WO2013080282A1 - Headup display and control method - Google Patents

Headup display and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013080282A1
WO2013080282A1 PCT/JP2011/077402 JP2011077402W WO2013080282A1 WO 2013080282 A1 WO2013080282 A1 WO 2013080282A1 JP 2011077402 W JP2011077402 W JP 2011077402W WO 2013080282 A1 WO2013080282 A1 WO 2013080282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical member
light source
amount
head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/077402
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吉彦 竹中
Original Assignee
パイオニア株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パイオニア株式会社 filed Critical パイオニア株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2011/077402 priority Critical patent/WO2013080282A1/en
Priority to JP2013546865A priority patent/JP5753590B2/en
Publication of WO2013080282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013080282A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/60—Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/33—Illumination features
    • B60K2360/334—Projection means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
    • B60K2360/771—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on the ceiling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
    • B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for displaying information.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technology that includes a housing and a combiner that house a display source, and visually recognizes predetermined information as a virtual image via the combiner.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a light receiving element is provided in a light source unit, and the optical axis shift of the three-color laser is corrected based on the timing at which the light receiving element receives light.
  • JP 2002-052953 A JP 2010-020087
  • a head-up display that allows a virtual image to be visually recognized through an optical member such as a combiner, discoloration due to sunlight, cigarette dust, and other dirt adhere to the optical member and the light source unit's exit window (field lens) with age.
  • permeability of an output window and the reflectance of an optical member fall, and there exists a subject that the brightness
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a head-up display capable of suppressing a decrease in visual luminance even when optical characteristics change due to aging.
  • the main purpose is to provide.
  • an optical member having predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and allowing the user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image.
  • an optical member having a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image.
  • the invention according to claim 10 is a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image, and the light quantity of the light via the optical member; Control is performed to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the light emitted from a light source and the amount of light not passing through the optical member.
  • the invention according to claim 11 has an optical member having a predetermined reflectivity, allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and a light source for irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image.
  • a light receiving means for receiving the light via the optical member, and an adjusting means for adjusting the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on the amount of the light received by the light receiving means.
  • the invention according to claim 13 is a control method executed by a control unit of a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image.
  • the optical member is controlled to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the light amount via the light source and the light emitted from the light source but not via the optical member. It has the process to perform.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic block diagram of the head-up display which concerns on 1st Example. It is a perspective view of the head up display concerning the 1st example. It is the figure which showed the area
  • the head-up display has a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, an optical member that allows a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and for forming the virtual image.
  • the head-up display includes an optical member such as a combiner, a light source that emits light for forming a virtual image, and an adjustment unit.
  • the adjusting means adjusts the intensity of the light emitted from the light source according to the difference between the amount of light reflected by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not reflected by the optical member.
  • the reflectance of the optical member decreases due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarette dust and other dirt.
  • the above-described head-up display has the intensity of light emitted from the light source, the amount of light emitted from the light source reflected by the optical member, that is, the light emitted from the light source affected by the aging of the optical member.
  • the intensity of the light emitted from the light source is adjusted based on the difference between the amount of light emitted from the light source that is not reflected by the optical member, that is, the amount of light emitted from the light source that eliminates the influence of aging of the optical member.
  • the head-up display can adjust the light quantity of the emitted light of a light source suitably, and can suppress the visual brightness fall.
  • the head-up display has a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and an optical member that allows a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and for forming the virtual image.
  • a light source for irradiating the optical member with light, an intensity of light emitted from the light source, an amount of the light transmitted by the optical member, and the light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the optical member.
  • Adjusting means for adjusting according to the difference from the amount of light not to be transmitted.
  • the transmissivity of the light source exit window and the optical member is lowered due to aged deterioration caused by discoloration due to sunlight, cigarette dust and other dirt.
  • the above-described head-up display has a difference in the intensity of light emitted from the light source between the amount of light emitted from the light source transmitted by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source not transmitted through the optical member.
  • the intensity of the emitted light from the light source is adjusted based on the above.
  • the head-up display can adjust the light quantity of the emitted light of a light source suitably, and can suppress the visual brightness fall.
  • the head-up display includes a light receiving unit that receives the light reflected from the optical member, and the adjustment unit is configured to control the intensity of the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit. Adjust.
  • the head-up display can preferably detect the amount of light emitted from the light source reflected from the optical member and adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source.
  • the head-up display includes a light receiving unit that receives the light transmitted through the optical member, and the adjustment unit is configured to control the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit. Adjust the strength.
  • the head-up display can preferably detect the amount of light emitted from the light source that has passed through the optical member and adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source.
  • the light receiving means is provided with a cover for blocking outside light.
  • the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
  • the head-up display further includes an arm that connects the light source and the optical member, and the light receiving means is attached to the arm.
  • the light receiving unit can preferably receive the light emitted from the light source reflected from the optical member.
  • the optical member is formed so as to guide light other than light constituting a display image out of the light emitted from the optical member to the light receiving means.
  • the head-up display can preferably adjust the light amount of the light emitted from the light source by causing the light receiving means to receive the light emitted from the light source via the optical member.
  • the light receiving means is provided with a filter that allows only light having a wavelength of light emitted from the light source to pass therethrough. According to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
  • the adjusting unit adjusts the intensity of the light based on a difference in light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit before and after the light source emits light. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
  • a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image
  • the light amount of the light via the optical member is controlled to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to the difference between the light emitted from the light source and the amount of light not passing through the optical member.
  • the head-up display can suitably adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a reduction in luminance on visual observation.
  • an optical member having a predetermined reflectance and causing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and light for forming the virtual image are applied to the optical member.
  • the head-up display can suitably adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a reduction in luminance on visual observation.
  • the adjusting unit is configured to pass through the optical member when the light amount received by the light receiving unit and optical characteristics of the optical member and the light source are not deteriorated.
  • the intensity of light emitted from the light source is adjusted based on the difference from the amount of light. Since the difference between these light amounts is caused by the deterioration of the optical characteristics of the optical member and the light source, the head-up display adjusts the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on the difference between these light amounts.
  • the visual luminance can be suitably kept constant.
  • a control method executed by a control unit of a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image.
  • the optical member is irradiated with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the amount of the light passing through the optical member and the amount of the light emitted from the light source but not through the optical member.
  • a step of controlling By executing this control method, the control unit of the head-up display can appropriately adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a decrease in visual luminance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the head-up display 100 according to the first embodiment includes a light source unit 1, a combiner 2, an arm 3, a light receiving element 5, and support members 11a and 11b.
  • the head-up display 100 is mounted on a vehicle including a front window 20, a ceiling portion 22, a hood 23, and a dashboard 24.
  • the light source unit 1 is attached to the ceiling portion 22 in the passenger compartment via the support members 11a and 11b, and constitutes a display image indicating map information including the current location, route guidance information, traveling speed, and other information for assisting driving. Is emitted toward the combiner 2. Specifically, the light source unit 1 generates an original image (real image) of the display image in the light source unit 1 based on the control of the control unit 10, and emits light constituting the image to the combiner 2. The driver is made to visually recognize the virtual image “Iv”.
  • the combiner 2 is sandwiched so as to be rotatable by two arms 3 extending from the light source unit 1. Then, the combiner 2 projects the display image emitted from the light source unit 1 and reflects the display image to the position of the driver's eyes (also referred to as “eye point Pe”), thereby virtualizing the display image. It is displayed as Iv.
  • the combiner 2 is an example of the “optical member” in the present invention.
  • the light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 and reflected by the combiner 2.
  • the light receiving element 5 is a photoelectric conversion element such as a photodetector, and supplies a detection signal, which is an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of received laser light, to the control unit 10.
  • the light receiving element 5 is attached to the arm 3.
  • the light receiving element 5 is provided with a filter that allows only light having wavelengths of red laser light, blue laser light, and green laser light emitted from the light source unit 1 to pass therethrough. Thereby, the light receiving element 5 detects only the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2 while preventing fluctuations in the detection value of the light amount due to external light. Specific arrangement of the light receiving element 5 in this embodiment will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the control unit 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like (not shown) and performs general control of the head-up display 100. Specifically, as will be described later, the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount (intensity) of light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detection signal received from the light receiving element 5.
