WO2013071705A1 - 自行车用轮毂发电机 - Google Patents
自行车用轮毂发电机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013071705A1 WO2013071705A1 PCT/CN2012/070221 CN2012070221W WO2013071705A1 WO 2013071705 A1 WO2013071705 A1 WO 2013071705A1 CN 2012070221 W CN2012070221 W CN 2012070221W WO 2013071705 A1 WO2013071705 A1 WO 2013071705A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stator yoke
- yoke
- stator
- hub
- piece
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/06—Arrangement of lighting dynamos or drives therefor
- B62J6/12—Dynamos arranged in the wheel hub
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/145—Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
Definitions
- the utility model relates to a generator, in particular to a generator applied to a bicycle.
- Existing bicycle power generating hubs generally include: an inner stator assembly secured to the hub axle and an outer hub shell assembly rotatable relative to the hub center shaft.
- the inner stator assembly is provided with a hub central shaft, two stator yokes, a cylindrical core yoke connecting the two stator yokes, a skeleton and a winding coil;
- the outer rotor assembly is provided with a hub shell, an end cover, and a surface of the inner ring of the casing is provided with a permanent magnet.
- the permanent magnet the N pole and the S pole are evenly spaced, and correspond to the stator yoke respectively, and the plurality of spokes of the front wheel are fixed on the flanges on both sides of the hub shell.
- the stator yoke is basically manufactured by an electrician pure iron plate with high workability, which will reduce the power generation efficiency due to eddy current generated during power generation.
- a yoke composed of a plurality of plate-like laminated sheets is used instead of an yoke made of an electric iron plate, which effectively reduces eddy currents during power generation and improves power generation efficiency.
- the laminated yoke cannot effectively utilize the space inside the coil, and the leakage magnetic flux is large, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency.
- the existing sealing structure at the hub of the power generating hub and the end cap bearing tends to cause dust or muddy water to enter the bearing, affecting the performance and life of the power generating hub.
- the present invention provides a bicycle hub generator which has a simple structure yoke to reduce eddy current and leakage flux during power generation, and to improve power generation efficiency and sealing effect.
- a bicycle hub generator comprising a hub central axle fixed to a bicycle, said hub An inner stator assembly and an outer rotor assembly rotatable relative to a central axis of the hub are fixed on the central shaft, the outer rotor assembly includes a hub shell, and both ends of the hub shell are fixed to the hub shaft by bearings a permanent magnet is disposed on an inner surface of the hub shell, the inner stator assembly includes a tubular frame fixed on a shaft of the hub, the bobbin is wound with a loop coil, and the two ends of the loop coil are respectively axially a plurality of sets of first stator yokes and a plurality of sets of second stator yokes are disposed on the circumference, wherein: the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are composed of a plurality of layers of silicon steel laminations, The first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are identical in shape and have an open frame shape, and the first stator yoke and the
- the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are each composed of 8 sheets of silicon steel lamination, which are, in order, a first piece, a second piece, a third piece, a fourth piece, a fifth piece, a sixth piece,
- the seventh and eighth pieces, the second to the seventh pieces have the same length on the outer side, and the lengths of the first piece and the eighth piece in the radial direction are smaller than the length of the second to the seventh piece on the outer side, the first The length of the three to six pieces on the connecting side is the same, the length of the second piece and the seventh piece on the connecting side is smaller than the length of the third to six pieces on the connecting side, and the first piece and the eighth piece are on the connecting side.
- the length is less than the length of the second and seventh sheets on the joined side.
- the cylindrical core yoke is in the shape of a notched ring, and the cylindrical core yoke is disposed inside the skeleton.
- the outer side of the bearing of the outer rotor assembly is respectively provided with a sealing ring, and the outer end faces of the two ends of the hub shell are respectively provided with a sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring is disposed in the groove of the sealing ring , the radially outer lip portion of the sealing ring, the sealing ring groove interference fit, the diameter of the sealing ring The inward lip contacts the hub center shaft.
