WO2013039242A1 - Building material sheet - Google Patents

Building material sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013039242A1
WO2013039242A1 PCT/JP2012/073751 JP2012073751W WO2013039242A1 WO 2013039242 A1 WO2013039242 A1 WO 2013039242A1 JP 2012073751 W JP2012073751 W JP 2012073751W WO 2013039242 A1 WO2013039242 A1 WO 2013039242A1
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Prior art keywords
sheet
heat storage
building material
latent heat
graphite
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PCT/JP2012/073751
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大木　武彦
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株式会社大木工藝
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Priority to JP2013533750A priority Critical patent/JP5805772B2/en
Publication of WO2013039242A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013039242A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building material sheet suitable for improving the energy efficiency of indoor air conditioning.
  • Thermal storage materials can be broadly classified into latent heat storage materials that use a solid-liquid phase transition at the melting point and sensible heat storage materials that use the specific heat of the material.
  • a building material using a latent heat storage material for example, in Patent Document 1, a porous support body such as foam glass beads is impregnated with a latent heat storage material such as paraffin, and the porous support body is disposed so that the latent heat storage material does not leak.
  • a device provided with a microcapsule (encapsulation layer) to be encapsulated is described.
  • the temperature range where the heat storage effect reaches is expanded using two types of latent heat storage materials.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a heat storage building material in which a latent heat storage material such as paraffin is encapsulated in a microcapsule (encapsulation layer) and molded using a filling material such as cement.
  • a latent heat storage material such as paraffin
  • a microcapsule having a melting point for suppressing a temperature increase in a room in summer
  • a microcapsule of a latent heat storage material having a melting point for suppressing a decrease in room temperature in winter It is also described.
  • JP 2004-075711 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-061078
  • Such a latent heat storage material can suppress the speed of temperature increase or temperature decrease much better than the sensible heat storage material in the vicinity of its melting point.
  • the latent heat storage material is a special substance that causes a phase transition at a specific melting point in the temperature range of daily life, various devices are required to fully demonstrate its ability.
  • Patent Document 2 a latent heat storage material encapsulated in microcapsules and molded using a filling material such as cement has a large thermal resistance of the filling material, so the temperature of the indoor space is increased to the latent heat storage material. It is not easy to transmit and sufficiently obtain the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material, and it is considered that the microcapsules are easily broken. Note that Patent Document 1 does not describe a specific form of a building material using a latent heat storage material.
  • the effect of the latent heat storage materials is small at temperatures away from their melting points (for example, near the middle of the two melting points) There is room for improving the overall heat storage effect by increasing the heat storage effect near that temperature.
  • This invention is made
  • a building material sheet includes a cloth or paper indoor side protective sheet, a graphite sheet bonded to the indoor side protective sheet, and a graphite sheet bonded to the graphite sheet. And a plurality of heat storage capsules in which a latent heat storage material is enclosed by an encapsulating layer between the graphite sheet and the application sheet.
  • the heat storage capsules there are two or more kinds of the heat storage capsules, and different types have different melting points of the latent heat storage material.
  • a large number of porous granular carbon materials are provided between the graphite sheet and the sticking sheet, in addition to the large number of heat storage capsules.
  • mutual temperature transmission between the indoor space and the heat storage capsule can be sufficient, and the energy efficiency of air conditioning can be improved by providing a better heat storage effect. Can contribute.
  • a building material sheet 1 is bonded to a cloth or paper indoor side protective sheet 2, a graphite sheet 3 bonded to the indoor side protective sheet 2, and the graphite sheet 3.
  • a composite sheet provided with the applied sheet 4 made of paper or cloth.
  • seat 4 for sticking it has many heat storage capsules 5 which enclosed the latent heat storage material with the sealing layer.
  • This building material sheet 1 can be affixed to the wall of a room such as a house or an office building with the indoor protective sheet 2 facing the room.
  • the cloth or paper indoor side protection sheet 2 is used to protect the indoor side surface of the graphite sheet 3 so as to overlap with the graphite sheet 3 to be described later, and also for decoration.
  • the indoor protective sheet 2 may be a normal cloth or wallpaper used by being attached to a wall, but has a low thermal resistance so that the temperature of the indoor space is well transmitted to the graphite sheet 3, specifically, a breathable material. Good, i.e., those made of a coarse cloth are preferred. Moreover, a flameproof thing is preferable.
  • the graphite sheet 3 is a graphite sheet in which an expanded graphite sheet (for example, a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm) is preferably used.
  • the expanded graphite sheet is obtained by expanding a graphite such as natural graphite as a raw material into a form of expanded graphite and then pressing it into a sheet shape. Since this graphite sheet 3 couple
  • the graphite sheet 3 has a particularly high thermal conductivity in the plane direction (a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction), and can obtain about 250 to 350 W / (m ⁇ K).
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction is not as high as that in the plane direction (for example, about 3 to 5 W / (m ⁇ K)), but the thin graphite sheet 3 is used. Is low. Moreover, the graphite sheet 3 is very lightweight and is chemically stable. In addition, it is slightly more elastic than cement or gypsum board.
