WO2013072534A1 - Prefabricated burial niche constructions - Google Patents

Prefabricated burial niche constructions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013072534A1
WO2013072534A1 PCT/ES2012/070277 ES2012070277W WO2013072534A1 WO 2013072534 A1 WO2013072534 A1 WO 2013072534A1 ES 2012070277 W ES2012070277 W ES 2012070277W WO 2013072534 A1 WO2013072534 A1 WO 2013072534A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
niches
prefabricated construction
funerary
prefabricated
construction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070277
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manuel Juan Vico
Juan Carlos Del Campo Toribio
Javier Maqueda Lorenzo
Original Assignee
Manuel Juan Vico
Juan Carlos Del Campo Toribio
Javier Maqueda Lorenzo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Manuel Juan Vico, Juan Carlos Del Campo Toribio, Javier Maqueda Lorenzo filed Critical Manuel Juan Vico
Publication of WO2013072534A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013072534A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H13/00Monuments; Tombs; Burial vaults; Columbaria
    • E04H13/006Columbaria, mausoleum with frontal access to vaults
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H13/00Monuments; Tombs; Burial vaults; Columbaria
    • E04H13/005Ventilation systems therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated construction of funerary niches, suitable for containing caskets, or used for ossuaries or ash vessels, according to their dimensions.
  • Concrete construction suppresses the need to temporarily store bricks, but it is also dirty, and concrete remains must be removed.
  • precast concrete has been used. Although it is faster and cleaner, it requires the use of bulky means of transport and elevation, whose introduction into the cemetery can be complicated. In addition, all systems that use concrete are exposed to the possibility of gas leakage due to cracks caused by expansion of the reinforcements, since the drainage and ventilation pipes cannot be easily connected, leaving the interior of the niches in contact Direct with the atmosphere, producing bad smells and health hazards.
  • a prefabricated construction has been conceived in which the niches are formed by a drawer made of rigid foam core panels of extruded polystyrene reinforced on both sides either with polyethylene mesh, or with fiberglass fabric with alkaline resistant sizing.
  • the joining of the different panels to form the drawer is carried out by means of reinforcement tape and conventional anchoring paste, being able to use a sealing cord, also conventional, in the upper area. Stiffness and finish are improved by a plastic micromortero.
  • the niches thus executed are introduced into a support structure formed by a plurality of transverse frames to the niches, configured as a grid formed by horizontal uprights and vertical uprights.
  • the previous set is covered by enclosures made, advantageously, on the same panel covered with plastic micromortero that is used for niches.
  • the front transverse frame can be equipped with flashing to improve its corrosion resistance. In this way the set is closed and waterproofed.
  • the construction is resistant to the elements, eliminating the risk of cracks due to oxidation of the reinforcements of concrete constructions.
  • the system allows to realize any design (inclined, arched, pyramid-shaped corridors, etc., personifying and improving the aesthetics of the modules without a high cost.
  • the system allows site and distribution modifications without having to resort to demolitions, since the construction is fully reusable, and allows the modules to be moved.
  • the system allows specific modulations for sloping terrain without large foundations, since only zunchos are required in the support and support areas, allowing maximum use of space.
  • the system can be applied to niches for coffins, ossuaries, or ash shelves, with the precise dimensions in each case, without having to conform to a specific pre-dimensioning, as it happens in precast concrete systems.
  • the supporting structure, sealed and waterproofed by the enclosure panel is protected against corrosion.
  • the micromortero finish allows any coating, both paints, stone slabs, tiles, etc., making it extremely durable.
  • Figure 1 shows a horizontal section, in plan, of the prefabricated construction of the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a vertical semi-section along ll-ll of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows an elevation view of one of the transverse frames.
  • Figure 4 shows an elevation view of one of the longitudinal frames.
  • the prefabricated construction of the invention consists of a plurality of niches (1) formed by a drawer made of rigid foam core panels of extruded polystyrene, reinforced on each side by polyethylene mesh.