- both sides of the skeleton are provided with a first skeleton flange and a second skeleton flange, and the first skeleton flange and the second skeleton flange are respectively arranged in the circumferential direction with a plurality of sets of first skeleton grooves a slot and a plurality of sets of second frame grooves, wherein the first frame groove and the second frame groove are staggered and circumferentially offset from each other, and the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are respectively embedded in the The first skeleton groove and the second skeleton groove.
- the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are formed of a silicon steel lamination, and the width on the inner side is formed in a stepped shape, and when the inner side is disposed on the radially inner side of the skeleton, space can be utilized as much as possible to ensure the entire
- the magnetic circuit has the largest cross-sectional area, and the outermost laminations in the radially outer diameter portion have different lengths, which can reduce the magnetic leakage between the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke in the circumferential direction.
- Skeleton seals on both sides of the hub shell prevent foreign matter such as dust, mud, mist, etc. from entering the interior of the generator hub.
- the permanent magnet rotates relative to the inner stator assembly fixed on the central shaft of the hub, so that the permanent magnet surrounds the toroidal coil and the first stator yoke And rotating outside the second stator yoke, when the outer side of the first stator yoke receives the N-pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet, the outer side of the second stator yoke receives the S-pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet. In contrast, when the outer side of the first stator yoke receives the S-pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet, the outer side of the second stator yoke receives the N-pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet.
- the hub generator is repeatedly alternately in the following two states: the first state, the first stator yoke is the S pole, the second stator yoke is the N pole, and the second state, the first stator yoke is the N pole,
- the second stator yoke is an S pole.
- the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model improves the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke, so as to reduce eddy current and leakage flux during power generation, improve power generation efficiency, and set through the sealing ring Improved sealing performance and waterproof performance.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of the embodiment.
- FIG 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the first stator yoke or the second stator yoke.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a first stator yoke or a second stator yoke.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the skeleton of the embodiment.
- Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the skeleton of the embodiment.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cylindrical core yoke of the embodiment.
- Figure 8 is a partial exploded view of the inner stator assembly of the present embodiment.
- Figure 9 is a front cross-sectional view of the outer rotor assembly of the present embodiment.
- Figure 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the outer rotor assembly of the present embodiment.
- Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the relative relationship between the permanent magnet and the yoke of the present embodiment.
- Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the skeleton sealing mechanism of the present embodiment.
- Figure 13 is a comparison diagram of output power of the present embodiment.
- a bicycle hub generator is mounted on the left and right sides 9a and 9b of the bicycle front wheel front fork, and the hub generator includes a hub having both end ends fixed to the front forks 9a and 9b.
- the inner surface of the hub shell 3 is interference-fitted with a permanent magnet steel bushing 4, and the permanent magnet 5 is bonded to the inner ring surface of the permanent magnet steel bushing 4, and the permanent magnet 5 is evenly distributed by four pieces.
- the magnetic tile is composed, and the permanent magnet 5 is magnetized into 14 N poles and 14 S poles which are evenly staggered.
- the outer sides of the bearings 11, 12 are respectively provided with a skeleton Sealing rings 30, 31, one end of the hub shell is provided with a hub end cover, and the outer end faces of the hub shell or the hub end cap 8 are respectively provided with sealing ring grooves 17, 18, and the skeleton sealing rings 30, 31 are respectively arranged on the sealing ring In the grooves 17, 18, the skeleton seals 30, 31 rotate with the hub shell 3.
- the radially outer lip portion 27 of the skeleton seal 31 is interference-fitted with the seal groove 18, and the skeleton type
- the radially inner lip 28 of the sealing ring contacts the hub central shaft.
- the radial outer lip portion 35 of the skeleton sealing ring 30 is interference-fitted with the sealing ring groove, and the radially inner lip of the sealing ring
- the portion 36 contacts the hub central shaft to prevent foreign matter such as dust, muddy water, mist, and the like from entering the inside of the power generating hub.
- the sealing structure has the advantages of simple, reliable, and low rotational resistance, and can completely prevent moisture from entering the inside of the hub even if the entire hub is placed in water.
- the inner stator assembly 13 includes a tubular frame 23 fixed to the hub 10 of the hub.
- the frame 23 is injection molded from a plastic material.
