化出水，生化***设有截流井、粗格栅、提升泵、细格栅、沉砂池、一级配水井、初沉池、生物处理设备、二级配水井、二沉池和污泥回流泵；截流井的进口通过管道与污水排出口联接，截流井的出口接粗格栅的进口、粗格栅的出口接提升泵的进口，提升泵的出口接细格栅的进口、细格栅的出口接沉砂池的进口，沉砂池的出口接一级配水井的进口，一级配水井的出口接初沉池的进口，初沉池的出口接生物处理设备的进口，生物处理设备的出口接二级配水井的进口，二级配水井的出口接二沉池的进口，二沉池的出水口与电解***的进口联接，二沉池的污泥出口则一路经污泥回流泵与生物处理设备的进口联接，另一路与污泥处理***的进口联接。 The biochemical system is used for biochemical treatment of sewage to obtain biochemical water, and the biochemical system is provided with a shut-off well, a coarse grid, a lifting pump, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a first-stage water distribution well, a primary sedimentation tank, a biological treatment equipment, Secondary water distribution well, secondary sedimentation tank and sludge return pump; the inlet of the intercepting well is connected to the sewage discharge outlet through the pipeline, the outlet of the intercepting well is connected to the inlet of the coarse grid, the outlet of the coarse grid is connected to the inlet of the lift pump, and the lift pump The outlet of the fine grille is connected to the inlet of the fine grate and the inlet of the grit chamber. The outlet of the grit chamber is connected to the inlet of the first water distribution well. The outlet of the first water distribution well is connected to the inlet of the primary sinking pool. The export is connected to the import of biological treatment equipment, the outlet of the biological treatment equipment is connected to the inlet of the secondary distribution well, the outlet of the secondary distribution well is connected to the inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with the inlet of the electrolysis system, The sludge outlet of the tank is connected to the inlet of the biological treatment equipment via the sludge return pump, and the other is connected to the inlet of the sludge treatment system.

所述生化***还包括一个污泥处理***，污泥处理***用于将生化***产生的污泥进行再生循环利用，污泥处理***设有截止阀、一级污泥泵、电解机、缓冲罐、二级污泥泵、污水泵和污泥脱水装置；截止阀的进口通过管道接二沉池的污泥出口联接，截止阀的出口接一级污泥泵的进口，一级污泥泵的出口接电解机的进口，电解机的出口接缓冲罐的进口，缓冲罐的出水口经污水泵接生物处理设备的进水口，缓冲罐的的污泥出口则经二级污泥泵接污泥脱水装置的进口，污泥脱水装置的滤液出口通过管道与二沉池的进水口联接，污泥脱水装置处理所得的泥饼则外运。 The biochemical system further includes a sludge treatment system for recycling and recycling the sludge produced by the biochemical system, and the sludge treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve, a primary sludge pump, an electrolysis machine, and a buffer tank. , secondary sludge pump, sewage pump and sludge dewatering device; the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the sludge outlet of the secondary settling tank through the pipeline, and the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the primary sludge pump, the primary sludge pump The outlet of the electrolysis machine is exported, and the outlet of the electrolysis machine is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank. The water outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the water inlet of the biological treatment equipment through the sewage pump, and the buffer tank The sludge outlet is connected to the inlet of the sludge dewatering device through the secondary sludge pump, and the filtrate outlet of the sludge dewatering device is connected to the water inlet of the secondary settling tank through the pipeline, and the mud cake obtained by the sludge dewatering device is shipped out.

所述生物处理设备为厌氧池、缺氧池、曝气池、氧化沟、序批式反应器（SBR）、生物滤池、生物转盘或生物接触氧化池的一种或两种以上的组合。 The biological treatment device is one or a combination of two or more of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), a biological filter, a biological turntable or a biological contact oxidation tank. .

所述电解机设有电源和电解槽，电解槽内的电极为石墨、钛、铁、铝、锌、铜、铅、镍、钼、铬、金属的合金和纳米催化惰性电极等中的一种；所述纳米催化惰性电极的表层涂覆有晶粒为10～35nm 的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板可为钛板或塑料板等，这种电极具有较高的电催化反应活性，可以大幅度降低电解的过电位，减少副反应的发生。 The electrolysis machine is provided with a power source and an electrolytic cell, and the electrode in the electrolytic cell is one of graphite, titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, metal alloy and nano catalytic inert electrode. The surface layer of the nano catalytic inert electrode is coated with crystal grains of 10 to 35 nm The metal oxide inert catalytic coating, the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode can be a titanium plate or a plastic plate, etc., the electrode has high electrocatalytic reactivity, can greatly reduce the overpotential of electrolysis, and reduce side reactions. happened.

所述污泥脱水装置为真空过滤脱水装置、压滤脱水装置、离心脱水装置和膜过滤装置中的一种，所述的压滤脱水装置为带式压滤机、板框压滤机二者的一种，所述膜过滤装置为微滤、超滤二者中的一种；所述微滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种，所述超滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种。 The sludge dewatering device is one of a vacuum filtration dehydration device, a filter press dehydration device, a centrifugal dewatering device and a membrane filtration device, and the filter press dewatering device is a belt filter press and a plate and frame filter press. In one aspect, the membrane filtration device is one of microfiltration and ultrafiltration; the microfiltration membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module, and the ultrafiltration membrane module It is one of a ceramic film and a metal film component.

所述电解***用于对生化处理排放污水进行电解处理，电解***设有截止阀、供水泵和电解机；截止阀的进口外接生化出水排出口，供水泵的进口接截止阀的出口，供水泵的出口接电解机的进口，电解机的出口与 MBR ***的进口联接。 The electrolysis system is used for electrolyzing the biochemical treatment sewage, the electrolysis system is provided with a shut-off valve, a water supply pump and an electrolysis machine; the inlet of the shut-off valve is externally connected with a biochemical water discharge port, the inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve, and the water supply pump The outlet of the electrolysis machine, the outlet of the electrolysis machine The inlet connection of the MBR system.

所述 MBR ***用于将电解***所得净化污水进行进一步处理， MBR ***设有截止阀、格栅、 MBR 反应池、 MBR 膜组件、鼓风机、曝气器、排污泵、出水泵、初级再生水贮罐和 MBR 清洗***；所述截止阀的进口接电解***的电解机的出口，截止阀出口接格栅的进口，格栅的出口接 MBR 反应池的进口， MBR 膜组件浸没在 MBR 反应池内，通过鼓风机及分布的曝气器对其进行曝气， MBR 反应池的滤液出口接出水泵的进口，出水泵的出口接初级再生水贮罐的进口， MBR 反应池的污泥出口接排污泵的进口，污泥经过排污泵抽吸至污泥处理***进行处理；所述 MBR 膜组件可选自聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维膜、聚丙烯（ PP）中空纤维膜、聚砜（PS）中空纤维膜、聚醚砜（PES）、聚丙烯腈（PAN）和聚氯乙烯（PVC）中空纤维膜等中的一种，所述 MBR 膜组件的膜孔径可为0.10～0.2μm ，能高效进行固液分离，工作压力为 - 1～ - 50kPa，工作温度为5～45 ℃，适用 pH 为1～14 ，出水固定悬浮物可降至1mg/L ，浊度可降至1NTU 以下。该***可彻底去除污水中的细菌和大肠杆菌，出水的大肠菌群为 0，而菌落总数低于1CFU/mL ；所述 MBR清洗***用于清洗MBR膜组件，MBR清洗***设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵和截止阀；清洗液罐的出口接反冲洗泵的进口，反冲洗泵的出口接截止阀的进口，截止阀的出口接 MBR***。 The MBR system is used for further processing the purified sewage obtained by the electrolysis system, and the MBR system is provided with a shut-off valve and a grid. MBR reaction cell, MBR membrane module, blower, aerator, sewage pump, water pump, primary reclaimed water storage tank and MBR a cleaning system; the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the outlet of the electrolysis machine of the electrolysis system, the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the grid, the outlet of the grid is connected to the inlet of the MBR reaction cell, and the MBR membrane module is submerged in the MBR In the reaction tank, it is aerated by a blower and a distributed aerator. The filtrate outlet of the MBR reaction tank is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and the outlet of the outlet water pump is connected to the inlet of the primary reclaimed water storage tank, MBR. The sludge outlet of the reaction tank is connected to the inlet of the sewage pump, and the sludge is pumped to the sludge treatment system for treatment by the sewage pump; the MBR membrane module may be selected from a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane and polypropylene ( PP) one of a hollow fiber membrane, a polysulfone (PS) hollow fiber membrane, a polyethersulfone (PES), a polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hollow fiber membrane, the MBR The membrane module has a membrane pore size of 0.10-0.2μm, and can perform solid-liquid separation efficiently. The working pressure is -1～-50kPa, the working temperature is 5～45°C, and the pH is 1～14. The effluent fixed suspension can be reduced to 1mg/L and the turbidity can be reduced to below 1NTU. The system can completely remove bacteria and E. coli from sewage, and the coliform bacteria in the effluent is 0, while the total number of colonies is less than 1 CFU/mL. ; said The MBR cleaning system is used to clean the MBR membrane module. The MBR cleaning system is provided with a cleaning liquid tank, a backwashing pump and a shut-off valve; the outlet of the cleaning liquid tank is connected to the inlet of the backwashing pump, and the outlet of the backwashing pump is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve. Valve outlet MBR system.

