WO2013105843A1 - Vertical-axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable surrounding baffle having independent couplings - Google Patents
Vertical-axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable surrounding baffle having independent couplings Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013105843A1 WO2013105843A1 PCT/MX2013/000005 MX2013000005W WO2013105843A1 WO 2013105843 A1 WO2013105843 A1 WO 2013105843A1 MX 2013000005 W MX2013000005 W MX 2013000005W WO 2013105843 A1 WO2013105843 A1 WO 2013105843A1
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- Prior art keywords
- circular
- metal
- rotor
- sectors
- deflector
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
- F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable wrap-around baffle with independent couplings, designed to repower existing or newly created wind farms, as well as locations in urban areas (buildings, residential homes, shopping centers, etc. .), being one of the main characteristics that can be scalable with independent mechanical connection between its rotational elements, with the objective of increasing the density of wind energy, resulting in greater electrical production.
- the diameter of the three-blade rotor increases, if the diameter increases, the size of the hub or shaft increases, the size of the power train or multiplier increases (for which they are not directly driven), it increases
- the size of the generator in short, proportionally increases the weight of the machine, which will be located on the top of a tower that will also suffer a considerable increase in both height and weight, increasing cyclic loads, the latter due mainly to the moment beaver to which the base of the tower is subjected, it is therefore necessary to think that the size limit that these turbines are approaching is their main disadvantage to the near future, in addition to not being able to be positioned near urban areas due to the increase in roughness coefficient to which the wind is subjected.
- the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings which the invention proposes, constitutes a remarkable advance in the use of energy resources from the wind.
- the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings which the invention proposes, solves the limitations by adopting differentiated configurations in THREE SOLUTIONS.
- the FIRST SOLUTION is to upgrade existing horizontal axis turbines, adding the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, substantially increasing electrical production, without removing the existing turbine, and without affecting it the dynamic moments that could interfere in the electrical production of the existing horizontal axis wind turbine, since it would be positioned at the base of the latter, using the tower as the axis of the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with couplings independent.
- the SECOND SOLUTION is to repower existing horizontal axis wind turbines by adding the vertical axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, removing the horizontal axis wind turbines that have concluded their life cycle, except for the tower that will serve as an axis to the vertical axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, as proposed.
- the THIRD SOLUTION is to position the vertical-axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings in new enclaves, such as new wind farms, in urban areas (roofs of buildings, residential homes, centers commercials, etc.).
- the FIRST and SECOND SOLUTIONS have as common denominator, that they use the tower (which can be tubular of truncated conical steel, lattice or reinforced concrete) as the axis of the rotor, of the deflector and of the generator, adapting by constructive means to the tower.
- the tower which can be tubular of truncated conical steel, lattice or reinforced concrete
- the THIRD SOLUTION is for new enclaves and can be manufactured from turbines of a few kW / h (kilowatts per hour) of nominal power, to large turbines of Mw / h (megawatts per hour).
- the vertical-axis wind turbine with scalable, multi-purpose, wrap-around deflector with independent couplings will have as its main characteristic, that the blades of the central rotor will receive the wind at a greater proportional distance from the axis, that is , that when the deflected wind hits the rotor, it will receive it in a sector of circular crown whose affected perimeter will be 300 ° angular of the total perimeter of the rotor.
- the vertical axis wind turbine with scalable multi-purpose wrap deflector with couplings Independent that the invention proposes consists of a deflector that surrounds the rotor, the enveloping deflector has an entrance facing the deflected wind I ran a series of deflectors up to 300 ° angular exit of the interior perimeter of! envelope deflector where it has another output deflector, which depending on the size of the vertical axis wind turbine with envelope deflector and independent generator coupling; Its orientation to the wind direction can be with direction sensors that drive geared motors, or, where appropriate, aerodynamic by wind vane.
- the vertical axis wind turbine with scalable multi-purpose wrap deflector with independent couplings which the invention proposes, is scalable, this means that they can be placed in identical stages one on top of the other.
- the vertical-axis wind turbine with scalable, multi-purpose wrap deflector with independent couplings which the invention proposes, will have modular components and can be transported in conventional trucks or semi-trailers, that is, the larger components will not exceed of measures both in weight As in dimensions, therefore, there is no need for cranes or special transports, neither will the construction of roads or special roads be necessary.
- the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings which we will now call TURBINE, consists of five groups of elements, these are the tower, which we will now call AXIS, which can be of TUBULAR AXIS of steel, metallic CELOSIA AXIS or CONCRETE AXIS.
- the enveloping deflector which we will now call ENVELOPE that will consist of elements that direct the wind towards the inside of the TURBINE, which we will call DEFLECTORS, to the set of elements that will rotate inside the ENVELOPE we will call it ROTOR.
- ENVELOPE that will consist of elements that direct the wind towards the inside of the TURBINE, which we will call DEFLECTORS, to the set of elements that will rotate inside the ENVELOPE we will call it ROTOR.
- the set of elements that transmit the power to the generators will be called POWER TRAIN when the coupling is not direct, and when the coupling is direct, we will call the set of generating elements GENER
- a metal structure with profiles I whose mission is to reinforce the horizontal axis wind turbine perimeter and vertically, will be positioned between metal plates welded to the tower, which in the case of the first solution, the profile length I, will be included between the base of the tower, to the top of the "TURBINE".
- the profiles I its length comprises from the base to the top of the tower in sections that will not exceed 12 meters, having a rectangular metal piece welded at each end with holes to join the different sections by means of screws
- the ROTOR has a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, which is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has on each side an I-shaped metal plate, where the vertical part towards the I profile has a plate metal on both L-shaped metal plates, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by their holes with screws, the lying I-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by horizontal circular sectors, They have inside rectangular drawers, which are used to house roller holders.
- roller holders are formed by a rectangular cube shaped metal part closed at the bottom, this lower part rests inside the rectangular drawers of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors, in a rectangular metal part with about holes that allow it to be fastened by screws to holes that are at the base of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors.
- roller holders will be introduced from the bottom in the vertical circular sectors and from the inside in the horizontal circular sectors up to a rectangular stop that prevents the roller holders from leaving, while allowing the circular piece to protrude, between the lower part of the cube and the metal plate that closes and that is joined by screws to the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, which will place a rectangular piece of a non-metallic material but with the ability to dampen, of perimeter dimensions equal to interior of rectangular drawers.
- That the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR and the circular metal structure and parallel to the ground for the top of the ROTOR, is composed of the union of the circular sectors, by the L-shaped metal plates and I through holes on both sides that allow the connection with screws, forming a circular metal structure parallel to the ground.
- the AXIS for the THIRD SOLUTION may be of "metallic TUBULAR AXIS”, “CELOSIA AXLE” metallic or “CONCRETE AXIS”, depending on the enclave, that is, if it is positioned on the ground or on some structure, depending on the size of the TURBINE and of the structural calculation, maintaining what is described for the FIRST AND SECOND SOLUTIONS.
- It is made up of two vertically separated circular metal structures whose outer diameter will preferably be 1% smaller than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE, and whose smaller diameter will be greater than the diameter of the AXIS.
- Each circular structure is composed of circular sectors, which has a metallic structure as a circular sector in the larger diameter that is connected by radii of structural profile with a circular sector of smaller diameter.
- Each circular sector with metal structures has a series of structural profiles strategically positioned in crossed diagonals in a number equivalent to the number of radii ranging from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ROTOR that avoids torsional moments when the power is communicated between ROTORS.
- Each circular sector with metal structures has a number of circular sectors along the strategically positioned radii.
- this circular central structure has the same height as the ALABES, this circular central structure being the aerodynamic pressure zone.
- the ALABE has a stringer positioned on the axis of symmetry of the middle rope of the ALABE that is reinforced and protrudes both from the top and bottom of the ALABE with a circular metallic axis that is introduced at the top in a bearing strategically positioned in the upper metal structure and on the part lower entering two bearings, a deep groove ball bearing and another axial ball bearing, which allows the orientation of the ALABE.
- a metal arm is welded like a horizontal lever to the bottom of the ROTOR under the sheet of the circular structure and at the opposite end a ball joint that acts as a union with another arm that the end opposite the kneecap is connected to a metal piece that will be moved by an auger which rotates driven by an electric motor, whose mission is to be able to orient the ALABES or vary the angle of attack with respect to the wind that enters tangential, as well as, aerodynamic brake when turning the ALABES to an angle where the wind does not generate energy.
- Each ALABE has an angular sensor for electronic reading.
- each of the ALABES has an electric motor, that is, if we have twenty ALABES, we will have twenty electric motors that are electrically powered by a bank of batteries strategically positioned in an area close to the AXIS, which in turn, are electrically charged by a generator
- the generator is positioned vertically at the bottom of the ROTOR, in a circular sector of the circular structure in the smaller diameter, in a structure, that the generator shaft has a gear that engages with the gear of the circular crown of the AXIS that it is fixed, in the sense, that when the ROTOR is in rotational motion, the generator supplies the energy necessary to charge the batteries.
- each ROTOR has aerodynamic tensioners that are positioned from the outer diameter of the circular structure of the base of the ROTOR, crossing the circular central structure and reaching the upper circular structure through the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR, where will hold.
- the distance traveled at the base of the ROTOR is like a larger leg
- the height from the base of the ROTOR to the upper circular structure at the bottom is like a smaller leg and the aerodynamic tensioner as a hypotenuse having this set of concepts a triangular shape .
- the end located in the outer diameter is threaded and is passed through holes made in a piece strategically positioned in the upper part of the base of the ROTOR in the outer diameter where they are put a nut and locknut and the other threaded end in the upper circular structure by the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR, crossing a piece metal with holes where a nut is placed that will tighten the aerodynamic tensioner until a horizontality is achieved with respect to the floor of the larger leg, once this horizontality is achieved, the locknut is placed.
- aerodynamic tensioners are placed whose end is positioned at the base of the ROTOR but further away from the outside diameter and the other end in the upper circular structure by the lower part of the inside diameter of the ROTOR, conforming another triangle whose major leg is smaller than the first aerodynamic tensioner, and where the smaller leg remains the same in height, being the shortest hypotenuse.
- ROTOR and the upper part of the ROTOR has vertical metal stringers in each radius placing them from the base by the upper part of the ROTOR to the upper part by the lower side, where a stringer is positioned on the inner face of a sector of the structure circular center on the right side and another on the left side calling them by the orientation to the AXIS, these stringers have lateral extensions in the upper and lower part that allows the aerodynamic tensioners to pass, other stringers are positioned on the right side and Left of the circular sector of the circular structure in the inner diameter, these stringers have at the top the pieces with holes where the aerodynamic tensioners are held and tensioned.
- the ROTOR has both in the inner diameter of the circular sector of the upper and lower circular structure on its outer side closest to the AXIS, a groove where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is introduced, from the base of the semicircle to the supporting face inside the groove on the outside of the upper and lower structure of the ROTOR that is fastened by screws, it is parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the inner top, facing the lower arc recess of the horizontal rollers positioned in the AXIS, which keeps the ROTOR advantageously concentric to the AXIS.
- the ROTOR in the lower circular structure by the inner diameter at the bottom has grooves where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is positioned from the base of the semicircle to the inside of the groove in the bottom, is formed by bolted circular sectors on the outside facing the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the ROTOR supported axially allowing the rotation of the ROTOR.
- the ROTOR has a circular structure formed by circular sectors, on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next metal circular sector in rectangular holes, once positioned they are introduced a screw of sufficient length along the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular metal sectors embraced.
- ROTOR can be scaled vertically, as many units as the total height of the AXIS, with as many units of connection to the AXIS as the number of ROTORS we have, for the SECOND SOLUTION.
- ROTOR can be scaled vertically, as many units as total height of the TURBINE, with so many connection units up to the height of the TURBINE, for the FIRST SOLUTION.
- That the ROTOR closest to the base of the AXIS, at the base of the ROTOR at the top near the inner diameter has holes where circular metal parts that we will call MALE CONNECTORS are introduced, distributed in number throughout the bottom perimeter of the base of the ROTOR, that cross the base of the ROTOR and being introduced in other circular metal pieces whose center has a circular hole whose inner diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR by calling these circular metal pieces with inner hole FEMALE CONNECTORS.
- the FEMALE CONNECTORS are positioned on the top of the POWER TRAIN or on the rotor of the ELECTRIC GENERATOR.
- That the first ROTOR closest to the base of the AXIS has in the upper circular structure on the upper outer part a number of strategically and sufficiently positioned FEMALE CONNECTORS that coincide with the MALE CONNECTORS strategically and sufficiently positioned at the base of the second ROTOR lower in number equal to the number of FEMALE CONNECTORS of the first ROTOR.
- ROTOR will have a number of horizontal circular profiles per circular sector, as well as radii depending on the structural calculation, which generates the need or not, to add more structural elements.
- the ROTOR can be configured by the type, shape and configuration of the ALABES.
- the invention proposes two groups of ROTORS.
- the first group of ROTORS has only one type of ALABES equal, positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR and the circular central structure, which have the ability to be mechanically oriented, in an ideal number of twenty WINGS.
- the second group of ROTORS has three types of ALABES positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR and the circular central structure, a larger size ALABE, a medium-sized ALABE and the last one of smaller size, all fixed, in an ideal number of five ALABES groups.
- each ROTOR in the case of several ROTORS, has its own power supply.
- each ROTOR has an electronic control center, with rectifiers, regulators, remote control unit with perimeter antenna, the angular positioning sensors of the ALABES, temperature sensors, volumetric sensors, torque sensors and all that may be needed.
- ENVELOPE.- It is composed of a circular structure whose outer diameter, preferably will be 40% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR, and whose inner diameter preferably will be 1% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR. That the description that will be made below will be the same for the FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD SOLUTIONS.
- It consists of two circular metal structures composed of circular sectors, with a larger perimeter diameter and a smaller perimeter diameter, which are connected by metal structural radii.
- These circular metal structures are covered by a metal sheet, the lower circular metal structure has the metal sheet at the top and the upper metal structure has the metal sheet at the bottom, these metal sheets are intended to encapsulate the wind that is directed to the ROTOR.
- the two circular metal structures are joined vertically by nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by sheet metal positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter.
- the ENTRY DEFLECTORS seen frontally, will be named from right to left, as FIRST DEFLECTOR, SECOND SECOND DEFLECTOR, THIRD DEFLECTOR, FOURTH DEFLECTOR, FIFTH DEFLECTOR, SIXTH DEFLECTOR AND SEVENTH DEFLECTOR.
- SEVENTH DEFLECTOR is composed of horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal sheet, positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the outer diameter of the circular structure, making a curved path to the perimeter of the inner diameter, at 300 ° angular.
- five deflectors are strategically positioned, absolutely independent of each other, whose pivot connection begins where the next deflector ends, in order to control the wind flow that reaches the rotor at 150 ° angles. That where each of the independent deflectors ends, it has a pivoting arm connected by the inner face to an engine positioned on the perimeter of the SEVENTH DEFLECTOR whose mission is to vary the angle of attack by deflecting the wind.
- the TURBINE is scalable, this means that the lower circular structure on its lower outer part of the ENVELOPE is positioned on the upper part of the circular structure on its upper outer part of the lower envelope of the first TURBINE and the one that is positioned on it it would be the second TURBINE, being that the union of the ENVELOPE of the first TURBINE and the ENVELOPE of the second TURBINE makes them a single ENVELOPE.
- the last ENVELOPE has a circular structure formed by circular sectors whose outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the ENVELOPE and the inner diameter reaches the roller holders positioned in the horizontal circular sectors in the AXIS, both diameters connected by structural radii, that the diameter closest to the AXIS has a circular structure formed by circular sectors, on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next metal circular sector in rectangular holes, once positioned, a thyme of sufficient length is introduced through the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular metal sectors embraced.
- the inner diameter has a semicircular piece with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests in a groove on the outside of the SURROUND structure that is held by screws, are in parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the part upper that faces the recess with greater arc of the rollers, which serves to keep the ENVELOPE concentric to the AXIS.
- the circular structure with the inner diameter in the lower part has a semicircular piece with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to a groove in the face that supports in the lower part, formed by circular sectors screwed by the outer part facing the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the ENVELOPE supported axially allowing the rotation of the ENVELOPE.
- the SURROUND by the part closest to the ground has a truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures formed by structural metal elements, where the major base of the truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures is attached to the bottom of the base of the ENVELOPE from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ENVELOPE, and the minor base of the truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures, has a platform that has an electric motor that by means of gears will spin four metal wheels whose Circular perimeter has a recess that supports on two concentric rails to the AXIS, which allows the ENVELOPE to be oriented by the windward ENTRANCE DEFLECTORS.
- ENVELOPE for small-sized turbines, that is, up to 10 kilowatts (kw)
- kw kilowatts
- ENVELOPE is provided with vertical metal profiles by way of blinds on the front between each of the ENVELOPE ENVELOPE DEFLECTORS with the same height of one stage for each ENVELOPE vertically, which has a motor with sufficient means for allow the rotation of vertical metal profiles, whose purpose is to prevent wind from entering when the speed exceeds the safety parameters.
- the ENVOLVENTE in multi-megawatt turbines has an area in the back near the exit baffles, which can be enabled as control offices, condominium-type residential area with a number of homes per level, for the residence of employees and their families , with all the services, such as drainage, drinking water, residential electricity, telephony, elevators, stairs, windows in the outer perimeter of the ENVELOPE, access for people with different capacities, since, the access of elevators is at ground level with ramp , which surrounds the entire base on the perimeter of the ENVELOPE mainly due to its orientation.
- POWER TRAIN The rotational power of the ROTORS is transferred to the generators by the POWER TRAIN.
- the POWER TRAIN is composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part in the AXIS, a moving part GEAR HOLDER, and the connection that connects by MALE CONNECTORS and FEMALE CONNECTORS to the ROTOR.
- the fixed part is composed of a circular metal structure and parallel to the ground for the upper part of the POWER TRAIN on the bottom, it is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has a plate on each side L-shaped metal, where the vertical part towards the profile I in the AXIS, has a metal plate on both L-shaped metal plates, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by its screw holes, the L-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by three vertical circular sectors, at the bottom of the L-shaped metal plate, and by three horizontal circular sectors to the longest part of the metal plate with L-shape, the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, have inside rectangular drawers, which serve to house the roller holders.
- POWER on the bottom it is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has on each side an L-shaped metal plate, where the vertical part towards the profile I in the AXIS, has a metal plate on both metal plates with form of L, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by its holes with thymes, the L-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by three vertical circular sectors, at the bottom of the plate L-shaped metal, and by three horizontal circular sectors to the longest part of the L-shaped metal plate, the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, inside have rectangular drawers, which serve to house the porta rollers
- roller holders are formed by a rectangular cube shaped metal part closed at the bottom, this lower part rests inside the rectangular drawers of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors, in a rectangular metal part with about holes that allow it to be fastened by screws to holes that are at the base of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors.
- the roller holders will be introduced from the bottom in the vertical circular sectors and from the inside in the horizontal circular sectors to a rectangular stop that allows the circular piece to protrude. That the roller holders of the vertical circular sectors and the roller holders of the horizontal circular sectors, in the circular piece for the roller holders positioned in the vertical circular sectors is that the circular shaped recess of the circular piece has a diameter equal to the recess which serves as an axial support for the POWER TRAIN for the upper part for the lower part and for the lower part for the lower part, for rotational sliding, and in the roller holders positioned in the horizontal circular sectors the circular shaped recess has a diameter equal to the recess, parallel to the recess that maintains the POWER TRAIN, both in its lower and upper part, concentric to the axis of rotation.
- That the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the POWER TRAIN and the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the top of the POWER TRAIN, is composed of the union of the circular sectors, by the metal plates with L-shape through holes on both sides that allow the connection with screws, forming circular metal structures parallel to the ground.
- the PORTA ENGRANE mobile part is composed of a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, whose purpose is to serve as a bearer of a toothed crown, the structure is formed by metallic circular sectors with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the diameter greater and between the top and bottom there is a groove in the perimeter of the circular sector where portions of gear are located.
- FEMALE CONNECTORS are positioned at the top of the POWER TRAIN coinciding with the inside diameter of the FEMALE CONNECTORS with the outside diameter of the cylindrical metal MALE CONNECTORS that are introduced into circular holes made in the base of the ROTOR through the top from the base of the ROTOR and coming out from the bottom of the base of the ROTOR and entering the FEMALE CONNECTORS at the top of the POWER TRAIN, coinciding the same number of FEMALE CONNECTORS with that of MALE CONNECTORS.
- cylindrical metal MALE CONNECTORS have at the top exposed at the base of the ROTOR at the top, a circular projection with a diameter greater than the diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR, with holes where screws are introduced that hold the MALE CONNECTOR at the base of the ROTOR on the upper side.
- gear portions joined together by the gear tooth valley form a circular toothed crown, which will transmit the power of the ROTOR to the GENERATORS located on the ground, transmitting the power to other gears of different diameters, the number of GENERATORS being multiple of two, that is, two, four, etc. can be set. , allowing the closing of the generation circuits depending on the wind speed, in case the power transmission is not direct.
- the GENERATORS that the invention proposes are based on permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS, which can be with external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR or internal MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR.
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with external MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER are composed of a circular structure formed by circular sectors permanently attached by screws to the structure in the AXIS, positioning them elongated and winding coils of varnished copper on the perimeter of the circular structure, We will call this set of coils STATORS.
- the synchronous generators of permanent magnets with ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS outside have a circular structure formed by circular sectors, of similar characteristics to the mobile structure PORTA ENGRANE, which in this case we will call ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS outside.
- the support system you have in the AXIS is similar to the support system that has the PORTA ENGRANE mobile structure.
- the PORTA MAGNET mobile part is composed of a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, whose purpose is to serve as a carrier of permanent magnets, the structure is formed by circular metal sectors with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part on the inner side, permanent magnets are positioned vertically advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR.
- the upper part and the lower part are separated by a distance equivalent to the height of the ESTATOR in the fixed circular structure that is positioned in the AXIS. That in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom, it has vertical grooves where semicircular pieces with rectangular extension are positioned from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the grooves at the top by the bottom and in the lower part by the lower part, formed by circular sectors screwed by the outer part of the smaller diameter, it faces the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the movable PORTA MAGNET part supported axially allowing the rotation of the MAGNET HOLDER.
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with inner MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER have a circular structure formed by circular sectors, of similar characteristics to the outer MAGNET PORTA mobile structure, which in this case we will call inner MAGNET CARRIER ROTOR, which have in the outer perimeter of the circular structure permanent magnets positioned vertically facing the coils of the ESTATOR.
- the support system you have in the AXIS is similar to the support system that has the PORTA ENGRANE mobile structure.
- That the ESTATOR of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER is positioned in a circular concrete structure, as a support, having cylindrical parts with a threaded hole inside the top and around the perimeter and on the outside some claws to be anchored inside the concrete when it is casting, the upper part of the cylindrical part is flush with the concrete at the top.
- That the ESTATOR has a circular structure formed by circular sectors at the base of which it has a metal plate with holes where screws are threaded in the threaded cylindrical parts, leaving the circular sectors of the ESTATOR anchored to the concrete.
- each circular sector of the ESTATOR on the left side by the outer face it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next sector of the ESTATOR in rectangular holes, once positioned a screw of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular sectors of the ESTATOR embraced.
- INNER MAGNET HOLDER and with the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR ESTATOR with inner MAGNET ROTOR both can be positioned in a circular concrete structure and concentrically to another permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR with internal MAGNET MOUNT ROTOR connected and positioned in the AXIS with the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR ESTATOR with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER.
- That the GENERATOR can be cooled by closed circuit of liquid or gas, whose radiator is on the ground near the base of the TOWER, or by forced air.
- ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS can be at the same time PORTA ENGRANE and add as many additional generators as the structural calculation and number of vertical stages of ROTORES allow us.
- Fig. 1.- Shows a perspective representation of the FIRST SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
- Fig. 1A.- Shows a perspective representation of a detail of the FIRST SOLUTION that the invention proposes.
- Fig. 2.- Shows a perspective representation of the SECOND SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
- Fig. 3. Shows a perspective representation of the THIRD SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
- Fig. 4.- Shows a perspective representation of the tower with fasteners for the FIRST SOLUTION.
- Fig. 4A.- Shows a perspective representation of detail A.
- Fig. 5. Shows a perspective representation of the tower with fasteners for the SECOND SOLUTION.
- Fig. 6. Shows a perspective representation of the circular structure with vertical and horizontal roller holders.
- Fig. 7.- Shows a perspective representation of the circular structure with horizontal roller holders.
- Fig. 8.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all its elements, part of the upper sheet has been removed in a sector.
- Fig. 8A.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all its central fasteners.
- Fig. 8a.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all the electrical elements.
- Fig. 8B.- Shows a perspective representation of the orientation elements of the ALABES.
- Fig. 9. Shows a representation in profile of the positioning of the aerodynamic tensioners with the diagonals without WIRES.
- Fig. 10. Shows an elevation representation of a vertical roller carrier.
- FIG. 10 A-A.- Shows a representation of SECTION A-A of the vertical roller holder.
- Fig. 1 Shows an elevation representation of a horizontal roller carrier.
- Fig. 11 B-B. Shows a representation of SECTION B-B of the horizontal roller holder.
- Fig. 12.- Shows a representation of clamping elements of the ALABES.
- Fig. 12 CC- Shows a representation of the CC SECTION of the ALABE pivot elements.
- Fig. 13.- Shows a perspective representation of the ENVELOPE where the upper cover has been removed to be able to appreciate the disposition of all the DEFLECTORS and the ROTOR.
- Fig. 14.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN and generators, positioned at the base of the TOWER.
- Fig. 14A.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN in detail.
- Fig. 14B.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN in detail.
- Fig. 15.- Shows a perspective representation of a TRAIN sector
- Fig. 16.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the POWER TRAIN, seen from another side.
- Fig. 17. Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER in the TOWER.
- Fig. 17A.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
- Fig. 17B.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen from another lateral approach.
- Fig. 18.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
- Fig. 19.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in approach from another side.
- Fig. 20.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER.
- Fig. 20A.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER, seen in lateral approach.
- Fig. 20B.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER, seen by another lateral approach.
- Fig. 21.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR INTERIOR MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
- Fig. 22.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR INTERIOR MAGNET HOLDER seen by another lateral approach.
- Fig. 23.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR in the TOWER where you can see another SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR MAGNET concentric to the TOWER.
- Fig. 24.- It shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of the ROTOR positioned in the circular structures in the TOWER where the coupling with a circular sector of an INTERNAL MAGNET PORTABLE ROTOR seen from the side can be seen.
- Fig. 25.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of the ROTOR positioned in the circular structures in the TOWER where the coupling with a circular sector of an INTERNAL MAGNET PORTABLE ROTOR seen from another side can be seen.
- Fig. 26.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of a STATOR of an INTERNAL MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER seen from the side.
- Fig. 27.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of a STATOR of an INTERNAL MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER seen from another side.
- Fig. 28.- Shows a perspective representation of the upper part of the ENVELOPE with support in the AXIS.
- Fig. 29.- It shows a representation in plan of the ENVELOPE with the ROTOR of the first group of ALABES.
- Fig. 30.- It shows a representation in plan of the ENVELOPE with the ROTOR of the second group of ALABES.
- Fig. 31.- Shows an enlarged perspective representation of the clamping of the ROTOR tensioners close to the AXIS.
- Fig. 32.- Shows an enlarged perspective representation of the clamping of the ROTOR tensioners furthest from the AXIS. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
- the AXIS (1) is the tower (1) of wind turbines (H) of horizontal axis, in the case of the FIRST (A) AND SECOND (B) SOLUTIONS and the following elements:
- the profiles (6) I their length comprises from the base to the upper part (P) of the tower (1) in sections not exceeding 12 meters, having a piece (9) rectangular metal welded at each end with holes (10) to join the different sections by means of screws.
- the AXIS (1) consists of a circular metal structure (11) and parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR (2), it is formed by circular sectors (12), where each sector (12) has on each side a plate (13) L-shaped metal, where the vertical part (14) towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (15) on both L-shaped metal plates (13), with holes to be able to attach to the flat side (16) of the profile (6) I through screw holes
- each circular metal sector (25) has on each side an I-shaped metal plate (26), where the vertical part (27) towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (28) on both I-shaped metal plates (26), with holes to be attached to the flat face (16) of the profile (6) I by its screw holes (17), the I-shaped metal plates (26), will be welded to circular metal sectors (29), formed by horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in the upper part (30) of the I-shaped metal plate (26), the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), have in their inside some rectangular drawers (31), which serve to house the roller holders (23).
- the circular metal structures (1 1) and (24) parallel to the ground for the top and bottom of the ROTOR (2) will be positioned vertically as many times as the ROTORS (2) stages we have, for the FIRST SOLUTION ( A), SECOND (B) and THIRD (C).
- the roller holders (22) are formed by rectangular metal cubes (32) closed by their lower part (33), this lower part (33) rests inside the rectangular drawers (21) of the sectors (19) vertical circular metal and horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in a rectangular metal part (34) with holes that allow it to be fastened by screws (35) to holes that are in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and sectors (20) horizontal circular metal.
- the roller holders (22) and (23) will be inserted in the part lower in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and on the inside of the horizontal circular metal sectors (20) up to a rectangular stop (45) that prevents the roller holders (22) and (23) from leaving, at the same time which allows the circular roller (42) to protrude, between the lower part of the hub (32) and the metal plate (34) that closes, which is joined by screws (35) to the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), which will be placed a rectangular piece (46) of a non-metallic material but with the ability to cushion, of equal perimeter dimensions inside the rectangular drawers (31).
- roller (42) for the roller holders (22) has a recess (43) circularly in the roller (42) with a diameter equal to the recess (43) that serves as axial support to a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension in the ROTOR (2) for its lower part to its rotational sliding
- the circular recess (48) has a diameter with a larger arc where it supports a semicircular metal part (49) with rectangular extension whose purpose It is to be able to adjust the ROTOR (2) vertically and laterally, both in its lower and upper part, centering it to the axis of rotation.
- the AXIS (1) for the THIRD SOLUTION (C) may be "TUBULAR AXIS", “CELOSIA AXIS” or "CONCRETE AXIS”.
- It is preferably composed of two vertically separated circular metal structures whose outer diameter will preferably be 1% smaller than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE (3), and whose smaller diameter will be greater than the diameter of the AXIS (1).
- each circular structure (52) is composed of circular metal sectors (53), which has a metal structure as a sector (54) circular metallic in the larger diameter that is connected by radii (55) of structural profile with a circular metallic sector (56) of smaller diameter.
- the two circular metal structures (52) are vertically separated by vertical and horizontal structures (57) covered by a metallic sheet adopting an aerodynamic shape, which we will now call ALABES (57).
- this circular central structure (58) is covered by a metal sheet (59) by the outer face, this means that the wind cannot pass to the inside having to skirt the circular central structure (58).
- the circular central structure (58) has the same height as the ALABES (57), this central structure (58) being circular the aerodynamic pressure zone.
- the stringer (60) positioned on the axis of symmetry is reinforced and protrudes both from the top and bottom of the ALABE (57) with a circular metal shaft (61) that is inserted into a positioned bearing on the top strategically in the upper metal structure and in the lower part by entering in two bearings, a deep groove ball bearing (62) and another axial ball bearing (63), which allows the orientation of the ALABE (57).
