WO2013069076A1 - 永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機 - Google Patents

永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013069076A1
WO2013069076A1 PCT/JP2011/075562 JP2011075562W WO2013069076A1 WO 2013069076 A1 WO2013069076 A1 WO 2013069076A1 JP 2011075562 W JP2011075562 W JP 2011075562W WO 2013069076 A1 WO2013069076 A1 WO 2013069076A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnet
rotor
rotor core
insertion hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/075562
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌弘 仁吾
馬場　和彦
和慶 土田
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2013542720A priority Critical patent/JP5752260B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2011/075562 priority patent/WO2013069076A1/ja
Priority to CN201180074502.3A priority patent/CN103907267B/zh
Publication of WO2013069076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013069076A1/ja

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148—Sectional cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotor of an embedded permanent magnet electric motor, an electric motor using the rotor, a compressor using the electric motor, and an air conditioner using the compressor.
  • a field pole is arranged in a rotational direction so that a second permanent magnet having a smaller residual magnetism than the first permanent magnet is positioned between the first permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic flux density from the field pole to the stator is formed with respect to the stator so that the magnetic flux density by the second permanent magnet is lower than the magnetic flux density by the first permanent magnet.
  • the residual magnetic flux density of an Nd—Fe—B (neodymium-iron-boron) rare earth magnet reaches about three times the residual magnetic flux density of a ferrite magnet.
  • the problem is that the magnetic flux density becomes too higher than the magnetic flux density by the second permanent magnet, the difference in strength of the magnetic flux density distribution generated on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor increases, the ripple of the generated torque of the motor increases, and the sound vibration increases. was there.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a rotor capable of reducing the size and weight of an embedded permanent magnet electric motor and reducing noise while suppressing an increase in cost, and the rotor.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor used, a compressor using the electric motor, and an air conditioner using the compressor.
  • a rotor according to the present invention is formed in a rotor core formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets, and in an axial direction of the rotor core, One magnet insertion hole per pole formed so as to be convex toward the central axis of the rotor core, and formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and the magnet insertion hole, A plurality of slit holes that are symmetrical along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core with respect to the center line, and one first permanent magnet per pole that is inserted in the circumferential center of the magnet insertion hole A magnetic pole having a lower residual magnetic flux density than the first permanent magnet, sandwiching the first permanent magnet at both circumferential ends of the magnet insertion hole, and forming a magnetic pole together with the first permanent magnet And two second permanent magnets.
  • the present invention it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the embedded permanent magnet electric motor and reduce the noise while suppressing an increase in cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embedded permanent magnet electric motor to which a rotor according to an embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the magnetization directions of the rare earth magnet and the ferrite magnet.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the cross-sectional shape of the ferrite magnet.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of one pole of the rotor core.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when the rotor according to the embodiment has a four-pole configuration.
  • a rotor of an embedded permanent magnet electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, an electric motor using this rotor, a compressor using this electric motor, and this compressor are used.
  • the air conditioner that has been used will be described.
  • this invention is not limited by embodiment shown below.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embedded permanent magnet electric motor to which a rotor according to an embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor according to the embodiment.
  • an embedded permanent magnet electric motor 1 has a plurality of teeth portions 4 around which stator windings (not shown) are wound, equiangularly centered on an axis through a slot portion 5.
  • a stator 2 arranged in the circumferential direction at intervals and a shaft 7 for transmitting rotational energy to the shaft center of the rotor core 6 are connected by shrink fitting, press fitting, etc., and the rotor core 6 is centered on the shaft center.
  • the rotor 3 is rotatably held via an air gap 8 between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2.
  • FIG. 1 an example is shown in which nine teeth portions 4 and nine slot portions 5 of the stator 2 are configured.
  • the number of teeth portions 4 and slot portions 5 is the same. The number is not limited to 9, and may be 9 or more.
  • the rotor core 6 is formed with one magnet insertion hole 9 per pole so as to have a convex shape toward the central axis of the rotor core 6.
  • one rare earth magnet (first permanent magnet) 10 per pole of Nd—Fe—B (neodymium-iron-boron) system is inserted into the central portion of the magnet insertion hole 9 in the circumferential direction.
  • Two ferrite magnets (second permanent magnets) 11 are inserted per pole with the magnet 10 interposed therebetween, and one rare earth magnet 10 and two ferrite magnets 11 constitute one magnetic pole.
  • the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 is not limited as long as it is two or more, but FIG. 2 illustrates the case where the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 is six.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the magnetization directions of the rare earth magnet and the ferrite magnet.