所述深度处理***用于将 MBR ***处理所得的初级再生水进行电容吸附脱盐、分离，得透析水和浓缩水，透析水进一步通过消毒得到再生水，深度处理***设有截止阀、提升泵、保安过滤器、供水泵、电容脱盐装置、消毒装置、再生水贮罐和浓缩水增压泵；所述截止阀的进口接 MBR ***初级再生水贮罐的出口，截止阀出口接提升泵的进口，提升泵的出口接保安过滤器的进口，保安过滤器的出口接供水泵的进口，供水泵的进口接电容脱盐装置的进口，电容脱盐装置的透析水出口接消毒装置的进口，消毒装置的出口接再生水贮罐的进口；深度处理***将 MBR ***所得初级再生水经保安过滤器后用供水泵泵入电容脱盐装置，经电容脱盐装置处理得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经消毒装置消毒后进入贮罐得再生水；浓缩水则经过浓缩水增压泵回流进入电解净化***循环使用；所述消毒装置为电解机、加氯***、二氧化氯消毒器、臭氧消毒***和紫外消毒器中的一种；所述电解机设有电源和电解槽；所述加氯***设有加氯机、接触池、混合设备和氯瓶；所述臭氧消毒装置设有臭氧发生器、臭氧接触池和尾气臭氧分解器。 The depth processing system is used to MBR The primary reclaimed water obtained by the system is subjected to capacitive adsorption desalination and separation to obtain dialysis water and concentrated water, and the dialysis water is further purified to obtain reclaimed water. The advanced treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve, a lift pump, a security filter, a water supply pump, a capacitor desalination device, Disinfection device, reclaimed water storage tank and concentrated water booster pump; inlet of the shut-off valve MBR The outlet of the system primary reclaimed water storage tank, the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the lift pump, the outlet of the lift pump is connected to the inlet of the security filter, the outlet of the security filter is connected to the inlet of the water supply pump, and the inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the inlet of the capacitor desalination device. The dialysis water outlet of the capacitor desalination device is connected to the inlet of the sterilizing device, and the outlet of the sterilizing device is connected to the inlet of the reclaimed water storage tank; the advanced treatment system will MBR The primary reclaimed water obtained by the system is pumped into the capacitor desalination device by the water supply pump through the security filter, and the dialysis water and the concentrated water are treated by the capacitor desalination device. The dialysis water is disinfected by the disinfection device and then enters the storage tank to obtain the reclaimed water; the concentrated water is increased by the concentrated water. The pressure pump is returned to the electrolytic purification system for recycling; the disinfection device is one of an electrolysis machine, a chlorination system, a chlorine dioxide sterilizer, an ozone disinfection system, and an ultraviolet sterilizer; the electrolysis machine is provided with a power source and an electrolysis tank The chlorination system is provided with a chlorinator, a contact tank, a mixing device and a chlorine bottle; the ozone sterilizing device is provided with an ozone generator, an ozone contact pool and a tail gas ozone decomposer.

本发明所述一种污水处理及再生循环利用方法包括以下步骤： The sewage treatment and regeneration recycling method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1）生化处理：污水经截流井进入生化***，通过处理降低污水中的油脂、浮渣、SS、COD和BOD等污染物质，使其各项指标达到GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》三级排放标准，再进入后续处理工序； 1) Biochemical treatment: The sewage enters the biochemical system through the intercepting well, and reduces the pollutants such as oil, scum, SS, COD and BOD in the sewage to make the various indicators reach GB. The third-level emission standard of 18918-2002 "Emission Standards for Pollutants in Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" will be entered into the subsequent treatment process;

2）电解：将生化出水经水泵提取后，输入电解机中进行电解；在步骤 2）中，所述电解是将生化出水经过电解使之生成初生态的氯 [Cl] 、羟基 [OH] 和初生态的氧 [O] ，用以氧化分解污水中的动植物油、石油类、阴离子表面活性剂、有色物质等有机物和氨氮，并杀灭污水中微生物，同时，在电场作用下使污水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒凝聚形成较大颗粒；所述电解的电解槽的工作电压可为2～250V，相邻两个电极间的电压可为 2 ～ 18V ，相邻两个电极间的最佳电压为 3～8V，电流密度可为3～400mA/cm² ，最佳为电流密度为50～210mA/cm²，生化出水经过电解后经阀门进入 MBR ***。2) Electrolysis: After the biochemical effluent is extracted by a water pump, it is input into an electrolysis machine for electrolysis; in step 2), the electrolysis is to electrolyze the biochemical effluent to generate nascent chlorine [Cl], hydroxyl [OH] and The nascent oxygen [O] is used to oxidize and decompose organic matter such as animal and vegetable oil, petroleum, anionic surfactant, colored matter and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, and kills microorganisms in the sewage, and at the same time, makes the sewage in the sewage The suspended matter, the colloid and the charged particles aggregate to form larger particles; the electrolytic electrolytic cell can have an operating voltage of 2 to 250 V, and the voltage between two adjacent electrodes can be 2 to 18 V, and the most between the two adjacent electrodes good voltage is 3 ~ 8V, the current density may be 3 ~ 400mA / cm ^2, most preferably a current density of 50 ~ 210mA / cm ^2, through biochemical water electrolysis system via the valve into the MBR.

3）MBR ***过滤：将经过电解***处理所得的净化污水经管道流入 MBR ***，进行 MBR ***处理分离得初级再生水；在步骤3）中，所述 MBR ***是膜分离技术与生物技术有机结合的新型废水处理技术，它利用膜分离设备将生化反应池中的活性污泥和大分子有机物质进行截留，具有适应性强、生化效率高、抗负荷冲击能力强、占地面积小、处理效果好等优势。 3) MBR system filtration: the purified sewage treated by the electrolysis system flows into the MBR system through the pipeline for MBR The system processes the separated primary reclaimed water; in step 3), the MBR The system is a new type of wastewater treatment technology combining membrane separation technology and biotechnology. It uses membrane separation equipment to intercept activated sludge and macromolecular organic substances in biochemical reaction tanks. It has strong adaptability, high biochemical efficiency and anti-load shock. Strong ability, small footprint, good processing effect, etc.

4）电容脱盐和消毒：将经过 MBR ***过滤所得的初级再生水经过供水泵泵入电容脱盐装置，脱盐分离得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经过消毒装置后进入贮罐得再生水；在步骤 4）中，所述电容脱盐的操作条件为直流电压110V/m~2 × 10⁶V/m。4) Capacitor desalination and disinfection: the primary reclaimed water filtered by the MBR system is pumped into the capacitor desalination device through the water supply pump, and the dialysis water and the concentrated water are separated by desalting, and the dialysis water passes through the disinfection device and enters the storage tank to obtain the reclaimed water; in step 4) The operating condition of the capacitor desalination is a DC voltage of 110V/m~2 × 10 ⁶ V/m.

5）污泥处理：生化***产生的污泥进入污泥处理***，经过电解和接触反应破坏污泥的结构，破解微生物的细胞壁，微生物胞内物质流出，进入水相，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，然后再通过污水泵回流至生物处理设备中，为微生物所循环利用；剩余污泥则进入污泥脱水装置得滤液和泥饼，滤液经管道回流至二沉池，而泥饼则外运。 5) Sludge treatment: The sludge produced by the biochemical system enters the sludge treatment system, destroys the structure of the sludge through electrolysis and contact reaction, breaks the cell wall of the microorganism, and the microbial intracellular material flows out into the water phase, making the refractory solidity The substance becomes a soluble substance which is easily degraded, and then is returned to the biological treatment equipment through the sewage pump to be recycled for the microorganisms; the excess sludge enters the sludge dewatering device to obtain the filtrate and the mud cake, and the filtrate is returned to the second sediment through the pipeline. The pool, while the mud cake is shipped.

有益效果Beneficial effect

采用本发明对污水进行处理，产生的再生水水质良好，各项指标远优于 GB/T19923-2005 《城市污水再生利用工业用水水质》标准，可作为各种行业的工业的生产工艺用水，即直接应用到工业的生产各工序中，达到清洁生产的目的。同时，本发明还可以对污泥进行处理，通过溶解、氧化污泥中有机成分，再回流至生物处理设备进行循环作用，不仅使得污泥中微生物细胞壁被破坏，细胞质溶出，提高了污泥的可生化性，便于后续微生物的降解，从而减少剩余污泥产量，而且溶出的细胞质也可以作为微生物的碳源，补充其营养物质，从而增加生物活性，提高生物处理污水的效率，达到污水、污泥双重处理的功效。 The sewage treated by the invention has good quality of reclaimed water, and the indexes are far superior to GB/T19923-2005. Urban sewage recycling The standard of industrial water quality can be used as the industrial production process water in various industries, that is, it can be directly applied to the industrial production process to achieve the purpose of clean production. At the same time, the invention can also treat the sludge, dissolve and oxidize the organic components in the sludge, and then reflux to the biological treatment equipment for recycling, so that the microbial cell wall in the sludge is destroyed, the cytoplasm is dissolved, and the sludge is improved. Biodegradable, which facilitates the degradation of subsequent microorganisms, thereby reducing the excess sludge production, and the dissolved cytoplasm can also be used as a carbon source of microorganisms to supplement its nutrients, thereby increasing biological activity, improving the efficiency of biological treatment of sewage, and achieving sewage and sewage. The effect of double treatment of mud.