- a metal arm (64) is welded as a horizontal lever to the bottom of the ROTOR (2) under the sheet of the circular structure (52) and at the opposite end a kneecap (65) that acts as a union with another arm (66) that at the opposite end of the kneecap (65) is connected to a metal part (67) that is to be moved by the action of a screw ( 68) endless which rotates driven by an electric motor (69), whose mission is to be able to orient the ALABES (57) or vary the angle of attack with respect to the wind that enters tangential, as well as, aerodynamic brake when turning the ALABES (57) to an angle where the wind does not generate energy.
- Each ALABE (57) has an electronic reading angular sensor.
- each of the ALABES (57) has an electric motor (69) that guides it aerodynamically, that is, if we have twenty ALABES (57), we will have twenty electric motors (69) that are electrically powered by a bank of batteries (70) strategically positioned within the ROTOR (2) in an area near the AXIS (1), which in turn, are electrically charged by a generator (71).
- the generator (71) is positioned vertically in the lower part of the ROTOR (2), in a circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the smaller diameter.
- the shaft (73) of the generator (71) has a gear (74) that engages with the gear (50) of the circular crown of the fixed circular sectors (19), in the sense, that when the ROTOR (2) is In rotational motion, the generator (71) begins to supply the energy needed to charge the batteries (70).
- each ROTOR (2) has aerodynamic tensioners (75) that are positioned from the outer diameter of the circular structure (52) of the base of the ROTOR (2) crossing the circular central structure (58) in its path and reaching the upper circular structure at the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2), where it will be held.
- the aerodynamic tensioners (75) are fastened at each end, the end (76) located in the outer diameter is threaded and is passed through holes made in a piece (77) strategically positioned at the top of the base of the ROTOR (2) where they are put a nut (78) and locknut (79) and the other end (80) threaded into the upper circular structure (52) by the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2), passing through a piece ( 81) metal with holes where a nut (82) is placed that will tighten the aerodynamic tensioner (75) until a horizontal structure (52) is achieved with respect to the ground, once this horizontality is achieved, the lock nut is placed (83).
- aerodynamic tensioners (84) are placed whose end is positioned at the base of the ROTOR (2) immediately after the central structure (58) inwards and the other end in the upper circular structure (52) by the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2).
- each circular sector (53) of the circular structure (52) that configures the base of the ROTOR (2) and the upper part of the ROTOR (2) has vertical metal stringers (85) placing them from the base at the top from the ROTOR (2) to the top by the bottom side, where a stringer (85) is positioned on the inside of a sector of the central circular structure (58) on the right side and another on e!
- these stringers (85) On the left side, thus calling them by the orientation to the AXIS (1), these stringers (85) have lateral extensions (86) in the upper and lower part that allow the aerodynamic tensioners (75) to pass, other stringers (87) are positioned on the right and left side of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the smaller diameter, these stringers (87) have on the upper part the pieces (77) with holes where the tensioners (75) are held and tensioned ) aerodynamics.
- the vertical stringers (85) are positioned and facing the AXIS (1), we can say that from the base of the stringer (88) on the right behind the sector of the circular central structure (58) we put a crossbar (89) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (90) on the left behind the circular central structure (58), and from the base of the vertical crossbar (90) on the left we put a crossbar (91) diagonally to the part upper side of the crossbar (88) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both diagonals a metal plate (92) is positioned on both sides of the crossing to reinforce the diagonals.
- the vertical stringers are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS (1), which from the base of the crossbar (93) on the right side of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) on the inside diameter we put a crossbar (94 ) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (95) on the left of the circular sector (72), of the circular structure (52) in e! inside diameter, and from the base of the vertical stringer (95) on the left we put a crossbar (96) diagonally to the top of the stringer (93) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both diagonals position a metal plate (97) to reinforce the diagonal.
- the ROTOR (2) has a groove (98) where a part (47) is inserted in the inner diameter of the circular sector (72) of the upper circular structure (52) and on the outer side closest to the AXIS (1).
- semicircular metal with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (98) on the outside of the circular sector (72) of the upper structure (52) of the ROTOR (2) that is fastened by screws (99) at the top, is semi-circular metal part (47) with rectangular extension It is facing the recess (47) of the major arc of the horizontal rollers (42) positioned in the AXIS (1), which keeps the ROTOR (2) advantageously concentric with the AXIS (1).
- the ROTOR (2) in the lower circular structure (52) by the smaller diameter closest to the AXIS (1) on the lower side has grooves (100) where a semicircular part (49) with rectangular extension from the base of the base is introduced semicircle to the inside of the groove (100) at the bottom, are fastened with screws (101) on the outside, facing the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the ROTOR (2) axially supported, allowing axial rotation of the ROTOR (2).
- the ROTOR (2) has a circular structure (52) formed by circular sectors (72), on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions (102) with a hole (103), said rectangular extension (102) is introduced into the opposite side of the next metallic circular sector (72) in rectangular holes (104), once positioned, a screw (105) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular sector (72) that receives another sector to leave embraced the circular metal sectors (72).
- CONNECTOR (106) MALE and CONNECTOR (107) FEMALE Preferably so that there is continuity of rotational rotation between the last ROTOR (2) of the climbs at the top until the first ROTOR (2) closest to the ground, we will place a series of metal cylindrical parts that we will call CONNECTOR (106) MALE and CONNECTOR (107) FEMALE.
- the ROTOR (2) closest to the base of the AXIS (1), and at the base of the ROTOR (2) at the top near the inner diameter has holes (108) where cylindrical metal parts (106) are introduced that we will call CONNECTORS (106) MALE, distributed in number by all the inferior perimeter of the base of the ROTOR (2), that cross the base of the ROTOR (2) and being introduced in other cylindrical metallic pieces (107) whose center has a circular hole whose inner diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR (106) by calling these circular metal parts with inner hole CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE.
- the FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) are positioned on the top of the POWER TRAIN (4) and / or on the ELECTRIC GENERATOR (5) rotor.
- That the first ROTOR (2) closest to the base of the AXIS (1) has in the upper circular structure (52) on the upper outer part a number of CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE strategically positioned that coincide with the MALE CONNECTORS (106) strategically positioned at the base of the second ROTOR (2) at its bottom in number equal to the number of CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE of the first ROTOR (2).
- ROTOR (2) can be configured by the type, shape and configuration of the ALABES (57).
- the invention proposes two groups of ROTORS (2).
- the first group of ROTORS (2) has a single type of ALABES (57) equal, positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58), which have the ability to be mechanically oriented, in a ideal number of twenty ALABES (57).
- the second group of ROTORS (2) has three types of ALABES (57) positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58), a larger ALABE (109), ALABE (1 10) of medium size and ALABE (11 11) of smaller size, all fixed, in an ideal number of five groups of ALABES (57).
- ENVELOPE (3) It is preferably composed of a circular metal structure (1 12) whose outer diameter, preferably will be 40% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR (2), and whose inner diameter preferably will be 1% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR ( 2).
- It preferably consists of two circular metal structures (1 13) composed of metal circular sectors (1 14), whose larger perimeter diameter and smaller perimeter diameter, are communicated by metal structural radii (1 15).
- the circular metal structures (12) are vertically separated at a distance equivalent to the height of the ROTOR (2).
- the circular metal structures (1 13) are covered by a metal sheet (1 16), the lower circular metal structure (1 13) has the metal sheet (1 16) at the top and the upper metal structure (1 13) It has the metal sheet (1 16) on its bottom, these metal sheets (1 16) Their purpose is to encapsulate the wind that is directed to the ROTOR (2).
- the two circular metal structures (13) are joined vertically by nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal foil positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter.
- the nine horizontal and vertical metal structures covered by sheet metal positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, seven horizontal and vertical metal structures (1,117) are positioned and distributed proportional shape in the front facing the wind, in a perimeter of 150 ° angular.
- These seven horizontal and vertical metallic structures (1 17), covered by metallic foil we will call the wind INPUT DEFLECTORS (1 17) and the two horizontal and vertical metallic structures (1 18), covered by metallic foil positioned as a wall that go from the perimeter of the greater diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, in a perimeter of 60 ° angles we will call them DEFLECTORS (1 18) OF EXIT.
- DEFLECTOR (1 17) seen frontally, we will name them from right to left, as DEFLECTOR (1 9) FIRST, DEFLECTOR (120) SECOND, DEFLECTOR (121) THIRD, DEFLECTOR (122) FOUR, DEFLECTOR (123) FIFTH, DEFLECTOR (124) SIXTH AND DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH.
- the SEVENTH DEFLECTOR (125), is composed of horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal sheet, positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the outer diameter of the circular structure, making a curved path to the perimeter of the inner diameter, at 300 ° angular.
- five deflectors (126) are positioned strategically, absolutely independent of each other, whose pivot connection (127) begins where the next deflector (126) ends, in order to control the wind flow that reaches the 150 ° angular rotor. That where each of the independent baffles (126) ends, has a pivoting arm (128) connected by the inner face to a motor positioned on the perimeter of the DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH whose mission is to vary the angle of attack by deflecting the wind.
- the last ENVELOPE (3) has a circular structure (113) formed by circular sectors (114) whose outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the ENVELOPE (3) and the inner diameter reaches the roller holders (22) and ( 23) positioned in a fixed circular metal structure (11) in the AXIS (1), both diameters connected by structural radii (129) and covered by metal sheet (1 16) by the top and bottom.
- the diameter closest to the AXIS (1) has a structure
- the circular structure (130) through the sectors (131) in the inner diameter have a semicircular metal part (48) with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that supports in a groove (136) on the outside of the circular metal sector (31) that is held by screws (137) by the upper part of the circular metal sector (131), and faces the recess (48) with a larger arc of the rollers (42), which holds the ENVELOPE (3 ) concentric to the AXIS (1).
- the ENVELOPE (3) on the part closest to the ground has metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid formed by structural metal elements, where the major base of the metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid are attached to the bottom of the base of the ENVELOPE (3) from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of!
- ENVELOPE (3) and the minor base of the Metallic structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid, has a platform (141) that has an electric motor that by means of gears will rotate four metal wheels whose circular perimeter has a recess that supports two rails (142) concentric to the AXIS (1), which allows to orientate the ENVELOPE (3) with the DEFLECTORS (1 17) of ENTRANCE to windward.
- the ENVELOPE (3) for turbines of up to 10 kilowatts (kw) will have a rudder (143) at the top as a wind vane jointly attached to the ENVELOPE (3), which will address the ENVELOPE (3) Windward
- ENVELOPE (3) is provided with vertical metal profiles (144) by way of blinds on the front between each of the ENVELOPE DEFLECTORS (1 17) of the ENVELOPE (3) with the same height of one stage for each ENVELOPE (3) vertically, having a motor (145) with sufficient means to allow the rotation of vertical metal profiles (144), regulating the entry of wind into the ENVELOPE (3).
- each ENVELOPE (3) in multi-megawatt turbines has an area (146) at the back near the exit deflectors (18), which can be enabled as control offices, condominium-type residential area with a number of homes per level, for the residence of employees and their families, with all services, such as drainage, drinking water, residential electricity, telephony, elevators, stairs, windows in the outer perimeter of the ENVELOPE (3), access for people with different capacities, since , the elevator access (147) is at ground level with ramp (148).
- ROTORS (2) is transferred to the generators by the POWER TRAIN (4).
- the POWER TRAIN (4) is composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part in the AXIS (1), a moving part GEAR HOLDER (149), and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTORS (107 ) FEMALE TO ROTOR (2).
- the fixed part permanently located at a height near the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consists of two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the circular metal structures (1 1) parallel to the ground for the bottom and of the POWER TRAIN (4) permanently fixed in the AXIS (1).
- the mobile part PORTA ENGRANE (149) is composed of a circular metal structure (150) and parallel to the C-shaped floor, whose purpose is to serve as a bearer of a toothed crown (151), the structure (150) Circular metal is formed by metallic circular sectors (152) with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and in the nearest lower part there is a groove (153) in the perimeter of the circular sector (152) where portions of gear (154) that are fastened by screws (155).
- the circular metal structure (150) with the circular metal sectors (152) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1) they have grooves (156) where a piece is placed (47) semi-circular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (156) at the top by the bottom and at the bottom by the bottom, fastened by screws ( 157) on the outside of the sector (152) circulating metal, facing the recess (43) circularly of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) axially supported allowing the rotation of the POWER TRAIN ( 4).
- the circular metal structure (150) with the circular metal sectors (152) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1) they have grooves (158) where a piece is placed (49) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (158) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws ( 159) along the upper part of the metal circular sector (152), facing the recess (48) of a circular arc of the greater arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) adjusted vertically and laterally, allowing the POWER TRAIN rotation (4) centered to the AXIS (1).
- a PORTA ENGRANE sector (149) has rectangular metal extensions (160) with a hole (161), said rectangular extension (160) is inserted in the opposite face of the next PORTA ENGRANE sector (149) in holes ( 162) rectangular, once positioned they are introduced a screw (163) of sufficient length by the part superior of the sector (152) that receives another sector (152) to leave the PORTA ENGRANES sectors (149) embraced.
- the FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) are positioned at the top of the POWER TRAIN (4), the inside diameter of the FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) coincides with the outer diameter of the Cylindrical metal CONNECTORS (106) that are inserted into holes (108) circulars made in the base of the ROTOR (2) crossing them through the upper part of the base of the ROTOR (2) and leaving through the bottom of the base of the ROTOR (2) and entering the CONNECTORS (107) FEMALES in the upper part of the POWER TRAIN (4), coinciding with the same number of CONNECTORS (07) FEMALE with that of CONNECTORS (106) MALE.
- the gear portions (154) joined together by the valley (164) of the gear tooth (154) form a toothed circular crown, which will transmit the power of the ROTOR (2) to the generators (165) located on the ground, transmitting the power to other gears (166) of different diameter, the number of generators (165) being a multiple of two, that is, two, four, etc. , allowing the closing of the generation circuits depending on the wind speed, in case the power transmission is not direct.
- the GENERATORS (5) that the invention proposes are based on permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS, which can be with external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) or with internal MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (168).
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) are composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part with two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23) and the internal STATORS (169) in the AXIS (1) or STATORS (170) fixed exterior, a moving part ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) exterior or with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) interior, and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE ROTOR (2).
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with outer MAGNET ROTOR (167) are composed of two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the metal structures (1 1) circular parallel to the ground for bottom and top of! ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) permanently fixed on axis AXIS (1).
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with outer MAGNET ROTOR (167) consists of a fixed part permanently located at the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consisting of two structures (1 1 ) circular metallic parallel to the ground for (to the lower and upper part of the MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167), between these two circular metal structures (1 1) a circular metal structure (171) will be placed, composed of circular metal sectors (172) permanently fastened by screws to the circular metal structure (11) in the AXIS (1), placing elongated coils (173) of copper varnished on the perimeter of the circular metal structure (1), to this set of coils we will call STATORS (169).
- STATORS 169
- the ESTATOR (169) has a circular metal structure (171) formed by circular metal sectors (172), where each sector (172) on the left side by the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (169a) with a hole (169b ), said rectangular metal extension (169a) is inserted in the opposite face of the following circular metal sector (172) of the ESTATOR (169) in rectangular holes (169c), once positioned a screw (169d) of sufficient length is inserted by the upper part of the circular metallic sector (172) that receives another circular metallic sector (172) to leave the circular metallic sectors (172) of the ESTATOR (169) embraced.
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with external MAGNET HOLDER have a circular metal structure (174) formed by circular metal sectors (175), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped ground, which in this case we will call ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside.
- the ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (176), the circular metal structure (174) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part by the inner side vertically positioned permanent magnets (176) advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (169).
- the circular metal structure (174) with the circular metal sectors (175) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (177) where a piece is placed (47) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (177) at the top by the bottom and at the bottom by the bottom, fastened by screws ( 178) on the outside of the metal circular sector (175), facing the recess (43) circularly of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the outer MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167), axially supported allowing the rotation of the ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside.
- the circular metal structure (174) with the circular metal sectors (175) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (179) where a piece is placed (49) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove 1 (179) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws (180) by the upper part of the metallic circular sector (175), facing the recess (48) of circular form of major arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) adjusted vertically and laterally , allowing the rotation of the outer MAGNET HOLDER (167) centered on the AXIS (1).
- the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with internal MAGNET HOLDER (168) have a circular metal structure (181) formed by circular metal sectors (182), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped ground, which in this case we will call ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside.
- the ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (183)
- the circular metal structure (181) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part by the inner side vertically positioned permanent magnets (183) advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (170).
- the STATOR (170) of the synchronous GENERATORS (5) of magnets permanent with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside it is positioned in a circular concrete structure (184), as a support, having cylindrical metal parts (185) with a threaded hole in its top and around the perimeter inside and outside claws (186) to be anchored within the circular concrete structure (184), the upper part of the cylindrical metal part (185) is flush with the concrete structure (184) in the upper part.
- the ESTATOR (170) has a circular metal structure (187) formed by circular metal sectors (188) at whose base it has a metal plate (189) with holes (190) where screws (191) are threaded into the pieces (185 ) threaded cylindrical metal leaving the circular sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) anchored to the circular concrete structure (184).
- each circular metal sector (188) of the ESTATOR (170) on the left side on the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (170a) with a hole (170b)
- said rectangular metal extension (170a) is introduced on the opposite side of the next sector (188) circular metal of the ESTATOR (170) in rectangular holes (170c)
- a screw (170d) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular metal sector (188) that receives another sector (188) circular metal to leave the circular metal sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) embraced.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vertical-axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable surrounding baffle having independent couplings, which can have different configurations according to three solutions. The first solution consists of refurbishing existing horizontal-axis turbines, adding the proposed turbine, without removing the existing turbine, and without affecting the dynamic moments thereof that may interfere with the electricity production of the horizontal-axis wind turbine, since the proposed turbine would be positioned at the base thereof, thus using the tower as the axis for all the elements, including the rotors, the enclosure and the generator, connected to one another by male and female connectors. The second solution consists of refurbishing existing horizontal-axis wind turbines by adding the proposed turbine, removing the horizontal-axis wind turbine that has reached the end of its useful life, with the exception of the tower, which will serve as the axis for the proposed turbine. The third solution consists of positioning the proposed turbine at new locations, such as new wind farms, in urban areas (roofs of buildings, dwellings, shopping centres, etc.). The height of the rotor is one tenth of the radius thereof.
Description
TURBINA EOLICA DE EJE VERTICAL CON DEFLECTOR ENVOLVENTE ESCALABLE POLIVALENTE CON ACOPLAMIENTOS INDEPENDIENTES. VERTICAL SHAFT WIND TURBINE WITH POLIVALENT SCALABLE ENVELOPE DEFLECTOR WITH INDEPENDENT COUPLINGS.
OBJETO DE LA INVENCION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
El presente invento se refiere a una turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, diseñada para repotenciar granjas eólicas ya existentes o de nueva creación, así como, ubicaciones en zonas urbanas (edificios, viviendas habitacionales, centros comerciales, etc.), siendo una de las características principales que puede ser escalables con conexión mecánica independiente entre sus elementos rotacionales, teniendo como objeto aumentar la densidad de la energía del viento, dando como resultado una mayor producción eléctrica. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION The present invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable wrap-around baffle with independent couplings, designed to repower existing or newly created wind farms, as well as locations in urban areas (buildings, residential homes, shopping centers, etc. .), being one of the main characteristics that can be scalable with independent mechanical connection between its rotational elements, with the objective of increasing the density of wind energy, resulting in greater electrical production. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el estado de la técnica, y con relación a lo anteriormente expuesto, he podido conocer las patentes de invención US4076448, US4084918, US4191505, y CA2452965, que tienen como principal desventaja lo difícil que es poder escalarlas en sentido vertical, además el diámetro del rotor puede ser un inconveniente, debido principalmente a las cargas gravitacionales que deben vencer. In the state of the art, and in relation to the foregoing, I have been able to know the invention patents US4076448, US4084918, US4191505, and CA2452965, which have as main disadvantage how difficult it is to be able to scale them vertically, in addition to the diameter of the rotor can be an inconvenience, mainly due to the gravitational loads that must be overcome.
También he podido conocer las patentes de invención US4134707, US4245958, US4278896, US4321005, US4350900, FR576980, que tienen como principal desventaja la conexión entre las etapas o niveles, debido principalmente a la diferencia de velocidades de viento que hay entre la etapa más próxima al suelo y las etapas más alejadas del mismo. I have also been able to know the invention patents US4134707, US4245958, US4278896, US4321005, US4350900, FR576980, whose main disadvantage is the connection between the stages or levels, mainly due to the difference in wind speeds between the stage closest to the stage soil and the farthest stages of it.
En otro conocimiento del estado de la técnica pude conocer las patentes de invención EP1002949, US4031173, cuyas principales desventajas son la imposibilidad de ser escalables, la fuerza del viento que incide sobre los álabes está muy próxima al eje de rotación y por consiguiente su punto de palanca está muy cercano, no serán muy eficientes energéticamente. In another knowledge of the state of the art I could know the invention patents EP1002949, US4031173, whose main disadvantages are the impossibility of being scalable, the force of the wind that hits the blades is very close to the axis of rotation and therefore its point of Lever is very close, they will not be very energy efficient.
La patente US3938907 tiene control dinámico sobre los álabes pero necesita doble plato concéntrico. Las demás antes mencionadas carecen de control
rotacional sobre el rotor. The US3938907 patent has dynamic control over the blades but needs double concentric plate. The others mentioned above lack control Rotational on the rotor.
Otro tipo de turbinas las llamadas de eje horizontal, han evolucionado de máquinas que producían de 25 a 30 kilovatios/hora (kw/h) en sus comienzos a los aerogeneradores gigantes de tres palas multimegavatios/hora de la actualidad, a tal grado que hoy en día el 99% de la potencia eólica mundial instalada, la producen turbinas de eje horizontal, debido fundamentalmente a la sencillez que tenía en sus orígenes, sencillez que fue complicándose en la medida que aumentaba el diámetro y por consiguiente el área de barrido. Estas máquinas están compuestas por una torre, una góndola que alberga un buje con tres palas, tren de potencia o multiplicadora y el generador. En la medida que va aumentando la potencia, aumenta el diámetro del rotor de tres palas, si aumenta el diámetro aumenta el tamaño del buje o eje, aumenta el tamaño del tren de potencia o multiplicadora (para las que no son accionadas directamente), aumenta el tamaño del generador, en resumidas cuentas aumenta proporcionalmente el peso de la máquina, que se situará en la parte superior de una torre que también sufrirá un aumento considerable tanto en altura como en peso, incrementando las cargas cíclicas, esto último debido fundamentalmente al momento flector al que se somete la base de la torre, es pues necesario pensar que el límite de tamaño al que se están aproximando estas turbinas es su principal desventaja a un futuro próximo, además de no poder ser posicionadas cerca de zonas urbanas debido al aumento del coeficiente de rugosidad al que se somete el viento. Si además, añadimos el hecho de que los mejores enclaves con gran potencial eólico entre 20% y un 30% superior para parques o granjas eólicas construidas antes del año 1998 con máquinas más antiguas, si la comparáramos con la construcción de los nuevos parques eólicos con máquinas más modernas y eficientes en enclaves que quizás no tengan el mismo potencial eólico, y si además le añadimos el hecho de que para construir nuevos parques se necesita de una infraestructura viaria capaz de soportar el enorme peso de los elementos que constituyen dichas turbinas van aumentando los costos del proyecto, cuya vida útil está entre los 20 y 25 años, por todo ello el costo del kw/h producido es directamente proporcional a lo anteriormente expuesto, siempre basándonos en una economía de escalas. Other types of turbines, the so-called horizontal axis, have evolved from machines that produced 25 to 30 kilowatts / hour (kw / h) in their beginnings to the three-bladed multi-megawatt / hour giant wind turbines today, to the extent that today 99% of the world's installed wind power, is produced by horizontal axis turbines, mainly due to the simplicity it had in its origins, simplicity that was complicated as the diameter increased and therefore the swept area. These machines are composed of a tower, a gondola that houses a hub with three blades, power train or multiplier and the generator. As the power increases, the diameter of the three-blade rotor increases, if the diameter increases, the size of the hub or shaft increases, the size of the power train or multiplier increases (for which they are not directly driven), it increases The size of the generator, in short, proportionally increases the weight of the machine, which will be located on the top of a tower that will also suffer a considerable increase in both height and weight, increasing cyclic loads, the latter due mainly to the moment beaver to which the base of the tower is subjected, it is therefore necessary to think that the size limit that these turbines are approaching is their main disadvantage to the near future, in addition to not being able to be positioned near urban areas due to the increase in roughness coefficient to which the wind is subjected. If we also add the fact that the best enclaves with great wind potential between 20% and 30% higher for wind farms or farms built before 1998 with older machines, if we compare it with the construction of the new wind farms with more modern and efficient machines in enclaves that may not have the same wind potential, and if we also add the fact that to build new parks a road infrastructure is needed that can withstand the enormous weight of the elements that constitute these turbines are increasing The project costs, whose useful life is between 20 and 25 years, therefore the cost of the produced kWh is directly proportional to the above, always based on an economy of scales.
No obstante, el presente invento, soluciona sobradamente los problemas antes mencionados, como leeremos a continuación.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCION However, the present invention, more than solves the aforementioned problems, as we will read below. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone, constituye un notable avance en el aprovechamiento de los recursos energéticos provenientes del viento. The vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, constitutes a remarkable advance in the use of energy resources from the wind.
Ante la situación conocida de las limitantes con las que se están encontrando las máquinas eólicas convencionales, una solución sería la de repotenciar los parques eólicos más antiguos por máquinas más modernas con las limitantes de tamaño que estas también tienen. Given the known situation of the limitations with which conventional wind machines are encountering, one solution would be to repower the oldest wind farms by more modern machines with the size limitations that they also have.
Más concretamente, la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone, soluciona las limitantes adoptando configuraciones diferenciadas en TRES SOLUCIONES. More specifically, the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, solves the limitations by adopting differentiated configurations in THREE SOLUTIONS.
La PRIMERA SOLUCION, es la de repotenciar turbinas de eje horizontal existentes, añadiéndoles la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone, aumentando sustancialmente la producción eléctrica, sin retirar la turbina existente, y sin afectarle los momentos dinámicos que pudieran interferir en la producción eléctrica de la turbina eólica de eje horizontal existente, ya que se posicionaría en la base de ésta, utilizando para ello la torre como eje de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes. The FIRST SOLUTION, is to upgrade existing horizontal axis turbines, adding the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, substantially increasing electrical production, without removing the existing turbine, and without affecting it the dynamic moments that could interfere in the electrical production of the existing horizontal axis wind turbine, since it would be positioned at the base of the latter, using the tower as the axis of the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with couplings independent.
La SEGUNDA SOLUCION, es la de repotenciar turbinas eólicas de eje horizontal existentes añadiéndoles la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, retirando las turbinas eólicas de eje horizontal que han concluido su ciclo de vida útil, a excepción de la torre que servirá de eje a la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, corno se propone. The SECOND SOLUTION, is to repower existing horizontal axis wind turbines by adding the vertical axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, removing the horizontal axis wind turbines that have concluded their life cycle, except for the tower that will serve as an axis to the vertical axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, as proposed.
La TERCERA SOLUCION, es la de posicionar la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes en nuevos enclaves, como pueden ser nuevos parques eólicos, en zonas urbanas (las azoteas de edificios, viviendas habitacionales, centros
comerciales, etc.). The THIRD SOLUTION is to position the vertical-axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings in new enclaves, such as new wind farms, in urban areas (roofs of buildings, residential homes, centers commercials, etc.).
La PRIMERA y la SEGUNDA SOLUCION tienen como denominador común, que utilizan la torre (que puede ser tubular de acero troncocónica, de celosía o de concreto armado) como eje del rotor, del deflector y del generador, adaptándose por medios constructivos a la torre. The FIRST and SECOND SOLUTIONS have as common denominator, that they use the tower (which can be tubular of truncated conical steel, lattice or reinforced concrete) as the axis of the rotor, of the deflector and of the generator, adapting by constructive means to the tower.
La TERCERA SOLUCION, es para nuevos enclaves y se pueden fabricar desde turbinas de unos pocos kw/h (kilovatios por hora) de potencia nominal, hasta grandes turbinas de Mw/h (megavatios por hora). The THIRD SOLUTION is for new enclaves and can be manufactured from turbines of a few kW / h (kilowatts per hour) of nominal power, to large turbines of Mw / h (megawatts per hour).
En cualquiera de las TRES SOLUCIONES la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, van a tener como principal característica, que los álabes del rotor central recibirán el viento a !a mayor distancia proporcional con respecto al eje, esto es, que cuando el viento deflectado incide contra el rotor, este lo recibirá en un sector de corona circular cuyo perímetro afectado será de 300° angulares del perímetro total del rotor. In any of the THREE SOLUTIONS, the vertical-axis wind turbine with scalable, multi-purpose, wrap-around deflector with independent couplings, will have as its main characteristic, that the blades of the central rotor will receive the wind at a greater proportional distance from the axis, that is , that when the deflected wind hits the rotor, it will receive it in a sector of circular crown whose affected perimeter will be 300 ° angular of the total perimeter of the rotor.
Que en cualquiera de las TRES SOLUCIONES la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos; independientes que la invención propone consta de un deflector que envuelve el rotor, el deflector envolvente tiene una entrada enfrentada al viento deflectado corí una serie de deflectores hasta la salida a 300° angulares del perímetro interior de! deflector envolvente donde tiene otro deflector de salida, que en función del tamaño de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente y acoplamiento independiente del generador; su orientación a la dirección dei viento, puede ser con sensores de dirección que accionan motorreductores, o en su caso, aerodinámicos por veleta. That in any of the THREE SOLUTIONS the vertical axis wind turbine with scalable multi-purpose wrap deflector with couplings; Independent that the invention proposes consists of a deflector that surrounds the rotor, the enveloping deflector has an entrance facing the deflected wind I ran a series of deflectors up to 300 ° angular exit of the interior perimeter of! envelope deflector where it has another output deflector, which depending on the size of the vertical axis wind turbine with envelope deflector and independent generator coupling; Its orientation to the wind direction can be with direction sensors that drive geared motors, or, where appropriate, aerodynamic by wind vane.
Que en cualquiera de las TRES SOLUCIONES la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acopiamientos independientes, que la invención propone, es escalable, esto quiere decir que se pueden poner por etapas idénticas una encima de la otra. That in any of the THREE SOLUTIONS the vertical axis wind turbine with scalable multi-purpose wrap deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, is scalable, this means that they can be placed in identical stages one on top of the other.
Que en cualquiera de las TRES SOLUCIONES, la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone, tendrá componentes modulares y podrán ser transportados en camiones o semirremolques convencionales, es decir, los componentes más grandes no excederán de medidas tanto en peso
como en dimensiones, por consiguiente, no hay necesidad de grúas ni trasportes especiales, tampoco será necesario la construcción de carreteras o vías especiales. That in any of the THREE SOLUTIONS, the vertical-axis wind turbine with scalable, multi-purpose wrap deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, will have modular components and can be transported in conventional trucks or semi-trailers, that is, the larger components will not exceed of measures both in weight As in dimensions, therefore, there is no need for cranes or special transports, neither will the construction of roads or special roads be necessary.
