WO2013161281A1 - 無線システムにおける周波数管理装置および周波数管理方法 - Google Patents
無線システムにおける周波数管理装置および周波数管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161281A1 WO2013161281A1 PCT/JP2013/002732 JP2013002732W WO2013161281A1 WO 2013161281 A1 WO2013161281 A1 WO 2013161281A1 JP 2013002732 W JP2013002732 W JP 2013002732W WO 2013161281 A1 WO2013161281 A1 WO 2013161281A1
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- frequency
- transmission power
- management device
- frequency management
- station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
- H04W52/367—Power values between minimum and maximum limits, e.g. dynamic range
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/50—TPC being performed in particular situations at the moment of starting communication in a multiple access environment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless system, and more particularly, to a frequency management apparatus and a frequency management method for managing frequency use of a wireless station.
- Cognitive radio that recognizes the surrounding radio environment and optimizes communication parameters according to the radio environment is known, but another radio communication system shares the frequency band allocated to one radio communication system It is necessary to consider the problem of interference.
- the primary system is the system to which the frequency band is originally allocated and suffers interference
- the secondary system is the system that gives interference by secondary use of the frequency band
- the primary system These receiving stations are called primary receiving stations, and the transmitting station of the secondary system is called a secondary transmitting station.
- the transmission power of the secondary transmission station needs to be adjusted to be equal to or lower than the maximum transmission power that allows the primary reception station to maintain a predetermined reception quality.
- the maximum transmission power is referred to as allowable transmission power
- actual transmission power adjusted to be equal to or less than the maximum transmission power is referred to as actual transmission power.
- CIR Carrier Interference Ratio
- CINR Carrier Interference plus Noise Ratio
- Patent Document 1 A system for controlling the transmission power of the secondary transmitting station so as not to interfere with the primary receiving station is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- a value obtained by equally dividing the interference power allowable in the primary reception station (hereinafter referred to as allowable interference power) by the number of secondary transmission stations is calculated, and interference by the secondary transmission station is equal to or less than the value.
- the allowable transmission power is calculated as follows. Thereby, the total interference by the plurality of secondary transmission stations is suppressed to be equal to or lower than the allowable interference power, and a predetermined reception quality can be maintained at the primary reception station even when the plurality of secondary transmission stations transmit simultaneously.
- the spectrum manager SM (coordinator in Patent Document 1) manages the frequency usage of the secondary transmission station Ts.
- the spectrum manager SM1 manages the secondary transmission stations Ts11 and Ts12
- the spectrum manager SM2 is the secondary transmission station. Ts21 and Ts22 are managed.
- the spectrum managers SM1 and SM2 share information on the secondary transmission stations Ts under their management via a common database DB (management node in Patent Document 1).
- DB management node in Patent Document 1
- two allowable transmission power determination processes of a centralized type and a cooperative distributed type are disclosed.
- the database DB calculates the allowable transmission power of all the secondary transmission stations Ts (Ts11, Ts12, Ts21, Ts22). The calculated allowable transmission power is notified to the managed secondary transmission station Ts via each spectrum manager SM.
- each spectrum manager SM shares information (for example, the total number of secondary transmission stations) regarding the secondary transmission stations Ts under its management via the database DB.
- Each spectrum manager eg, SM1 takes into account the interference that a secondary transmitting station (eg, Ts21, Ts22) managed by another spectrum manager (eg, SM2) gives to the primary receiving station, and is under its own management.
- the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station (for example, Ts11, Ts12) is calculated.
- Patent Document 1 has the following problems in each of the centralized type and the cooperative distributed type.
- the database DB calculates the allowable transmission power of each secondary transmission station, and this calculation is required every time the secondary transmission station Ts changes the frequency usage status. For example, considering a case where a new secondary transmission station Ts starts frequency sharing, a frequency use request from the secondary transmission station Ts is notified to the database DB via the spectrum manager SM. At this time, the database DB keeps a predetermined reception quality at the primary receiving station, and allows the new secondary transmitting station Ts to newly start transmission at the frequency, and to share other frequencies with the new secondary transmitting station Ts. The allowable transmission power with the secondary transmission station Ts is calculated.
- the database DB calculates the allowable transmission power each time. The processing load is concentrated on the database DB.
- the calculation contents of the allowable transmission power of each spectrum manager are duplicated, and there is a possibility of performing useless calculation processing.
- a plurality of primary receiving stations Rp here, Rp1, Rp2, Rp3 exist in the service area (primary system service area) of the primary transmitting station Tp.
- the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station Ts is determined so that all primary reception stations Rp can maintain a predetermined reception quality in consideration of interference from each secondary transmission station Ts to each primary reception station Rp. There is a need to.
- the m-th interference I m of the primary receiving station (1 ⁇ m ⁇ M) can be represented by the following formula (1).
- L n, m is a path loss from the n-th secondary transmitting station to the m-th primary receiving station, and is calculated using a propagation model such as a Hata formula.
- Equation (1) above assumes that the receiving antenna gain of the m-th primary receiving station is 1, and the influence of shadowing on the interference signal is also omitted.
- I max, m is the allowable interference power of the m-th primary receiving station, and the total interference value I m needs to be less than or equal to this value as shown in the inequality of equation (1).
- the allowable transmission power cannot be calculated independently for each secondary transmission station. That is, in the cooperative distributed type, the spectrum manager SM1 and the spectrum manager SM2 determine the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission stations under their management, so that both spectrum managers are the secondary transmission stations Ts11, Ts12, the secondary transmission stations Ts21, Ts22. The combination of allowable transmission power is searched. As a result, each spectrum manager SM1, SM2 performs the same calculation repeatedly.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to prevent the transmission station in the system on the interference side without concentrating the processing load and performing unnecessary processing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a frequency management method and apparatus and a radio system capable of efficiently determining the allowable transmission power.
- a frequency management device is a frequency management device that manages the frequency usage of a radio station in a radio system that shares a frequency allocated to another radio system, and the frequency management device uses the frequency from the radio station managed by the frequency management device.
- a frequency use accepting unit that accepts notification regarding a change in status, and an allowable transmission power for at least one radio station managed by a frequency management device different from the frequency management device based on the notified change in frequency status And an allowable transmission power setting means for setting.
- the frequency management method is a frequency management method for managing the frequency usage of a radio station in a radio system sharing a frequency allocated to another radio system, wherein the frequency usage accepting unit manages the frequency management device.
- a notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status is received from the radio station, and the allowable transmission power setting means manages at least one managed by a frequency management device different from the frequency management device based on the notified change of the frequency status
- An allowable transmission power is set for the radio station.
- a radio communication system according to the present invention is a radio system that shares a frequency allocated to another radio system, and a plurality of radio stations that share the frequency, and a plurality of radio stations that manage frequency use of the plurality of radio stations.
- a frequency management device and when the first frequency management device receives a notification regarding a change in frequency usage status from a radio station managed by the first frequency management device, the first frequency management device is based on the notified change in the frequency status.
- An allowable transmission power is set for at least one radio station managed by a second frequency management device different from the device.
- the present invention it is possible to efficiently determine the allowable transmission power of a transmission station in a system on the side of giving interference without concentrating the processing load on a part and without performing unnecessary processing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic system configuration diagram for explaining the background art.
- FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram for explaining the radio communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a management area configuration of the wireless system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the frequency management device (spectrum manager) according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the spectrum manager shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing an operation when there is a transmission start request in the wireless system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing an operation when there is a transmission stop notification in the wireless system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic system configuration diagram for explaining the background art.
- FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram for explaining the radio communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a management area configuration of the wireless
- FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing an operation when there is a transmission start request in the wireless system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a frequency management device (spectrum manager) according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a frequency management device (spectrum manager) according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a frequency management device (spectrum manager) according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the fourth
- FIG. 15 is a graph of interference power density for explaining the influence on adjacent frequencies in the wireless communication system according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a system configuration diagram for explaining a radio system according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a primary system of a wireless system according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a sequence diagram showing an operation when there is a measurement report in the wireless system according to the seventh embodiment.
- the frequency management device receives a frequency usage status from a wireless station under its management.
- a notification about the change is received, not only the allowable transmission power of the radio station under its own management but also the allowable transmission power of the radio station under the management of another frequency management apparatus is calculated, and only the radio station under its own management
- the calculation result of the allowable transmission power is also notified to the radio station managed by another device.