  • the control unit 10 is an example of the “adjustment unit” in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a perspective view of the head-up display 100.
  • the light receiving element 5 is a position where the light emitted from the light source unit 1 does not directly hit, and a part of the light (light beam) reflected from the combiner 2 among the light emitted from the light source unit 1. (See “L2”).
  • the light receiving element 5 is provided on a side surface that holds the combiner 2 of the arm 3A formed in a plate shape.
  • the light receiving element 5 is light (also referred to as “light outside the drawing”) other than light (also referred to as “drawing light”) that constitutes an image to be presented to the user among the light emitted from the light source unit 1. It is provided at a position irradiated through the combiner 2. This will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an area of the combiner 2 that is irradiated by the light emitted from the light source unit 1.
  • the combiner 2 has an irradiation region 30 that is a range irradiated with light emitted from the light source unit 1.
  • the irradiation region 30 includes a drawing light irradiation region 31 that is a region irradiated with drawing light, a drawing external light irradiation region 32 that is a region irradiated with drawing external light (the hatched portion in FIG. 3), Have
  • the light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected by the non-drawing light irradiation region 32 in the irradiation region 30.
  • the light corresponding to the light beam “L1” reaching the eye point Pe shown in FIG. 2 is reflected by the drawing light irradiation region 31 shown in FIG. 3 and the light corresponding to the light beam L2 of FIG. Is reflected by the external light irradiation region 32 shown in FIG.
  • the outside light drawing region 32 of the combiner 2 or a part thereof has a curved shape so that the reflected light of the outside light reaches the light receiving element 5.
  • the light receiving element 5 is preferably The light outside the drawing reflected by 2 can be received.
  • the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the light amount (also referred to as “detected light amount”) indicated by the detection signal supplied from the light receiving element 5.
  • the control unit 10 estimates the degree of decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe due to the decrease in the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 or the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount, and calculates the decrease in the luminance.
  • feedback control is performed to adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1.
  • the head-up display 100 allows the user to stably visually recognize the virtual image Iv having a constant luminance even when the reflectivity or the like of the combiner 2 is reduced due to deterioration over time.
  • the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 according to the difference between the detected light amount acquired from the light receiving element 5 and a predetermined reference light amount (also referred to as “reference light amount”).
  • the reference light amount is set to, for example, the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 when it is not reflected by the combiner 2.
  • the reference light amount is, for example, a command (target) value of the light amount when the light source unit 1 emits light.
  • the reference light amount may be a detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 when the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 or the light source unit 1 have not deteriorated over time.
  • the reference light amount is set to, for example, the detected light amount when the light receiving element 5 first detects the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2, that is, the initial value of the detected light amount.
  • the control unit 10 After calculating the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, the control unit 10 obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount to be emitted to the light source unit 1 by referring to, for example, a map stored in advance in the memory. . And the control part 10 correct
  • the control unit 10 has the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 and the light source unit 1 such as EPE (Exit Pupil Expander) due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarettes and dirt, etc. Even in the case of deterioration, a decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe can be suitably suppressed.
  • EPE Exit Pupil Expander
  • the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the light receiving element 5 receives light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2.
  • symbol is attached
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the head-up display 100A in the second embodiment.
  • the head-up display 100 ⁇ / b> A is provided with a support portion 8 having one end fixed to the combiner 2 and extending in a direction opposite to the position where the arm 3 ⁇ / b> A exists.
  • the light receiving element 5 is fixed to the other end of the support portion 8. In this configuration, the light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2 (see the light beam “L3”). At this time, the light receiving element 5 receives light that is not drawn light but has passed through the combiner 2 so as not to prevent the user from visually recognizing the virtual image Iv.
  • the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount indicated by the detection signal supplied from the light receiving element 5 that receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2.
  • the output windows of the combiner 2 and the light source unit 1 are deteriorated in optical characteristics including transmittance due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarettes and dirt, and the like.
  • the luminance of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 that reaches the eye point Pe decreases with time.
  • the control unit 10 estimates the degree of decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe based on the detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 that receives the transmitted light of the combiner 2. Feedback control for adjusting the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 is performed so as to compensate for the decrease in luminance.
  • the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, as in the first embodiment.
  • the reference light amount is set to, for example, the light amount of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 that does not pass through the combiner 2.
  • the reference light amount is, for example, a command (target) value of the light amount when the light source unit 1 emits light.
  • the reference light amount may be a detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 when the emission window of the light source unit 1 or the combiner 2 has not deteriorated over time.
  • the reference light amount is set to, for example, the detected light amount when the light receiving element 5 first detects the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2, that is, the initial value of the detected light amount.
  • the control unit 10 obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount emitted to the light source unit 1, for example, by referring to a map stored in advance in the memory.
  • the above command value is corrected by the correction value.
  • the head-up display 100A can make the user visually recognize the virtual image Iv with a certain luminance even when the optical characteristics such as the emission window of the light source unit 1 have deteriorated over time.
  • the head-up display 100 has the arm 3, and the light receiving element 5 is attached to the arm 3.
  • the configuration to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this. Instead of this, the head-up display 100 may not have the arm 3. This case will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a head-up display 100B according to a modification.
  • the combiner 2 has a support shaft portion 7 installed on the ceiling portion 22 and rotates around the support shaft portion 7 as a support shaft.
  • the support shaft portion 7 is installed, for example, in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 22 near the upper end of the front window 20, in other words, in the vicinity of a position where a sun visor (not shown) for the driver is installed.
  • the support shaft portion 7 may be installed instead of the above-described sun visor.
  • the light receiving element 5 is attached to the light source unit 1. Specifically, the light receiving element 5 is fixed on the surface of the light source unit 1 facing the ceiling portion 22. As in the first embodiment, the light receiving element 5 is formed by curving a part or all of the drawing external light irradiation region 32 (see FIG. 3) of the combiner 2. The reflected external light for drawing is received.
  • the arm 3 is not an essential configuration of the head-up display according to the present invention, and the light receiving element 5 that receives the reflected light of the combiner 2 is not limited to being fixed to the arm 3 or the like, You may install in the optical unit 1, the ceiling part 22, etc. FIG.
  • the position of the light receiving element 5 is fixed by the support portion 8 separate from the arm 3A, but the configuration to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this.
  • the end portion of the arm 3 ⁇ / b> A connected to the combiner 2 is extended in the direction in which the light source unit 1 emits light, and the light receiving element 5 is fixed to the extended end portion of the arm 3 ⁇ / b> A. May be.
  • the light receiving element 5 according to the second embodiment may be installed on the windshield 20 or the like.
  • the light receiving element 5 that receives the light transmitted through the combiner 2 is not limited to the case where the light receiving element 5 is installed on the support portion 8.
  • the light receiving element 5 includes a filter that allows only light having the wavelength of light emitted from the light source unit 1 to pass therethrough, and suppresses a change in the detected light amount due to external light.
  • the method for dealing with external light to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this.
  • the control unit 10 determines the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount before the light source unit 1 emits light and the detected light amount after the light source unit 1 emits light. adjust. Specifically, the control unit 10 regards the detected light amount before the light source unit 1 emits light as the amount of external light, and subtracts it from the detected light amount after the light source unit 1 emits light. And the control part 10 adjusts the light quantity of the emitted light of the light source unit 1 similarly to 1st Example and 2nd Example based on the detected light quantity after subtraction, and a reference light quantity. Also in this example, the control unit 10 calculates the detected light amount by appropriately subtracting the increase in the detected light amount due to the external light, and accurately adjusts the light amount emitted from the light source unit 1 by eliminating the influence of the external light. It becomes possible to do.
  • the light receiving element 5 is provided with a cover for blocking external light.
