WO2013119011A1 - Self-closing device for windows - Google Patents

Self-closing device for windows Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013119011A1
WO2013119011A1 PCT/KR2013/000900 KR2013000900W WO2013119011A1 WO 2013119011 A1 WO2013119011 A1 WO 2013119011A1 KR 2013000900 W KR2013000900 W KR 2013000900W WO 2013119011 A1 WO2013119011 A1 WO 2013119011A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
window
worm
closing device
chain
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2013/000900
Other languages
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박준우
Original Assignee
Park Jun Woo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Park Jun Woo filed Critical Park Jun Woo
Publication of WO2013119011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013119011A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
    • E05F15/627—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings operated by flexible elongated pulling elements, e.g. belts, chains or cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
    • E05F15/616—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings operated by push-pull mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/72—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to emergency conditions, e.g. fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/16—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
    • E05Y2201/41—Function thereof for closing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/644—Flexible elongated pulling elements
    • E05Y2201/656—Chains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/696—Screw mechanisms
    • E05Y2201/704—Worm wheels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/30—Electronic control of motors
    • E05Y2400/3013—Electronic control of motors during manual wing operation
    • E05Y2400/3014—Back driving the transmission or motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/25—Emergency conditions
    • E05Y2800/252—Emergency conditions the elements functioning only in case of emergency
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
    • E05Y2800/42—Physical or chemical protection against smoke or gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/148—Windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically closing a window in the event of a fire in a building, and more particularly, to an automatic closing device for a window that allows a user to manually open or close a window easily when power is cut off due to a fire. .
  • the apartments are provided with a smoke control area (front room) for preventing the smoke generated in the fire from propagating throughout the building.
  • These ventilation zones are normally open to ventilate the outside and the ventilation zones, and are closed in the case of fire and automatically open and close windows that block the exterior and the ventilation zones, and air supply dampers that increase the internal pressure of the ventilation zones by introducing external air in the event of a fire.
  • Fire protection doors are installed between the household and the evacuation stairs, a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of windows and doors, the operation of the air supply damper, and the like.
  • the control unit closes the window and supplies the outside air through the air supply damper to increase the internal pressure of the ventilation zone and close the fire door. Therefore, all rooms made between the fire occurrence area and the evacuation stairs will be created as the ventilation area.
  • the ventilation zone when a fire occurs in the indoor space, the ventilation zone is formed in a sealed state and the internal pressure of the ventilation zone is increased to 40 Pa ⁇ 60Pa or more by the air supply of the air supply damper, thereby toxic generated by the fire in the indoor space.
  • the gas can be prevented from entering the smoke control area and the evacuation step.
  • the conventional window automatic closing device can only automatically close the window by an operation signal in the event of a fire in the building, and has a structure in which the window cannot be opened or closed manually.
  • the standby power is cut off, there is a problem in that the window cannot be manually closed and the pressure in the ventilation zone is lost and the effect of the differential pressure cannot be seen.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, it is possible to automatically close the window in 4 seconds when the building fire occurs, as well as using a combination of a worm wheel and worm shaft capable of power transmission in the opposite direction of the output shaft.
  • a new type of window opening and closing mechanism that allows the user to close the window manually, the window can be easily closed even when the main power and / or backup power are cut off due to the fire, thereby ensuring the pressure in the ventilation area. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic closing device for windows that can reduce casualties due to fire, such as to effectively prevent the smoke containing toxic gas flow into the smoke control area and evacuation route.
  • the automatic closing device for a window provided in the present invention has the following features.
  • the automatic closing device for the window is to close the window automatically in the event of a fire
  • the housing is installed in the frame of the window having a gear chamber and a chain chamber inside, and installed on one side of the housing and located in the gear chamber on the output side
  • the motor is equipped with a drive gear is mounted, and the structure is supported by a bearing in the interior of the housing, one end is equipped with a drive gear and a motor driven driven gear on the motor side, and at the same time the worm is mounted in the middle
  • a worm shaft which is installed in a structure supported by a bearing in the housing and is disposed in a direction intersecting with the worm shaft so as to be able to engage with the worm and be mounted at one end thereof with a worm wheel mounted at a chain chamber; It is possible to store and withdraw the inside and outside of the chain chamber, one end of the window and Results and is characterized by consisting of a structure comprising a chain as that driven by the sprockets of the worm wheel by pulling the window.
  • the worm and the worm wheel of the worm shaft of the automatic closing device for the window has a helical gear tooth inclined at 45 °, so that the worm shaft can be rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel, and thus the output shaft by manual operation It is desirable to be able to transmit power in the opposite direction of.
  • the automatic closing device for windows sets the number of gears of the worm wheel to be larger than the number of gears of the worm on the worm shaft, such that the window opens only when a constant force is applied, for example, the worm wheel and the worm.
  • the gear ratio between the worms on the shaft is set to 12:11.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are bottom and left and right side views illustrating an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a combination of a worm shaft and a worm wheel in the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a front view and a side view showing the installation state of the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a plan view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1a and 1b is a bottom view and left and right side views showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a combination of a worm shaft and worm wheel in the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a perspective view showing.
  • the automatic closing device for the window can automatically close the window by the operation signal in the event of a fire in the building, in particular the main power and / or reserve power is cut off due to the fire Even if the user can easily close the window manually, or if necessary, the user can manually open the window with a force of 60N or less.
  • a housing 12 in the form of a square case is provided on the interior side of a frame of a window, for example, an aluminum chassis, etc., and the interior of the housing 12 is geared downward by a partition.
  • positioned the chain chamber 11 for accommodating a chain is formed above, respectively.
  • an inlet communicating with the chain chamber 11 is formed on the front surface of the housing 12, through which the inlet and withdrawal of the chain 20 to be described later can be made.
  • a motor 14 is provided as a power means for automatic closing and manual opening and closing of windows.
  • the motor 14 is a motor incorporating the gear reducer 22 at the front end, and is installed in parallel with one side of the housing 12.
  • the output side of the motor 14 thus installed, that is, the end of the shaft where the motor power is decelerated and finally output, is located inside the gear chamber 10 formed in the housing 12, and at this time, power transmission is applied to the shaft end.
  • the drive gear 13 for is mounted.
  • the power of the motor 14 may be provided to the worm shaft and the worm wheel, which will be described later while leading to the rotation of the drive gear 13 through a predetermined deceleration.
  • the motor 14 at this time is a motor that can obtain a large reduction ratio even in a small space
  • the reduction ratio of the motor 14, that is, the ratio of the speed at which the motor shaft and the shaft on the output side rotates has a reduction ratio of about 1:30. It is preferable to open with a force of 60 N or less and not to open at a differential pressure of 60 Pa.
  • the motor deceleration ratio 1:30 is a value obtained through iterative design and experiment for various ratios as a condition for enduring a force corresponding to a pressure of 60 Pa between the ventilation area and the place (indoor) where the fire occurred.