  • the paper or cloth sticking sheet 4 protects the surface of the graphite sheet 3 on the wall side (opposite the indoor side) by overlapping the graphite sheet 3, and the outer surface (graphite sheet) of the sticking sheet 4 It is also used for applying glue or the like on the surface opposite to the side 3) and sticking it to a gypsum boat on the wall.
  • the material for the sticking sheet 4 is not limited, flameproof paper usually used for sticking to a wall is preferable.
  • the latent heat storage material of the heat storage capsule 5 is, for example, a latent heat storage material such as paraffin.
  • the heat storage capsule 5 may be a known one.
  • the particle size of the heat storage capsule 5 is not limited, but is, for example, about 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the latent heat storage material of the heat storage capsule 5 undergoes a phase transition at a specific melting point in the temperature range of daily life, that is, changes from solid to liquid when the ambient temperature rises, and changes from liquid to solid when the ambient temperature falls. It is a substance.
  • the encapsulating layer of the heat storage capsule 5 is sealed so that the latent heat storage material that undergoes phase transition does not leak.
  • the indoor space and the heat storage capsule 5 mutually absorb or release heat via the indoor protection sheet 2 and the graphite sheet 3. Since the indoor space and the heat storage capsule 5 can reduce the thermal resistance in the thickness direction of the indoor protection sheet and the graphite sheet 3, mutual temperature transmission can be sufficient.
  • the indoor temperature range in which the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5 reaches is in the range near the melting point of the latent heat storage material. In this temperature range, the temperature change in the indoor space becomes gentle due to the heat storage effect. This temperature range varies depending on various conditions such as the thickness of the indoor protective sheet 2 and the graphite sheet 3 and the amount of the heat storage capsule 5.
  • the graphite sheet 3 diffuses heat widely in the surface direction, for example, even when an obstacle (such as a storeroom or a bookcase) is placed in contact with the building material sheet 1, heat storage at the position of the obstacle is performed.
  • the capsule 5 and the indoor space can absorb or release heat.
  • the heat storage capsule 5 is sandwiched between the graphite sheet 3 and the sticking sheet 4 having a certain degree of elasticity, breakage of the encapsulating layer and the resulting outflow of the latent heat storage material are suppressed.
  • the graphite sheet 3 is nonflammable, it has the effect of suppressing the expansion of fire in the event of a fire.
  • the building material sheet 1 can improve the efficiency of indoor air conditioning energy. For example, as follows, it is set as the building material sheet
  • the heater After heating has started and reached an appropriate temperature (for example, 20 ° C to 23 ° C), the heater is turned off by manual or automatic temperature control. After a while, the temperature of the indoor space becomes a temperature outside due to slight air leakage. Gradually descend to follow. At this time, if the temperature of the indoor space is in a temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material having a low melting point for suppressing the temperature drop is reached, the temperature drop becomes moderate. Therefore, in this respect, it is possible to contribute to reducing the number of operations of the heater, and it is possible to contribute to the efficiency of heating energy.
  • an appropriate temperature for example, 20 ° C to 23 ° C
  • the temperature of the indoor space becomes a temperature outside the room due to slight air leakage. Gradually rise to follow. At this time, if the temperature of the indoor space is in a temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material having a high melting point for suppressing the temperature increase is reached, the temperature increase is moderate. Therefore, in this respect, it is possible to contribute to reducing the number of operations of the air conditioner, and it is possible to contribute to the efficiency improvement of the cooling energy.
  • an appropriate temperature for example, 25 ° C to 28 ° C
  • This building material sheet 6 has a large number of porous granular carbon materials 7 together with a large number of heat storage capsules 5 between the graphite sheet 3 and the sticking sheet 4 of the building material sheet 1 described above. That is, the building material sheet 6 is configured as shown in FIG.
  • the porous granular carbon material 7 is a granular material such as bamboo charcoal, charcoal, activated carbon, or the like.
  • the porous granular carbon material 7 has a large number of pores inside, and can keep air. Therefore, the specific heat is higher than that of metal and the like, and heat is stored.
  • the particle size of the granular carbon material 7 is not limited, but is, for example, about 20 to 80 ⁇ m.
  • Such a building material sheet 6 provides the same effect as the building material sheet 1. Furthermore, even at a temperature outside the indoor temperature range where the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5 is exerted, the heat storage effect of the granular carbon material 7 is exerted to moderate the temperature change in the indoor space, although not as much as the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5. Is possible. In addition, even if the encapsulating layer of the heat storage capsule 5 is broken, the latent heat storage material is adsorbed on the granular carbon material 7 so as to suppress the outflow of the latent heat storage material. Further, since the granular carbon material 7 is chemically stable, it does not react with the latent heat storage material. Further, even if the heat storage capsule 5 contains a chemical substance such as formaldehyde, even if it oozes out, it is adsorbed to the granular carbon material 7.