  • the cover may be, for example, a housing configured such that only the light emitted from the light source unit 1 via the combiner 2 is incident on the light receiving element 5, or other flexible ones.
  • the control unit 10 can accurately adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 by eliminating the influence of external light.
  • the first embodiment and the second embodiment may be combined.
  • a light receiving element 5 that receives the emitted light of the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2 and a light receiving element 5 that receives the emitted light of the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2 are provided.
  • the control part 10 adjusts the light quantity of the emitted light of the light source unit 1 by comparing with the reference
  • the light receiving element 5 is disposed at a position where the light reflected by the non-drawing light irradiation region 32 of the combiner 2 can be received. Instead of this, the light receiving element 5 is obstructive when the observer visually recognizes the virtual image Iv displayed by the drawing light even at a position where the light reflected by the drawing light irradiation region 31 of the combiner 2 can be received. It suffices if it is arranged at a position where it is difficult to become. In this case, when the combiner 2 is arrange
  • the control unit 10 does not need to control the light reflected by the external light irradiation region 32, and a test pattern (for example, lighting of a small white circle) for detecting the luminance intensity when the head-up display 100 is activated. ) Is emitted to the light source unit 1 to calculate the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount.
  • the control unit 10 After calculating the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, the control unit 10 refers to the map and obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount emitted to the light source unit 1. Instead of this, the control unit 10 does not prepare a map, but determines a change width (correction width) with respect to a command value of the amount of light emitted to the light source unit 1 in advance, and the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount.
  • the above-mentioned command value may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the above-mentioned command value by the change width so that becomes “0”.
  • the present invention can be suitably applied to a head-up display that allows a driver to visually recognize route guidance and vehicle information.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

This headup display is provided with: an optical member, such as a combiner; a light source, which outputs light for forming a virtual image; and an adjusting means. Corresponding to a difference between a quantity of light reflected by means of the optical member, and a quantity of light, which has been outputted from the light source and not reflected by means of the optical member, the adjusting means adjusts intensity of the light to be outputted from the light source.

Description

ヘッドアップディスプレイ及び制御方法Head-up display and control method
　本発明は、情報を表示する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a technique for displaying information.
　従来から、車両の運転に関する情報の表示画像を運転者の目の位置（アイポイント）から虚像として視認させる技術が存在する。例えば、特許文献１には、表示源を収容したハウジング及びコンバイナを有し、コンバイナを介して所定の情報を虚像として視認させる技術が開示されている。また、特許文献２には、光源ユニットに受光素子を設け、受光素子が受光するタイミングに基づき、３色レーザの光軸ずれを補正する技術が開示されている。 Conventionally, there is a technique for visually displaying a display image of information related to driving of a vehicle as a virtual image from the position (eye point) of the driver. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology that includes a housing and a combiner that house a display source, and visually recognizes predetermined information as a virtual image via the combiner. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a light receiving element is provided in a light source unit, and the optical axis shift of the three-color laser is corrected based on the timing at which the light receiving element receives light.
特開２００２－０５２９５３号公報JP 2002-052953 A 特開２０１０－０２００８７号公報JP 2010-020087
　コンバイナなどの光学部材を介して虚像を視認させるヘッドアップディスプレイにおいて、経年に伴って、日光による変色、たばこのヤニその他の汚れの付着が光学部材や光源ユニットの出射窓（フィールドレンズ）に発生することがある。この場合、出射窓の透過率や光学部材の反射率が低下し、目視上の輝度が下がるという課題がある。 In a head-up display that allows a virtual image to be visually recognized through an optical member such as a combiner, discoloration due to sunlight, cigarette dust, and other dirt adhere to the optical member and the light source unit's exit window (field lens) with age. Sometimes. In this case, the transmittance | permeability of an output window and the reflectance of an optical member fall, and there exists a subject that the brightness | luminance on visual observation falls.
　本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、経年劣化により光学特性が変化した場合であっても目視上の輝度の低下を抑制することが可能なヘッドアップディスプレイを提供することを主な目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a head-up display capable of suppressing a decrease in visual luminance even when optical characteristics change due to aging. The main purpose is to provide.
　請求項１に記載の発明は、所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって反射される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材で反射されない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、を有することを特徴とする。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical member having predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and allowing the user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image. The intensity of light emitted from the light source, and the difference between the amount of light reflected by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not reflected by the optical member. And adjusting means for adjusting according to the above.
　請求項２に記載の発明は、所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって透過される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を透過しない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、を有することを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical member having a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image. The intensity of light emitted from the light source, and the difference between the amount of light transmitted by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not transmitted through the optical member. And adjusting means for adjusting according to the above.
　請求項１０に記載の発明は、虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイにおいて、前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 10 is a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image, and the light quantity of the light via the optical member; Control is performed to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the light emitted from a light source and the amount of light not passing through the optical member.
　請求項１１に記載の発明は、所定の反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光学部材を介した前記光を受光する受光手段と、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づき前記光源から出射される光の強度を調整する調整手段と、を備えることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 11 has an optical member having a predetermined reflectivity, allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and a light source for irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image. A light receiving means for receiving the light via the optical member, and an adjusting means for adjusting the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on the amount of the light received by the light receiving means. To do.
　請求項１３に記載の発明は、虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイの制御部が実行する制御方法であって、前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御する工程を有することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 13 is a control method executed by a control unit of a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image. The optical member is controlled to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the light amount via the light source and the light emitted from the light source but not via the optical member. It has the process to perform.
第１実施例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイの概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the head-up display which concerns on 1st Example. 第１実施例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the head up display concerning the 1st example. コンバイナが照射される領域を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the area | region irradiated with a combiner. 第２実施例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the head-up display which concerns on 2nd Example. 変形例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイの概略構成を示す。The schematic structure of the head-up display which concerns on a modification is shown.
　本発明の１つの好適な実施形態では、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって反射される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材で反射されない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、を有する。 In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head-up display has a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, an optical member that allows a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and for forming the virtual image. A light source for irradiating the optical member with light, and an intensity of the light emitted from the light source, the amount of the light reflected by the optical member and the light emitted from the light source and reflected by the optical member. Adjusting means for adjusting according to a difference from the amount of light that is not performed.
　上記のヘッドアップディスプレイは、コンバイナなどの光学部材と、虚像を形成させるための光を出射する光源と、調整手段とを備える。調整手段は、光源から出射される光の強度を、光学部材によって反射される光の光量と光源から出射される光であって光学部材で反射されない光の光量との差に応じて調整する。 The head-up display includes an optical member such as a combiner, a light source that emits light for forming a virtual image, and an adjustment unit. The adjusting means adjusts the intensity of the light emitted from the light source according to the difference between the amount of light reflected by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not reflected by the optical member.
　一般に、日光による変色、たばこのヤニその他の汚れの付着等に起因して、光学部材の反射率等が低下する。以上を勘案し、上述のヘッドアップディスプレイは、光源から出射される光の強度を、光学部材によって反射される光源の出射光の光量、即ち光学部材の経年劣化による影響を受けた光源の出射光の光量と、光学部材で反射されない光源の出射光の光量、即ち光学部材の経年劣化による影響を排除した光源の出射光の光量との差に基づき光源の出射光の強度を調整する。これにより、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、好適に、光源の出射光の光量を調整し、目視上の輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 Generally, the reflectance of the optical member decreases due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarette dust and other dirt. Considering the above, the above-described head-up display has the intensity of light emitted from the light source, the amount of light emitted from the light source reflected by the optical member, that is, the light emitted from the light source affected by the aging of the optical member. The intensity of the light emitted from the light source is adjusted based on the difference between the amount of light emitted from the light source that is not reflected by the optical member, that is, the amount of light emitted from the light source that eliminates the influence of aging of the optical member. Thereby, the head-up display can adjust the light quantity of the emitted light of a light source suitably, and can suppress the visual brightness fall.