  • the worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19 are provided as a means capable of driving the chain 20 substantially while being driven by the power of the motor 14 or driving in the forward and reverse directions through manual operation.
  • the worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19 are means for transmitting power in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the motor is installed (a direction in which the casement opens and closes), and the worm shaft 17 is formed in the housing 12.
  • the gear chamber 10 is installed in a structure in which both ends are supported by a bearing, and the worm wheel 19 is disposed in a direction crossing 90 ° with respect to the worm shaft 17, and the gear chamber 10 and the chain chamber ( 11) is also installed in a structure supported by bearings.
  • the driven gear 15 is mounted at one end of the worm shaft 17, and the driven gear 15 is engaged with the drive gear 13 on the motor side to receive power.
  • a worm 16 is mounted at a position about halfway along the length of the worm shaft 17, and the worm 16 is engaged with the worm wheel 19, thereby providing power between the worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19. Delivery is possible.
  • one end of the worm wheel 19 is mounted a sprocket 18 located inside the chain chamber 11, the sprocket 18 at this time serves to pull or push the chain 20 by walking .
  • the worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 in the worm shaft 17 has a helical gear tooth inclined 45 °, accordingly, the worm shaft 17 is rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel 19. In the end, it is possible to transmit power in the opposite direction of the output shaft by the user's manual operation.
  • the rotational force cannot be transmitted in the opposite direction of the output shaft, so that the window cannot be opened and closed manually. That is, the input shaft (worm shaft) cannot rotate due to the rotation of the output shaft (worm wheel).
  • the worm shaft and the gear teeth of the worm wheel are inclined by 45 ° to form a helical shape, so that power can be transmitted in the forward direction and the reverse direction. You can open or close it.
  • the number of gear teeth of the worm wheel 19 is preferably set larger than the number of gear teeth of the worm 16 in the worm shaft 17.
  • the number of gears of the worm wheel 19 is larger than that of the worm 16 on the worm shaft 17 so that the window opens only when a predetermined force is applied. It is preferable.
  • the minimum differential pressure between the ventilation area and indoors must be maintained between 40 Pa and 60 Pa. Therefore, the window should not be opened until the differential pressure between the ventilation area and indoors is about 60 Pa.
  • the ratio of the gear teeth of the worm and the worm wheel is 1: 1, for example, when the number of gear teeth of the worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 is 12:12, a small pressure difference between the ventilation zone and the indoor Also, the window is easily opened so that the differential pressure cannot be seen.
  • the number of gears of the output shaft is greater than the number of gears of the input shaft in order to open the window only when a constant force (force of differential pressure equal to about 60 Pa) is applied to the output shaft.
  • the number of gears of the worm wheel 19 and the worm 16 is set to 12:11.
  • the differential pressure is opened under 60 N force and under 60 N force under the condition to endure the force corresponding to 60 Pa. It is a value obtained through iterative design and experiment for various ratios so as not to open the difference.
  • the chain 20 is provided as a means for substantially moving the window, the chain 20 is installed in a structure that can be stored and withdrawn to the inside and outside of the chain chamber 11 in the housing 12.
  • the chain 20 has one end at its free end and the other side is connected to the window via an adapter 23, and is hooked around a portion of the sprocket 18 located in the chain chamber 11 of the sprocket 18. It can be moved by rotation.
  • the window 20 can be opened while the chain 20 is pushed out of the chain chamber 11, the chain 20 when rotated in the clockwise direction
  • the window can be closed by pulling into the chain chamber 11.
  • the chain guide 21 is provided as a means for guiding the chain 20 so as to facilitate the storage and withdrawal operation.
  • the chain guide 21 is a guide having a concave arc-shaped guide surface in contact with the chain side.
  • the chain guide 21 is installed in a structure located along the circumference of the sprocket 18 inside the inlet side of the chain chamber 11, so that the chain The chain 20 in the seal 11 can be easily drawn out by turning the direction toward the entrance side, and also allows the chain 20 coming into the chain chamber 11 to be naturally stored into the chain thread long inner space. It will play a role.
  • the chain 20 coming into the chain chamber 11 may be moved along a predetermined trajectory to be stored in a state of being bent one or two times in the chain chamber.
  • FIG 3 is a front view and a side view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an auto closing device 110 is installed at an interior lower end of the window frame 100, and a chain side adapter 23 extending out of the housing 12 of the auto closing device 110. Is connected to the indoor side bottom of the window 120 is installed.
  • the adapter 23 attached to the end of the chain 20 can be installed in a manner that is connected to the window bracket (not shown) by a pin, in the case of the housing 12 window frame 100 It can be installed in the screw fastening structure or the like.
  • a battery (not shown) may be built in the housing 12 of the automatic closing device 110 as a separate auxiliary power means, and the automatic closing device using the battery power even when the main power or the backup power is cut off.
  • the motor of 110 can be driven.
  • the present invention is to automatically reverse the window by rotating the motor 16 in the reverse direction when the obstacle load of the human body and foreign matter stuck in the window during the closing automatically 6kgf / cm 2 or more
  • automatic closing by 8kgf / cm 2 after 2 seconds the automatic window closing is controlled to see the effect of safety prevention as well as reduction of window frame clamping accident that can occur during closing.
  • the closing of the window is automatically controlled to increase the closing force gradually until the window is closed until the window is closed.
  • looking at the operating state of the automatic closing device is configured as follows.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic closing device is automatically activated in the event of a fire to close the window.
  • a signal of a fire detector (not shown) is input by a controller (not shown), and the controller can control the output of the motor 14 of the automatic closing device to close the window.
  • the window can be opened and closed manually.
  • the main power and / or the preliminary power are cut off due to a fire, it is impossible to close the window through the operation of the motor 14, and when the user pulls the chain 20, the rotation of the sprocket 18 ⁇
  • the chain 20 can be forcibly stored inside the housing 12 while the worm wheel 19 is rotated ⁇ the worm wheel 19 and the worm 16 are driven, and the worm shaft 17 is rotated. In turn, it is possible to close the window 120 with the storage of the chain 20.
  • the present invention implements an automatic window closing device that can manually close a window when a building fire occurs, and can open or close a window manually by a normal operation, whereby the main power and / or the reserve power supply are generated by the fire. Even if it is blocked, the window can be closed immediately, and finally, the toxic gas can be prevented from entering into the smoke control area to secure an evacuation route, thereby reducing casualties due to fire, and fighting fires and saving lives. It can be done effectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-closing device for a window which allows a user to easily open or close the window using his/her hands when power is cut off due to a fire breaking out in a building. The present invention provides a self-closing device which provides a new form of window opening/closing mechanism which allows the window to be automatically closed when a fire breaks out in the building and allows a user to manually close the window using a combination of a worm wheel and a worm shaft available for transferring power in the direction opposite to an output shaft in such a way that the window may be easily closed when primary power and/or preliminary power are cut off, thereby providing pressure inside a smoke extraction section to effectively block the inflow of smoke, including poisonous gases, into the smoke extraction section and to provide an evacuation path.