  • the building material sheet 6 can further increase the efficiency of indoor air-conditioning energy. For example, in winter, when the heater is turned on after the heater is turned on and has reached an appropriate temperature, the temperature of the indoor space is not in the temperature range where the heat storage effect of the low-melting-point latent heat storage material to suppress the temperature drop is reached. However, the temperature drop can be moderated. Also, during the summer, after the air conditioner has been operated and turned to an appropriate temperature, the air conditioner is turned off, and then the temperature of the indoor space is not within the temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material with a high melting point for suppressing temperature rise is reached. However, the temperature rise can be moderated.
  • the building material sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the one described in the embodiment, and the design can be changed within the scope of the matters described in the claims. .
  • the thickness and size of each sheet constituting the building material sheets 1 and 6 can be appropriately changed.
  • the building material sheets 1 and 6 can be used not only on the wall but also on the ceiling or floor by using an appropriate indoor protection sheet 2, and can also be used for partitioning. is there.
  • it can be used not only in a room of a house or an office building but also in a room such as an automobile, a train, and an airplane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a building material which contains a latent heat storage material and exhibits improved heat storage effects. This building material sheet (1) comprises a cloth or paper indoor-side protective sheet (2), a graphite sheet (3) bonded to the indoor-side protective sheet (2), and a paper or cloth pasting sheet (4) bonded to the graphite sheet (3), and has, between the graphite sheet (3) and the pasting sheet (4), numerous heat retention capsules (5) in which a latent heat storage material is enclosed by an enclosing layer. The heat retention capsules (5) may also be of two or more types having different melting points of the latent heat storage material, and numerous pieces of a porous granular carbon material may also be provided between the graphite sheet (3) and the pasting sheet (4) instead of numerous heat retention capsules (5).

Description

建材シートBuilding material sheet
　本発明は、室内の冷暖房のエネルギー効率化に好適な建材シートに関する。 The present invention relates to a building material sheet suitable for improving the energy efficiency of indoor air conditioning.
　近年、エネルギー節減の観点より、建物の構造によって冷暖房のエネルギー効率化を図ろうとする種々の試みがなされている。一般には、室内と室外の間における熱伝導の抑制を目的として床、壁、天井等に断熱材を用い、その位置や材料が工夫されるのであるが、中には、熱を蓄える蓄熱材を建材に用いることも提案されている。 In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, various attempts have been made to increase the energy efficiency of cooling and heating depending on the structure of the building. In general, heat insulation is used for floors, walls, ceilings, etc. for the purpose of suppressing heat conduction between indoors and outdoors, and the position and materials are devised, but in some cases, heat storage materials that store heat are used. It has also been proposed to be used for building materials.
　蓄熱材には、融点における固体と液体の相転移を利用する潜熱蓄熱材と、材料の比熱を利用する顕熱蓄熱材と、に大きく分けられる。潜熱蓄熱材を用いた建材として、例えば、特許文献１には、発泡ガラスビーズなどの多孔質担持体にパラフィンなどの潜熱蓄熱材を含浸させ、潜熱蓄熱材が漏れないように多孔質担持体を封入するマイクロカプセル（封入層）を設けたものが記載されている。ここでは、２種類の潜熱蓄熱材を用いて蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域を拡大することも記載されている。また、特許文献２には、パラフィンなどの潜熱蓄熱材をマイクロカプセル（封入層）で内包し、セメントなどの充填用素材を用いて成型した蓄熱性建材が記載されている。ここでは、夏場の室内の温度上昇を抑えるための融点を有する潜熱蓄熱材のマイクロカプセル、冬場の室温の低下を抑えるための融点を有する潜熱蓄熱材のマイクロカプセル、の２種類を含むようにすることも記載されている。 Thermal storage materials can be broadly classified into latent heat storage materials that use a solid-liquid phase transition at the melting point and sensible heat storage materials that use the specific heat of the material. As a building material using a latent heat storage material, for example, in Patent Document 1, a porous support body such as foam glass beads is impregnated with a latent heat storage material such as paraffin, and the porous support body is disposed so that the latent heat storage material does not leak. A device provided with a microcapsule (encapsulation layer) to be encapsulated is described. Here, it is also described that the temperature range where the heat storage effect reaches is expanded using two types of latent heat storage materials. Patent Document 2 describes a heat storage building material in which a latent heat storage material such as paraffin is encapsulated in a microcapsule (encapsulation layer) and molded using a filling material such as cement. Here, it is made to include two types, a microcapsule of a latent heat storage material having a melting point for suppressing a temperature increase in a room in summer and a microcapsule of a latent heat storage material having a melting point for suppressing a decrease in room temperature in winter. It is also described.
特開２００４－０７５７１１号公報JP 2004-075711 A 特開２００５－０６１０７８号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-061078
　このような潜熱蓄熱材は、その融点付近においては、顕熱蓄熱材よりも非常に良く温度上昇又は温度低下のスピードを抑えることができる。しかし、潜熱蓄熱材は日常生活の温度域の特定の融点において相転移を起こす特別な物質であるから、その能力を十分に発揮させる等ためには、さまざまな工夫が必要である。 Such a latent heat storage material can suppress the speed of temperature increase or temperature decrease much better than the sensible heat storage material in the vicinity of its melting point. However, since the latent heat storage material is a special substance that causes a phase transition at a specific melting point in the temperature range of daily life, various devices are required to fully demonstrate its ability.