　本発明の他の好適な実施形態では、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって透過される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を透過しない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、を有する。 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head-up display has a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and an optical member that allows a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and for forming the virtual image. A light source for irradiating the optical member with light, an intensity of light emitted from the light source, an amount of the light transmitted by the optical member, and the light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the optical member. Adjusting means for adjusting according to the difference from the amount of light not to be transmitted.
　一般に、日光による変色、たばこのヤニその他の汚れの付着等に起因した経年劣化により、光源の出射窓や光学部材の透過率が低下する。以上を勘案し、上述のヘッドアップディスプレイは、光源から出射される光の強度を、光学部材によって透過される光源の出射光の光量と、光学部材を透過しない光源の出射光の光量との差に基づき光源の出射光の強度を調整する。これにより、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、好適に、光源の出射光の光量を調整し、目視上の輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 Generally, the transmissivity of the light source exit window and the optical member is lowered due to aged deterioration caused by discoloration due to sunlight, cigarette dust and other dirt. In consideration of the above, the above-described head-up display has a difference in the intensity of light emitted from the light source between the amount of light emitted from the light source transmitted by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source not transmitted through the optical member. The intensity of the emitted light from the light source is adjusted based on the above. Thereby, the head-up display can adjust the light quantity of the emitted light of a light source suitably, and can suppress the visual brightness fall.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの一態様では、前記光学部材から反射された前記光を受光する受光手段を有し、前記調整手段は、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整する。この態様により、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、好適に、光学部材から反射された光源の出射光の光量を検知し、光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In one aspect of the head-up display, the head-up display includes a light receiving unit that receives the light reflected from the optical member, and the adjustment unit is configured to control the intensity of the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit. Adjust. According to this aspect, the head-up display can preferably detect the amount of light emitted from the light source reflected from the optical member and adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記光学部材を透過した前記光を受光する受光手段を有し、前記調整手段は、当該受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整する。この態様により、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、好適に、光学部材を透過した光源の出射光の光量を検知し、光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the head-up display includes a light receiving unit that receives the light transmitted through the optical member, and the adjustment unit is configured to control the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit. Adjust the strength. According to this aspect, the head-up display can preferably detect the amount of light emitted from the light source that has passed through the optical member and adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記受光手段には、外光を遮断するためのカバーが設けられている。この態様によっても、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、外光の影響を受けることなく、好適に光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the light receiving means is provided with a cover for blocking outside light. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記光源と前記光学部材とを接続するアームをさらに備え、前記受光手段は、前記アームに取り付けられる。この態様により、好適に、受光手段は、光学部材から反射した光源の出射光を受光することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the head-up display further includes an arm that connects the light source and the optical member, and the light receiving means is attached to the arm. According to this aspect, the light receiving unit can preferably receive the light emitted from the light source reflected from the optical member.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記光学部材は、前記光学部材から出射された前記光のうち、表示画像を構成する光以外の光を前記受光手段へ導くように形成されている。この態様により、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、好適に、光学部材を介した光源の出射光を受光手段により受光させて、光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the optical member is formed so as to guide light other than light constituting a display image out of the light emitted from the optical member to the light receiving means. According to this aspect, the head-up display can preferably adjust the light amount of the light emitted from the light source by causing the light receiving means to receive the light emitted from the light source via the optical member.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記受光手段には、前記光源が出射する光の波長を有する光のみを通過させるフィルタが設けられている。この態様により、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、外光の影響を受けることなく、好適に光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the light receiving means is provided with a filter that allows only light having a wavelength of light emitted from the light source to pass therethrough. According to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの他の一態様では、前記調整手段は、前記光源が光を出射する前後での前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量の差に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整する。この態様によっても、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、外光の影響を受けることなく、好適に光源の出射光の光量を調整することができる。 In another aspect of the head-up display, the adjusting unit adjusts the intensity of the light based on a difference in light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit before and after the light source emits light. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source without being affected by external light.
　本発明の他の好適な実施形態では、虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイにおいて、前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御する。この態様によっても、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、光源の出射光の光量を好適に調整し、目視上の輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image, the light amount of the light via the optical member The optical member is controlled to irradiate the optical member with an intensity corresponding to the difference between the light emitted from the light source and the amount of light not passing through the optical member. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a reduction in luminance on visual observation.
　本発明の他の好適な実施形態では、所定の反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、前記光学部材を介した前記光を受光する受光手段と、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づき前記光源から出射される光の強度を調整する調整手段と、を備える。この態様によっても、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、光源の出射光の光量を好適に調整し、目視上の輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an optical member having a predetermined reflectance and causing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light, and light for forming the virtual image are applied to the optical member. A light source; a light receiving unit configured to receive the light via the optical member; and an adjusting unit configured to adjust the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a reduction in luminance on visual observation.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイの一態様では、前記調整手段は、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量と、前記光学部材及び前記光源の光学特性に劣化が生じていない場合における当該光学部材を介した前記光の光量との差に基づいて、前記光源から出射される光の強度を調整する。これらの光量の差は、光学部材や光源の光学特性の劣化に起因して生じたものであるため、ヘッドアップディスプレイは、これらの光量の差に基づき光源から出射される光の強度を調整することで、好適に目視上の輝度を一定に保つことができる。 In one aspect of the head-up display, the adjusting unit is configured to pass through the optical member when the light amount received by the light receiving unit and optical characteristics of the optical member and the light source are not deteriorated. The intensity of light emitted from the light source is adjusted based on the difference from the amount of light. Since the difference between these light amounts is caused by the deterioration of the optical characteristics of the optical member and the light source, the head-up display adjusts the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on the difference between these light amounts. Thus, the visual luminance can be suitably kept constant.
　本発明の他の好適な実施形態では、虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイの制御部が実行する制御方法であって、前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御する工程を有する。ヘッドアップディスプレイの制御部は、この制御方法を実行することで、光源の出射光の光量を好適に調整し、目視上の輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a control method executed by a control unit of a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image. The optical member is irradiated with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the amount of the light passing through the optical member and the amount of the light emitted from the light source but not through the optical member. A step of controlling. By executing this control method, the control unit of the head-up display can appropriately adjust the light amount of the emitted light from the light source, and can suppress a decrease in visual luminance.
　以下、図面を参照して本発明の好適な第１実施例及び第２実施例について説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　＜第１実施例＞
　図１は、第１実施例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ１００の概略構成図である。図１に示すように、第１実施例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ１００は、光源ユニット１と、コンバイナ２と、アーム３と、受光素子５と、支持部材１１ａ、１１ｂとを備える。そして、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００は、フロントウィンドウ２０と、天井部２２と、ボンネット２３と、ダッシュボード２４とを備える車両に搭載される。 <First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the head-up display 100 according to the first embodiment includes a light source unit 1, a combiner 2, an arm 3, a light receiving element 5, and support members 11a and 11b. The head-up display 100 is mounted on a vehicle including a front window 20, a ceiling portion 22, a hood 23, and a dashboard 24.
　光源ユニット１は、支持部材１１ａ、１１ｂを介して車室内の天井部２２に付設され、現在地を含む地図情報や経路案内情報、走行速度、その他運転を補助する情報を示す表示像を構成する光を、コンバイナ２に向けて出射する。具体的には、光源ユニット１は、制御部１０の制御に基づき、光源ユニット１内に表示像の元画像（実像）を生成し、その画像を構成する光をコンバイナ２へ出射することで、運転者に虚像「Ｉｖ」を視認させる。 The light source unit 1 is attached to the ceiling portion 22 in the passenger compartment via the support members 11a and 11b, and constitutes a display image indicating map information including the current location, route guidance information, traveling speed, and other information for assisting driving. Is emitted toward the combiner 2. Specifically, the light source unit 1 generates an original image (real image) of the display image in the light source unit 1 based on the control of the control unit 10, and emits light constituting the image to the combiner 2. The driver is made to visually recognize the virtual image “Iv”.