Description

창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치Automatic closure devices for windows
본 발명은 건물의 화재 발생시 자동으로 창문을 폐쇄하는 장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 화재로 인한 전원 차단시 사용자가 쉽게 수동으로 창문을 열거나 닫을 수 있도록 되어 있는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically closing a window in the event of a fire in a building, and more particularly, to an automatic closing device for a window that allows a user to manually open or close a window easily when power is cut off due to a fire. .
일반적으로 아파트나 고층건물 등에서 화재가 발생하면 실내 가구나 내장재 등의 연소로 인하여 대량의 연기가 발생하게 되고, 이렇게 발생되는 연기에는 유독가스가 포함되어 있기 때문에 화재시 발생되는 인명피해는 열에 의한 피해보다는 유독가스를 포함한 연기에 의한 질식이 먼저 발생되면서 많은 사상자가 생기는 것을 볼 수 있다.In general, when a fire occurs in an apartment or a high-rise building, a large amount of smoke is generated due to the combustion of indoor furniture or interior materials, and the smoke generated includes toxic gas. Smoke asphyxiation, including toxic fumes, occurs first and many casualties are observed.
즉, 화재가 일어나게 되면 많은 양의 유독가스를 포함하는 연기가 대량으로 발생하게 되고, 이러한 대량의 유독 연기가 피난경로로 유출되면서 피난경로를 통한 피난을 어렵게 하여 많은 사상자가 생겨날 뿐 아니라, 화재 진압 및 인명구조 작업에 큰 지장을 초래하는 문제점이 있다. In other words, when a fire occurs, a large amount of smoke containing a large amount of toxic gas is generated, and such a large amount of toxic smoke flows into the evacuation route, making it difficult to evacuate through the evacuation route, resulting in many casualties and extinguishing the fire. And there is a problem that causes a big obstacle in lifesaving work.
따라서, 아파트 등에는 화재시 발생되는 연기가 건물 전체로 전파되는 것을 차단하는 제연구역(전실)이 갖추어져 있다. Therefore, the apartments are provided with a smoke control area (front room) for preventing the smoke generated in the fire from propagating throughout the building.
보통 화재가 발생하면 제연구역의 도어와 창문은 자동적으로 닫히게 되며, 이와 함께 외부로부터의 공기를 제연구역으로 유입하여 화재가 발생한 곳의 공기압보다 제연구역의 공기압을 높여줌으로써, 연기를 포함한 유독가스가 제연구역으로 유입되는 것을 막아 피난경로를 확보할 수 있도록 하고 있다. In general, when a fire occurs, the doors and windows of the ventilation area are automatically closed.In addition, air from the outside flows into the ventilation area to increase the air pressure of the combustion area rather than the air pressure of the place where the fire occurs. It prevents the inflow of smoke control area to secure the evacuation route.
이러한 제연구역에는 평상시 개방되어 외부와 제연구역을 환기시켜주고 화재시 폐쇄되어 외부와 제연구역을 차단하는 자동개폐식의 창문, 화재 발생시 외부의 공기를 유입시켜 제연구역의 내압을 상승시키는 급기댐퍼, 각 세대와 피난계단 사이에 설치되는 방화용 도어, 창문이나 도어의 개폐, 급기댐퍼의 작동 등을 제어하는 제어부 등이 설치된다. These ventilation zones are normally open to ventilate the outside and the ventilation zones, and are closed in the case of fire and automatically open and close windows that block the exterior and the ventilation zones, and air supply dampers that increase the internal pressure of the ventilation zones by introducing external air in the event of a fire. Fire protection doors are installed between the household and the evacuation stairs, a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of windows and doors, the operation of the air supply damper, and the like.
따라서, 아파트 등의 각 세대 중 어느 한 곳에서 화재 발생이 감지되면 제어부는 창문을 폐쇄함과 더불어, 급기댐퍼를 통해 외부의 공기를 급기하여 제연구역의 내압을 상승시키는 한편, 방화용 도어를 폐쇄하여 화재 발생 구역과 피난계단 사이에 만들어져 있는 전실을 제연구역으로 조성하게 된다. Therefore, when a fire is detected in any one of the households, such as an apartment, the control unit closes the window and supplies the outside air through the air supply damper to increase the internal pressure of the ventilation zone and close the fire door. Therefore, all rooms made between the fire occurrence area and the evacuation stairs will be created as the ventilation area.
즉, 실내공간에서 화재가 발생하면 제연구역은 밀폐된 상태로 조성됨과 더불어 급기댐퍼의 급기작용에 의해 제연구역의 내압이 40Pa ~ 60Pa 이상으로 상승되므로서, 실내공간의 화재 발생에 의해 발생된 유독가스가 제연구역 및 피난계단으로 유입되는 것이 방지될 수 있게 된다. That is, when a fire occurs in the indoor space, the ventilation zone is formed in a sealed state and the internal pressure of the ventilation zone is increased to 40 Pa ~ 60Pa or more by the air supply of the air supply damper, thereby toxic generated by the fire in the indoor space. The gas can be prevented from entering the smoke control area and the evacuation step.
이때, 제연구역에 설치된 창문이 개방되어 있는 경우에는 급기를 통한 제연구역 내의 압력을 충분히 높일 수 없기 때문에 창문을 자동으로 개폐하기 위한 자동 폐쇄 장치를 필요로 하며, 이러한 창문 자동 폐쇄 장치는 제연구역의 창문에 설치되어 화재 감지시 창문을 자동으로 닫아주는 기능을 한다. In this case, when the windows installed in the ventilation area are open, the pressure in the ventilation area through the air supply cannot be sufficiently increased, so an automatic closing device for automatically opening and closing the window is needed. Installed in the window, it automatically closes the window when a fire is detected.
그러나, 종래의 창문 자동 폐쇄 장치는 건물의 화재 발생시 작동신호에 의해 자동적으로 창문을 폐쇄할 수 있을 뿐, 수동으로 창문을 열리게 하거나 또는 닫히게 할 수 없는 구조로 이루어져 있고, 이로 인해 화재에 의해 주전원 및/또는 예비전원이 차단되는 경우에는 수동으로 창문을 닫을 수 없어 제연구역의 압력이 소실되면서 차압의 효과를 볼 수 없는 문제점이 있다. However, the conventional window automatic closing device can only automatically close the window by an operation signal in the event of a fire in the building, and has a structure in which the window cannot be opened or closed manually. When the standby power is cut off, there is a problem in that the window cannot be manually closed and the pressure in the ventilation zone is lost and the effect of the differential pressure cannot be seen.