  • the drawer is made by joining the base panel to the sides and to the bottom by means of reinforcement tape and anchor paste, then placing the top panel by means of sealant cord. Finally the whole set is covered with plastic micromortero.
  • the bearing structure is constituted by three transverse frames (2) provided with horizontal uprights (3) and vertical uprights (4) to form a grid in which the niches (1) are inserted and supported, and by two longitudinal frames (5) , placed one on each side, depending on bracing.
  • a plurality of drainage and ventilation pipes (6) are connected to them.
  • the open drawer that forms the niches (1) is closed at its front with a lid (7) slightly attached to the base and sides, presenting an extraction handle (8).
  • the niches (1) may be made at the installation site (simpler transport) or be supplied prefabricated (more quickly and cleanly, on site construction).
  • the racks will be protected in a conventional manner by painting, galvanizing or any other convenient means.
  • the rear frame (9) and its associated enclosure are not necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Assembled Shelves (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction made up of a plurality of niches (1), which comprise a box that is open at the front, made of panels with a rigid extruded polystyrene foam core having reinforcement means on either side, coupled together by means of a suitable joining means, the niches being arranged in a bearing structure made up of a plurality of transverse frames (2) provided with horizontal beams (3) and vertical posts (4) forming a network in which the niches are inserted and supported (1), and several longitudinal frames (5). The niches (1) are closed at the front by covers (7), and comprise a plurality of drainage and ventilation tubes (6) connected to the rear of the niches (1). The reinforcement means advantageously comprise a polyethylene mesh or a fibreglass fabric with alkaline-resistant size. The joining means is advantageously made up of a reinforcing tape and an anchoring paste, or else a sealing bead.

Description

CONSTRUCCIONES PREFABRICADAS DE NICHOS FUNERARIOS  PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTIONS OF NICHE FUNERARIES
La presente invención se refiere a una construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, apta para contener féretros, o utilizarse para osarios o vasos de cenizas, según sus dimensiones. The present invention relates to a prefabricated construction of funerary niches, suitable for containing caskets, or used for ossuaries or ash vessels, according to their dimensions.
Su campo de aplicación es el de las construcciones específicas para cementerios.  Its field of application is that of specific buildings for cemeteries.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Habitualmente, las construcciones específicas para cementerios no difieren, en su técnica de ejecución, de las realizadas para otros usos. La construcción tradicional, en ladrillo, permite adaptase fácilmente al terreno, pero es lenta, sucia y los materiales empleados ocupan mucho espacio durante el proceso, interfiriendo en el funcionamiento normal del cementerio.  Usually, the specific constructions for cemeteries do not differ, in their execution technique, from those made for other uses. The traditional brick construction allows it to easily adapt to the terrain, but it is slow, dirty and the materials used take up a lot of space during the process, interfering with the normal operation of the cemetery.
La construcción en hormigón suprime la necesidad de almacenar temporalmente ladrillos, pero también es sucia, y es preciso eliminar los restos de hormigón.  Concrete construction suppresses the need to temporarily store bricks, but it is also dirty, and concrete remains must be removed.
Intentando resolver los problemas citados se ha utilizado el prefabricado de hormigón. Si bien es más rápido y limpio, exige la utilización de medios de transporte y elevación voluminosos, cuya introducción en el cementerio puede ser complicada. Además, todos los sistemas que utilizan hormigón están expuestos a la posibilidad de escape de gases debido a las grietas producidas por dilatación de las armaduras, y a que no se pueden conectar fácilmente los tubos de desagüe y ventilación, quedando el interior de los nichos en contacto directo con la atmósfera, produciendo malos olores y peligros sanitarios.  Trying to solve the aforementioned problems, precast concrete has been used. Although it is faster and cleaner, it requires the use of bulky means of transport and elevation, whose introduction into the cemetery can be complicated. In addition, all systems that use concrete are exposed to the possibility of gas leakage due to cracks caused by expansion of the reinforcements, since the drainage and ventilation pipes cannot be easily connected, leaving the interior of the niches in contact Direct with the atmosphere, producing bad smells and health hazards.