- the primary system is, for example, a TV broadcasting system and the secondary system is, for example, a cellular system
- the secondary transmitting station can be, for example, a base station, a relay station, or a terminal station in a cellular system.
- the frequency sharing mode in which the primary system is TV broadcast is called TV white space use.
- this configuration is merely an example, and the combination of the primary system and the secondary system is not limited to such a configuration.
- the combination of the primary system and the secondary system may be, for example, a combination of a TV system and a WRAN (Wireless Regional Access Network) system, or a combination of a TV system and a local radio such as a local government or a disaster prevention radio.
- the primary system may be a wireless microphone or a special purpose radio (for example, a housing radio, an in-house radio, an agricultural radio, etc.)
- the secondary system is a wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
- the present invention is not necessarily limited to only a combination of wireless systems having different priorities when using frequencies, such as a primary system and a secondary system, and it is assumed that frequencies are shared in wireless systems having the same priority. It may be a configuration.
- a plurality of wireless systems may exist as secondary systems.
- the plurality of secondary transmission stations used in the following description do not necessarily belong to the same radio system, and may be transmission stations belonging to different secondary systems.
- a spectrum manager as a frequency management device of a secondary system is not only a secondary transmitting station under the management of the spectrum manager, but also other spectrums.
- the calculated transmission power value can be notified to the secondary transmission station managed by the manager.
- a case where two spectrum managers have two secondary transmission stations under their management will be described as an example.
- the radio system includes a secondary transmitting station 20 (20_1 to 20_4), a spectrum manager 50 (50_1, 50_2), and a radio environment database 30. It is assumed that communication is established with a secondary transmission station managed by another spectrum manager.
- the secondary transmitting station 20 communicates with a secondary receiving station (not shown) sharing the frequency of the primary system.
- a secondary receiving station (not shown) sharing the frequency of the primary system.
- the primary system is TV broadcast
- a plurality of frequencies (TV channels) are candidates for sharing.
- a secondary transmission station 20 notifies a start request to the spectrum manager 50 that manages its own station before starting the frequency sharing, the spectrum manager 50, as will be described later, the available frequencies and the allowable frequencies at those frequencies.
- the transmission power is notified to each secondary transmission station as information.
- the start request of the secondary transmission station 20 can include other information (device ID, position, antenna height, antenna directivity) regarding the secondary transmission station 20, and information on these secondary transmission stations 20 Are registered in the spectrum manager 50 and the radio environment database 30.
- the usable frequency refers to a frequency that the spectrum manager 50 permits the secondary transmitting station 20 to use. For example, when the secondary transmitting station 20 is outside the primary system service area 12 of a certain frequency, or when it is a predetermined distance away from the end of the primary system service area 12, the frequency is used by the secondary transmitting station 20 Possible frequency. The secondary transmitting station 20 is permitted to transmit at an available frequency if the actual transmission power is equal to or lower than the allowable transmission power determined by the spectrum manager. As will be described later, the usable frequency is determined by the spectrum manager 50 in addition to the condition that the secondary transmitting station 20 is outside the primary system service area 12 and uses the frequency of the primary system service area 12. A frequency that satisfies another condition can also be used.
- the actual use frequency described later refers to the frequency that the secondary transmitting station actually uses for transmission. That is, the secondary transmitting station actually uses one (or a plurality of) frequencies among the available frequencies notified from the spectrum manager as the actual usable frequencies. After receiving the notification about the available frequency and its allowable transmission power, the secondary transmission station 20 determines the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power, and starts communication. Further, when the secondary transmission station 20 stops using the frequency, the secondary transmission station 20 may notify the spectrum manager 50 to that effect.
- the actual utilization frequency and actual transmission power determined by the secondary transmission station 20 may or may not be notified to the spectrum manager 50.
- the spectrum manager 50 manages only the available frequency and the allowable transmission power without grasping the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20. Therefore, the secondary transmitting station 20 can freely change the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power within the allowable range or within the allowable range, and can flexibly change the frequency usage.
- the spectrum manager 50 does not have information on the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power, it is difficult to grasp the interference state, and as a result, conservative frequency sharing is performed with the allowable transmission power held low.
- the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power are not notified will be described, and the case where the notification is notified will be described later as a second embodiment.
- Radio Environment Database Information stored in the radio environment database 30 is, for example, as follows.
- Predetermined information about the primary system for example, information on the position of the primary transmitting station 10, service area, transmission power, antenna height, antenna directivity, position of the primary receiving station 11, antenna height, antenna directivity, etc. Information about).
- the primary system is a TV broadcasting system, there are innumerable TV receiving stations and it is difficult to grasp all of them, so typical values are used for the height of the antenna and the antenna directivity. It is assumed that the TV receiving stations exist in a grid pattern (for example, a grid with an interval of 100 m) on the map.
- the spectrum manager controls the transmission power of the secondary transmission station so that the reception quality of the assumed TV reception station is maintained at a predetermined level.
- the primary receiving station 11 represents this assumed TV receiving station, and the spectrum manager 50 calculates allowable transmission power for this assumed TV receiving station.
- Predetermined information on the secondary system for example, information on the device ID, position, antenna height, antenna directivity, etc. of the secondary transmitting station 20. These pieces of information are registered via the spectrum manager 50 when the secondary transmitting station 20 accesses the spectrum manager 50 (when a request for starting use of a frequency is issued).
- Path loss information between different radio stations For example, the path loss between the secondary transmitting station 20 and the primary receiving station 11 or between the primary transmitting station 10 and the primary receiving station 11 is preliminarily determined using a predetermined propagation model using the distance between radio stations and the antenna height as parameters. Estimate and store.
- the radio environment database 30 provides the stored information to the request source (for example, the spectrum manager 50) as necessary.
- the radio environment database 30 may be a device in which some or all of the functions of the spectrum manager 50 are integrated. Conversely, some or all of the functions of the radio environment database 30 are integrated in the spectrum manager 50. May be.
- the spectrum manager 50 has a function of calculating the allowable transmission power at each frequency to the secondary transmission station 20 and notifying the available frequency and the allowable transmission power. For example, the frequency that cannot be used is set to an allowable transmission power of 0 [W], and the available frequency is set to an allowable transmission power that is larger than 0 [W] and is notified to the secondary transmission station. Can be notified.
- the spectrum manager 50 receives a notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status from the managed secondary transmission station, and the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station managed by the spectrum manager and the secondary transmission managed by another spectrum manager.
- the allowable transmission power with the station is calculated.
- “notification regarding change in frequency usage status” refers to a request to start frequency usage, a notification to stop frequency usage, a request to change transmission power, a request to change frequency, or a measurement report of a radio environment.
- the spectrum manager 50 may be called Geo-location Database or White Space Database as another name integrated with the wireless environment database 30 or a part thereof.
- the wireless environment database 30 or a part thereof may be referred to as Geo-location-Database or White Space Database.
- the spectrum manager 50 can manage the secondary transmitting station 20 for each geographical area.
- the secondary transmission stations 20_1 and 20_2 are included in the management area A50_1 of the spectrum manager 50_1, and these secondary transmission stations are managed by the spectrum manager 50_1.
- the other spectrum managers 50_2, 50_3, 50_4 are also managed areas (A50_2, A50_3, A50_4) and secondary transmission stations to be managed (20_3 and 20_4, 20_5 and 20_6, 20_7 and 20_8) included in each area.
- Each. More specifically, each management area A50 corresponds to a prefecture unit or a country unit.
- the spectrum manager to be managed can be determined specific to the secondary transmitting station. For example, when the spectrum manager managed by the manufacturer of the secondary transmitting station is defined, when the spectrum manager managed according to the provider providing the wireless service to the secondary transmitting station is defined, the radio system (LTE of the secondary transmitting station) , WiMAX, etc.), a spectrum manager to be managed may be determined. Furthermore, as another example, the spectrum manager may manage each frequency used by the secondary transmission station, which will be described in another embodiment.
- the spectrum manager 50 includes a network communication unit 501, a frequency use reception unit 502, a database information storage unit 503, and an allowable transmission power determination unit 504.
- the network communication unit 501 has a function for each unit of the spectrum manager 50 to communicate with the secondary transmission station 20 and the wireless environment database 30.