따라서, 본 발명은 이와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 건물의 화재 발생시 자동으로 창문을 4초 안에 폐쇄할 수 있음은 물론, 출력축의 반대방향으로 동력전달이 가능한 웜휠과 웜샤프트의 조합을 이용하여 사용자가 수동으로 창문을 닫을 수 있는 새로운 형태의 창문 개폐 메카니즘을 구현함으로써, 화재로 인한 주전원 및/또는 예비전원 차단시의 경우에도 창문을 쉽게 닫을 수 있으며, 이에 따라 제연구역 내의 압력 확보가 가능하여 유독가스를 포함하는 연기가 제연구역 및 피난경로로 유입되는 것을 효과적으로 차단할 수 있는 등 화재에 의한 사상자를 줄일 수 있는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above, it is possible to automatically close the window in 4 seconds when the building fire occurs, as well as using a combination of a worm wheel and worm shaft capable of power transmission in the opposite direction of the output shaft. By implementing a new type of window opening and closing mechanism that allows the user to close the window manually, the window can be easily closed even when the main power and / or backup power are cut off due to the fire, thereby ensuring the pressure in the ventilation area. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic closing device for windows that can reduce casualties due to fire, such as to effectively prevent the smoke containing toxic gas flow into the smoke control area and evacuation route.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서 제공하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치는 다음과 같은 특징이 있다. In order to achieve the above object, the automatic closing device for a window provided in the present invention has the following features.
상기 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치는 화재 발생시 자동으로 창문을 폐쇄시킬 수 있는 것으로서, 내부에 기어실과 체인실을 가지면서 창문의 프레임에 설치되는 하우징과, 상기 하우징의 일측에 설치되며 출력측에는 기어실에 위치되는 구동기어가 장착되어 있는 모터와, 상기 하우징의 내부에서 베어링에 의해 지지되는 구조로 설치되며 한쪽 단부에는 모터측의 구동기어와 치합 전동가능한 피동기어가 장착되어 있는 동시에 길이 중간에는 웜이 장착되어 있는 웜샤프트와, 상기 하우징의 내부에서 베어링에 의해 지지되는 구조로 설치되며 웜샤프트와 교차하는 방향으로 배치되면서 웜과 치합 전동가능하게 되고 한쪽 단부에는 체인실에 위치되는 스프로킷이 장착되어 있는 웜휠과, 상기 체인실의 내외측으로 수납 및 인출이 가능하고 한쪽 단부는 창문과 연결되며 웜휠의 스프로킷에 의해 구동되면서 창문을 당겨주는 체인을 포함하는 구조로 이루어지는 것이 특징이다. The automatic closing device for the window is to close the window automatically in the event of a fire, the housing is installed in the frame of the window having a gear chamber and a chain chamber inside, and installed on one side of the housing and located in the gear chamber on the output side The motor is equipped with a drive gear is mounted, and the structure is supported by a bearing in the interior of the housing, one end is equipped with a drive gear and a motor driven driven gear on the motor side, and at the same time the worm is mounted in the middle A worm shaft which is installed in a structure supported by a bearing in the housing and is disposed in a direction intersecting with the worm shaft so as to be able to engage with the worm and be mounted at one end thereof with a worm wheel mounted at a chain chamber; It is possible to store and withdraw the inside and outside of the chain chamber, one end of the window and Results and is characterized by consisting of a structure comprising a chain as that driven by the sprockets of the worm wheel by pulling the window.
여기서, 상기 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치의 웜샤프트의 웜과 웜휠은 45°경사진 헬리컬 형상의 기어치를 갖도록 함으로써, 웜휠의 회전에 의해 웜샤프트가 회전할 수 있도록 할 수 있고, 따라서 수동조작에 의해 출력축의 반대방향으로 동력을 전달할 수 있도록 하는 것이 바람직하다. Here, the worm and the worm wheel of the worm shaft of the automatic closing device for the window has a helical gear tooth inclined at 45 °, so that the worm shaft can be rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel, and thus the output shaft by manual operation It is desirable to be able to transmit power in the opposite direction of.
그리고, 상기 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치는 일정한 힘이 가해지는 경우에만 창문이 열리도록 하기 위하여, 웜휠의 기어치 갯수를 웜샤프트에 있는 웜의 기어치 갯수보다 크게 설정하는 것, 예를 들면 웜휠과 웜샤프트에 있는 웜 간의 기어치 비율을 12:11로 설정하는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, the automatic closing device for windows sets the number of gears of the worm wheel to be larger than the number of gears of the worm on the worm shaft, such that the window opens only when a constant force is applied, for example, the worm wheel and the worm. Preferably, the gear ratio between the worms on the shaft is set to 12:11.
도 1a 및 1b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 나타내는 저면도 및 좌우측면도1A and 1B are bottom and left and right side views illustrating an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치에서 웜샤프트와 웜휠 조합을 나타내는 사시도2 is a perspective view showing a combination of a worm shaft and a worm wheel in the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치의 설치상태를 나타내는 정면도 및 측면도Figure 3 is a front view and a side view showing the installation state of the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 나타내는 평면도Figure 4 is a plan view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1a 및 1b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 나타내는 저면도 및 좌우측면도이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치에서 웜샤프트와 웜휠 조합을 나타내는 사시도이다. 1a and 1b is a bottom view and left and right side views showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a combination of a worm shaft and worm wheel in the automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a perspective view showing.
도 1a 및 1b와 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치는 건물의 화재 발생시 작동신호에 의해 자동적으로 창문을 폐쇄시킬 수 있고, 특히 화재로 인해 주전원 및/또는 예비전원이 차단되는 경우에도 사용자가 수동으로 창문을 쉽게 닫을 수 있거나, 또 필요시 사용자가 수동으로 창문을 60N 이하의 힘으로 열 수 있는 구조로 이루어진다. As shown in Figures 1a and 1b and 2, the automatic closing device for the window can automatically close the window by the operation signal in the event of a fire in the building, in particular the main power and / or reserve power is cut off due to the fire Even if the user can easily close the window manually, or if necessary, the user can manually open the window with a force of 60N or less.
이를 위하여, 창문의 프레임, 예를 들면 알루미늄 샤시 등으로 되어 있는 프레임의 실내측에 설치되는 사각 케이스 형태의 하우징(12)이 마련되고, 상기 하우징(12)의 내부는 칸막이에 의해 아래쪽으로는 기어류가 배치되는 기어실(10)이, 윗쪽으로는 체인의 수용을 위한 체인실(11)이 각각 조성된다. To this end, a housing 12 in the form of a square case is provided on the interior side of a frame of a window, for example, an aluminum chassis, etc., and the interior of the housing 12 is geared downward by a partition. In the gear chamber 10 in which the flow is arrange | positioned, the chain chamber 11 for accommodating a chain is formed above, respectively.
그리고, 상기 하우징(12)의 전면에는 체인실(11)과 통하는 입구가 형성되며, 이때의 입구를 통해서 후술하는 체인(20)의 수납과 인출이 이루어질 수 있게 된다. In addition, an inlet communicating with the chain chamber 11 is formed on the front surface of the housing 12, through which the inlet and withdrawal of the chain 20 to be described later can be made.
