WO2013155870A1 - 电磁继电器及开关装置 - Google Patents

电磁继电器及开关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013155870A1
WO2013155870A1 PCT/CN2013/000431 CN2013000431W WO2013155870A1 WO 2013155870 A1 WO2013155870 A1 WO 2013155870A1 CN 2013000431 W CN2013000431 W CN 2013000431W WO 2013155870 A1 WO2013155870 A1 WO 2013155870A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
contact
armature
movable
static
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000431
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张晓宁
胡协力
Original Assignee
泰科电子(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 泰科电子(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 泰科电子(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2013155870A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013155870A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/42—Auxiliary magnetic circuits, e.g. for maintaining armature in, or returning armature to, position of rest, for damping or accelerating movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/56—Contact spring sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2227—Polarised relays in which the movable part comprises at least one permanent magnet, sandwiched between pole-plates, each forming an active air-gap with parts of the stationary magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay and a switching device. Background technique
  • a magnetically held electromagnetic relay is an electrical control device that has an interaction between a control system (also known as an input circuit) and a controlled system (also known as an output circuit).
  • the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay is generally composed of a core, a coil, a yoke, an armature, a permanent magnet, a contact spring, and the like.
  • the working principle is as follows: a certain voltage is applied to both ends of the coil, a certain current flows through the coil, thereby generating an electromagnetic effect, and the armature moves under the interaction force of the electromagnetic force and the permanent magnet, thereby driving the movable contact and the static Contact contact, turn on the circuit being controlled.
  • the electromagnetic suction When the coil is de-energized, the electromagnetic suction also disappears, and the armature is attracted to the yoke by the permanent magnet to remain in the contact-on state.
  • the armature moves in the opposite direction under the interaction force of the electromagnetic force and the permanent magnet, thereby driving the movable contact to be disconnected from the stationary contact and disconnecting the controlled circuit.
  • the coil When the coil is interrupted, the armature is held in a state in which the movable contact is separated from the stationary contact by the permanent magnet.
  • Relays typically have two circuits, a low voltage control circuit and a high voltage operating circuit. The low voltage or small current through which the electromagnetic coil passes is high voltage or large current that is passed through the control circuit.
  • a typical use of magnetically held electromagnetic relays is in smart meters.
  • the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay for smart meters is required to withstand 30 times of rated current for a short time.
  • One of the structures is that a forward current is passed through the electromagnetic coil, and the movable contact on the moving spring is brought into contact with the static contact on the static current-carrying plate to turn on the controlled circuit.
  • the electromagnetic coil is connected to the control circuit by passing a reverse current to separate the movable contact on the moving spring from the stationary contact on the static current-carrying plate.
  • the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed pass current, the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed will generate an electromagnetic field.
  • the electromagnetic fields generated by the static carrier plate and the moving reed each will act on each other. Force, that is, Ampere. Ampere is caused by Lorentz force. According to the right-hand rule, the direction of the electromagnetic field generated by the respective currents in the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed can be judged. According to the left-hand rule, the direction of the ampere force that the static carrier plate and the moving reed are subjected to can be judged. If the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed have the same current direction, the ampere force of the two can make the moving contact and the static contact more closely contact. If the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed have opposite current directions, the ampere forces they receive have a tendency to separate the moving contact from the stationary contact.
  • the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed current direction are the same; or the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed current are opposite in direction, but only applied to the controlled circuit.
  • the field of current is smaller.
  • Some smart meters have a rated current of 80A and a short-time current of 30 times the rated current. If the rated current is large, then at 30 times the rated current, the static current-carrying plates and moving reeds with opposite current directions are subjected to an ampere force greater than the pressure between the moving reed and the static current-carrying plate, which is sufficient for moving contacts and static contact.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay that can reduce the influence of Ampere force in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
  • the electromagnetic relay includes: a fixedly disposed static carrier plate, the static carrier plate has a first end and a second end, and the first end of the static carrier plate is provided with Static contact; movable spring at least one end movable, said moving spring a movable contact is disposed on the sheet; the movable spring is at least provided with one end of the movable contact movable to contact the movable contact and can be separately disposed; wherein the static current is A magnetic conductive plate is disposed between the plate and the moving spring plate, and the magnetic conductive plate is disposed on the static current carrying plate, on the moving spring plate or between the static current carrying plate and the moving spring plate and does not move with the static current carrying plate a position at which the reed contacts; when the movable contact is in contact with the static contact to turn on a current, the magnetic conductive plate can reduce an ampoule between the static current-carrying plate and the movable reed.
  • the moving spring has a first end and a second end, and the movable contact is disposed at the first end; the distance between the first end and the static current carrying plate is smaller than the second end The distance from the static carrier plate.
  • the direction in which the static current-carrying plate extends from the provision of the static contact is the same as the direction in which the movable spring automatic contact extends, when the movable contact contacts the static contact to turn on the current.
  • the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed have a current opposite to each other. 5 ⁇
  • the width of the static current-carrying plate is one-half to 1.5 times the width of the static current-carrying plate.
  • the width of the magnetic conductive plate is the same as the width of the static current carrying plate. 5 ⁇ The width of the static current-carrying plate is less than 1.5 times the width of the static current-carrying plate.
  • the moving spring has a first segment opposite to the static current-carrying plate and a second segment opposite to the static current-carrying plate; the first segment and the second segment are connected by the third segment; The distance between the first segment and the static current-carrying plate is smaller than the distance between the second segment and the static current-carrying plate; the movable contact is disposed on the first segment; the magnetic conductive plate is disposed on the static contact Between the second end and the second end; the length of the magnetic conductive plate extending from the static contact is greater than or equal to the distance between the movable contact and the third segment.
  • the length of the magnetic conductive plate is less than or equal to the distance between the movable contact and the second segment.
  • the electromagnetic relay further comprises a fixedly arranged take-off plate, the second section of the movable spring is fixedly connected to the lead-out plate; the movable spring is arranged to be close to the static load current of the first section of the movable contact
  • the plate may be disposed away from the static current-carrying plate; the lead-out plate and the static carrier plate form two lead-out terminals.
  • the length of the magnetic conductive plate does not change in the width direction of the static current-carrying plate.
  • the electromagnetic relay further includes a housing, the housing is provided with a cavity; the static current-carrying plate is disposed on the housing, the first end is located in the cavity, and the second end is located in the cavity
  • the movable spring is disposed in the cavity, and the lead-out plate is disposed on the housing, and the two ends of the lead-out plate are respectively located in the cavity and outside the cavity; one end of the movable spring that is not provided with the movable contact is connected with the lead-out plate;
  • An electromagnetic component is disposed in the cavity; the electromagnetic component drives the moving reed to move to contact and separate the movable contact from the stationary contact.
  • the magnetic conductive plate is a soft magnetic material plate.
  • the magnetic conductive plate is an iron plate.
  • a switch device comprising: a housing, the housing is provided with a cavity; a fixed static carrier plate, the static carrier plate has a One end and the second end, the first end of the static current-carrying plate is provided with a static contact; the first end of the static contact is disposed in the cavity, and the second end not provided with the static contact is located outside the cavity; a movable reed, the movable end of the movable spring is disposed in the cavity; the movable end of the movable spring is provided with a movable contact; and the movable end of the movable spring moves to move the movable a contact is in contact with the static contact and can be separated; a magnetic conductive plate, the magnetic conductive plate is
  • the drive member is an electromagnetic drive member.