　コンバイナ２は、それぞれ光源ユニット１から延在する２つのアーム３により回動可能に挟持されている。そして、コンバイナ２は、光源ユニット１から出射される表示像が投影されると共に、表示像を運転者の目の位置（「アイポイントＰｅ」とも呼ぶ。）へ反射することで当該表示像を虚像Ｉｖとして表示させる。コンバイナ２は、本発明における「光学部材」の一例である。 The combiner 2 is sandwiched so as to be rotatable by two arms 3 extending from the light source unit 1. Then, the combiner 2 projects the display image emitted from the light source unit 1 and reflects the display image to the position of the driver's eyes (also referred to as “eye point Pe”), thereby virtualizing the display image. It is displayed as Iv. The combiner 2 is an example of the “optical member” in the present invention.
　受光素子５は、光源ユニット１から出射された光であって、コンバイナ２によって反射された反射光を受光する。受光素子５は、フォトディテクタなどの光電変換素子であり、受光したレーザ光の光量に応じた電気信号である検出信号を制御部１０に供給する。また、第１実施例では、受光素子５は、アーム３に取り付けられている。また、受光素子５は、光源ユニット１から出射される赤色レーザ光、青色レーザ光、及び緑色レーザ光の各波長を有する光のみを通過させるフィルタが設けられている。これにより、受光素子５は、外光に起因した光量の検出値の変動を防ぎつつ、コンバイナ２から反射された光源ユニット１の出射光の光量のみを検出する。本実施例における受光素子５の具体的な配置等については、図２及び図３を用いて後述する。 The light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 and reflected by the combiner 2. The light receiving element 5 is a photoelectric conversion element such as a photodetector, and supplies a detection signal, which is an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of received laser light, to the control unit 10. In the first embodiment, the light receiving element 5 is attached to the arm 3. The light receiving element 5 is provided with a filter that allows only light having wavelengths of red laser light, blue laser light, and green laser light emitted from the light source unit 1 to pass therethrough. Thereby, the light receiving element 5 detects only the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2 while preventing fluctuations in the detection value of the light amount due to external light. Specific arrangement of the light receiving element 5 in this embodiment will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
　制御部１０は、図示しないＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）やＲＡＭ（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ　Ａｃｃｅｓｓ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）、ＲＯＭ（Ｒｅａｄ　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）などを有し、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００の全般的な制御を行う。具体的には、後述するように、制御部１０は、受光素子５から受信した検出信号に基づき、光源ユニット１から出射させる光の光量（強度）を調整する。制御部１０は、本発明における「調整手段」の一例である。 The control unit 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like (not shown) and performs general control of the head-up display 100. Specifically, as will be described later, the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount (intensity) of light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detection signal received from the light receiving element 5. The control unit 10 is an example of the “adjustment unit” in the present invention.
　（受光素子）
　次に、受光素子５の配置等について図２及び図３を参照して具体的に説明する。 (Light receiving element)
Next, the arrangement and the like of the light receiving element 5 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS.
　図２は、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００の斜視図を概略的に示した図である。図２に示すように、受光素子５は、光源ユニット１が出射した光が直接当たらない位置であって、光源ユニット１から出射された光のうちコンバイナ２から反射された一部の光（光線「Ｌ２」参照）が当たる位置に設けられる。具体的には、第１実施例では、受光素子５は、板状に形成されたアーム３Ａのコンバイナ２を狭持する側面に設けられている。 FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a perspective view of the head-up display 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the light receiving element 5 is a position where the light emitted from the light source unit 1 does not directly hit, and a part of the light (light beam) reflected from the combiner 2 among the light emitted from the light source unit 1. (See “L2”). Specifically, in the first embodiment, the light receiving element 5 is provided on a side surface that holds the combiner 2 of the arm 3A formed in a plate shape.
　また、受光素子５は、光源ユニット１の出射光のうち、ユーザに提示するための画像を構成する光（「描画光」とも呼ぶ。）以外の光（「描画外光」とも呼ぶ。）がコンバイナ２を介して照射される位置に設けられる。これについて図３を参照して説明する。 The light receiving element 5 is light (also referred to as “light outside the drawing”) other than light (also referred to as “drawing light”) that constitutes an image to be presented to the user among the light emitted from the light source unit 1. It is provided at a position irradiated through the combiner 2. This will be described with reference to FIG.
　図３は、光源ユニット１の出射光により照射されるコンバイナ２の領域を示した図である。図３に示すように、コンバイナ２には、光源ユニット１から出射される光が照射される範囲である照射領域３０が存在する。また、照射領域３０は、描画光が照射される領域である描画光照射領域３１と、描画外光が照射される領域である描画外光照射領域３２（図３の斜線部分の領域）と、を有する。そして、受光素子５は、照射領域３０のうち、描画外光照射領域３２で反射された光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する。従って、図２に示すアイポイントＰｅに到達する光線「Ｌ１」に相当する光は、図３に示す描画光照射領域３１で反射され、受光素子５に到達する図２の光線Ｌ２に相当する光は、図３に示す描画外光照射領域３２で反射される。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an area of the combiner 2 that is irradiated by the light emitted from the light source unit 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the combiner 2 has an irradiation region 30 that is a range irradiated with light emitted from the light source unit 1. The irradiation region 30 includes a drawing light irradiation region 31 that is a region irradiated with drawing light, a drawing external light irradiation region 32 that is a region irradiated with drawing external light (the hatched portion in FIG. 3), Have The light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected by the non-drawing light irradiation region 32 in the irradiation region 30. Accordingly, the light corresponding to the light beam “L1” reaching the eye point Pe shown in FIG. 2 is reflected by the drawing light irradiation region 31 shown in FIG. 3 and the light corresponding to the light beam L2 of FIG. Is reflected by the external light irradiation region 32 shown in FIG.
　また、コンバイナ２の描画外光照射領域３２又はその一部は、描画外光の反射光が受光素子５に到達するように、湾曲した形状を有する。言い換えると、描画外光照射領域３２のうち、少なくとも、図２の光線Ｌ２に相当する光が入射する位置の近傍は、光源ユニット１から入射した光が受光素子５に反射されるように形成される。これにより、コンバイナ２に対するアイポイントＰｅの方向と、コンバイナ２に対する受光素子５の方向とが異なるような位置に受光素子５が設けられた場合であっても、好適に、受光素子５は、コンバイナ２で反射された描画外光を受光することができる。 Further, the outside light drawing region 32 of the combiner 2 or a part thereof has a curved shape so that the reflected light of the outside light reaches the light receiving element 5. In other words, at least the vicinity of the position where the light corresponding to the light beam L2 in FIG. 2 is incident in the outside light irradiation region 32 is formed so that the light incident from the light source unit 1 is reflected by the light receiving element 5. The Accordingly, even when the light receiving element 5 is provided at a position where the direction of the eye point Pe with respect to the combiner 2 and the direction of the light receiving element 5 with respect to the combiner 2 are different, the light receiving element 5 is preferably The light outside the drawing reflected by 2 can be received.
　（制御方法）
　次に、制御部１０が実行する制御方法について具体的に説明する。制御部１０は、受光素子５から供給される検出信号が示す光量（「検出光量」とも呼ぶ。）に基づいて光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。言い換えると、制御部１０は、コンバイナ２や光源ユニット１の出射窓の光学特性の低下に起因したアイポイントＰｅでの輝度の低下の度合いを、検出光量に基づき推定し、当該輝度の低下分を補うように、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整するフィードバック制御を行う。これにより、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００は、経年劣化によりコンバイナ２の反射率等が低下した場合であっても、一定輝度の虚像Ｉｖを安定的にユーザに視認させる。 (Control method)
Next, the control method executed by the control unit 10 will be specifically described. The control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the light amount (also referred to as “detected light amount”) indicated by the detection signal supplied from the light receiving element 5. In other words, the control unit 10 estimates the degree of decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe due to the decrease in the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 or the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount, and calculates the decrease in the luminance. In order to compensate, feedback control is performed to adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1. Thus, the head-up display 100 allows the user to stably visually recognize the virtual image Iv having a constant luminance even when the reflectivity or the like of the combiner 2 is reduced due to deterioration over time.