창문의 자동 폐쇄 및 수동 개폐를 위한 동력수단으로서 모터(14)가 마련된다. A motor 14 is provided as a power means for automatic closing and manual opening and closing of windows.
상기 모터(14)는 전단부에 감속기어뭉치(22)를 내장하고 있는 모터로서, 하우징(12)의 한쪽 측면에 이와 나란하게 설치된다. The motor 14 is a motor incorporating the gear reducer 22 at the front end, and is installed in parallel with one side of the housing 12.
이렇게 설치되는 모터(14)의 출력측, 즉 모터 동력이 감속되어 최종 출력되는 샤프트의 단부는 하우징(12)에 형성되어 있는 기어실(10)의 내부에 위치되고, 이때의 샤프트 단부에는 동력전달을 위한 구동기어(13)가 장착된다. The output side of the motor 14 thus installed, that is, the end of the shaft where the motor power is decelerated and finally output, is located inside the gear chamber 10 formed in the housing 12, and at this time, power transmission is applied to the shaft end. The drive gear 13 for is mounted.
이에 따라, 모터(14)의 동력은 소정의 감속을 거쳐 구동기어(13)의 회전으로 이어지면서 후술하는 웜샤프트 및 웜휠측으로 제공될 수 있게 된다. Accordingly, the power of the motor 14 may be provided to the worm shaft and the worm wheel, which will be described later while leading to the rotation of the drive gear 13 through a predetermined deceleration.
특히, 이때의 모터(14)는 작은 공간에서도 큰 감속비를 얻을 수 있는 모터로서, 모터(14)의 감속비, 즉 모터 축과 출력측인 샤프트가 돌아가는 속도의 비율은 1:30 정도의 감속비를 갖도록 하여 60N 이하 힘으로 열리고 60Pa의 차압에서 열리지 않도록 하는 것이 바람직하다. In particular, the motor 14 at this time is a motor that can obtain a large reduction ratio even in a small space, and the reduction ratio of the motor 14, that is, the ratio of the speed at which the motor shaft and the shaft on the output side rotates has a reduction ratio of about 1:30. It is preferable to open with a force of 60 N or less and not to open at a differential pressure of 60 Pa.
여기서, 상기 모터 감속비 1:30은 제연구역과 화재가 발생한 장소(옥내) 간의 차압이 60Pa 에 해당하는 힘을 견디기 위한 조건으로 다양한 비율에 대한 반복적인 설계 및 실험을 통하여 얻은 값이다. Here, the motor deceleration ratio 1:30 is a value obtained through iterative design and experiment for various ratios as a condition for enduring a force corresponding to a pressure of 60 Pa between the ventilation area and the place (indoor) where the fire occurred.
상기 모터(14)의 동력을 받아 구동되면서 실질적으로 체인(20)을 당겨주거나, 또는 수동조작을 통해 정역방향으로 구동이 가능한 수단으로 웜샤프트(17)와 웜휠(19)이 마련된다. The worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19 are provided as a means capable of driving the chain 20 substantially while being driven by the power of the motor 14 or driving in the forward and reverse directions through manual operation.
상기 웜샤프트(17)와 웜휠(19)은 모터가 설치된 방향과 수직방향(여닫이 창문이 열리고 닫히는 방향)으로 동력을 전달하는 수단으로서, 상기 웜샤프트(17)는 하우징(12)에 형성되어 있는 기어실(10)의 내부에서 베어링에 의해 양단이 지지되는 구조로 설치되고, 상기 웜휠(19)은 웜샤프트(17)에 대해 90°교차하는 방향으로 배치되면서 기어실(10)과 체인실(11)에 걸쳐 역시 베어링에 의해 지지되는 구조로 설치된다. The worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19 are means for transmitting power in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the motor is installed (a direction in which the casement opens and closes), and the worm shaft 17 is formed in the housing 12. The gear chamber 10 is installed in a structure in which both ends are supported by a bearing, and the worm wheel 19 is disposed in a direction crossing 90 ° with respect to the worm shaft 17, and the gear chamber 10 and the chain chamber ( 11) is also installed in a structure supported by bearings.
여기서, 상기 웜샤프트(17)의 한쪽 단부에는 피동기어(15)가 장착되며, 이때의 피동기어(15)는 모터측의 구동기어(13)와 치합되어 동력을 전달받을 수 있게 된다. Here, the driven gear 15 is mounted at one end of the worm shaft 17, and the driven gear 15 is engaged with the drive gear 13 on the motor side to receive power.
또한, 상기 웜샤프트(17)의 길이 중간쯤되는 위치에는 웜(16)이 장착되며, 이 웜(16)이 웜휠(19)과 치합되므로서, 웜샤프트(17)와 웜휠(19) 간의 동력전달이 가능하게 된다. In addition, a worm 16 is mounted at a position about halfway along the length of the worm shaft 17, and the worm 16 is engaged with the worm wheel 19, thereby providing power between the worm shaft 17 and the worm wheel 19. Delivery is possible.
그리고, 상기 웜휠(19)의 한쪽 단부에는 체인실(11)의 내부에 위치되는 스프로킷(18)이 장착되며, 이때의 스프로킷(18)은 체인(20)을 걸어서 당기거나 밀어내는 역할을 하게 된다. And, one end of the worm wheel 19 is mounted a sprocket 18 located inside the chain chamber 11, the sprocket 18 at this time serves to pull or push the chain 20 by walking .
특히, 상기 웜샤프트(17)에 있는 웜(16)과 웜휠(19)은 45°경사진 헬리컬 형상의 기어치를 가지고 있으며, 이에 따라 웜휠(19)의 회전에 의해 웜샤프트(17)가 회전할 수 있게 되고, 결국 사용자의 수동조작으로 출력축의 반대방향으로 동력을 전달할 수 있게 된다. In particular, the worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 in the worm shaft 17 has a helical gear tooth inclined 45 °, accordingly, the worm shaft 17 is rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel 19. In the end, it is possible to transmit power in the opposite direction of the output shaft by the user's manual operation.
보통 웜샤프트와 웜휠 조합의 경우에 출력축의 반대방향으로 회전력이 전달되지 못하여 수동으로 창문을 개폐할 수 없지만, 즉 출력축(웜휠)의 회전에 의해 입력축(웜샤프트)가 회전할 수 없어 수동으로 동력을 전달할 수 없지만, 본 발명에서는 웜샤프트의 웜과 웜휠의 기어치의 형상을 45°경사진 헬리컬 형상으로 구성함으로써, 정방향으로는 물론 역방향으로도 동력이 전달될 수 있게 되고, 따라서 사용자가 수동으로 창문을 열거나 닫을 수 있게 된다. Normally, in the case of the worm shaft and worm wheel combination, the rotational force cannot be transmitted in the opposite direction of the output shaft, so that the window cannot be opened and closed manually. That is, the input shaft (worm shaft) cannot rotate due to the rotation of the output shaft (worm wheel). In the present invention, the worm shaft and the gear teeth of the worm wheel are inclined by 45 ° to form a helical shape, so that power can be transmitted in the forward direction and the reverse direction. You can open or close it.