- the frequency usage accepting unit 502 accepts a notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status from the secondary transmitting station 20 under the management of the spectrum manager 50 via the network communication unit 501. For example, when receiving a frequency use start request, the frequency use receiving unit 502 stores information (device ID, position, antenna height, antenna directivity, etc.) related to the secondary transmission station 20 included in the request information as database information. Registration is performed in the storage unit 503 and the wireless environment database 30. Subsequently, the frequency usage receiving unit 502 instructs the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 to calculate the allowable transmission power. Similarly, when receiving another notification (for example, notification of frequency use suspension), the frequency use accepting unit 502 instructs the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 to calculate the allowable transmission power.
- another notification for example, notification of frequency use suspension
- the database information storage unit 503 holds information acquired from the wireless environment database 30 and information acquired from the secondary transmission station 20. When each secondary transmitting station that is using the frequency does not notify the spectrum manager 50 of the actual used frequency, the spectrum manager 50 cannot grasp which frequency each secondary transmitting station 20 is using. The available frequency is stored in the database information storage unit 503.
- the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 When the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 receives an instruction for calculating the allowable transmission power from the frequency use receiving unit 502, the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 appropriately extracts information necessary for calculating the allowable transmission power from the database information storage unit 503 and calculates the information.
- Information necessary for the calculation includes the position of the primary transmitting station 10 described above, the service area, the transmission power, the height of the antenna, the information on the antenna directivity, the position of the primary receiving station 11, the height of the antenna, and the antenna directivity. , Allowable interference power, device ID of secondary transmission station 20, position, antenna height, antenna directivity, and part or all of path loss information between various radio stations, etc. May be stored in advance in the allowable transmission power setting unit 504.
- the permissible transmission power determination unit 504 calculates the permissible transmission power at each frequency for each of the secondary transmission stations 20. Specifically, the secondary transmitting station that issued the notification regarding the change in the frequency usage status (for example, that issued a request to start using the frequency), another secondary under the management of the spectrum manager 50 and already using the frequency. Allowable transmission power is calculated for each of the transmitting station and each of the secondary transmitting stations that are already using the frequency under the management of another spectrum manager.
- the spectrum manager 50 is provided with a control unit that controls the overall operation, and the network communication unit 501, the frequency use reception unit 502, the database information storage unit 503, and the permission described above.
- the operation of the transmission power determination unit 504 is controlled.
- the functions of the control unit, the frequency use accepting unit 502, and the allowable transmission power setting unit 504 can also be realized by executing a program stored in a memory (not shown) on a computer (CPU or program control processor). .
- the available frequency is a frequency of the primary system service area 12 when the secondary transmission station 20 is outside the primary system service area 12 or when it is a predetermined distance away from the end thereof. By checking this condition for all frequencies (for example, all channels of TV), all available frequencies can be specified.
- the allowable transmission power is determined as follows.
- the allowable transmission power in the n secondary transmission station uses a frequency f i P (n, f i)
- the allowable transmission power in the 0 secondary transmitting station uses a frequency f i that reports the start request If P (0, f i ), the interference I (f i , m) to the m-th primary receiving station is calculated by the following equation (2), and this interference I (f i , m) is the allowable interference power I It is necessary to be not more than max (f i , m).
- L (n, f i, m) represents the path loss of the frequencies f i between the n-th secondary transmitting station and the m primary receiving station.
- This path loss is calculated by using a propagation model such as an equation using information of the secondary transmitting station (position, antenna height, etc.) and information of the primary receiving station (position, antenna height, etc.). This path loss calculation can be calculated by the allowable transmission power determination unit 504 or when the wireless environment database 30 registers the secondary transmission station information.
- This combination of satisfying P (n, f i) is usually present in numerous and can be determined by any policy allowed transmission power setting section 504. For example, it can be determined by a combination that maximizes the total communication capacity of the secondary transmission stations, a combination of allowable transmission powers that considers fairness between the secondary transmission stations, or the like.
- the search for the combination of allowable transmission powers is performed at frequencies f 1 to f I , and combinations of allowable transmission powers of the secondary transmission stations are obtained for each frequency.
- the permissible transmission power determination unit 504 obtains the information on the permissible transmission power of each frequency calculated in this way, under the control of the secondary transmission station 20 that is the frequency use start request source and the spectrum manager 50 and is already using the frequency. Notification is given to the secondary transmitting station and the secondary transmitting station that is under the control of another spectrum manager and is already using the frequency.
- the spectrum manager 50 does not necessarily have to notify the secondary transmitting station 20 of all available frequencies. That is, some frequencies may be selected from the available frequencies and notified to the secondary transmitting station 20, and the remaining frequencies may be set to an unusable number (allowable transmission power is 0). Examples of selection criteria include selecting a frequency with a permissible transmission power equal to or higher than a certain threshold as an available frequency, selecting a predetermined number of frequencies as a usable frequency from the higher permissible transmission power, and other secondary transmission stations. It is possible to select a predetermined number of frequencies as the usable frequency from the smaller number set as the usable frequency.
- the number of usable frequencies that should be substantially taken into consideration when calculating the expression (2) is smaller than in the case of notifying all the usable frequencies.
- a larger allowable transmission power can be allocated to the secondary transmission station that newly starts using the frequency.
- the frequency usage reception unit 502 of the spectrum manager 50 notifies the frequency transmission status change (frequency) from the secondary transmitting station 20 under the management of the spectrum manager 50 through the network communication unit 501.
- a use start request or a use stop notification is received (operation S10).
- the frequency use receiving unit 502 acquires information necessary for calculating the allowable transmission power from the database information storage unit 503 (operation S11).
- the information necessary for this calculation includes the position of the primary transmitting station 10, the service area, the transmission power, the height of the antenna, the information on the antenna directivity, the position of the primary receiving station 11, and the height of the antenna. , Antenna directivity, allowable interference power, device ID of the secondary transmission station 20, position, antenna height, antenna directivity, and path loss between various radio stations.
- the frequency use receiving unit 502 accesses the wireless environment database 30 through the network communication unit 501, and only the missing information is stored. Is acquired from the wireless environment database 30 (operation S13).
- the allowable transmission power determination unit 504 When all necessary information is stored in the database information storage unit 503 (YES in operation S12) or when insufficient information is acquired (operation S13), the allowable transmission power determination unit 504 The secondary transmission station 20 that has received a request for calculation of the allowable transmission power from the usage reception unit 502 and has issued a notification regarding the change in the frequency usage status, and another secondary that is under the management of the spectrum manager and is already using the frequency Calculate the permissible transmission power for each frequency for the transmitting station and the secondary transmitting station that is under the control of another spectrum manager and is already using that frequency, and send the calculated permissible transmission power to each secondary transmitting station. Notification is made (operation S14).
- the secondary transmission station 20_1 transmits a notification regarding the change in the frequency usage status, and the secondary transmission station 20_2 under the management of the same spectrum manager 50_1 and the secondary transmission stations 20_3 and 20_4 under the management of another spectrum manager 50_2. Assume that the same frequency is in use.
- the secondary transmission station 20_1 notifies the spectrum manager 50_1 of a request to start using the frequency (operation S101)
- the spectrum manager 50_1 acquires insufficient information from the radio environment database 30 and stores information as necessary. Registration is performed (operation S102).
- the spectrum manager 50_1 calculates the allowable transmission power of each frequency for each secondary transmission station 20 (operation S103), and not only the secondary transmission stations 20_1 and 20_2 under the management of the spectrum manager. The calculation results are also notified to the secondary transmitting stations 20_3 and 20_4 under the control of the spectrum manager (operation S104).
- Secondary transmission station 20_1 determines the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power using the available frequency notified from spectrum manager 50_1 and its allowable transmission power (operation S105), and starts communication sharing the frequency. Further, the secondary transmission station 20_2 under the management of the same spectrum manager 50_1 and the secondary transmission stations 20_3 and 20_4 under the management of another spectrum manager 50_2 will change the actual use frequency and the actual transmission frequency as the notified allowable transmission power changes. If necessary, the transmission power is changed (operations S106, S107, S108), and the frequency sharing communication is continued.
- ⁇ Frequency stop> In FIG. 7, when the secondary transmitting station 20_1 notifies the spectrum manager 50_1 to stop using the frequency (operation S110), the spectrum manager 50_1 registers in the wireless environment database 30 that the secondary transmitting station 20_1 has stopped, and the like. Information necessary for calculating the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission stations 20_2 to 20_4 is acquired from the radio environment database 30 (operation S111). The calculation of the allowable transmission power is performed by using an expression excluding the term relating to the secondary transmission station 20_1 in the above-described expression (2).