采用该技术路线解决了现有污水处理及再生循环利用技术难题，具有如下优势： The technical route is used to solve the technical problems of the existing sewage treatment and recycling and recycling, and has the following advantages:

1、本发明采用电解处理污水的方法，具有如下突出效果：（ 1 ）在电流作用下电解使使残留于污水中的大分子开环或断链，增强污水的可生化性；（ 2 ）电解产生的初生态的氯 [Cl] 、羟基 [OH] 和初生态的氧 [O] 并氧化分解有机物，快速降低 COD；（ 3 ）氧化分解污水中的氨氮，使残留氨氮进一步氧化，氨氮的脱除率可达80～90%，同时消除水中臭味。（ 4 ）大幅度降低污水的色度，经过了生化、物化等多种方法处理后二沉池出水的色度在80～300 之间，一般的处理方法很难进一步脱除色度，经过电解可以将污水的色度从 80 ～ 300 之间降低到 16～32。（ 5 ）使污水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒在电场作用下凝聚形成较大颗粒后，经过后续的 MBR ***过滤去除得净化污水。（ 6 ）污水中的重金属离子向电解机电解槽的阴极移动，在阴极形成沉淀，从而降低污水中的重金属离子含量。 1. The method for electrolytically treating sewage according to the present invention has the following outstanding effects: (1) Electrolysis under the action of electricity to open or break the macromolecules remaining in the sewage to enhance the biodegradability of the sewage; (2) the nascent chlorine [Cl], hydroxyl [OH] and nascent Oxygen [O] Oxidative decomposition of organic matter, rapid reduction of COD; (3) oxidative decomposition of ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, further oxidation of residual ammonia nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen removal rate of up to 80 ~ 90%, while eliminating odor in water. ( 4 ) greatly reduce the color of the sewage, after the biochemical, physical and other methods of treatment, the effluent of the secondary settling tank is between 80 and 300, the general treatment method is difficult to further remove the color, after electrolysis The color of the sewage from Reduced from 80 to 300 to 16 to 32. (5) After the suspended solids, colloids and charged particles in the sewage are condensed under the electric field to form larger particles, the subsequent MBR is passed. The system filters to remove the purified sewage. (6) The heavy metal ions in the sewage move to the cathode of the electrolysis cell of the electrolysis machine to form a precipitate at the cathode, thereby reducing the heavy metal ion content in the sewage.

2、降低污水 COD 总排放量，大幅提高污水可生化性：传统的生化末端加膜过滤技术，虽然可以实现部分中水回用，但不能降低污水 COD 的总排放量，本发明电解产生的初生态的氯 [Cl] 、羟基 [OH] 和初生态的氧 [O] 使残留于污水中的大分子开环或断链并迅速氧化分解有机物，不但大幅度降低污水 COD 的总排放量，而且提高污水的可生化性； 2, reduce sewage COD Total emissions, greatly improve the biodegradability of sewage: the traditional biochemical end-addition membrane filtration technology, although it can realize partial water reuse, but can not reduce the total discharge of sewage COD, the nascent chlorine produced by the electrolysis of the present invention [Cl], hydroxyl [OH] and nascent oxygen [O] open or smash macromolecules remaining in sewage and rapidly oxidize and decompose organic matter, not only greatly reducing the total COD emissions of wastewater, but also Improve the biodegradability of sewage;

3、回用水率高、成本低：污水的回用率高达70%～90%，排放污水少，能耗低，高纯再生水生产成本低于1元/吨，远低于现行自来水价； 3. High water reuse rate and low cost: the reuse rate of sewage is as high as 70% to 90%, the discharge of sewage is low, and the energy consumption is low. The production cost of high-purity reclaimed water is less than 1 yuan/ton, which is much lower than the current tap water price;

4、回用水质高：采用该技术路线产生的再生水无色、无味，水质主要指标如表 1 ，可以满足各种行业工业用水的水质要求； 4. High water quality for reuse: The recycled water produced by this technical route is colorless and odorless. The main indicators of water quality are shown in Table 1. , can meet the water quality requirements of industrial water in various industries;

表 1 再生水水质指标

项目	浓度	项目	浓度
pH 值	6.5~8.5	电导率（ μS/cm ）	≤ 300
浊度（ NTU ）	≤ 1	氯化物（ mg/L ）	≤ 50
色度（倍）	≤ 3	总铁（ mg/L ）	≤ 0.05
COD_Cr （ mg/L ）	≤ 10	锰（ mg/L ）	≤ 0.1
SS （ mg/L ）	≤ 1	游离氯（ mg/L ）	≤ 0.1
总碱度（ mg/L ）	≤ 50 （以碳酸钙硬度计）	总硬度（ mg/L ）	≤ 10 （以碳酸钙硬度计）

Table 1 Reclaimed water quality indicators

project	concentration	project	concentration
pH value	6.5~8.5	Conductivity ( μS/cm )	≤ 300
Turbidity (NTU)	≤ 1	Chloride (mg/L)	≤ 50
Chromaticity (times)	≤ 3	Total iron (mg/L)	≤ 0.05
COD _Cr ( mg/L )	≤ 10	Manganese (mg/L)	≤ 0.1
SS ( mg/L )	≤ 1	Free chlorine (mg/L)	≤ 0.1
Total alkalinity (mg/L)	≤ 50 (based on calcium carbonate hardness)	Total hardness (mg/L)	≤ 10 (based on calcium carbonate hardness)

5、本发明采用电解处理污泥具有如下突出效果：（1）破坏污泥结构，在电场的作用下可以使污泥絮体结构发生变化，加快污泥水解；（2）抑制和杀灭污泥中微生物和病毒，电解过程中会产生大量具有强氧化性的自由基，不仅能穿透渗入到微生物的细胞中，阻断微生物的 DNA 复制，还能氧化分解微生物的细胞壁，破坏微生物的细胞结构，使细胞质进入到污泥中，使得污泥水解，抑制和杀灭微生物；另一方面，污泥中大量的微生物带负电荷，在电场的作用下，这些带负电荷的微生物失去电子而失去生物活性从而死亡后沉降；（3 ）除臭，电解产生的多种游离基（氯 [Cl] 、羟基 [OH] 和氧 [O] ）氧化分解污泥中的发臭基团，去除恶臭，大幅度改善污泥减量处理工艺的整体工作环境；（4）分解污泥中大量有机物，在电流作用下电解使污泥中的大分子开环或断链，使难生物降解的大分子物质分解为小分子物质，将污泥 B/C 从 0.1～0.2 提高到0.3～0.6，增强污泥的可生化性，使其更容易为微生物所利用。 5. The electrolytic sludge treated by the invention has the following outstanding effects: (1) destroying the sludge structure, under the action of the electric field, the sludge floc structure can be changed to accelerate the hydrolysis of the sludge; (2) inhibiting and killing the sewage Microorganisms and viruses in the mud, a large number of strong oxidizing free radicals are generated during the electrolysis process, which not only penetrates into the cells of the microorganisms, but also blocks the microorganisms. DNA It can also oxidize and decompose the cell wall of the microorganism, destroy the cell structure of the microorganism, and let the cytoplasm enter the sludge, so that the sludge is hydrolyzed, inhibiting and killing the microorganism; on the other hand, a large number of microorganisms in the sludge are negatively charged. Under the action of an electric field, these negatively charged microorganisms lose electrons and lose their biological activity and then settle after death; (3 Deodorization, various free radicals produced by electrolysis (chlorine [Cl], hydroxyl [OH] and oxygen [O] Oxidative decomposition of the odorous group in the sludge to remove malodor and greatly improve the overall working environment of the sludge reduction treatment process; (4) Decomposition of a large amount of organic matter in the sludge, electrolysis to make the sludge large under the action of current Molecular ring opening or chain scission, which decomposes biodegradable macromolecular substances into small molecular substances, and sludge The B/C is increased from 0.1 to 0.2 to 0.3 to 0.6, which enhances the biodegradability of the sludge and makes it easier for microorganisms to utilize.

6、溶解、氧化污泥中有机成分，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，再返回至生物处理设备进行循环作用，不仅可以为微生物补充碳源，作为其营养物质被微生物代谢再利用，提高生物处理污水的效率；而且可以通过微生物的分解反应，降解由破解细菌产生的溶解性物质，从而达到提高污水处理效果，减少剩余污泥产量的双重目的，实现污泥的再生循环利用。 6. Dissolving and oxidizing the organic components in the sludge, causing the hardly degradable solid matter to become a degradable dissolved substance, and then returning to the biological treatment equipment for recycling, not only can the microbe supplement the carbon source, as its nutrient is Reuse of microbial metabolism to improve the efficiency of biological treatment of sewage; and through the decomposition reaction of microorganisms, degrading the dissolved substances generated by cracking bacteria, thereby achieving the dual purpose of improving sewage treatment effect and reducing excess sludge production, and realizing sludge Recycling recycling.

7、通过污泥的再生利用，降低污泥的总量，一方面可以消除污泥可能对环境造成的危害，另一方面节约运输成本，减少占地，少付填埋费。 7. By recycling the sludge and reducing the total amount of sludge, on the one hand, it can eliminate the harm that the sludge may cause to the environment, on the other hand, it saves transportation costs, reduces land occupation, and pays less landfill fees.

附图说明DRAWINGS

图 1 为本发明所述污水处理及再生循环利用装置实施例的结构组成示意图。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structural composition of an embodiment of a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling apparatus according to the present invention.

本发明的最佳实施方式BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

本发明是在对现有污水处理厂生化出水的成份、性质和现有处理方案进行深入***的对比研究之后完成的对污水的净化和再生循环利用工艺的设计，通过生化***、电解、MBR***、电容脱盐等工艺的组合运用，从而形成一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置及其方法。The invention designs the sewage purification and regeneration recycling process after the in-depth systematic comparative study on the composition, properties and existing treatment schemes of the biochemical effluent of the existing sewage treatment plant, through the biochemical system, electrolysis, MBR system The combination of processes such as capacitor desalination forms a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device and method thereof.

下面实施例将结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.