  • the electromagnetic driving component comprises a coil, a core, a yoke and an armature; the coil is disposed around the iron core, the yoke is connected to the iron core, and the armature has magnetic properties;
  • the coil is energized, the iron core and the yoke generate magnetism; the armature is moved by the magnetic drive of the yoke after the magnetic yoke generates magnetism; the moving armature drives the movable reed Set one end of the moving contact to move.
  • the yoke includes an L-shaped first yoke and an L-shaped second yoke; a first end of the L-shaped first yoke is connected to a first end of the iron core, the L-shaped a first end of the second yoke is coupled to the second end of the core; the armature includes a first armature, the first armature is rotatably disposed; and when the coil is energized, the first armature is Both ends are attracted and repelled by the second end of the L-shaped first yoke and the second end of the L-shaped second yoke, respectively.
  • the armature further includes a second armature, the first armature is disposed in linkage with the second armature and has a gap therebetween; the second end of the L-shaped first yoke is located at the first armature and the a gap between the second armatures; a second end of the L-shaped second yoke being located in a gap between the first armature and the second armature; when the coil is energized, the L The second end of the first yoke has the same force direction of the first armature and the second armature on both sides thereof, and the second end of the L-shaped second yoke is on the two sides thereof
  • the first armature and the second armature have the same force direction, and the L-shaped first The second end of the yoke and the second end of the L-shaped second yoke are opposite in direction of the first armature force on the same side thereof, the second end of the L-shaped first yoke and the second end The second end of the first
  • the first armature and the second armature are magnetically opposite.
  • the first armature and the second armature are disposed on a fixing frame; the fixing frame is provided with a pivot, and the pivot is located between the first armature and the second armature, And located between the second end of the L-shaped first yoke and the second end of the L-shaped second yoke; the pivot is rotatably disposed in the cavity;
  • the movable reed is provided with one end of the movable contact for driving connection.
  • the method further includes a push plate, wherein the cavity is provided with a sliding slot; the push plate is movable in the sliding slot to make the push plate only close and away from the movable contact
  • the static contact moves in the direction.
  • the armature holder is provided with a push rod; one end of the push plate is connected to one end of the movable spring, and the other end is connected to the push rod; the push rod can be driven by the push plate
  • the moving spring is moved at least at one end.
  • the fixing frame is provided with a permanent magnet; the first armature and the second armature are both iron plates; and the first armature and the second armature respectively are opposite to the permanent magnet End contact.
  • the moving spring has a first end and a second end, the movable contact is disposed at a first end of the moving spring; the first end of the moving spring and the static current
  • the distance of the plate is less than the distance between the second end of the moving spring and the static carrier plate.
  • the static current-carrying plate extends from the direction in which the static contact is disposed and the movable reed The direction extending from the movable contact is the same, and when the movable contact is in contact with the static contact to turn on a current, the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed have a current opposite to each other.
  • the width of the static current-carrying plate is one-half to 1.5 times the width of the static current-carrying plate.
  • the width of the magnetic conductive plate is the same as the width of the static current carrying plate. 5 ⁇
  • the width of the static current-carrying plate is less than 1.5 times the width of the static current-carrying plate.
  • the moving spring has a first segment opposite to the static current carrying plate and a second segment opposite to the static current carrying plate; the first segment and the second segment pass through a third a distance between the first segment and the static current-carrying plate is smaller than a distance between the second segment and the static current-carrying plate; the movable contact is disposed on the first segment;
  • the length of the magnetic plate is greater than or equal to the length of the first segment between the movable contact and the second segment.
  • the length of the magnetic conductive plate is less than or equal to a distance between the movable contact and the second segment.
  • the electromagnetic relay further includes a fixedly arranged take-off plate, the second segment of the movable spring is fixedly connected to the lead-out plate; and the movable spring is provided with the first segment of the movable contact Adjacent to the static current-carrying plate and disposed away from the static current-carrying plate; the ejecting plate and the static current-carrying plate constitute two lead terminals of the switching device.
  • the width of the magnetic conductive plate is constant.
  • the magnetic conductive plate is a soft magnetic material plate. More preferably, the magnetic conductive plate is an iron plate.
  • the switching device is a magnetic holding electromagnetic relay.
  • the driving component comprises a fixing frame, the fixing frame is pivotally disposed in the cavity; the fixing frame is provided with a push rod, and the push rod passes through the push plate and the moving spring a movable end of the piece is connected to the drive; the housing is provided with a through hole; the push rod passes through the through hole and the one end thereof is located outside the cavity; the push rod is movable in the through hole At least one end of the moving spring is driven by the push plate.
  • the magnetic conductive plate is located between the static current-carrying plate and the moving reed, that is, during the transmission path of the magnetic field generated by the static current-carrying plate or the moving reed, when the magnetic field is transmitted to
  • the magnetic field changes the transmission direction and is transmitted along the magnetic conductive plate, so that the magnetic conductive plate can reduce the electromagnetic field strength generated by the moving reed transmitted to the static current-carrying plate, and also reduce the static current-carrying plate transmitted to the moving reed.
  • the intensity of the generated electromagnetic field reduces the ampere force on the static carrier plate and the moving reed.
  • the ampere reduction is reduced to ensure that the moving reed always keeps the moving contact in contact with the stationary contact. Even if the rated current of the controlled circuit is large and the circuit is 30 times the rated current for a short time, the moving reed can keep the moving contact in contact with the static contact, prevent the relay and the switching device from being damaged, and play the control function of the relay and the switching device.
  • the electromagnetic relay and the switching device of the invention have a simple structure and can withstand a short-time current of 30 times the rated current.
  • the invention can reduce the influence of the amperage force, maintain the safety of the electromagnetic relay and the switch device, and broaden the application fields of the relay and the switch device of the structure in which the static current-carrying plate and the dynamic reed current are opposite in direction, thereby avoiding the existing static load.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic holding electromagnetic relay in the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a magnetic holding electromagnetic relay in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a magnetic holding electromagnetic relay in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay in the present invention when no movable member is provided.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a movable member in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a movable member in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a switch member in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of the static carrier plate in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the movable spring in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the first use state of the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay in the present invention.
  • the electromagnetic relay 100 includes a housing 110, and the housing 110 is provided with a cavity 120.
  • the electromagnetic module 200 shown in FIG. 5, the rotatable member 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and the switch member 900 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 are disposed in the cavity 120.
  • the electromagnetic assembly includes a coil 210, a core 220, an L-shaped first yoke 230, and an L-shaped second yoke 240.
  • the coil 210 is disposed around the core 220 and is electrically connected to the two pins (211, 212).
  • Two pins (211, 212) are fixedly disposed on the housing 110.
  • the two pins (211, 212) can be respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the power source to generate a current in the coil 210.
  • Generated in coil 210 At the time of current, the core 220 is made magnetic, and the first end 221 of the core is magnetically opposite to the second end 222.
  • the first end 221 of the core is magnetically opposite; the second end 222 of the core is also magnetically opposite.