- Each of the secondary transmitting stations 20_2 to 20_4 holds the notified value of the allowable transmission power, and changes the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power according to the change of the allowable transmission power if necessary (operations S114 and S115). , S116), communication by frequency sharing is continued.
- the spectrum manager accepts notifications regarding changes in the frequency usage status (frequency usage start request and usage stop notification) only from the managed secondary transmitting station,
- the allowable transmission power is calculated. Since the plurality of secondary transmission stations are divided and managed by the plurality of spectrum managers, it is possible to avoid notifications regarding changes in the frequency usage status from being concentrated on a specific spectrum manager. That is, since the calculation opportunities for the allowable transmission power are not concentrated, the calculation opportunities can be distributed among a plurality of spectrum managers.
- a spectrum manager when a spectrum manager receives a notification about a change in frequency usage status from a managed secondary transmitting station, the spectrum manager is under the control of another spectrum manager in addition to the managed secondary transmitting station.
- the allowable transmission power of a certain other secondary transmission station is also calculated and notified. Accordingly, there is no redundant calculation process between different spectrum managers. That is, according to this embodiment, when calculating the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station, it is possible to eliminate duplicate calculation processing while avoiding concentration of processing load.
- the present invention can be applied in the same manner even when other criteria (keeping CIR and CINR above a predetermined value) are used.
- the allowable transmission power can be set so that the degree of deterioration of the CIR or CINR of the primary receiving station caused by transmission at the secondary transmitting station is suppressed to a predetermined value or less.
- the system configuration shown in FIG. 2 is an example for explaining the first embodiment, and the present invention is not limited to this.
- the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power are notified when the secondary transmitting station 20 starts frequency sharing, requests a change in the actual transmission power during frequency sharing, or requests a change in the actual usage frequency. It is time to do. In this case, since the spectrum manager 50 grasps the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power of each secondary transmission station 20, it becomes easier to grasp the interference state given by the secondary transmission station 20, and more actively frequency sharing is performed. Can do.
- the spectrum manager 50_1 calculates the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20_1 (operation S123).
- the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20 that already uses the frequency of the primary system. Is stored in the wireless environment database 30 or the database information storage unit 503. Therefore, on the premise that each secondary transmitting station (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) already using the frequency is using the stored actual use frequency, the spectrum manager 50_1 is notified of the secondary transmitting station 20_1 that has notified the start request and other transmitting stations. The allowable transmission power with the secondary transmission stations (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) is determined.
- the calculation method of the allowable transmission power is basically the same as that of the first embodiment in which the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power are not notified.
- allowable transmission power provided the conditions for no more than the transmission power desired value to be described later (P Desired) (P (n , f i) ⁇ P Desired).
- this condition is not set for secondary transmission stations for which the desired value of transmission power is not set.
- Permitted transmission power satisfies the condition P (n, f i) of the condition and the equation (2) relating to the desired value of the transmission power is searched as a combination of.
- allowable transmission power setting unit 504 determines whether there are innumerable combinations of allowable transmission power.
- allowable transmission power setting unit 504 determines whether the combination of allowable transmission powers with a smaller amount of deterioration compared to.
- the desired transmission power value (P Desired ) described above can be set as follows.
- the spectrum manager 50_1 receives the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power determined by the secondary transmission station 20_1, the spectrum manager 50_1 compares the transmission power desired by the secondary transmission station 20_1 with the allowable transmission power.
- the desired transmission power is lower than the allowable transmission power
- the actual transmission power is set to a value lower than the allowable transmission power.
- the spectrum manager 50_1 holds the notified actual transmission power as a desired value of the transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20_1.
- the desired transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20_1 is larger than the allowable transmission power
- the actual transmission power is set to a value equal to the allowable transmission power.
- the secondary transmission station 20_1 does not set a desired value of transmission power.
- the desired value of the transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20_1 may be notified to the spectrum manager.
- the calculated allowable transmission power of each frequency of the secondary transmission station 20_1 is notified to the secondary transmission station 20_1 (operation S124).
- the secondary transmitting station 20_1 determines the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power based on the allowable transmission power for each frequency (Operation S125). Secondary transmitting station 20_1 notifies spectrum manager 50_1 of the determined actual usage frequency and actual transmission power (operation 126).
- the spectrum manager 50_1 Upon receiving the notification of the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power, the spectrum manager 50_1 registers the notified actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power in the wireless environment database 30 (operation S127).
- the spectrum manager 50_1 compares the actual transmission power notified by the secondary transmission station 20_1 with the allowable transmission power at the actual usage frequency, and the allowable transmission power of the other secondary transmission stations (20_2, 20_3, 20_4). It is determined whether to recalculate (operation 128). As a result of the comparison, if the two match, the actual transmission frequency notified from the secondary transmitting station 20_1 is used from the already calculated combinations of allowable transmission powers without recalculating the allowable transmission power. A combination of cases is selected, and this allowable transmission power information is notified to the other secondary transmission stations (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) (operation 129).
- the actual transmission power is smaller than the allowable transmission power, and the allowable transmission power calculated in the other secondary transmission stations (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) does not satisfy the desired transmission power value.
- the allowable transmission power is recalculated.
- the reason why the allowable transmission power is recalculated is that when the secondary transmission station 20_1 uses an actual transmission power lower than the allowable transmission power, there is a margin for the limitation of the allowable interference power. This is because it can be assigned to other secondary transmitting stations that do not satisfy the desired value.
- the desired transmission power of the secondary transmission station 20_1 and the secondary transmission station having the allowable transmission power equal to the desired transmission power is fixed as the allowable transmission power, and the allowable transmission power is equal to the transmission power.
- the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station that does not satisfy the desired value is calculated again.
- the spectrum manager 50_1 notifies the calculated allowable transmission power information to the other secondary transmission stations (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) (operation 129).
- the spectrum manager 50_1 returns a confirmation notification for the notification of the actual usage frequency and the actual transmission power to the secondary transmission station 20_1 (operation S130), and the secondary transmission station 20_1 thereby starts transmission.
- each secondary transmitting station (20_2, 20_3, 20_4) already using the frequency holds the notified allowable transmission power value as a new set value, and the actual usage frequency and actual frequency are changed along with the change of the allowable transmission power. If it is necessary to change the transmission power, these are changed and transmission is continued (operations S131, S132, S133).
- the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station to which a small allowable transmission power is allocated can be increased by setting the allowable transmission power so as not to exceed the desired value of the transmission power of the secondary transmission station. Can be made.
- the allowable transmission power can be increased by allocating the interference margin generated for the limitation of the allowable interference power to other secondary transmission stations whose allowable transmission power does not satisfy the desired value.
- the secondary transmitting station may notify the spectrum manager of a plurality of frequencies including the actual utilization frequency among the usable frequencies as frequencies that can be used.
- the secondary transmission station can notify the spectrum manager of transmission power that is larger than the actual transmission power and smaller than the allowable transmission power.
- the secondary transmission station changes the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power within the notified frequency and transmission power range
- the spectrum manager changes the interference power of Expression (2) among the notified frequency and transmission power.
- the secondary transmitting station can secure the flexibility of changing the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power within the notified frequency and transmission power range, and the spectrum manager can provide the frequency and transmission power with high possibility.
- the interference power can be estimated by limiting to the above.
- a frequency use start request is assumed as the “notification regarding change in frequency use status”, but a frequency use stop notification may be used as described in the first embodiment.
- the request for transmission power change is notified to the spectrum manager when it is desired to change the actual transmission power once determined by the secondary transmission station. For example, it corresponds to a case where the secondary transmission station increases transmission power for coverage expansion or a case where the secondary transmission station decreases transmission power for power saving.
- the frequency change request is notified to the spectrum manager when it is desired to change the actual use frequency once determined by the secondary transmitting station. For example, it corresponds to a case where interference from another secondary system to the secondary system is increased at the actual use frequency of the secondary transmission station.
- the spectrum manager must manage the secondary transmitting station that issued the notification and the spectrum manager. For each secondary transmission station that is already using the frequency and another secondary transmission station that is under the management of another spectrum manager and is already using the frequency, the allowable transmission power at each frequency is calculated. Is the same.