Más concretamente, la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que en adelante la llamaremos TURBINA, consta de cinco grupos de elementos, estos son la torre, que en adelante llamaremos EJE, que puede ser de EJE TUBULAR de acero, EJE DE CELOSIA metálica o EJE DE CONCRETO. El deflector envolvente, que en adelante llamaremos ENVOLVENTE que constará de elementos que direccionan el viento hacia el interior de la TURBINA, que llamaremos DEFLECTORES, al conjunto de elementos que rotará en el interior del ENVOLVENTE lo llamaremos ROTOR. Al conjunto de elementos que transmite la potencia a los generadores lo llamaremos TREN DE POTENCIA cuando el acoplamiento no es directo, y cuando el acoplamiento es directo, llamaremos al conjunto de elementos de generación eléctrica GENERADOR. More specifically, the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which we will now call TURBINE, consists of five groups of elements, these are the tower, which we will now call AXIS, which can be of TUBULAR AXIS of steel, metallic CELOSIA AXIS or CONCRETE AXIS. The enveloping deflector, which we will now call ENVELOPE that will consist of elements that direct the wind towards the inside of the TURBINE, which we will call DEFLECTORS, to the set of elements that will rotate inside the ENVELOPE we will call it ROTOR. The set of elements that transmit the power to the generators will be called POWER TRAIN when the coupling is not direct, and when the coupling is direct, we will call the set of generating elements GENERATOR.
Más concretamente y conocido lo anterior, procederemos a describir los cinco grupos de elementos, es decir, el eje, el rotor, el envolvente, el tren de potencia y el generador de una manera más amplia de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone. More specifically and known the above, we will proceed to describe the five groups of elements, that is, the axis, the rotor, the envelope, the power train and the generator in a broader way of the vertical axis wind turbine with envelope deflector Multivalent scalable with independent couplings, which the invention proposes.
EJE.- Lo constituye la torre de las turbinas eólicas de eje horizontal, para el caso de las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA y se les añadirá los siguientes elementos: AXIS.- It is the horizontal axis wind turbines tower, in the case of FIRST AND SECOND SOLUTIONS and the following elements will be added:
Una estructura metálica con perfiles I, cuya misión es la de reforzar perimetralmente y verticalmente la torre de la turbina eólica de eje horizontal, estarán posicionados entre unas placas metálicas soldadas a la torre, que para el caso de la primera solución, la longitud del perfil I, será la comprendida entre la base de la torre, hasta la parte superior de la "TURBINA". A metal structure with profiles I, whose mission is to reinforce the horizontal axis wind turbine perimeter and vertically, will be positioned between metal plates welded to the tower, which in the case of the first solution, the profile length I, will be included between the base of the tower, to the top of the "TURBINE".
Para la SEGUNDA SOLUCION, los perfiles I, su longitud comprende desde la base hasta la parte superior de la torre en tramos que no excederán de 12 metros, teniendo una pieza rectangular metálica soldada en cada extremo con orificios para unir los diferentes tramos por medio de tornillos. For the SECOND SOLUTION, the profiles I, its length comprises from the base to the top of the tower in sections that will not exceed 12 meters, having a rectangular metal piece welded at each end with holes to join the different sections by means of screws
Tiene una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del ROTOR, que está compuesta por sectores circulares, donde cada sector
tiene a cada lado una placa metálica con forma de L, donde la parte vertical hacia el perfil I, tiene una placa metálica en ambas placas metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara plana del perfil I por sus orificios con tornillos, las placas metálicas con forma de L, estarán soldadas a unos sectores circulares, formados por sectores circulares verticales, en la parte inferior de la placa metálica con forma de L, y por sectores circulares horizontales a la parte más larga de la placa metálica con forma de L, los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares horizontales, tienen en su interior unos cajones rectangulares, que sirven para albergar unos porta rodillos. It has a circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR, which is composed of circular sectors, where each sector it has on each side an L-shaped metal plate, where the vertical part towards the profile I, has a metal plate on both L-shaped metal plates, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by its holes with screws, the L-shaped metal plates, will be welded to circular sectors, formed by vertical circular sectors, at the bottom of the L-shaped metal plate, and by horizontal circular sectors to the longest part of the metal plate L-shaped, the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, have inside rectangular drawers, which serve to house roller holders.
Para la parte superior del ROTOR tiene una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo, que está formada por sectores circulares, donde cada sector tiene a cada lado una placa metálica con forma de I, donde la parte vertical hacia el perfil I, tiene una placa metálica en ambas placas metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara plana del perfil I por sus orificios con tornillos, las placas metálicas con forma de I acostada, estarán soldadas a unos sectores circulares, formados por sectores circulares horizontales, que tienen en su interior unos cajones rectangulares, que sirven para albergar unos porta rodillos. For the top of the ROTOR it has a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, which is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has on each side an I-shaped metal plate, where the vertical part towards the I profile has a plate metal on both L-shaped metal plates, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by their holes with screws, the lying I-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by horizontal circular sectors, They have inside rectangular drawers, which are used to house roller holders.
Estas estructuras metálicas circulares y paralelas al suelo para la parte superior e inferior del rotor, se posicionan en sentido vertical tantas veces como etapas de ROTOR tengamos, para la SOLUCION PRIMERA, SEGUNDA y TERCERA. These circular and parallel metal structures to the ground for the top and bottom of the rotor are positioned vertically as many times as ROTOR stages we have, for the FIRST, SECOND and THIRD SOLUTION.
Los porta rodillos, están formados por una pieza metálica con forma de cubo rectangular cerrado por su parte inferior, esta parte inferior apoya en el interior de los cajones rectangulares de los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares planos, en una pieza metálica rectangular con unos orificios que permite sujetarla por tornillos a unos orificios que se encuentran en la base de los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares planos. A estos cubos metálicos rectangulares por su parte más alargada tendrán dos huecos circulares por su parte interior, que contendrá sendos rodamientos a ambos lados y que en el centro de los dos huecos tendrá un orificio del mismo diámetro que el interior del rodamiento, por el que se pasará un eje metálico cuya longitud no excederá el lado exterior del cubo a ambos lados, en medio de los dos rodamientos se colocará una pieza circular cuya parte circular está rebajada con forma circular,
que tiene un orificio cuyo diámetro es igual al diámetro del eje que lo atraviesa, que tiene a ambos lados de la parte que no es circular dos resaltes circulares cuyo diámetro es inferior al diámetro exterior del rodamiento librando el espesor de la parte externa de diámetro mayor del rodamiento. Los porta rodillos se introducirán por la parte inferior en los sectores circulares verticales y por la parte interior en los sectores circulares horizontales hasta un tope rectangular que impide que se salgan los porta rodillos, a la vez que permite que sobresalga la pieza circular, entre la parte inferior del cubo y la placa metálica que cierra y que se une por tornillos a los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares horizontales, que se colocará una pieza rectangular de un material no metálico pero con la capacidad de amortiguar, de dimensiones perimetrales iguales al interior de los cajones rectangulares. La única diferencia entre los porta rodillos de los sectores circulares verticales y los porta rodillos de los sectores circulares horizontales, es que en la pieza circular para los porta rodillos posicionados en los sectores circulares verticales es que el rebaje de forma circular de la pieza circular tiene un diámetro igual al rebaje que sirve de apoyo axial al ROTOR por su parte inferior para su deslizamiento rotacional, y en los porta rodillos posicionados en los sectores circulares horizontales el rebaje de forma circular tiene un diámetro igual al rebaje pero con un arco mayor cuya finalidad es la de poder ajusfar vertical y lateralmente, siendo paralelo al rebaje que mantiene el ROTOR, tanto en su parte inferior como superior, centrado al eje de rotación. The roller holders, are formed by a rectangular cube shaped metal part closed at the bottom, this lower part rests inside the rectangular drawers of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors, in a rectangular metal part with about holes that allow it to be fastened by screws to holes that are at the base of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors. To these rectangular metal hubs for their most elongated part will have two circular holes on the inside, which will contain two bearings on both sides and that in the center of the two holes will have a hole of the same diameter as the inside of the bearing, whereby a metal shaft whose length will not exceed the outer side of the hub on both sides will be passed, in the middle of the two bearings a circular piece will be placed whose circular part is lowered with a circular shape, which has a hole whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the axis that crosses it, which has on both sides of the part that is not circular two circular projections whose diameter is less than the outer diameter of the bearing ridding the thickness of the outer part of greater diameter of the bearing. The roller holders will be introduced from the bottom in the vertical circular sectors and from the inside in the horizontal circular sectors up to a rectangular stop that prevents the roller holders from leaving, while allowing the circular piece to protrude, between the lower part of the cube and the metal plate that closes and that is joined by screws to the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, which will place a rectangular piece of a non-metallic material but with the ability to dampen, of perimeter dimensions equal to interior of rectangular drawers. The only difference between the roller holders of the vertical circular sectors and the roller holders of the horizontal circular sectors, is that in the circular piece for the roller holders positioned in the vertical circular sectors is that the circular recess of the circular piece has a diameter equal to the recess that serves as an axial support to the ROTOR for its lower part for its rotational sliding, and in the roller holders positioned in the horizontal circular sectors the circular recess has a diameter equal to the recess but with a larger arc whose purpose it is that of being able to adjust vertically and laterally, being parallel to the recess that the ROTOR maintains, both in its lower and upper part, centered on the axis of rotation.
Que la estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del ROTOR y la estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte superior del ROTOR, está compuesta por la unión de los sectores circulares, por las placas metálicas con forma de L y I por unos orificios en ambos lados que posibilitan la unión con tornillos, formando una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo. That the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR and the circular metal structure and parallel to the ground for the top of the ROTOR, is composed of the union of the circular sectors, by the L-shaped metal plates and I through holes on both sides that allow the connection with screws, forming a circular metal structure parallel to the ground.
El EJE para la SOLUCION TERCERA, podrá ser de "EJE TUBULAR" metálico, "EJE DE CELOSIA" metálica o "EJE DE CONCRETO", dependiendo del enclave, es decir, si se posiciona en el suelo o sobre alguna estructura, dependiendo del tamaño de la TURBINA y del cálculo estructural, manteniendo lo descrito para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA. The AXIS for the THIRD SOLUTION may be of "metallic TUBULAR AXIS", "CELOSIA AXLE" metallic or "CONCRETE AXIS", depending on the enclave, that is, if it is positioned on the ground or on some structure, depending on the size of the TURBINE and of the structural calculation, maintaining what is described for the FIRST AND SECOND SOLUTIONS.
Que todos los sectores circulares, tendrán acoplados en el total del perímetro del diámetro mayor y paralelo al suelo, una porción de engrane de
dientes rectos, siendo la suma de estos engranes atornillados e igualados en el valle, una corona circular. That all the circular sectors, will have coupled in the total of the perimeter of the greater diameter and parallel to the ground, a gear portion of straight teeth, being the sum of these gears screwed and matched in the valley, a circular crown.
ROTOR.- Que la descripción que se realizará a continuación, será igual para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA, SEGUNDA Y TERCERA. ROTOR.- That the description that will be made below will be the same for the FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD SOLUTIONS.
Lo componen dos estructuras metálicas circulares separadas verticalmente cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 1 % menor al diámetro menor del ENVOLVENTE, y cuyo diámetro menor será mayor al diámetro del EJE. It is made up of two vertically separated circular metal structures whose outer diameter will preferably be 1% smaller than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE, and whose smaller diameter will be greater than the diameter of the AXIS.
Cada estructura circular está compuesta de sectores circulares, los cuales tiene una estructura metálica como sector circular en el diámetro mayor que está conectado por radios de perfil estructural con un sector circular de diámetro menor. Each circular structure is composed of circular sectors, which has a metallic structure as a circular sector in the larger diameter that is connected by radii of structural profile with a circular sector of smaller diameter.
Cada sector circular con estructuras metálicas tiene una serie de perfiles estructurales posicionados estratégicamente en diagonales cruzadas en un número equivalente al número de radios que van desde el diámetro mayor al diámetro menor del ROTOR que evita los momentos de torsión cuando la potencia es comunicada entre ROTORES. Each circular sector with metal structures has a series of structural profiles strategically positioned in crossed diagonals in a number equivalent to the number of radii ranging from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ROTOR that avoids torsional moments when the power is communicated between ROTORS.
Cada sector circular con estructuras metálicas tiene un número de sectores circulares a lo largo de los radios posicionados estratégicamente. Each circular sector with metal structures has a number of circular sectors along the strategically positioned radii.
Que las dos estructuras metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente por estructuras verticales y horizontales cubiertas por lámina metálica adoptando forma aerodinámica, que en adelante llamaremos ALABES. That the two circular metal structures are vertically separated by vertical and horizontal structures covered by metallic foil adopting aerodynamic form, which we will call ALABES.
Que el borde de ataque de los ALABES parte de cero con curvatura en cuerda del ALABE del 5% y grosor en la parte más ancha del 10% de la cuerda. That the leading edge of the ALABES starts from zero with the ALABE rope curvature of 5% and the thickness at the widest part of the 10% of the rope.
Que existe una estructura central circular, formada por perfiles metálicos horizontales y verticales, esta estructura circular está cubierta por uña lámina metálica por la cara exterior, esto quiere decir, que el viento no puede pasar al interior teniendo que bordear la estructura central circular. That there is a circular central structure, formed by horizontal and vertical metal profiles, this circular structure is covered by a metal sheet on the outer face, this means that the wind cannot pass inside having to skirt the circular central structure.
Que esta estructura central circular, tiene la misma altura que los ALABES, siendo esta estructura central circular la zona de presión aerodinámica. That this circular central structure has the same height as the ALABES, this circular central structure being the aerodynamic pressure zone.
De las estructuras que atraviesan verticalmente el ALABE, tiene un larguero posicionado en el eje de simetría de la cuerda media del ALABE que está reforzado y sobresale tanto por la parte superior como inferior del ALABE con un eje metálico circular que en la parte superior se introduce en un rodamiento posicionado estratégicamente en la estructura metálica superior y por la parte
inferior introduciéndose en dos rodamientos, un rodamiento rígido de bolas y otro rodamiento axial de bolas, que permite la orientación del ALABE. Of the structures that cross the ALABE vertically, it has a stringer positioned on the axis of symmetry of the middle rope of the ALABE that is reinforced and protrudes both from the top and bottom of the ALABE with a circular metallic axis that is introduced at the top in a bearing strategically positioned in the upper metal structure and on the part lower entering two bearings, a deep groove ball bearing and another axial ball bearing, which allows the orientation of the ALABE.
En la parte inferior del ALABE donde sobresale el eje metálico tiene soldado un brazo metálico como una palanca horizontal a la parte inferior del ROTOR debajo de la lámina de la estructura circular y en el extremo opuesto una rótula que hace de unión con otro brazo que en el extremo opuesto a la rótula está conectado a una pieza metálica que va a trasladarse por un tornillo sinfín el cual gira movido por un motor eléctrico, cuya misión es la de poder orientar los ALABES o variar el ángulo de ataque con respecto al viento que entra tangencial, así como, freno aerodinámico al girar los ALABES hasta un ángulo donde el viento no genere energía. Cada ALABE tiene un sensor angular de lectura electrónica. In the lower part of the ALABE where the metal shaft protrudes, a metal arm is welded like a horizontal lever to the bottom of the ROTOR under the sheet of the circular structure and at the opposite end a ball joint that acts as a union with another arm that the end opposite the kneecap is connected to a metal piece that will be moved by an auger which rotates driven by an electric motor, whose mission is to be able to orient the ALABES or vary the angle of attack with respect to the wind that enters tangential, as well as, aerodynamic brake when turning the ALABES to an angle where the wind does not generate energy. Each ALABE has an angular sensor for electronic reading.
Que cada uno de los ALABES tiene un motor eléctrico, es decir, que si tenemos veinte ALABES, tendremos veinte motores eléctricos que están alimentados eléctricamente por un banco de baterías posicionadas estratégicamente en una zona cercana al EJE, que a su vez, se cargan eléctricamente por un generador. That each of the ALABES has an electric motor, that is, if we have twenty ALABES, we will have twenty electric motors that are electrically powered by a bank of batteries strategically positioned in an area close to the AXIS, which in turn, are electrically charged by a generator
Que el generador está posicionado verticalmente en la parte inferior del ROTOR, en un sector circular de la estructura circular en el diámetro menor, en una estructura, que el eje del generador tiene un engrane que acopla con el engrane de la corona circular del EJE que es fija, en el sentido, que cuando el ROTOR está en movimiento rotacional, el generador suministra la energía necesaria para cargar las baterías. That the generator is positioned vertically at the bottom of the ROTOR, in a circular sector of the circular structure in the smaller diameter, in a structure, that the generator shaft has a gear that engages with the gear of the circular crown of the AXIS that it is fixed, in the sense, that when the ROTOR is in rotational motion, the generator supplies the energy necessary to charge the batteries.
Que cada ROTOR tiene unos tensores aerodinámicos que están posicionados desde el diámetro exterior de la estructura circular de la base del ROTOR atravesando en su recorrido la estructura central circular y llegando hasta la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR, donde se sujetará. La distancia recorrida en la base del ROTOR es como un cateto mayor, la altura desde la base del ROTOR hasta la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior es como un cateto menor y el tensor aerodinámico como una hipotenusa teniendo este conjunto de conceptos una forma triangular. That each ROTOR has aerodynamic tensioners that are positioned from the outer diameter of the circular structure of the base of the ROTOR, crossing the circular central structure and reaching the upper circular structure through the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR, where will hold. The distance traveled at the base of the ROTOR is like a larger leg, the height from the base of the ROTOR to the upper circular structure at the bottom is like a smaller leg and the aerodynamic tensioner as a hypotenuse having this set of concepts a triangular shape .
Que los tensores aerodinámicos están sujetos en cada extremo, el extremo situado en el diámetro exterior está roscado y se hace pasar por unos orificios
practicados en una pieza estratégicamente posicionada en la parte superior de la base del ROTOR en el diámetro exterior donde se les pone una tuerca y contratuerca y el otro extremo roscado en la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR, atravesando una pieza metálica con orificios donde se le pone una tuerca que irá tensando el tensor aerodinámico hasta conseguir una horizontalidad con respecto al suelo del cateto mayor, una vez conseguida esta horizontalidad se procede a colocar la contratuerca. That the aerodynamic tensioners are attached at each end, the end located in the outer diameter is threaded and is passed through holes made in a piece strategically positioned in the upper part of the base of the ROTOR in the outer diameter where they are put a nut and locknut and the other threaded end in the upper circular structure by the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR, crossing a piece metal with holes where a nut is placed that will tighten the aerodynamic tensioner until a horizontality is achieved with respect to the floor of the larger leg, once this horizontality is achieved, the locknut is placed.
Que dependiendo del radio del ROTOR y el cálculo estructural se colocan unos tensores aerodinámicos cuyo extremo se va posicionando en la base del ROTOR pero más alejado del diámetro exterior y el otro extremo en la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR, conformándose otro triángulo cuyo cateto mayor es menor al primer tensor aerodinámico, y donde el cateto menor permanece igual en altura, siendo la hipotenusa más corta. That depending on the radius of the ROTOR and the structural calculation, aerodynamic tensioners are placed whose end is positioned at the base of the ROTOR but further away from the outside diameter and the other end in the upper circular structure by the lower part of the inside diameter of the ROTOR, conforming another triangle whose major leg is smaller than the first aerodynamic tensioner, and where the smaller leg remains the same in height, being the shortest hypotenuse.
Cada sector circular de la estructura circular que configura la base del Each circular sector of the circular structure that configures the base of the
ROTOR y la parte superior del ROTOR, tiene unos largueros metálicos verticales en cada radio situándolos desde la base por la parte superior del ROTOR hasta la parte superior por el lado inferior, donde un larguero está posicionado en la cara interior de un sector de la estructura central circular en el lado derecho y otro en el lado izquierdo llamándolos así por la orientación al EJE, estos largueros tienen unas prolongaciones laterales en la parte superior e inferior que permite que pueda pasar los tensores aerodinámicos, otros largueros se posicionan en el lado derecho e izquierdo del sector circular de la estructura circular en el diámetro interior, estos largueros tienen en la parte superior las piezas con orificios donde se sujetan y tensan los tensores aerodinámicos. ROTOR and the upper part of the ROTOR, has vertical metal stringers in each radius placing them from the base by the upper part of the ROTOR to the upper part by the lower side, where a stringer is positioned on the inner face of a sector of the structure circular center on the right side and another on the left side calling them by the orientation to the AXIS, these stringers have lateral extensions in the upper and lower part that allows the aerodynamic tensioners to pass, other stringers are positioned on the right side and Left of the circular sector of the circular structure in the inner diameter, these stringers have at the top the pieces with holes where the aerodynamic tensioners are held and tensioned.
Que donde están posicionados los largueros verticales y orientándonos hacia el EJE, podemos decir que de la base del larguero de la derecha detrás del sector de la estructura central circular ponemos un larguero en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero de la izquierda detrás de la estructura central circular, y de la base del larguero vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa metálica en ambos lados del cruce para reforzar las diagonales. That where the vertical stringers are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS, we can say that from the base of the right stringer behind the sector of the circular central structure we put a diagonal stringer to the top of the left stringer behind the structure circular center, and from the base of the vertical crossbar on the left we put a crossbar diagonally to the top of the crossbar on the right, welding at all ends and at the crossing of both diagonals a metal plate is positioned on both sides of the crossing to reinforce the diagonals.
Que donde están posicionados los largueros verticales y orientados hacia el
EJE, podemos decir que de la base del larguero de la derecha del sector circular de la estructura circular en el diámetro interior ponemos un larguero en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero de la izquierda del sector circular de la estructura circular en el diámetro interior, y de la base del larguero vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa metálica en ambos lados del cruce con orificios para reforzar el cruce de las diagonales. That where the vertical beams are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS, we can say that from the base of the beam on the right side of the circular sector of the circular structure in the inner diameter we put a diagonal beam to the top of the left side of the circular sector of the circular structure in the inner diameter, and from the base of the vertical stringer on the left we put a diagonal stringer to the top of the stringer on the right, welding at all ends and at the crossing of both diagonals a metal plate is positioned on both sides of the crossing with holes for reinforce the crossing of the diagonals.
Que el ROTOR tiene tanto en el diámetro interior del sector circular de la estructura circular superior e inferior por su lado exterior más cercano al EJE, una ranura donde se introduce una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura por la parte exterior de la estructura superior e inferior del ROTOR que se sujeta por tornillos, está en paralelo formado por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte superior interior, encarada al rebaje de arco mayor de los rodillos horizontales posicionados en el EJE, que mantiene el ROTOR ventajosamente concéntrico al EJE. That the ROTOR has both in the inner diameter of the circular sector of the upper and lower circular structure on its outer side closest to the AXIS, a groove where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is introduced, from the base of the semicircle to the supporting face inside the groove on the outside of the upper and lower structure of the ROTOR that is fastened by screws, it is parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the inner top, facing the lower arc recess of the horizontal rollers positioned in the AXIS, which keeps the ROTOR advantageously concentric to the AXIS.
Que el ROTOR en la estructura circular inferior por el diámetro interior en la parte inferior tiene unas ranuras donde se posiciona una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta el interior de la ranura en la parte inferior, está formada por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte exterior encarados al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener el ROTOR apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ROTOR. That the ROTOR in the lower circular structure by the inner diameter at the bottom has grooves where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is positioned from the base of the semicircle to the inside of the groove in the bottom, is formed by bolted circular sectors on the outside facing the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the ROTOR supported axially allowing the rotation of the ROTOR.
Que el ROTOR tiene una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones metálicas rectangulares con un orificio, dicha prolongación rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector circular metálico en unos huecos rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores circulares metálicos. That the ROTOR has a circular structure formed by circular sectors, on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next metal circular sector in rectangular holes, once positioned they are introduced a screw of sufficient length along the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular metal sectors embraced.
Que el ROTOR se puede escalar en sentido vertical, tantas unidades como altura total del EJE, con tantas unidades de conexión al EJE como número de ROTORES tengamos, para la SEGUNDA SOLUCION. That the ROTOR can be scaled vertically, as many units as the total height of the AXIS, with as many units of connection to the AXIS as the number of ROTORS we have, for the SECOND SOLUTION.
Que el ROTOR se puede escalar en sentido vertical, tantas unidades como
altura total de la TURBINA, con tantas unidades de conexión hasta la altura de la TURBINA, para la PRIMERA SOLUCION. That the ROTOR can be scaled vertically, as many units as total height of the TURBINE, with so many connection units up to the height of the TURBINE, for the FIRST SOLUTION.
Que para que exista continuidad de giro entre el último ROTOR de los escalados en la parte superior hasta el primer ROTOR más próximo al suelo, vamos a colocar una serie de piezas cilindricas metálicas que llamaremos CONECTOR MACHO y CONECTOR HEMBRA. That so that there is continuity of rotation between the last ROTOR of the scaling at the top until the first ROTOR closest to the ground, we will place a series of metal cylindrical parts that we will call MALE CONNECTOR and FEMALE CONNECTOR.
Que el ROTOR más próximo a la base del EJE, en la base del ROTOR por la parte superior cercana al diámetro interior tiene unos orificios donde se introducen unas piezas metálicas circulares que llamaremos CONECTORES MACHOS, repartidos en número por todo el perímetro inferior de la base del ROTOR, que atraviesan la base del ROTOR e introduciéndose en otras piezas metálicas circulares cuyo centro tiene un orificio circular cuyo diámetro interior coincide con el diámetro exterior del CONECTOR MACHO llamando a estas piezas metálicas circulares con orificio interior CONECTORES HEMBRAS. Los CONECTORES HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA o en el rotor del GENERADOR ELECTRICO. That the ROTOR closest to the base of the AXIS, at the base of the ROTOR at the top near the inner diameter has holes where circular metal parts that we will call MALE CONNECTORS are introduced, distributed in number throughout the bottom perimeter of the base of the ROTOR, that cross the base of the ROTOR and being introduced in other circular metal pieces whose center has a circular hole whose inner diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR by calling these circular metal pieces with inner hole FEMALE CONNECTORS. The FEMALE CONNECTORS are positioned on the top of the POWER TRAIN or on the rotor of the ELECTRIC GENERATOR.
Que el primer ROTOR más próximo a la base del EJE tiene en la estructura circular superior por la parte exterior superior un número de CONECTORES HEMBRAS estratégica y suficientemente posicionados que coinciden con los CONECTORES MACHOS posicionados estratégica y suficientemente en la base del segundo ROTOR en su parte inferior en número igual al número de CONECTORES HEMBRAS del primer ROTOR. That the first ROTOR closest to the base of the AXIS has in the upper circular structure on the upper outer part a number of strategically and sufficiently positioned FEMALE CONNECTORS that coincide with the MALE CONNECTORS strategically and sufficiently positioned at the base of the second ROTOR lower in number equal to the number of FEMALE CONNECTORS of the first ROTOR.
Repitiendo la operación anterior, tantas veces como número de ROTORES estén posicionados en sentido vertical, dado que cada ROTOR es independiente, con una conexión y apoyo en el EJE también independiente, reduciéndose sustancialmente las cargas gravitacionales y el peso unitario de cada ROTOR. Repeating the previous operation, as many times as the number of ROTORS are positioned vertically, since each ROTOR is independent, with a connection and support in the HUB also independent, substantially reducing the gravitational loads and the unit weight of each ROTOR.
Que el ROTOR tendrá un número de perfiles circulares horizontales por sector circular, así como, radios en función del cálculo estructural, que genere la necesidad o no, de añadir más elementos estructurales. That the ROTOR will have a number of horizontal circular profiles per circular sector, as well as radii depending on the structural calculation, which generates the need or not, to add more structural elements.
Que la altura del ROTOR siempre será una décima parte del radio del That the height of the ROTOR will always be one tenth of the radius of the
ROTOR, para las TRES SOLUCIONES. ROTOR, for the THREE SOLUTIONS.
Que el ROTOR puede ser configurado por el tipo, forma y configuración de los ALABES. La invención propone dos grupos de ROTORES. That the ROTOR can be configured by the type, shape and configuration of the ALABES. The invention proposes two groups of ROTORS.
El primer grupo de ROTORES, tiene un solo tipo de ALABES iguales,
posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR y la estructura central circular, que tienen la capacidad de ser orientados mecánicamente, en un número ideal de veinte ALABES. The first group of ROTORS, has only one type of ALABES equal, positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR and the circular central structure, which have the ability to be mechanically oriented, in an ideal number of twenty WINGS.
El segundo grupo de ROTORES, tiene tres tipos de ALABES posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR y la estructura central circular, un ALABE de tamaño mayor, otro de tamaño mediano y el último de tamaño menor, todos fijos, en un número ideal de cinco grupos de ALABES. The second group of ROTORS, has three types of ALABES positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR and the circular central structure, a larger size ALABE, a medium-sized ALABE and the last one of smaller size, all fixed, in an ideal number of five ALABES groups.
Que cada ROTOR, en el supuesto de varios ROTORES, tiene su propia fuente de alimentación. That each ROTOR, in the case of several ROTORS, has its own power supply.
Que cada ROTOR tiene central electrónica de control, con rectificadores, reguladores, centralita de control remoto con antena perimetral, los sensores de posicionamiento angular de los ALABES, sensores de temperatura, sensores volumétricos, sensores de torque y todos los que pudieran necesitarse. That each ROTOR has an electronic control center, with rectifiers, regulators, remote control unit with perimeter antenna, the angular positioning sensors of the ALABES, temperature sensors, volumetric sensors, torque sensors and all that may be needed.
Que las estructuras de los sectores circulares, tanto superiores como inferiores, que tienen largueros verticales, largueros diagonales, largueros horizontales, radios y sectores circulares, estarán unidos en los laterales por medio de tornillería, para convertir el conjunto de sectores circulares en estructuras circulares sólidas, cubiertas de lámina metálica desde el diámetro exterior del ROTOR hasta el diámetro exterior de la estructura central circular. That the structures of the circular sectors, both upper and lower, that have vertical stringers, diagonal stringers, horizontal stringers, radii and circular sectors, will be joined on the sides by means of screws, to convert the set of circular sectors into solid circular structures , metal sheet covers from the outer diameter of the ROTOR to the outer diameter of the circular central structure.
ENVOLVENTE.- Lo compone una estructura circular cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 40% mayor al diámetro del ROTOR, y cuyo diámetro interior preferentemente será un 1 % mayor al diámetro del ROTOR. Que la descripción que se realizará a continuación, será igual para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA, SEGUNDA Y TERCERA. ENVELOPE.- It is composed of a circular structure whose outer diameter, preferably will be 40% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR, and whose inner diameter preferably will be 1% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR. That the description that will be made below will be the same for the FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD SOLUTIONS.
Consta de dos estructuras metálicas circulares compuestas por sectores circulares, con diámetro perimetral mayor y diámetro perimetral menor, que están comunicados por radios estructurales metálicos. It consists of two circular metal structures composed of circular sectors, with a larger perimeter diameter and a smaller perimeter diameter, which are connected by metal structural radii.
Estas estructuras metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente por su parte interior a una distancia equivalente a la altura del ROTOR. These circular metal structures are vertically separated by their inner part at a distance equivalent to the height of the ROTOR.
Estas estructuras metálicas circulares están cubiertas por una lámina metálica, la estructura metálica circular inferior tiene la lámina metálica por la parte superior y la estructura metálica superior tiene la lámina metálica por su parte inferior, estas láminas metálicas tienen como finalidad encapsular el viento que se dirige al ROTOR.