  • the first end 231 of the L-shaped first yoke is coupled to the first end 221 of the core, and the magnetic force of the first end 221 of the core is transferable to the second end 232 of the L-shaped first yoke.
  • the first end 241 of the L-shaped second yoke is coupled to the second end 222 of the core, and the magnetic force of the second end 222 of the core is transferable to the second end 242 of the L-shaped second yoke.
  • the movable member 300 includes a holder 310, a permanent magnet 320, a first armature 330, and a second armature 340.
  • the permanent magnet 320, the first armature 330 and the second armature 340 are fixed to the fixing frame 310. There is a gap between the first armature 330 and the second armature 340. As shown in FIG. 7, the first armature 330 and the second armature 340 are located on the right and left sides of the permanent magnet 320, respectively. The first armature 330 and the second armature 340 are both iron plates, and the two are in contact with the left and right ends of the permanent magnet 320, respectively. The first armature 330 and the second armature 340 thus have opposite magnetic properties.
  • the second end 232 of the L-shaped first yoke is located between the first armature 330 and the second armature 340, and the second end 242 of the L-shaped second yoke is located between the first armature 330 and the second armature 340, and
  • the second end 232 of the first yoke has a gap between the second end 232 of the L-shaped yoke and the second end 242 of the yoke, and is located on the upper and lower sides of the permanent magnet 320, respectively.
  • the holder 310 is provided with two pivots 311 (one shown in the drawing), and one of the pivots 311 is rotatably inserted into the mounting hole 121 in the cavity 120.
  • the pivot 311 is located between the first armature 330 and the second armature 340 and is located between the second end 232 of the L-shaped first yoke and the second end 242 of the L-shaped yoke.
  • the holder 310 is pivotable about two pivots 311.
  • a push rod 312 is disposed on the fixing frame 310.
  • a through hole 111 is provided in the housing 110. The push rod 312 passes through the housing 110 from the through hole 111, the end of which is located outside the cavity 120, and the push rod 312 is movable within the through hole 111. When the holder 310 pivots about the pivot 311, the push rod 312 swings within the through hole 111.
  • a transmission member is further disposed in the cavity 120, and the transmission member is a push plate 400.
  • the first end 401 of the push plate is coupled to the push rod 312.
  • a chute 122 is disposed in the cavity 120.
  • the push plate 400 is movably disposed within the chute 122.
  • the chute 122 is for limiting the direction of movement of the push plate 400.
  • the switch member 900 includes a static carrier plate 500, a lead-out plate 600, and a movable reed 700.
  • the static carrier plate 500 is fixedly disposed on the housing 110.
  • the static current-carrying plate 500 is disposed at the end of the cavity 120 and at the other end of the cavity 120.
  • One end of the static carrier plate 500 located in the cavity 120 is provided with a circular stationary contact 510.
  • the take-up plate 600 is fixedly disposed on the housing 110. One end is located outside the cavity 120 and the other end is located in the cavity 120.
  • the lead-out board 600 and the static current-carrying board 500 constitute two lead terminals of the switch for connecting the circuit.
  • the moving reed 700 is disposed in the cavity 120.
  • the first end 701 of the moving spring is coupled to the push plate 400. When the push plate 400 moves left and right, the first end 701 of the movable spring can be driven to move left and right.
  • the first end 701 and the second end 702 of the moving spring are divided into three sections.
  • the first section 710 and the second section 720 are disposed opposite to the static current-carrying plate 500 and parallel to the static current-carrying plate 500.
  • the distance between the first segment 710 of the moving spring and the static carrier plate 500 is less than the distance between the second segment 720 and the static carrier plate 500.
  • the first segment 710 of the moving spring is coupled to the second segment 720 by a third segment 730.
  • the second end 702 of the moving spring is coupled to the take-up plate 600.
  • the moving spring 700 has a certain elasticity so that the first end 701 can be driven to move by the push plate 400 with the second end 702 fixed.
  • a first movable section 740 is provided on the first section 710.
  • the distance between the movable contact 740 and the third segment 730 is L1.
  • the vertical length of the third segment 730 is L3, that is, between the first segment 710 and the second segment 720.
  • the distance is L3.
  • the movable contact 740 is disposed opposite to the left and right of the stationary contact 510.
  • the push plate 400 drives the first end 701 of the moving reed to move
  • the movable contact 740 moves to move into contact with or separate from the stationary contact 510 as the first end 701 of the moving reed moves.
  • a magnetic conductive plate 800 is disposed between the static carrier plate 500 and the movable reed 700.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 800 is an iron plate having magnetic permeability.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 800 is fixedly mounted on the static current-carrying plate 500.
  • the width of the magnetic conductive plate 800 is the same as the width of the static current carrying plate 500.
  • the length of the magnetic conductive plate 800 is L2.
  • L2 is greater than L1 but less than the sum of L1 and L3.
  • the magnetic conducting plate 800 has an arcuate notch 801, and a portion of the stationary contact 510 is located within the arcuate notch 801.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 800 in the present invention may not be provided with the notch 801, and the length of the magnetic conductive plate 800 does not change in the width direction of the static current-carrying plate 500.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 800 in the present invention may be formed in a plate shape using a soft magnetic material.
  • the top, bottom, left, and right in the present invention are relative concepts.
  • the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay of the present invention is used as follows: As shown in Fig. 11, the first armature 330 and the second armature 340 are both in contact with the permanent magnet 320 and are magnetic, and the two are magnetically opposite. The lower end of the first armature 330 is in close contact with the L-shaped second yoke 240 by magnetic attraction, and the upper end of the second armature 340 is in close contact with the L-shaped first yoke 230 by magnetic attraction. At this time, the push rod 312 is located at the rightmost end of the through hole 111.
  • the push rod 312 By pushing the push plate 400, the push rod 312 maintains the first end 701 of the movable spring in the rightmost position, so that the movable contact 740 and the stationary contact 510 are in a separated state and the farthest distance.
  • the switch member 900 is in an open state.
  • both the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the L-shaped second yoke 240 generate magnetism.
  • the magnetic properties of the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the magnetic phase of the first armature 330 In contrast, it is magnetically identical to the second armature 340.
  • the magnetic force of the L-shaped second yoke 240 is the same as that of the first armature 330, and is magnetically opposite to the second armature 340. Due to the magnetic attraction and repulsion, the upper end of the first armature 330 is attracted to the left by the L-shaped first yoke 230, and the lower end of the first armature is subjected to the repulsive force of the L-shaped second yoke 240 to the right; The upper end is subjected to the leftward repulsive force of the L-shaped first yoke 230, and the lower end of the second armature is attracted to the right by the L-shaped second yoke 240.
  • the fixing frame 310 pivots counterclockwise about the pivot 311 until the upper end of the first armature 330 is in close contact with the L-shaped first yoke 230, and the lower end of the first armature 330 and the L-shaped second yoke 240 Tight.
  • the push rod 312 moves to the left.
  • the push rod 312 drives the first end 701 of the moving spring to move to the left, and the distance between the movable contact 710 and the stationary contact 510 is reduced.
  • the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the L-shaped second yoke 240 continue to maintain the direction of the force of the first armature 330 and the second armature 340.