En consecuencia, es un objetivo de la presente invención el disponer de una construcción prefabricada que no interfiera en el funcionamiento normal del cementerio.  Accordingly, it is an objective of the present invention to have a prefabricated construction that does not interfere with the normal operation of the cemetery.
Es otro objetivo de la presente invención el disponer de una construcción prefabricada que sea rápida y limpia.  It is another objective of the present invention to have a prefabricated construction that is fast and clean.
Es otro objetivo de la presente invención el disponer de una construcción prefabricada que sea versátil.  It is another objective of the present invention to have a prefabricated construction that is versatile.
Y finalmente, es otro objetivo de la presente invención el disponer de una construcción prefabricada estanca e higiénica. Descripción de la invención And finally, it is another objective of the present invention to have a prefabricated waterproof and hygienic construction. Description of the invention
Para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos se ha concebido una construcción prefabricada en la que los nichos están formados por un cajón realizado con paneles de núcleo de espuma rígida de poliestireno extrusionado reforzado por ambos lados bien con malla de polietileno, bien con tejido de fibra de vidrio con apresto alcalirresistente. La unión de los distintos paneles para formar el cajón se realiza mediante cinta de refuerzo y pasta de anclaje convencionales pudiéndose utilizar cordón de sellado, también convencional, en la zona superior. Se mejora la rigidez y el acabado mediante un micromortero plástico.  To achieve the proposed objectives, a prefabricated construction has been conceived in which the niches are formed by a drawer made of rigid foam core panels of extruded polystyrene reinforced on both sides either with polyethylene mesh, or with fiberglass fabric with alkaline resistant sizing. The joining of the different panels to form the drawer is carried out by means of reinforcement tape and conventional anchoring paste, being able to use a sealing cord, also conventional, in the upper area. Stiffness and finish are improved by a plastic micromortero.
Los nichos así ejecutados se introducen en una estructura soporte formada por una pluralidad de bastidores transversales a los nichos, configurados como una retícula formada por montantes horizontales y montantes verticales. Dos bastidores longitudinales de arriostramiento, dispuestos en los laterales, completan la estructura. Esta estructura es la que soportara la carga horizontal de los nichos, y los empujes laterales debidos al viento.  The niches thus executed are introduced into a support structure formed by a plurality of transverse frames to the niches, configured as a grid formed by horizontal uprights and vertical uprights. Two longitudinal bracing frames, arranged on the sides, complete the structure. This structure is what will support the horizontal load of the niches, and the lateral thrusts due to the wind.
Para drenar el contenido de los nichos, se conectan a estos una pluralidad de tubos de desagüe y ventilación.  To drain the contents of the niches, a plurality of drainage and ventilation pipes are connected to them.
En la parte frontal de los nichos se dispone una tapa sobrepuesta o ligeramente pegada a la base y paredes laterales, con un asa de extracción. De esta manera los nichos permanecerán tapados hasta su uso. Cuando el nicho sea ocupado, esta tapa se retirara y se dará la vuelta, sellándose mediante pasta de unión específica, lo que dejará totalmente cerrado el nicho, salvo las conexiones de los tubos de desagüe y ventilación situadas en la parte trasera.  On the front of the niches there is a cover superimposed or slightly attached to the base and side walls, with an extraction handle. In this way the niches will remain covered until use. When the niche is occupied, this cover will be removed and will be turned around, sealed by means of specific bonding paste, which will leave the niche completely closed, except for the connections of the drainage and ventilation pipes located at the rear.