- the radio communication system includes a secondary transmission station 20 (20_1 to 20_4), a spectrum manager 51 (51_1, 51_2), and a radio environment database 30.
- Each spectrum manager is communicably connected to a secondary transmission station under its control, and further, spectrum managers 51_1 and 51_2 are communicably connected.
- the other secondary transmission station 20 when the allowable transmission power of another secondary transmission station 20 (for example, 20_3, 20_4) that is not under the management of the spectrum manager 51 (for example, 51_1) is calculated, the other secondary transmission station 20 is managed. Notifying another spectrum manager 51 (for example, 51_2) as a target of the allowable transmission power that is the calculation result, and the other spectrum manager 51 may change the allowable transmission power that is the calculation result to another secondary transmission station (for example, 20_3, 20_4). Since the configuration and operation of the secondary transmission station 20 and the radio environment database 30 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- the spectrum manager 51 according to the present embodiment is basically the same as the spectrum manager 50 according to the first embodiment.
- the secondary transmission station when the allowable transmission power as a calculation result is received from another spectrum manager, the secondary transmission station under its management. The point of transferring to is different.
- the configuration and operation of the spectrum manager 51 will be described using the spectrum manager 51_1 as an example.
- the spectrum manager 51_1 is basically the same as the spectrum manager 50 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, except that the network communication unit 511 has an interface to the other spectrum manager 51_2. Different. Further, as another different point, when the allowable transmission power regarding the secondary transmission station under the management of the spectrum manager 51_1 calculated by the other spectrum manager 51_2 is received, this information is stored in the database information storage unit 513 and then managed by itself. The lower secondary transmission station 20 (20_1 or 20_2) is notified of the allowable transmission power. With such a configuration, the spectrum manager 51_1 can grasp information on the managed secondary transmission stations 20_1 and 20_2.
- the radio system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a secondary transmission station 20 (20_1 to 20_4) and a spectrum manager 52 (52_1, 52_2). The difference is that the radio environment database 30 is not provided outside the spectrum manager 52.
- FIG. 12 shows the configuration of the spectrum manager 52 in the system configuration of FIG. 11, but here, the configuration of the spectrum manager 52_1 is exemplified.
- the spectrum manager 52_1 has a radio environment database 523 therein. That is, each of the plurality of spectrum managers 52 has a wireless environment database 523. Therefore, each spectrum manager 52 has a function of synchronizing information stored in each wireless environment database 523 by communicating with each other through the network communication unit 521.
- the system can be operated in the same manner as in the first to third embodiments described above. Can do.
- the fifth embodiment of the present invention calculates the allowable transmission power using an interference reachable area that is a geographical interference reachable range of the secondary transmitting station. For the sake of clarity, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.
- the spectrum manager 50 when a certain secondary transmitting station changes the frequency usage status (starting frequency usage, stopping frequency usage, etc.), the spectrum manager 50 is a secondary managed by another spectrum manager.
- the allowable transmission power including the transmitting station is calculated and notified.
- the secondary transmission stations that need to be considered as a calculation target are limited to increase the calculation efficiency.
- the expression (2) described in the first embodiment is obtained by the following expression (3) when the set of indexes n of the secondary transmission stations to be calculated is S ⁇ ⁇ 1, 2,. Can be rewritten as:
- Expression (3) if the number of secondary transmission stations to be calculated (the number of elements of S) can be reduced, the amount of calculation for searching for a combination of allowable transmission powers can be reduced.
- the interference arrival area indicates an area where interference substantially reaches geographically when the secondary transmission station transmits at the maximum transmission power.
- the “maximum transmission power” means the upper limit value of the transmission power due to the hardware limit of the secondary transmission station, or the upper limit value of the range of transmission power permitted by the frequency rule or the like when sharing the frequency (the allowable transmission power Maximum value).
- the spectrum manager 50 knows the allowable transmission power, so the “maximum transmission power” may be set as the allowable transmission power, and the spectrum manager 50 manages the actual transmission power. In this case, the “maximum transmission power” may be the actual transmission power.
- the interference reachable area refers to an area that depends on the maximum transmission power and the path loss from the secondary transmission station to the surroundings and is estimated to be equal to or greater than a threshold ITh that is considered to be a sufficiently small value of the interference power.
- the interference arrival area may be simply determined within a predetermined distance.
- primary receiving stations 11_1 to 11_3 exist in the primary service area 12 of the primary transmitting station 10, and secondary transmitting stations 20_0 to 20_4 are in the vicinity of the primary service area 12.
- the secondary transmission stations 20_0 to 20_4 have interference arrival areas IA20_0 to IA20_4, respectively.
- the primary receiving station 11 is assumed to exist in a grid pattern in the primary system service area 12, there are actually other stations, but here, for convenience of explanation, adjacent secondary stations 11 exist. Only the primary receiving stations 11_1 to 11_3 that overlap with the interference arrival area of the transmitting station are illustrated.
- a method of calculating the allowable transmission power when the secondary transmission stations 20_1 to 20_4 are already using the frequency and the secondary transmission station 20_0 newly starts using the frequency will be described.
- the secondary transmission station 20_0 starts transmission with the maximum transmission power
- the primary system service area 12 by considering the overlap between the primary system service area 12 and the interference arrival area, it is possible to further reduce the number of secondary transmission stations to be calculated.
- the primary receiving station 11_1 is further within the interference arrival area IA20_1, and the primary receiving station 11_3 is within the interference arrival area IA20_3. Therefore, it is the interference arrival areas IA20_1 and IA20_3 that the total amount of interference from the plurality of secondary transmission stations to the primary reception station due to the transmission by the secondary transmission station 20_0 is allowed, and these secondary transmission stations are allowed.
- the transmission power is calculated.
- the primary receiving stations 11_1 to 11_3 are taken into consideration, and the allowable transmission power combinations of the secondary transmitting stations 20_0, 20_1, and 20_3 are obtained.
- a primary receiving station other than the primary receiving stations 11_1 to 11_3 (the overlapping area of the interference reaching area IA20_1 and the primary system service area 12, or the overlapping of the interference reaching area IA20_1 and the primary system service area 12).
- a primary receiving station (not shown) existing in the area can also be protected from interference.
- unnecessary secondary transmission stations can be reduced from the calculation target of the allowable transmission power by considering the interference arrival area. Specifically, secondary transmission stations that do not overlap the interference transmission area with the secondary transmission station that has issued the notification regarding the change in the frequency usage situation are excluded from the calculation target of the allowable transmission power. Thereby, only the secondary transmission station where the total value of interference increases can be calculated as the allowable transmission power.
- the other secondary transmitting station is calculated as the allowable transmission power. Exclude from the target. Thereby, only the secondary transmitting station whose total value of interference of the secondary transmitting station affects the interference with the primary receiving station can be set as the calculation target of the allowable transmission power.
- the spectrum manager manages secondary transmission stations for each frequency. Further, the allowable transmission power is calculated in consideration of the interference arrival frequency that is the interference arrival range in the frequency direction of the secondary transmission station. For the sake of clarity, only differences from the fifth embodiment will be described.
- the spectrum manager manages notifications regarding changes in the frequency usage status of the secondary transmitting station (frequency usage start request, frequency usage stop, etc.) for each frequency. That is, for the spectrum manager, the secondary transmitting station that performs notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status at the management target frequency corresponds to the managed secondary transmitting station in the fifth embodiment.
- the secondary transmitting station transmits at frequencies f1 to f8 and is managed by the spectrum manager for each transmission frequency.
- the management targets of the spectrum manager 60_1 are the center frequencies f1 and f2
- the management targets of the spectrum manager 60_2 are the center frequencies f3 and f4
- the management targets of the spectrum manager 60_3 are the center frequencies f5 and f6, and the spectrum manager 60_4.
- the management objects are center frequencies f7 and f8.
- each secondary transmission station has an interface with each spectrum manager 60 that manages different frequencies. With this configuration, each secondary transmission station can notify any spectrum manager 60 of a request to start using the frequency.
- FIG. 15 shows a state in which the secondary signals having the frequencies f3 and f7 as the center frequencies interfere with the adjacent frequencies. Interference with the primary reception station using the adjacent frequency is determined by the adjacent channel leakage power ratio leaking from the transmission frequency of the secondary transmission station to the adjacent frequency and the reception filter of the primary reception station centering on the adjacent frequency. Adjacent channel selectivity that partially captures signals in the frequency band occurs in combination.
