WO2013056313A1 - Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore - Google Patents
Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013056313A1 WO2013056313A1 PCT/AU2012/001274 AU2012001274W WO2013056313A1 WO 2013056313 A1 WO2013056313 A1 WO 2013056313A1 AU 2012001274 W AU2012001274 W AU 2012001274W WO 2013056313 A1 WO2013056313 A1 WO 2013056313A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ore
- moisture content
- data
- moisture
- elemental composition
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007621 cluster analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012628 principal component regression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002536 laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
Definitions
- An apparatus and method are disclosed for autonomously determining elemental composition of an ore.
- the method and system have regard to moisture content of the ore and provide moisture corrected elemental composition data of the ore.
- Determining the elemental composition of ore is critical for maximising the profit of an ore body.
- drill and blast mining drill cuttings formed by drilling blast holes in an ore bench are collected and taken to a laboratory for assaying in order to determine the elemental composition of the ore in the bench.
- the cuttings are preconditioned to ensure they have a prescribed moisture content. For example, if moisture content is above a predetermined range, the cuttings may be subjected to heating to reduce moisture content.
- the elemental composition of the cuttings determined from the assaying is communicated to mine planners who are able to plan a blasting sequence and subsequent processing of the ore to maximise profit.
- obtaining the moisture content data and obtaining the elemental composition data are performed continuously on a moving stream of ore.
- the operating and compensating are autonomously performed in real time.
- operating the analyser comprises operating a laser induced breakdown spectrometer.
- the method comprises obtaining the moisture content data as one or more of: average moisture content per unit volume of ore; median moisture content per unit volume of ore; highest moisture content per unit volume of ore; and lowest moisture content per unit volume of ore.
- the moisture measurement system is a near infrared moisture measuring system. In one embodiment measurement system is done using a microwave based moisture measuring system.
- the two or more moisture measuring systems comprise at least a near infrared moisture measuring system and a microwave based moisture measuring system.
- the step of compensating the data comprises using one, or a combination of two or more, of the following data correction methods: a look up table, principle component regression analysis, cluster and regression analysis, search match method, Gaussian process, whole pattern method, and condition based peak method.
- performing the data correction process comprises using a combination of a look up table and search and match method.
- the data correction method comprises any one, or a combination of two or more of: a lookup table correction method; principal component regression analysis; cluster and regression analysis; search and match method; a Gaussian method; a whole pattern method; and a condition- based peak method.
- an autonomous system for determining an elemental composition of an ore comprising:
- a moisture content measuring system capable of providing ore moisture content data
- an analyser capable of providing raw elemental composition data of the ore
- a conveyor capable of conveying a stream of ore past the moisture content measuring system and the analyser;
- a data processor arranged to autonomously control operation of the measuring system, the analyser and the conveyor, and to subsequently compensate the raw elemental composition data by performing a data correction process using the moisture content data to produce moisture- corrected elemental composition data of the ore.
- the analyser is a laser induced breakdown spectrometer.
- the moisture content measuring system is arranged to produce moisture content data comprising one or more of: average moisture content; median moisture content; highest moisture content; and lowest moisture content, per unit volume of ore conveyed past the moisture content measuring system per unit of time by the conveyor.
- the moisture content measuring system is a near infrared moisture measuring system. In one embodiment the moisture content measuring system is a microwave based moisture measuring system.
- the moisture content measuring system is one of two or more moisture content measuring systems each of which is based on different methodologies to obtain the moisture content data.
- the two or more moisture content measuring system comprises a near infrared moisture measuring system and a microwave based moisture measuring system operating simultaneously to obtain the moisture content data.
- the data processor is configured to perform one or a combination of two or more of the following data correction methods: a look up table, principle component regression analysis, cluster and regression analysis, search match method, Gaussian process, whole pattern method, and condition based peak method.
- the data processor is configured to correct the raw data by a combination of a look up table correction method and search and match method.
- the system comprises a drill rig arranged to drill holes in the ground and produce drill cuttings, wherein the moisture content measuring system, analyser and processor are supported on the rig and wherein the ore comprises a sample of the drill cuttings.
- the system comprises a transmitter arranged to transmit the moisture-corrected elemental composition data to a remote location.
- an autonomous drill rig for drilling blast-holes at a mine, said rig comprising: a drill operable to drill a blast hole and produce drill cuttings; and, the autonomous system for determining an elemental composition of an ore according to the second aspect; wherein the drill cutting are used as a source for the ore for the steam of ore.
- Figure 1 shows a flow diagram of one embodiment of the method
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the system. Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments
- Embodiments of the system and method are described in the context of drill and blast mining.