　この制御の具体例について説明する。制御部１０は、受光素子５から取得した検出光量と、所定の基準となる光量（「基準光量」とも呼ぶ。）との差に応じて、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。ここで、基準光量は、例えば、コンバイナ２で反射されない場合の光源ユニット１の出射光の光量に設定される。この場合、基準光量は、例えば、光源ユニット１が光を出射する際の光量の指令（目標）値である。 A specific example of this control will be described. The control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 according to the difference between the detected light amount acquired from the light receiving element 5 and a predetermined reference light amount (also referred to as “reference light amount”). Here, the reference light amount is set to, for example, the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 when it is not reflected by the combiner 2. In this case, the reference light amount is, for example, a command (target) value of the light amount when the light source unit 1 emits light.
　他の例では、基準光量は、コンバイナ２や光源ユニット１の出射窓の光学特性に経年劣化が生じていない時に受光素子５が検出する検出光量であってもよい。この場合、基準光量は、例えばコンバイナ２から反射された光源ユニット１の出射光を受光素子５が初めて検出した際の検出光量、即ち検出光量の初期値に設定され、制御部１０のメモリ等に記憶される。 In another example, the reference light amount may be a detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 when the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 or the light source unit 1 have not deteriorated over time. In this case, the reference light amount is set to, for example, the detected light amount when the light receiving element 5 first detects the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2, that is, the initial value of the detected light amount. Remembered.
　また、制御部１０は、検出光量と基準光量との差を算出後、例えば予めメモリに記憶されたマップを参照することで、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量の指令値に対する補正値を求める。そして、制御部１０は、求めた補正値に基づき、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量の指令値を補正する。このようにすることで、制御部１０は、日光による変色、たばこのヤニや汚れの付着などに起因して、コンバイナ２や光源ユニット１のＥＰＥ（Ｅｘｉｔ　Ｐｕｐｉｌ　Ｅｘｐａｎｄｅｒ）などの出射窓の光学特性が劣化した場合であっても、アイポイントＰｅでの輝度低下を好適に抑制することができる。 Further, after calculating the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, the control unit 10 obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount to be emitted to the light source unit 1 by referring to, for example, a map stored in advance in the memory. . And the control part 10 correct | amends the command value of the light quantity of the light made to emit to the light source unit 1 based on the calculated | required correction value. By doing so, the control unit 10 has the optical characteristics of the exit window of the combiner 2 and the light source unit 1 such as EPE (Exit Pupil Expander) due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarettes and dirt, etc. Even in the case of deterioration, a decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe can be suitably suppressed.
　＜第２実施例＞
　次に、第２実施例について説明する。第２実施例では、受光素子５がコンバイナ２を透過した光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する点において、第１実施例と異なる。その他、第１実施例と同様の部分については、適宜同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 <Second embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the light receiving element 5 receives light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2. In addition, about the part similar to 1st Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected suitably and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
　図４は、第２実施例におけるヘッドアップディスプレイ１００Ａの斜視図を示す。図４に示すように、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００Ａには、一端がコンバイナ２に固定され、アーム３Ａの存在位置と反対方向に延在する支持部８が設けられている。そして、支持部８の他端には、受光素子５が固定されている。この構成では、受光素子５は、コンバイナ２を透過した光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する（光線「Ｌ３」参照）。このとき、受光素子５は、ユーザによる虚像Ｉｖの視認を妨げないよう、描画光でない描画外光がコンバイナ２を透過した光を受光する。 FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the head-up display 100A in the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the head-up display 100 </ b> A is provided with a support portion 8 having one end fixed to the combiner 2 and extending in a direction opposite to the position where the arm 3 </ b> A exists. The light receiving element 5 is fixed to the other end of the support portion 8. In this configuration, the light receiving element 5 receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2 (see the light beam “L3”). At this time, the light receiving element 5 receives light that is not drawn light but has passed through the combiner 2 so as not to prevent the user from visually recognizing the virtual image Iv.
　次に、第２実施例で制御部１０が行う制御方法について説明する。制御部１０は、コンバイナ２を透過した光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する受光素子５から供給される検出信号が示す検出光量に基づいて光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。 Next, a control method performed by the control unit 10 in the second embodiment will be described. The control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount indicated by the detection signal supplied from the light receiving element 5 that receives the light emitted from the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2.
　第１実施例でも述べたように、コンバイナ２や光源ユニット１の出射窓は、日光による変色、たばこのヤニや汚れの付着などに起因して、透過率を含む光学特性が劣化する。その結果、アイポイントＰｅに到達する光源ユニット１の出射光の輝度が経年により低下する。以上を勘案し、第２実施例では、制御部１０は、コンバイナ２の透過光を受光する受光素子５が検出した検出光量に基づき、アイポイントＰｅでの輝度の低下の度合いを推定し、当該輝度の低下分を補うように、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整するフィードバック制御を行う。 As described in the first embodiment, the output windows of the combiner 2 and the light source unit 1 are deteriorated in optical characteristics including transmittance due to discoloration due to sunlight, adhesion of cigarettes and dirt, and the like. As a result, the luminance of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 that reaches the eye point Pe decreases with time. Considering the above, in the second embodiment, the control unit 10 estimates the degree of decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe based on the detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 that receives the transmitted light of the combiner 2. Feedback control for adjusting the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 is performed so as to compensate for the decrease in luminance.
　より具体的には、制御部１０は、第１実施例と同様、検出光量と、基準光量との差に基づき、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。ここで、基準光量は、例えば、コンバイナ２を透過していない光源ユニット１の出射光の光量に設定される。この場合、基準光量は、例えば、光源ユニット１が光を出射する際の光量の指令（目標）値である。他の例では、基準光量は、光源ユニット１の出射窓やコンバイナ２に経年劣化が生じていない時に受光素子５が検出する検出光量であってもよい。この場合、基準光量は、例えばコンバイナ２から反射された光源ユニット１の出射光を受光素子５が初めて検出した際の検出光量、即ち検出光量の初期値に設定され、制御部１０のメモリ等に記憶される。そして、制御部１０は、検出光量と基準光量との差を算出後、例えば予めメモリに記憶されたマップを参照することで、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量の指令値に対する補正値を求め、当該補正値により上述の指令値を補正する。これにより、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００Ａは、光源ユニット１の出射窓等の光学特性に経年劣化が生じた場合であっても、一定の輝度により虚像Ｉｖをユーザに視認させることができる。 More specifically, the control unit 10 adjusts the light amount of the light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, as in the first embodiment. Here, the reference light amount is set to, for example, the light amount of the emitted light from the light source unit 1 that does not pass through the combiner 2. In this case, the reference light amount is, for example, a command (target) value of the light amount when the light source unit 1 emits light. In another example, the reference light amount may be a detected light amount detected by the light receiving element 5 when the emission window of the light source unit 1 or the combiner 2 has not deteriorated over time. In this case, the reference light amount is set to, for example, the detected light amount when the light receiving element 5 first detects the light emitted from the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2, that is, the initial value of the detected light amount. Remembered. Then, after calculating the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, the control unit 10 obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount emitted to the light source unit 1, for example, by referring to a map stored in advance in the memory. The above command value is corrected by the correction value. Thereby, the head-up display 100A can make the user visually recognize the virtual image Iv with a certain luminance even when the optical characteristics such as the emission window of the light source unit 1 have deteriorated over time.
　＜変形例＞
　以下、上述の第１実施例及び第２実施例に好適な変形例について説明する。以下の変形例は、任意に組み合わせて上述の各実施例に適用してもよい。 <Modification>
Hereinafter, modified examples suitable for the first and second embodiments will be described. The following modifications may be applied in any combination to the above-described embodiments.
　（変形例１）
　第１実施例では、図１に示すように、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００は、アーム３を有し、アーム３に受光素子５が取り付けられていた。しかし、本発明が適用可能な構成は、これに限定されない。これに代えて、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００は、アーム３を有しなくてもよい。この場合について図５を参照して説明する。 (Modification 1)
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the head-up display 100 has the arm 3, and the light receiving element 5 is attached to the arm 3. However, the configuration to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this. Instead of this, the head-up display 100 may not have the arm 3. This case will be described with reference to FIG.