- the spectrum manager 60 that manages a predetermined frequency receives a notification issued from the secondary transmitting station 20 regarding the change in the frequency usage status for the frequency, and allows the secondary transmitting station that uses the frequencies that affect each other as an object of calculation. The power is calculated and notified to each secondary transmitting station.
- the secondary transmission station 20 that is the target of calculation of the allowable transmission power is limited by setting the management target of the spectrum manager 60 as a continuous frequency as in this embodiment.
- adjacent frequencies for a plurality of channels on both sides may be managed by the same spectrum manager 60.
- a plurality of secondary transmission stations to be calculated can be managed by the same spectrum manager, and related information is aggregated in the same spectrum manager, thereby reducing the number of accesses to the radio environment database 30 for obtaining necessary information. Efficiency can be achieved.
- the interference I (f j , m) to the m-th primary receiving station using the frequency f j is the allowable interference power I max ( f j , m) or less.
- ⁇ (f j ⁇ f i ) is a coefficient representing the degree of interference according to the frequency difference f j ⁇ f i , and is determined according to the above-mentioned adjacent channel leakage power ratio and adjacent channel selectivity. .
- ⁇ (0) 1
- ⁇ (f j ⁇ f i ) decreases and becomes 0 when the frequency difference exceeds f j ⁇ f j + k.
- the expression (4) indicates that the frequency f i ′ for the n-th secondary transmitting station is not an available frequency (or an actual used frequency when the actual used frequency is notified to the spectrum manager).
- the allowable transmission power of the n-th secondary transmission station (1 ⁇ n ⁇ N) that already uses the frequency the allowable transmission power obtained as a combination and the allowable transmission power that has been used so far
- the smaller one is newly set as the allowable transmission power.
- the interference of the nth secondary transmission station selected as the calculation target affects the primary reception station (frequency f i ⁇ 2k ⁇ (Primary receiving station using f i ⁇ k ⁇ 1 and f i + k + 1 to f i + 2k ) can be protected from interference.
- the spectrum manager when a spectrum manager performs management of secondary transmission stations by frequency and a certain secondary transmission station issues a notification regarding a change in frequency usage status, the spectrum manager according to the frequency. Calculates the allowable transmission power. Therefore, since the spectrum manager to be managed is different for each frequency, it is possible to avoid the notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status from being concentrated on a specific spectrum manager. That is, since the calculation opportunities for the allowable transmission power are not concentrated, the calculation opportunities can be distributed among a plurality of spectrum managers.
- the spectrum manager receives a notification regarding the change in the frequency usage status of the secondary transmitting station, in addition to the secondary transmitting station that uses the managed frequency as the center frequency, if necessary, the frequency managed by another spectrum manager Other secondary transmitting stations that use this also calculate and notify the allowable transmission power. Therefore, there is no redundant calculation process between different spectrum managers.
- unnecessary secondary transmission stations can be reduced from the calculation target of the allowable transmission power.
- secondary transmission stations that do not overlap interference arrival frequencies with secondary transmission stations that make notifications regarding changes in frequency usage status are excluded from the calculation target of allowable transmission power. Thereby, only a required secondary transmission station can be made into the calculation object of allowable transmission power.
- the sixth embodiment can be combined with the fifth embodiment already described. Specifically, only the secondary transmission station that performs notification related to the change in frequency usage status and another secondary transmission station that overlaps with the interference arrival area and overlaps with the interference arrival frequency are subject to calculation of allowable transmission power. it can.
- the allowable transmission power is calculated by the spectrum manager receiving a notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status from the secondary transmission station.
- the spectrum manager according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention calculates the allowable transmission power by receiving the measurement report of the wireless environment from the sensor station. For the sake of clarity, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.
- the sensor station in this embodiment is used for monitoring radio waves in the surrounding wireless environment.
- the sensor station measures interference from the secondary transmitting station to the primary receiving station.
- the spectrum manager can grasp the interference state more accurately by causing the arranged sensor station to perform interference measurement.
- the sensor station can be used not only for interference by the secondary transmission station but also for grasping the reception status of the primary system by measuring the primary signal transmitted from the primary transmission station.
- the sensor station may be a dedicated sensor for radio wave monitoring, or equivalent to another radio station (for example, a base station, a relay station, a terminal, etc. of a cellular system that is a secondary system). It is also possible to use these functions.
- the wireless system includes a sensor station 85 (85_1, 85_2, 85_3, 85_4), a spectrum manager 80 (80_1, 80_2), and a secondary transmission station 20 (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4). , And the wireless environment database 30.
- the spectrum manager 80_1 manages the secondary transmission stations 20_1 and 20_2, and the spectrum manager 80_2 manages the secondary transmission stations 20_3 and 20_4.
- the spectrum manager 80_1 manages the sensor stations 85_1 and 85_2, and the spectrum manager 80_2 manages the sensor stations 85_3 and 85_4.
- the spectrum manager that manages the sensor station can be determined according to the position of the sensor station, uniquely for each sensor station (manufacturer, etc.), or according to the frequency measured by the sensor station. .
- FIG. 17 shows an arrangement example of the sensor stations 85 (85_1, 85_2, 85_3, 85_4). Each sensor station is arranged around the primary receiving stations 11_1, 11_2, and 11_3, but there may be other sensor stations (not shown). Moreover, each secondary transmitting station 20 (20_1,20_2,20_3,20_4) is assumed to use the same frequency f 1.
- Each sensor station measures the interference power from the secondary transmitting station at each position.
- measurement of individual interference power for each secondary transmission station and measurement of total interference power by a plurality of secondary transmission stations can be considered, but either may be used in the present embodiment.
- the sensor station measures the individual interference power for each secondary transmission station, and for the sake of simplicity, description will be given focusing only on the sensor station 85_1.
- Sensor stations 85_1 is disposed on the periphery of the primary receiving station 11_1 is performed interference measured at a frequency f 1. This interference measurement may be performed periodically or in accordance with an instruction from the spectrum manager 80_1.
- this interference power measurement value is an individual interference measurement value indicating the interference power of each secondary transmitting station (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4).
- each secondary transmitting station (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4) notifies the spectrum manager 80_1 of the actual use frequency and the actual transmission power (see the second embodiment)
- the actual transmission power of each secondary transmission station By using the path loss, the interference power around the primary receiving station 11_1 can be estimated.
- the path loss estimated based on the propagation model has an error from the actual path loss due to the influence of topography, features, and the like. Therefore, by comparing the interference power estimated based on the propagation model with the interference power of the measurement report, each secondary transmission station (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4) to the periphery of the primary reception station 11_1 (or the sensor station 85_1). It is possible to actually correct the path loss up to
- the spectrum manager 80_1 obtains necessary information from the wireless environment database 30 and registers the information (operation S202), and then receives the primary information from each secondary transmitting station (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4).
- the path loss up to the receiving station 11_1 is measured and corrected, and the allowable transmission power is calculated using the new path loss (operation S203).
- the calculated allowable transmission power is notified to each secondary transmission station (20_1, 20_2, 20_3, 20_4) (operation S204).
- the allowable transmission power is changed as necessary in each secondary transmission station (operations S205 to S208), and communication using frequency sharing is continued.
- the spectrum manager receives the measurement report of the radio environment from the managed sensor station as the notification regarding the change of the frequency usage status, and is different from the managed secondary transmission station. Calculate and notify the allowable transmission power with the secondary transmission station under the spectrum manager management.
- the spectrum manager that manages itself is different for each sensor station, it is possible to avoid concentration of radio environment measurement reports to a specific spectrum manager. That is, since the calculation opportunities for the allowable transmission power are not concentrated, the calculation opportunities can be distributed among a plurality of spectrum managers.
- the corresponding spectrum manager may have another secondary managed by another spectrum manager.
- the allowable transmission power of the transmitting station is also calculated and notified. Therefore, there is no redundant calculation process between different spectrum managers. Therefore, when calculating the allowable transmission power of the secondary transmission station, it is possible to eliminate redundant calculation processing while avoiding concentration of processing load.
- the primary system and the secondary system may be different RATs (Radio Access Technology) or the same RAT.
- different RATs include a combination of a TV broadcast system and a cellular system as described above.
- the case where the primary system is a macro cell and the secondary system is a femto cell installed therein can be cited.