- drill and blast mining an array of blast holes is drilled into a bench of ore. Holes are drilled by one or more mobile drill rigs on the bench. As a hole is being drilled drill cuttings from the hole are deposited on the surface of the bench and form a cone-like structure about an associated drill string. The holes are subsequently charged with an explosive and the explosive detonated to fracture the bench into manageable sized rocks and boulders for processing.
- the drill cuttings produced by operation of the drill rig provide a source of ore in relation to which the method and system are practised.
- Figure 1 depicts an embodiment of a method 10 for autonomously determining an elemental composition of an ore.
- the term "ore" is intended to denote a solid naturally occurring rock that contains, or is an aggregate of minerals from which metal or other useful or valuable constituents can be extracted.
- determining the elemental composition of the ore includes determining the elemental composition of minerals in or of the ore.
- the ore is provided as drill cuttings derived by the operation of a drill rig used in drill and blast mining as described above.
- a stream of ore is autonomously conveyed past a moisture measurement system and an analyser.
- the moisture measurement system operates to obtain moisture content data of the ore.
- the analyser at step 16 operates to obtain raw elemental composition data of the ore.
- the moisture content data and the raw elemental composition data are provided as inputs to compensation step 18 in the method 10.
- compensation step 18 one or more data compensation or correction methods or techniques are performed to provide moisture corrected elemental composition data of the ore. This compensated data is provided at step 20 of the method 10.
- Steps 14 and 16 are generally performed simultaneously. But depending on the target zones for the moisture measurement system and analyser they may derive data from different ore samples. This is taken into account in the compensation step 18 and explained further below.
- the respective moisture content data and raw elemental composition data relate to the same volume or sample or ore. In this case no additional processing is required at or by step 18.
- the compensation process at step 18 is modified to also correlate the moisture content data with the raw elemental composition data to relate to the same volume of ore. In one embodiment this may be achieved by providing as an input to the compensation step 18 the instantaneous speed of the conveyed stream of ore. Assuming the distance between the respective target zones for the moisture measurement system and the analyser is known, then with knowledge of the speed of the conveyed stream of ore, the moisture content data can be readily correlated with the raw elemental composition data.
- the compensation process at step 18 is performed in real time to produce the corrected data output at step 20 at substantially the same time as the ore has passed through the analyser.
- Step 12 may be performed by a conveyor which at one end receives a sample of drill cuttings produced by operation of the drill and conveys the cuttings past the moisture measurement system and the analyser.
- a conveyor which at one end receives a sample of drill cuttings produced by operation of the drill and conveys the cuttings past the moisture measurement system and the analyser.
- An example of such a conveyor is set out in Applicant's co-pending application No. 201 1900230.
- Such a conveyor is particularly well suited to use in the context of drill and blast mining.
- embodiments of the system and method are not limited to such a conveyor system and alternate conveying systems or techniques may be used.
- Step 14 may be performed to obtain one or more different types of moisture content data.
- the moisture content data obtained may be: average moisture content per volume of ore; median moisture content per volume of ore; highest moisture content per volume of ore; and, lowest moisture content per volume of ore.
- the compensation process at step 18 one or more of such moisture content data may be used.
- step 14 is not dependent upon any particular methodology for measuring moisture content.
- step 14 may be performed using an infrared moisture measurement system such as the Process Sensors
- step 14 may utilise other moisture measurement systems.
- Step 16 may be performed by any one of many different types of analysers.
- An analyser that may be used in performing step 16 is a laser induced breakdown spectrometer ("LIBS").
- LIBS laser induced breakdown spectrometer
- step 16 may be performed by other analysers including for example XRF, XRD, NIR or NQR analysers; spark induced breakdown spectrometers; or, atomic emission spectrometers.
- the compensation step 18 may be performed using one, or a combination of two or more, data correction methods and techniques such as but not limited to: a lookup table correction method; principal component regression analysis; cluster and regression analysis; search and match method; Gaussian method; whole pattern method; and, condition-based peak method.
- step 18 may comprise using a combination of the lookup table correction method and the search and match method.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a system 30 for implementing the method 10.
- System 30 comprises a conveyor 32, a moisture measurement system 34, an analyser 36 and a processor 38.
- Conveyor 32 is arranged to convey a stream of ore 39 past the moisture measurement system 34 and analyser 36.
- the conveyor 32 operates to move the stream 39 from right to left so that the stream initially passes the moisture measurement system 34 and subsequently passes the analyser 36. Thereafter the ore can be dumped from the conveyor 32.
- the moisture measurement system 34 has a target zone 40 at which it takes moisture readings of the passing ore stream 39.
- the analyser 36 has a target zone 42 at which it analyses the passing ore stream 39.