El conjunto anterior se cubre mediante cerramientos realizados, ventajosamente, en el mismo panel recubierto de micromortero plástico que se utiliza para los nichos. El bastidor transversal frontal puede equiparse de tapajuntas para mejorar su resistencia a la corrosión. De esta forma el conjunto queda cerrado e impermeabilizado.  The previous set is covered by enclosures made, advantageously, on the same panel covered with plastic micromortero that is used for niches. The front transverse frame can be equipped with flashing to improve its corrosion resistance. In this way the set is closed and waterproofed.
Las ventajas de la construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios de la invención son numerosas, así:  The advantages of the prefabricated construction of funerary niches of the invention are numerous, as follows:
• Es rápido y limpio de ejecución, ya que sus componentes son ligeros, no se utilizan ladrillos ni hormigón, e incluso los nichos pueden llegar prefabricados al lugar de instalación.  • It is fast and clean to run, as its components are light, no bricks or concrete are used, and even the niches can reach the installation site prefabricated.
• No interfiere en el funcionamiento normal del cementerio. Se consigue una total estanqueidad, asegurando la higiene. • Does not interfere with the normal operation of the cemetery. Total tightness is achieved, ensuring hygiene.
La construcción es resistente a la intemperie, eliminando el riesgo de grietas por oxidación de las armaduras de las construcciones de hormigón.  The construction is resistant to the elements, eliminating the risk of cracks due to oxidation of the reinforcements of concrete constructions.
El sistema permite realizar cualquier diseño (pasillos inclinados, en arco, de forma piramidal, etc., personificando y mejorando la estética de los módulos sin un elevado coste.  The system allows to realize any design (inclined, arched, pyramid-shaped corridors, etc., personifying and improving the aesthetics of the modules without a high cost.
El sistema permite modificaciones de emplazamiento y distribución sin tener que recurrir a demoliciones, ya que la construcción es totalmente reutilizable, y permite trasladar los módulos.  The system allows site and distribution modifications without having to resort to demolitions, since the construction is fully reusable, and allows the modules to be moved.
El sistema permite modulaciones específicas para terrenos inclinados sin grandes cimentaciones, ya que solo se requieren zunchos en las zonas de apoyo y sujeción, permitiendo aprovechar el espacio al máximo.  The system allows specific modulations for sloping terrain without large foundations, since only zunchos are required in the support and support areas, allowing maximum use of space.
El sistema se puede aplicar a nichos para féretros, osarios, o estantes de cenizas, con las dimensiones precisas en cada caso, sin tener que amoldarse a un predimensionado especifico, como sucede en los sistemas de hormigón prefabricado.  The system can be applied to niches for coffins, ossuaries, or ash shelves, with the precise dimensions in each case, without having to conform to a specific pre-dimensioning, as it happens in precast concrete systems.
La estructura portante, sellada e impermeabilizada por el panel de cerramiento queda protegida contra la corrosión. El acabado de micromortero permite cualquier revestimiento, tanto pinturas, como revestimientos pétreos, azulejos, etc., haciéndolo extremadamente duradero.  The supporting structure, sealed and waterproofed by the enclosure panel is protected against corrosion. The micromortero finish allows any coating, both paints, stone slabs, tiles, etc., making it extremely durable.
Breve descripción de los dibujos Brief description of the drawings
Para complementar la descripción que antecede, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor compresión de las características de la invención, se va a exponer una descripción detallada de una realización preferida, en base a un juego de planos que se acompañan a esta memoria descriptiva y en donde, con carácter orientativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente.  To complement the foregoing description, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, a detailed description of a preferred embodiment will be set forth, based on a set of drawings that accompany this specification and where, for guidance and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented.
La figura 1 muestra una sección horizontal, en planta, de la construcción prefabricada de la invención.  Figure 1 shows a horizontal section, in plan, of the prefabricated construction of the invention.
La figura 2 muestra una semisección vertical por ll-ll de la figura 1.  Figure 2 shows a vertical semi-section along ll-ll of Figure 1.