- the spectrum manager and the radio environment database may be a system different from the secondary system that provides frequency management for a plurality of secondary systems, It may be a part of the secondary system.
- the spectrum manager in the first to seventh embodiments described above can also be embodied as predetermined hardware, for example, a circuit. Further, it can be configured to be controlled and operated by a computer circuit (not shown) (for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit)) according to a control program.
- a computer circuit for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- these control programs are stored in, for example, a storage medium (for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a hard disk) or an external storage medium (for example, a removable medium or a removable disk). And read and executed by the computer circuit.
- a storage medium for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a hard disk
- an external storage medium for example, a removable medium or a removable disk.
- the present invention can be applied to frequency usage management when a frequency assigned to a TV broadcasting system is used in a cellular system.
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Abstract
Description
本発明による周波数管理方法は、他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムにおける無線局の周波数利用を管理する周波数管理方法であって、周波数利用受付手段が、当該周波数管理装置の管理する無線局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付け、許容送信電力設定手段が、前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、前記周波数管理装置とは別の周波数管理装置が管理する少なくとも1つの無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする。
本発明による無線通信システムは、他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムであって、前記周波数を共有する複数の無線局と、前記複数の無線局の周波数利用を管理する複数の周波数管理装置と、を有し、第1周波数管理装置が自装置の管理する無線局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付けると、当該通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、第1周波数管理装置とは別の第2周波数管理装置の管理する少なくとも1つの無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする。
1.1)システム構成
本発明の第1実施形態によれば、セカンダリシステムの周波数管理装置としてのスペクトルマネージャは、当該スペクトルマネージャの管理下のセカンダリ送信局だけでなく、他のスペクトルマネージャが管理するセカンダリ送信局に対しても送信電力の計算値を通知することができる。以下、説明を簡略化するために、2つのスペクトルマネージャがそれぞれの管理下に2つのセカンダリ送信局を有する場合を一例として説明する。
利用可能周波数とは、スペクトルマネージャ50がセカンダリ送信局20による使用を許可した周波数をいう。例えば、セカンダリ送信局20が、ある周波数のプライマリシステムサービスエリア12外であるとき、または、そのプライマリシステムサービスエリア12の端から所定距離離れているときに、当該周波数がそのセカンダリ送信局20にとって利用可能周波数である。セカンダリ送信局20は、利用可能周波数では、スペクトルマネージャによって定められた許容送信電力以下の実送信電力であれば送信することが許可される。また、後述するように、利用可能周波数は、セカンダリ送信局20がプライマリシステムサービスエリア12外にあって当該プライマリシステムサービスエリア12の周波数を利用するという条件に加えて、スペクトルマネージャ50によって定められた別の条件を満たす周波数とすることもできる。
セカンダリ送信局20が決定した実利用周波数と実送信電力は、スペクトルマネージャ50に通知されない場合と通知される場合とがある。実利用周波数および実送信電力が通知されない場合、スペクトルマネージャ50はセカンダリ送信局20の実利用周波数と実送信電力を把握せずに利用可能周波数と許容送信電力のみを管理する。したがって、セカンダリ送信局20は利用可能あるいは許容範囲内で実利用周波数と実送信電力を自由に変更でき、柔軟に周波数利用を変更できる。しかしながら、スペクトルマネージャ50は、実利用周波数と実送信電力の情報がないので、干渉状況を把握しにくく、結果として許容送信電力を低めに抑えた保守的な周波数共用となる。以下、本実施形態では、実利用周波数および実送信電力が通知されない場合について説明し、通知される場合は第2実施形態として後述する。
無線環境データベース30に格納される情報は、例えば以下の通りである。
・プライマリシステムに関する所定情報(例えば、プライマリ送信局10の位置、サービスエリア、送信電力、アンテナの高さ、アンテナの指向性に関する情報、プライマリ受信局11の位置、アンテナの高さ、アンテナ指向性等に関する情報など)。ここで、プライマリシステムがTV放送システムの場合には、TV受信局は無数にあり全てを把握するのは困難であるから、アンテナの高さやアンテナ指向性については典型値が用いられ、TV受信局の位置については地図の上で格子状(例えば100m間隔の格子)にTV受信局が存在するものと仮定される。本実施形態によるスペクトルマネージャは、この想定TV受信局の受信品質が所定レベルに維持されるようにセカンダリ送信局の送信電力を制御する。以下、プライマリ受信局11はこの想定TV受信局を表すものとし、スペクトルマネージャ50はこの想定TV受信局に対して許容送信電力を計算するものとする。
スペクトルマネージャ50は、セカンダリ送信局20に対して各周波数における許容送信電力を算出し、利用可能周波数とその許容送信電力を通知する機能を有する。たとえば、利用不可である周波数は許容送信電力を0[W]とし、利用可能周波数は許容送信電力を0[W]より大きくしてセカンダリ送信局に通知することで、許容送信電力により利用可能周波数を通知することができる。
以下、許容送信電力の計算方法を説明するが、ここでは当該スペクトルマネージャ50の管理下で既に周波数利用中であるセカンダリ送信局と、別のスペクトルマネージャの管理下で既に周波数利用中であるセカンダリ送信局と、を区別なくインデックスn=1~Nとして表すものとする。
図5において、スペクトルマネージャ50の周波数利用受付部502は、ネットワーク通信部501を通して、スペクトルマネージャ50の管理下にあるセカンダリ送信局20から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知(周波数利用の開始要求あるいは利用停止の通知)を受け付ける(動作S10)。
図6および図7を参照しながら、セカンダリ送信局20_1および20_2がスペクトルマネージャ50_1により管理され、セカンダリ送信局20_3および20_4がスペクトルマネージャ50_2により管理される場合の無線システム全体の動作を説明する。
図6において、セカンダリ送信局20_1が周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を送信し、同じスペクトルマネージャ50_1の管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_2と別のスペクトルマネージャ50_2の管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_3および20_4とが同じ周波数を使用中であるとする。この状態で、周波数利用の開始要求をセカンダリ送信局20_1がスペクトルマネージャ50_1に対して通知すると(動作S101)、スペクトルマネージャ50_1は、必要に応じて無線環境データベース30からの不足情報の取得および情報の登録を行う(動作S102)。必要な情報が全て揃えば、スペクトルマネージャ50_1は、各セカンダリ送信局20に関する各周波数の許容送信電力を計算し(動作S103)、当該スペクトルマネージャの管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_1および20_2だけでなく別のスペクトルマネージャの管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_3および20_4に対しても計算結果を通知する(動作S104)。
図7において、セカンダリ送信局20_1がスペクトルマネージャ50_1に対して周波数利用の停止を通知すると(動作S110)、スペクトルマネージャ50_1は、無線環境データベース30にセカンダリ送信局20_1が停止したことを登録し、他のセカンダリ送信局20_2~20_4の許容送信電力を計算するために必要な情報を無線環境データベース30から取得する(動作S111)。許容送信電力の計算は、上述した式(2)において、セカンダリ送信局20_1に関する項を除いた式を用いて行う。すなわち、セカンダリ送信局20_1のインデックスをn=0とすれば、式(2)から第1項のP(0、fi)/L(0、fi、m)を除き、スペクトルマネージャ50_1の管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_2と、スペクトルマネージャ50_2の管理下のセカンダリ送信局20_3および20_4の許容送信電力を計算し(動作S112)、その結果をセカンダリ送信局20_2~20_4へ通知する(動作113)。
以上説明した第1実施形態によれば、スペクトルマネージャは、周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知(周波数利用の開始要求や利用停止の通知)を管理下のセカンダリ送信局からのみ受け付け、許容送信電力の計算を行う。複数のセカンダリ送信局は、複数のスペクトルマネージャにより分割管理されているので、特定のスペクトルマネージャに対して周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知が集中することが避けられる。即ち、許容送信電力の計算機会が集中することがないため、計算機会を複数のスペクトルマネージャ間で分散できる。
上述した第1実施形態では実利用周波数および実送信電力がスペクトルマネージャへ通知されない場合を説明したが、第2実施形態では通知される場合を説明する。実際の周波数利用状況(実利用周波数および実送信電力)を使用することで積極的に周波数共用を行うことができる。
本発明の第2実施形態によるシステム構成は、図2~図4に示す第1実施形態の構成と同様であるから、同じ参照番号を付して説明は省略する。
図8において、セカンダリ送信局20_1による開始要求(動作S121)および無線環境データベース30からの必要情報の取得および情報の登録(動作S122)は、図6の動作S101およびS102と同じである。
以上の通りに、スペクトルマネージャに対して実利用周波数と実送信電力の通知を行い、これら情報を用いてセカンダリ送信局の許容送信電力を決定することで、通知を行わずに利用可能周波数を用いて許容送信電力を決定する場合と比べて、より正確な利用状況に基づいた干渉推定が可能となる。具体的には、式(2)の干渉電力を想定する際に、実際に各周波数を利用しているセカンダリ送信局のみを考慮できるようになり、周波数を使う可能性はあるが(利用可能周波数ではあるが)実際には利用していないセカンダリ送信局を除くことができる。これによって、実際には存在しない干渉を考慮しなくてすむので、より大きな許容送信電力をセカンダリ送信局に割当てることや、より多くのセカンダリ送信局に同一周波数を共用させることが可能になる。
図9に示すように、本発明の第3実施形態による無線通信システムは、セカンダリ送信局20(20_1~20_4)、スペクトルマネージャ51(51_1、51_2)、無線環境データベース30で構成され、各スペクトルマネージャは自身の管理下のセカンダリ送信局との間で通信可能に接続され、さらにスペクトルマネージャ51_1と51_2とが通信可能に接続されている。