- the frame 23 is wound with a toroidal coil 26, and the ends of the frame 23 are respectively provided with
- the first skeleton flange 24 and the second skeleton flange 25 are respectively provided with 14 first skeleton grooves 14 and 14 second skeleton grooves in the circumferential direction of the first skeleton method 24 and the second skeleton flange 25, respectively.
- the first skeletal groove and the second skeletal groove are staggered and circumferentially offset from each other by 12.86 degrees, and the first stator magnetic body is respectively embedded in the first skeletal groove 14 and the second skeletal groove 15
- the yoke 21 and the second stator yoke 22, the first stator yoke 21 and the second stator yoke 22 are identical in shape and have an open frame shape, and the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke opening are opposed to each other and are alternately arranged.
- the first stator yoke 21 and the second stator yoke 22 each include an inner side 21a (22a), an outer side 21b (22b), and a connecting side 21c (22c) connecting the inner side and the outer side, the first stator yoke
- the inner side 21a and the inner side 22a of the second stator yoke are alternately disposed on the inner side of the skeleton, and the inner side of the first stator yoke is The axial end of the inner side of the second stator yoke is connected by a cylindrical core yoke 20, the axial end surface of the inner side of the first stator yoke contacts the side connecting the cylindrical core yoke, and the second stator yoke The axial end surface of the inner side contacts the other side of the cylindrical core yoke 20, and the outer edges 21b, 22b of the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke are alternately disposed on the outer side of the toroidal coil, as shown in
- the connecting edges 21c, 22c of the sheet are stepped at the inner end, and the outer edges 21b, 22b of the lamination are stepped at the open end.
- the first stator yoke 21 and the second stator yoke 22 are formed by stacking eight 0.5 mm thick non-oriented silicon steel laminations, which are the first piece, the second piece, and the Three, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth, the second to the seventh in the middle are the same length, the outermost first and eighth 211 are outside
- the length of the second to seventh pieces is half of the outer length
- the third to sixth pieces 213 in the middle have the same length on the connecting side
- the lengths of the second and seventh pieces 212 on the outer side are on the connecting side.
- the length of the first and eighth pieces 211 on the outermost side on the connecting side is smaller than the length of the second piece and the seventh piece 212 on the connecting side, ie
- the width of the inner side is stepped, and the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke can fully utilize the size of the inner side of the skeleton to ensure the maximum cross-sectional area of the entire magnetic circuit, and the length of the radial outer diameter can be different. The magnetic leakage in the circumferential direction of the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke is reduced.
- the cylindrical core yoke 20 is in the shape of a notched ring.
- the cylindrical core yoke is disposed inside the skeleton 23.
- the cylindrical core yoke is formed by a non-oriented silicon steel sheet not exceeding 0.5 mm thick and is discontinuous in the circumferential direction.
- the structural cylindrical core yoke can ensure the maximum contact area of the yoke on both sides, that is, the magnetic circuit has the largest cross-sectional area, reduces the magnetic saturation of the magnetic circuit, and reduces the leakage of magnetic flux passing therethrough. It can also compress the eddy current generated during operation to improve power generation efficiency.
- the hub shell 3 is forged by an aluminum alloy and then machined to a design size. Both sides of the hub shell 3 are provided with flanges 6, 7, and the flanges 6, 7 are evenly distributed to mount the spokes 1. The spoke hole at the inner end of 2.
- the first stator yoke and the outer radial claw pole of the second stator yoke in each of the individual magnetic poles and the inner stator assembly correspond to the outer side.
- the outer portions of the first stator yoke 21 and the second stator yoke 22 are located in the toroidal coil.
- the inner side is located inside the radial circumference of the toroidal coil.
- One end of the hub shell 3 is provided with a hub end cap 8 for connecting the generated electric energy to the outside of the hub, and the wire 34 passing through the groove in the end cap bearing bushing from the inner surface of the inner bore of the bearing 12 Through the wire to the junction box fixing bushing 29 In the slot, it is connected to the power output plug 19 and is fixed to the hub center shaft 10 through the junction box 16.