Las dos estructuras metálicas circulares están unidas verticalmente por nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor. These circular metal structures are covered by a metal sheet, the lower circular metal structure has the metal sheet at the top and the upper metal structure has the metal sheet at the bottom, these metal sheets are intended to encapsulate the wind that is directed to the ROTOR. The two circular metal structures are joined vertically by nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by sheet metal positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter.
De las nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, siete estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales están posicionadas y repartidas de forma proporcional en la parte frontal encarada al viento, en un perímetro de 150° angulares. A estas siete estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, las llamaremos DEFLECTORES DE ENTRADA del viento y a las dos estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, en un perímetro de 60° angulares las llamaremos DEFLECTORES DE SALIDA. Of the nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by sheet metal positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, seven horizontal and vertical metal structures are positioned and distributed proportionally in the part frontal facing the wind, in a perimeter of 150 ° angular. These seven horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metallic foil, we will call the wind INPUT DEFLECTORS and the two horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metallic foil positioned as a wall that go from the perimeter of the largest diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, in a perimeter of 60 ° angular we will call them OUTPUT DEFLECTORS.
Los DEFLECTORES DE ENTRADA, vistos frontalmente, los nombraremos de derecha a izquierda, como DEFLECTOR PRIMERO, DEFLECTOR SEGUNDO SEGUNDO, DEFLECTOR TERCERO, DEFLECTOR CUARTO, DEFLECTOR QUINTO, DEFLECTOR SEXTO Y DEFLECTOR SEPTIMO. The ENTRY DEFLECTORS, seen frontally, will be named from right to left, as FIRST DEFLECTOR, SECOND SECOND DEFLECTOR, THIRD DEFLECTOR, FOURTH DEFLECTOR, FIFTH DEFLECTOR, SIXTH DEFLECTOR AND SEVENTH DEFLECTOR.
DEFLECTOR SEPTIMO, lo componen estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, posicionada como una pared desde el perímetro del diámetro exterior de la estructura circular, haciendo un recorrido curvado hasta el perímetro del diámetro interior, a 300° angulares. A lo largo de este recorrido se le posicionan estratégicamente cinco deflectores, absolutamente independientes entre sí, cuya conexión de pivote empieza donde termina el siguiente deflector, con la finalidad de controlar el flujo de viento que llega al rotor en 150° angulares. Que donde termina cada uno de los deflectores independientes, tiene un brazo pivotante conectado por la cara interna hasta un motor posicionado en el perímetro del DEFLECTOR SEPTIMO cuya misión es la de variar el ángulo de ataque deflectando el viento. SEVENTH DEFLECTOR, is composed of horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal sheet, positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the outer diameter of the circular structure, making a curved path to the perimeter of the inner diameter, at 300 ° angular. Along this route, five deflectors are strategically positioned, absolutely independent of each other, whose pivot connection begins where the next deflector ends, in order to control the wind flow that reaches the rotor at 150 ° angles. That where each of the independent deflectors ends, it has a pivoting arm connected by the inner face to an engine positioned on the perimeter of the SEVENTH DEFLECTOR whose mission is to vary the angle of attack by deflecting the wind.
La TURBINA, es escalable, esto quiere decir que la estructura circular inferior por su parte exterior inferior del ENVOLVENTE se posiciona en la parte superior de la estructura circular por su parte exterior superior del envolvente inferior de la primera TURBINA y la que está posicionada sobre ésta sería la
segunda TURBINA, siendo que la unión del ENVOLVENTE de la primera TURBINA y el ENVOLVENTE de la segunda TURBINA los convierte en un sólo ENVOLVENTE. The TURBINE is scalable, this means that the lower circular structure on its lower outer part of the ENVELOPE is positioned on the upper part of the circular structure on its upper outer part of the lower envelope of the first TURBINE and the one that is positioned on it it would be the second TURBINE, being that the union of the ENVELOPE of the first TURBINE and the ENVELOPE of the second TURBINE makes them a single ENVELOPE.
Que el último ENVOLVENTE posicionado verticalmente, tiene una altura mayor por la parte superior exterior a la altura del ROTOR por la parte superior exterior, pero el ENVOLVENTE en la parte superior por la parte inferior tiene la misma altura que la parte superior por la parte inferior del ROTOR. That the last SURVEY positioned vertically, has a greater height from the top outside to the height of the ROTOR from the top outside, but the SURROUND at the top by the bottom has the same height as the top by the bottom of the ROTOR.
Que el último ENVOLVENTE tiene una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares cuyo diámetro exterior es el mismo que el diámetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE y el diámetro interior llega hasta los porta rodillos posicionados en los sectores circulares horizontales en el EJE, ambos diámetros conectados por radios estructurales, que el diámetro más próximo al EJE tiene una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones metálicas rectangulares con un orificio, dicha prolongación rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector circular metálico en unos huecos rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tomillo de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores circulares metálicos. That the last ENVELOPE has a circular structure formed by circular sectors whose outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the ENVELOPE and the inner diameter reaches the roller holders positioned in the horizontal circular sectors in the AXIS, both diameters connected by structural radii, that the diameter closest to the AXIS has a circular structure formed by circular sectors, on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next metal circular sector in rectangular holes, once positioned, a thyme of sufficient length is introduced through the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular metal sectors embraced.
Que el diámetro interior tiene una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en una ranura en la parte exterior de la estructura ENVOLVENTE que se sujeta por tornillos, están en paralelo formado por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte superior que se encara al rebaje con arco mayor de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener el ENVOLVENTE concéntrico al EJE. That the inner diameter has a semicircular piece with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests in a groove on the outside of the SURROUND structure that is held by screws, are in parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the part upper that faces the recess with greater arc of the rollers, which serves to keep the ENVELOPE concentric to the AXIS.
Que la estructura circular por el diámetro interior en la parte inferior tiene una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta una ranura en la cara que apoya en la parte inferior, formada por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte exterior encarada al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener el ENVOLVENTE apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ENVOLVENTE. That the circular structure with the inner diameter in the lower part has a semicircular piece with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to a groove in the face that supports in the lower part, formed by circular sectors screwed by the outer part facing the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the ENVELOPE supported axially allowing the rotation of the ENVELOPE.
Que el ENVOLVENTE por la parte más próxima al suelo, tiene unas estructuras metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada formada por elementos metálicos estructurales, donde la base mayor de las estructuras metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada está unida a la parte inferior
de la base del ENVOLVENTE desde el diámetro mayor a el diámetro menor del ENVOLVENTE, y la base menor de las estructuras metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada, tiene una plataforma que tiene un motor eléctrico que por medio de engranes hará girar cuatro ruedas metálicas cuyo perímetro circular tiene un rebaje que apoya en dos raíles concéntricos al EJE, que permite orientar el ENVOLVENTE por los DEFLECTORES DE ENTRADA a barlovento. That the SURROUND by the part closest to the ground, has a truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures formed by structural metal elements, where the major base of the truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures is attached to the bottom of the base of the ENVELOPE from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ENVELOPE, and the minor base of the truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures, has a platform that has an electric motor that by means of gears will spin four metal wheels whose Circular perimeter has a recess that supports on two concentric rails to the AXIS, which allows the ENVELOPE to be oriented by the windward ENTRANCE DEFLECTORS.
Que el ENVOLVENTE para turbinas de pequeñas dimensiones esto es, hasta los 10 kilovatios (kw), tendrá en la parte superior por su parte superior un timón a modo de veleta solidariamente unido al ENVOLVENTE, que direccionará al ENVOLVENTE a barlovento. That the ENVELOPE for small-sized turbines, that is, up to 10 kilowatts (kw), will have a rudder-shaped rudder on the upper part connected to the ENVELOPE, which will direct the WINDWIND ENVELOPE.
Que el ENVOLVENTE se dota de unos perfiles metálicos verticales a modo de persianas en la parte frontal entre cada uno de los DEFLECTORES DE ENTRADA del ENVOLVENTE con la misma altura de una etapa por cada ENVOLVENTE en sentido vertical, que tiene un motor con medios suficientes para permitir el giro de los perfiles metálicos verticales, cuya finalidad es la de impedir la entrada del viento cuando la velocidad excede los parámetros de seguridad. That the ENVELOPE is provided with vertical metal profiles by way of blinds on the front between each of the ENVELOPE ENVELOPE DEFLECTORS with the same height of one stage for each ENVELOPE vertically, which has a motor with sufficient means for allow the rotation of vertical metal profiles, whose purpose is to prevent wind from entering when the speed exceeds the safety parameters.
Que el ENVOLVENTE en turbinas multimegavatios tiene una zona en la parte posterior cerca de los deflectores de salida, que se puede habilitar como oficinas de control, zona habitacional tipo condominio con un número de viviendas por nivel, para la residencia de los empleados y sus familias, con todos los servicios, como drenaje, agua potable, electricidad residencial, telefonía, ascensores, escaleras, ventanas en el perímetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE, accesos para personas con capacidades diferentes, ya que, el acceso de ascensores está a nivel del suelo con rampa, que rodea toda la base en el perímetro del ENVOLVENTE debido principalmente a la orientación de éste. That the ENVOLVENTE in multi-megawatt turbines has an area in the back near the exit baffles, which can be enabled as control offices, condominium-type residential area with a number of homes per level, for the residence of employees and their families , with all the services, such as drainage, drinking water, residential electricity, telephony, elevators, stairs, windows in the outer perimeter of the ENVELOPE, access for people with different capacities, since, the access of elevators is at ground level with ramp , which surrounds the entire base on the perimeter of the ENVELOPE mainly due to its orientation.
TREN DE POTENCIA.- La potencia de la rotación de los ROTORES es transferida a los generadores por el TREN DE POTENCIA. POWER TRAIN.- The rotational power of the ROTORS is transferred to the generators by the POWER TRAIN.
El TREN DE POTENCIA está compuesto por tres grupos de elementos, una parte fija en el EJE, una parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE, y la conexión que acopla por CONECTORES MACHOS Y CONECTORES HEMBRAS al ROTOR. The POWER TRAIN is composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part in the AXIS, a moving part GEAR HOLDER, and the connection that connects by MALE CONNECTORS and FEMALE CONNECTORS to the ROTOR.
La parte fija está compuesta por una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA por la parte inferior, está formada por sectores circulares, donde cada sector tiene a cada lado una placa
metálica con forma de L, donde la parte vertical hacia el perfil I en el EJE, tiene una placa metálica en ambas placas metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara plana del perfil I por sus orificios con tornillos, las placas metálicas con forma de L, estarán soldadas a unos sectores circulares, formados por tres sectores circulares verticales, en la parte inferior de la placa metálica con forma de L, y por tres sectores circulares horizontales a la parte más larga de la placa metálica con forma de L, los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares horizontales, tienen en su interior unos cajones rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos. The fixed part is composed of a circular metal structure and parallel to the ground for the upper part of the POWER TRAIN on the bottom, it is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has a plate on each side L-shaped metal, where the vertical part towards the profile I in the AXIS, has a metal plate on both L-shaped metal plates, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by its screw holes, the L-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by three vertical circular sectors, at the bottom of the L-shaped metal plate, and by three horizontal circular sectors to the longest part of the metal plate with L-shape, the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, have inside rectangular drawers, which serve to house the roller holders.
Estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del TREN Circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the TRAIN
DE POTENCIA por la parte inferior , está formada por sectores circulares, donde cada sector tiene a cada lado una placa metálica con forma de L, donde la parte vertical hacia el perfil I en el EJE, tiene una placa metálica en ambas placas metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara plana del perfil I por sus orificios con tomillos, las placas metálicas con forma de L, estarán soldadas a unos sectores circulares, formados por tres sectores circulares verticales, en la parte inferior de la placa metálica con forma de L, y por tres sectores circulares horizontales a la parte más larga de la placa metálica con forma de L, los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares horizontales, tienen en su interior unos cajones rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos. POWER on the bottom, it is formed by circular sectors, where each sector has on each side an L-shaped metal plate, where the vertical part towards the profile I in the AXIS, has a metal plate on both metal plates with form of L, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face of the profile I by its holes with thymes, the L-shaped metal plates will be welded to circular sectors, formed by three vertical circular sectors, at the bottom of the plate L-shaped metal, and by three horizontal circular sectors to the longest part of the L-shaped metal plate, the vertical circular sectors and the horizontal circular sectors, inside have rectangular drawers, which serve to house the porta rollers
Los porta rodillos, están formados por una pieza metálica con forma de cubo rectangular cerrado por su parte inferior, esta parte inferior apoya en el interior de los cajones rectangulares de los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares planos, en una pieza metálica rectangular con unos orificios que permite sujetarla por tornillos a unos orificios que se encuentran en la base de los sectores circulares verticales y los sectores circulares planos. A estos cubos metálicos rectangulares por su parte más alargada tendrán dos huecos circulares por su parte interior, que contendrá sendos rodamientos a ambos lados y que en el centro de los dos huecos tendrá un orificio del mismo diámetro que el interior del rodamiento, por el que se pasará un eje metálico cuya longitud no excederá el lado exterior del cubo a ambos lados, en medio de los dos rodamientos se colocará una pieza circular cuya parte circular está rebajada con forma circular, tiene un orificio cuyo diámetro es igual al diámetro del eje que lo atraviesa, tiene a
ambos lados de la parte que no es circular dos resaltes circulares cuyo diámetro es inferior al diámetro exterior del rodamiento librando el espesor de la parte externa de diámetro mayor del rodamiento. Los porta rodillos se introducirán por la parte inferior en los sectores circulares verticales y por la parte interior en los sectores circulares horizontales hasta un tope rectangular que permite que sobresalga la pieza circular. Que los porta rodillos de los sectores circulares verticales y los porta rodillos de los sectores circulares horizontales, en la pieza circular para los porta rodillos posicionados en los sectores circulares verticales es que el rebaje de forma circular de la pieza circular tiene un diámetro igual al rebaje que sirve de apoyo axial al TREN DE POTENCIA para la parte superior por la parte inferior y por la parte inferior por la parte inferior, para el deslizamiento rotacional, y en los porta rodillos posicionados en los sectores circulares horizontales el rebaje de forma circular tiene un diámetro igual al rebaje, paralelo al rebaje que mantiene el TREN DE POTENCIA, tanto en su parte inferior como superior, concéntrico al eje de rotación. The roller holders, are formed by a rectangular cube shaped metal part closed at the bottom, this lower part rests inside the rectangular drawers of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors, in a rectangular metal part with about holes that allow it to be fastened by screws to holes that are at the base of the vertical circular sectors and the flat circular sectors. To these rectangular metal hubs for their most elongated part will have two circular holes on the inside, which will contain two bearings on both sides and that in the center of the two holes will have a hole of the same diameter as the inside of the bearing, whereby a metal shaft whose length will not exceed the outer side of the hub on both sides will be passed, in the middle of the two bearings a circular piece will be placed whose circular part is lowered with a circular shape, has a hole whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the shaft that it goes through it, it has to both sides of the part that is not circular two circular projections whose diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing, freeing the thickness of the outer part of the larger diameter of the bearing. The roller holders will be introduced from the bottom in the vertical circular sectors and from the inside in the horizontal circular sectors to a rectangular stop that allows the circular piece to protrude. That the roller holders of the vertical circular sectors and the roller holders of the horizontal circular sectors, in the circular piece for the roller holders positioned in the vertical circular sectors is that the circular shaped recess of the circular piece has a diameter equal to the recess which serves as an axial support for the POWER TRAIN for the upper part for the lower part and for the lower part for the lower part, for rotational sliding, and in the roller holders positioned in the horizontal circular sectors the circular shaped recess has a diameter equal to the recess, parallel to the recess that maintains the POWER TRAIN, both in its lower and upper part, concentric to the axis of rotation.
Que la estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del TREN DE POTENCIA y la estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA, está compuesta por la unión de los sectores circulares, por las placas metálicas con forma de L por unos orificios en ambos lados que posibilitan la unión con tornillos, formando unas estructuras metálicas circulares y paralelas al suelo. That the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the bottom of the POWER TRAIN and the circular metal structure parallel to the ground for the top of the POWER TRAIN, is composed of the union of the circular sectors, by the metal plates with L-shape through holes on both sides that allow the connection with screws, forming circular metal structures parallel to the ground.
La parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE está compuesta por una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo, cuyo propósito es la de servir como un portador de una corona dentada, la estructura está formada por sectores circulares metálicos con un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior hay una ranura en el perímetro del sector circular donde se ubican porciones de engrane. The PORTA ENGRANE mobile part is composed of a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, whose purpose is to serve as a bearer of a toothed crown, the structure is formed by metallic circular sectors with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the diameter greater and between the top and bottom there is a groove in the perimeter of the circular sector where portions of gear are located.
Por el diámetro menor tiene una abertura que separa la parte superior de la parte inferior a una distancia equivalente al ancho de la estructura circular fija posicionada en el EJE. For the smaller diameter it has an opening that separates the upper part from the lower part at a distance equivalent to the width of the fixed circular structure positioned in the AXIS.
Que en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior, tiene unas ranuras donde se colocan unas piezas semicirculares con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior,
formada por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte exterior del sector circular metálico, se encara al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener el PORTA ENGRANE apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del PORTA ENGRANE. That in the smaller diameter in the upper and lower part, it has grooves where semicircular pieces with rectangular extension are placed from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove at the top by the bottom and in the bottom by the bottom, formed by circular sectors screwed on the outside of the metal circular sector, it faces the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER supported axially allowing the rotation of the GEAR HOLDER.
Que el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior por su parte exterior más cercano al EJE, tiene una ranura donde se introduce una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura por la parte superior de la estructura superior e inferior de la parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE, está en paralelo formado por sectores circulares atornillada por la parte superior y se encara al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener el TREN DE POTENCIA concéntrico al EJE. That the smaller diameter in the upper and lower part by its outer part closest to the AXIS, has a groove where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is introduced, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove by the upper part of the upper and lower structure of the PORTA ENGRANE mobile part, is in parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the upper part and faces the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the POWER TRAIN concentric to the AXIS.
Que en el lateral de un sector PORTA ENGRANE tiene unas prolongaciones metálicas rectangulares con un orificio, dicha prolongación rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector PORTA ENGRANE en unos huecos rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores PORTA ENGRANES. That on the side of a PORTA ENGRANE sector has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next PORTA ENGRANE sector in rectangular holes, once positioned a screw of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the PORTA ENGRANES sectors embraced.
Que los CONECTORES HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA coincidiendo el diámetro interior de los CONECTORES HEMBRAS con el diámetro exterior de los CONECTORES MACHOS metálicos cilindricos que se introducen en unos huecos circulares realizados en la base del ROTOR atravesándola por la parte superior de la base del ROTOR y saliendo por la parte inferior de la base del ROTOR e introduciéndose en los CONECTORES HEMBRAS por la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA, coincidiendo el mismo número de CONECTORES HEMBRAS con el de CONECTORES MACHOS. That the FEMALE CONNECTORS are positioned at the top of the POWER TRAIN coinciding with the inside diameter of the FEMALE CONNECTORS with the outside diameter of the cylindrical metal MALE CONNECTORS that are introduced into circular holes made in the base of the ROTOR through the top from the base of the ROTOR and coming out from the bottom of the base of the ROTOR and entering the FEMALE CONNECTORS at the top of the POWER TRAIN, coinciding the same number of FEMALE CONNECTORS with that of MALE CONNECTORS.
Que los CONECTORES MACHOS metálicos cilindricos tienen en la parte superior expuesta en la base del ROTOR por la parte superior, un saliente circular de diámetro mayor al diámetro del CONECTOR MACHO, con unos orificios donde se introducen unos tornillos que sujetan al CONECTOR MACHO en la base del ROTOR por el lado superior. That the cylindrical metal MALE CONNECTORS have at the top exposed at the base of the ROTOR at the top, a circular projection with a diameter greater than the diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR, with holes where screws are introduced that hold the MALE CONNECTOR at the base of the ROTOR on the upper side.
Que las porciones de engrane unidas entre sí por el valle del diente del engrane conforman una corona circular dentada, que transmitirá la potencia del
ROTOR a los GENERADORES situados en el suelo, transmitiendo la potencia a otros engranes de diferentes diámetros, siendo el número de GENERADORES múltiplo de dos, es decir, que se pueden poner dos, cuatro, etc. , permitiendo el cierre de los circuitos de generación en función de la velocidad del viento, para el caso de que la transmisión de la potencia no sea directa. That the gear portions joined together by the gear tooth valley form a circular toothed crown, which will transmit the power of the ROTOR to the GENERATORS located on the ground, transmitting the power to other gears of different diameters, the number of GENERATORS being multiple of two, that is, two, four, etc. can be set. , allowing the closing of the generation circuits depending on the wind speed, in case the power transmission is not direct.
Que las cargas físicas y dinámicas que tiene que soportar el TREN DE POTENCIA son exclusivamente las relativas al peso físico del propio TREN DE POTENCIA, debido a la independencia de conexiones en el EJE que tiene el ROTOR con el TREN DE POTENCIA y las dinámicas con los generadores. That the physical and dynamic loads that the POWER TRAIN has to bear are exclusively those related to the physical weight of the POWER TRAIN itself, due to the independence of connections in the AXIS that the ROTOR has with the POWER TRAIN and the dynamics with the generators
GENERADORES.- Los GENERADORES que la invención propone están basados en GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes, que pueden ser con ROTOR PORTA IMANES exterior o con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior. GENERATORS.- The GENERATORS that the invention proposes are based on permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS, which can be with external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR or internal MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR.
Los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES exterior, están compuestos por una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares sujetos permanentemente por tornillos a la estructura en el EJE, posicionándoles unas bobinas alargadas y devanadas de cobre barnizado en el perímetro de la estructura circular, a este conjunto de bobinas las llamaremos ESTATORES. The permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with external MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER, are composed of a circular structure formed by circular sectors permanently attached by screws to the structure in the AXIS, positioning them elongated and winding coils of varnished copper on the perimeter of the circular structure, We will call this set of coils STATORS.
Que los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES exterior, tienen una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares, de similares características a la estructura móvil PORTA ENGRANE, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES exterior. El sistema de apoyo que tiene en el EJE es similar al sistema de apoyo que tiene la estructura móvil PORTA ENGRANE. La parte móvil PORTA IMANES está compuesta por una estructura metálica circular y paralela al suelo, cuyo propósito es la de servir como un portador de imanes permanentes, la estructura está formada por sectores circulares metálicos con un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior por el lado interior se posicionan verticalmente unos imanes permanentes ventajosamente posicionados y encarados a las bobinas del ESTATOR. That the synchronous generators of permanent magnets with ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS outside, have a circular structure formed by circular sectors, of similar characteristics to the mobile structure PORTA ENGRANE, which in this case we will call ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS outside. The support system you have in the AXIS is similar to the support system that has the PORTA ENGRANE mobile structure. The PORTA MAGNET mobile part is composed of a circular metal structure parallel to the ground, whose purpose is to serve as a carrier of permanent magnets, the structure is formed by circular metal sectors with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part on the inner side, permanent magnets are positioned vertically advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR.
Por el diámetro menor la parte superior y la parte inferior están separadas a una distancia equivalente a la altura del ESTATOR en la estructura circular fija que está posicionada en el EJE.
Que en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior, tiene unas ranuras verticales donde se posicionan unas piezas semicirculares con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de las ranuras en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior, formada por sectores circulares atornillados por la parte exterior del diámetro menor, se encara al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener la parte móvil PORTA IMANES apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del PORTA IMANES. By the smaller diameter the upper part and the lower part are separated by a distance equivalent to the height of the ESTATOR in the fixed circular structure that is positioned in the AXIS. That in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom, it has vertical grooves where semicircular pieces with rectangular extension are positioned from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the grooves at the top by the bottom and in the lower part by the lower part, formed by circular sectors screwed by the outer part of the smaller diameter, it faces the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the movable PORTA MAGNET part supported axially allowing the rotation of the MAGNET HOLDER.
Que el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior por su lado exterior más cercano al EJE, tiene una ranura donde se coloca una pieza semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura en la parte exterior de la estructura superior e inferior de la parte móvil PORTA IMANES, está en paralelo formado por sectores circulares atornillada por la parte superior, se encara al rebaje circular de los rodillos, que sirve para mantener la parte móvil PORTA IMANES concéntrico al EJE. That the smaller diameter at the top and bottom by its outer side closest to the AXIS, has a groove where a semicircular piece with rectangular extension is placed, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove in the outer part of the upper and lower structure of the mobile part PORTA MAGNETS, is in parallel formed by circular sectors screwed by the upper part, faces the circular recess of the rollers, which serves to keep the mobile MAGNET PORTA part concentric to the AXIS.
Que los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior, tienen una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares, de similares características a la estructura móvil PORTA IMANES exterior, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior, los cuales tienen en el perímetro exterior de la estructura circular unos imanes permanentes posicionados verticalmente enfrentados a las bobinas del ESTATOR. El sistema de apoyo que tiene en el EJE es similar al sistema de apoyo que tiene la estructura móvil PORTA ENGRANE. That the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with inner MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER, have a circular structure formed by circular sectors, of similar characteristics to the outer MAGNET PORTA mobile structure, which in this case we will call inner MAGNET CARRIER ROTOR, which have in the outer perimeter of the circular structure permanent magnets positioned vertically facing the coils of the ESTATOR. The support system you have in the AXIS is similar to the support system that has the PORTA ENGRANE mobile structure.
Que el ESTATOR de los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior, está posicionado en una estructura de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, teniendo en la parte superior y en todo el perímetro unas piezas cilindricas con un orificio roscado en su interior y en la parte exterior unas garras para poder quedar ancladas dentro del concreto cuando se está colando, la parte superior de la pieza cilindrica queda al ras del concreto en la parte superior. Que el ESTATOR tiene una estructura circular formada por sectores circulares en cuya base tiene una placa metálica con orificios donde se ponen unos tornillos que roscan en las piezas cilindricas roscadas quedando los sectores circulares del ESTATOR anclados al concreto. Que cada sector circular del ESTATOR en el lado izquierdo por la cara exterior
tiene unas prolongaciones metálicas rectangulares con un orificio, dicha prolongación rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector del ESTATOR en unos huecos rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores circulares del ESTATOR. That the ESTATOR of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER, is positioned in a circular concrete structure, as a support, having cylindrical parts with a threaded hole inside the top and around the perimeter and on the outside some claws to be anchored inside the concrete when it is casting, the upper part of the cylindrical part is flush with the concrete at the top. That the ESTATOR has a circular structure formed by circular sectors at the base of which it has a metal plate with holes where screws are threaded in the threaded cylindrical parts, leaving the circular sectors of the ESTATOR anchored to the concrete. That each circular sector of the ESTATOR on the left side by the outer face it has rectangular metal extensions with a hole, said rectangular extension is introduced on the opposite side of the next sector of the ESTATOR in rectangular holes, once positioned a screw of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the sector that receives another sector to leave the circular sectors of the ESTATOR embraced.
Que el ESTATOR de los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior, está posicionado en una estructura de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, tiene una entrada de acceso para poder entrar a la TORRE. That the ESTATOR of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER, is positioned in a circular concrete structure, as a support, has an access entrance to enter the TOWER.
Que el GENERADOR síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR That the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR with ROTOR
PORTA IMANES interior y con el ESTATOR del GENERADOR síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior, ambos se pueden posicionar en una estructura de concreto circular y de manera concéntrica a otro GENERADOR síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior conectado y posicionado en el EJE con el ESTATOR del GENERADOR síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES interior. INNER MAGNET HOLDER and with the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR ESTATOR with inner MAGNET ROTOR, both can be positioned in a circular concrete structure and concentrically to another permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR with internal MAGNET MOUNT ROTOR connected and positioned in the AXIS with the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR ESTATOR with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER.
Que el GENERADOR se puede refrigerar por circuito cerrado de líquido o gas, cuyo radiador está en el suelo próximo a la base de la TORRE, o por aire forzado. That the GENERATOR can be cooled by closed circuit of liquid or gas, whose radiator is on the ground near the base of the TOWER, or by forced air.
Que el ROTOR PORTA IMANES, puede ser a la vez PORTA ENGRANE y añadirle tantos generadores suplementarios como el cálculo estructural y número de etapas verticales de ROTORES nos permitan. That the ROTOR PORTA MAGNETS, can be at the same time PORTA ENGRANE and add as many additional generators as the structural calculation and number of vertical stages of ROTORES allow us.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, y como parte integrante de la misma, un conjunto de dibujos, en los que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se representan los siguientes: To complement the description that is being made of the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, this description is attached, and as part integral of the same, a set of drawings, in which with illustrative and not limiting character, the following are represented:
Fig. 1.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la PRIMERA SOLUCION que la invención propone. Fig. 1.- Shows a perspective representation of the FIRST SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
Fig. 1A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un detalle de la
SOLUCION PRIMERA que la invención propone. Fig. 1A.- Shows a perspective representation of a detail of the FIRST SOLUTION that the invention proposes.
Fig. 2.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la SEGUNDA SOLUCION que la invención propone. Fig. 2.- Shows a perspective representation of the SECOND SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
Fig. 3.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la TERCERA SOLUCION que la invención propone. Fig. 3.- Shows a perspective representation of the THIRD SOLUTION proposed by the invention.
Fig. 4.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la torre con elementos de sujeción para la PRIMERA SOLUCION. Fig. 4.- Shows a perspective representation of the tower with fasteners for the FIRST SOLUTION.
Fig. 4A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del detalle A. Fig. 4A.- Shows a perspective representation of detail A.
Fig. 5.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la torre con elementos de sujeción para la SEGUNDA SOLUCION. Fig. 5.- Shows a perspective representation of the tower with fasteners for the SECOND SOLUTION.
Fig. 6.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la estructura circular con porta rodillos verticales y horizontales. Fig. 6.- Shows a perspective representation of the circular structure with vertical and horizontal roller holders.
Fig. 7.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la estructura circular con porta rodillos horizontales. Fig. 7.- Shows a perspective representation of the circular structure with horizontal roller holders.
Fig. 8.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del ROTOR con todos sus elementos, se ha retirado parte de la lámina superior en un sector. Fig. 8.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all its elements, part of the upper sheet has been removed in a sector.
Fig. 8A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del ROTOR con todos sus elementos de sujeción centrales. Fig. 8A.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all its central fasteners.
Fig. 8a.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del ROTOR con todos los elementos eléctricos. Fig. 8a.- Shows a perspective representation of the ROTOR with all the electrical elements.
Fig. 8B.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de los elementos de orientación de los ALABES. Fig. 8B.- Shows a perspective representation of the orientation elements of the ALABES.
Fig. 9.- Muestra una representación en perfil del posicionamiento de los tensores aerodinámicos con las diagonales sin ALABES. Fig. 9.- Shows a representation in profile of the positioning of the aerodynamic tensioners with the diagonals without WIRES.
Fig. 10.- Muestra una representación en alzado de un porta rodillo vertical. Fig. 10.- Shows an elevation representation of a vertical roller carrier.
Fig. 10 A-A.- Muestra una representación de la SECCION A-A del porta rodillo vertical. Fig. 10 A-A.- Shows a representation of SECTION A-A of the vertical roller holder.