  • the fixing frame 310 continues to rotate counterclockwise until the upper end of the first armature 330 is in close contact with the L-shaped first yoke 230 due to magnetic attraction, and the lower end of the second armature 340 is in close contact with the L-shaped body due to magnetic attraction.
  • Two yokes 240 At this time, the push rod 312 is moved to the leftmost end of the through hole 111.
  • the push rod 312 drives the first end 701 of the moving spring to move to the left until the movable contact 710 comes into contact with the stationary contact 510.
  • the switch member 900 is in a closed state, which can form a current path.
  • the movable contact 710 and the stationary contact 510 can be kept in contact, and the switch member 900 is always in a closed state.
  • the first armature 330 and the second armature 340 can be attracted to the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the L-shaped second yoke 240 by the magnetic forces of the first armature 330 and the second armature 340. , thus maintaining the state shown in FIG. 2.
  • To disconnect the switch component 900 only the current in the opposite direction is passed through the coil 310.
  • the direction of the force of the first armature 330 of the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the second-type second yoke 240 is the same as the second use state. The time is opposite.
  • the direction of the force of the L-shaped first yoke 230 and the L-shaped second yoke 240 on the second armature 340 is opposite to that in the second use state.
  • the holder 310 thus rotates clockwise to the first state shown in Figure 11, and the movable contact 710 is separated from the stationary contact 510.
  • the switch member 900 is in the off state, and the circuit is cut off. Due to the position of the socket of the socket, the distance between the static carrier plate and the take-up plate outside the cavity 120 is determined.
  • the distance between the first segment 710 of the movable spring 710 and the second segment 720 in the present invention is The static carrier plate 500 is closer. Therefore, the ampere force between the static carrier plate 500 and the first segment 710 of the moving reed 700 is greater.
  • the instantaneous current is 30 times the rated current, the ampere force can exceed the thrust of the movable reed 700 of the electromagnetic assembly 200, and the movable contact 710 is separated from the stationary contact 510, thereby cutting off the circuit. This condition is a malfunction of the magnetic holding electromagnetic relay and does not meet the requirements for use.
  • a magnetic conductive plate 800 is disposed between the static carrier sheet 500 and the movable reed 700, which can guide the electromagnetic force of the static carrier sheet 500 or the moving reed 700, and reduce the electromagnetic force across the magnetic conducting plate 800. Thereby reducing the ampere force between the static carrier plate 500 and the moving reed 700.
  • the width of the magnetically permeable plate 800 is the same as the width of the static current-carrying plate 500, which can minimize the influence of the amperage. Since the ampere force between the static carrier plate 500 and the first segment 710 of the moving spring is the largest, the length of the magnetic conductive plate 800 covers the length of the first segment between the movable contact 710 and the third segment 730.
  • the push rod of the present invention protrudes out of the cavity, and when the electromagnetic component fails, the opening and closing of the switch component can be manually controlled, and the use is safer.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the claims, and other substantially equivalent alternatives that can be devised by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电磁继电器，包括：固定设置的静载流板，所述静载流板具有第一端和第二端，静载流板第一端设置有静触点；至少一端可动设置的动簧片，所述动簧片上设置有动触点；所述动簧片至少设置动触点的一端可移动以使所述动触点与所述静触点接触并可分开地设置；其特征在于，所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间设置有导磁板，所述导磁板设置于静载流板上、动簧片上或静载流板与动簧片之间且不与静载流板和动簧片接触的位置；当所述动触点与所述静触点接触接通电流时，所述导磁板可减小所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间的安培力。本发明可降低安培力的影响，维持电磁继电器及开关装置的安全。

Description