　例えば、特許文献２のように潜熱蓄熱材をマイクロカプセルで内包しセメントなどの充填用素材を用いて成型したものは、充填用素材の大きな熱抵抗のため、潜熱蓄熱材まで室内空間の温度を伝達させて潜熱蓄熱材による蓄熱効果を十分に得るのは容易ではなく、また、マイクロカプセルが破断し易くなると考えられる。なお、特許文献１には、潜熱蓄熱材を用いた建材の具体的な形態は記載されていない。 For example, as in Patent Document 2, a latent heat storage material encapsulated in microcapsules and molded using a filling material such as cement has a large thermal resistance of the filling material, so the temperature of the indoor space is increased to the latent heat storage material. It is not easy to transmit and sufficiently obtain the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material, and it is considered that the microcapsules are easily broken. Note that Patent Document 1 does not describe a specific form of a building material using a latent heat storage material.
　また、２種類以上の潜熱蓄熱材を用いて蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域を拡大した場合、それらの融点から離れた温度（例えば、２つの融点の真中付近）では潜熱蓄熱材による効果は少ないため、その温度付近での蓄熱効果を上げて全体的な蓄熱効果を改善できる余地が有る。 In addition, when the temperature range where the heat storage effect reaches using two or more types of latent heat storage materials is expanded, the effect of the latent heat storage materials is small at temperatures away from their melting points (for example, near the middle of the two melting points) There is room for improving the overall heat storage effect by increasing the heat storage effect near that temperature.
　本発明は、係る事由に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、潜熱蓄熱材を含み、より良好な蓄熱効果を奏することで冷暖房のエネルギー効率化に寄与する建材を提供することにある。 This invention is made | formed in view of the reason concerned, and the objective is to provide the building material which contributes to the energy efficiency improvement of air conditioning by having a better heat storage effect including a latent heat storage material.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明の好ましい実施形態に係る建材シートは、布製又は紙製の室内側保護シートと、該室内側保護シートに接着された黒鉛シートと、該黒鉛シートに接着された紙製又は布製の貼付用シートと、を備え、前記黒鉛シートと前記貼付用シートの間に、潜熱蓄熱材を封入層によって封入した多数の蓄熱カプセルを有している。 In order to achieve the above object, a building material sheet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a cloth or paper indoor side protective sheet, a graphite sheet bonded to the indoor side protective sheet, and a graphite sheet bonded to the graphite sheet. And a plurality of heat storage capsules in which a latent heat storage material is enclosed by an encapsulating layer between the graphite sheet and the application sheet.
　好ましくは、前記蓄熱カプセルは、２種類以上あり、種類が異なると潜熱蓄熱材の融点が異なっている。 Preferably, there are two or more kinds of the heat storage capsules, and different types have different melting points of the latent heat storage material.
　更に好ましくは、前記黒鉛シートと前記貼付用シートの間に、前記多数の蓄熱カプセルとは別に、多数の多孔質の粒状炭素材を有している。 More preferably, a large number of porous granular carbon materials are provided between the graphite sheet and the sticking sheet, in addition to the large number of heat storage capsules.
　本発明に係る建材シートによれば、室内空間と蓄熱カプセルとの間での相互の温度の伝達を十分なものとすることができ、より良好な蓄熱効果を奏することで冷暖房のエネルギー効率化に寄与することができる。 According to the building material sheet of the present invention, mutual temperature transmission between the indoor space and the heat storage capsule can be sufficient, and the energy efficiency of air conditioning can be improved by providing a better heat storage effect. Can contribute.
本発明の実施形態に係る建材シートを示す模式的な断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows the building material sheet which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る別の建材シートを示す模式的な断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows another building material sheet which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
　以下、本発明を実施するための好ましい形態を説明する。本発明の実施形態に係る建材シート１は、図１に示すように、布製又は紙製の室内側保護シート２と、室内側保護シート２に接着された黒鉛シート３と、黒鉛シート３に接着された紙製又は布製の貼付用シート４と、を備えている複合シートである。また、黒鉛シート３と貼付用シート４の間には、潜熱蓄熱材を封入層によって封入した多数の蓄熱カプセル５を有している。この建材シート１は、室内側保護シート２が室内側になるようにして住宅やオフィスビルなどの部屋の壁などに貼り付けることができる。 Hereinafter, preferred modes for carrying out the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a building material sheet 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is bonded to a cloth or paper indoor side protective sheet 2, a graphite sheet 3 bonded to the indoor side protective sheet 2, and the graphite sheet 3. A composite sheet provided with the applied sheet 4 made of paper or cloth. Moreover, between the graphite sheet 3 and the sheet | seat 4 for sticking, it has many heat storage capsules 5 which enclosed the latent heat storage material with the sealing layer. This building material sheet 1 can be affixed to the wall of a room such as a house or an office building with the indoor protective sheet 2 facing the room.