Fig. 1 1.- Muestra una representación en alzado de un porta rodillo horizontal. Fig. 11 B-B.- Muestra una representación de la SECCION B-B del porta rodillo horizontal. Fig. 1 1.- Shows an elevation representation of a horizontal roller carrier. Fig. 11 B-B.- Shows a representation of SECTION B-B of the horizontal roller holder.
Fig. 12.- Muestra una representación de elementos de sujeción de los ALABES. Fig. 12.- Shows a representation of clamping elements of the ALABES.
Fig. 12 C-C- Muestra una representación de la SECCION C-C de los elementos de pivote del ALABE.
Fig. 13.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del ENVOLVENTE donde se le ha retirado la cubierta superior para poder apreciar la disposición de todos los DEFLECTORES y el ROTOR. Fig. 12 CC- Shows a representation of the CC SECTION of the ALABE pivot elements. Fig. 13.- Shows a perspective representation of the ENVELOPE where the upper cover has been removed to be able to appreciate the disposition of all the DEFLECTORS and the ROTOR.
Fig. 14.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del TREN DE POTENCIA y generadores, posicionados en la base de la TORRE. Fig. 14.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN and generators, positioned at the base of the TOWER.
Fig.14A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del TREN DE POTENCIA en detalle. Fig. 14A.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN in detail.
Fig. 14B.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del TREN DE POTENCIA en detalle. Fig. 14B.- Shows a perspective representation of the POWER TRAIN in detail.
Fig. 15.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector del TREN Fig. 15.- Shows a perspective representation of a TRAIN sector
DE POTENCIA, visto por un lateral. POWER, seen from the side.
Fig. 16.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector del TREN DE POTENCIA, visto por otro lateral. Fig. 16.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the POWER TRAIN, seen from another side.
Fig. 17.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES EXTERIOR en la TORRE. Fig. 17.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER in the TOWER.
Fig. 17A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES EXTERIOR visto en acercamiento lateral. Fig. 17A.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
Fig. 17B.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES EXTERIOR visto desde otro acercamiento lateral. Fig. 17B.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen from another lateral approach.
Fig. 18.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector de la estructura del ROTOR PORTA IMANES EXTERIOR visto en acercamiento lateral. Fig. 18.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
Fig. 19.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector de la estructura del ROTOR PORTA IMANES EXTERIOR visto en acercamiento por otro lateral. Fig. 19.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR EXTERNAL MAGNET HOLDER seen in approach from another side.
Fig. 20.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR en la TORRE. Fig. 20.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER.
Fig. 20A.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR en la TORRE, visto en acercamiento lateral. Fig. 20A.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER, seen in lateral approach.
Fig. 20B.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR en la TORRE, visto por otro acercamiento lateral.
Fig. 21.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector de la estructura del ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto en acercamiento lateral. Fig. 20B.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR IN the TOWER, seen by another lateral approach. Fig. 21.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR INTERIOR MAGNET HOLDER seen in lateral approach.
Fig. 22.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector de la estructura del ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto por otro acercamiento lateral. Fig. 22.- Shows a perspective representation of a sector of the structure of the ROTOR INTERIOR MAGNET HOLDER seen by another lateral approach.
Fig. 23.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva del GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR en la TORRE donde se puede apreciar otro GENERADOR SINCRONO con ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR concéntricos a la TORRE. Fig. 23.- Shows a perspective representation of the SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR in the TOWER where you can see another SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR with ROTOR MAGNET INTERIOR MAGNET concentric to the TOWER.
Fig. 24.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector circular del ROTOR posicionado en las estructuras circulares en la TORRE donde se puede apreciar el acoplamiento con un sector circular de un ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto desde un lateral. Fig. 24.- It shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of the ROTOR positioned in the circular structures in the TOWER where the coupling with a circular sector of an INTERNAL MAGNET PORTABLE ROTOR seen from the side can be seen.
Fig. 25.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector circular del ROTOR posicionado en las estructuras circulares en la TORRE donde se puede apreciar el acoplamiento con un sector circular de un ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto desde otro lateral. Fig. 25.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of the ROTOR positioned in the circular structures in the TOWER where the coupling with a circular sector of an INTERNAL MAGNET PORTABLE ROTOR seen from another side can be seen.
Fig. 26.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector circular de un ESTATOR de un ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto desde un lateral. Fig. 26.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of a STATOR of an INTERNAL MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER seen from the side.
Fig. 27.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de un sector circular de un ESTATOR de un ROTOR PORTA IMANES INTERIOR visto desde otro lateral. Fig. 27.- Shows a perspective representation of a circular sector of a STATOR of an INTERNAL MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER seen from another side.
Fig. 28.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva de la parte superior del ENVOLVENTE con apoyo en el EJE. Fig. 28.- Shows a perspective representation of the upper part of the ENVELOPE with support in the AXIS.
Fig. 29.- Muestra una representación en planta del ENVOLVENTE con el ROTOR del primer grupo de ALABES. Fig. 29.- It shows a representation in plan of the ENVELOPE with the ROTOR of the first group of ALABES.
Fig. 30.- Muestra una representación en planta del ENVOLVENTE con el ROTOR del segundo grupo de ALABES. Fig. 30.- It shows a representation in plan of the ENVELOPE with the ROTOR of the second group of ALABES.
Fig. 31.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva ampliada de la sujeción de los tensores del ROTOR cercanos al EJE. Fig. 31.- Shows an enlarged perspective representation of the clamping of the ROTOR tensioners close to the AXIS.
Fig. 32.- Muestra una representación en perspectiva ampliada de la sujeción de los tensores del ROTOR más alejado del EJE.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN Fig. 32.- Shows an enlarged perspective representation of the clamping of the ROTOR tensioners furthest from the AXIS. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Más concretamente y conocido lo anterior, procederemos a describir preferentemente los cinco grupos de elementos, es decir, el eje, el rotor, el envolvente, el tren de potencia y el generador de una manera más amplia de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente y acoplamiento independiente del generador, que la invención propone. More concretely and known the foregoing, we will proceed to describe preferably the five groups of elements, that is, the shaft, the rotor, the envelope, the power train and the generator in a broader way of the vertical axis wind turbine with deflector envelope and independent coupling of the generator, which the invention proposes.
EJE (1 ).- Preferentemente el EJE (1 ) lo constituye la torre (1 ) de las turbinas (H) eólicas de eje horizontal, para el caso de las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A) Y SEGUNDA (B) y se les añadirá los siguientes elementos: AXIS (1) .- Preferably the AXIS (1) is the tower (1) of wind turbines (H) of horizontal axis, in the case of the FIRST (A) AND SECOND (B) SOLUTIONS and the following elements:
Preferentemente consta de una estructura metálica con perfiles (6) I, estarán posicionados entre unas placas (7) metálicas soldadas a la torre (1 ), que para el caso de la primera (A) solución, la longitud del perfil (6) I, será la comprendida entre la base de la torre (1), hasta la parte (8) superior de la TURBINA (T). It preferably consists of a metal structure with profiles (6) I, will be positioned between metal plates (7) welded to the tower (1), which in the case of the first (A) solution, the length of the profile (6) I , will be the one between the base of the tower (1), to the upper part (8) of the TURBINE (T).
Preferentemente para la SEGUNDA (B) SOLUCION, los perfiles (6) I, su longitud comprende desde la base hasta la parte (P) superior de la torre (1 ) en tramos que no excederán de 12 metros, teniendo una pieza (9) rectangular metálica soldada en cada extremo con orificios (10) para unir los diferentes tramos por medio de tornillos. Preferably for the SECOND (B) SOLUTION, the profiles (6) I, their length comprises from the base to the upper part (P) of the tower (1) in sections not exceeding 12 meters, having a piece (9) rectangular metal welded at each end with holes (10) to join the different sections by means of screws.
Preferentemente el EJE (1 ) consta de una estructura (11 ) metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del ROTOR (2) , está formada por sectores (12) circulares, donde cada sector (12) tiene a cada lado una placa (13) metálica con forma de L, donde la parte (14) vertical hacia el perfil (6) I, tiene una placa (15) metálica en ambas placas (13) metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara (16) plana del perfil (6) I por unos orificios con tornillos Preferably, the AXIS (1) consists of a circular metal structure (11) and parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR (2), it is formed by circular sectors (12), where each sector (12) has on each side a plate (13) L-shaped metal, where the vertical part (14) towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (15) on both L-shaped metal plates (13), with holes to be able to attach to the flat side (16) of the profile (6) I through screw holes
(17) , las placas (13) metálicas con forma de L, estarán soldadas a unos sectores(17), the L-shaped metal plates (13) will be welded to sectors
(18) metálicos circulares, formados por sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales, en la parte inferior de la placa (13) metálica con forma de L, y por sectores (20) circulares horizontales a la parte más larga de la placa (12) metálica con forma de L, los sectores (19) circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, que tienen en su interior unos cajones (21 ) rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos (22) y (23). (18) circular metal, formed by vertical circular metal sectors (19), at the bottom of the L-shaped metal plate (13), and by horizontal circular sectors (20) to the longest part of the plate (12 ) L-shaped metal, vertical circular sectors (19) and horizontal circular metal sectors (20), which have inside rectangular drawers (21), which serve to house the roller holders (22) and (23) .
Preferentemente consta de una estructura (24) metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte superior del ROTOR (2), está formada por sectores (25)
metálicos circulares, donde cada sector (25) metálico circular tiene a cada lado una placa (26) metálica con forma de I, donde la parte (27) vertical hacia el perfil (6) I, tiene una placa (28) metálica en ambas placas (26) metálicas con forma de I, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara (16) plana del perfil (6) I por sus orificios con tornillos (17), las placas (26) metálicas con forma de I, estarán soldadas a unos sectores (29) metálicos circulares, formados por sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, en la parte (30) superior de la placa (26) metálica con forma de I, los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, tienen en su interior unos cajones (31 ) rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos (23). It preferably consists of a circular metal structure (24) and parallel to the ground for the top of the ROTOR (2), is formed by sectors (25) circular metal, where each circular metal sector (25) has on each side an I-shaped metal plate (26), where the vertical part (27) towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (28) on both I-shaped metal plates (26), with holes to be attached to the flat face (16) of the profile (6) I by its screw holes (17), the I-shaped metal plates (26), will be welded to circular metal sectors (29), formed by horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in the upper part (30) of the I-shaped metal plate (26), the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), have in their inside some rectangular drawers (31), which serve to house the roller holders (23).
Preferentemente las estructuras (1 1 ) y (24) metálicas circulares y paralelas al suelo para la parte superior e inferior del ROTOR (2), se posicionará en sentido vertical tantas veces como etapas de ROTORES (2) tengamos, para la SOLUCION PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) y TERCERA (C). Preferably the circular metal structures (1 1) and (24) parallel to the ground for the top and bottom of the ROTOR (2), will be positioned vertically as many times as the ROTORS (2) stages we have, for the FIRST SOLUTION ( A), SECOND (B) and THIRD (C).
Preferentemente los porta rodillos (22), están formados por unos cubos (32) metálicos rectangulares cerrados por su parte (33) inferior, esta parte (33) inferior apoya en el interior de los cajones (21 ) rectangulares de los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, en una pieza (34) metálica rectangular con unos orificios que permite sujetarla por tornillos (35) a unos orificios que se encuentran en los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales. A estos cubos (32) metálicos rectangulares por su parte (36) más alargada se les hace dos huecos (37) circulares por su parte (38) interior, que contendrá sendos rodamientos (39) a ambos lados y que en el centro de los dos huecos tendrá un orificio (40) del mismo diámetro que el interior del rodamiento (39), por el que se pasará un eje (41) metálico cuya longitud no excederá el exterior del cubo (32) por ambos lados, en medio de los dos rodamientos (39) se colocará una pieza (42) metálica circular que en adelante llamaremos rodillos (42), cuya parte circular tiene un rebaje (43) de forma circular, que tiene un orificio cuyo diámetro es igual al diámetro del eje (41 ) que lo atraviesa, tiene dos resaltes (44) circulares cuyo diámetro es inferior al diámetro exterior del rodamiento (39) librando el espesor de la parte externa de diámetro mayor del rodamiento (39). Preferably, the roller holders (22) are formed by rectangular metal cubes (32) closed by their lower part (33), this lower part (33) rests inside the rectangular drawers (21) of the sectors (19) vertical circular metal and horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in a rectangular metal part (34) with holes that allow it to be fastened by screws (35) to holes that are in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and sectors (20) horizontal circular metal. These rectangular metal cubes (32) on the other hand (36) more elongated are made two circular holes (37) on their inner part (38), which will contain two bearings (39) on both sides and in the center of the two holes will have a hole (40) of the same diameter as the inside of the bearing (39), through which a metal shaft (41) will be passed whose length will not exceed the outside of the hub (32) on both sides, in the middle of the Two bearings (39) will be placed a circular metal part (42) that we will now call rollers (42), whose circular part has a circular recess (43), which has a hole whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the shaft (41 ) that crosses it, has two circular projections (44) whose diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing (39) ridding the thickness of the outer part of the larger diameter of the bearing (39).
Preferentemente los porta rodillos (22) y (23) se introducirán por la parte
inferior en los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y por la parte interior de los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales hasta un tope (45) rectangular que impide que se salgan los porta rodillos (22) y (23), a la vez que permite que sobresalga el rodillo (42) circular, entre la parte inferior del cubo (32) y la placa (34) metálica que cierra, la cual, se une por tornillos (35) a los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, que se colocará una pieza (46) rectangular de un material no metálico pero con la capacidad de amortiguar, de dimensiones perimetrales iguales al interior de los cajones (31 ) rectangulares. Preferably, the roller holders (22) and (23) will be inserted in the part lower in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and on the inside of the horizontal circular metal sectors (20) up to a rectangular stop (45) that prevents the roller holders (22) and (23) from leaving, at the same time which allows the circular roller (42) to protrude, between the lower part of the hub (32) and the metal plate (34) that closes, which is joined by screws (35) to the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), which will be placed a rectangular piece (46) of a non-metallic material but with the ability to cushion, of equal perimeter dimensions inside the rectangular drawers (31).
Que la única diferencia entre los porta rodillos (22) de los sectores (19) circulares verticales y los porta rodillos (23) de los sectores (20) circulares horizontales, es que el rodillo (42) para los porta rodillos (22) tiene un rebaje (43) de forma circular en el rodillo (42) con un diámetro igual al rebaje (43) que sirve de apoyo axial a una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular en el ROTOR (2) por su parte inferior para su deslizamiento rotacional, y en los porta rodillos (23) posicionados en los sectores (20) circulares horizontales el rebaje (48) de forma circular tiene un diámetro con un arco mayor donde apoya una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular cuya finalidad es la de poder ajustar vertical y lateralmente el ROTOR (2), tanto en su parte inferior como superior, centrándolo al eje de rotación. That the only difference between the roller holders (22) of the vertical circular sectors (19) and the roller holders (23) of the horizontal circular sectors (20) is that the roller (42) for the roller holders (22) has a recess (43) circularly in the roller (42) with a diameter equal to the recess (43) that serves as axial support to a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension in the ROTOR (2) for its lower part to its rotational sliding, and in the roller holders (23) positioned in the horizontal circular sectors (20) the circular recess (48) has a diameter with a larger arc where it supports a semicircular metal part (49) with rectangular extension whose purpose It is to be able to adjust the ROTOR (2) vertically and laterally, both in its lower and upper part, centering it to the axis of rotation.
El EJE (1) para la SOLUCION TERCERA (C), podrá ser de "EJE TUBULAR", "EJE DE CELOSIA" o "EJE DE CONCRETO". The AXIS (1) for the THIRD SOLUTION (C) may be "TUBULAR AXIS", "CELOSIA AXIS" or "CONCRETE AXIS".
Que los sectores (19) circulares verticales, tendrán acoplados en el total del perímetro del diámetro mayor y paralelo al suelo, una porción de engrane (50) de dientes rectos, siendo la suma de estos engranes (50) atornillados e igualados en el valle (51 ), una corona circular. That the vertical circular sectors (19), will have coupled in the total of the perimeter of the largest diameter and parallel to the ground, a portion of gear (50) of straight teeth, the sum of these gears (50) being screwed and matched in the valley (51), a circular crown.
ROTOR.- Que la descripción preferente que se realizará a continuación, será igual para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) Y TERCERA (C). ROTOR.- That the preferred description that will be made below will be the same for the FIRST (A), SECOND (B) AND THIRD (C) SOLUTIONS.
Preferentemente está compuesto por dos estructuras metálicas circulares separadas verticalmente cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 1 % menor al diámetro menor del ENVOLVENTE (3), y cuyo diámetro menor será mayor al diámetro del EJE (1 ). It is preferably composed of two vertically separated circular metal structures whose outer diameter will preferably be 1% smaller than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE (3), and whose smaller diameter will be greater than the diameter of the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente cada estructura (52) circular está compuesta por sectores (53) metálicos circulares, los cuales tiene una estructura metálica como sector
(54) metálico circular en el diámetro mayor que está conectado por radios (55) de perfil estructural con un sector (56) metálico circular de diámetro menor. Preferably each circular structure (52) is composed of circular metal sectors (53), which has a metal structure as a sector (54) circular metallic in the larger diameter that is connected by radii (55) of structural profile with a circular metallic sector (56) of smaller diameter.
Preferentemente las dos estructuras (52) metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente por estructuras (57) verticales y horizontales cubiertas por lámina metálica adoptando forma aerodinámica, que en adelante llamaremos ALABES (57). Preferably, the two circular metal structures (52) are vertically separated by vertical and horizontal structures (57) covered by a metallic sheet adopting an aerodynamic shape, which we will now call ALABES (57).
Preferentemente tiene una estructura (58) central circular, formada por perfiles metálicos horizontales y verticales, esta estructura (58) central circular está cubierta por una lámina (59) metálica por la cara exterior, esto quiere decir, que el viento no puede pasar al interior teniendo que bordear la estructura (58) central circular. It preferably has a circular central structure (58), formed by horizontal and vertical metal profiles, this circular central structure (58) is covered by a metal sheet (59) by the outer face, this means that the wind cannot pass to the inside having to skirt the circular central structure (58).
Preferentemente la estructura (58) central circular, tiene la misma altura que los ALABES (57), siendo esta estructura (58) central circular la zona de presión aerodinámica. Preferably the circular central structure (58) has the same height as the ALABES (57), this central structure (58) being circular the aerodynamic pressure zone.
Preferentemente los largueros que atraviesan verticalmente los ALABES Preferably the stringers that cross the ALABES vertically
(57), el larguero (60) posicionado en el eje de simetría está reforzado y sobresale tanto por la parte superior como inferior del ALABE (57) con un eje (61) metálico circular que en la parte superior se introduce en un rodamiento posicionado estratégicamente en la estructura metálica superior y por la parte inferior introduciéndose en dos rodamientos, un rodamiento (62) rígido de bolas y otro rodamiento (63) axial de bolas, que permite la orientación del ALABE (57). (57), the stringer (60) positioned on the axis of symmetry is reinforced and protrudes both from the top and bottom of the ALABE (57) with a circular metal shaft (61) that is inserted into a positioned bearing on the top strategically in the upper metal structure and in the lower part by entering in two bearings, a deep groove ball bearing (62) and another axial ball bearing (63), which allows the orientation of the ALABE (57).
En la parte inferior del ALABE (57) donde sobresale el eje (61) metálico tiene soldado un brazo (64) metálico como una palanca horizontal a la parte inferior del ROTOR (2) debajo de la lámina de la estructura (52) circular y en el extremo opuesto una rótula (65) que hace de unión con otro brazo (66) que en el extremo opuesto a la rótula (65) está conectado a una pieza (67) metálica que va a trasladarse por la acción de un tornillo (68) sinfín el cual gira movido por un motor (69) eléctrico, cuya misión es la de poder orientar los ALABES (57) o variar el ángulo de ataque con respecto al viento que entra tangencial, así como, freno aerodinámico al girar los ALABES (57) hasta un ángulo donde el viento no genere energía. Cada ALABE (57) tiene un sensor angular de lectura electrónica. In the lower part of the ALABE (57) where the metal shaft (61) protrudes, a metal arm (64) is welded as a horizontal lever to the bottom of the ROTOR (2) under the sheet of the circular structure (52) and at the opposite end a kneecap (65) that acts as a union with another arm (66) that at the opposite end of the kneecap (65) is connected to a metal part (67) that is to be moved by the action of a screw ( 68) endless which rotates driven by an electric motor (69), whose mission is to be able to orient the ALABES (57) or vary the angle of attack with respect to the wind that enters tangential, as well as, aerodynamic brake when turning the ALABES (57) to an angle where the wind does not generate energy. Each ALABE (57) has an electronic reading angular sensor.
Preferentemente cada uno de los ALABES (57) tiene un motor (69) eléctrico que lo orienta aerodinámicamente, es decir, que si tenemos veinte ALABES (57), tendremos veinte motores (69) eléctricos que están alimentados eléctricamente
por un banco de baterías (70) posicionadas estratégicamente dentro del ROTOR (2) en una zona cercana al EJE (1), que a su vez, se cargan eléctricamente por un generador (71 ). Preferably each of the ALABES (57) has an electric motor (69) that guides it aerodynamically, that is, if we have twenty ALABES (57), we will have twenty electric motors (69) that are electrically powered by a bank of batteries (70) strategically positioned within the ROTOR (2) in an area near the AXIS (1), which in turn, are electrically charged by a generator (71).
Preferentemente el generador (71 ) está posicionado verticalmente en la parte inferior del ROTOR (2), en un sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro menor. Preferably the generator (71) is positioned vertically in the lower part of the ROTOR (2), in a circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the smaller diameter.
Preferentemente el eje (73) del generador (71) tiene un engrane (74) que acopla con el engrane (50) de la corona circular de los sectores (19) circulares fijos, en el sentido, que cuando el ROTOR (2) está en movimiento rotacional, el generador (71) comienza a suministrar la energía necesaria para cargar las baterías (70). Preferably the shaft (73) of the generator (71) has a gear (74) that engages with the gear (50) of the circular crown of the fixed circular sectors (19), in the sense, that when the ROTOR (2) is In rotational motion, the generator (71) begins to supply the energy needed to charge the batteries (70).
Preferentemente cada ROTOR (2) tiene unos tensores (75) aerodinámicos que están posicionados desde el diámetro exterior de la estructura (52) circular de la base del ROTOR (2) atravesando en su recorrido la estructura (58) central circular y llegando hasta la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2), donde se sujetará. Preferably, each ROTOR (2) has aerodynamic tensioners (75) that are positioned from the outer diameter of the circular structure (52) of the base of the ROTOR (2) crossing the circular central structure (58) in its path and reaching the upper circular structure at the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2), where it will be held.
Preferentemente los tensores (75) aerodinámicos están sujetos en cada extremo, el extremo (76) situado en el diámetro exterior está roscado y se hace pasar por unos orificios practicados en una pieza (77) estratégicamente posicionada en la parte superior de la base del ROTOR (2) donde se les pone una tuerca (78) y contratuerca (79) y el otro extremo (80) roscado en la estructura (52) circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2), atravesando una pieza (81) metálica con orificios donde se le pone una tuerca (82) que irá tensando el tensor (75) aerodinámico hasta conseguir una horizontalidad de la estructura (52) circular con respecto al suelo, una vez conseguida esta horizontalidad se procede a colocar la contratuerca (83). Preferably the aerodynamic tensioners (75) are fastened at each end, the end (76) located in the outer diameter is threaded and is passed through holes made in a piece (77) strategically positioned at the top of the base of the ROTOR (2) where they are put a nut (78) and locknut (79) and the other end (80) threaded into the upper circular structure (52) by the bottom of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2), passing through a piece ( 81) metal with holes where a nut (82) is placed that will tighten the aerodynamic tensioner (75) until a horizontal structure (52) is achieved with respect to the ground, once this horizontality is achieved, the lock nut is placed (83).
Preferentemente dependiendo del radio del ROTOR (2) y el cálculo estructural se colocan unos tensores (84) aerodinámicos cuyo extremo se va posicionando en la base del ROTOR (2) inmediatamente posterior a la estructura (58) central hacia el interior y el otro extremo en la estructura (52) circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2). Preferably, depending on the radius of the ROTOR (2) and the structural calculation, aerodynamic tensioners (84) are placed whose end is positioned at the base of the ROTOR (2) immediately after the central structure (58) inwards and the other end in the upper circular structure (52) by the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente cada sector (53) circular de la estructura (52) circular que configura la base del ROTOR (2) y la parte superior del ROTOR (2), tiene unos largueros (85) metálicos verticales situándolos desde la base por la parte superior
del ROTOR (2) hasta la parte superior por el lado inferior, donde un larguero (85) está posicionado en la cara interior de un sector de la estructura (58) central circular en el lado derecho y otro en e! lado izquierdo llamándolos así por la orientación al EJE (1), estos largueros (85) iienen unas prolongaciones (86) laterales en la parte superior e inferior que permite que pueda pasar los tensores (75) aerodinámicos, otros largueros (87) se posicionan en el lado derecho e izquierdo del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro menor, estos largueros (87) tienen en la parte superior las piezas (77) con orificios donde se sujetan y tensan los tensores (75) aerodinámicos. Preferably each circular sector (53) of the circular structure (52) that configures the base of the ROTOR (2) and the upper part of the ROTOR (2), has vertical metal stringers (85) placing them from the base at the top from the ROTOR (2) to the top by the bottom side, where a stringer (85) is positioned on the inside of a sector of the central circular structure (58) on the right side and another on e! On the left side, thus calling them by the orientation to the AXIS (1), these stringers (85) have lateral extensions (86) in the upper and lower part that allow the aerodynamic tensioners (75) to pass, other stringers (87) are positioned on the right and left side of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the smaller diameter, these stringers (87) have on the upper part the pieces (77) with holes where the tensioners (75) are held and tensioned ) aerodynamics.
Preferentemente donde están posicionados los largueros (85) verticales y orientándonos hacia el EJE (1), podemos decir que de la base del larguero (88) de la derecha detrás del sector de la estructura (58) central circular ponemos un larguero (89) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (90) de la izquierda detrás de la estructura (58) central circular., y de !a base del larguero (90) vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero (91 ) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (88) de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa (92) metálica en ambos lados del cruce para reforzar las diagonales. Ί Preferably where the vertical stringers (85) are positioned and facing the AXIS (1), we can say that from the base of the stringer (88) on the right behind the sector of the circular central structure (58) we put a crossbar (89) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (90) on the left behind the circular central structure (58), and from the base of the vertical crossbar (90) on the left we put a crossbar (91) diagonally to the part upper side of the crossbar (88) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both diagonals a metal plate (92) is positioned on both sides of the crossing to reinforce the diagonals. Ί
Preferentemente donde están posicionados los largueros verticales y orientados hacia el EJE (1), que de la base del larguero (93) de ia derecha del sector (72) circular de ia estructura (52) circular en el diámetro interior ponemos un larguero (94) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (95) de la izquierda del sector (72) circular, de la estructura (52) circular en e! diámetro interior, y de ia base del larguero (95) vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero (96) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (93) de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa (97) metálica para reforzar ias diagonales. Preferably where the vertical stringers are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS (1), which from the base of the crossbar (93) on the right side of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) on the inside diameter we put a crossbar (94 ) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (95) on the left of the circular sector (72), of the circular structure (52) in e! inside diameter, and from the base of the vertical stringer (95) on the left we put a crossbar (96) diagonally to the top of the stringer (93) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both diagonals position a metal plate (97) to reinforce the diagonal.
Preferentemente el ROTOR (2) tiene en el diámetro interior del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular superior y por el lado exterior más cercano al EJE (1), una ranura (98) donde se introduce una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (98) por la parte exterior del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) superior del ROTOR (2) que se sujeta por tornillos (99) por la parte superior, está pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular
está encarada al rebaje (47) de arco mayor de los rodillos (42) horizontales posicionados en el EJE (1 ), que mantiene el ROTOR (2) ventajosamente concéntrico al EJE (1 ). Preferably, the ROTOR (2) has a groove (98) where a part (47) is inserted in the inner diameter of the circular sector (72) of the upper circular structure (52) and on the outer side closest to the AXIS (1). ) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (98) on the outside of the circular sector (72) of the upper structure (52) of the ROTOR (2) that is fastened by screws (99) at the top, is semi-circular metal part (47) with rectangular extension It is facing the recess (47) of the major arc of the horizontal rollers (42) positioned in the AXIS (1), which keeps the ROTOR (2) advantageously concentric with the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente el ROTOR (2) en la estructura (52) circular inferior por el diámetro menor más cercano al EJE (1 ) en lado inferior tiene unas ranuras (100) donde se introduce una pieza (49) semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta el interior de la ranura (100) en la parte inferior, se sujetan con tornillos (101 ) por la parte exterior, encarados al rebaje (43) circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR (2) apoyado axialmente, permitiendo la rotación axial del ROTOR (2). Preferably, the ROTOR (2) in the lower circular structure (52) by the smaller diameter closest to the AXIS (1) on the lower side has grooves (100) where a semicircular part (49) with rectangular extension from the base of the base is introduced semicircle to the inside of the groove (100) at the bottom, are fastened with screws (101) on the outside, facing the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the ROTOR (2) axially supported, allowing axial rotation of the ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente el ROTOR (2) tiene una estructura (52) circular formada por sectores (72) circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones (102) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (103), dicha prolongación (102) rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (72) circular metálico en unos huecos (104) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (105) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (72) circular que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores (72) circulares metálicos. Preferably the ROTOR (2) has a circular structure (52) formed by circular sectors (72), on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions (102) with a hole (103), said rectangular extension (102) is introduced into the opposite side of the next metallic circular sector (72) in rectangular holes (104), once positioned, a screw (105) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular sector (72) that receives another sector to leave embraced the circular metal sectors (72).
Preferentemente para que exista continuidad de giro rotacional entre el último ROTOR (2) de los escalados en la parte superior hasta el primer ROTOR (2) más próximo al suelo, vamos a colocar una serie de piezas cilindricas metálicas que llamaremos CONECTOR (106) MACHO y CONECTOR (107) HEMBRA. Preferably so that there is continuity of rotational rotation between the last ROTOR (2) of the climbs at the top until the first ROTOR (2) closest to the ground, we will place a series of metal cylindrical parts that we will call CONNECTOR (106) MALE and CONNECTOR (107) FEMALE.
Preferentemente el ROTOR (2) más próximo a la base del EJE (1 ), y en la base del ROTOR (2) por la parte superior cercana al diámetro interior tiene unos orificios (108) donde se introducen unas piezas (106) metálicas cilindricas que llamaremos CONECTORES (106) MACHOS, repartidos en número por todo el perímetro inferior de la base del ROTOR (2), que atraviesan la base del ROTOR (2) e introduciéndose en otras piezas (107) metálicas cilindricas cuyo centro tiene un orificio circular cuyo diámetro interior coincide con el diámetro exterior del CONECTOR (106) MACHO llamando a estas piezas metálicas circulares con orificio interior CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS. Los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) y/o en el rotor del GENERADOR (5) ELECTRICO. Preferably the ROTOR (2) closest to the base of the AXIS (1), and at the base of the ROTOR (2) at the top near the inner diameter has holes (108) where cylindrical metal parts (106) are introduced that we will call CONNECTORS (106) MALE, distributed in number by all the inferior perimeter of the base of the ROTOR (2), that cross the base of the ROTOR (2) and being introduced in other cylindrical metallic pieces (107) whose center has a circular hole whose inner diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR (106) by calling these circular metal parts with inner hole CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE. The FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) are positioned on the top of the POWER TRAIN (4) and / or on the ELECTRIC GENERATOR (5) rotor.