　図５は、変形例に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ１００Ｂの概略構成を示す。図５に示すように、コンバイナ２は、天井部２２に設置された支持軸部７を有し、支持軸部７を支軸として回動する。支持軸部７は、例えば、フロントウィンドウ２０の上端近傍の天井部２２、言い換えると運転者用の図示しないサンバイザが設置される位置の近傍に設置される。なお、支持軸部７は、上述のサンバイザに代えて設置されてもよい。 FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a head-up display 100B according to a modification. As shown in FIG. 5, the combiner 2 has a support shaft portion 7 installed on the ceiling portion 22 and rotates around the support shaft portion 7 as a support shaft. The support shaft portion 7 is installed, for example, in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 22 near the upper end of the front window 20, in other words, in the vicinity of a position where a sun visor (not shown) for the driver is installed. The support shaft portion 7 may be installed instead of the above-described sun visor.
　そして、受光素子５は、光源ユニット１に取り付けられている。具体的には、受光素子５は、天井部２２と向かい合う光源ユニット１の面上に固定されている。受光素子５は、第１実施例と同様に、コンバイナ２の描画外光照射領域３２（図３参照）の一部又は全部が湾曲して形成されていることにより、描画外光照射領域３２で反射された描画外光を受光する。 The light receiving element 5 is attached to the light source unit 1. Specifically, the light receiving element 5 is fixed on the surface of the light source unit 1 facing the ceiling portion 22. As in the first embodiment, the light receiving element 5 is formed by curving a part or all of the drawing external light irradiation region 32 (see FIG. 3) of the combiner 2. The reflected external light for drawing is received.
　このように、アーム３は、本発明に係るヘッドアップディスプレイの必須の構成ではなく、また、コンバイナ２の反射光を受光する受光素子５は、アーム３等に固定される場合に限定されず、光学ユニット１や天井部２２等に設置されてもよい。 Thus, the arm 3 is not an essential configuration of the head-up display according to the present invention, and the light receiving element 5 that receives the reflected light of the combiner 2 is not limited to being fixed to the arm 3 or the like, You may install in the optical unit 1, the ceiling part 22, etc. FIG.
　（変形例２）
　第２実施例の図４の説明では、受光素子５の位置は、アーム３Ａとは別体の支持部８により固定されていたが、本発明が適用可能な構成は、これに限定されない。例えば、支持部８に代えて、アーム３Ａのコンバイナ２と接続する側の端部が、光源ユニット１が光を出射する方向に延長され、延長されたアーム３Ａの端部に受光素子５が固定されてもよい。他の例では、第２実施例に係る受光素子５は、フロントガラス２０等に設置されてもよい。このように、コンバイナ２の透過光を受光する受光素子５は、支持部８に設置される場合に限定されない。 (Modification 2)
In the description of FIG. 4 of the second embodiment, the position of the light receiving element 5 is fixed by the support portion 8 separate from the arm 3A, but the configuration to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this. For example, instead of the support portion 8, the end portion of the arm 3 </ b> A connected to the combiner 2 is extended in the direction in which the light source unit 1 emits light, and the light receiving element 5 is fixed to the extended end portion of the arm 3 </ b> A. May be. In another example, the light receiving element 5 according to the second embodiment may be installed on the windshield 20 or the like. Thus, the light receiving element 5 that receives the light transmitted through the combiner 2 is not limited to the case where the light receiving element 5 is installed on the support portion 8.
　（変形例３）
　第１実施例及び第２実施例では、受光素子５は、光源ユニット１が出射する光の波長を有する光のみを通過させるフィルタを有し、外光による検出光量の変化を抑制した。しかし、本発明が適用可能な外光への対応方法は、これに限定されない。 (Modification 3)
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the light receiving element 5 includes a filter that allows only light having the wavelength of light emitted from the light source unit 1 to pass therethrough, and suppresses a change in the detected light amount due to external light. However, the method for dealing with external light to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this.
　第１の例では、制御部１０は、光源ユニット１が光を出射する前の検出光量と、光源ユニット１が光を出射後の検出光量とに基づき、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量を調整する。具体的には、制御部１０は、光源ユニット１が光を出射する前の検出光量を外光の光量とみなし、光源ユニット１による光の出射後の検出光量から減算する。そして、制御部１０は、減算後の検出光量と基準光量とに基づき、第１実施例及び第２実施例と同様に、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。この例によっても、制御部１０は、外光による検出光量の増加分を適切に減算した検出光量を算出し、外光による影響を排除して正確に光源ユニット１が出射する光の光量を調整することが可能となる。 In the first example, the control unit 10 determines the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 based on the detected light amount before the light source unit 1 emits light and the detected light amount after the light source unit 1 emits light. adjust. Specifically, the control unit 10 regards the detected light amount before the light source unit 1 emits light as the amount of external light, and subtracts it from the detected light amount after the light source unit 1 emits light. And the control part 10 adjusts the light quantity of the emitted light of the light source unit 1 similarly to 1st Example and 2nd Example based on the detected light quantity after subtraction, and a reference light quantity. Also in this example, the control unit 10 calculates the detected light amount by appropriately subtracting the increase in the detected light amount due to the external light, and accurately adjusts the light amount emitted from the light source unit 1 by eliminating the influence of the external light. It becomes possible to do.
　第２の例では、受光素子５には、外光を遮断するためのカバーが設けられる。カバーは、例えば、コンバイナ２を介した光源ユニット１の出射光のみが受光素子５に入射するように構成された筐体、その他柔軟性を有するものであってもよい。この例によっても、制御部１０は、外光による影響を排除して正確に光源ユニット１が出射する光の光量を調整することが可能となる。 In the second example, the light receiving element 5 is provided with a cover for blocking external light. The cover may be, for example, a housing configured such that only the light emitted from the light source unit 1 via the combiner 2 is incident on the light receiving element 5, or other flexible ones. Also in this example, the control unit 10 can accurately adjust the amount of light emitted from the light source unit 1 by eliminating the influence of external light.
　（変形例４）
　第１実施例と第２実施例とは組み合わされてもよい。この場合、コンバイナ２から反射された光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する受光素子５と、コンバイナ２を透過した光源ユニット１の出射光を受光する受光素子５とがそれぞれ設けられる。そして、制御部１０は、それぞれの受光素子５が検出した検出光量に基づき、それぞれに対応する基準光量と比較することにより、光源ユニット１の出射光の光量を調整する。これにより、より高精度にアイポイントＰｅでの輝度低下を抑制することが可能となる。 (Modification 4)
The first embodiment and the second embodiment may be combined. In this case, a light receiving element 5 that receives the emitted light of the light source unit 1 reflected from the combiner 2 and a light receiving element 5 that receives the emitted light of the light source unit 1 that has passed through the combiner 2 are provided. And the control part 10 adjusts the light quantity of the emitted light of the light source unit 1 by comparing with the reference | standard light quantity corresponding to each based on the detected light quantity which each light receiving element 5 detected. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in luminance at the eye point Pe with higher accuracy.