　布製又は紙製の室内側保護シート２は、後述する黒鉛シート３に重なり合って黒鉛シート３の室内側の面を保護するものであり、また、装飾のためのものでもある。室内側保護シート２は、壁に貼り付けて用いられる通常のクロスや壁紙でよいが、室内空間の温度が黒鉛シート３に良く伝わるように熱抵抗が小さいもの、具体的には、通気性のよい、すなわち目の粗い布製のものが好ましい。また、防炎のものが好ましい。 The cloth or paper indoor side protection sheet 2 is used to protect the indoor side surface of the graphite sheet 3 so as to overlap with the graphite sheet 3 to be described later, and also for decoration. The indoor protective sheet 2 may be a normal cloth or wallpaper used by being attached to a wall, but has a low thermal resistance so that the temperature of the indoor space is well transmitted to the graphite sheet 3, specifically, a breathable material. Good, i.e., those made of a coarse cloth are preferred. Moreover, a flameproof thing is preferable.
　黒鉛シート３は、膨張黒鉛シート（例えば、厚さが０．１～０．２ｍｍ程度）が好適に用いられる黒鉛製シートである。膨張黒鉛シートは、原料の天然黒鉛などの黒鉛を膨張させて膨張黒鉛の形態にしてから加圧してシート状に成形したものである。この黒鉛シート３は、黒鉛粒子同士が結合し合うために、黒鉛成分（炭素成分）の比率を極めて高く（例えば９９％以上に）することができる。黒鉛シート３は、面方向（厚さ方向と直交方向）の熱伝導率が特に高く、２５０～３５０Ｗ／（ｍ・Ｋ）程度を得ることができる。厚さ方向の熱伝導率は、面方向ほど高くはない（例えば、３～５Ｗ／（ｍ・Ｋ）程度である）が、黒鉛シート３は薄いものが用いられるので、厚さ方向の熱抵抗は低い。また、黒鉛シート３は、非常に軽量であり、化学的に安定している。また、少しであるが、セメントや石膏ボードなどに比べて弾性が有る。 The graphite sheet 3 is a graphite sheet in which an expanded graphite sheet (for example, a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm) is preferably used. The expanded graphite sheet is obtained by expanding a graphite such as natural graphite as a raw material into a form of expanded graphite and then pressing it into a sheet shape. Since this graphite sheet 3 couple | bonds together graphite particles, the ratio of a graphite component (carbon component) can be made extremely high (for example, 99% or more). The graphite sheet 3 has a particularly high thermal conductivity in the plane direction (a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction), and can obtain about 250 to 350 W / (m · K). The thermal conductivity in the thickness direction is not as high as that in the plane direction (for example, about 3 to 5 W / (m · K)), but the thin graphite sheet 3 is used. Is low. Moreover, the graphite sheet 3 is very lightweight and is chemically stable. In addition, it is slightly more elastic than cement or gypsum board.
　紙製又は布製の貼付用シート４は、黒鉛シート３に重なり合って黒鉛シート３の壁側（室内側と反対側）の面を保護するものであり、また、貼付用シート４の外面（黒鉛シート３側と反対の面）に糊などを塗布して壁の石膏ボートなどに貼り付けるためのものでもある。貼付用シート４は、その材料が限定されるものではないが、壁への貼り付け用に通常用いられる防炎紙が好ましい。 The paper or cloth sticking sheet 4 protects the surface of the graphite sheet 3 on the wall side (opposite the indoor side) by overlapping the graphite sheet 3, and the outer surface (graphite sheet) of the sticking sheet 4 It is also used for applying glue or the like on the surface opposite to the side 3) and sticking it to a gypsum boat on the wall. Although the material for the sticking sheet 4 is not limited, flameproof paper usually used for sticking to a wall is preferable.
　蓄熱カプセル５の潜熱蓄熱材は、例えば、パラフィンなどの潜熱蓄熱材が用いられる。蓄熱カプセル５は、公知のものを用いればよい。蓄熱カプセル５の粒径は、限定されることはないが、例えば、１０～５０μｍ程度である。蓄熱カプセル５の潜熱蓄熱材は、日常生活の温度域の特定の温度の融点において相転移する、すなわち周囲の温度が上昇するときには固体から液体に、周囲の温度が下降するときには液体から固体に変わる物質である。蓄熱カプセル５の封入層は、このように相転移する潜熱蓄熱材が漏れないように封入するものである。 The latent heat storage material of the heat storage capsule 5 is, for example, a latent heat storage material such as paraffin. The heat storage capsule 5 may be a known one. The particle size of the heat storage capsule 5 is not limited, but is, for example, about 10 to 50 μm. The latent heat storage material of the heat storage capsule 5 undergoes a phase transition at a specific melting point in the temperature range of daily life, that is, changes from solid to liquid when the ambient temperature rises, and changes from liquid to solid when the ambient temperature falls. It is a substance. The encapsulating layer of the heat storage capsule 5 is sealed so that the latent heat storage material that undergoes phase transition does not leak.