电磁继电器及开关装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电磁继电器及开关装置。 背景技术
磁保持电磁继电器是一种电控制器件， 它具有控制***（又称输入回路）和 被控制***（又称输出回路）之间的互动关系。磁保持电磁继电器一般由铁芯、 线圈、 磁轭、 衔铁、 永磁铁、 触点簧片等组成。 其工作原理为： 在线圈两端加 上一定的电压， 线圈中流过一定的电流， 从而产生电磁效应， 衔铁就会在电磁 力及永磁铁的相互作用力下运动，从而驱动动触点与静触点接触，接通被控制的 电路。 当线圈断电后， 电磁的吸力也随之消失， 衔铁在永磁铁的作用下吸附在 磁轭上从而保持在触点接通状态。 线圈中流过反向电流， 衔铁就会在电磁力及 永磁铁的相互作用力下反向运动，从而驱动动触点与静触点断开，断开被控制电 路。线圈中断电，衔铁在永磁铁的作用下保持在使动触点与静触点分离的状态。 继电器一般有两个电路， 为低压控制电路和高压工作电路。 电磁线圈通过的低 电压或小电流， 被控制电路中通过的是高电压或大电流。
磁保持电磁继电器的一种典型用途是应用于智能电表中。 智能电表用磁保 持电磁继电器， 要求能够短时承受 30倍额定电流。 其中一种结构是， 电磁线圈 中通正向电流， 使动簧片上的动触点与静载流板上的静触点接触而接通被控制 电路。 电磁线圈通反向电流， 使动簧片上的动触点与静载流板上的静触点分离 而断开被控制电路。 而静载流板与动簧片中通过电流时， 静载流板与动簧片都 会产生电磁场。 静载流板与动簧片各自产生的电磁场会产生作用于对方的作用 力， 即安培力。 安培力由洛伦兹力引起。 根据右手定则可判断静载流板和动簧 片中的各自电流产生的电磁场方向。 根据左手定则可判断静载流板和动簧片各 自受到的安培力的方向。 如果静载流板与动簧片的电流方向相同， 则两者受到 的安培力可以使动触点与静触点接触更紧密。 如果静载流板与动簧片的电流方 向相反， 则两者受到的安培力具有使动触点与静触点分开的趋势。
为了避免安培力妨碍对电路的控制， 要么采用静载流板与动簧片电流方向 相同的结构； 要么采用静载流板与动簧片电流方向相反、 但仅将其应用于被控 制电路中的电流较小的领域。 而有的智能电表， 额定电流达到 80A， 其使用时 短时电流达到 30倍额定电流。 如果额定电流大， 那么在 30倍额定电流时， 电 流方向相反的静载流板和动簧片受到的安培力大于动簧片与静载流板间的压 力， 足以使动触点和静触点分离， 导致继电器触点损坏， 继电器功能丧失。 因 此， 静载流板与动簧片电流方向相反的结构， 其应用领域受到了限制。 然而， 静载流板与动簧片电流方向相反的结构的电磁继电器己经应用于智能电表等领 域内， 且其他零部件具有与其相适应的设计。 在提高额定电流的情况下， 如重 新设计电磁继电器， 则其改装困难、 成本高， 实施麻烦。 发明内容 本发明的目的之一是为了克服现有技术中的不足， 提供一种可降低安培力 影响的电磁继电器。 为实现以上目的， 本发明通过以下技术方案实现： 电磁继电器， 包括： 固定设置的静载流板， 所述静载流板具有第一端和第 二端， 静载流板第一端设置有静触点； 至少一端可动设置的动簧片， 所述动簧 片上设置有动触点； 所述动簧片至少设置动触点的一端可移动以使所述动触点 与所述静触点接触并可分开地设置； 其特征在于， 所述静载流板与所述动簧片 之间设置有导磁板， 所述导磁板设置于静载流板上、 动簧片上或静载流板与动 簧片之间且不与静载流板和动簧片接触的位置； 当所述动触点与所述静触点接 触接通电流时， 所述导磁板可减小所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间的安培力。 优选地是， 所述的动簧片具有第一端和第二端， 所述动触点设置在第一端； 所述第一端与所述静载流板的距离小于所述第二端与所述静载流板的距离。 优选地是， 所述的静载流板自设置静触点起延伸的方向与动簧片自动触点 起延伸的方向相同， 当所述动触点与所述静触点接触接通电流时,所述静载流板 与所述动簧片通有方向相反的电流。 优选地是， 所述的导磁板的宽度为所述静载流板宽度的二分之一至 1. 5倍。 优选地是， 所述的导磁板的宽度与所述静载流板的宽度相同。 优选地是， 所述导磁板的宽度大于所述静载流板的宽度、 小于静载流板宽 度的 1. 5倍。 优选地是， 所述动簧片具有与所述静载流板相对的第一段及与所述静载流 板相对的第二段； 第一段与第二段通过第三段连接； 所述第一段与所述静载流 板的距离小于所述第二段与所述静载流板的距离； 所述动触点设置在第一段上; 所述导磁板设置于静触点与第二端之间； 所述导磁板自静触点起延伸的长度大 于等于动触点与第三段之间的距离。 优选地是， 所述导磁板长度小于等于动触点与第二段之间的距离。 优选地是， 所述电磁继电器还包括固定设置的引出板， 所述动簧片的第二 段固定连接在引出板上； 所述动簧片设置动触点的第一段可靠近静载流板并可 远离静载流板地设置； 所述引出板与静载流板组成幵关的两个引出端子。 优选地是， 在所述静载流板的宽度方向上， 所述导磁板的长度不变。 优选地是， 所述电磁继电器还包括壳体， 所述壳体设置有容腔； 所述静载 流板设置于所述壳体上且第一端位于容腔内、 第二端位于容腔外； 所述动簧片 设置于容腔内，引出板设置在壳体上， 引出板两端分别位于容腔内和容腔外； 动 簧片未设置动触点的一端与引出板连接； 容腔内设置有电磁组件； 电磁组件驱 动动簧片移动以使动触点与静触点接触和分离。 优选地是， 所述的导磁板为软磁材料板。 更优选地是， 所述的导磁板为铁 板。 本发明的目的之二是为了克服现有技术中的不足， 提供一种可降低安培力 影响的开关装置。 为实现以上目的， 本发明通过以下技术方案实现： 开关装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 壳体， 所述壳体设置有容腔； 固定设置的 静载流板， 所述静载流板具有第一端和第二端， 静载流板第一端设置有静触点； 设置静触点的第一端位于容腔内， 未设置静触点的第二端位于容腔外； 至少一 端可动设置的动簧片， 所述动簧片可动的一端设置于容腔内； 动簧片可动的一 端设置有动触点； 所述动簧片可动的一端移动可使所述动触点与所述静触点接 触并可分开； 导磁板， 所述导磁板位于所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间， 所述 导磁板设置于所述静载流板上、 所述动簧片上或所述静载流板与所述动簧片之 间且不与所述静载流板和所述动簧片接触的位置； 驱动部件， 所述驱动部件与 所述动簧片传动连接， 所述驱动部件驱动所述动簧片可动的一端移动以使所述 动触点与所述静触点接触和分开。 优选地是， 所述的驱动部件为电磁驱动部件。 优选地是， 所述的电磁驱动部件包括线圈、 铁芯、 磁轭及衔铁； 所述线圈 环绕所述铁芯设置， 所述磁轭与所述铁芯连接， 所述衔铁具有磁性； 在所述线 圈通电时，所述铁芯、 所述磁轭产生磁性； 所述衔铁在所述磁轭产生磁性后受所 述磁轭的磁性驱动而运动； 所述运动的衔铁驱动所述动簧片设置动触点的一端 移动。 优选地是， 所述磁轭包括 L型第一磁轭和 L型第二磁轭； 所述 L型第一磁 轭的第一端与所述铁芯的第一端连接， 所述 L型第二磁轭的第一端与所述铁芯 的第二端连接； 所述衔铁包括第一衔铁， 所述第一衔铁可转动地设置； 在所述 线圈通电时， 所述第一衔铁的两端分别受所述 L 型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L 型第二磁轭的第二端的吸引和排斥。 优选地是， 所述衔铁还包括第二衔铁， 第一衔铁与第二衔铁联动设置且两 者之间具有间隙； 所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端位于所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔 铁之间的间隙内； 所述 L型第二磁轭的第二端位于所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔 铁之间的间隙内； 在所述线圈通电时， 所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端对其两侧的 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁的作用力方向相同、 所述 L 型第二磁轭的第二端 对其两侧的所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁的作用力方向相同， 且所述 L型第一 磁轭的第二端和所述 L 型第二磁轭的第二端对位于其同一侧的所述第一衔铁作 用力方向相反， 所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L型第二磁轭的第二端对位 于其同一侧的所述第二衔铁作用力方向相反。 优选地是， 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁磁性相反。 优选地是， 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁设置于固定架上； 所述固定架上 设置有枢轴， 所述枢轴位于所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁之间， 且位于所述 L 型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L 型第二磁轭的第二端之间； 所述枢轴可转动地设 置于所述容腔内； 所述固定架与所述动簧片设置所述动触点的一端传动连接。 