La figura 3 muestra una vista en alzado de uno de los bastidores transversales. La figura 4 muestra una vista en alzado de uno de los bastidores longitudinales. Figure 3 shows an elevation view of one of the transverse frames. Figure 4 shows an elevation view of one of the longitudinal frames.
En las anteriores figuras, las referencias numéricas corresponden a las siguientes partes y elementos:  In the previous figures, the numerical references correspond to the following parts and elements:
1. Nicho  1. Niche
2. Bastidores transversales  2. Cross Racks
3. Montantes horizontales  3. Horizontal uprights
4. Montantes verticales  4. Uprights
5. Bastidores longitudinales  5. Longitudinal frames
6. Tubos de desagüe y ventilación  6. Drain and ventilation pipes
7. Tapa  7. Cover
8. Asa de extracción  8. Extraction handle
9. Bastidor posterior  9. Back Frame
10. Tapajuntas  10. Flashing
Descripción detallada de una realización preferida Detailed description of a preferred embodiment
Como puede verse en las figuras, la construcción prefabricada de la invención consta de una pluralidad de nichos (1) formados por un cajón realizado con paneles de núcleo de espuma rígida de poliestireno extrusionado, reforzado en cada lado mediante malla de polietileno. El cajón se realiza uniendo el panel de base a los laterales y al del fondo mediante cinta de refuerzo y pasta de anclaje, colocando posteriormente el panel superior mediante cordón sellador. Finalmente se recubre todo el conjunto con micromortero plástico.  As can be seen in the figures, the prefabricated construction of the invention consists of a plurality of niches (1) formed by a drawer made of rigid foam core panels of extruded polystyrene, reinforced on each side by polyethylene mesh. The drawer is made by joining the base panel to the sides and to the bottom by means of reinforcement tape and anchor paste, then placing the top panel by means of sealant cord. Finally the whole set is covered with plastic micromortero.
La estructura portante está constituida por tres bastidores transversales (2) provistos de montantes horizontales (3) y montantes verticales (4) para formar una retícula en la que se introducen y apoyan los nichos (1), y por dos bastidores longitudinales (5), colocados uno a cada lado, en función de arriostramiento.  The bearing structure is constituted by three transverse frames (2) provided with horizontal uprights (3) and vertical uprights (4) to form a grid in which the niches (1) are inserted and supported, and by two longitudinal frames (5) , placed one on each side, depending on bracing.
Para drenar los nichos se conectan a estos una pluralidad de tubos de desagüe y ventilación (6).  To drain the niches, a plurality of drainage and ventilation pipes (6) are connected to them.
El cajón abierto que forma los nichos (1) se cierra por su parte delantera con una tapa (7) ligeramente pegada a la base y laterales, presentando un asa de extracción (8).  The open drawer that forms the niches (1) is closed at its front with a lid (7) slightly attached to the base and sides, presenting an extraction handle (8).
En este caso particular, al tratarse de una construcción de una sola hilera de nichos se protegen los tubos de desagüe y ventilación mediante un bastidor posterior (9), unido a los bastidores longitudinales (5) laterales. Finalmente todo el conjunto se cubre con un cerramiento realizado en el mismo tipo de panel recubierto con micromortero plástico que se utiliza para los nichos (1). No se ha representado por motivos de claridad. In this particular case, since it is a single-row construction of niches, the drainage and ventilation pipes are protected by a rear frame (9), connected to the lateral longitudinal frames (5). Finally, the whole assembly is covered with an enclosure made of the same type of panel covered with plastic micromortero that is used for niches (1). It has not been represented for reasons of clarity.
Para evitar la corrosión del bastidor transversal situado en el frontal, este se cubre con el mismo panel y acabados que el resto de cerramientos, a modo de tapajuntas (10).  To prevent corrosion of the transverse frame located on the front, it is covered with the same panel and finishes as the rest of the enclosures, by way of flashing (10).