　このような建材シート１では、室内空間と蓄熱カプセル５とは、相互に、室内側保護シート２と黒鉛シート３を介して熱の吸収又は放出を行う。室内空間と蓄熱カプセル５とは、室内側保護シートと黒鉛シート３の厚さ方向の熱抵抗を小さいものにすることができるので、相互の温度の伝達は十分なものとすることができる。蓄熱カプセル５の蓄熱効果が及ぶ室内の温度域は、潜熱蓄熱材の融点付近の範囲となる。この温度域では、蓄熱効果が及んで室内空間の温度変化は緩やかになる。なお、この温度域は、室内側保護シート２や黒鉛シート３の厚み、蓄熱カプセル５の量などの諸条件により変動する。 In such a building material sheet 1, the indoor space and the heat storage capsule 5 mutually absorb or release heat via the indoor protection sheet 2 and the graphite sheet 3. Since the indoor space and the heat storage capsule 5 can reduce the thermal resistance in the thickness direction of the indoor protection sheet and the graphite sheet 3, mutual temperature transmission can be sufficient. The indoor temperature range in which the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5 reaches is in the range near the melting point of the latent heat storage material. In this temperature range, the temperature change in the indoor space becomes gentle due to the heat storage effect. This temperature range varies depending on various conditions such as the thickness of the indoor protective sheet 2 and the graphite sheet 3 and the amount of the heat storage capsule 5.
　また、黒鉛シート３は、面方向に熱を広く拡散するので、例えば、建材シート１に接して障害物（物置や本箱など）が置かれた場合であっても、障害物の位置の蓄熱カプセル５の部分と室内空間とは熱の吸収又は放出を行うことができる。 In addition, since the graphite sheet 3 diffuses heat widely in the surface direction, for example, even when an obstacle (such as a storeroom or a bookcase) is placed in contact with the building material sheet 1, heat storage at the position of the obstacle is performed. The capsule 5 and the indoor space can absorb or release heat.
　また、蓄熱カプセル５は、ある程度の弾性を有する黒鉛シート３と貼付用シート４に挟まれているので、その封入層の破断及びその結果の潜熱蓄熱材の流出が抑止される。また、黒鉛シート３は不燃なので、万一の火事のときに火気の拡大を抑制できる効果がある。 Further, since the heat storage capsule 5 is sandwiched between the graphite sheet 3 and the sticking sheet 4 having a certain degree of elasticity, breakage of the encapsulating layer and the resulting outflow of the latent heat storage material are suppressed. Moreover, since the graphite sheet 3 is nonflammable, it has the effect of suppressing the expansion of fire in the event of a fire.
　建材シート１は、蓄熱カプセル５の潜熱蓄熱材の融点を設定することにより、室内の冷暖房のエネルギーの効率化を行うことができる。例えば、以下のように、蓄熱カプセル５を２種類以上として、種類が異なると潜熱蓄熱材の融点が異なるようにすることで、暖房と冷房の両方の場合に効果を奏する建材シート１とすることができる。 By setting the melting point of the latent heat storage material of the heat storage capsule 5, the building material sheet 1 can improve the efficiency of indoor air conditioning energy. For example, as follows, it is set as the building material sheet | seat 1 which has an effect in both the case of heating and air_conditioning | cooling by making the thermal storage capsule 5 into 2 or more types, and making it the melting | fusing point of a latent-heat storage material differ if types differ. Can do.
　冬期において、暖房機を稼働させると、室内空間の暖気の熱は室内側保護シート２を通過して黒鉛シート３に伝えられる。黒鉛シート３では、熱は面方向及び厚さ方向に伝わって行くが、面方向の熱伝導率は非常に高いので、面方向には急速に伝わっていく。それにより、建材シート１の室内側表面の全体が早く暖まり、更に、建材シート１の近傍の空気の温度が暖まって行く。従って、部屋の中で通常暖まり難いところでも暖房の立ち上がりが早くなる。よって、この点で、暖房機が稼働する時間の短縮化に寄与でき、暖房のエネルギーの効率化に寄与できる。 In winter, when the heater is operated, the heat of the warm air in the indoor space passes through the indoor protection sheet 2 and is transmitted to the graphite sheet 3. In the graphite sheet 3, heat is transmitted in the surface direction and the thickness direction, but since the heat conductivity in the surface direction is very high, it is transmitted in the surface direction rapidly. Thereby, the whole indoor side surface of the building material sheet 1 is quickly warmed, and the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the building material sheet 1 is further warmed. Therefore, heating rises quickly even in a room where it is usually difficult to warm up. Therefore, at this point, it can contribute to shortening of the time when the heater is operated, and can contribute to the efficiency improvement of the energy of heating.