Que el primer ROTOR (2) más próximo a la base del EJE (1 ) tiene en la
estructura (52) circular superior por la parte exterior superior un número de CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS estratégicamente posicionados que coinciden con los CONECTORES (106) MACHOS posicionados estratégicamente en la base del segundo ROTOR (2) en su parte inferior en número igual al número de CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS del primer ROTOR (2). That the first ROTOR (2) closest to the base of the AXIS (1) has in the upper circular structure (52) on the upper outer part a number of CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE strategically positioned that coincide with the MALE CONNECTORS (106) strategically positioned at the base of the second ROTOR (2) at its bottom in number equal to the number of CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE of the first ROTOR (2).
Que la altura del ROTOR (2) siempre será una décima parte del radio del ROTOR (2), para las TRES SOLUCIONES. That the height of the ROTOR (2) will always be one tenth of the radius of the ROTOR (2), for the THREE SOLUTIONS.
Que el ROTOR (2) puede ser configurado por el tipo, forma y configuración de los ALABES (57). La invención propone dos grupos de ROTORES (2). That the ROTOR (2) can be configured by the type, shape and configuration of the ALABES (57). The invention proposes two groups of ROTORS (2).
El primer grupo de ROTORES (2), tiene un solo tipo de ALABES (57) iguales, posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR (2) y la estructura (58) central circular, que tienen la capacidad de ser orientados mecánicamente, en un número ideal de veinte ALABES (57). The first group of ROTORS (2), has a single type of ALABES (57) equal, positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58), which have the ability to be mechanically oriented, in a ideal number of twenty ALABES (57).
El segundo grupo de ROTORES (2), tiene tres tipos de ALABES (57) posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR (2) y la estructura (58) céntral circular, un ALABE (109) de tamaño mayor, ALABE (1 10) de tamaño mediano y ALABE (1 11 ) de tamaño menor, todos fijos, en un número ideal de cinco grupos de ALABES (57). The second group of ROTORS (2), has three types of ALABES (57) positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58), a larger ALABE (109), ALABE (1 10) of medium size and ALABE (11 11) of smaller size, all fixed, in an ideal number of five groups of ALABES (57).
ENVOLVENTE (3).- Preferentemente lo compone una estructura (1 12) circular metálica cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 40% mayor al diámetro del ROTOR (2), y cuyo diámetro interior preferentemente será un 1 % mayor al diámetro del ROTOR (2). ENVELOPE (3) .- It is preferably composed of a circular metal structure (1 12) whose outer diameter, preferably will be 40% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR (2), and whose inner diameter preferably will be 1% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR ( 2).
Que la descripción preferente que se realizará a continuación, será igual para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) Y TERCERA (C). That the preferred description that will be made below will be the same for the FIRST (A), SECOND (B) AND THIRD (C) SOLUTIONS.
Preferentemente consta de dos estructuras (1 13) metálicas circulares compuestas por sectores (1 14) circulares metálicos, cuyo diámetro perimetral mayor y diámetro perimetral menor, están comunicados por radios (1 15) estructurales metálicos. It preferably consists of two circular metal structures (1 13) composed of metal circular sectors (1 14), whose larger perimeter diameter and smaller perimeter diameter, are communicated by metal structural radii (1 15).
Preferentemente las estructuras (1 12) metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente a una distancia equivalente a la altura del ROTOR (2). Preferably the circular metal structures (12) are vertically separated at a distance equivalent to the height of the ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente las estructuras (1 13) metálicas circulares están cubiertas por una lámina (1 16) metálica, la estructura (1 13) metálica circular inferior tiene la lámina (1 16) metálica por la parte superior y la estructura (1 13) metálica superior tiene la lámina (1 16) metálica por su parte inferior, estas láminas (1 16) metálicas
tienen como finalidad encapsular el viento que se dirige al ROTOR (2). Preferably the circular metal structures (1 13) are covered by a metal sheet (1 16), the lower circular metal structure (1 13) has the metal sheet (1 16) at the top and the upper metal structure (1 13) It has the metal sheet (1 16) on its bottom, these metal sheets (1 16) Their purpose is to encapsulate the wind that is directed to the ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente las dos estructuras (1 13) metálicas circulares están unidas verticalmente por nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor. Preferably, the two circular metal structures (13) are joined vertically by nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal foil positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter.
Preferentemente de las nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, siete estructuras (1 17) metálicas horizontales y verticales están posicionadas y repartidas de forma proporcional en la parte frontal encarada al viento, en un perímetro de 150° angulares. A estas siete estructuras (1 17) metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, las llamaremos DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA del viento y a las dos estructuras (1 18) metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, en un perímetro de 60° angulares las llamaremos DEFLECTORES (1 18) DE SALIDA. Preferably of the nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by sheet metal positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, seven horizontal and vertical metal structures (1,117) are positioned and distributed proportional shape in the front facing the wind, in a perimeter of 150 ° angular. These seven horizontal and vertical metallic structures (1 17), covered by metallic foil, we will call the wind INPUT DEFLECTORS (1 17) and the two horizontal and vertical metallic structures (1 18), covered by metallic foil positioned as a wall that go from the perimeter of the greater diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, in a perimeter of 60 ° angles we will call them DEFLECTORS (1 18) OF EXIT.
Preferentemente los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA, vistos frontalmente, los nombraremos de derecha a izquierda, como DEFLECTOR (1 9) PRIMERO, DEFLECTOR (120) SEGUNDO, DEFLECTOR (121 ) TERCERO, DEFLECTOR (122) CUARTO, DEFLECTOR (123) QUINTO, DEFLECTOR (124) SEXTO Y DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO. Preferably the INPUT DEFLECTORS (1 17), seen frontally, we will name them from right to left, as DEFLECTOR (1 9) FIRST, DEFLECTOR (120) SECOND, DEFLECTOR (121) THIRD, DEFLECTOR (122) FOUR, DEFLECTOR (123) FIFTH, DEFLECTOR (124) SIXTH AND DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH.
Preferentemente el DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO, lo componen estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, posicionada como una pared desde el perímetro del diámetro exterior de la estructura circular, haciendo un recorrido curvado hasta el perímetro del diámetro interior, a 300° angulares. A lo largo de este recorrido se le posicionan estratégicamente cinco deflectores (126), absolutamente independientes entre sí, cuya conexión (127) de pivote empieza donde termina el siguiente deflector (126), con la finalidad de controlar el flujo de viento que llega al rotor en 150° angulares. Que donde termina cada uno de los deflectores (126) independientes, tiene un brazo (128) pivotante conectado por la cara interna hasta un motor posicionado en el perímetro del DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO cuya misión es la de variar el ángulo de ataque deflectando el viento.
Preferentemente el último ENVOLVENTE (3) tiene una estructura (113) circular formada por sectores (114) circulares cuyo diámetro exterior es el mismo que el diámetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE (3) y el diámetro interior llega hasta los porta rodillos (22) y (23) posicionados en una estructura (11) metálica circular fija en el EJE (1), ambos diámetros conectados por radios (129) estructurales y cubiertos por lámina (1 16) metálica por la parte superior e inferior. Preferably the SEVENTH DEFLECTOR (125), is composed of horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal sheet, positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the outer diameter of the circular structure, making a curved path to the perimeter of the inner diameter, at 300 ° angular. Along this route, five deflectors (126) are positioned strategically, absolutely independent of each other, whose pivot connection (127) begins where the next deflector (126) ends, in order to control the wind flow that reaches the 150 ° angular rotor. That where each of the independent baffles (126) ends, has a pivoting arm (128) connected by the inner face to a motor positioned on the perimeter of the DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH whose mission is to vary the angle of attack by deflecting the wind. Preferably the last ENVELOPE (3) has a circular structure (113) formed by circular sectors (114) whose outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the ENVELOPE (3) and the inner diameter reaches the roller holders (22) and ( 23) positioned in a fixed circular metal structure (11) in the AXIS (1), both diameters connected by structural radii (129) and covered by metal sheet (1 16) by the top and bottom.
Preferentemente el diámetro más próximo al EJE (1) tiene una estructura Preferably the diameter closest to the AXIS (1) has a structure
( 30) circular formada por sectores (131) circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones (132) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (133), dicha prolongación (132) rectangular se introduce en !a cara opuesta de! siguiente sector (131) circular metálico en unos huecos (134) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (135) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector ( 31) circular que recibe a otro sector (131 ) tíircular para dejar abrazados los sectores ( 31) circulares metálicos. (30) circular formed by circular sectors (131), on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions (132) with an orifice (133), said rectangular extension (132) is inserted into! On the opposite side of! following circular metal sector (131) in rectangular holes (134), once positioned, a screw (135) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular sector (31) that receives another tircular sector (131) to leave Embraced the circular metal sectors (31).
Preferentemente la estructura (130) circular por los sectores (131) en el diámetro interior tienen una pieza (48) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en una ranura (136) en la parte exterior del sector ( 31 ) metálico circular que se sujeta por tornillos (137) por la parte superior del sector (131) metálico circular, y se encara al rebaje (48) con arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que mantiene el ENVOLVENTE (3) concéntrico al EJE (1). Preferably, the circular structure (130) through the sectors (131) in the inner diameter have a semicircular metal part (48) with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that supports in a groove (136) on the outside of the circular metal sector (31) that is held by screws (137) by the upper part of the circular metal sector (131), and faces the recess (48) with a larger arc of the rollers (42), which holds the ENVELOPE (3 ) concentric to the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente ia estructura ( 30) metálica circular formada por sectores Preferably the circular metal structure (30) formed by sectors
(131) metálicos circulares por el diámetro interior en la parte inferior tiene una pieza (47) semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta una ranura (138) en la cara que apoya en la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (139) por la parte exterior encarada al rebaje (43) circular de los rodillos (42), que sin/e para mantener el ENVOLVENTE (3) apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ENVOLVENTE (3) en el EJE (1). (131) circular metal on the inside diameter at the bottom has a semicircular piece (47) with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to a groove (138) on the face that supports on the bottom, fastened by screws (139) on the outside facing the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which without / e to keep the ENVELOPE (3) supported axially allowing the rotation of the ENVELOPE (3) in the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente el ENVOLVENTE (3) por la parte más próxima al suelo, tiene unas estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada formada por elementos metálicos estructurales, donde la base mayor de las estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada están unidas a la parte inferior de la base del ENVOLVENTE (3) desde el diámetro mayor a el diámetro menor de! ENVOLVENTE (3), y la base menor de las
estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada, tiene una plataforma (141 ) que tiene un motor eléctrico que por medio de engranes hará girar cuatro ruedas metálicas cuyo perímetro circular tiene un rebaje que apoya en dos raíles (142) concéntricos al EJE (1 ), que permite orientar el ENVOLVENTE (3) con los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA a barlovento. Preferably, the ENVELOPE (3) on the part closest to the ground has metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid formed by structural metal elements, where the major base of the metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid are attached to the bottom of the base of the ENVELOPE (3) from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of! ENVELOPE (3), and the minor base of the Metallic structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid, has a platform (141) that has an electric motor that by means of gears will rotate four metal wheels whose circular perimeter has a recess that supports two rails (142) concentric to the AXIS (1), which allows to orientate the ENVELOPE (3) with the DEFLECTORS (1 17) of ENTRANCE to windward.
Preferentemente el ENVOLVENTE (3) para turbinas de hasta los 10 kilovatios (kw), tendrá en la parte superior por su parte superior un timón (143) a modo de veleta solidariamente unida al ENVOLVENTE (3), que direccionará al ENVOLVENTE (3) a barlovento. Preferably, the ENVELOPE (3) for turbines of up to 10 kilowatts (kw), will have a rudder (143) at the top as a wind vane jointly attached to the ENVELOPE (3), which will address the ENVELOPE (3) Windward
Que el ENVOLVENTE (3) se dota de unos perfiles (144) metálicos verticales a modo de persianas en la parte frontal entre cada uno de los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA del ENVOLVENTE (3) con la misma altura de una etapa por cada ENVOLVENTE (3) en sentido vertical, que tienen un motor (145) con medios suficientes para permitir el giro de los perfiles (144) metálicos verticales, regulando la entrada del viento al interior del ENVOLVENTE (3). That the ENVELOPE (3) is provided with vertical metal profiles (144) by way of blinds on the front between each of the ENVELOPE DEFLECTORS (1 17) of the ENVELOPE (3) with the same height of one stage for each ENVELOPE (3) vertically, having a motor (145) with sufficient means to allow the rotation of vertical metal profiles (144), regulating the entry of wind into the ENVELOPE (3).
Preferentemente cada ENVOLVENTE (3) en turbinas multimegavatios tiene una zona (146) en la parte posterior cerca de los deflectores ( 18) de salida, que se puede habilitar como oficinas de control, zona habitacional tipo condominio con un número de viviendas por nivel, para la residencia de los empleados y sus familias, con todos los servicios, como drenaje, agua potable, electricidad residencial, telefonía, ascensores, escaleras, ventanas en el perímetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE (3), accesos para personas con capacidades diferentes, ya que, el acceso de ascensores (147) está a nivel del suelo con rampa (148). Preferably, each ENVELOPE (3) in multi-megawatt turbines has an area (146) at the back near the exit deflectors (18), which can be enabled as control offices, condominium-type residential area with a number of homes per level, for the residence of employees and their families, with all services, such as drainage, drinking water, residential electricity, telephony, elevators, stairs, windows in the outer perimeter of the ENVELOPE (3), access for people with different capacities, since , the elevator access (147) is at ground level with ramp (148).
TREN DE POTENCIA (4).- Preferentemente la potencia de la rotación de los POWER TRAIN (4) .- Preferably the power of the rotation of the
ROTORES (2) es transferida a los generadores por el TREN DE POTENCIA (4). ROTORS (2) is transferred to the generators by the POWER TRAIN (4).
Preferentemente el TREN DE POTENCIA (4) está compuesto por tres grupos de elementos, una parte fija en el EJE (1 ), una parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE (149), y la conexión que acopla por CONECTORES (106) MACHOS Y CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS al ROTOR (2). Preferably the POWER TRAIN (4) is composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part in the AXIS (1), a moving part GEAR HOLDER (149), and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTORS (107 ) FEMALE TO ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente la parte fija situada permanentemente a una altura cerca de la base del EJE (1 ) justo debajo del primer ROTOR (2) consta de dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23), posicionando las estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para la parte inferior y
superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) permanentemente fijas en el EJE (1). Preferably the fixed part permanently located at a height near the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consists of two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the circular metal structures (1 1) parallel to the ground for the bottom and of the POWER TRAIN (4) permanently fixed in the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente la parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE (149) está compuesta por una estructura (150) metálica circular y paralela al suelo con forma de C, cuyo propósito es la de servir como un portador de una corona (151 ) dentada, la estructura (150) metálica circular está formada por sectores (152) circulares metálicos con un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y en la parte más próxima inferior hay una ranura (153) en el perímetro del sector (152) circular donde se ubican porciones de engrane (154) que se sujetan por tornillos (155). Preferably the mobile part PORTA ENGRANE (149) is composed of a circular metal structure (150) and parallel to the C-shaped floor, whose purpose is to serve as a bearer of a toothed crown (151), the structure (150) Circular metal is formed by metallic circular sectors (152) with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and in the nearest lower part there is a groove (153) in the perimeter of the circular sector (152) where portions of gear (154) that are fastened by screws (155).
Preferentemente en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (150) metálica circular con los sectores (152) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1), tienen unas ranuras (156) donde se coloca una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (156) en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (157) por la parte exterior del sector (152) circulár metálico, encarándose al rebaje (43) de forma circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el PORTA ENGRANE (149) apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del TREN DE POTENCIA (4). Preferably in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the circular metal structure (150) with the circular metal sectors (152) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (156) where a piece is placed (47) semi-circular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (156) at the top by the bottom and at the bottom by the bottom, fastened by screws ( 157) on the outside of the sector (152) circulating metal, facing the recess (43) circularly of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) axially supported allowing the rotation of the POWER TRAIN ( 4).
Preferentemente en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (150) metálica circular con los sectores (152) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1), tienen unas ranuras (158) donde se coloca una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (158) en la parte superior por la parte exterior y en la parte inferior por la parte exterior, sujetas por tornillos (159) por la parte superior del sector (152) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (48) de forma circular de arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el PORTA ENGRANE (149) ajustado vertical y lateralmente, permitiendo la rotación del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) centrado al EJE (1 ). Preferably in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the circular metal structure (150) with the circular metal sectors (152) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (158) where a piece is placed (49) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (158) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws ( 159) along the upper part of the metal circular sector (152), facing the recess (48) of a circular arc of the greater arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) adjusted vertically and laterally, allowing the POWER TRAIN rotation (4) centered to the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente el lateral de un sector PORTA ENGRANE (149) tiene unas prolongaciones (160) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (161), dicha prolongación (160) rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector PORTA ENGRANE (149) en unos huecos (162) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (163) de longitud suficiente por la parte
superior del sector (152) que recibe a otro sector (152) para dejar abrazados los sectores PORTA ENGRANES (149). Preferably the side of a PORTA ENGRANE sector (149) has rectangular metal extensions (160) with a hole (161), said rectangular extension (160) is inserted in the opposite face of the next PORTA ENGRANE sector (149) in holes ( 162) rectangular, once positioned they are introduced a screw (163) of sufficient length by the part superior of the sector (152) that receives another sector (152) to leave the PORTA ENGRANES sectors (149) embraced.
Preferentemente los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) coincidiendo el diámetro interior de los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS con el diámetro exterior de los CONECTORES (106) MACHOS metálicos cilindricos que se introducen en unos huecos (108) circulares realizados en la base del ROTOR (2) atravesándolos por la parte superior de la base del ROTOR (2) y saliendo por la parte inferior de la base del ROTOR (2) e introduciéndose en los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4), coincidiendo el mismo número de CONECTORES ( 07) HEMBRAS con el de CONECTORES (106) MACHOS. Preferably, the FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) are positioned at the top of the POWER TRAIN (4), the inside diameter of the FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) coincides with the outer diameter of the Cylindrical metal CONNECTORS (106) that are inserted into holes (108) circulars made in the base of the ROTOR (2) crossing them through the upper part of the base of the ROTOR (2) and leaving through the bottom of the base of the ROTOR (2) and entering the CONNECTORS (107) FEMALES in the upper part of the POWER TRAIN (4), coinciding with the same number of CONNECTORS (07) FEMALE with that of CONNECTORS (106) MALE.
Preferentemente las porciones (154) de engrane unidas entre sí por el valle (164) del diente del engrane (154) conforman una corona circular dentada, que transmitirá la potencia del ROTOR (2) a los generadores (165) situados en el suelo, transmitiendo la potencia a otros engranes (166) de diferente diámetro, siendo el número de generadores (165) múltiplo de dos, es decir, que se pueden poner dos, cuatro, etc . , permitiendo el cierre de los circuitos de generación en función de la velocidad del viento, para el caso de que la transmisión de la potencia no sea directa. Preferably, the gear portions (154) joined together by the valley (164) of the gear tooth (154) form a toothed circular crown, which will transmit the power of the ROTOR (2) to the generators (165) located on the ground, transmitting the power to other gears (166) of different diameter, the number of generators (165) being a multiple of two, that is, two, four, etc. , allowing the closing of the generation circuits depending on the wind speed, in case the power transmission is not direct.
GENERADORES (5).- Los GENERADORES (5) que la invención propone están basados en GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes, que pueden ser con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior o con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior. GENERATORS (5) .- The GENERATORS (5) that the invention proposes are based on permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS, which can be with external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) or with internal MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (168).
Preferentemente los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes está compuesto por tres grupos de elementos, una parte fija con dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23) y los ESTATORES (169) interior en el EJE (1 ) o ESTATORES (170) exterior fijo, una parte móvil ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior o con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, y la conexión que acopla por CONECTORES (106) MACHOS Y CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS al ROTOR (2). Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) are composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part with two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23) and the internal STATORS (169) in the AXIS (1) or STATORS (170) fixed exterior, a moving part ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) exterior or with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) interior, and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE ROTOR (2).
Preferentemente los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, están compuestos por dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23), posicionando las estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para la
parte inferior y superior de! ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior permanentemente fijas en eí EJE (1 ). Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with outer MAGNET ROTOR (167) are composed of two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the metal structures (1 1) circular parallel to the ground for bottom and top of! ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) permanently fixed on axis AXIS (1).
Preferentemente los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, consta de una parte fija situada permanentemente en la base del EJE (1) justo debajo del primer ROTOR (2) que consta de dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para (a parte inferior y superior del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, entre estas dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares se colocará una estructura (171 ) metálica circular, compuesta por sectores (172) metálicos circulares sujetos permanentemente por tornillos a la estructura (11 ) metálica circular en el EJE (1 ), posicionándoles unas bobinas (173) alargadas y devanadas de cobre barnizado en el perímetro de !a estructura ( 1) metálica circular, a este conjunto de bobinas las llamaremos ESTATORES (169). - i Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with outer MAGNET ROTOR (167), consists of a fixed part permanently located at the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consisting of two structures (1 1 ) circular metallic parallel to the ground for (to the lower and upper part of the MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167), between these two circular metal structures (1 1) a circular metal structure (171) will be placed, composed of circular metal sectors (172) permanently fastened by screws to the circular metal structure (11) in the AXIS (1), placing elongated coils (173) of copper varnished on the perimeter of the circular metal structure (1), to this set of coils we will call STATORS (169). - i
Que el ESTATOR (169) tiene una estructura (171) metálica circular formada por sectores (172) metálicos circulares, donde cada sector (172) en el lado izquierdo por la cara exterior tiene unas prolongaciones (169a) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (169b), dicha prolongación (169a) metálica rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (172) metálico circular del ESTATOR (169) en unos huecos (169c) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (169d) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (172) metálico circular que recibe a otro sector (172) metálico circular para dejar abrazados los sectores (172) metálicos circulares del ESTATOR (169). That the ESTATOR (169) has a circular metal structure (171) formed by circular metal sectors (172), where each sector (172) on the left side by the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (169a) with a hole (169b ), said rectangular metal extension (169a) is inserted in the opposite face of the following circular metal sector (172) of the ESTATOR (169) in rectangular holes (169c), once positioned a screw (169d) of sufficient length is inserted by the upper part of the circular metallic sector (172) that receives another circular metallic sector (172) to leave the circular metallic sectors (172) of the ESTATOR (169) embraced.
Que los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, tienen una estructura (174) metálica circular formada por sectores (175) metálicos circulares, que están posicionados paralelamente al suelo con forma de C, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior. El ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior tiene el propósito de servir como un portador de imanes (176) permanentes, la estructura (174) metálica circular tiene un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior por el lado interior se posicionan verticalmente unos imanes (176) permanentes ventajosamente posicionados y encarados a las bobinas del ESTATOR (169). That the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with external MAGNET HOLDER (167), have a circular metal structure (174) formed by circular metal sectors (175), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped ground, which in this case we will call ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside. The ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (176), the circular metal structure (174) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part by the inner side vertically positioned permanent magnets (176) advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (169).
Por el diámetro menor ía parte superior y la parte inferior están separadas a
una distancia equivalente a la altura del ESTATOR (169) en la estructura (11 ) metálica circular fija que está posicionada en el EJE (1). By the smaller diameter of the upper part and the lower part are separated to a distance equivalent to the height of the ESTATOR (169) in the fixed circular metal structure (11) that is positioned in the AXIS (1).
Preferentemente en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (174) metálica circular con los sectores (175) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1), tienen unas ranuras (177) donde se coloca una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (177) en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (178) por la parte exterior del sector (175) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (43) de forma circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior. Preferably in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the circular metal structure (174) with the circular metal sectors (175) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (177) where a piece is placed (47) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (177) at the top by the bottom and at the bottom by the bottom, fastened by screws ( 178) on the outside of the metal circular sector (175), facing the recess (43) circularly of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the outer MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167), axially supported allowing the rotation of the ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside.
Preferentemente en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (174) metálica circular con los sectores (175) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1 ), tienen unas ranuras (179) donde se coloca una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura 1(179) en la parte superior por la parte exterior y en la parte inferior por la parte exterior, sujetas por tornillos (180) por la parte superior del sector (175) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (48) de forma circular de arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior ajustado vertical y lateralmente, permitiendo la rotación del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior centrado al EJE (1 ). Preferably in the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the circular metal structure (174) with the circular metal sectors (175) by the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), they have grooves (179) where a piece is placed (49) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove 1 (179) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws (180) by the upper part of the metallic circular sector (175), facing the recess (48) of circular form of major arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the external MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) adjusted vertically and laterally , allowing the rotation of the outer MAGNET HOLDER (167) centered on the AXIS (1).
Que los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes cón ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, tienen una estructura (181) metálica circular formada por sectores (182) metálicos circulares, que están posicionados paralelamente al suelo con forma de C, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior. El ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior tiene el propósito de servir como un portador de imanes (183) permanentes, la estructura (181) metálica circular tiene un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior por el lado interior se posicionan verticaimente unos imanes (183) permanentes ventajosamente posicionados y encarados a las bobinas del ESTATOR (170). That the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with internal MAGNET HOLDER (168), have a circular metal structure (181) formed by circular metal sectors (182), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped ground, which in this case we will call ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside. The ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (183), the circular metal structure (181) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part by the inner side vertically positioned permanent magnets (183) advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (170).
Que el ESTATOR (170) de los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes
permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, está posicionado en una estructura (184) de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, teniendo en la parte superior y en todo el perímetro unas piezas (185) metálicas cilindricas con un orificio roscado en su interior y en la parte exterior unas garras (186) para poder quedar ancladas dentro de la estructura (184) de concreto circular, la parte superior de la pieza (185) metálica cilindrica queda al ras de la estructura (184) de concreto en la parte superior. That the STATOR (170) of the synchronous GENERATORS (5) of magnets permanent with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside, it is positioned in a circular concrete structure (184), as a support, having cylindrical metal parts (185) with a threaded hole in its top and around the perimeter inside and outside claws (186) to be anchored within the circular concrete structure (184), the upper part of the cylindrical metal part (185) is flush with the concrete structure (184) in the upper part.
Que el ESTATOR (170) tiene una estructura (187) metálica circular formada por sectores (188) metálicos circulares en cuya base tiene una placa (189) metálica con orificios (190) donde unos tornillos (191 ) se roscan en las piezas (185) metálicas cilindricas roscadas quedando los sectores (188) circulares del ESTATOR (170) anclados a la estructura (184) de concreto circular. That the ESTATOR (170) has a circular metal structure (187) formed by circular metal sectors (188) at whose base it has a metal plate (189) with holes (190) where screws (191) are threaded into the pieces (185 ) threaded cylindrical metal leaving the circular sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) anchored to the circular concrete structure (184).
Que cada sector (188) metálico circular del ESTATOR (170) en el lado izquierdo por la cara exterior tiene unas prolongaciones (170a) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (170b), dicha prolongación (170a) metálica rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (188) metálico circular del ESTATOR (170) en unos huecos (170c) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (170d) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (188) metálico circular que recibe a otro sector (188) metálico circular para dejar abrazados los sectores (188) metálicos circulares del ESTATOR (170). That each circular metal sector (188) of the ESTATOR (170) on the left side on the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (170a) with a hole (170b), said rectangular metal extension (170a) is introduced on the opposite side of the next sector (188) circular metal of the ESTATOR (170) in rectangular holes (170c), once positioned, a screw (170d) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular metal sector (188) that receives another sector (188) circular metal to leave the circular metal sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) embraced.
Que el ESTATOR (170) de los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, está posicionado en una estructura (184) de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, tiene una entrada ( 92) de acceso para poder entrar a la TORRE (1 ). That the ESTATOR (170) of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER (168), is positioned in a circular concrete structure (184), as a support, has an access entrance (92) to enter the TOWER (1).
Que el GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior con el ESTATOR (170) del GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, ambos se pueden posicionar en una estructura (193) de concreto circular y de manera concéntrica a otro GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior conectado y posicionado en el EJE (1) con el ESTATOR (170) del GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior. That the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR (5) with internal MAGNET ROTOR HOLDER (168) with the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR (170) ESTATOR (170) with internal MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (168), both can be positioned in a structure ( 193) of circular concrete and concentrically to another GENERATOR (5) synchronous permanent magnets with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside connected and positioned in the AXIS (1) with the ESTATOR (170) of the GENERATOR (5) synchronous magnets permanent with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside.
De todo lo expuesto y por la observación de los dibujos, podemos
determinar las ventajas que presenta la turbina eólica de eje vertical con defiector envolvente y acoplamiento independiente del generador. From all of the above and by observing the drawings, we can Determine the advantages of the vertical axis wind turbine with wrapper deflector and independent generator coupling.
No siendo necesario hacer más extensa esta descripción para que cualquier persona comprenda el alcance de la invención y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan. It is not necessary to make this description more extensive so that anyone understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived therefrom.
Los materiales, formas, tamaño y disposición de los elementos, serán susceptibles de variación, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración a la esencialidad del invento. The materials, shapes, size and arrangement of the elements will be susceptible to variation, provided that this does not imply an alteration to the essentiality of the invention.
Los términos en que se ha escrito esta memoria deberán ser tomados siempre en sentido amplio y no limitativo.
The terms in which this report has been written must always be taken in a broad and non-limiting sense.
Claims
REIVINDICACIONES
1a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, diseñada para repotenciar granjas eólicas ya existentes o de nueva creación, así como, ubicaciones en zonas urbanas (edificios, viviendas habitacionales, centros comerciales, etc .), que puede ser escalables con conexión mecánica independiente entre sus elementos rotacionales, teniendo como objeto aumentar la densidad de la energía del viento, que esencialmente se caracteriza por adoptar configuraciones diferenciadas en TRES SOLUCIONES. 1 .- vertical axis wind turbine with scalable versatile surround deflector with independent couplings, designed to repower existing or newly created wind farms, as well as locations in urban areas (buildings, residential houses, commercial centers, etc.) which can be scalable with independent mechanical connection between its rotational elements, with the objective of increasing the density of wind energy, which is essentially characterized by adopting differentiated configurations in THREE SOLUTIONS.
La PRIMERA SOLUCION, es la de repotenciar turbinas de eje horizontal existentes, añadiéndoles la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, que la invención propone, aumentando sustancialmente la producción eléctrica, sin retirar la turbina existente, y sin afectarle los momentos dinámicos que pudieran interferir en la producción eléctrica de la turbina eólica de eje horizontal existente, ya que se posicionaría en la base de ésta, utilizando para ello la torre como eje de la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes. The FIRST SOLUTION, is to upgrade existing horizontal axis turbines, adding the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, which the invention proposes, substantially increasing electrical production, without removing the existing turbine, and without affecting it the dynamic moments that could interfere in the electrical production of the existing horizontal axis wind turbine, since it would be positioned at the base of the latter, using the tower as the axis of the vertical axis wind turbine with versatile scalable envelope deflector with couplings independent.