특히, 상기 웜휠(19)의 기어치 갯수는 웜샤프트(17)에 있는 웜(16)의 기어치 갯수보다 크게 설정하는 것이 바람직하다. In particular, the number of gear teeth of the worm wheel 19 is preferably set larger than the number of gear teeth of the worm 16 in the worm shaft 17.
예를 들면, 수동으로 창문을 여는 경우에는 소정의 힘이 가해지는 경우에만 열리도록 하기 위해서 웜샤프트(17)에 있는 웜(16)의 기어치보다 웜휠(19)의 기어치 갯수를 많게 구성하는 것이 바람직하다. For example, when the window is opened manually, the number of gears of the worm wheel 19 is larger than that of the worm 16 on the worm shaft 17 so that the window opens only when a predetermined force is applied. It is preferable.
즉, 일반 차압용 자동 폐쇄 장치에서는 제연구역과 옥내 사이의 최소 차압이 40Pa ~ 60Pa 으로 유지되어야 하며, 따라서 제연구역과 옥내 사이의 차압이 60Pa 정도가 될 때까지는 창문이 열리지 않아야 한다. In other words, in a normal differential pressure automatic closing device, the minimum differential pressure between the ventilation area and indoors must be maintained between 40 Pa and 60 Pa. Therefore, the window should not be opened until the differential pressure between the ventilation area and indoors is about 60 Pa.
만일, 상기 웜과 웜휠의 기어치의 비율을 1:1로 하는 경우, 예를 들어 웜(16)과 웜휠(19)의 기어치의 갯수를 12:12로 하는 경우에는 제연구역과 옥내의 작은 압력차에 의해서도 창문이 쉽게 개방되어 차압효과를 볼 수 없게 된다. If the ratio of the gear teeth of the worm and the worm wheel is 1: 1, for example, when the number of gear teeth of the worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 is 12:12, a small pressure difference between the ventilation zone and the indoor Also, the window is easily opened so that the differential pressure cannot be seen.
따라서, 본 발명에서는 출력축에 저항치를 주어서 일정한 힘(차압이 60Pa 정도에 해당하는 힘) 가해지는 경우에만 창문이 열리도록 하기 위하여, 출력축의 기어치의 갯수를 입력축의 기어치의 갯수보다 크게 함으로써, 일 예로서 웜휠(19)과 웜(16) 간의 기어치 갯수를 12:11로 설정함으로써, 출력축의 저항치가 증가되도록 하는 구성을 제공한다. Therefore, in the present invention, the number of gears of the output shaft is greater than the number of gears of the input shaft in order to open the window only when a constant force (force of differential pressure equal to about 60 Pa) is applied to the output shaft. By setting the number of gears between the worm wheel 19 and the worm 16 as 12:11, a configuration is provided in which the resistance value of the output shaft is increased.
이렇게 웜휠(19)과 웜(16)의 기어치의 갯수를 12:11로 설정한 것은 위의 모터 감속비 1:30과 마찬가지로 차압이 60Pa 에 해당하는 힘을 견디기 위한 조건으로 60N 힘 이하로 열리고 60Pa 의 차합에 열리지 않도록 다양한 비율에 대한 반복적인 설계 및 실험을 통하여 얻은 값이다. Thus, the number of gears of the worm wheel 19 and the worm 16 is set to 12:11. Like the motor deceleration ratio 1:30 above, the differential pressure is opened under 60 N force and under 60 N force under the condition to endure the force corresponding to 60 Pa. It is a value obtained through iterative design and experiment for various ratios so as not to open the difference.
한편, 실질적으로 창문을 움직여주는 수단으로 체인(20)이 마련되고, 이때의 체인(20)은 하우징(12)에 있는 체인실(11)의 내외측으로 수납 및 인출이 가능한 구조로 설치된다. On the other hand, the chain 20 is provided as a means for substantially moving the window, the chain 20 is installed in a structure that can be stored and withdrawn to the inside and outside of the chain chamber 11 in the housing 12.
상기 체인(20)은 한쪽을 자유단으로 하고 다른 한쪽은 어댑터(23)를 통해 창문에 연결되며, 체인실(11)에 위치되어 있는 스프로킷(18)의 일부 둘레에 걸려져 스프로킷(18)의 회전에 의해 이동할 수 있도록 되어 있다. The chain 20 has one end at its free end and the other side is connected to the window via an adapter 23, and is hooked around a portion of the sprocket 18 located in the chain chamber 11 of the sprocket 18. It can be moved by rotation.
즉, 상기 스프로킷(18)이 평면에서 봤을 때 반시계 방향으로 회전하면 체인(20)이 체인실(11)의 밖으로 밀려 나가면서 창문이 열려질 수 있게 되고, 시계 방향으로 회전하면 체인(20)이 체인실(11)의 안으로 당겨 들어오면서 창문이 닫혀질 수 있게 된다. That is, when the sprocket 18 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction when viewed in a plane, the window 20 can be opened while the chain 20 is pushed out of the chain chamber 11, the chain 20 when rotated in the clockwise direction The window can be closed by pulling into the chain chamber 11.
또한, 상기 체인(20)의 수납 및 인출 작동이 원활히 이루어질 수 있도록 이를 안내하는 수단으로 체인 가이드(21)가 마련된다. In addition, the chain guide 21 is provided as a means for guiding the chain 20 so as to facilitate the storage and withdrawal operation.
상기 체인 가이드(21)는 체인측과 접하는 오목한 호(弧) 형상의 안내면을 갖는 가이드로서, 체인실(11)의 입구측 내부에서 스프로킷(18)의 둘레를 따라 위치되는 구조로 설치되어, 체인실(11) 내의 체인(20)이 입구측으로 방향을 꺽어 쉽게 인출될 수 있도록 해주고, 또 체인실(11)의 내부로 들어오는 체인(20)을 체인실 길다란 내부 공간 안쪽으로 자연스럽게 수납될 수 있도록 해주는 역할을 하게 된다. The chain guide 21 is a guide having a concave arc-shaped guide surface in contact with the chain side. The chain guide 21 is installed in a structure located along the circumference of the sprocket 18 inside the inlet side of the chain chamber 11, so that the chain The chain 20 in the seal 11 can be easily drawn out by turning the direction toward the entrance side, and also allows the chain 20 coming into the chain chamber 11 to be naturally stored into the chain thread long inner space. It will play a role.