- the front wheel that is, the hub shell 3
- the permanent magnet 5 rotates relative to the inner stator assembly 13 fixed to the hub center shaft 10, so that the permanent magnet 5 surrounds the toroidal coil 26.
- Rotating with the outer sides of the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke when the outer side of the first stator yoke 21 receives the N-pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 5, the outer side of the second stator yoke 22 is from the permanent magnet 5 Receive S pole flux.
- the outer side of the first stator yoke 21 receives the S pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 5
- the outer side of the second stator yoke 22 receives the N pole magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 5.
- First state first stator magnet Yoke 21 is
- the S pole, the second stator yoke 22 is an N pole, and in the second state, the first stator yoke 21 is an N pole, and the second stator yoke is an S pole.
- the alternating magnetic flux passes through the inner sides of the first stator yoke and the second stator yoke located inside the radial circumference of the toroidal coil, so that an alternating magnetic flux is generated inside the toroidal coil, and the toroidal coil generates a current.
- Figure 13 shows the power output graph for the hub generator. It can be clearly seen that the output power of the hub motor of the present invention is significantly increased compared to the output power of the existing hub generator.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
一种自行车用轮毂发电机,包括内定子组件(13)和外转子组件,内定子组件(13)包括环形线圈(26),环形线圈(26)轴向方向的两端分别沿圆周开口相向并且交错设置有多组第一定子磁轭(21)和多组第二定子磁轭,第一定子磁轭(21)和第二定子磁轭由多层硅钢叠片构成,第一定子磁轭(21)的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边交错设置在骨架内侧,且第一定子磁轭(21)的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端部通过一圆柱芯轭连接,叠片的连接边在内边端成阶梯状,叠片的外边在开口端成阶梯状。通过将第一定子磁轭(21)和第二定子磁轭进行了改进,使得发电时涡流和漏磁通减小,提升了发电效率,并且通过密封圈的设置提高了密封性能、防水性能。
Description
自行车用轮毂发电机
(一) 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种发电机, 尤其涉及一种应用在自行车上的发电机。
(二) 背景技术
现有的自行车发电轮毂,一般包含: 固定于轮毂中轴上的内定子组件和能够相 对于轮毂中轴旋转的外毂壳组件。 内定子组件配置有轮毂中轴、两定子轭、连接两 定子轭的圆柱芯轭、骨架及缠绕线圈; 转子外组件配置有毂壳、 端盖、 壳内环表面 配置有永磁体。永磁体中 N极和 S极均匀间隔分布, 并与定子轭分别的对应, 前轮 的多根辐条固定在毂壳两侧的法兰上。当前轮旋转时,线圈内侧的圆柱芯轭内产生 交变磁通, 从而在线圈内感应出电流, 线圈 一端导线引出毂壳外, 通过一绝缘插 口将毂壳旋转时产生的电源输出。