La SEGUNDA SOLUCION, es la de repotenciar turbinas eólicas de eje horizontal existentes añadiéndoles la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, retirando las turbinas eólicas de eje horizontal que han concluido su ciclo de vida útil, a excepción de la torre que servirá de eje a la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, como se propone. The SECOND SOLUTION, is to repower existing horizontal axis wind turbines by adding the vertical axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, removing the horizontal axis wind turbines that have concluded their life cycle, except for the tower that will serve as an axis to the vertical axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings, as proposed.
La TERCERA SOLUCION, es la de posicionar la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes en nuevos enclaves, como pueden ser nuevos parques eólicos, en zonas urbanas (las azoteas de edificios, viviendas habitacionales, centros comerciales, etc.). The THIRD SOLUTION is to position the vertical-axis wind turbine with a versatile scalable envelope deflector with independent couplings in new enclaves, such as new wind farms, in urban areas (roofs of buildings, residential homes, shopping centers, etc.). ).
La PRIMERA y la SEGUNDA SOLUCION tienen como denominador común, que utilizan la torre (que puede ser tubular de acero troncocónica, de celosía o de concreto armado) como eje del rotor, del deflector y del generador, adaptándose
por medios constructivos a la torré. The FIRST and SECOND SOLUTIONS have as common denominator, that they use the tower (which can be tubular of truncated conical steel, lattice or reinforced concrete) as the axis of the rotor, of the deflector and of the generator, adapting by constructive means to the torré.
La TERCERA SOLUCION, es para nuevos enclaves y se pueden fabricar desde turbinas de unos pocos kw/h (kilovatios por hora) de potencia nominal, hasta grandes turbinas de Mw/h (megavatios por hora). The THIRD SOLUTION is for new enclaves and can be manufactured from turbines of a few kW / h (kilowatts per hour) of nominal power, to large turbines of Mw / h (megawatts per hour).
En cualquiera de las TRES SOLUCIONES la turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, van a tener como principal característica, que los álabes del rotor central recibirán el viento a la mayor distancia proporcional con respecto al eje, esto es, que cuando el viento deflectado incide contra el rotor, este lo recibirá en un sector de corona circular cuyo perímetro afectado será de 300° angulares del perímetro total del rotor. In any of the THREE SOLUTIONS, the vertical-axis wind turbine with a scalable, multi-purpose wrap-around deflector with independent couplings will have as its main characteristic that the blades of the central rotor will receive the wind at the greatest proportional distance from the axis, that is, that when the deflected wind hits the rotor, it will receive it in a sector of circular crown whose affected perimeter will be 300 ° angular of the total perimeter of the rotor.
2a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a reivindicación, se caracteriza porque el EJE (1 ) lo constituye la torre (1 ) de las turbinas (H) eólicas de eje horizontal, para el caso de las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A) Y SEGUNDA (B) que consta de una estructura metálica con perfiles (6) I, estarán posicionados entre unas placas (7) metálicas soldadas a la torre (1 ), que para el caso de la primera (A) solución, la longitud del perfil (6) I, será la comprendida entre la base de la torre (1 ), hasta la parte (8) superior de la TURBINA (T), que para la SEGUNDA (B) SOLUCION, los perfiles (6) I, su longitud comprende desde la base hasta la parte (P) superior de la torre (1 ) en tramos que no excederán de 12 metros, teniendo una pieza (9) rectangular metálica soldada en cada extremo con orificios (10) para unir los diferentes tramos por medio de tornillos, que el EJE (1 ) consta de una estructura (1 1 ) metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte inferior del ROTOR (2) , está formada por sectores (12) circulares, donde cada sector (12) tiene a cada lado una placa (13) metálica con forma de L, donde la parte (14) vertical hacia el perfil (6) I, tiene una placa (15) metálica en ambas placas (13) metálicas con forma de L, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara (16) plana del perfil (6) I por unos orificios con tornillos (17), las placas (13) metálicas con forma de L, estarán soldadas a unos sectores (18) metálicos circulares, formados por sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales, en la parte inferior de la placa (13) metálica con forma de L, y por sectores (20) circulares horizontales a la parte más larga de la placa (12) metálica con forma de L, los sectores (19) circulares verticales y los
sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, que tienen en su interior unos cajones (21 ) rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos (22) y (23), que consta de una estructura (24) metálica circular y paralela al suelo para la parte superior del ROTOR (2), está formada por sectores (25) metálicos circulares, donde cada sector (25) metálico circular tiene a cada lado una placa (26) metálica con forma de I, donde la parte (27) vertical hacia el perfil (6) I, tiene una placa (28) metálica en ambas placas (26) metálicas con forma de I, con orificios para poder sujetarse a la cara (16) plana del perfil (6) I por sus orificios con tornillos (17), las placas (26) metálicas con forma de I, estarán soldadas a unos sectores (29) metálicos circulares, formados por sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, en la parte (30) superior de la placa (26) metálica con forma de I, los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, tienen en su interior unos cajones (31 ) rectangulares, que sirven para albergar los porta rodillos (23). 2 .- vertical axis wind turbine of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (1) constitutes the tower (1) of the turbines (H) axle wind horizontal, in the case of the FIRST (A) AND SECOND (B) SOLUTIONS consisting of a metal structure with profiles (6) I, they will be positioned between metal plates (7) welded to the tower (1), which for the In the case of the first (A) solution, the length of the profile (6) I, will be that between the base of the tower (1), to the upper part (8) of the TURBINE (T), which for the SECOND ( B) SOLUTION, the profiles (6) I, their length comprises from the base to the upper part (P) of the tower (1) in sections not exceeding 12 meters, having a rectangular metal part (9) welded in each end with holes (10) to join the different sections by means of screws, that the AXIS (1) consists of a structure ura (1 1) circular metal and parallel to the ground for the bottom of the ROTOR (2), is formed by circular sectors (12), where each sector (12) has on each side an L-shaped metal plate (13) , where the part (14) vertical towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (15) on both metal plates (13) in the form of L, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face (16) of the profile ( 6) I through holes with screws (17), the L-shaped metal plates (13) will be welded to circular metal sectors (18), formed by vertical circular metal sectors (19), at the bottom of the L-shaped metal plate (13), and by horizontal circular sectors (20) to the longest part of the L-shaped metal plate (12), vertical circular sectors (19) and horizontal circular metal sectors (20), which have inside rectangular drawers (21), which serve to house the roller holders (22) and (23), which consists of a circular metal structure (24) parallel to the ground to the upper part of the ROTOR (2) is formed by circular metal sectors (25), where each circular metal sector (25) has on each side an I-shaped metal plate (26), where the vertical part (27) towards the profile (6) I, has a metal plate (28) on both metal plates (26) with an I-shape, with holes to be able to be attached to the flat face (16) of the profile (6) I by its holes with screws ( 17), the I-shaped metal plates (26) will be welded to circular metal sectors (29), formed by horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in the upper part (30) of the metal plate (26) with I shape, the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), have inside drawers s (31) rectangular, used to house the roller holders (23).
3a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a y 2a reivindicación, se caracteriza porque las estructuras (1 1 ) y (24) metálicas circulares y paralelas al suelo para la parte superior e inferior del ROTOR (2), se posicionará en sentido vertical tantas veces como etapas de ROTORES (2) tengamos, para la SOLUCION PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) y TERCERA (C). 3 .- wind turbine vertical axis polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 and 2 to claim, characterized in that the structures (1 1) and (24) metallic circular and parallel to the floor for upper and lower part of the ROTOR (2), will be positioned vertically as many times as stages of ROTORS (2) we have, for the FIRST (A), SECOND (B) and THIRD (C) SOLUTION.
4a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a, 2a y 3a reivindicación, se caracteriza porque los porta rodillos (22), están formados por unos cubos (32) metálicos rectangulares cerrados por su parte (33) inferior, esta parte (33) inferior apoya en el interior de los cajones (21 ) rectangulares de los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, en una pieza (34) metálica rectangular con unos orificios que permite sujetarla por tornillos (35) a unos orificios que se encuentran en los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales. A estos cubos (32) metálicos rectangulares por su parte (36) más alargada se les hace dos huecos (37) circulares por su parte (38) interior, que contendrá sendos rodamientos (39) a ambos lados y que en el centro de los dos huecos tendrá un orificio (40) del mismo diámetro que el interior del rodamiento (39), por el que se pasará un eje (41 ) metálico cuya longitud no excederá el exterior del cubo (32) por ambos lados, en medio de los dos
rodamientos (39) se colocará una pieza (42) metálica circular que en adelante llamaremos rodillos (42), cuya parte circular tiene un rebaje (43) de forma circular, que tiene un orificio cuyo diámetro es igual al diámetro del eje (41 ) que lo atraviesa, tiene dos resaltes (44) circulares cuyo diámetro es inferior al diámetro exterior del rodamiento (39) librando el espesor de la parte externa de diámetro mayor del rodamiento (39), que los porta rodillos (22) y (23) se introducirán por la parte inferior en los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y por la parte interior de los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales hasta un tope (45) rectangular que impide que se salgan los porta rodillos (22) y (23), a la vez que permite que sobresalga el rodillo (42) circular, entre la parte inferior del cubo (32) y la placa (34) metálica que cierra, la cual, se une por tornillos (35) a los sectores (19) metálicos circulares verticales y los sectores (20) metálicos circulares horizontales, que se colocará una pieza (46) rectangular de un material no metálico pero con la capacidad de amortiguar, de dimensiones perimetrales iguales al interior de los cajones (31 ) rectangulares, que la única diferencia entre los porta rodillos (22) de los sectores (19) circulares verticales y los porta rodillos (23) de los sectores (20) circulares horizontales, es que el rodillo (42) para los porta rodillos (22) tiene un rebaje (43) de forma circular en el rodillo (42) con un diámetro igual al rebaje (43) que sirve de apoyo axial a una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular en el ROTOR (2) por su parte inferior para su deslizamiento rotacional, y en los porta rodillos (23) posicionados en los sectores (20) circulares horizontales el rebaje (48) de forma circular tiene un diámetro con un arco mayor donde apoya una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular cuya finalidad es la de poder ajusfar vertical y lateralmente el ROTOR (2), tanto en su parte inferior como superior, centrándolo al eje de rotación. 4 .- wind turbine vertical axis polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd claim, characterized in that the carrier rollers (22) are formed by buckets (32) Rectangular metal closed by its lower part (33), this lower part (33) rests inside the rectangular drawers (21) of the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and the horizontal circular metal sectors (20), in one piece (34) rectangular metal with holes that allow it to be fastened by screws (35) to holes that are in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and the horizontal circular metal sectors (20). These rectangular metal cubes (32) on the other hand (36) more elongated are made two circular holes (37) on their inner part (38), which will contain two bearings (39) on both sides and in the center of the two holes will have a hole (40) of the same diameter as the inside of the bearing (39), through which a metal shaft (41) will be passed whose length will not exceed the outside of the hub (32) on both sides, in the middle of the two bearings (39) a circular metal part (42) will be placed, which we will now call rollers (42), whose circular part has a circular recess (43), which has a hole whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the shaft (41) which crosses it, has two circular projections (44) whose diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing (39) ridding the thickness of the outer part of the larger diameter of the bearing (39), than the roller holders (22) and (23) they will be introduced from the bottom in the vertical circular metal sectors (19) and from the inside of the horizontal circular metal sectors (20) up to a rectangular stop (45) that prevents the roller holders (22) and (23) from coming out ), while allowing the circular roller (42) to protrude, between the bottom of the hub (32) and the metal plate (34) that closes, which is joined by screws (35) to the sectors (19) ) vertical circular metal and metal sectors (20) circul horizontal ares, which will be placed a rectangular piece (46) of a non-metallic material but with the ability to cushion, of perimeter dimensions equal to the inside of the rectangular drawers (31), that the only difference between the roller holders (22) of the vertical circular sectors (19) and the roller holders (23) of the horizontal circular sectors (20), is that the roller (42) for the roller carriers (22) has a circular recess (43) in the roller ( 42) with a diameter equal to the recess (43) that serves as axial support for a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension on the ROTOR (2) at the bottom for rotational sliding, and on the roller holders (23) positioned in the horizontal circular sectors (20) the circular recess (48) has a diameter with a larger arc where it supports a semicircular metal part (49) with rectangular extension whose purpose is to be able to adjust the R vertically and laterally OTHER (2), both in its lower and upper part, centering it to the axis of rotation.
5a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 4a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque todos los sectores (19) circulares verticales, tendrán acoplados en el total del perímetro del diámetro mayor y paralelo al suelo, una porción de engrane (50) de dientes rectos, siendo la suma de estos engranes (50) atornillados e igualados en el valle (51 ), una corona circular. 5 .- vertical axis wind of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 4 to claim inclusive, characterized in that all sectors turbine (19) circular vertical, have coupled in total of the perimeter of the greater diameter and parallel to the ground, a portion of gear (50) of straight teeth, the sum of these gears (50) being screwed and matched in the valley (51), a circular crown.
6a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable
polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 5a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ROTOR para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) Y TERCERA (C), está compuesto por dos estructuras metálicas circulares separadas verticalmente cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 1 % menor al diámetro menor del ENVOLVENTE (3), y cuyo diámetro menor será mayor al diámetro del EJE (1 ), que cada estructura (52) circular está compuesta por sectores (53) metálicos circulares, los cuales tiene una estructura metálica como sector (54) metálico circular en el diámetro mayor que está conectado por radios (55) de perfil estructural con un sector (56) metálico circular de diámetro menor, que las dos estructuras (52) metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente por estructuras (57) verticales y horizontales cubiertas por lámina metálica adoptando forma aerodinámica, que en adelante llamaremos ALABES (57), que el ROTOR (2) tiene una estructura (58) central circular, formada por perfiles metálicos horizontales y verticales, esta estructura (58) central circular está cubierta por una lámina (59) metálica por la cara exterior, esto quiere decir, que el viento no puede pasar al interior teniendo que bordear la estructura (58) central circular, que la estructura (58) central circular, tiene la misma altura que los ALABES (57), siendo esta estructura (58) central circular la zona de presión aerodinámica, que los largueros que atraviesan verticalmente los ALABES (57), el larguero (60) posicionado en el eje de simetría está reforzado y sobresale tanto por la parte superior como inferior del ALABE (57) con un eje (61 ) metálico circular que en la parte superior se introduce en un rodamiento posicionado estratégicamente en la estructura metálica superior y por la parte inferior introduciéndose en dos rodamientos, un rodamiento (62) rígido de bolas y otro rodamiento (63) axial de bolas, que permite la orientación del ALABE (57), que en la parte inferior del ALABE (57) donde sobresale el eje (61 ) metálico tiene soldado un brazo (64) metálico como una palanca horizontal a la parte inferior del ROTOR (2) debajo de la lámina de la estructura (52) circular y en el extremo opuesto una rótula (65) que hace de unión con otro brazo (66) que en el extremo opuesto a la rótula (65) está conectado a una pieza (67) metálica que va a trasladarse por la acción de un tornillo (68) sinfín el cual gira movido por un motor (69) eléctrico, cuya misión es la de poder orientar los ALABES (57) o variar el ángulo de ataque con respecto al viento que entra tangencial, así como, freno aerodinámico al girar
los ALABES (57) hasta un ángulo donde el viento no genere energía. Cada ALABE (57) tiene un sensor angular de lectura electrónica, que cada uno de los ALABES (57) tiene un motor (69) eléctrico que lo orienta aerodinámicamente, es decir, que si tenemos veinte ALABES (57), tendremos veinte motores (69) eléctricos que están alimentados eléctricamente por un banco de baterías (70) posicionadas estratégicamente dentro del ROTOR (2) en una zona cercana al EJE (1 ), que a su vez, se cargan eléctricamente por un generador (71 ). 6 .- vertical axis wind turbine of scalable surround deflector polyvalent separate couplings, according to 1 to 5 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the ROTOR for FIRST (A), second (B) and third (C) SOLUTIONS comprises two metallic frames circular vertically separated whose outer diameter, preferably will be 1% smaller than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE (3), and whose smaller diameter will be greater than the diameter of the AXIS (1), that each circular structure (52) is composed of metal sectors (53) circular, which has a metal structure as a circular metallic sector (54) in the larger diameter that is connected by radii (55) of structural profile with a circular metallic sector (56) of smaller diameter, than the two metallic structures (52) Circular are vertically separated by vertical and horizontal structures (57) covered by sheet metal adopting aerodynamic shape, which we will call ALABES (57), which the ROTOR (2) has a circular central structure (58), formed by horizontal and vertical metal profiles, this circular central structure (58) is covered by a metal sheet (59) by the outer face, this means that the wind cannot go inside having to skirt the circular central structure (58), that the circular central structure (58), has the same height as the ALABES (57), this central structure (58) being circular the aerodynamic pressure zone, which stringers that vertically cross the ALABES (57), the stringer (60) positioned on the axis of symmetry is reinforced and protrudes from both the upper and lower part of the ALABE (57) with a circular metallic shaft (61) that in the upper part it is introduced in a bearing strategically positioned in the upper metal structure and in the lower part by entering in two bearings, a deep groove ball bearing (62) and another axial ball bearing (63), which allows e the orientation of the ALABE (57), which in the lower part of the ALABE (57) where the metal shaft (61) protrudes has welded a metal arm (64) as a horizontal lever to the bottom of the ROTOR (2) below the sheet of the circular structure (52) and at the opposite end a kneecap (65) that joins with another arm (66) that at the opposite end to the kneecap (65) is connected to a metal part (67) that It will move by the action of an endless screw (68) which rotates driven by an electric motor (69), whose mission is to be able to orient the ALABES (57) or vary the angle of attack with respect to the wind that enters tangential , as well as, aerodynamic brake when turning the ALABES (57) to an angle where the wind does not generate energy. Each ALABE (57) has an electronic reading angular sensor, that each of the ALABES (57) has an electric motor (69) that guides it aerodynamically, that is, if we have twenty ALABES (57), we will have twenty engines ( 69) electrical units that are electrically powered by a battery bank (70) strategically positioned within the ROTOR (2) in an area near the AXIS (1), which in turn are electrically charged by a generator (71).
7a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 6a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el generador (71 ) está posicionado verticalmente en la parte inferior del ROTOR (2), en un sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro menor, que el eje (73) del generador (71 ) tiene un engrane (74) que acopla con el engrane (50) de la corona circular de los sectores (19) circulares fijos, en el sentido, que cuando el ROTOR (2) está en movimiento rotacional, el generador (71 ) comienza a suministrar la energía necesaria para cargar las baterías (70). 7 .- vertical axis wind turbine of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 6 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the generator (71) is positioned vertically at the bottom of ROTOR (2), in a circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the smaller diameter, that the shaft (73) of the generator (71) has a gear (74) that engages with the gear (50) of the circular crown of the fixed circular sectors (19), in the sense that when the ROTOR (2) is in rotational movement, the generator (71) begins to supply the energy necessary to charge the batteries (70).
8a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 7a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque cada ROTOR (2) tiene unos tensores (75) aerodinámicos que están posicionados desde el diámetro exterior de la estructura (52) circular de la base del ROTOR (2) atravesando en su recorrido la estructura (58) central circular y llegando hasta la estructura circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2), donde se sujetará, que los tensores (75) aerodinámicos están sujetos en cada extremo, el extremo (76) situado en el diámetro exterior está roscado y se hace pasar por unos orificios practicados en una pieza (77) estratégicamente posicionada en la parte superior de la base del ROTOR (2) donde se les pone una tuerca (78) y contratuerca (79) y el otro extremo (80) roscado en la estructura (52) circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2), atravesando una pieza (81 ) metálica con orificios donde se le pone una tuerca (82) que irá tensando el tensor (75) aerodinámico hasta conseguir una horizontalidad de la estructura (52)circular con respecto al suelo, una vez conseguida esta horizontalidad se procede a colocar la contratuerca (83), que dependiendo del radio del ROTOR (2) y el cálculo estructural se colocan unos tensores (84)
aerodinámicos cuyo extremo se va posicionando en la base del ROTOR (2) inmediatamente posterior a la estructura (58) central hacia el interior y el otro extremo en la estructura (52) circular superior por la parte inferior del diámetro interior del ROTOR (2). 8 .- vertical axis wind of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 7 to claim inclusive, characterized in that each turbine rotor (2) has tensioners (75) are aerodynamic positioned from the outer diameter of the circular structure (52) of the base of the ROTOR (2) crossing the circular central structure (58) and reaching the upper circular structure through the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2) , where it will be held, that the aerodynamic tensioners (75) are attached at each end, the end (76) located in the outer diameter is threaded and is passed through holes made in a piece (77) strategically positioned in the upper part of the base of the ROTOR (2) where they are placed a nut (78) and locknut (79) and the other end (80) threaded in the upper circular structure (52) by the lower part of the diameter inside the ROTOR (2), through a metal piece (81) with holes where a nut (82) is placed, which will tighten the aerodynamic tensioner (75) until a horizontal structure (52) is achieved with respect to the ground, Once this horizontality is achieved, the locknut (83) is placed, which, depending on the radius of the ROTOR (2) and the structural calculation, tensioners (84) are placed aerodynamics whose end is positioned at the base of the ROTOR (2) immediately after the central structure (58) inwards and the other end in the upper circular structure (52) by the lower part of the inner diameter of the ROTOR (2) .
9a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 8a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque cada sector (53) circular de la estructura (52) circular que configura la base del ROTOR (2) y la parte superior del ROTOR (2), tiene unos largueros (85) metálicos verticales situándolos desde la base por la parte superior del ROTOR (2) hasta la parte superior por el lado inferior, donde un larguero (85) está posicionado en la cara interior de un sector de la estructura (58) central circular en el lado derecho y otro en el lado izquierdo llamándolos así por la orientación al EJE (1), estos largueros (85) tienen unas prolongaciones (86) laterales en la parte superior e inferior que permite que pueda pasar los tensores (75) aerodinámicos, otros largueros (87) se posicionan en el lado derecho e izquierdo del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro menor, estos largueros (87) tienen en la parte superior las piezas (77) con orificios donde se sujetan y tensan los tensores (75) aerodinámicos, que donde están posicionados los largueros (85) verticales y orientándonos hacia el EJE (1), podemos decir que de la base del larguero (88) de la derecha detrás del sector de la estructura (58) central circular ponemos un larguero (89) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (90) de la izquierda detrás de la estructura (58) central circular, y de la base del larguero (90) vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero (91) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (88) de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa (92) metálica en ambos lados del cruce para reforzar las diagonales, que donde están posicionados los largueros verticales y orientados hacia el EJE (1), que de la base del larguero (93) de la derecha del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro interior ponemos un larguero (94) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (95) de la izquierda del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular en el diámetro interior, y de la base del larguero (95) vertical de la izquierda ponemos un larguero (96) en diagonal hasta la parte superior del larguero (93) de la derecha, soldándose en todos los extremos y en el cruce de ambas diagonales se posiciona una placa (97) metálica
para reforzar las diagonales. 9 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 8 to to claim inclusive, characterized in that each sector (53) circular structure (52) circular configure the base of the ROTOR (2) and the top of the ROTOR (2), it has vertical metal stringers (85) placing them from the base by the top of the ROTOR (2) to the top by the bottom side, where a crossbar (85) is positioned on the inside of a sector of the central circular structure (58) on the right side and another on the left side, calling them by the orientation to the AXIS (1), these stringers (85) have extensions (86) laterals in the upper and lower part that allows it to pass the aerodynamic tensioners (75), other stringers (87) are positioned on the right and left side of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the diameter smaller, these stringers (87) have in the upper part the pieces (77) with holes where the aerodynamic tensioners (75) are held and tensioned, which where the vertical stringers (85) are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS (1), we can say that from the base of the crossbar (88) on the right behind the sector of the circular central structure (58) we put a crossbar (89) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (90) on the left behind the structure ( 58) circular center, and from the base of the vertical stringer (90) on the left we put a crossbar (91) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (88) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both Diagonal a metal plate (92) is positioned on both sides of the crossing to reinforce the diagonals, where the vertical stringers are positioned and oriented towards the AXIS (1), which from the base of the stringer (93) to the right of the sector ( 72) circular structure (52) circu In the inner diameter we put a crossbar (94) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (95) to the left of the circular sector (72) of the circular structure (52) in the inner diameter, and the base of the crossbar ( 95) vertical on the left we put a crossbar (96) diagonally to the top of the crossbar (93) on the right, welding at all ends and at the intersection of both diagonals a metal plate (97) is positioned to reinforce the diagonals.
10a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 9a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ROTOR (2) tiene en el diámetro interior del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) circular superior y por el lado exterior más cercano al EJE (1 ), una ranura (98) donde se introduce una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (98) por la parte exterior del sector (72) circular de la estructura (52) superior del ROTOR (2) que se sujeta por tornillos (99) por la parte superior, está pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular está encarada al rebaje (48) de arco mayor de los rodillos (42) horizontales posicionados en el EJE (1 ), que mantiene el ROTOR (2) ventajosamente concéntrico al EJE (1 ), que el ROTOR (2) en la estructura (52) circular inferior por el diámetro menor más cercano al EJE (1 ) en lado inferior tiene unas ranuras (100) donde se introduce una pieza (49) semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta el interior de la ranura (100) en la parte inferior, se sujetan con tornillos (101 ) por la parte exterior, encarados al rebaje (43) circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR (2) apoyado axialmente, permitiendo la rotación axial del ROTOR (2), que el ROTOR (2) tiene una estructura (52) circular formada por sectores (72) circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones (102) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (103), dicha prolongación (102) rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (72) circular metálico en unos huecos (104) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (105) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (72) circular que recibe a otro sector para dejar abrazados los sectores (72) circulares metálicos. 10 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to claim 9 inclusive, characterized in that the rotor (2) has on the inside diameter of the sector (72 ) circular of the upper circular structure (52) and on the outer side closest to the AXIS (1), a groove (98) where a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension is introduced, from the base of the semicircle to the face which rests inside the groove (98) on the outside of the circular sector (72) of the upper structure (52) of the ROTOR (2) that is held by screws (99) at the top, is part (47 ) semicircular metal with rectangular extension is facing the lower arc recess (48) of the horizontal rollers (42) positioned in the AXIS (1), which keeps the ROTOR (2) advantageously concentric to the AXIS (1), than the ROTOR ( 2) in the structure (52) circulates r smaller by the smaller diameter closest to the AXIS (1) on the lower side has grooves (100) where a semicircular piece (49) is inserted with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to the inside of the groove (100) in the bottom, they are fastened with screws (101) on the outside, facing the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the ROTOR (2) supported axially, allowing the axial rotation of the ROTOR (2) , that the ROTOR (2) has a circular structure (52) formed by circular sectors (72), on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions (102) with a hole (103), said rectangular extension (102) is introduced into the opposite face of the next metallic circular sector (72) in rectangular holes (104), once positioned, a screw (105) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular sector (72) that receives another sector to leave hugged him s sectors (72) circular metal.
1 1 a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 10a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque la continuidad de giro rotacional entre el último ROTOR (2) de los escalados en la parte superior hasta el primer ROTOR (2) más próximo al suelo, se colocan una serie de piezas cilindricas metálicas que llamaremos CONECTOR (106) MACHO y CONECTOR (107) HEMBRA, que el ROTOR (2) más próximo a la base del EJE (1 ), y en la base del ROTOR (2) por la parte superior cercana al diámetro interior tiene unos
orificios (108) donde se introducen unas piezas (106) metálicas cilindricas que llamaremos CONECTORES (106) MACHOS, repartidos en número por todo el perímetro inferior de la base del ROTOR (2), que atraviesan la base del ROTOR (2) e introduciéndose en otras piezas (107) metálicas cilindricas cuyo centro tiene un orificio circular cuyo diámetro interior coincide con el diámetro exterior del CONECTOR (106) MACHO llamando a estas piezas metálicas circulares con orificio interior CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS. Los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) y/o en el rotor del GENERADOR (5) ELECTRICO, que el primer ROTOR (2) más próximo a la base del EJE (1 ) tiene en la estructura (52) circular superior por la parte exterior superior un número de CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS estratégicamente posicionados que coinciden con los CONECTORES (106) MACHOS posicionados estratégicamente en la base del segundo ROTOR (2) en su parte inferior en número igual al número de CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS del primer ROTOR (2). 1 1 .- A wind turbine with vertical axis with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 to 10 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the continuity of rotational rotation between the last rotor (2) the scaled at the top until the first ROTOR (2) closest to the ground, a series of metal cylindrical pieces that we will call CONNECTOR (106) MALE and CONNECTOR (107) FEMALE, that the ROTOR (2) closest to the base of the AXIS (1), and at the base of the ROTOR (2) at the top near the inner diameter has about holes (108) where cylindrical metal parts (106) are introduced, which we will call MALE CONNECTORS (106), distributed in number throughout the bottom perimeter of the ROTOR base (2), which cross the base of the ROTOR (2) and entering in other cylindrical metal parts (107) whose center has a circular hole whose inner diameter coincides with the outer diameter of the MALE CONNECTOR (106) by calling these circular metal parts with inner hole CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE. The FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) are positioned on the top of the POWER TRAIN (4) and / or on the ELECTRIC GENERATOR (5) rotor, which the first ROTOR (2) closest to the AXIS base (1) has in the upper circular structure (52) on the upper outer part a number of strategically positioned FEMALE CONNECTORS (107) that match the MALE CONNECTORS (106) strategically positioned at the base of the second ROTOR (2) at its bottom in equal number to the number of CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE of the first ROTOR (2).
12a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 1 1 a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque la altura del ROTOR (2) siempre será una décima parte del radio del ROTOR (2), para las TRES SOLUCIONES. 12 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 1 to 1 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the height of the rotor (2) will always be one - tenth ROTOR radio (2), for the THREE SOLUTIONS.
13a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 12a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ROTOR (2) puede ser configurado por el tipo, forma y configuración de los ALABES (57). La invención propone dos grupos de ROTORES (2), que el primer grupo de ROTORES (2), tiene un solo tipo de ALABES (57) iguales, posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR (2) y la estructura (58) central circular, que tienen la capacidad de ser orientados mecánicamente, en un número ideal de veinte ALABES (57), que el segundo grupo de ROTORES (2), tiene tres tipos de ALABES (57) posicionados entre el diámetro exterior del ROTOR (2) y la estructura (58) central circular, un ALABE (109) de tamaño mayor, ALABE (1 10) de tamaño mediano y ALABE (1 1 1 ) de tamaño menor, todos fijos; en un número ideal de cinco grupos de ALABES (57). 13 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 12 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the rotor (2) can be set by the type, shape and ALABES configuration (57). The invention proposes two groups of ROTORS (2), that the first group of ROTORS (2), has a single type of ALABES (57) equal, positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58) , which have the ability to be mechanically oriented, in an ideal number of twenty ALABES (57), that the second group of ROTORS (2), has three types of ALABES (57) positioned between the outer diameter of the ROTOR (2) and the circular central structure (58), an ALABE (109) of larger size, ALABE (1 10) of medium size and ALABE (1 1 1) of smaller size, all fixed; in an ideal number of five groups of ALABES (57).
14a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable
polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 13a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ENVOLVENTE (3) lo compone una estructura (112) circular metálica cuyo diámetro exterior, preferentemente será un 40% mayor al diámetro del ROTOR (2), y cuyo diámetro interior preferentemente será un 1 % mayor al diámetro del ROTOR (2), y será igual para las SOLUCIONES PRIMERA (A), SEGUNDA (B) Y TERCERA (C). 14 .- Wind turbine with vertical axis scalable surround deflector polyvalent separate couplings, according to 1 to 13 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the housing (3) composes a structure (112) a circular metal whose outer diameter preferably is 40% larger than the diameter of ROTOR (2), and whose inner diameter will preferably be 1% larger than the diameter of the ROTOR (2), and will be the same for the FIRST (A), SECOND (B) AND THIRD (C) SOLUTIONS.