  • the arrows shown in FIG. 3 indicate the magnetization directions of the rare earth magnet 10 and the ferrite magnet.
  • the rare earth magnet 10 is a flat plate having a rectangular cross-sectional shape that is long in the circumferential direction, and is oriented parallel to the wide surface.
  • the ferrite magnet 11 is a curved plate whose cross-sectional shape is a bow shape from the circumferential end of the rare earth magnet 10 toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6, and is radially oriented perpendicular to the curved surface.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the cross-sectional shape of the ferrite magnet.
  • the ferrite magnet 11 has a bow shape such that the cross-sectional shape of the ferrite magnet 11 is a part of the ring shape shown in FIG.
  • the thickness in the magnetization direction of the ferrite magnet 11 is configured to be thicker than the thickness in the magnetization direction of the rare earth magnet 10.
  • the thickness of the ferrite magnet 11 in the magnetization direction is more preferably twice or more the thickness of the rare earth magnet 10 in the magnetization direction.
  • the thickness of the rare earth magnet 10 in the magnetization direction is about 2 mm, and the thickness of the ferrite magnet 11 in the magnetization direction is about 5 mm.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of one pole of the rotor core.
  • the rotor core 6 is provided along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 with the center line of the magnetic pole as a reference between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 and the magnet insertion hole 9.
  • a plurality of symmetrical slit holes 12 are formed.
  • each slit hole 12 per pole is formed in a direction that converges to one point in the centrifugal direction of the center line of the magnetic pole.
  • the slit holes 12 may be formed so as to be parallel to each other, or conversely, may be formed in a direction in which they diverge in the centrifugal direction.
  • the rotor core 6 is formed with a shaft hole 13 and a plurality of through holes 14 to which the shaft 7 is connected by shrink fitting, press fitting or the like.
  • the through hole 14 is provided to allow refrigerant or refrigerating machine oil to pass through when the rotor 3 is applied to a compressor motor.
  • the number, position, and shape of the through holes 14 may be other than those shown in FIG.
  • the magnet insertion hole 9 is formed such that a gap 15 is generated at both ends in the circumferential direction of the magnet insertion hole 9 when the rare earth magnet 10 and the ferrite magnet 11 are inserted.
  • the width of the gap 15 in the centrifugal direction is set to be approximately the same as the air gap 8 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2. Due to the gap 15, a thin portion 16 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 and the gap 15.
  • the magnet insertion hole 9 is formed with a stopper portion 17 so that the corner portion of the rare earth magnet 10 contacts the rotor core 6 when the rare earth magnet 10 is inserted.
  • the stopper portion 17 may be formed such that either one or both of the corner portions on the shaft side of the rare earth magnet 10 or both corner portions facing the both corner portions on the shaft side are in contact with the rotor core 6. .
  • the rotor iron core 6 is a thin electromagnetic steel plate (for example, 0.1 to 1) so that the magnet insertion hole 9, the plurality of slit holes 12, the shaft hole 13, and the plurality of through holes 14 are formed.
  • a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a thickness of about 0.0 mm is punched out with a mold, and a predetermined number (multiple sheets) are laminated. Note that the thickness of the thin portion 16 described above is approximately the same as the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet forming the rotor core 6 (in this embodiment, approximately 0.35 mm).
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when the rotor 3 according to the embodiment has a four-pole configuration.
  • the rotor 3 may have a 4-pole configuration. 6 are the same as those of the rotor 3 shown in FIG. 2, and the description thereof is omitted here.
  • one magnet insertion hole 9 is formed per pole so as to project toward the central axis of the rotor core 6, and the circumferential direction of the magnet insertion hole 9 is
  • one rare earth magnet 10 per pole of Nd—Fe—B (neodymium-iron-boron) system is inserted in the center, and two ferrite magnets 11 are inserted per pole with the rare earth magnet 10 sandwiched therebetween.
  • Nd—Fe—B neodymium-iron-boron
  • the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet does not interlink with the stator and generates an energy loss that is short-circuited within the self-magnet. Therefore, it is not preferable to configure the magnetic poles with a plurality of magnets because the self-shorting magnetic flux of each magnet is increased.
  • the self-short-circuit magnetic flux of each magnet is suppressed, and the magnetic flux generated from each magnet is The magnetic pole surface is efficiently linked to the stator 2 using the common magnetic path. For this reason, the size of each magnet can be reduced, and an embedded permanent magnet electric motor that suppresses an increase in cost can be obtained.