对于该种发电轮毂,基于外形和成本考虑,定子轭基本采用加工性很高的电工 纯铁板制造, 这将会因发电时产生涡流而降低发电效率。针对该问题, 现有技术中 有采用多个板状叠层片组成的磁轭来代替电工纯铁板制成的磁轭,它有效地降低了 发电时的涡流, 提升发电效率。但尚有不足, 该种叠层磁轭不能有效利用线圈内侧 的空间, 且漏磁通量大, 降低发电效率。 另外, 现有发电轮毂毂壳和端盖轴承处的 密封结构容易导致灰尘或泥水进入轴承内, 影响发电轮毂的性能和寿命。
(三) 发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述不足, 本实用新型提供一种结构简单磁轭, 以减小 发电时涡流和漏磁通, 提升发电效率及密封效果的自行车轮毂发电机。
本实用新型解决其技术问题的技术方案是:
一种自行车用轮毂发电机, 包括固定在自行车上的轮毂中轴, 所述的轮毂
中轴上固定有内定子组件和能够相对轮毂中轴旋转的外转子组件, 所述的外转 子组件包括毂壳, 所述的毂壳的两端通过轴承固定在所述的轮毂中轴上, 毂壳 的内表面上配置有永磁体, 所述的内定子组件包括固定在轮毂中轴上的管状骨 架, 所述的骨架上绕有环形线圈, 所述的环形线圈轴向方向的两端分别圆周设 置有多组第一定子磁轭和多组第二定子磁轭, 其特征在于: 所述的第一定子磁 轭和第二定子磁轭由多层硅钢叠片构成, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭 形状相同且为开口框形, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭开口相向并且交 错设置, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭均包括有内边、 外边和连接内边 和外边的连接边, 所述的第一定子磁轭的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边交错设置 在骨架的内侧, 且第一定子磁轭的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端部通过 一圆柱芯轭连接, 所述的第一定子磁轭的内边的轴向端面接触连接所述圆柱芯 轭的一侧, 所述的第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端面接触连接所述圆柱芯轭的另 一侧, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的外边交错设置在环形线圈的外侧, 所述叠片的连接边在内边端成阶梯状, 所述叠片的外边在开口端成阶梯状。
作为优选, 第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭均由 8 片硅钢叠片构成, 依次为 第一片、 第二片、 第三片、 第四片、 第五片、 第六片、 第七片和第八片, 所述 的第二 ~七片在外边的长度相同, 第一片和第八片在径向外的长度小于第二 ~七 片在外边的长度, 所述的第三 ~六片在连接边上的长度相同, 第二片和第七片在 连接边上的长度小于第三 ~六片在连接边上的长度, 第一片和第八片在连接边上 的长度小于第二片和第七片在连接边上的长度。
作为优选, 圆柱芯轭为一缺口环形状, 所述的圆柱芯轭设置在骨架内侧。 作为优选, 外转子组件两端的轴承外侧分别设置有密封圈, 所述的毂壳的 两端的外端面上分别设置有密封圈沟槽, 所述的密封圈设置在所述的密封圈沟 槽内, 所述的密封圈的径向外唇部 ^密封圈沟槽过盈配合, 所述的密封圈的径
向内唇部接触轮毂中轴。
作为优选, 骨架的两侧设置有第一骨架法兰和第二骨架法兰, 所述的第一 骨架法兰和第二骨架法兰的圆周方向上分别均勾分布有多组第一骨架沟槽和多 组第二骨架沟槽, 第一骨架沟槽和第二骨架沟槽交错设置且相互间周向偏移, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭分别嵌入设置在所述的第一骨架沟槽和第 二骨架沟槽内。
第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭由硅钢叠片构成,且在内边上的宽度形成一阶梯 状, 则内边设置在骨架的径向内侧时, 能够尽量利用空间, 以保证整个磁路的横截 面积最大,在径向外径部分的最外侧的叠片使其长度不一, 能减小第一定子磁轭和 第二定子磁轭圆周方向间的磁漏。 在毂壳两侧的骨架式密封圈能阻止灰尘、 泥水、 雾气等外来杂质侵入发电轮毂内部。