　暖房が立ち上がって適温（例えば、２０℃～２３℃）になった後、手動又は自動的な温度調節により暖房機を止めてしばらくすると、僅かながら空気の漏れにより、室内空間の温度が室外の温度に追従するように徐々に下降する。このとき、室内空間の温度が温度低下を抑えるための低い融点の潜熱蓄熱材の蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域に有ると、温度降下は緩やかなものとなる。よって、この点で、暖房機の稼働回数を少なくすることに寄与でき、暖房のエネルギーの効率化に寄与できる。 After heating has started and reached an appropriate temperature (for example, 20 ° C to 23 ° C), the heater is turned off by manual or automatic temperature control. After a while, the temperature of the indoor space becomes a temperature outside due to slight air leakage. Gradually descend to follow. At this time, if the temperature of the indoor space is in a temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material having a low melting point for suppressing the temperature drop is reached, the temperature drop becomes moderate. Therefore, in this respect, it is possible to contribute to reducing the number of operations of the heater, and it is possible to contribute to the efficiency of heating energy.
　夏期において、冷房機を稼働させると、上述した暖房機の場合と同様にして建材シート１の室内側表面の全体が早く冷え、更に、建材シート１の近傍の空気の温度が冷えて行く。従って、部屋の中で通常冷え難いところでも冷房の立ち上がりが早くなる。よって、この点で、冷房機が稼働する時間の短縮化に寄与でき、冷房のエネルギーの効率化に寄与できる。 In summer, when the air conditioner is operated, the entire interior surface of the building material sheet 1 cools quickly as in the case of the heater described above, and the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the building material sheet 1 cools. Therefore, the start-up of the cooling is accelerated even in the room where it is usually difficult to cool. Therefore, in this respect, it can contribute to shortening the time during which the air conditioner operates, and can contribute to the efficiency improvement of the cooling energy.
　冷房が立ち上がって適温（例えば、２５℃～２８℃）になった後、手動又は自動的な温度調節により冷房機を止めてしばらくすると、僅かながら空気の漏れにより、室内空間の温度が室外の温度に追従するように徐々に上昇する。このとき、室内空間の温度が温度上昇を抑えるための高い融点の潜熱蓄熱材の蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域に有ると、温度上昇は緩やかなものとなる。よって、この点で、冷房機の稼働回数を少なくすることに寄与でき、冷房のエネルギーの効率化に寄与できる。 After the air conditioner has started up and reached an appropriate temperature (for example, 25 ° C to 28 ° C), after a while after the air conditioner has been turned off by manual or automatic temperature control, the temperature of the indoor space becomes a temperature outside the room due to slight air leakage. Gradually rise to follow. At this time, if the temperature of the indoor space is in a temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material having a high melting point for suppressing the temperature increase is reached, the temperature increase is moderate. Therefore, in this respect, it is possible to contribute to reducing the number of operations of the air conditioner, and it is possible to contribute to the efficiency improvement of the cooling energy.
　次に、本発明の実施形態に係る別の建材シート６を説明する。この建材シート６は、上述した建材シート１の黒鉛シート３と貼付用シート４の間に、多数の蓄熱カプセル５とともに多数の多孔質の粒状炭素材７を有するようにしたものである。すなわち、建材シート６は、図２に示すような構成になる。 Next, another building material sheet 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. This building material sheet 6 has a large number of porous granular carbon materials 7 together with a large number of heat storage capsules 5 between the graphite sheet 3 and the sticking sheet 4 of the building material sheet 1 described above. That is, the building material sheet 6 is configured as shown in FIG.
　多孔質の粒状炭素材７は、例えば、竹炭、木炭、活性炭などの粒状物である。多孔質の粒状炭素材７は、内部に多数の空孔を有し、空気を留めることができる。それ故に、比熱が金属などより高く、蓄熱する。粒状炭素材７の粒径は、限定されることはないが、例えば、２０～８０μｍ程度である。 The porous granular carbon material 7 is a granular material such as bamboo charcoal, charcoal, activated carbon, or the like. The porous granular carbon material 7 has a large number of pores inside, and can keep air. Therefore, the specific heat is higher than that of metal and the like, and heat is stored. The particle size of the granular carbon material 7 is not limited, but is, for example, about 20 to 80 μm.
　このような建材シート６では、建材シート１と同様の効果が得られる。更には、蓄熱カプセル５の蓄熱効果が及ぶ室内の温度域以外の温度においても、蓄熱カプセル５の蓄熱効果ほどではないが、粒状炭素材７の蓄熱効果が及んで室内空間の温度変化を緩やかにすることが可能である。また、万一、蓄熱カプセル５の封入層が破断しても、潜熱蓄熱材の流出を抑止するように潜熱蓄熱材が粒状炭素材７に吸着される。また、粒状炭素材７は、化学的に安定しているので潜熱蓄熱材と反応することもない。また、蓄熱カプセル５がホルムアルデヒドなどの化学物質を含んでいたとして、仮にそれが滲み出たとしても、粒状炭素材７に吸着される。 Such a building material sheet 6 provides the same effect as the building material sheet 1. Furthermore, even at a temperature outside the indoor temperature range where the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5 is exerted, the heat storage effect of the granular carbon material 7 is exerted to moderate the temperature change in the indoor space, although not as much as the heat storage effect of the heat storage capsule 5. Is possible. In addition, even if the encapsulating layer of the heat storage capsule 5 is broken, the latent heat storage material is adsorbed on the granular carbon material 7 so as to suppress the outflow of the latent heat storage material. Further, since the granular carbon material 7 is chemically stable, it does not react with the latent heat storage material. Further, even if the heat storage capsule 5 contains a chemical substance such as formaldehyde, even if it oozes out, it is adsorbed to the granular carbon material 7.