优选地是， 还包括一推板，所述容腔内设置有滑槽； 所述推板可在所述滑槽 内移动以使所述推板仅在可使所述动触点靠近和远离所述静触点的方向上移 动。 优选地是， 所述的衔铁固定架设置有推杆； 推板一端与所述动簧片可动的 一端连接， 另一端与所述推杆连接； 所述推杆可通过所述推板驱动所述动簧片 至少一端移动。 优选地是， 所述的固定架上设置有永磁铁； 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁 均为铁板； 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁分别与所述永磁铁的两端接触。 优选地是， 所述的动簧片具有第一端和第二端， 所述动触点设置在所述动 簧片的第一端； 所述动簧片第一端与所述静载流板的距离小于所述动簧片第二 端与所述静载流板的距离。 优选地是， 所述的静载流板自设置所述静触点起延伸的方向与所述动簧片 自所述动触点起延伸的方向相同， 当所述动触点与所述静触点接触接通电流时， 所述静载流板与所述动簧片通有方向相反的电流。 优选地是， 所述的导磁板的宽度为所述静载流板宽度的二分之一至 1. 5倍。 优选地是， 所述的导磁板的宽度与所述静载流板的宽度相同。 优选地是， 所述导磁板的宽度大于所述静载流板的宽度、 小于静载流板宽 度的 1. 5倍。 优选地是， 所述动簧片具有与所述静载流板相对的第一段及与所述静载流 板相对的第二段； 所述第一段与所述第二段通过第三段连接； 所述第一段与所 述静载流板的距离小于所述第二段与所述静载流板的距离； 所述动触点设置在 所述第一段上； 所述导磁板长度大于等于所述动触点与所述第二段之间的所述 第一段的长度。 优选地是， 所述导磁板长度小于等于所述动触点与所述第二段之间的距离。 优选地是， 所述电磁继电器还包括固定设置的引出板， 所述动簧片的第二 段固定连接在所述引出板上； 所述动簧片设置所述动触点的第一段可靠近所述 静载流板并可远离所述静载流板地设置； 所述引出板与所述静载流板组成所述 开关装置的两个引出端子。 优选地是， 在所述静载流板的宽度方向上， 所述导磁板的宽度不变 优选地是， 所述的导磁板为软磁材料板。 更优选地是， 所述的导磁板为铁 板。 优选地是， 所述的开关装置为磁保持电磁继电器。 优选地是， 所述驱动部件包括固定架， 所述固定架可枢转地设置于所述容 腔内； 所述固定架上设置有推杆， 所述推杆通过推板与所述动簧片可动的一端 传动连接； 所述壳体设置有通孔； 所述推杆自所述通孔穿过壳体且其一端位于 容腔外； 所述推杆可在所述通孔内移动以通过推板驱动动簧片至少一端移动。 本发明中的电磁继电器及幵关装置， 导磁板位于静载流板与动簧片之间， 也就是位于静载流板或动簧片产生的磁场的传输路线过程中， 当磁场传输至导 磁板时， 磁场改变传输方向而沿导磁板传输， 导磁板因此可降低传输至静载流 板的动簧片产生的电磁场强度、 也会降低传输至动簧片的静载流板产生的电磁 场强度， 从而降低了对静载流板和动簧片的安培力。 降低了安培力， 可以确保 动簧片能够始终保持动触点与静触点接触。 即使被控制电路额定电流大、 短时 电路 30倍于额定电流， 动簧片仍然能保持动触点与静触点接触， 防止继电器、 开关装置损坏， 发挥继电器、 开关装置的控制功能。 本发明中的电磁继电器及开关装置， 结构简单， 能够承受短时电流 30倍于 额定电流。 本发明可降低安培力的影响， 维持电磁继电器及开关装置的安全， 既拓宽了静载流板与动簧片电流方向相反的结构的继电器及开关装置的应用领 域， 避免了对现有静载流板与动簧片电流方向相反的结构的继电器及开关装置 的大规模改造。
附图说明 图 1为本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器结构示意图。 图 2为本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器内部结构示意图。
图 3为本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器剖视图。
图 4为本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器未设置可动部件时的结构示意图。 图 5为本发明中的电磁组件剖视图。
图 6为本发明中的可动部件结构示意图。
图 7为本发明中的可动部件剖视图。
图 8为本发明中的开关部件结构示意图。
图 9为本发明中的静载流板侧视图。
图 10为本发明中的动簧片结构示意图。
图 11为本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器第一使用状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明进行详细的描述： 如图 1、 图 2所示， 电磁继电器 100， 包括壳体 110， 壳体 110设置有容腔 120。 容腔 120内设置有图 5所示的电磁组件 200、 图 6和图 7所示的可转动部 件 300及图 8至图 10所示的开关部件 900。 如图 2、 图 3、 图 4和图 5所示， 电磁组件包括线圈 210、 铁芯 220、 L型第 一磁轭 230和 L型第二磁轭 240。 线圈 210围绕铁芯 220设置， 其与两根插针 ( 211, 212 ) 电连接。 两根插针 （211, 212 ) 固定设置在壳体 110 上。 两根插针 (211, 212 ) 可分别接电源正负极， 以使线圈 210内产生电流。 线圈 210内产生 电流时， 使铁芯 220产生磁性， 铁芯的第一端 221与第二端 222磁性相反。 线 圈 210内通有相反方向电流时， 铁芯的第一端 221磁性相反； 铁芯的第二端 222 磁性也相反。 L型第一磁轭的第一端 231与铁芯的第一端 221连接， 铁芯的第一 端 221的磁性可传递至 L型第一磁轭的第二端 232。 L型第二磁轭的第一端 241 与铁芯的第二端 222连接， 铁芯的第二端 222的磁性可传递至 L型第二磁轭的 第二端 242。 如图 1、图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 6和图 7所示， 可动部件 300包括固定架 310、 永磁铁 320、 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340。 永磁铁 320、 第一衔铁 330和第二 衔铁 340固定于固定架 310上。 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340之间具有间隙。 如图 7所示， 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340分别位于永磁铁 320右侧和左侧。 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340均为铁板， 两者分别与永磁铁 320的左右两端接 触。第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340因此具有相反的磁性。 L型第一磁轭的第二端 232位于第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340之间， L型第二磁轭的第二端 242位于第 一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340之间， 且 L型第一磁轭的第二端 232与 L型第而磁 轭的第二端 242之间具有间隙、 分别位于永磁铁 320的上下两侧。 固定架 310 上设置有两个枢轴 311 (图中示出一个）， 其中一个枢轴 311可转动地插置于容 腔 120内的安装孔 121内。 枢轴 311位于第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340之间， 且位于 L型第一磁轭的第二端 232与 L型第而磁轭的第二端 242之间。 固定架 310可绕两个枢轴 311枢转。 固定架 310上设置有推杆 312。 壳体 110上设置有 通孔 111。 推杆 312自通孔 111穿过壳体 110， 其端部位于容腔 120外， 且推杆 312可在通孔 111 内移动。 在固定架 310绕枢轴 311枢转时， 推杆 312在通孔 111内摆动。 容腔 120内还设置有传动部件， 传动部件为推板 400。推板的第一端 401与 推杆 312连接。 容腔 120内设置有滑槽 122。 推板 400可移动地设置于滑槽 122 内。 滑槽 122用于限制推板 400的运动方向。 推杆 312左右摆动时， 驱动推板 400左右移动。 如图 2、 图 3、 图 8、 图 9和图 10所示， 开关部件 900包括静载流板 500、 引出板 600和动簧片 700。 静载流板 500固定设置在壳体 110上。静载流板 500—端位于容腔 120内， 另一端位于容腔 120外。 静载流板 500位于容腔 120内的一端设置有圆形的静 触点 510。 引出板 600固定设置在壳体 110上。 其一端位于容腔 120外， 另一端位于 容腔 120内。 引出板 600与静载流板 500组成开关的两个引出端子， 用于连接 电路。 动簧片 700设置于容腔 120内。 动簧片的第一端 701与推板 400连接。 推 板 400左右移动时， 可驱动动簧片的第一端 701左右移动。动簧片的第一端 701 与第二端 702之间分为三段， 第一段 710、第二段 720均与静载流板 500相对设 置， 且与静载流板 500平行。 