当自行车向前骑行, 前轮旋转, 毂壳相对于轮毂中轴旋转时, 永磁体相对于固 定在轮毂中轴上的内定子组件旋转,从而永磁体环绕环形线圈和第一定子磁轭和第 二定子磁轭的外边旋转, 当第一定子磁轭的外边从永磁体接收 N极磁通时, 第二 定子磁轭的外边从永磁体接收 S极磁通。相反,当第一定子磁轭外边从永磁体接收 S极磁通时,第二定子磁轭外边从永磁体接收 N极磁通。则轮毂发电机重复交替地 处于以下两种状态: 第一种状态第一定子磁轭为 S极, 第二定子磁轭为 N极, 第 二种状态第一定子磁轭为 N极, 第二定子磁轭为 S极。 作为结果, 交替的磁通通 过位于环形线圈径向圆周内侧的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的内边,从而环形线 圈内部产生交变磁通, 环形线圈产生电流, 电流通过导线传输出到接线盒。 本实用新型的有益效果在于: 本实用新型将第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭 进行了改进, 使得减小发电时涡流和漏磁通, 提升了发电效率, 并且通过密封 圈的设置提高了密封性能、 防水性能。
(四) 附图说明
图 1是本实用新型的外部结构示意图。
图 2是本实施例的部分剖视结构示意图。
图 3是第一定子磁轭或第二定子磁轭的立体结构示意图。
图 4是第一定子磁轭或第二定子磁轭的侧视图。
图 5是本实施例骨架的剖视图。
图 6是实施例骨架的侧视图。
图 7是本实施例圆柱芯轭的结构示意图。
图 8是本实施例的内定子组件的部分***结构示意图。
图 9是本实施例的外转子组件的前剖视图。
图 10是本实施例的外转子组件的侧剖视图。
图 11是本实施例的永磁体和磁轭相对关系的剖视图。
图 12是本实施例的骨架式密封机构的剖视图。
图 13是本实施例的输出功率对比图。
(五) 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。
如图 1、 2所示, 一种自行车用轮毂发电机, 安装在自行车前轮前叉左右两侧 9a和 9b底端, 轮毂发电机包括两侧端部固定在前叉 9a和 9b上的轮毂中轴 10, 固 定在轮毂中轴 10上的内定子组件 13, 和能相对内定子组件 13旋转的外转子组件, 外转子组件包括毂壳 3, 毂壳 3通过轴承 11、 12固定在轮毂中轴上。
如图 9、 10所示, 毂壳 3内表面上过盈配合有永磁体钢衬套 4, 永磁体 5粘接 在永磁体钢衬套 4内环表面,永磁体 5由 4片均匀分布的磁瓦组成,永磁体 5被充 磁成均勾交错分布的 14个 N极和 14个 S极。轴承 11、 12的外侧分别设置有骨架
式密封圈 30、 31 , 毂壳的一端设置轮毂端盖, 毂壳或轮毂端盖 8的外端面上分别 设置有密封圈沟槽 17、 18, 骨架式密封圈 30、 31分别设置在密封圈沟槽 17、 18 内, 骨架式密封圈 30、 31随毂壳 3旋转, 如图 12所示, 骨架式密封圈 31的径向 外唇部 27与密封圈沟槽 18过盈配合, 骨架式密封圈的径向内唇部 28接触轮毂中 轴, 同理, 如图 12所示, 骨架式密封圈 30径向外唇部 35与密封圈沟槽过盈配合, 密封圈的径向内唇部 36接触轮毂中轴, 能阻止灰尘、 泥水、 雾气等外来杂质侵入 发电轮毂内部。 与现有发电轮毂密封结构相比, 该种密封结构具有简单、可靠、 旋 转阻力小的优点, 即使将整个轮毂放入水中, 也能够完全阻止水分进入轮毂内部。
如图 5、 6所示, 内定子组件 13包括固定在轮毂中轴 10上的管状骨架 23, 骨 架 23由塑胶材料注塑成型, 骨架 23上绕有环形线圈 26, 骨架 23的两端分别设置 有第一骨架法兰 24、 第二骨架法兰 25, 第一骨架法 24和第二骨架法兰 25的圆周 方向上分别均勾分布有 14个第一骨架沟槽 14和 14个第二骨架沟槽 15,第一骨架 沟槽和第二骨架沟槽交错设置且相互间周向偏移 12.86度, 在第一骨架沟槽 14和 第二骨架沟槽 15内分别嵌入设置有第一定子磁轭 21和第二定子磁轭 22, 第一定 子磁轭 21和第二定子磁轭 22形状相同且为开口框形,第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁 轭开口相向并且交错设置, 第一定子磁轭 21 和第二定子磁轭 22 均包括有内边 21a(22a)、 外边 21b(22b)和连接内边和外边的连接边 21c(22c), 第一定子磁轭的内 边 21a和第二定子磁轭的内边 22a交错设置在骨架的内侧,且第一定子磁轭的内边 和第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端部通过一圆柱芯轭 20连接, 第一定子磁轭的内边 的轴向端面接触连接所述圆柱芯轭的一侧,第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端面接触连 接圆柱芯轭 20的另一侧,第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的外边 21b、 22b交错设置 在环形线圈的外侧, 如图 3所示, 叠片的连接边 21c、 22c在内边端成阶梯状, 叠 片的外边 21b、 22b在开口端成阶梯状。