그리고, 상기 체인실(11)의 내부에 들어오는 체인(20)은 소정의 궤적을 따라 이동되어 체인실 내부에서 한두차례 꺽인 상태로 수납될 수 있게 된다. In addition, the chain 20 coming into the chain chamber 11 may be moved along a predetermined trajectory to be stored in a state of being bent one or two times in the chain chamber.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 나타내는 정면도 및 측면도이다. 3 is a front view and a side view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3에 도시한 바와 같이, 창문 프레임(100)의 실내측 하단에는 자동 폐쇄 장치(110)가 설치되고, 상기 자동 폐쇄 장치(110)의 하우징(12)으로부터 밖으로 나와 있는 체인측 어댑터(23)는 창문(120)의 실내측 하단에 연결 설치된다. As shown in FIG. 3, an auto closing device 110 is installed at an interior lower end of the window frame 100, and a chain side adapter 23 extending out of the housing 12 of the auto closing device 110. Is connected to the indoor side bottom of the window 120 is installed.
여기서, 체인(20)의 끝에 부착되어 있는 어댑터(23)는 창문측 브라켓(미도시)에 핀에 의해 연결되는 방식으로 설치될 수 있게 되고, 상기 하우징(12)의 경우에는 창문 프레임(100)에 스크류 체결구조 등으로 설치될 수 있게 된다. Here, the adapter 23 attached to the end of the chain 20 can be installed in a manner that is connected to the window bracket (not shown) by a pin, in the case of the housing 12 window frame 100 It can be installed in the screw fastening structure or the like.
그리고, 상기 자동 폐쇄 장치(110)의 하우징(12) 내부에는 별도의 보조 전원수단으로 배터리(미도시)가 내장될 수 있으며, 주전원이나 예비전원이 차단된 경우에도 배터리 전원을 이용하여 자동 폐쇄 장치(110)의 모터를 구동시킬 수 있게 된다. In addition, a battery (not shown) may be built in the housing 12 of the automatic closing device 110 as a separate auxiliary power means, and the automatic closing device using the battery power even when the main power or the backup power is cut off. The motor of 110 can be driven.
한편, 본 발명은 자동으로 폐쇄 도중 사람의 신체 및 이물질이 창문에 끼었을 경우의 장애물부하가 6kgf/cm2 이상일 경우에 모터(16)를 역박향으로 회전시켜 창문을 자동으로 일정 거리를 후진하도록 하여 안전을 고려하였으며, 이 경우 다시 2초 후 8kgf/cm2 의 힘으로 자동 폐쇄됨으로써 안전예방은 물론 폐쇄 도중 일어날 수 있는 창틀 끼임 사고의 줄임 효과를 볼 수 있도록 창문 자동 폐쇄가 제어된다. On the other hand, the present invention is to automatically reverse the window by rotating the motor 16 in the reverse direction when the obstacle load of the human body and foreign matter stuck in the window during the closing automatically 6kgf / cm 2 or more In this case, automatic closing by 8kgf / cm 2 after 2 seconds, the automatic window closing is controlled to see the effect of safety prevention as well as reduction of window frame clamping accident that can occur during closing.
또한 이와 같이 창문에 사람의 손 등의 끼임이 발생 중에 화재 감지시에는 창문을 패쇄할 때까지 점진적으로 폐쇄 힘을 올려 주도록 하여 신체 손상을 최대한 줄이도록 창문 폐쇄가 자동 제어된다. In addition, during the detection of a fire while the human hand is caught in the window as described above, the closing of the window is automatically controlled to increase the closing force gradually until the window is closed until the window is closed.
따라서, 이와 같이 구성되는 자동 폐쇄 장치의 작동상태를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. Therefore, looking at the operating state of the automatic closing device is configured as follows.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치를 나타내는 평면도이다. Figure 4 is a plan view showing an automatic closing device for a window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4에 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 자동 폐쇄 장치는 화재 발생시 자동으로 작동되어 창문을 폐쇄시키게 된다. As shown in Figure 4, the automatic closing device is automatically activated in the event of a fire to close the window.
예를 들면, 화재가 발생하면 화재감지기(미도시)의 신호가 컨트롤러(미도시)의 입력되고, 이때의 컨트롤러는 자동 폐쇄 장치의 모터(14)를 출력 제어하여 창문을 폐쇄할 수 있게 된다. For example, when a fire occurs, a signal of a fire detector (not shown) is input by a controller (not shown), and the controller can control the output of the motor 14 of the automatic closing device to close the window.
즉, 모터(14)의 작동→구동기어(13)와 피동기어(15)의 전동→웜샤프트(17)의 회전→웜(16)과 웜휠(19)의 전동 및 웜휠(19)의 회전→스프로킷(18)의 회전의 순서로 동력이 전달되면서 하우징(12)의 밖으로 인출되어 있던 체인(20)이 하우징(12)의 내부로 수납되면서 창문(120)을 당겨줌으로써, 창문(120)이 폐쇄될 수 있게 된다. That is, the operation of the motor 14 → transmission of the drive gear 13 and driven gear 15 → rotation of the worm shaft 17 → transmission of the worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 and rotation of the worm wheel 19 → As power is transmitted in the order of rotation of the sprocket 18, the chain 20 drawn out of the housing 12 is pulled into the housing 12 while pulling the window 120, thereby closing the window 120. It becomes possible.
그리고, 평상시에는 수동을 창문을 개폐시킬 수 있음은 물론이다. And, of course, the window can be opened and closed manually.
한편, 화재 발생으로 인한 전원 OFF시 이때에는 수동으로 창문을 폐쇄시킬 수 있게 된다. On the other hand, when the power off due to the fire occurs it is possible to manually close the window.
예를 들면, 화재 발생으로 주전원 및/또는 예비전원이 차단된 경우에는 모터(14)의 작동을 통한 창문 폐쇄가 불가능하게 되는데, 이때 사용자가 체인(20)을 당기게 되면 스프로킷(18)의 회전→웜휠(19)의 회전→웜휠(19)과 웜(16)의 전동→웜샤프트(17)의 회전의 순서로 작동이 이루어지면서 하우징(12)의 내부로 체인(20)을 강제로 수납시킬 수 있게 되고, 결국 체인(20)의 수납과 함께 창문(120)을 폐쇄시킬 수 있게 된다. For example, when the main power and / or the preliminary power are cut off due to a fire, it is impossible to close the window through the operation of the motor 14, and when the user pulls the chain 20, the rotation of the sprocket 18 → The chain 20 can be forcibly stored inside the housing 12 while the worm wheel 19 is rotated → the worm wheel 19 and the worm 16 are driven, and the worm shaft 17 is rotated. In turn, it is possible to close the window 120 with the storage of the chain 20.
물론, 모터(14)의 전원이 OFF된 상태에서는 모터(14)의 출력측 구동기어(13)는 프리한 상태이므로, 웜샤프트(17)가 회전하는데에는 문제가 없게 된다. Of course, since the output side drive gear 13 of the motor 14 is free when the power of the motor 14 is turned off, there is no problem for the worm shaft 17 to rotate.