参见图1，本发明所述一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置及其方法实施例设有：Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device and a method thereof according to the present invention are provided with:

生化***：生化***用于对污水进行生化处理得到生化出水，生化***设有截流井1、粗格栅2、提升泵3、细格栅4、沉砂池5、一级配水井6、初沉池7、生物处理设备8、二级配水井9、二沉池10、污泥回流泵11和截止阀12；截流井1的进口通过管道与污水排出口联接，截流井1的出口接粗格栅2的进口、粗格栅2的出口接提升泵3的进口，提升泵3的出口接细格栅4的进口、细格栅4的出口接沉砂池5的进口，沉砂池5的出口接一级配水井6的进口，一级配水井6的出口接初沉池7的进口，初沉池7的出口接生物处理设备8的进口，生物处理设备8的出口接二级配水井9的进口，二级配水井9的出口接二沉池10的进口，二沉池10的出水口与电解***的进口联接，二沉池10的污泥出口一路经污泥回流泵11、截止阀12与生物处理设备8的进口联接，另一路与污泥处理***的进口联接。Biochemical system: Biochemical system is used for biochemical treatment of sewage to obtain biochemical water. Biochemical system is equipped with intercepting well 1, coarse grid 2, lifting pump 3, fine grid 4, grit chamber 5, first-level water distribution well 6, initial Shenchi 7, biological treatment equipment 8, secondary distribution well 9, secondary sedimentation tank 10, sludge return pump 11 and shut-off valve 12; the inlet of the intercepting well 1 is connected to the sewage discharge outlet through the pipeline, and the outlet of the intercepting well 1 is thickened The inlet of the grille 2, the outlet of the coarse grille 2 is connected to the inlet of the lift pump 3, the outlet of the lift pump 3 is connected to the inlet of the fine grille 4, the outlet of the fine grille 4 is connected to the inlet of the grit chamber 5, and the grit chamber 5 The outlet is connected to the inlet of the first water distribution well 6, the outlet of the first water distribution well 6 is connected to the inlet of the primary sedimentation tank 7, the outlet of the primary sedimentation tank 7 is connected to the inlet of the biological treatment equipment 8, and the outlet of the biological treatment equipment 8 is connected to the secondary The inlet of the well 9 , the outlet of the secondary distribution well 9 is connected to the inlet of the secondary settling tank 10 , the outlet of the secondary settling tank 10 is connected to the inlet of the electrolysis system, and the sludge outlet of the secondary settling tank 10 passes through the sludge return pump 11 . The shut-off valve 12 is coupled to the inlet of the biological treatment device 8 and the other is coupled to the inlet of the sludge treatment system.

污泥处理***：污泥处理***用于将生化***产生的污泥进行再生循环利用，污泥处理***设有截止阀21、一级污泥泵22、电解机23、缓冲罐24、截止阀25、二级污泥泵26、污水泵27、截止阀28和污泥脱水装置29；截止阀21的进口通过管道接二沉池的污泥出口联接，截止阀21的出口接一级污泥泵22的进口，一级污泥泵22的出口接电解机23的进口，电解机23的出口接缓冲罐24的进口，缓冲罐24的出水口依次经污水泵27、截止阀28接生物处理设备8的进水口，缓冲罐24的的污泥出口则依次经截止阀25、二级污泥泵26接污泥脱水装置29的进口，污泥脱水装置29的滤液出口通过管道与二沉池10的进水口联接，污泥脱水装置29处理所得的泥饼则外运。Sludge treatment system: The sludge treatment system is used to regenerate and recycle the sludge produced by the biochemical system. The sludge treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve 21, a primary sludge pump 22, an electrolysis machine 23, a buffer tank 24, and a shut-off valve. 25. The secondary sludge pump 26, the sewage pump 27, the shut-off valve 28 and the sludge dewatering device 29; the inlet of the shut-off valve 21 is connected to the sludge outlet of the secondary settling tank through the pipeline, and the outlet of the shut-off valve 21 is connected to the primary sludge. The inlet of the pump 22, the outlet of the primary sludge pump 22 is connected to the inlet of the electrolysis machine 23, the outlet of the electrolysis machine 23 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 24, and the outlet of the buffer tank 24 is sequentially biologically treated by the sewage pump 27 and the shut-off valve 28. The water inlet of the device 8 and the sludge outlet of the buffer tank 24 are sequentially connected to the inlet of the sludge dewatering device 29 via the shut-off valve 25 and the secondary sludge pump 26, and the filtrate outlet of the sludge dewatering device 29 passes through the pipeline and the secondary settling tank. The water inlet of the 10 is connected, and the mud cake obtained by the sludge dewatering device 29 is shipped out.

所述电解机23的电极为纳米催化惰性电极，其表层涂覆有晶粒为10～35nm的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板可为钛板或塑料板等，这种电极具有较高的电催化反应活性，可以大幅度降低电解的过电位，减少副反应的发生。The electrode of the electrolysis machine 23 is a nano catalytic inertial electrode, and the surface layer thereof is coated with a metal oxide inert catalytic coating having a crystal grain size of 10 to 35 nm, and the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode may be a titanium plate or a plastic plate. The electrode has high electrocatalytic reactivity, can greatly reduce the overpotential of electrolysis, and reduce the occurrence of side reactions.

电解***：电解***用于电解处理，电解***设有截止阀31、供水泵32和电解机33。截止阀31的进口外接生化出水排出口，供水泵32的进口接截止阀31的出口，供水泵32的出口接电解机33的进口，电解机33的出口与MBR***的进水口联接。Electrolysis system: The electrolysis system is used for electrolytic treatment, and the electrolysis system is provided with a shutoff valve 31, a water supply pump 32, and an electrolysis machine 33. The inlet of the shut-off valve 31 is externally connected to the biochemical water discharge port, the inlet of the water supply pump 32 is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve 31, the outlet of the water supply pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the electrolysis machine 33, and the outlet of the electrolysis machine 33 is connected with the water inlet of the MBR system.

所述电解***的电解机33的纳米催化惰性电极的表层涂覆有晶粒为10～35nm的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板为钛板或塑料板。The surface layer of the nanocatalytic inert electrode of the electrolysis machine 33 of the electrolysis system is coated with a metal oxide inert catalytic coating having a crystal grain size of 10 to 35 nm, and the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode is a titanium plate or a plastic plate.

MBR***：MBR***用于将电解***所得净化污水进行进一步处理。MBR***设截止阀41、格栅42、MBR膜组件43、鼓风机44、曝气器45、MBR反应池46、排污泵47、出水泵48和初级再生水贮罐49。截止阀41的进口接电解机33的出口，截止阀41的出口接格栅42的进口，格栅42的出口依次经过MBR反应池46、出水泵48进入初级再生水贮罐49，MBR反应池46的污泥出口接排污泵47的进口，污泥经过排污泵47抽吸至污泥处理***进行处理。MBR system: The MBR system is used to further treat the purified sewage obtained from the electrolysis system. The MBR system is provided with a shutoff valve 41, a grille 42, an MBR membrane module 43, a blower 44, an aerator 45, an MBR reaction tank 46, a sewage pump 47, an outlet water pump 48, and a primary reclaimed water storage tank 49. The inlet of the shutoff valve 41 is connected to the outlet of the electrolysis machine 33, the outlet of the shutoff valve 41 is connected to the inlet of the grille 42, and the outlet of the grille 42 is sequentially passed through the MBR reaction tank 46 and the outlet pump 48 to enter the primary reclaimed water storage tank 49, and the MBR reaction tank 46 The sludge outlet is connected to the inlet of the sewage pump 47, and the sludge is pumped by the sewage pump 47 to the sludge treatment system for treatment.

MBR清洗***：MBR清洗***用于清洗MBR***，设有清洗液罐51、反冲洗泵52和截止阀53。清洗液罐51的出口接反冲洗泵52的进口，反冲洗泵52的出口接截止阀53的进口，截止阀53的出口接MBR反应池43的出口。MBR cleaning system: The MBR cleaning system is used to clean the MBR system, and is provided with a cleaning liquid tank 51, a backwash pump 52, and a shutoff valve 53. The outlet of the cleaning liquid tank 51 is connected to the inlet of the backwashing pump 52, the outlet of the backwashing pump 52 is connected to the inlet of the shutoff valve 53, and the outlet of the shutoff valve 53 is connected to the outlet of the MBR reaction tank 43.

深度处理***：深度处理***用于将MBR***处理所得的初级再生水进行电容吸附脱盐、分离，得透析水和浓缩水，透析水进一步通过消毒得到再生水，深度处理***设有截止阀61、提升泵62、保安过滤器63、供水泵64、电容脱盐装置65、截止阀66、消毒装置67、截止阀68、再生水贮罐69和浓缩水增压泵70；所述截止阀61的进口接MBR***初级再生水贮罐49的出口，截止阀61出口接提升泵62的进口，提升泵62的出口接保安过滤器63的进口，保安过滤器63的出口接供水泵64的进口，供水泵64的进口接电容脱盐装置65的进口，电容脱盐装置65的透析水出口经截止阀66接消毒装置67的进口，消毒装置67的出口经截止阀68接再生水贮罐69的进口。Advanced treatment system: The advanced treatment system is used for capacitive adsorption desalination and separation of the primary reclaimed water treated by the MBR system to obtain dialysis water and concentrated water. The dialysis water is further purified by disinfection, and the deep treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve 61 and a lift pump. 62. A security filter 63, a water supply pump 64, a capacitor desalination device 65, a shutoff valve 66, a disinfection device 67, a shutoff valve 68, a reclaimed water storage tank 69, and a concentrated water booster pump 70; the inlet of the shutoff valve 61 is connected to the MBR system The outlet of the primary reclaimed water storage tank 49, the outlet of the shut-off valve 61 is connected to the inlet of the lift pump 62, the outlet of the lift pump 62 is connected to the inlet of the security filter 63, the outlet of the security filter 63 is connected to the inlet of the water supply pump 64, and the inlet of the water supply pump 64. Connected to the inlet of the capacitor desalination device 65, the dialysis water outlet of the capacitor desalination device 65 is connected to the inlet of the sterilizing device 67 via the shutoff valve 66, and the outlet of the sterilizing device 67 is connected to the inlet of the reclaimed water storage tank 69 via the shutoff valve 68.

所述深度处理***的电容脱盐装置65的操作条件为直流电压110V/m~2×106V/m。The operating conditions of the capacitive desalination device 65 of the deep processing system are DC voltages of 110 V/m to 2 x 106 V/m.

以下结合图1给出污水处理及再生循环利用方法的具体实施例。A specific embodiment of a sewage treatment and regeneration cycle utilization method will be given below with reference to FIG.

本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention

实施例 1 Example 1

1000吨 / 日污水处理及再生循环利用工程。 1000 tons / day sewage treatment and recycling and recycling project.

所述污水的水质情况如表 2 所示。 The water quality of the sewage is shown in Table 2.