Respecto a la realización industrial, los nichos (1) podrán realizarse en el lugar de la instalación (transporte más simple) o suministrarse prefabricados(Mas rapidez y limpieza, en montaje en obra). Los bastidores se protegerán de forma convencional mediante pintura, galvanizado o cualquier otro medio conveniente. En el caso de nichos dobles, espalda contra espalda, el bastidor posterior (9) y su cerramiento asociado no son necesarios.  With respect to the industrial realization, the niches (1) may be made at the installation site (simpler transport) or be supplied prefabricated (more quickly and cleanly, on site construction). The racks will be protected in a conventional manner by painting, galvanizing or any other convenient means. In the case of double niches, back to back, the rear frame (9) and its associated enclosure are not necessary.
Serán evidentes para el experto en la materia una serie de alternativas y variantes que, respetando la esencialidad de la invención, adapten la ejecución al diseño y a los medios de producción disponibles.  A series of alternatives and variants that, while respecting the essentiality of the invention, adapt the execution to the design and available means of production will be evident to the person skilled in the art.

Claims

Reivindicaciones Claims
Construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, caracterizada por comprender: una pluralidad de nichos (1), formados por un cajón abierto en su parte anterior, realizados con paneles de núcleo de espuma rígida de poliestireno extrusionado con medios de refuerzo en cada lado, acoplados entre sí mediante medios de unión adecuados, una estructura portante constituida por una pluralidad de bastidores transversales Prefabricated construction of funerary niches, characterized by comprising: a plurality of niches (1), formed by a drawer open at the front, made with rigid extruded polystyrene foam core panels with reinforcement means on each side, coupled together by means of suitable joining means, a supporting structure consisting of a plurality of transverse frames
(2) provistos de montantes horizontales (2) provided with horizontal uprights
(3) y montantes verticales (3) and uprights
(4) para formar una retícula en la que se introducen y apoyan los nichos (1), y por varios bastidores longitudinales (5), una pluralidad de tapas (7), que cierran frontalmente los nichos (1), una pluralidad de tubos de desagüe y ventilación (6) conectados a la parte posterior de los nichos (1), una pluralidad de cerramientos, (4) to form a grid in which the niches (1) are introduced and supported, and by several longitudinal frames (5), a plurality of covers (7), which frontally close the niches (1), a plurality of tubes drainage and ventilation (6) connected to the back of the niches (1), a plurality of enclosures,
Construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que los medios de refuerzo comprenden malla de polietileno. Prefabricated construction of funerary niches, according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing means comprise polyethylene mesh.
Construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que los medios de refuerzo de los paneles comprenden un tejido de fibra de vidrio con apresto alcalirresistente. Construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que los medios de unión de los paneles comprenden cinta de refuerzo y pasta de anclaje convencionales. Prefabricated construction of funerary niches, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of reinforcing the panels comprise a fiberglass fabric with alkali-resistant finish. Prefabricated construction of funerary niches, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of joining the panels comprise conventional reinforcing tape and anchoring paste.
5. Construcción prefabricada de nichos funerarios, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que los medios de unión de los paneles comprenden un cordón de sellado. 5. Prefabricated construction of funerary niches, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of joining the panels comprise a sealing cord.
PCT/ES2012/070277 2011-11-15 2012-04-25 Prefabricated burial niche constructions WO2013072534A1 (en)

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ESU201131182 2011-11-15
ES201131182U ES1075910Y (en) 2011-11-15 2011-11-15 PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTIONS OF NICHE FUNERARIES

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ES2534730B1 (en) * 2013-10-25 2015-11-18 Juan Carlos Del Campo Toribio Modular funerary niches of light panels without structure
IL253936B (en) 2017-08-09 2019-05-30 R Portal Project Man Ltd Saturated burial construction and method
US11988005B2 (en) * 2020-07-14 2024-05-21 Raymond Conrad, JR. Crypt system

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