　（変形例５）
　図３の説明では、受光素子５は、コンバイナ２の描画外光照射領域３２で反射された光を受光可能な位置に配置されていた。これに代えて、受光素子５は、コンバイナ２の描画光照射領域３１で反射された光を受光可能な位置であっても、観察者が描画光により表示された虚像Ｉｖを視認する際に目障りになりにくい位置に配置されていればよい。この場合、コンバイナ２が車内の天井部２２に配置される場合には、受光素子５は、例えば、コンバイナ２の上部に配置されるとよい。また、コンバイナ２がフロントウィンドウ２０の下側に配置（即ち、ダッシュボード２４内に配置）される場合には、受光素子５は、例えば、コンバイナ２の下部に配置されるとよい。これらの場合、制御部１０は、描画外光照射領域３２で反射させる光の制御が不要になり、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１００の起動時に輝度強度を検知するためのテストパターン(例えば、小さな白い円の点灯)を光源ユニット１に出射させることで、検出光量と、基準光量との差分を演算する。 (Modification 5)
In the description of FIG. 3, the light receiving element 5 is disposed at a position where the light reflected by the non-drawing light irradiation region 32 of the combiner 2 can be received. Instead of this, the light receiving element 5 is obstructive when the observer visually recognizes the virtual image Iv displayed by the drawing light even at a position where the light reflected by the drawing light irradiation region 31 of the combiner 2 can be received. It suffices if it is arranged at a position where it is difficult to become. In this case, when the combiner 2 is arrange | positioned at the ceiling part 22 in a vehicle, the light receiving element 5 is good to be arrange | positioned at the upper part of the combiner 2, for example. Moreover, when the combiner 2 is arrange | positioned under the front window 20 (namely, it arrange | positions in the dashboard 24), the light receiving element 5 is good to be arrange | positioned at the lower part of the combiner 2, for example. In these cases, the control unit 10 does not need to control the light reflected by the external light irradiation region 32, and a test pattern (for example, lighting of a small white circle) for detecting the luminance intensity when the head-up display 100 is activated. ) Is emitted to the light source unit 1 to calculate the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount.
　（変形例６）
　上述の説明では、制御部１０は、検出光量と基準光量との差を算出後、マップを参照し、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量の指令値に対する補正値を求めた。これに代えて、制御部１０は、マップを用意せずに、光源ユニット１に出射させる光の光量の指令値に対する変化幅（補正幅）を予め決めておき、検出光量と基準光量との差分が「０」になるように、上述の指令値を変化幅分だけ増加又は減少させることで、上述の指令値を調整してもよい。 (Modification 6)
In the above description, after calculating the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount, the control unit 10 refers to the map and obtains a correction value for the command value of the light amount emitted to the light source unit 1. Instead of this, the control unit 10 does not prepare a map, but determines a change width (correction width) with respect to a command value of the amount of light emitted to the light source unit 1 in advance, and the difference between the detected light amount and the reference light amount. The above-mentioned command value may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the above-mentioned command value by the change width so that becomes “0”.
　本発明は、経路案内や車両の情報を運転者に視認させるヘッドアップディスプレイに好適に適用することができる。 The present invention can be suitably applied to a head-up display that allows a driver to visually recognize route guidance and vehicle information.
　１　光源ユニット
　２　コンバイナ
　３（３Ａ、３Ｂ）　アーム
　５　受光素子
　７　支持軸部
　１０　制御部
　２０　フロントウィンドウ
　２３　ボンネット
　２４　ダッシュボード DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source unit 2 Combiner 3 (3A, 3B) Arm 5 Light receiving element 7 Support shaft part 10 Control part 20 Front window 23 Bonnet 24 Dashboard

Claims (13)

  1. 　所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、
    　前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、
    　前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって反射される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材で反射されない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、
    を有することを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ。     An optical member having a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with reflected light;
    A light source for irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image;
    The intensity of light emitted from the light source is adjusted according to the difference between the amount of light reflected by the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not reflected by the optical member. Adjusting means to
    A head-up display comprising:
  2. 　所定の透過率及び反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、
    　前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、
    　前記光源から出射される光の強度を、前記光学部材によって透過される前記光の光量と前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を透過しない光の光量との差に応じて調整する調整手段と、
    を有することを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ。     An optical member having a predetermined transmittance and reflectance, and allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with reflected light;
    A light source for irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image;
    The intensity of light emitted from the light source is adjusted according to the difference between the amount of light transmitted through the optical member and the amount of light emitted from the light source but not transmitted through the optical member. Adjusting means to
    A head-up display comprising:
  3. 　前記光学部材から反射された前記光を受光する受光手段を有し、
    　前記調整手段は、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。     Light receiving means for receiving the light reflected from the optical member;
    3. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the intensity of the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit.
  4. 　前記光学部材を透過した前記光を受光する受光手段を有し、
    　前記調整手段は、当該受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。     Light receiving means for receiving the light transmitted through the optical member;
    The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the intensity of the light based on a light amount of the light received by the light receiving unit.
  5. 　前記受光手段には、外光を遮断するためのカバーが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項３または４に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。 The head-up display according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the light receiving means is provided with a cover for blocking external light.
  6. 　前記光源と前記光学部材とを接続するアームをさらに備え、
    　前記受光手段は、前記アームに取り付けられることを特徴とする請求項３乃至５のいずれか一項に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。     An arm for connecting the light source and the optical member;
    The head-up display according to claim 3, wherein the light receiving unit is attached to the arm.
  7. 　前記光学部材は、前記光学部材から出射された前記光のうち、表示画像を構成する光以外の光を前記受光手段へ導くように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項３乃至６のいずれか一項に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。 7. The optical member according to claim 3, wherein the optical member is formed so as to guide light other than light constituting a display image out of the light emitted from the optical member to the light receiving means. A head-up display according to claim 1.
  8. 　前記受光手段には、前記光源が出射する光の波長を有する光のみを通過させるフィルタが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項５に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。 6. The head-up display according to claim 5, wherein the light receiving means is provided with a filter that allows passage of only light having a wavelength of light emitted from the light source.
  9. 　前記調整手段は、前記光源が光を出射する前後での前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量の差に基づいて、前記光の強度を調整することを特徴とする請求項３乃至８のいずれか一項に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。 The said adjustment means adjusts the intensity | strength of the said light based on the difference of the light quantity of the said light which the said light-receiving means received before and after the said light source radiate | emits light, Any one of Claim 3 thru | or 8 characterized by the above-mentioned. A head-up display according to claim 1.
  10. 　虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイにおいて、
    　前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御することを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ。     In a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image,
    The light is irradiated onto the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the amount of the light that has passed through the optical member and the amount of light that has been emitted from the light source and that has not passed through the optical member. A head-up display characterized by being controlled as follows.
  11. 　所定の反射率を有し、反射させた光で利用者に虚像を認識させる光学部材と、
    　前記虚像を形成させるための光を前記光学部材に照射する光源と、
    　前記光学部材を介した前記光を受光する受光手段と、
    　前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量に基づき前記光源から出射される光の強度を調整する調整手段と、
    を備えることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ。     An optical member having a predetermined reflectivity and allowing a user to recognize a virtual image with the reflected light;
    A light source for irradiating the optical member with light for forming the virtual image;
    A light receiving means for receiving the light via the optical member;
    Adjusting means for adjusting the intensity of light emitted from the light source based on the amount of light received by the light receiving means;
    A head-up display comprising:
  12. 　前記調整手段は、前記受光手段が受光した前記光の光量と、前記光学部材及び前記光源の光学特性に劣化が生じていない場合における当該光学部材を介した前記光の光量との差に基づいて、前記光源から出射される光の強度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１１に記載のヘッドアップディスプレイ。 The adjusting means is based on a difference between the light quantity of the light received by the light receiving means and the light quantity of the light through the optical member when the optical characteristics of the optical member and the light source are not deteriorated. The head-up display according to claim 11, wherein the intensity of light emitted from the light source is adjusted.
  13. 　虚像を表示させるための光を、所定の反射率又は透過率を有する光学部材に照射させるヘッドアップディスプレイの制御部が実行する制御方法であって、
    　前記光学部材を介した前記光の光量と、前記光源から出射される前記光であって前記光学部材を介していない光の光量との差に応じた強度で前記光を前記光学部材に照射するように制御する工程を有することを特徴とする制御方法。     A control method executed by a control unit of a head-up display that irradiates an optical member having a predetermined reflectance or transmittance with light for displaying a virtual image,
    The light is irradiated onto the optical member with an intensity corresponding to a difference between the amount of the light that has passed through the optical member and the amount of light that has been emitted from the light source and that has not passed through the optical member. A control method comprising the step of controlling as described above.
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