이와 같이, 본 발명에서는 건물의 화재 발생시 수동으로 창문을 폐쇄시킬 수 있고, 또 평상시에도 창문을 수동조작으로 열거나 닫을 수 있는 창문 자동 폐쇄 장치를 구현함으로써, 화재에 의해 주전원 및/또는 예비전원이 차단된 경우에도 창문을 즉시 폐쇄시킬 수 있고, 결국 제연구역으로 유독가스가 유입되는 것을 차단하여 피난경로를 안전하게 확보할 수 있는 등 화재로 인한 사상자를 줄일 수 있고, 화재 진압은 물론 인명구조 작업을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있게 되는 것이다. As described above, the present invention implements an automatic window closing device that can manually close a window when a building fire occurs, and can open or close a window manually by a normal operation, whereby the main power and / or the reserve power supply are generated by the fire. Even if it is blocked, the window can be closed immediately, and finally, the toxic gas can be prevented from entering into the smoke control area to secure an evacuation route, thereby reducing casualties due to fire, and fighting fires and saving lives. It can be done effectively.

Claims (6)

  1. 내부에 기어실(10)과 체인실(11)을 가지면서 창문의 프레임에 설치되는 하우징(12);A housing 12 installed in the frame of the window while having the gear chamber 10 and the chain chamber 11 therein;
    상기 하우징(12)의 일측에 설치되며 출력측에는 기어실(10)에 위치되는 구동기어(13)가 장착되어 있는 모터(14);A motor (14) mounted on one side of the housing (12) and equipped with a drive gear (13) positioned in the gear chamber (10) on the output side;
    상기 하우징(12)의 내부에서 베어링에 의해 지지되는 구조로 설치되며 한쪽It is installed in a structure supported by a bearing in the housing 12 and one side
    단부에는 모터측의 구동기어(13)와 치합 전동가능한 피동기어(15)가 장착되어 있는 동시에 길이 중간에는 웜(16)이 장착되어 있는 웜샤프트(17);A worm shaft 17 on which the drive gear 13 on the motor side and the driven gear 15 that can engage with the motor are mounted at the end, and the worm 16 is mounted in the middle of the length;
    상기 하우징(12)의 내부에서 베어링에 의해 지지되는 구조로 설치되며 웜샤Installed in the structure supported by the bearing in the housing 12 and the worm
    프트(17)와 교차하는 방향으로 배치되면서 웜(16)과 치합 전동가능하게 되고 한쪽 단부에는 체인실(11)에 위치되는 스프로킷(18)이 장착되어 있는 웜휠(19);A worm wheel 19 which is disposed in a direction intersecting with the shaft 17 so as to be engaged with the worm 16 and is mounted at one end thereof with a sprocket 18 positioned in the chain chamber 11;
    상기 체인실(11)의 내외측으로 수납 및 인출이 가능하고 한쪽 단부는 창문과 연결되며 웜휠(19)의 스프로킷(18)에 의해 구동되면서 창문을 당겨주는 체인(20);을 포함하며, 화재 발생시 자동으로 창문을 폐쇄시킬 수 있도록 된 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.It can be stored and withdrawn to the inside and outside of the chain chamber 11, one end is connected to the window and driven by the sprocket 18 of the worm wheel 19, the chain 20 for pulling the window; includes, in case of fire An automatic closing device for a window, characterized in that the window can be closed automatically.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서, The method according to claim 1,
    상기 웜샤프트(17)의 웜(16)과 웜휠(19)은 45°경사진 헬리컬 형상의 기어치를 가짐으로써 웜휠(19)의 회전에 의해 웜샤프트(17)가 회전할 수 있어 수동조작에 의해 출력축의 반대방향으로 동력을 전달할 수 있도록 된 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.The worm 16 and the worm wheel 19 of the worm shaft 17 have a helical gear tooth inclined at 45 ° so that the worm shaft 17 can be rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel 19. Automatic closing device for a window, characterized in that the power can be transmitted in the opposite direction of the output shaft.
  3. 청구항 1 또는 청구항 2에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    상기 웜휠(19)의 기어치 갯수는 웜샤프트(17)에 있는 웜(16)의 기어치 갯수보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.The number of gears of the worm wheel (19) is greater than the number of gears of the worm (16) in the worm shaft (17).
  4. 청구항 3에 있어서, The method according to claim 3,
    상기 웜휠(19)과 웜샤프트(17)에 있는 웜(16) 간의 기어치 비율은 12:11인 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.The gear ratio between the worm wheel (19) and the worm (16) in the worm shaft (17) is 12: 11, automatic closing device for a window.
  5. 청구항 1 또는 청구항 2에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    상기 모터(14)의 축과 출력측은 1:30의 감속비를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.The shaft and the output side of the motor 14 has a reduction ratio of 1:30, characterized in that the automatic closing device for a window.
  6. 청구항 1에 있어서, The method according to claim 1,
    상기 체인실(11)의 입구측 내부에는 스프로킷(18)의 둘레를 따라 위치되면서 체인(20)의 수납 및 인출을 안내하는 호(弧) 형상의 체인 가이드(21)가 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 창문용 자동 폐쇄 장치.Inside the inlet side of the chain chamber 11 is located along the circumference of the sprocket 18, characterized in that the arc-shaped chain guide 21 for guiding the storage and withdrawal of the chain 20 is installed Automatic closing device for windows.
PCT/KR2013/000900 2012-02-06 2013-02-05 Self-closing device for windows WO2013119011A1 (en)

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CN108691977A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-23 中山久力包装科技有限公司 Worm gear speed reducer
CN108798360A (en) * 2018-02-01 2018-11-13 李绍辉 Smog Quick diffusing method based on the communication technology
CN113605827A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-11-05 浙江鸿翔建设集团股份有限公司 Building exterior window sunshade heat preservation integrative outer envelope
CN114439342A (en) * 2022-03-24 2022-05-06 武汉贝斯汀智能设备有限公司 Double-chain type electric window opening device for super high-rise building

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KR101446986B1 (en) 2014-02-14 2014-10-07 주식회사 대륙기업 The automatic closing apparatus for window.
KR101726999B1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2017-04-14 한국울트라 주식회사 An automatic occulter for windows
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KR102263668B1 (en) 2019-11-19 2021-06-09 박기환 Flue gas switchgear with manual opening and closing function
KR102263672B1 (en) 2019-11-19 2021-06-09 박기환 Flue gas switchgear with smoke control
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CN108279287A (en) * 2018-02-01 2018-07-13 李绍辉 Smog Quick diffusing system based on the communication technology
CN108798360A (en) * 2018-02-01 2018-11-13 李绍辉 Smog Quick diffusing method based on the communication technology
CN108691977A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-23 中山久力包装科技有限公司 Worm gear speed reducer
CN113605827A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-11-05 浙江鸿翔建设集团股份有限公司 Building exterior window sunshade heat preservation integrative outer envelope
CN113605827B (en) * 2021-06-28 2023-01-06 浙江鸿翔建设集团股份有限公司 Building exterior window sunshade heat preservation integrative outer envelope
CN114439342A (en) * 2022-03-24 2022-05-06 武汉贝斯汀智能设备有限公司 Double-chain type electric window opening device for super high-rise building

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