表 2 污水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	350	5	浊度	NTU	19
2	BOD₅	mg/L	180	6	色度	倍	50
3	SS	mg/L	270	7	pH	-	7.5
4	TN	mg/L	30	8	电导率	µS/cm	380

Table 2 Water quality of sewage

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	350	5	Turbidity	NTU	19
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	180	6	Chroma	Times	50
3	SS	Mg/L	270	7	pH	-	7.5
4	TN	Mg/L	30	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	380

步骤 1 、生化处理：污水经截流井 1 进入生化***，依次经过粗格栅 2 、提升泵 3 、细格栅 4 、沉砂池 5 、一级配水井 6 、初沉池 7 、生物处理设备 8 、二级配水井 9 和二沉池 10 的处理，使其各项指标达到 GB 18918-2002 《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》三级排放标准，再进入后续处理工序。 Step 1. Biochemical treatment: The sewage enters the biochemical system through the intercepting well 1 and passes through the coarse grid 2, the lift pump 3 and the fine grid. 4, grit chamber 5, first-stage water distribution well 6, primary sedimentation tank 7, biological treatment equipment 8, secondary distribution well 9 and secondary sedimentation tank 10, so that its indicators reach GB 18918-2002 The third-level emission standard of the “Emission Standards for Pollutants in Urban Sewage Treatment Plants” will enter the subsequent treatment process.

步骤 2 、电解：起动供水泵 32 ，污水经截止阀 31 进入电解机 33 进行电解。 Step 2: Electrolysis: start the water supply pump 32, and the sewage enters the electrolysis machine 33 through the shut-off valve 31 for electrolysis.

所述电解所用电解机 33 的电极的纳米催化惰性电极的表层涂覆有晶粒为 10nm 的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板为钛板或塑料板。 The surface of the nanocatalytic inert electrode of the electrode of the electrolysis machine 33 for electrolysis is coated with a crystal grain of 10 nm. The metal oxide inert catalytic coating, the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode is a titanium plate or a plastic plate.

所述电解的工作电压为6V ，两极间的电压为3.5～8.0V，电流密度350mA/cm² 。The electrolysis has an operating voltage of 6 V, a voltage between the two electrodes of 3.5 to 8.0 V, and a current density of 350 mA/cm ² .

步骤 3 、 MBR ***过滤分离：电解后的净化污水再经过格栅 41 过滤除去污水中因电解产生的较大颗粒的固体杂质、胶体后进入 MBR 反应池 46 中，启动鼓风机 44 和曝气器 45 ，污水经过曝气氧化后，启动出水泵 48 ，在负压作用下，水分子透过 MBR 膜组件 43 分离，得透析水，透析水收集到初级再生水贮罐 49 中。 Step 3, MBR system filtration separation: the purified sewage after electrolysis passes through the grid 41 The solid impurities and colloids of the larger particles generated by electrolysis in the sewage are removed by filtration, and then enter the MBR reaction tank 46 to start the blower 44 and the aerator 45. After the aeration is oxidized, the water pump is started. Under negative pressure, water molecules are separated by the MBR membrane module 43 to obtain dialysis water, and the dialysis water is collected into the primary reclaimed water storage tank 49.

所述 MBR ***的膜材料为孔径 0.2 微米的聚偏氟乙烯（ PVDF ）中空纤维膜。 MBR ***分离的工作压力为 -25 ～ -26 kPa ，工作温度为 15 ～ 40 ℃， pH 值为 5 ～ 9 。 The membrane material of the MBR system is a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane having a pore size of 0.2 μm. MBR The system has a working pressure of -25 to -26 kPa, an operating temperature of 15 to 40 °C, and a pH of 5 to 9.

步骤 4 、电容脱盐和消毒：将经过 MBR ***过滤所得的初级再生水依次经过截止阀 61 、提升泵 62 、保安过滤器 63 、供水泵 64 泵入电容脱盐装置 65 ，脱盐分离得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经过电解机 67 后进入再生水贮罐 69 得再生水。污水的回用率为 87% ，再生水的水质情况如表 3 所示。 Step 4: Capacitor desalination and disinfection: the primary reclaimed water filtered by the MBR system is passed through the shut-off valve 61 and the lift pump. 62, security filter 63, water supply pump 64 pumped into the capacitor desalination device 65, desalinated separation of dialysis water and concentrated water, dialysis water after electrolysis machine 67 into the reclaimed water storage tank 69 Reclaimed water. The reuse rate of sewage is 87%, and the water quality of reclaimed water is shown in Table 3.

所述电容脱盐装置 65 的操作条件为直流电压 110V/m ~2 × 10⁶V/m 。The operating condition of the capacitor desalination device 65 is a DC voltage of 110 V/m to 2 × 10 ⁶ V/m.

上述电解机 67 为消毒装置。当然，消毒装置可以是电解机、加氯***、二氧化氯消毒器、臭氧消毒***和紫外消毒器中的一种。 The above electrolysis machine 67 For disinfection devices. Of course, the disinfecting device can be one of an electrolysis machine, a chlorination system, a chlorine dioxide sterilizer, an ozone disinfection system, and an ultraviolet sterilizer.

步骤 5 、污泥处理：生化***产生的污泥进入污泥处理***，经过一级污泥泵 22 泵入电解机 23 电解。所述电解机 23 电极的纳米催化惰性电极的表层涂覆有晶粒为 32~35nm 的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板为钛板或塑料板。工作电压为 12V ，两极间的电压为了 3.5 ～ 8.0V ，电流密度 200mA/cm² 。电解后的污泥进入缓冲罐 24 ，使得电解产生的自由基进一步与污泥进行接触反应，破坏污泥的结构，破解微生物的细胞壁，使得污泥絮体结构发生变化，微生物胞内物质流出，进入水相，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，然后再通过污水泵 27 回流至生物处理设备 8 中，为微生物循环利用，不仅可以为微生物补充碳源，可被微生物代谢再利用，提高生物处理污水的效率；而且可以通过微生物的分解反应，降解由破解细菌产生的溶解性物质，从而达到减少剩余污泥产量的目的。剩余污泥则通过二级污泥泵 26 进入离心脱水装置 29 得滤液和泥饼，滤液经管道回流至二沉池 10 ，而泥饼则外运。Step 5: Sludge treatment: The sludge produced by the biochemical system enters the sludge treatment system and is pumped into the electrolysis machine 23 through the primary sludge pump 22 for electrolysis. The surface layer of the nano catalytic inert electrode of the electrode of the electrolysis machine 23 is coated with a metal oxide inert catalytic coating having a crystal grain size of 32 to 35 nm, and the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode is a titanium plate or a plastic plate. The operating voltage is 12V, the voltage between the two poles is 3.5 to 8.0V, and the current density is 200mA/cm ² . The sludge after electrolysis enters the buffer tank 24, so that the radical generated by the electrolysis further contacts the sludge, destroys the structure of the sludge, breaks the cell wall of the microorganism, changes the structure of the floc, and the intracellular substance flows out. Entering the water phase, the hardly degradable solid material becomes a readily degradable dissolved substance, and then is returned to the biological treatment device 8 through the sewage pump 27, which is used for the microbial recycling, not only can supplement the carbon source for the microorganism, but can be supplemented by the microorganism Metabolic reuse can improve the efficiency of biological treatment of sewage; and it can decompose the dissolved substances produced by cracking bacteria through the decomposition reaction of microorganisms, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the excess sludge production. The excess sludge passes through the secondary sludge pump 26 and enters the centrifugal dewatering unit 29 to obtain the filtrate and the mud cake. The filtrate is returned to the secondary settling tank 10 through the pipeline, and the mud cake is transported.

上述离心脱水装置 29 为污泥脱水装置。当然，污泥脱水装置可以是真空过滤脱水装置、压滤脱水装置、离心脱水装置和膜过滤装置中的一种，所述的压滤脱水装置为带式压滤机、板框压滤机二者中的一种，所述膜过滤装置为微滤、超滤二者中的一种，所述微滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种，所述超滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种。 The above centrifugal dewatering device 29 It is a sludge dewatering device. Of course, the sludge dewatering device may be one of a vacuum filtration dehydration device, a filter press dehydration device, a centrifugal dewatering device, and a membrane filtration device, and the filter press dewatering device is a belt filter press, a plate and frame filter press 2 In one of the above, the membrane filtration device is one of microfiltration and ultrafiltration, and the microfiltration membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module, the ultrafiltration The membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module.

表 3 再生水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	≤ 5	5	浊度	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD₅	mg/L	≤ 5	6	色度	倍	≤ 2
3	SS	mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.2
4	TN	mg/L	≤ 4	8	电导率	µS/cm	≤ 200

Table 3 Water quality of reclaimed water

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	≤ 5	5	Turbidity	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	≤ 5	6	Chroma	Times	≤ 2
3	SS	Mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.2
4	TN	Mg/L	≤ 4	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	≤ 200

实施例 2 Example 2

5000 吨 / 日污水的深度净化再生及循环利用工程。 Deep purification, recycling and recycling of 5000 tons / day of sewage.

所述污水的水质情况如表 4 所示。 The water quality of the sewage is shown in Table 4.

表 4 污水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	289	5	浊度	NTU	16
2	BOD₅	mg/L	114	6	色度	倍	80
3	SS	mg/L	250	7	pH	-	7.4
4	TN	mg/L	42	8	电导率	µS/cm	510

Table 4 Water quality of sewage

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	289	5	Turbidity	NTU	16
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	114	6	Chroma	Times	80
3	SS	Mg/L	250	7	pH	-	7.4
4	TN	Mg/L	42	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	510

上述生物处理设备 8 为氧化沟。当然，生物处理设备可以是厌氧池、缺氧池、曝气池、氧化沟、序批式反应器（ SBR ）、生物滤池、生物转盘和生物接触氧化池的一种或两种以上的组合。 The above biological treatment equipment 8 For the oxidation ditch. Of course, the biological treatment equipment can be an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) One or a combination of two or more of a biofilter, a biological turntable, and a biological contact oxidation cell.