动簧片的第一段 710与静载流板 500的距离小于 第二段 720与静载流板 500的距离。 动簧片的第一段 710与第二段 720通过第 三段 730连接。 动簧片的第二端 702与引出板 600连接。 动簧片 700具有一定 的弹性， 以使其在第二端 702固定的情况下， 第一端 701可受推板 400驱动而 移动。第一段 710上设置有圆形的动触点 740。动触点 740与第三段 730之间的 距离为 Ll。 第三段 730的垂直长度为 L3， 也即是第一段 710与第二段 720之间 的距离为 L3。 动触点 740与静触点 510左右相对设置。 在推板 400驱动动簧片 的第一端 701移动时， 动触点 740随动簧片的第一端 701移动而移动至与静触 点 510接触或分离。 静载流板 500与动簧片 700之间设置有导磁板 800。导磁板 800为具有导磁 性的铁板。 导磁板 800固定安装于静载流板 500上。 导磁板 800宽度与静载流 板 500宽度相同。 导磁板 800的长度为 L2。 L2大于 Ll， 但小于 L1与 L3之和。 导磁板 800具有弧形缺口 801， 静触点 510的一部分位于弧形缺口 801内。 本发明中的导磁板 800也可以不设置缺口 801，在静载流板 500的宽度方向 上， 导磁板 800的长度不变。 本发明中的导磁板 800可采用软磁性材料制成板 状。 本发明中的上、 下、 左、 右均为相对概念。 本发明中的磁保持电磁继电器使用方法如下： 如图 11所示， 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340均与永磁铁 320接触而带有磁 性，且两者磁性相反。第一衔铁 330的下端因磁力吸引而贴紧 L型第二磁轭 240， 第二衔铁 340的上端因磁力吸引而贴紧 L型第一磁轭 230。此时， 推杆 312位于 通孔 111的最右端。通过推板 400， 推杆 312使动簧片的第一端 701保持在最右 的位置， 使动触点 740与静触点 510处于分离状态且距离最远。 开关部件 900 处于断开状态。 在第一使用状态的基础上， 第一衔铁线圈 210通电后， L型第一磁轭 230和 L型第二磁轭 240均产生磁性。 L型第一磁轭 230的磁性与第一衔铁 330磁性相 反， 与第二衔铁 340磁性相同。 L型第二磁轭 240的磁性与第一衔铁 330磁性相 同， 与第二衔铁 340磁性相反。 因磁力吸引和排斥作用， 第一衔铁 330的上端 受到 L型第一磁轭 230的向左的吸引力，第一衔铁的下端受到 L型第二磁轭 240 向右的排斥力； 第二衔铁的上端受到 L型第一磁轭 230的向左的排斥力， 第二 衔铁的下端受到 L型第二磁轭 240向右的吸引力。在磁力的作用下， 固定架 310 绕枢轴 311逆时针枢转， 直至第一衔铁 330的上端与 L型第一磁轭 230贴紧、 第一衔铁 330的下端与 L型第二磁轭 240贴紧。 固定架 310逆时针旋转时， 推 杆 312向左移动。 通过推板 400的传动， 推杆 312驱动动簧片的第一端 701向 左移动， 动触点 710与静触点 510的距离减小。 继续保持线圈 210中的电流， L型第一磁轭 230和 L型第二磁轭 240持续对 第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340的作用力方向保持不变。 固定架 310继续逆时针 旋转， 直至如图 2所示， 第一衔铁 330的上端因磁力吸引而贴紧 L型第一磁轭 230, 第二衔铁 340的下端因磁力吸引而贴紧 L型第二磁轭 240。此时，推杆 312 移动至通孔 111的最左端。 通过推板 400的传动， 推杆 312驱动动簧片的第一 端 701向左移动至动触点 710与静触点 510接触。 动触点 710与静触点 510接 触时， 开关部件 900 处于闭合状态， 其可形成电流通路。 利用电磁组件的电磁 性， 可使动触点 710与静触点 510保持在接触状态， 开关部件 900始终处于闭 合状态。 即使此时线圈 210断电， 也可以利用第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340的 磁力， 使第一衔铁 330和第二衔铁 340吸附在 L型第一磁轭 230和 L型第二磁 轭 240， 从而保持在图 2所示的状态。 如需断开开关部件 900， 只需在线圈 310内通入相反方向的电流。 L型第一 磁轭 230和 L型第二磁轭 240对第一衔铁 330的作用力方向均与第二使用状态 时方向相反。 L型第一磁轭 230和 L型第二磁轭 240对第二衔铁 340的作用力方 向均与第二使用状态时相反。 固定架 310因此顺时针转动至图 11所示的第一状 态， 动触点 710与静触点 510分离。 此时开关部件 900处于断开状态， 将电路 切断。 由于插座的插孔位置确定， 位于容腔 120之外的静载流板与引出板距离是 确定的。 为了减小动触点 710与静触点 510之间的接触夹角、 使两者接触时的 接触面积更大， 本发明中的动簧片 710的第一段 710相对于第二段 720距离静 载流板 500更近。 因此， 静载流板 500与动簧片 700的第一段 710之间的安培 力更大。 在瞬时电流 30倍于额定电流时， 其安培力可超过电磁组件 200对动簧 片 700的推力， 将动触点 710与静触点 510分开， 从而切断电路。 这种情况属 于磁保持电磁继电器的故障， 不符合使用要求。 本发明中在静载流片 500与动 簧片 700之间设置导磁板 800，可对静载流片 500或动簧片 700的电磁起到导引 作用， 降低越过导磁板 800的电磁， 从而降低静载流板 500与动簧片 700之间 的安培力。 导磁板 800宽度与静载流板 500宽度相同， 可最大化降低安培力的 影响。 由于静载流板 500与动簧片的第一段 710之间的安培力最大， 因此， 导 磁板 800的长度覆盖动触点 710与第三段 730之间的第一段的长度既可充分安 培力的影响， 同时也节省材料。 本发明中的推杆伸出容腔外， 在电磁组件发生 故障时， 可以手动控制开关部件的断开和闭合， 使用更安全。 本发明中的实施例仅用于对本发明进行说明， 并不构成对权利要求范围的 限制， 本领域内技术人员可以想到的其他实质上等同的替代， 均在本发明保护 范围内。

Claims

1. 电磁继电器， 包括: 固定设置的静载流板， 所述静载流板具有第一端和第二端， 静载流板第一端 设置有静触点； 至少一端可动设置的动簧片， 所述动簧片上设置有动触点； 所述动簧片至少 设置动触点的一端可移动以使所述动触点与所述静触点接触并可分开地设 置； 其特征在于， 所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间设置有导磁板， 所述导磁板设 置于静载流板上、 动簧片上或静载流板与动簧片之间且不与静载流板和动簧 片接触的位置； 当所述动触点与所述静触点接触接通电流时， 所述导磁板可减小所述静载流 板与所述动簧片之间的安培力。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述的动簧片具有第一端 和第二端， 所述动触点设置在第一端； 所述第一端与所述静载流板的距离小 于所述第二端与所述静载流板的距离。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述的静载流板自设置静 触点起延伸的方向与动簧片自动触点起延伸的方向相同， 当所述动触点与所 述静触点接触接通电流时，所述静载流板与所述动簧片通有方向相反的电流。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板的宽度为所 述静载流板宽度的二分之一至 1. 5倍。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板的宽度与所 述静载流板的宽度相同。
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述导磁板的宽度大于所 述静载流板的宽度、 小于静载流板宽度的 1. 5倍。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述动簧片具有与所述静 载流板相对的第一段及与所述静载流板相对的第二段； 第一段与第二段通过 第三段连接； 所述第一段与所述静载流板的距离小于所述第二段与所述静载 流板的距离； 所述动触点设置在第一段上； 所述导磁板设置于静触点与第二 端之间； 所述导磁板自静触点起延伸的长度大于等于动触点与第三段之间的 距离。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述导磁板长度小于等于 动触点与第二段之间的距离。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述电磁继电器还包括固 定设置的引出板， 所述动簧片的第二段固定连接在引出板上； 所述动簧片设 置动触点的第一段可靠近静载流板并可远离静载流板地设置； 所述引出板与 静载流板组成开关的两个引出端子。
10. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 在所述静载流板的宽 度方向上， 所述导磁板的长度不变。
11. 根据上述权利要求 1-10中任意一项所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所 述电磁继电器还包括壳体， 所述壳体设置有容腔； 所述静载流板设置于所述 壳体上且第一端位于容腔内、第二端位于容腔外； 所述动簧片设置于容腔内， 引出板设置在壳体上， 引出板两端分别位于容腔内和容腔外； 动簧片未设置 动触点的一端与引出板连接； 容腔内设置有电磁组件； 电磁组件驱动动簧片 移动以使动触点与静触点接触和分离。
12. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电磁继电器， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板为软磁 材料板。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的电磁继电器，其特征在于，所述的导磁板为铁板。
14. 开关装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 壳体， 所述壳体设置有容腔； 固定设置的静载流板， 所述静载流板具有第一端和第二端， 静载流板第一端 设置有静触点； 设置静触点的第一端位于容腔内， 未设置静触点的第二端位 于容腔外； 至少一端可动设置的动簧片， 所述动簧片可动的一端设置于容腔内； 动簧片 可动的一端设置有动触点； 所述动簧片可动的一端移动可使所述动触点与所 述静触点接触并可分开； 导磁板， 所述导磁板位于所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间， 所述导磁板设置 于所述静载流板上、 所述动簧片上或所述静载流板与所述动簧片之间且不与 所述静载流板和所述动簧片接触的位置； 驱动部件， 所述驱动部件与所述动簧片传动连接， 所述驱动部件驱动所述动 簧片可动的一端移动以使所述动触点与所述静触点接触和分开。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的幵关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的驱动部件为电磁 驱动部件。
16. 根据权利要求 15所述的幵关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的电磁驱动部件包 括线圈、 铁芯、 磁轭及衔铁； 所述线圈环绕所述铁芯设置， 所述磁轭与所述 铁芯连接， 所述衔铁具有磁性； 在所述线圈通电时，所述铁芯、所述磁轭产生 磁性； 所述衔铁在所述磁轭产生磁性后受所述磁轭的磁性驱动而运动； 所述 运动的衔铁驱动所述动簧片设置动触点的一端移动。
17. 根据权利要求 16所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述磁轭包括 L型第一 磁轭和 L型第二磁轭；所述 L型第一磁轭的第一端与所述铁芯的第一端连接， 所述 L型第二磁轭的第一端与所述铁芯的第二端连接； 所述衔铁包括第一衔 铁， 所述第一衔铁可转动地设置； 在所述线圈通电时， 所述第一衔铁的两端 分别受所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L型第二磁轭的第二端的吸引和排 斥。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述衔铁还包括第二衔 铁， 第一衔铁与第二衔铁联动设置且两者之间具有间隙； 所述 L型第一磁轭 的第二端位于所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁之间的间隙内； 所述 L型第二磁 轭的第二端位于所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁之间的间隙内； 在所述线圈通 电时， 所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端对其两侧的所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁 的作用力方向相同、 所述 L型第二磁轭的第二端对其两侧的所述第一衔铁和 所述第二衔铁的作用力方向相同， 且所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L型 第二磁轭的第二端对位于其同一侧的所述第一衔铁作用力方向相反， 所述 L 型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L型第二磁轭的第二端对位于其同一侧的所述第 二衔铁作用力方向相反。
19. 根据权利要求 18所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一衔铁和所述第 二衔铁磁性相反。
20. 根据权利要求 18所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一衔铁和所述第 二衔铁设置于固定架上； 所述固定架上设置有枢轴， 所述枢轴位于所述第一 衔铁和所述第二衔铁之间， 且位于所述 L型第一磁轭的第二端和所述 L型第 二磁轭的第二端之间； 所述枢轴可转动地设置于所述容腔内； 所述固定架与 所述动簧片设置所述动触点的一端传动连接。
21. 根据权利要求 20所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 还包括一推板，所述容 腔内设置有滑槽； 所述推板可在所述滑槽内移动以使所述推板仅在可使所述 动触点靠近和远离所述静触点的方向上移动。
22. 根据权利要求 21所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的衔铁固定架设置 有推杆； 推板一端与所述动簧片可动的一端连接， 另一端与所述推杆连接； 所述推杆可通过所述推板驱动所述动簧片至少一端移动。
23. 根据权利要求 22所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的固定架上设置有 永磁铁； 所述第一衔铁和所述第二衔铁均为铁板； 所述第一衔铁和所述第二 衔铁分别与所述永磁铁的两端接触。
24. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的动簧片具有第一 端和第二端， 所述动触点设置在所述动簧片的第一端； 所述动簧片第一端与 所述静载流板的距离小于所述动簧片第二端与所述静载流板的距离。
25. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的静载流板自设置 所述静触点起延伸的方向与所述动簧片自所述动触点起延伸的方向相同， 当 所述动触点与所述静触点接触接通电流时，所述静载流板与所述动簧片通有 方向相反的电流。
26. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板的宽度为 所述静载流板宽度的二分之一至 1. 5倍。
27. 根据权利要求 26所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板的宽度与 所述静载流板的宽度相同。
28. 根据权利要求 26所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述导磁板的宽度大于 所述静载流板的宽度、 小于静载流板宽度的 1. 5倍。
29. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述动簧片具有与所述 静载流板相对的第一段及与所述静载流板相对的第二段； 所述第一段与所述 第二段通过第三段连接； 所述第一段与所述静载流板的距离小于所述第二段 与所述静载流板的距离； 所述动触点设置在所述第一段上； 所述导磁板长度 大于等于所述动触点与所述第二段之间的所述第一段的长度。
30. 根据权利要求 29所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述导磁板长度小于等 于所述动触点与所述第二段之间的距离。
31. 根据权利要求 30所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述电磁继电器还包括 固定设置的引出板， 所述动簧片的第二段固定连接在所述引出板上； 所述动 簧片设置所述动触点的第一段可靠近所述静载流板并可远离所述静载流板地 设置； 所述引出板与所述静载流板组成所述开关装置的两个引出端子。
32. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 在所述静载流板的宽度 方向上， 所述导磁板的宽度不变。
33. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板为软磁材 料板。
34. 根据权利要求 33所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的导磁板为铁板。
35. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述的开关装置为磁保 持电磁继电器。
36. 根据权利要求 14所述的开关装置， 其特征在于， 所述驱动部件包括固定 架， 所述固定架可枢转地设置于所述容腔内； 所述固定架上设置有推杆， 所 述推杆通过推板与所述动簧片可动的一端传动连接； 所述壳体设置有通孔； 所述推杆自所述通孔穿过壳体且其一端位于容腔外； 所述推杆可在所述通孔 内移动以通过推板驱动动簧片至少一端移动。
PCT/CN2013/000431 2012-04-16 2013-04-13 电磁继电器及开关装置 WO2013155870A1 (zh)

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