  • the magnet torque is generated by the product of the magnetic flux density generated from the magnetic pole and the armature magnetic flux density generated by the stator winding, the closer the both magnetic flux densities are to the sine wave distribution, the higher the harmonics included in the generated torque.
  • An electric motor with reduced wave components and low noise can be obtained.
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the Nd—Fe—B rare earth magnet 10 in the present embodiment reaches about three times the residual magnetic flux density of the ferrite magnet 11, and the strength of the magnetic flux density generated on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3. Since the difference increases, in the present embodiment, the rare earth magnet 10 is formed so as to be convex toward the central axis of the rotor core 6 and the ferrite magnets 11 are inserted on both sides of the rare earth magnet 10. The magnetic flux is allowed to wrap around the front surface of the ferrite magnet 11, and the difference in strength of the magnetic flux density distribution on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 is relaxed to approximate the sine wave distribution.
  • a plurality of slit holes 12 that are symmetrical between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 and the magnet insertion hole 9 along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 with respect to the center line of the magnetic pole. This makes it difficult for the q-axis magnetic flux to pass through and suppresses the occurrence of vibration due to magnetic saliency.
  • the slit hole 12 further relaxes the strength difference of the magnetic flux density distribution on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 and approaches the sine wave distribution, thereby reducing the harmonic component contained in the generated torque.
  • the permanent magnets disposed at both ends in the circumferential direction where the distance from the stator is closest in the magnet insertion hole are most easily affected by the demagnetizing field from the stator and are easily demagnetized.
  • the magnetic flux of the rare earth magnet is used more effectively than the ferrite magnet.
  • it is possible to contribute to higher efficiency and downsizing of the electric motor.
  • the ferrite magnet 11 having a residual magnetic flux density smaller than that of the rare earth magnet 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the magnetic pole boundary, and the rare earth magnet 10 is disposed away from the vicinity of the magnetic pole boundary, thereby
  • the short-circuit magnetic flux and the self-short-circuit magnetic flux are suppressed, the magnetic flux generated by the rare earth magnet 10 is effectively used, and the influence of the demagnetizing field on the rare earth magnet 10 from the stator 2 is suppressed. It is comprised so that it may become.
  • Dy dysprosium
  • the air gap 15 is generated at both ends in the circumferential direction of the magnet insertion hole 9, that is, near the magnetic pole boundary.
  • a thin portion 16 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6 and the gap 15, and this thin portion 16 also suppresses short-circuit magnetic flux and self-short-circuit magnetic flux from the ferrite magnet 11 to the adjacent magnetic pole. Yes.
  • the gap 15 acts as a magnetic resistance, the ferrite magnet 11 is also strong against demagnetization.
  • the thickness of the ferrite magnet 11 in the magnetization direction is set to be greater than the thickness of the magnetization direction of the rare earth magnet 10.
  • the thickness in the magnetization direction of 10 is set to be twice or more (for example, the thickness in the magnetization direction of the rare earth magnet 10 is about 2 mm and the thickness in the magnetization direction of the ferrite magnet 11 is about 5 mm).
  • the cross-sectional shape of the ferrite magnet 11 is a curved plate having a bow shape from the circumferential end of the rare earth magnet 10 toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 6.
  • the surface area of the ferrite magnet 11 is increased, and the magnetic force of the ferrite magnet 11 is strengthened. Therefore, the size of the rare earth magnet 10 can be reduced under the condition that the generated torque of the electric motor is equal.
  • the stopper portion 17 is formed so that the corner portion of the rare earth magnet 10 contacts the rotor core 6 when the rare earth magnet 10 is inserted. Thereby, the rare earth magnet 10 is fixed in the circumferential direction. Further, the rare earth magnet 10 may be fixed by press-fitting, bonding or the like.
  • the magnet insertion hole is formed so as to be convex toward the central axis of the rotor core, and the rotor core Between the outer peripheral surface and the magnet insertion hole, a plurality of symmetrical slit holes are formed along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core with respect to the center line of the magnetic pole.
  • a rotor generated by using a plurality of magnets having different magnetic forces The magnetic flux density distribution on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is relaxed and approaches a sine wave distribution, and the q-axis magnetic flux is difficult to pass through the slit hole formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and the magnet insertion hole. Generation of vibration due to saliency Furthermore, the slit hole further relaxes the difference in the magnetic flux density distribution on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, approaches the sine wave distribution, and reduces the harmonic components contained in the generated torque. The noise of the type motor can be reduced.