步骤 2 、电解：起动供水泵 32 ，污水经截止阀 31 进入电解机 33 进行电解。所述电解机 33 的电极为表层涂覆有晶粒为 15nm 的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层的纳米催化惰性电极，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板为钛板。所述电解的工作电压为 100V ，两极间的电压为 2 ～ 18V ，电流密度 3mA/cm² 。Step 2: Electrolysis: The water supply pump 32 is started, and the sewage enters the electrolysis machine 33 through the shut-off valve 31 for electrolysis. The electrode of the electrolysis machine 33 is a nanocatalytic inert electrode whose surface layer is coated with a metal oxide inert catalytic coating having a crystal grain size of 15 nm, and the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode is a titanium plate. The electrolysis has an operating voltage of 100 V, a voltage between the two electrodes of 2 to 18 V, and a current density of 3 mA/cm ² .

上述纳米催化惰性材料为电解机的电极材料。当然，电极材料可以是石墨、钛、铁、铝、锌、铜、铅、镍、钼、铬、合金和纳米催化惰性材料中的一种。 The above nanocatalytic inert material is an electrode material of an electrolysis machine. of course, The electrode material may be one of graphite, titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, alloys, and nanocatalytic inert materials.

所述 MBR ***的膜材料为孔径 0.1 微米的聚丙烯（ PP ）中空纤维膜。 MBR ***分离的工作压力为 -20 ～ -23 kPa ，工作温度为 5 ～ 45 ℃， pH 为 5 ～ 9 。 The membrane material of the MBR system is a polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber membrane having a pore size of 0.1 μm. MBR The system has a working pressure of -20 to -23 kPa, an operating temperature of 5 to 45 °C, and a pH of 5 to 9.

步骤 4 、电容脱盐和消毒：将经过 MBR ***过滤所得的初级再生水依次经过截止阀 61 、提升泵 62 、保安过滤器 63 、供水泵 64 泵入电容脱盐装置 65 ，脱盐分离得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经过臭氧消毒*** 67 后进入再生水贮罐 69 得再生水。污水的回用率为 80% ，再生水的水质情况如表 5 所示。 Step 4: Capacitor desalination and disinfection: the primary reclaimed water filtered by the MBR system is passed through the shut-off valve 61 and the lift pump. 62, security filter 63, water supply pump 64 pumped into the capacitor desalination device 65, desalinated separation of dialysis water and concentrated water, dialysis water through the ozone disinfection system 67 and then into the reclaimed water storage tank 69 Reclaimed water. The reuse rate of sewage is 80%, and the water quality of reclaimed water is shown in Table 5.

上述臭氧消毒*** 67 为消毒装置。当然，消毒装置可以是电解机、加氯***、二氧化氯消毒器、臭氧消毒***和紫外消毒器中的一种。 The above ozone disinfection system 67 For disinfection devices. Of course, the disinfecting device can be one of an electrolysis machine, a chlorination system, a chlorine dioxide sterilizer, an ozone disinfection system, and an ultraviolet sterilizer.

步骤 5 、污泥处理：生化***产生的污泥进入污泥处理***，经过一级污泥泵 22 泵入电解机 23 电解。所述电解机 23 的工作电压为 100V ，两极间的电压为了 2 ～ 18V ，电流密度 260mA/cm² 。电解后的污泥进入缓冲罐 24 ，使得电解产生的自由基进一步与污泥进行接触反应，破坏污泥的结构，破解微生物的细胞壁，使得污泥絮体结构发生变化，微生物胞内物质流出，进入水相，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，然后再通过污水泵 27 回流至生物处理设备 8 中，为微生物循环利用，不仅可以为微生物补充碳源，可被微生物代谢再利用，提高生物处理污水的效率；而且可以通过微生物的分解反应，降解由破解细菌产生的溶解性物质，从而达到减少剩余污泥产量的目的。剩余污泥则通过二级污泥泵 26 进入带式压滤机 29 得滤液和泥饼，滤液经管道回流至二沉池 10 ，而泥饼则外运。Step 5: Sludge treatment: The sludge produced by the biochemical system enters the sludge treatment system and is pumped into the electrolysis machine 23 through the primary sludge pump 22 for electrolysis. The electrolysis machine 23 has an operating voltage of 100 V, a voltage between the two electrodes of 2 to 18 V, and a current density of 260 mA/cm ² . The sludge after electrolysis enters the buffer tank 24, so that the radical generated by the electrolysis further contacts the sludge, destroys the structure of the sludge, breaks the cell wall of the microorganism, changes the structure of the floc, and the intracellular substance flows out. Entering the water phase, the hardly degradable solid material becomes a readily degradable dissolved substance, and then is returned to the biological treatment device 8 through the sewage pump 27, which is used for the microbial recycling, not only can supplement the carbon source for the microorganism, but can be supplemented by the microorganism Metabolic reuse can improve the efficiency of biological treatment of sewage; and it can decompose the dissolved substances produced by cracking bacteria through the decomposition reaction of microorganisms, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the excess sludge production. The excess sludge passes through the secondary sludge pump 26 and enters the belt filter press 29 to obtain the filtrate and the mud cake. The filtrate is returned to the secondary settling tank 10 through the pipeline, and the mud cake is transported.

上述带式压滤机 29 为污泥脱水装置。当然，污泥脱水装置可以是真空过滤脱水装置、压滤脱水装置、离心脱水装置和膜过滤装置中的一种，所述的压滤脱水装置为带式压滤机、板框压滤机二者中的一种，所述膜过滤装置为微滤、超滤二者中的一种，所述微滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种，所述超滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种。 The above belt filter press 29 It is a sludge dewatering device. Of course, the sludge dewatering device may be one of a vacuum filtration dehydration device, a filter press dehydration device, a centrifugal dewatering device, and a membrane filtration device, and the filter press dewatering device is a belt filter press, a plate and frame filter press 2 In one of the above, the membrane filtration device is one of microfiltration and ultrafiltration, and the microfiltration membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module, the ultrafiltration The membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module.

表 5 再生水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	≤ 5	5	浊度	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD₅	mg/L	≤ 5	6	色度	倍	≤ 2
3	SS	mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.0
4	TN	mg/L	≤ 5	8	电导率	µS/cm	≤ 180

Table 5 Water quality of reclaimed water

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	≤ 5	5	Turbidity	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	≤ 5	6	Chroma	Times	≤ 2
3	SS	Mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.0
4	TN	Mg/L	≤ 5	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	≤ 180

实施例 3 Example 3

10000 吨 / 日污水的深度净化再生及循环利用工程。 Deep purification, recycling and recycling of 10,000 tons / day of sewage.

所述污水的水质情况如表 6 所示。 The water quality of the sewage is shown in Table 6.

表 6 污水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	259	5	浊度	NTU	15
2	BOD₅	mg/L	99	6	色度	倍	80
3	SS	mg/L	300	7	pH	-	7.7
4	NH₃-N	mg/L	45	8	电导率	µS/cm	440

Table 6 Water quality of sewage

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	259	5	Turbidity	NTU	15
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	99	6	Chroma	Times	80
3	SS	Mg/L	300	7	pH	-	7.7
4	NH ₃ -N	Mg/L	45	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	440

上述生物处理设备 8 为厌氧池和生物接触氧化池的组合。当然，生物处理设备可以是厌氧池、缺氧池、曝气池、氧化沟、序批式反应器（ SBR ）、生物滤池、生物转盘和生物接触氧化池的一种或两种以上的组合。 The above biological treatment equipment 8 It is a combination of an anaerobic tank and a biological contact oxidation tank. Of course, the biological treatment equipment can be an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) One or a combination of two or more of a biofilter, a biological turntable, and a biological contact oxidation cell.

步骤 2 、电解：起动供水泵 32 ，污水经截止阀 31 进入电解机 33 进行电解。所述电解的工作电压为 220V ，两极间的电压为 2 ～ 18V ，电流密度 15mA/cm² 。Step 2: Electrolysis: The water supply pump 32 is started, and the sewage enters the electrolysis machine 33 through the shut-off valve 31 for electrolysis. The electrolysis has an operating voltage of 220 V, a voltage between the two electrodes of 2 to 18 V, and a current density of 15 mA/cm ² .

所述 MBR ***的膜材料为孔径 0.2 微米的聚偏氟乙烯（ PVDF ）中空纤维膜。 MBR ***分离的工作压力为 -1 ～ -50 kPa ，工作温度为 5 ～ 45 ℃， pH 值为 1 ～ 14 。 The membrane material of the MBR system is a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane having a pore size of 0.2 μm. MBR The system has a working pressure of -1 to -50 kPa, an operating temperature of 5 to 45 °C, and a pH of 1 to 14.

步骤 4 、电容脱盐和消毒：将经过 MBR ***过滤所得的初级再生水依次经过截止阀 61 、提升泵 62 、保安过滤器 63 、供水泵 64 泵入电容脱盐装置 65 ，脱盐分离得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经过二氧化氯消毒器 67 后进入再生水贮罐 69 得再生水。污水的回用率为 74% ，再生水的水质情况如表 7 所示。 Step 4: Capacitor desalination and disinfection: the primary reclaimed water filtered by the MBR system is passed through the shut-off valve 61 and the lift pump. 62, security filter 63, water supply pump 64 pumped into the capacitor desalination device 65, desalinated separation of dialysis water and concentrated water, dialysis water through the chlorine dioxide sterilizer 67 and then into the reclaimed water storage tank 69 Reclaimed water. The reuse rate of sewage is 74%, and the water quality of reclaimed water is shown in Table 7.

上述二氧化氯消毒器 67 为消毒装置。当然，消毒装置可以是电解机、加氯***、二氧化氯消毒器、臭氧消毒***和紫外消毒器中的一种。 The above chlorine dioxide sterilizer 67 For disinfection devices. Of course, the disinfecting device can be one of an electrolysis machine, a chlorination system, a chlorine dioxide sterilizer, an ozone disinfection system, and an ultraviolet sterilizer.