图 3、图 4所示,第一定子磁轭 21和第二定子磁轭 22由 8片 0.5mm厚的无取 向硅钢叠片叠压而成, 依次为第一片、第二片、第三片、第四片、第五片、第六片、 第七片和第八片, 位于中间的第二~七片在外边的长度相同, 最外侧的第一片和第 八片 211 在外边的长度为第二 ~七片在外边的长度的一半, 位于中间的第三~六片 213在连接边上的长度相同,位于次外侧的第二片和第七片 212在连接边上的长度 小于第三" "六片 213在连接边上的长度, 位于最外侧的第一片和第八片 211在连接 边上的长度小于第二片和第七片 212在连接边上的长度,即内边的宽度是呈阶梯状 的,则第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭能充分利用骨架内侧的尺寸以保证整个磁路的 横截面积最大,径向外径的长度不一能减小第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭圆周方向 的磁漏。
图 7所示, 圆柱芯轭 20为一缺口环形状, 圆柱芯轭设置在骨架 23内侧, 圆柱 芯轭由不超过 0.5mm厚的无取向硅钢片成型且在圆周方向是不连续的, 本实施例 为 lmm宽沟槽, 该种结构圆柱芯轭既能保证两侧磁轭的接触面积最大, 即磁路的 横截面积最大, 减小磁路的磁饱和, 减小通过此处的磁通量泄露, 又能压缩工作时 产生的涡流从而提高发电效率。
如图 1所示,毂壳 3由铝合金锻造成型后机械加工至设计尺寸,毂壳 3的两侧 均设置有法兰 6、 7, 法兰 6、 7上均匀分布有用以安装辐条 1、 2的内端的辐条孔。
如图 9所示,每一单独磁极和内定子组件中的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的 外径向爪极即外边相对应。
如图 8所示, 第一定子磁轭 21和第二定子磁轭 22的外边部分位于环形线圈
26和永磁体 5之间, 内边位于环形线圈径向圆周内侧。 毂壳 3的一端设置有轮毂 端盖 8, 环形线圈连接的导线 34用以将产生的电能引出到轮毂外侧, 导线 34通过 端盖轴承衬套中的沟槽从轴承 12的内孔圆周表面下穿过到接线盒固定衬套 29的线
槽内, 连接到电源输出插头 19并通过接线盒 16固定于轮毂中轴 10上。
当自行车向前骑行, 前轮, 即毂壳 3相对于轮毂中轴 10旋转时, 永磁体 5相 对于固定在轮毂中轴 10上的内定子组件 13旋转, 从而永磁体 5环绕环形线圈 26 和第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的外边旋转, 当第一定子磁轭 21的外边从永磁体 5接收 N极磁通时, 第二定子磁轭 22的外边从永磁体 5接收 S极磁通。 相反, 当 第一定子磁轭 21外边从永磁体 5接收 S极磁通时,第二定子磁轭 22外边从永磁体 5接收 N极磁通。
如图 11所示, 通过永磁体 5围绕第一定子磁轭 21和第二定子磁轭 22的外边 的旋转, 发电轮毂重复交替地处于以下两种状态: 第一种状态第一定子磁轭 21为
S极, 第二定子磁轭 22为 N极, 第二种状态第一定子磁轭 21为 N极, 第二定子 磁轭为 S极。作为结果,交替的磁通通过位于环形线圈径向圆周内侧的第一定子磁 轭和第二定子磁轭的内边, 从而环形线圈内部产生交变磁通, 环形线圈产生电流。 图 13所示, 为轮毂发电机输出功率图表。 可以清楚地看到, 本实用新型轮毂发 电机的输出功率较现有轮毂发电机的输出功率具有显著地增加。
Claims
1、一种自行车用轮毂发电机,包括固定在自行车上的轮毂中轴, 所述的轮毂中 轴上固定有内定子组件和能够相对轮毂中轴旋转的外转子组件, 所述的外转子 组件包括毂壳, 所述的毂壳的两端通过轴承固定在所述的轮毂中轴上, 毂壳的 内表面上配置有永磁体, 所述的内定子组件包括固定在轮毂中轴上的管状骨架, 所述的骨架上绕有环形线圈, 所述的环形线圈轴向方向的两端分别圆周设置有 多组第一定子磁轭和多组第二定子磁轭, 其特征在于: 所述的第一定子磁轭和 第二定子磁轭由多层硅钢叠片构成, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭形状 相同且为开口框形, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭开口相向并且交错设 置, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭均包括有内边、 外边和连接内边和外 边的连接边, 所述的第一定子磁轭的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边交错设置在骨 架的内侧, 且第一定子磁轭的内边和第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端部通过一圆 柱芯轭连接, 所述的第一定子磁轭的内边的轴向端面接触连接所述圆柱芯轭的 一侧, 所述的第二定子磁轭的内边的轴向端面接触连接所述圆柱芯轭的另一侧, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二定子磁轭的外边交错设置在环形线圈的外侧, 所述 叠片的连接边在内边端成阶梯状, 所述叠片的外边在开口端成阶梯状。