  • ferrite magnets with lower residual magnetic flux density than rare earth magnets are arranged near the magnetic pole boundary, and rare earth magnets are arranged away from the magnetic pole boundary, thereby suppressing short-circuit magnetic flux and self-short-circuit magnetic flux to adjacent magnetic poles.
  • the magnetic flux from the rare earth magnet can be used effectively, the influence of the demagnetizing field from the stator to the rare earth magnet is suppressed, and the rare earth magnet can be strengthened against demagnetization. It is possible to use a rare earth magnet having a low content and a low coercive force, and the size and weight of the embedded permanent magnet motor can be reduced while suppressing an increase in cost.
  • a gap is generated at both ends in the circumferential direction of the magnet insertion hole, that is, in the vicinity of the magnetic pole boundary. Can be strengthened against demagnetization, and a thin part is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and the air gap. Magnetic flux can also be suppressed.
  • the thickness in the magnetization direction of the ferrite magnet is larger than the thickness in the magnetization direction of the rare earth magnet, the residual magnetic flux density of the ferrite magnet is increased, and a uniform magnetic flux density distribution can be obtained, and The magnetic resistance of the ferrite magnet is increased, the ferrite magnet can be made stronger against demagnetization, and a highly reliable high-quality electric motor can be configured.
  • the ferrite magnet's cross-sectional shape is a curved plate that forms a bow shape from the circumferential end of the rare earth magnet toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core, thereby increasing the surface area of the ferrite magnet and enhancing the magnetic force of the ferrite magnet. Therefore, under the condition that the generated torque of the electric motor is equal, the size of the rare earth magnet can be made smaller, further increasing the cost and further reducing the size and weight of the embedded permanent magnet electric motor. Can be planned.
  • the stopper was formed so that the corners of the rare earth magnet were in contact with the rotor core, so the rare earth magnet was fixed in the circumferential direction, and the rotor core was When the rare earth magnet is inserted, the rare earth magnet can be prevented from moving in the circumferential direction.
  • the axial size of the rare earth magnet and the ferrite magnet is not mentioned.
  • the size of the electric motor is further reduced. It becomes possible.
  • the winding circumference in the stator can be shortened, and a more efficient and inexpensive electric motor can be obtained.
  • the configuration of the rotor according to the embodiment described above is a configuration that not only uses a ferrite magnet as a magnetic flux supplement for a rare earth magnet but also can effectively use a magnetic flux generated by a rare earth magnet having a high residual magnetic flux density. Therefore, the effect of reducing the amount of rare earth magnets by increasing the effective utilization rate of the magnetic flux of the rare earth magnets can also be obtained.
  • the rotor according to the present embodiment is applied to an electric motor, an increase in cost is suppressed.
  • the electric motor can be reduced in size, reduced in noise, and improved in quality.
  • the compressor can be reduced in size, reduced in noise, and improved in quality while suppressing an increase in cost.
  • the air conditioner can be reduced in size, reduced in noise, and improved in quality while suppressing an increase in cost.
  • the configuration shown in the above embodiment is an example of the configuration of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and a part thereof is omitted without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say, it is possible to change the configuration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
PCT/JP2011/075562 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機 WO2013069076A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013542720A JP5752260B2 (ja) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機
PCT/JP2011/075562 WO2013069076A1 (ja) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機
CN201180074502.3A CN103907267B (zh) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 永久磁铁嵌入型电动机的转子、电动机、压缩机和空调机

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2011/075562 WO2013069076A1 (ja) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 永久磁石埋込型電動機の回転子、及びこの回転子を用いた電動機、及びこの電動機を用いた圧縮機、及びこの圧縮機を用いた空気調和機

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WO2013069076A1 true WO2013069076A1 (ja) 2013-05-16

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CN105305679A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2016-02-03 日本电产株式会社 马达
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WO2017073172A1 (ja) * 2015-10-28 2017-05-04 株式会社エクセディ 回転電機
CN107408850A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2017-11-28 三菱电机株式会社 永久磁铁埋入型电动机、送风机以及制冷空调机
JP2019054724A (ja) * 2018-11-07 2019-04-04 日東電工株式会社 回転電機用永久磁石、回転電機用永久磁石の製造方法、回転電機及び回転電機の製造方法
WO2020089991A1 (ja) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-07 三菱電機株式会社 ロータ、モータ、圧縮機、及び冷凍空調装置

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