- Moisture content data from the moisture measurement system 34 is
- a speed sensor 44 that measures instantaneous speed of the conveyor 32 also communicates the measured speed to the processor 38.
- the processor 38 is programmed or otherwise arranged to produce moisture corrected elemental composition data by performing a data correction process utilising the moisture composition data and the raw elemental composition data. When D > 0 the processor 38 also utilises conveyor speed and the distance D to correlate moisture content data and the raw elemental composition data so as to relate to the same volume or portion of ore in the ore stream 39.
- the processor 38 is programmed or otherwise arranged to perform any one or more of the compensation methods and techniques described herein above.
- the processor 38 may be further programmed to autonomously control the operation of the conveyor 32, moisture measurement system 34 and analyser 36.
- the processor 38 may control the speed of a conveyor 32 (for example by controlling a conveyor motor 48) to maintain a preferred volume of ore passing through the target zones 40 and 42.
- Processor 38 may also control a sampling or measuring rate of the moisture measurement system 34 and analyser 36.
- System 30 can be mounted on a mobile drill rig and operable to enable the autonomous determination of elemental composition of an ore while drilling is being conducted by the drill rig.
- method 10 and system 30 enable in situ autonomous determination of elemental composition which is compensated for moisture content.
- the moisture corrected elemental composition data obtained by method 10 and system 30 may be stored in a memory device associated with the processor 38 and/or communicated to a remote location via a communication system 46 associated with the processor 38. This enables mine planners at a remote location to analyse the elemental composition of the ore and in particular a bench of ore utilising real time data produced autonomously at the location of the ore itself.
- the method and system may be embodied in many other forms.
- the present embodiments are described in the context of drill and blast mining, they are not limited to such application and may be used in any instance where it is desirable to autonomously obtain moisture compensated elemental composition of an ore.
- the ore in relation to which the method 10 and system 30 operate need not be acquired from drill cuttings generated by drilling of a blast hole. They may for example be generated by an auger which is operated for the sole purpose of providing ore samples.
- the conveyor 32 may take forms other than an endless belt conveyor of the type illustrated in Figure 2.
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280059439.0A CN103975126A (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore |
BR112014009592A BR112014009592A2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | method and autonomous system for determining the elemental composition of an ore |
CA2852744A CA2852744A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore |
IN3041CHN2014 IN2014CN03041A (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | |
AU2012325680A AU2012325680A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2011904348 | 2011-10-20 | ||
AU2011904348A AU2011904348A0 (en) | 2011-10-20 | Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013056313A1 true WO2013056313A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
Family
ID=48140232
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2012/001274 WO2013056313A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-10-18 | Autonomous method and system for determining elemental composition of an ore |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN103975126A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2012325680A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014009592A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2852744A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2014000997A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2014CN03041A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20141367A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013056313A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2677417C2 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2019-01-16 | Хэллибертон Энерджи Сервисиз, Инк. | Fluid characterization of porous materials using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy |
US10641758B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 | 2020-05-05 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Apparatus, systems, and methods for enhancing hydrocarbon extraction and techniques related thereto |
CN112763453A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 江苏闪码光机电科技有限公司 | Multi-factor real-time online detection device and method for ore bulk cargo in continuous conveying |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3255975A (en) * | 1963-04-24 | 1966-06-14 | Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co | Moisture content control apparatus for continuously produced material |
WO2000016078A1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-03-23 | Process Control, Inc. | X-ray fluorescence elemental analyzer |
US6362477B1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 2002-03-26 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Bulk material analyser for on-conveyor belt analysis |
-
2012
- 2012-10-18 IN IN3041CHN2014 patent/IN2014CN03041A/en unknown
- 2012-10-18 WO PCT/AU2012/001274 patent/WO2013056313A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-10-18 PE PE2014000561A patent/PE20141367A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-18 CA CA2852744A patent/CA2852744A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-18 BR BR112014009592A patent/BR112014009592A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-18 AU AU2012325680A patent/AU2012325680A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-18 CN CN201280059439.0A patent/CN103975126A/en active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-04-17 CL CL2014000997A patent/CL2014000997A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3255975A (en) * | 1963-04-24 | 1966-06-14 | Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co | Moisture content control apparatus for continuously produced material |
US6362477B1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 2002-03-26 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Bulk material analyser for on-conveyor belt analysis |
WO2000016078A1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-03-23 | Process Control, Inc. | X-ray fluorescence elemental analyzer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2852744A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
CN103975126A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
PE20141367A1 (en) | 2014-10-26 |
CL2014000997A1 (en) | 2014-08-29 |
IN2014CN03041A (en) | 2015-07-03 |
BR112014009592A2 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
AU2012325680A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
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