図11に示すように、本発明の第4実施形態による無線システムは、セカンダリ送信局20(20_1~20_4)、スペクトルマネージャ52(52_1、52_2)で構成され、第2実施形態との相違点は、スペクトルマネージャ52の外部に無線環境データベース30を持たない点である。
本発明の第5実施形態は、第1実施形態と異なり、セカンダリ送信局の地理的な干渉到達範囲である干渉到達エリアを用いて許容送信電力を算出する。説明を明瞭にするため、第1実施形態と異なる点についてのみ説明する。
本発明の第6実施形態によれば、スペクトルマネージャはセカンダリ送信局を周波数毎に管理する。さらに、セカンダリ送信局の周波数方向の干渉到達範囲である干渉到達周波数を考慮して許容送信電力を算出する。説明を明瞭にするため、第5実施形態と異なる点についてのみ説明する。
上述した第1~6の実施形態では、スペクトルマネージャがセカンダリ送信局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付けることで許容送信電力を算出した。これに対して、本発明の第7実施形態によるスペクトルマネージャは、センサ局からの無線環境の測定報告を受けることで許容送信電力を計算する。説明を明瞭にするため、第1実施形態と異なる点についてのみ説明する。
従って、セカンダリ送信局の許容送信電力を計算する際に、処理負荷が集中することを回避しながら、重複した計算処理を排除できる。
以上説明した第1~第7実施形態によれば、セカンダリ送信局の許容送信電力を計算する際に、処理負荷が集中することを回避しながら、スペクトルマネージャ間で重複した計算処理を排除できる。
なお、本発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で様々な変形や応用が可能である。
11、11_1~11_3 プライマリ受信局
12 プライマリシステムサービスエリア
20、20_0~20_8 セカンダリ送信局
IA20_0~IA20_4 干渉到達エリア
30 無線環境データベース
40、40_1、40_2、50、50_1、50_2、51、51_1、51_2、52、52_1、52_2、60_1~60_4、80、80_1、80_2 スペクトルマネージャ
A50_1~A50_4 スペクトルマネージャの管理エリア
85、85_1~85_4 センサ局
501、511、521 ネットワーク通信部
502、512、522 周波数利用受付部
503、513 データベース情報記憶部
523 無線環境データベース
504、514、524 許容送信電力設定部
Claims (28)
- 他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムにおける無線局の周波数利用を管理する周波数管理装置であって、
当該周波数管理装置が管理する無線局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付ける周波数利用受付手段と、
前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、前記周波数管理装置とは別の周波数管理装置が管理する少なくとも1つの無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する許容送信電力設定手段と、
を有することを特徴とする周波数管理装置。 - 前記許容送信電力設定手段は、前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、さらに、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段は、前記通知を送信した無線局と前記周波数を使用中の無線局とに対して許容送信電力をそれぞれ設定することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記許容送信電力は、前記他の無線システムに与える干渉が所定閾値を超えないように決定されることを特徴とする請求項1-3のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段は、前記周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局および前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局の干渉到達範囲に基づいて許容送信電力の設定対象となる無線局を限定することを特徴とする請求項1-4のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記干渉到達範囲が空間的な干渉到達エリアおよび/または周波数方向の干渉到達周波数範囲であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局が配置されるエリアと、前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する無線局が配置されるエリアとは異なることを特徴とする請求項1-6のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記周波数管理装置が管理する前記周波数と前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する周波数とは異なることを特徴とする請求項1-7のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記周波数利用受付手段は、無線局の位置、許容送信電力の計算対象の周波数、あるいは予め定められた基準に応じて、前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付ける無線局を決定することを特徴とする請求項1-8のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段は、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局および前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局が前記他の無線システムへ与える干渉の測定値を用いて前記許容送信電力を設定することを特徴とする請求項1-9のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知は、前記周波数管理装置が管理するセンサ局からの前記干渉測定報告であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知は、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局からの周波数利用の開始要求、周波数利用停止の通知、送信電力変更の要求、あるいは、周波数変更の要求のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1-11のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段は、前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する無線局に対して、直接あるいは前記別の周波数管理装置を介して、前記許容送信電力を通知することを特徴とする請求項1-12のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理装置。
- 他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムにおける無線局の周波数利用を管理する周波数管理方法であって、
周波数利用受付手段が、当該周波数管理装置の管理する無線局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付け、
許容送信電力設定手段が、前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、前記周波数管理装置とは別の周波数管理装置が管理する少なくとも1つの無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、
ことを特徴とする周波数管理方法。 - 前記許容送信電力設定手段が、前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、さらに、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段が、前記通知を送信した無線局と前記周波数を使用中の無線局とに対して許容送信電力をそれぞれ設定する、ことを特徴とする請求項14または15に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記許容送信電力は、前記他の無線システムに与える干渉が所定閾値を超えないように決定されることを特徴とする請求項14-16のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段が、前記周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局および前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局の干渉到達範囲に基づいて許容送信電力の設定対象となる無線局を限定する、ことを特徴とする請求項14-17のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記干渉到達範囲が空間的な干渉到達エリアおよび/または周波数方向の干渉到達周波数範囲であることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記周波数管理装置が管理する周波数と前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する周波数とは異なることを特徴とする請求項14-19のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記周波数利用受付手段が、無線局の位置、許容送信電力の計算対象の周波数、あるいは予め定められた基準に応じて、前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付ける無線局を決定することを特徴とする請求項14-20のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段が、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局および前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する各無線局が前記他の無線システムへ与える干渉の測定値を用いて前記許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする請求項14-21のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知は、前記周波数管理装置が管理するセンサ局からの前記干渉測定報告であることを特徴とする請求項22に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知は、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局からの周波数利用の開始要求、周波数利用停止の通知、送信電力変更の要求、あるいは、周波数変更の要求のいずれかであることを特徴とする14-23のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 前記許容送信電力設定手段が、前記別の周波数管理装置が管理する無線局に対して、直接あるいは前記別の周波数管理装置を介して、前記許容送信電力を通知する、ことを特徴とする14-24のいずれか1項に記載の周波数管理方法。
- 他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムであって、
前記周波数を共有する複数の無線局と、
前記複数の無線局の周波数利用を管理する複数の周波数管理装置と、
を有し、第1周波数管理装置が自装置の管理する無線局から周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を受け付けると、当該通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、第1周波数管理装置とは別の第2周波数管理装置の管理する少なくとも1つの無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする無線システム。 - 前記第1周波数管理装置が、前記通知された周波数状況の変更に基づいて、さらに、前記周波数管理装置が管理する無線局に対して許容送信電力を設定する、ことを特徴とする請求項25に記載の無線システム。
- 他の無線システムに割り当てられた周波数を共用する無線システムにおける無線局であって、
当該無線局を管理する第1周波数管理装置に対して周波数利用状況の変更に関する通知を送信する手段と、
前記第1周波数管理装置とは別の第2周波数管理装置から直接に、あるいは前記第2周波数管理装置から前記第1周波数管理装置を介して、受信した許容送信電力設定値に基づいて許容送信電力を設定する手段と、
を有することを特徴とする無線局。
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