15a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 14a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ENVOLVENTE (3) consta de dos estructuras (113) metálicas circulares compuestas por sectores (114) circulares metálicos, cuyo diámetro perimetral mayor y diámetro perimetral menor, están comunicados por radios (115) estructurales metálicos, que las estructuras (112) metálicas circulares están separadas verticalmente a una distancia equivalente a la altura del ROTOR (2), que las estructuras (1 13) metálicas circulares están cubiertas por una lámina (1 16) metálica, la estructura (113) metálica circular inferior tiene la lámina (116) metálica por la parte superior y la estructura (113) metálica superior tiene la lámina (116) metálica por su parte inferior, estas láminas (1 6) metálicas tienen como finalidad encapsuiar el viento que se dirige al ROTOR (2), que las dos estructuras (1 3) metálicas circulares están unidas verticalmente por nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor. 15 .- vertical axis wind of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 14 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the housing (3) comprises two structures (113) circular metal turbine composed of metallic circular sectors (114), whose larger perimeter diameter and smaller perimeter diameter, are communicated by metal structural radii (115), that the circular metal structures (112) are vertically separated at a distance equivalent to the height of the ROTOR (2) ), that the circular metal structures (1 13) are covered by a metal sheet (1 16), the lower circular metal structure (113) has the metal sheet (116) at the top and the upper metal structure (113) has the metal sheet (116) on the bottom, these metal sheets (1 6) are intended to encapsulate the wind that is directed to the ROTOR (2), which The two circular metal structures (1 3) are joined vertically by nine horizontal and vertical metal structures, covered by metal foil positioned as a wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter.
16a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 15a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque las nueve estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared, que van desde el perímetro del diámetro mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, siete estructuras (1 7) metálicas horizontales y verticales están posicionadas y repartidas de forma proporcional en la parte frontal encarada al viento, en un perímetro de 150° angulares. A estas siete estructuras (117) metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, las llamaremos DEFLECTORES (117) DE ENTRADA del viento y a las dos estructuras (118) metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica posicionadas como una pared que van desde el perímetro del diámetro
mayor, hasta el perímetro del diámetro menor, en un perímetro de 60° angulares las llamaremos DEFLECTORES (118) DE SALIDA, que los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA, vistos frontalmente, los nombraremos de derecha a izquierda, como DEFLECTOR (119) PRIMERO, DEFLECTOR (120) SEGUNDO, DEFLECTOR (121 ) TERCERO, . DEFLECTOR (122) CUARTO, DEFLECTOR (123) QUINTO, DEFLECTOR (124) SEXTO Y DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO. 16 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 15 to claim inclusive, characterized nine horizontal and vertical metal frames, covered by metal sheet positioned as A wall, ranging from the perimeter of the larger diameter, to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, seven horizontal and vertical metal structures (1 7) are positioned and distributed proportionally on the front facing the wind, on a perimeter of 150 ° angular. These seven horizontal and vertical metal structures (117), covered by metal foil, we will call the wind INPUT DEFLECTORS (117) and the two horizontal and vertical metal structures (118), covered by metal foil positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the diameter greater, up to the perimeter of the smaller diameter, in a perimeter of 60 ° angles we will call OUTPUT DEFLECTORS (118), than the INPUT DEFLECTORS (1 17), seen frontally, we will name them from right to left, as DEFLECTOR (119) FIRST, DEFLECTOR (120) SECOND, DEFLECTOR (121) THIRD,. DEFLECTOR (122) FOUR, DEFLECTOR (123) FIFTH, DEFLECTOR (124) SIXTH AND DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH.
17a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 16a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO, lo componen estructuras metálicas horizontales y verticales, cubiertas por lámina metálica, posicionada como una pared desde el perímetro del diámetro exterior de la estructura circular, haciendo un recorrido curvado hasta el perímetro del diámetro interior, a 300° angulares. A lo largo de este recorrido se le posicionan estratégicamente cinco deflectores (126), absolutamente independientes entre sí, cuya conexión (127) de pivote empieza donde termina el siguiente deflector (126), con la finalidad de controlar el flujo de viento que llega al rotor en 150° angulares. Que donde termina cada uno de los deflectores (126) independientes, tiene un brazo (128) pivotante conectado por la cara interna hasta un motor posicionado en el perímetro del DEFLECTOR (125) SEPTIMO cuya misión es la de variar el ángulo de ataque deflectando el viento. 17 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 16 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the baffle (125) SEVENTH, horizontal and vertical component metal structures , covered by metal foil, positioned as a wall from the perimeter of the outer diameter of the circular structure, making a curved path to the perimeter of the inner diameter, at 300 ° angles. Along this route, five deflectors (126) are positioned strategically, absolutely independent of each other, whose pivot connection (127) begins where the next deflector (126) ends, in order to control the wind flow that reaches the 150 ° angular rotor. That where each of the independent baffles (126) ends, has a pivoting arm (128) connected by the inner face to a motor positioned on the perimeter of the DEFLECTOR (125) SEVENTH whose mission is to vary the angle of attack by deflecting the wind.
18a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 17a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el último ENVOLVENTE (3) tiene una estructura (1 13) circular formada por sectores (114) circulares cuyo diámetro exterior es el mismo que el diámetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE (3) y el diámetro interior llega hasta los porta rodillos (22) y (23) posicionados en una estructura (1 1) metálica circular fija en el EJE (1 ), ambos diámetros conectados por radios (129) estructurales y cubiertos por lámina (116) metálica por la parte superior e inferior, que el diámetro más próximo al EJE (1 ) tiene una estructura (130) circular formada por sectores (131) circulares, en cuyo lado izquierdo tiene unas prolongaciones (132) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (133), dicha prolongación (132) rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (131) circular metálico en unos huecos (134) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (135) de longitud suficiente por la parte
superior del sector (131 ) circular que recibe a otro sector (131 ) circular para dejar abrazados los sectores (131) circulares metálicos, que la estructura (130) circular por los sectores (131 ) en el diámetro interior tienen una pieza (48) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en una ranura (136) en la parte exterior del sector (131 ) metálico circular que se sujeta por tornillos (137) por la parte superior del sector (131 ) metálico circular, y se encara al rebaje (48) con arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que mantiene el ENVOLVENTE (3) concéntrico al EJE (1 ), que la estructura (130) metálica circular formada por sectores (131 ) metálicos circulares por el diámetro interior en la parte inferior tiene una pieza (47) semicircular con prolongación rectangular desde la base del semicírculo hasta una ranura (138) en la cara que apoya en la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (139) por la parte exterior encarada al rebaje (43) circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ENVOLVENTE (3) apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ENVOLVENTE (3) en el EJE (1 ). 18 .- vertical axis wind turbine of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 17 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the last shell (3) has a structure (1 13) Circular formed by circular sectors (114) whose outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the ENVELOPE (3) and the inner diameter reaches the roller holders (22) and (23) positioned in a fixed circular metal structure (1 1) in the AXIS (1), both diameters connected by structural radii (129) and covered by metal sheet (116) at the top and bottom, that the diameter closest to the AXIS (1) has a circular structure (130) formed by sectors (131) circular, on whose left side it has rectangular metal extensions (132) with a hole (133), said rectangular extension (132) is inserted in the opposite face of the next circular sector (131) m in a rectangular hole (134), once positioned, a screw (135) of sufficient length is inserted through the part upper part of the circular sector (131) that receives another circular sector (131) to leave the circular metal sectors (131) embraced, that the structure (130) circulating through the sectors (131) in the inner diameter have a piece (48) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that supports a groove (136) on the outside of the sector (131) circular metal that is held by screws (137) by the top of the sector (131) circular metal, and faces the recess (48) with greater arc of the rollers (42), which keeps the ENVELOPE (3) concentric to the AXIS (1), than the circular metal structure (130) formed by metal sectors (131) Circular through the inner diameter at the bottom has a semicircular piece (47) with rectangular extension from the base of the semicircle to a groove (138) on the face that supports on the bottom, fastened by screws (139) on the outside enc plow to the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the ENVELOPE (3) supported axially allowing the rotation of the ENVELOPE (3) in the AXIS (1).
19a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 18a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ENVOLVENTE (3) por la parte más próxima al suelo, tiene unas estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada formada por elementos metálicos estructurales, donde la base mayor de las estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada están unidas a la parte inferior de la base del ENVOLVENTE (3) desde el diámetro mayor a el diámetro menor del ENVOLVENTE (3), y la base menor de las estructuras (140) metálicas con forma de pirámide rectangular truncada, tiene una plataforma (141 ) que tiene un motor eléctrico que por medio de engranes hará girar cuatro ruedas metálicas cuyo perímetro circular tiene un rebaje que apoya en dos raíles (142) concéntricos al EJE (1 ), que permite orientar el ENVOLVENTE (3) con los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA a barlovento, que el ENVOLVENTE (3) para turbinas de hasta 10 kilovatios (kw), tendrá en la parte superior por su parte superior un timón (143) a modo de veleta solidariamente unida al ENVOLVENTE (3), que direccionará al ENVOLVENTE (3) a barlovento. 19 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 18 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the housing (3) for the part closest to the ground, having metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid formed by structural metal elements, where the major base of the metal structures (140) in the form of a truncated rectangular pyramid are attached to the bottom of the base of the ENVELOPE (3) from the diameter greater than the smaller diameter of the ENVELOPE (3), and the smaller base of the truncated rectangular pyramid-shaped metal structures (140), has a platform (141) that has an electric motor that by means of gears will rotate four metal wheels whose circular perimeter has a recess that supports two rails (142) concentric to the AXIS (1), which allows the ENVELOPE (3) to be oriented with the DEFLEC TORES (1 17) of windward ENTRANCE, that the ENVELOPE (3) for turbines of up to 10 kilowatts (kw), will have a rudder (143) at the top by way of a wind vane in solidarity with the ENVELOPE (3 ), which will direct the ENVOLVENTE (3) to windward.
20a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 19a
reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ENVOLVENTE (3) se dota de unos perfiles (144) metálicos verticales a modo de persianas en la parte frontal entre cada uno de los DEFLECTORES (1 17) DE ENTRADA del ENVOLVENTE (3) con la misma altura de una etapa por cada ENVOLVENTE (3) en sentido vertical, que tienen un motor (145) con medios suficientes para permitir el giro de los perfiles (144) metálicos verticales, regulando la entrada del viento al interior del ENVOLVENTE (3). 20 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 19 to claim, both inclusive, is characterized in that the ENVELOPE (3) is provided with vertical metal profiles (144) as blinds in the front between each of the ENVELOPE ENTRY DEFLECTORS (1 17) with the same height of one stage for each SURROUND (3) in the vertical direction, which have a motor (145) with sufficient means to allow the rotation of the vertical metal profiles (144), regulating the entry of the wind into the ENVELOPE (3) .
21a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 20a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque cada ENVOLVENTE (3) en turbinas multimegavatios tiene una zona (146) en la parte posterior cerca de los deflectores (1 18) de salida, que se puede habilitar como oficinas de control, zona habitacional tipo condominio con un número de viviendas por nivel, para la residencia de los empleados y sus familias, con todos los servicios, como drenaje, agua potable, electricidad residencial, telefonía, ascensores, escaleras, ventanas en el perímetro exterior del ENVOLVENTE (3), accesos para personas con capacidades diferentes, ya que, el acceso de ascensores (147) está a nivel del suelo con rampa (148). 21 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 20 to claim inclusive, characterized in that each shell (3) in multi - megawatt turbines has an area (146) at the back near the exit baffles (1 18), which can be enabled as control offices, condominium housing area with a number of homes per level, for the residence of employees and their families, with all services , such as drainage, drinking water, residential electricity, telephony, elevators, stairs, windows in the outer perimeter of the ENVELOPE (3), access for people with different capacities, since, the access of elevators (147) is at ground level with ramp (148).
22a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 21a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el TREN DE POTENCIA (4) está compuesto por tres grupos de elementos, una parte fija en el EJE (1 ), una parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE (149), y la conexión que acopla por CONECTORES (106) MACHOS YCONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS al ROTOR (2). que la parte fija situada permanentemente a una altura cerca de la base del EJE (1 ) justo debajo del primer ROTOR (2) consta de dos estructuras (11 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23), posicionando las estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para la parte inferior y superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) permanentemente fijas en el EJE (1 ). 22 .- wind vertical axis polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 to 21 to claim inclusive, characterized turbine because the power train (4) is composed of three groups of elements , a fixed part in the AXIS (1), a moving part GEAR HOLDER (149), and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTOR (107) FEMALE to the ROTOR (2). that the fixed part permanently located at a height near the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consists of two circular metal structures (11) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the structures (1 1) circular metallic parallel to the ground for the lower and upper part of the POWER TRAIN (4) permanently fixed on the AXIS (1).
23a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 22a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque la parte móvil PORTA ENGRANE (149) está compuesta por una estructura (150) metálica circular y paralela al suelo con forma de C, cuyo propósito es la de servir como un portador
de una corona (151 ) dentada, la estructura (150) metálica circular está formada por sectores (152) circulares metálicos con un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y en la parte más próxima inferior hay una ranura (153) en el perímetro del sector (152) circular donde se ubican porciones de engrane (154) que se sujetan por tornillos (155). 23 .- wind turbine vertical axis polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 to 22 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the movable part PORTA gear (149) is composed of a structure ( 150) metal circular and parallel to the C-shaped floor, whose purpose is to serve as a carrier of a toothed crown (151), the circular metal structure (150) is formed by metallic circular sectors (152) with a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and in the nearest lower part there is a groove (153) in the perimeter of the circular sector (152) where gear portions (154) that are fastened by screws (155) are located.
24a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 23a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (150) metálica circular con los sectores (152) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1 ), tienen unas ranuras (156) donde se coloca una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (156) en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (157) por la parte exterior del sector (152) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (43) de forma circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el PORTA ENGRANE (149) apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del TREN DE POTENCIA (4). 24 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 23 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the structure ( 150) circular metal with circular metal sectors (152) on the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), have grooves (156) where a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension is placed, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (156) in the upper part in the lower part and in the lower part in the lower part, fastened by screws (157) on the outside of the metallic circular sector (152), facing to the recess (43) of circular form of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) supported axially allowing the rotation of the POWER TRAIN (4).
25a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 24a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (150) metálica circular con los sectores (152) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1 ), tienen unas ranuras (158) donde se coloca una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (158) en la parte superior por la parte exterior y en la parte inferior por la parte exterior, sujetas por tornillos (159) por la parte superior del sector (152) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (48) de forma circular de arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el PORTA ENGRANE (149) ajustado vertical y lateralmente, permitiendo la rotación del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) centrado al EJE ( ). 25 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 24 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the structure ( 150) circular metal with circular metal sectors (152) on the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), have grooves (158) where a semicircular metal part (49) with rectangular extension is placed, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (158) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws (159) by the top of the circular metal sector (152), facing to the recess (48) of circular form of major arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the GEAR HOLDER (149) adjusted vertically and laterally, allowing the rotation of the POWER TRAIN (4) centered to the AXIS ().
26a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 25a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el lateral de un sector PORTA ENGRANE (149) tiene unas prolongaciones (160) metálicas
rectangulares con un orificio (161 ), dicha prolongación (160) rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector PORTA ENGRANE (149) en unos huecos (162) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (163) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector ( 52) que recibe a otro sector (152) para dejar abrazados los sectores PORTA ENGRANES (149). 26 .- vertical axis wind turbine of polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 25 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the side of a sector PORTA gear (149) has extensions ( 160) metallic rectangular with a hole (161), said rectangular extension (160) is inserted in the opposite face of the following sector GEAR HOLDER (149) in rectangular holes (162), once positioned they are introduced a screw (163) of sufficient length by the upper part of the sector (52) that receives another sector (152) to leave the PORTA ENGRANES sectors (149) embraced.
27a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 26a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS están posicionados en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4) coincidiendo el diámetro interior de los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS con el diámetro exterior de los CONECTORES (106) MACHOS metálicos cilindricos que se introducen en unos huecos (108) circulares realizados en la base del ROTOR (2) atravesándolos por la parte superior de la base del ROTOR (2) y saliendo por la parte inferior de la base del ROTOR (2) e introduciéndose en los CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS en la parte superior del TREN DE POTENCIA (4), coincidiendo el mismo número de CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS con el de CONECTORES (106) MACHOS. 27 .- Wind turbine with vertical axis with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 to 26 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the connectors (107) FEMALES are positioned on top of TREN POWER (4) coinciding with the inside diameter of the CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE with the outside diameter of the CONNECTORS (106) Cylindrical metallic MALE that are introduced in circular holes (108) made in the base of the ROTOR (2) through them the upper part of the base of the ROTOR (2) and coming out from the bottom of the base of the ROTOR (2) and entering the CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE on the top of the POWER TRAIN (4), coinciding with the same number CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE with CONNECTORS (106) MALE.
28a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 27a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque las porciones (154) de engrane unidas entre sí por el valle (164) del diente del engrane (154) conforman una corona circular dentada, que transmitirá la potencia del ROTOR (2) a los generadores (165) situados en el suelo, transmitiendo la potencia a otros engranes (166) de diferente diámetro, siendo el número de generadores (165) múltiplo de dos, es decir, que se pueden poner dos, cuatro, etc . , permitiendo el cierre de los circuitos de generación en función de la velocidad del viento, para el caso de que la transmisión de la potencia no sea directa. 28 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 27 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the portions (154) meshing together by the valley ( 164) of the gear tooth (154) form a circular toothed crown, which will transmit the power of the ROTOR (2) to the generators (165) located on the ground, transmitting the power to other gears (166) of different diameter, the number of generators (165) multiple of two, that is, two, four, etc. , allowing the closing of the generation circuits depending on the wind speed, in case the power transmission is not direct.
29a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 21a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque los GENERADORES (5) que la invención propone están basados en GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes, que pueden ser con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior o con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, que los GENERADORES
(5) síncronos de ¡manes permanentes está compuesto por tres grupos de elementos, una parte fija con dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23) y los ESTATORES (169) interior en el EJE (1 ) o ESTATORES (170) exterior fijo, una parte móvil ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior o con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, y la conexión que acopla por CONECTORES (106) MACHOS Y CONECTORES (107) HEMBRAS al ROTOR (2). 29 to .- Wind turbine with vertical axis with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with separate couplings, according to 1 to 21 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the generators (5) proposed by the invention they are based on synchronous generators of permanent magnets, which can be with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside or with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside, that the GENERATORS (5) Synchronous permanent magnets are composed of three groups of elements, a fixed part with two circular metal structures (1 1) with roller holders (22) and (23) and the internal STATORS (169) in the AXIS ( 1) o STATORS (170) fixed exterior, a moving part ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) exterior or with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) interior, and the connection that connects by CONNECTORS (106) MALE AND CONNECTORS (107) FEMALE to the ROTOR ( 2).
30a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 29a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, están compuestos por dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares con los porta rodillos (22) y (23), posicionando las estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para la parte inferior y superior del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior permanentemente fijas en el EJE (1 ), que los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, consta de una parte fija situada permanentemente en la base del EJE (1 ) justo debajo del primer ROTOR (2) que consta de dos estructuras (1 1 ) metálicas circulares paralelas al suelo para la parte inferior y superior del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, entre estas dos estructuras ( 1 ) metálicas circulares se colocará una estructura (171) metálica circular, compuesta por sectores (172) metálicos circulares sujetos permanentemente por tomillos a la estructura ( 1 ) metálica circular en el EJE (1 ), posicionándoles unas bobinas (173) alargadas y devanadas de cobre barnizado en el perímetro de la estructura (171 ) metálica circular, a este conjunto de bobinas las llamaremos ESTATORES (169). 30 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 29 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the generators (5) permanent magnet synchronous rotor magnet holder ( 167) outside, they are composed of two circular metal structures (1 1) with the roller holders (22) and (23), positioning the circular metal structures (1 1) parallel to the ground for the bottom and top of the MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR ( 167) permanently fixed outside in the AXIS (1), that the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside, consists of a fixed part permanently located in the base of the AXIS (1) just below the first ROTOR (2) consisting of two circular metal structures (1 1) parallel to the ground for the lower and upper part of the ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside, between these two metallic structures (1) circul ares a circular metal structure (171), composed of circular metal sectors (172) permanently attached by thymes to the circular metal structure (1) in the AXIS (1), placing elongated coils and windings (173) of varnished copper in the perimeter of the circular metal structure (171), we will call this set of coils STATORS (169).
31a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 30a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el ESTATOR (169) tiene una estructura (169a) metálica circular formada por sectores (169b) metálicos circulares, donde cada sector (169b) en el lado izquierdo por la cara exterior tiene unas prolongaciones (169c) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (169d), dicha prolongación (169c) metálica rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (169b) metálico circular del ESTATOR (169) en unos huecos (169e) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (169f) de
longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (169b) metálico circular que recibe a otro sector (169b) metálico circular para dejar abrazados los sectores (169b) metálicos circulares del ESTATOR (169), que los GENERADORES síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, tienen una estructura (174) metálica circular formada por sectores (175) metálicos circulares, que están posicionados paralelamente al suelo con forma de C, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior. El ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior tiene el propósito de servir como un portador de imanes (176) permanentes, la estructura (171 ) metálica circular tiene un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior por el lado interior se posicionan verticalmente unos imanes (176) permanentes ventajosamente posicionados y encarados a las bobinas del ESTATOR (169), que por el diámetro menor la parte superior y la parte inferior están separadas a una distancia equivalente a la altura del ESTATOR (169) en la estructura (1 1 ) metálica circular fija que está posicionada en el EJE (1 ). 31 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 30 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the stator (169) has a structure (169a) formed a circular metal by circular metal sectors (169b), where each sector (169b) on the left side by the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (169c) with a hole (169d), said rectangular metal extension (169c) is introduced on the opposite face of the following circular metal sector (169b) of the ESTATOR (169) in rectangular holes (169e), once positioned, a screw (169f) of sufficient length for the upper part of the circular metallic sector (169b) that receives another circular metallic sector (169b) to leave the circular metallic sectors (169b) of the ESTATOR (169) embraced, than the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) outside, they have a circular metal structure (174) formed by circular metal sectors (175), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped floor, which in this case we will call outer MAGNET ROTOR (167). The ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (167) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (176), the circular metal structure (171) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part by the inner side vertically positioned permanent magnets (176) advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (169), which by the smaller diameter the upper part and the lower part are separated at a distance equivalent to the height of the ESTATOR (169 ) in the fixed circular metal structure (1 1) that is positioned in the AXIS (1).
32a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 31a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (171 ) metálica circular con los sectores (172) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1 ), tienen unas ranuras (177) donde se coloca una pieza (47) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (177) en la parte superior por la parte inferior y en la parte inferior por la parte inferior, sujetas por tornillos (178) por la parte exterior del sector (172) circular metálico, encarándose al rebaje (43) de forma circular de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, apoyado axialmente permitiendo la rotación del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior, que en el diámetro menor en la parte superior e inferior de la estructura (171 ) metálica circular con los sectores (172) metálicos circulares por la parte exterior más próxima al EJE (1 ), tienen unas ranuras (179) donde se coloca una pieza (49) metálica semicircular con prolongación rectangular, desde la base del semicírculo hasta la cara que apoya en el interior de la ranura (179) en la parte superior por la parte exterior y en la parte inferior por la parte exterior, sujetas por tornillos (180) por la parte superior del sector (172) circular metálico,
encarándose al rebaje (48) de forma circular de arco mayor de los rodillos (42), que sirve para mantener el ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior ajustado vertical y lateralmente, permitiendo la rotación del ROTOR PORTA IMANES (167) exterior centrado al EJE (1 ). 32 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 31 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the smaller diameter at the top and bottom of the structure ( 171) Circular metal with circular metal sectors (172) on the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), have grooves (177) where a semicircular metal part (47) with rectangular extension is placed, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (177) at the top by the bottom and at the bottom by the bottom, fastened by screws (178) by the outer part of the metal circular sector (172), facing to the circular recess (43) of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the outer MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) axially supported allowing the rotation of the outer MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167), which in the smaller diameter in the upper and lower part of the circular metal structure (171) with the circular metal sectors (172) on the outer part closest to the AXIS (1), have grooves (179) where a piece (49 ) semicircular metal with rectangular extension, from the base of the semicircle to the face that rests inside the groove (179) at the top by the outside and at the bottom by the outside, fastened by screws (180) on the upper part of the circular metal sector (172), facing the recess (48) in a circular manner with a larger arc of the rollers (42), which serves to keep the outer MAGNET ROTOR (167) adjusted vertically and laterally, allowing the rotation of the outer MAGNET HOLDER ROTOR (167) centered on the AXIS (one ).
33a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1a hasta la 32a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, tienen una estructura (181) metálica circular formada por sectores (182) metálicos circulares, que están posicionados paralelamente al suelo con forma de C, que en este caso llamaremos ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior. El ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) exterior tiene el propósito de servir como un portador de ¡manes (183) permanentes, la estructura (181 ) metálica circular tiene un diámetro mayor y otro menor, en el diámetro mayor y entre la parte superior e inferior por el lado interior se posicionan verticalmente unos imanes (183) permanentes ventajosamente posicionados y encarados a las bobinas del ESTATOR (170), que el ESTATOR (170) de los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, está posicionado en una estructura33 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 32 to claim inclusive, characterized in that the generators (5) permanent magnet synchronous rotor magnet holder ( 168) inside, they have a circular metal structure (181) formed by circular metal sectors (182), which are positioned parallel to the C-shaped floor, which in this case we will call inner MAGNET ROTOR (168). The ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) has the purpose of serving as a carrier of permanent magnets (183), the circular metal structure (181) has a larger and a smaller diameter, in the larger diameter and between the upper and lower part on the inner side, permanent magnets (183) are positioned vertically advantageously positioned and facing the coils of the ESTATOR (170), than the ESTATOR (170) of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with internal MAGNET HOLDER (168) , is positioned in a structure
(184) de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, teniendo en la parte superior y en todo el perímetro unas piezas (185) metálicas cilindricas con un orificio roscado en su interior y en la parte exterior unas garras (186) para poder quedar ancladas dentro de la estructura (184) de concreto circular, la parte superior de la pieza(184) of circular concrete, as a support, having cylindrical metal parts (185) with a threaded hole inside and on the outside, claws (186) to be anchored on the top and around the perimeter inside the structure (184) of circular concrete, the upper part of the piece
(185) metálica cilindrica queda al ras de la estructura (184) de concreto en la parte superior, que el ESTATOR (170) tiene una estructura (187) metálica circular formada por sectores (188) metálicos circulares en cuya base tiene una placa (189) metálica con orificios (190) donde unos tornillos (191) se roscan en las piezas (185) metálicas cilindricas roscadas quedando los sectores (188) circulares del ESTATOR (170) anclados a la estructura (184) de concreto circular, que cada sector (188) metálico circular del ESTATOR (170) en el lado izquierdo por la cara exterior tiene unas prolongaciones (170a) metálicas rectangulares con un orificio (170b), dicha prolongación (170a) metálica rectangular se introduce en la cara opuesta del siguiente sector (188) metálico circular del ESTATOR (170) en unos huecos (170c) rectangulares, una vez posicionados se les introduce un tornillo (170d) de longitud suficiente por la parte superior del sector (188) metálico circular
que recibe a otro sector (188) metálico circular para dejar abrazados los sectores (188) metálicos circulares del ESTATOR (170), que el ESTATOR (170) de los GENERADORES (5) síncronos de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, está posicionado en una estructura (184) de concreto circular, a modo de soporte, tiene una entrada (192) de acceso para poder entrar a la TORRE (1 ). (185) cylindrical metal is flush with the concrete structure (184) at the top, that the ESTATOR (170) has a circular metal structure (187) formed by circular metal sectors (188) at whose base it has a plate ( 189) metal with holes (190) where screws (191) are threaded into the threaded cylindrical metal parts (185) leaving the circular sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) anchored to the circular concrete structure (184), which each Circular metal sector (188) of the ESTATOR (170) on the left side by the outer face has rectangular metal extensions (170a) with a hole (170b), said rectangular metal extension (170a) is introduced on the opposite side of the next sector (188) circular metal of the ESTATOR (170) in rectangular holes (170c), once positioned, a screw (170d) of sufficient length is inserted through the upper part of the circular metal sector (188) which receives another circular metal sector (188) to leave the circular metal sectors (188) of the ESTATOR (170) embraced, than the ESTATOR (170) of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATORS (5) with internal MAGNET ROTOR (168) , is positioned in a circular concrete structure (184), as a support, has an access entrance (192) to enter the TOWER (1).
34a.- Turbina eólica de eje vertical con deflector envolvente escalable polivalente con acoplamientos independientes, de acuerdo con la 1 a hasta la 33a reivindicación, ambas inclusive, se caracteriza porque el GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior con el ESTATOR (170) del GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior, ambos se pueden posicionar en una estructura (193) de concreto circular y de manera concéntrica a otro GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior conectado y posicionado en el EJE (1 ) con el ESTATOR (170) del GENERADOR (5) síncrono de imanes permanentes con ROTOR PORTA IMANES (168) interior.
34 .- vertical axis wind turbine with polyvalent scalable surround deflector with independent couplings, according to 1 to 33 to claim inclusive, that the generator (5) permanent magnet synchronous rotor magnet holder characterized ( 168) inside with the ESTATOR (170) of the permanent magnet synchronous GENERATOR (5) with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside, both can be positioned in a circular concrete structure (193) and concentrically to another GENERATOR (5) synchronous permanent magnet with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside connected and positioned in the AXIS (1) with the ESTATOR (170) of the GENERATOR (5) synchronous permanent magnet with ROTOR MAGNET HOLDER (168) inside.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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MX2012000581A MX2012000581A (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | Vertical-axis wind turbine with scalable polyvalent stator deflector with independent couplings. |
MXMX/A/2012/000581 | 2012-01-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2013105843A1 true WO2013105843A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
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ID=48781713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/MX2013/000005 WO2013105843A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2013-01-09 | Vertical-axis wind turbine with multipurpose scalable surrounding baffle having independent couplings |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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MX (1) | MX2012000581A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013105843A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3913948A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1991-01-03 | Ulrich Bufe | Vertical wind turbine on a carrier mast - makes use of screen attached to weather vane |
US6270308B1 (en) * | 1998-11-21 | 2001-08-07 | Wilhelm Groppel | Wind generator |
US20020153728A1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-24 | Wilhelm Groppel | Wind turbine |
WO2010137929A1 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Abuzed Nagi Dabbab | Shield means for wind turbine |
-
2012
- 2012-01-12 MX MX2012000581A patent/MX2012000581A/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 WO PCT/MX2013/000005 patent/WO2013105843A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3913948A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1991-01-03 | Ulrich Bufe | Vertical wind turbine on a carrier mast - makes use of screen attached to weather vane |
US6270308B1 (en) * | 1998-11-21 | 2001-08-07 | Wilhelm Groppel | Wind generator |
US20020153728A1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-24 | Wilhelm Groppel | Wind turbine |
WO2010137929A1 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Abuzed Nagi Dabbab | Shield means for wind turbine |
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