　建材シート６は、室内の冷暖房のエネルギーの更なる効率化を行うことができる。例えば、冬期において、暖房機を稼働させ適温になってから暖房機を止めた後、室内空間の温度が温度低下を抑えるための低い融点の潜熱蓄熱材の蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域にないときにでも、温度降下を緩やかにすることができる。また、夏期において、冷房機を稼働させ適温になってから冷房機を止めた後、室内空間の温度が温度上昇を抑えるための高い融点の潜熱蓄熱材の蓄熱効果が及ぶ温度域にないときにでも、温度上昇を緩やかにすることができる。 The building material sheet 6 can further increase the efficiency of indoor air-conditioning energy. For example, in winter, when the heater is turned on after the heater is turned on and has reached an appropriate temperature, the temperature of the indoor space is not in the temperature range where the heat storage effect of the low-melting-point latent heat storage material to suppress the temperature drop is reached. However, the temperature drop can be moderated. Also, during the summer, after the air conditioner has been operated and turned to an appropriate temperature, the air conditioner is turned off, and then the temperature of the indoor space is not within the temperature range where the heat storage effect of the latent heat storage material with a high melting point for suppressing temperature rise is reached. However, the temperature rise can be moderated.
　以上、本発明の実施形態に係る建材シートについて説明したが、本発明は、実施形態に記載したものに限られることなく、請求の範囲に記載した事項の範囲内での設計変更が可能である。例えば、建材シート１、６を構成する各シートの厚さや大きさなどは適宜変更することができる。また、建材シート１、６は壁のみならず、適切な室内側保護シート２を用いることにより、天井や床などに使用することが可能であり、また、パーテイションなどにも使用することが可能である。また、住宅やオフィスビルの部屋に限らず、自動車、電車、飛行機などの室内に使用することも可能である。 The building material sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the one described in the embodiment, and the design can be changed within the scope of the matters described in the claims. . For example, the thickness and size of each sheet constituting the building material sheets 1 and 6 can be appropriately changed. In addition, the building material sheets 1 and 6 can be used not only on the wall but also on the ceiling or floor by using an appropriate indoor protection sheet 2, and can also be used for partitioning. is there. Moreover, it can be used not only in a room of a house or an office building but also in a room such as an automobile, a train, and an airplane.
　１、６　建材シート
　２　　　室内側保護シート
　３　　　黒鉛シート
　４　　　貼付用シート
　５　　　蓄熱カプセル
　７　　　粒状炭素材 1, 6 Building material sheet 2 Indoor side protection sheet 3 Graphite sheet 4 Sheet for pasting 5 Thermal storage capsule 7 Granular carbon material

Claims (3)

  1. 　布製又は紙製の室内側保護シートと、
    　該室内側保護シートに接着された黒鉛シートと、
    　該黒鉛シートに接着された紙製又は布製の貼付用シートと、
    を備え、
    　前記黒鉛シートと前記貼付用シートの間に、潜熱蓄熱材を封入層によって封入した多数の蓄熱カプセルを有していることを特徴とする建材シート。     Cloth or paper indoor protection sheet,
    A graphite sheet bonded to the indoor protective sheet;
    A paper or cloth sticking sheet adhered to the graphite sheet;
    With
    A building material sheet comprising a plurality of heat storage capsules in which a latent heat storage material is enclosed by an encapsulation layer between the graphite sheet and the sticking sheet.
  2. 　請求項１に記載された建材シートにおいて、
    　前記蓄熱カプセルは、２種類以上あり、種類が異なると潜熱蓄熱材の融点が異なっていることを特徴とする建材シート。     In the building material sheet according to claim 1,
    There are two or more types of the heat storage capsule, and the building material sheet is characterized in that the melting point of the latent heat storage material is different when the type is different.
  3. 　請求項１又は２に記載された建材シートにおいて、
    　前記黒鉛シートと前記貼付用シートの間に、前記多数の蓄熱カプセルとは別に、多数の多孔質の粒状炭素材を有していることを特徴とする建材シート。     In the building material sheet according to claim 1 or 2,
    A building material sheet having a number of porous granular carbon materials separately from the number of heat storage capsules between the graphite sheet and the sheet for sticking.
PCT/JP2012/073751 2011-09-16 2012-09-15 Building material sheet WO2013039242A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2014211221A (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-11-13 大日本印刷株式会社 Heat insulation member
WO2019234809A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-12 株式会社大木工藝 Thermal insulation sheet and sheet material using same

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