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的自行车用轮毂发电机, 其特征在于: 所述的第一定子 磁轭和第二定子磁轭均由 8片硅钢叠片构成, 依次为第一片、 第二片、 第三片、 第四片、 第五片、 第六片、 第七片和第八片, 所述的第二〜七片在外边的长度相 同, 第一片和第八片在径向外的长度小于第二〜七片在外边的长度, 所述的第三 ~六片在连接边上的长度相同, 第二片和第七片在连接边上的长度小于第三~六 片在连接边上的长度, 第一片和第八片在连接边上的长度小于第二片和第七片 在连接边上的长度。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的自行车用轮毂发电机, 其特征在于: 所述的圆柱 芯轭为一缺口环形状, 所述的圆柱芯轭设置在骨架内侧。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的自行车用轮毂发电机, 其特征在于: 所述的外转子组 件两端的轴承外侧分别设置有密封圈, 所述的毂壳的两端的外端面上分别设置 有密封圈沟槽, 所述的密封圈设置在所述的密封圈沟槽内, 所述的密封圈的径 向外唇部与密封圈沟槽过盈配合, 所述的密封圈的径向内唇部接触轮毂中轴。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的自行车轮毂发电机, 其特征在于: 所述的骨架的两侧 设置有第一骨架法兰和第二骨架法兰, 所述的第一骨架法兰和第二骨架法兰的 圆周方向上分别均匀分布有多组第一骨架沟槽和多组第二骨架沟槽, 第一骨架 沟槽和第二骨架沟槽交错设置且相互间周向偏移, 所述的第一定子磁轭和第二 定子磁轭分别嵌入设置在所述的第一骨架沟槽和第二骨架沟槽内。
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CN2316764Y (zh) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-04-28 | 陈品森 | 内外双磁场直流电动车轮 |
DE20107523U1 (de) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-07-12 | Leroy Somer Moteurs | Umlaufende elektrische Maschine mit einem Rotor mit Flußkonzentration und einem Stator mit bewickelten Zähnen |
CN101056031A (zh) * | 2006-04-15 | 2007-10-17 | Sram德国有限公司 | 轮毂电机 |
JP2011109758A (ja) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd | 永久磁石同期型モータに用いるロータ及びその製造方法 |
CN102223036A (zh) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-10-19 | 东南大学 | 混合励磁e形铁芯轴向磁场永磁无刷电机 |
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CN2316764Y (zh) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-04-28 | 陈品森 | 内外双磁场直流电动车轮 |
DE20107523U1 (de) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-07-12 | Leroy Somer Moteurs | Umlaufende elektrische Maschine mit einem Rotor mit Flußkonzentration und einem Stator mit bewickelten Zähnen |
CN101056031A (zh) * | 2006-04-15 | 2007-10-17 | Sram德国有限公司 | 轮毂电机 |
JP2011109758A (ja) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd | 永久磁石同期型モータに用いるロータ及びその製造方法 |
CN102223036A (zh) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-10-19 | 东南大学 | 混合励磁e形铁芯轴向磁场永磁无刷电机 |
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