步骤 5 、污泥处理：生化***产生的污泥进入污泥处理***，经过一级污泥泵 22 泵入电解机 23 电解。所述电解机 23 的工作电压为 220V ，两极间的电压为了 2 ～ 18V ，电流密度 15mA/cm² 。电解后的污泥进入缓冲罐 24 ，使得电解产生的自由基进一步与污泥进行接触反应，破坏污泥的结构，破解微生物的细胞壁，使得污泥絮体结构发生变化，微生物胞内物质流出，进入水相，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，然后再通过污水泵 27 回流至生物处理设备 8 中，为微生物循环利用，不仅可以为微生物补充碳源，可被微生物代谢再利用，提高生物处理污水的效率；而且可以通过微生物的分解反应，降解由破解细菌产生的溶解性物质，从而达到减少剩余污泥产量的目的。剩余污泥则通过二级污泥泵 26 进入超滤膜过滤装置 29 得滤液和泥饼，滤液经管道回流至二沉池 10 ，而泥饼则外运。所述超滤的膜组件为金属膜组件。Step 5: Sludge treatment: The sludge produced by the biochemical system enters the sludge treatment system and is pumped into the electrolysis machine 23 through the primary sludge pump 22 for electrolysis. The electrolysis machine 23 has an operating voltage of 220 V, a voltage between the two electrodes of 2 to 18 V, and a current density of 15 mA/cm ² . The sludge after electrolysis enters the buffer tank 24, so that the radical generated by the electrolysis further contacts the sludge, destroys the structure of the sludge, breaks the cell wall of the microorganism, changes the structure of the floc, and the intracellular substance flows out. Entering the water phase, the hardly degradable solid material becomes a readily degradable dissolved substance, and then is returned to the biological treatment device 8 through the sewage pump 27, which is used for the microbial recycling, not only can supplement the carbon source for the microorganism, but can be supplemented by the microorganism Metabolic reuse can improve the efficiency of biological treatment of sewage; and it can decompose the dissolved substances produced by cracking bacteria through the decomposition reaction of microorganisms, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the excess sludge production. The excess sludge enters the ultrafiltration membrane filtration unit 29 through the secondary sludge pump 26 to obtain the filtrate and the mud cake, and the filtrate is returned to the secondary sedimentation tank 10 through the pipeline, and the mud cake is shipped. The ultrafiltration membrane module is a metal membrane module.

上述超滤膜过滤装置 29 为污泥脱水装置。当然，污泥脱水装置可以是真空过滤脱水装置、压滤脱水装置、离心脱水装置和膜过滤装置中的一种，所述的压滤脱水装置为带式压滤机、板框压滤机二者中的一种，所述膜过滤装置为微滤、超滤二者中的一种，所述微滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种，所述超滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种。 The above ultrafiltration membrane filtration device 29 It is a sludge dewatering device. Of course, the sludge dewatering device may be one of a vacuum filtration dehydration device, a filter press dehydration device, a centrifugal dewatering device, and a membrane filtration device, and the filter press dewatering device is a belt filter press, a plate and frame filter press 2 In one of the above, the membrane filtration device is one of microfiltration and ultrafiltration, and the microfiltration membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module, the ultrafiltration The membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module.

表 7 再生水的水质情况

序号	项目	单位	测定值	序号	项目	单位	测定值
1	COD_Cr	mg/L	≤ 5	5	浊度	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD₅	mg/L	≤ 5	6	色度	倍	≤ 2
3	SS	mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.1
4	TN	mg/L	≤ 5	8	电导率	µS/cm	≤ 172

Table 7 Water quality of reclaimed water

Serial number	project	unit	measured value	Serial number	project	unit	measured value
1	COD _Cr	Mg/L	≤ 5	5	Turbidity	NTU	≤ 1
2	BOD ₅	Mg/L	≤ 5	6	Chroma	Times	≤ 2
3	SS	Mg/L	≤ 1	7	pH	-	7.1
4	TN	Mg/L	≤ 5	8	Conductivity	μS/cm	≤ 172

工业实用性Industrial applicability

本发明容易在工业上实现，具备良好的工业实用性。 The present invention is easy to implement industrially and has good industrial applicability.

Claims

一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于设有生化***、电解***、 MBR ***和深度处理***； A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device characterized by being provided with a biochemical system, an electrolysis system, and an MBR System and advanced processing system;

所述生化***用于对污水进行生化处理得到生化出水，生化***设有截流井、粗格栅、提升泵、细格栅、沉砂池、一级配水井、初沉池、生物处理设备、二级配水井、二沉池和污泥回流泵；截流井的进口通过管道与污水排出口联接，截流井的出口接粗格栅的进口、粗格栅的出口接提升泵的进口，提升泵的出口接细格栅的进口、细格栅的出口接沉砂池的进口，沉砂池的出口接一级配水井的进口，一级配水井的出口接初沉池的进口，初沉池的出口接生物处理设备的进口，生物处理设备的出口接二级配水井的进口，二级配水井的出口接二沉池的进口，二沉池的出水口与电解***的进口联接，二沉池的污泥出口则一路经污泥回流泵与生物处理设备的进口联接，另一路与污泥处理***的进口联接；The biochemical system is used for biochemical treatment of sewage to obtain biochemical water, and the biochemical system is provided with a shut-off well, a coarse grid, a lifting pump, a fine grid, a grit chamber, a first-stage water distribution well, a primary sedimentation tank, a biological treatment equipment, Secondary water distribution well, secondary sedimentation tank and sludge return pump; the inlet of the intercepting well is connected to the sewage discharge outlet through the pipeline, the outlet of the intercepting well is connected to the inlet of the coarse grid, the outlet of the coarse grid is connected to the inlet of the lift pump, and the lift pump The outlet of the fine grille is connected to the inlet of the fine grate and the inlet of the grit chamber. The outlet of the grit chamber is connected to the inlet of the first water distribution well. The outlet of the first water distribution well is connected to the inlet of the primary sinking pool. The export is connected to the import of biological treatment equipment, the outlet of the biological treatment equipment is connected to the inlet of the secondary distribution well, the outlet of the secondary distribution well is connected to the inlet of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with the inlet of the electrolysis system, The sludge outlet of the tank is connected to the inlet of the biological treatment equipment through the sludge return pump, and the other is connected to the inlet of the sludge treatment system;

所述生化***还包括一个污泥处理***，污泥处理***用于将生化***产生的污泥进行再生循环利用，污泥处理***设有截止阀、一级污泥泵、电解机、缓冲罐、二级污泥泵、污水泵和污泥脱水装置；截止阀的进口通过管道接二沉池的污泥出口联接，截止阀的出口接一级污泥泵的进口，一级污泥泵的出口接电解机的进口，电解机的出口接缓冲罐的进口，缓冲罐的出水口经污水泵接生物处理设备的进水口，缓冲罐的污泥出口则经二级污泥泵接污泥脱水装置的进口，污泥脱水装置的滤液出口通过管道与二沉池的进水口联接，污泥脱水装置处理所得的泥饼则外运；The biochemical system further includes a sludge treatment system for recycling and recycling the sludge produced by the biochemical system, and the sludge treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve, a primary sludge pump, an electrolysis machine, and a buffer tank. , secondary sludge pump, sewage pump and sludge dewatering device; the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the sludge outlet of the secondary settling tank through the pipeline, and the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the primary sludge pump, the primary sludge pump The outlet of the electrolysis machine is connected to the inlet of the electrolyzer, the outlet of the electrolysis machine is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the water inlet of the biological treatment equipment through the sewage pump, and the sludge outlet of the buffer tank is dewatered by the sludge of the secondary sludge pump. The inlet of the device, the filtrate outlet of the sludge dewatering device is connected to the water inlet of the secondary settling tank through the pipeline, and the mud cake obtained by the sludge dewatering device is shipped out;

所述电解***用于对生化处理排放污水进行电解处理，电解***设有截止阀、供水泵和电解机；截止阀的进口外接生化出水排出口，供水泵的进口接截止阀的出口，供水泵的出口接电解机的进口，电解机的出口与 MBR ***的进口联接；The electrolysis system is used for electrolyzing the biochemical treatment sewage, the electrolysis system is provided with a shut-off valve, a water supply pump and an electrolysis machine; the inlet of the shut-off valve is externally connected with a biochemical water discharge port, the inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve, and the water supply pump The outlet of the electrolysis machine, the outlet of the electrolysis machine Import connection of the MBR system;

所述 MBR ***用于将电解***所得净化污水进行进一步处理， MBR ***设有截止阀、格栅、 MBR 反应池、 MBR 膜组件、鼓风机、曝气器、排污泵、出水泵、初级再生水贮罐和 MBR 清洗***；所述截止阀的进口接电解***的电解机的出口，截止阀出口接格栅的进口，格栅的出口接 MBR 反应池的进口， MBR 膜组件浸没在 MBR 反应池内，通过鼓风机及分布的曝气器对其进行曝气， MBR 反应池的滤液出口接出水泵的进口，出水泵的出口接初级再生水贮罐的进口， MBR 反应池的污泥出口接排污泵的进口，污泥经过排污泵抽吸至污泥处理***进行处理；The MBR system is used for further processing the purified sewage obtained by the electrolysis system, and the MBR system is provided with a shut-off valve, a grid, an MBR reaction tank, and an MBR. Membrane assembly, blower, aerator, sewage pump, water pump, primary reclaimed water storage tank and MBR cleaning system; the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the outlet of the electrolysis machine of the electrolysis system, the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the grille, the grille Export At the inlet of the MBR reaction cell, the MBR membrane module is immersed in the MBR reaction tank and aerated by a blower and a distributed aerator, MBR The filtrate outlet of the reaction tank is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and the outlet of the outlet water pump is connected to the inlet of the primary reclaimed water storage tank, MBR The sludge outlet of the reaction tank is connected to the inlet of the sewage pump, and the sludge is pumped to the sludge treatment system for treatment by the sewage pump;

所述深度处理***用于将 MBR ***处理所得的初级再生水进行电容吸附脱盐、分离，得透析水和浓缩水，透析水进一步通过消毒得到再生水，深度处理***设有截止阀、提升泵、保安过滤器、供水泵、电容脱盐装置、消毒装置、再生水贮罐和浓缩水增压泵；所述截止阀的进口接 MBR ***初级再生水贮罐的出口，截止阀出口接提升泵的进口，提升泵的出口接保安过滤器的进口，保安过滤器的出口接供水泵的进口，供水泵的进口接电容脱盐装置的进口，电容脱盐装置的透析水出口接消毒装置的进口，消毒装置的出口接再生水贮罐的进口；深度处理***将 MBR ***所得初级再生水经保安过滤器后用供水泵泵入电容脱盐装置，经电容脱盐装置处理得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经消毒装置消毒后进入贮罐得再生水；浓缩水则经过浓缩水增压泵回流进入电解净化***循环使用。The depth processing system is used to MBR The primary reclaimed water obtained by the system is subjected to capacitive adsorption desalination and separation to obtain dialysis water and concentrated water, and the dialysis water is further purified to obtain reclaimed water. The advanced treatment system is provided with a shut-off valve, a lift pump, a security filter, a water supply pump, a capacitor desalination device, Disinfection device, reclaimed water storage tank and concentrated water booster pump; inlet of the shut-off valve MBR The outlet of the system primary reclaimed water storage tank, the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the inlet of the lift pump, the outlet of the lift pump is connected to the inlet of the security filter, the outlet of the security filter is connected to the inlet of the water supply pump, and the inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the inlet of the capacitor desalination device. The dialysis water outlet of the capacitor desalination device is connected to the inlet of the sterilizing device, and the outlet of the sterilizing device is connected to the inlet of the reclaimed water storage tank; the advanced treatment system will MBR The primary reclaimed water obtained by the system is pumped into the capacitor desalination device by the water supply pump through the security filter, and the dialysis water and the concentrated water are treated by the capacitor desalination device. The dialysis water is disinfected by the disinfection device and then enters the storage tank to obtain the reclaimed water; the concentrated water is increased by the concentrated water. The pressure pump is returned to the electrolytic purification system for recycling.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述生物处理设备为厌氧池、缺氧池、曝气池、氧化沟、序批式反应器（ SBR ）、生物滤池、生物转盘或生物接触氧化池的一种或两种以上的组合。Claims 1 The sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device is characterized in that the biological treatment equipment is an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) One or a combination of two or more of a biofilter, a biological turntable or a biological contact oxidation bath.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述所述电解机设有电源和电解槽；所述电解槽内的电极材料为石墨、钛、铁、铝、锌、铜、铅、镍、钼、铬、合金和纳米催化惰性材料中的一种。Claims 1 The sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device is characterized in that the electrolysis machine is provided with a power source and an electrolytic cell; the electrode materials in the electrolytic cell are graphite, titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, copper, One of lead, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, alloys and nanocatalytic inert materials.
如权利要求 3 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述纳米催化惰性电极的表层涂覆有晶粒为 10 ～ 35nm 的金属氧化物惰性催化涂层，所述纳米催化惰性电极的基板为钛板或塑料板。A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the surface layer of said nanocatalytic inert electrode is coated with crystal grains of 10 to 35 nm. The metal oxide inert catalytic coating, the substrate of the nano catalytic inert electrode is a titanium plate or a plastic plate.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述污泥脱水装置为真空过滤脱水装置、压滤脱水装置、离心脱水装置和膜过滤装置中的一种，所述的压滤脱水装置为带式压滤机、板框压滤机二者中的一种，所述膜过滤装置为微滤、超滤二者中的一种。Claims 1 The sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device is characterized in that the sludge dewatering device is one of a vacuum filtration dehydration device, a filter filtration dehydration device, a centrifugal dewatering device and a membrane filtration device, and the pressure filtration device The dewatering device is one of a belt filter press and a plate and frame filter press, and the membrane filtering device is one of microfiltration and ultrafiltration.
如权利要求 5 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于：所述微滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种，所述超滤的膜组件为陶瓷膜、金属膜组件二者中的一种。 A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device according to claim 5, wherein the microfiltration membrane module is one of a ceramic membrane and a metal membrane module, and the ultrafiltration membrane module is One of a ceramic film or a metal film assembly.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述 MBR 膜组件选自聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜、聚丙烯中空纤维膜、聚砜中空纤维膜、聚醚砜、聚丙烯腈和聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜中的一种。 A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said MBR The membrane module is one selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane, a polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, a polysulfone hollow fiber membrane, a polyethersulfone, a polyacrylonitrile, and a polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane.
如权利要求 1 或 7 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述 MBR 膜组件的膜孔径为 0.10 ～ 0.2 μ m ，工作压力为 -1 ～ -50kPa ，工作温度为 5 ～ 45 ℃，适用 pH 为 1 ～ 14 。 A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling apparatus according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the membrane pore size of said MBR membrane module is 0.10 ～ 0.2 μ m, working pressure is -1 ~ -50kPa, working temperature is 5 ~ 45 °C, suitable for pH 1 ~ 14.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述 MBR 清洗***用于清洗 MBR 膜组件， MBR 清洗***设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵和截止阀；清洗液罐的出口接反冲洗泵的进口，反冲洗泵的出口接截止阀的进口，截止阀的出口接 MBR ***。 A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said MBR cleaning system is used for cleaning MBR The membrane module, the MBR cleaning system is provided with a cleaning liquid tank, a backwashing pump and a shut-off valve; the outlet of the cleaning liquid tank is connected to the inlet of the backwashing pump, the outlet of the backwashing pump is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve, and the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the MBR. System.
如权利要求 1 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，其特征在于所述消毒装置为电解机、加氯***、二氧化氯消毒器、臭氧消毒***和紫外消毒器中的一种。Claims 1 The invention relates to a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device, characterized in that the disinfection device is one of an electrolysis machine, a chlorination system, a chlorine dioxide sterilizer, an ozone disinfection system and an ultraviolet sterilizer.
一种污水处理及再生循环利用方法，其特征在于，使用如权利要求 1 所述一种污水处理及再生循环利用装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：A sewage treatment and regeneration recycling method, characterized in that the use of claim 1 The invention relates to a sewage treatment and regeneration recycling device, and the method comprises the following steps:

1 ）生化处理：污水经截流井进入生化***，通过处理降低污水中的油脂、浮渣、 SS 、 COD 和 BOD ，使其各项指标达到 GB 18918-2002 《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》三级排放标准，再进入后续处理工序；1) Biochemical treatment: sewage enters the biochemical system through the intercepting well, and reduces the oil, scum, SS, COD and BOD in the sewage through treatment. , so that its indicators meet the GB 18918-2002 "Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Emission Standards" three-level emission standards, and then enter the subsequent processing procedures;

2 ）电解：将生化出水经水泵提取后，输入电解机中进行电解；2) Electrolysis: After the biochemical effluent is extracted by the water pump, it is input into the electrolysis machine for electrolysis;

3 ） MBR ***过滤：将经过电解***处理所得的净化污水经管道流入 MBR ***，进行 MBR ***处理分离得初级再生水；3) MBR system filtration: the purified sewage treated by the electrolysis system flows into the MBR system through the pipeline for MBR The system processes the separated primary reclaimed water;

4 ）电容脱盐和消毒：将经过 MBR ***过滤所得的初级再生水经过供水泵泵入电容脱盐装置，脱盐分离得透析水和浓缩水，透析水经过消毒装置后进入贮罐得再生水；4) Capacitor desalination and disinfection: will pass MBR The primary reclaimed water obtained by the system filtration is pumped into the capacitor desalination device through the water supply pump, and the dialysis water and the concentrated water are separated by desalting, and the dialysis water passes through the disinfection device and enters the storage tank to obtain the reclaimed water;

5 ）污泥处理：生化***产生的污泥进入污泥处理***，经过电解和接触反应破坏污泥的结构，破解微生物的细胞壁，微生物胞内物质流出，进入水相，使难降解的固体性物质变为易降解的溶解性物质，然后再通过污水泵回流至生物处理设备中，为微生物所循环利用；剩余污泥则进入污泥脱水装置得滤液和泥饼，滤液经管道回流至二沉池，而泥饼则外运。5 Sludge treatment: The sludge produced by the biochemical system enters the sludge treatment system, destroys the structure of the sludge through electrolysis and contact reaction, breaks the cell wall of the microorganism, and the microbial intracellular material flows out into the water phase, making the hardly degradable solid matter It becomes a degradable dissolved substance, and then is returned to the biological treatment equipment through the sewage pump to be recycled by the microorganisms; the excess sludge enters the sludge dewatering device to obtain the filtrate and the mud cake, and the filtrate is returned to the secondary sedimentation tank through the pipeline. The mud cake is shipped out.
如权利要求 11 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用方法，其特征在于在步骤 2 ）中，所述电解的电解槽的工作电压为 2 ～ 250V ，相邻两个电极间的电压为 2 ～ 18V ，电流密度为 3 ～ 400mA/cm² 。A sewage treatment and regeneration cycle utilization method according to claim 11, wherein in the step 2), the electrolytic electrolytic cell has an operating voltage of 2 to 250 V, and the voltage between the adjacent two electrodes is 2 ~ 18V, current density is 3 ~ 400mA / cm ² .
如权利要求 11 所述的一种污水处理及再生循环利用方法，其特征在于在步骤 4 ）中，所述电容脱盐的操作条件为直流电压 110V/m ~2 × 10⁶V/m 。A sewage treatment and regeneration cycle utilization method according to claim 11, wherein in the step 4), the operation condition of the capacitor desalination is a direct current voltage of 110 V/m to 2 × 10 ⁶ V/m.