WO2013035788A1 - Dispositif d'éclairage et montant d'éclairage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'éclairage et montant d'éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013035788A1
WO2013035788A1 PCT/JP2012/072749 JP2012072749W WO2013035788A1 WO 2013035788 A1 WO2013035788 A1 WO 2013035788A1 JP 2012072749 W JP2012072749 W JP 2012072749W WO 2013035788 A1 WO2013035788 A1 WO 2013035788A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
main surface
light guide
guide plate
illumination
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/072749
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
清水佳恵
谷尻　靖
Original Assignee
コニカミノルタアドバンストレイヤー株式会社
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Application filed by コニカミノルタアドバンストレイヤー株式会社 filed Critical コニカミノルタアドバンストレイヤー株式会社
Publication of WO2013035788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013035788A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S6/00—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S6/00—Lighting devices intended to be free-standing
    • F21S6/002—Table lamps, e.g. for ambient lighting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lighting device and a lighting stand.
  • an edge light type backlight has a light guide plate disposed on the back side of a liquid crystal panel, and a light source such as a fluorescent lamp is disposed on a side portion of the light guide plate.
  • the light source is arranged at a position outside the area occupied by the liquid crystal panel, and the light propagates while being totally reflected inside the light guide plate, so that the luminance unevenness does not increase and the thickness of the entire apparatus can be reduced. There is.
  • the light source plate is made perpendicular to the light guide plate while improving the light utilization efficiency by causing the light source light to approach the parallel light and enter the light guide plate by the light collector disposed between the light source and the light guide plate.
  • a backlight suitable for a liquid crystal or the like can be obtained by making the emitted light in the direction uniform.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a light source, a reflecting mirror that covers the periphery of the light source and irradiates light from a light projecting opening on one end side, and light from a light source incident upon being connected to the light projecting opening of the reflecting mirror.
  • a light guide including a hollow guide portion that emits light from a required peripheral surface.
  • Such a light guide is provided with light splitting light guiding means for dividing light incident on the guide portion from the light projection opening of the reflecting mirror into a plurality of directions and directing the light in a required direction. The light is not guided by reflection on the inner surface of the light guide, but is guided to a predetermined portion of the guide portion by the light splitting light guide means.
  • LEDs Light Emitting Diodes
  • the blue LED chip was developed, a white LED light source that emits white light by combining the blue LED chip and a phosphor that is excited by light from the LED chip and emits excitation light of a predetermined wavelength, A white LED light source that synthesizes white light using three primary color LED chips of a blue LED chip, a green LED chip, and a red LED chip has been developed.
  • an LED lighting device provided with this white LED light source is used as a lighting device for a lighting fixture.
  • an illumination device for an illumination stand it has been sought to use an LED light source that consumes less power and generates less heat.
  • an illumination device for an illumination stand that uses a plurality of LEDs and a light guide plate has already been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 4).
  • a light fixture capable of uniformly irradiating a wide area can be constructed by injecting light from a light emitting element such as an LED from the side end face of the light guide plate, guiding the light in the light guide plate, and irradiating from the main surface.
  • a light emitting element such as an LED from the side end face of the light guide plate
  • the illuminance distribution has a maximum illuminance immediately below the lighting fixture, and the illuminance gradually decreases concentrically.
  • the back side of the luminaire far from the user is an area that generally does not require illumination or may be dark, it is wasteful to irradiate such areas with illumination light equivalent to the illumination area. It is not preferable.
  • This invention is made in view of said situation, Comprising: The illuminating device which can irradiate strong light in the direction different from the direction which the main surface which inject
  • the first object is to provide a lighting stand that can efficiently illuminate a hand while having low power consumption.
  • the present invention also provides a lighting device that can obtain high efficiency and high illuminance by using a light guide plate that splits a light beam from a light source, guides it while totally reflecting it, and emits the split light beam in the same direction.
  • the second object is to provide the above.
  • the lighting device comprises: A light guide plate comprising a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface; and a side surface portion extending in a direction intersecting the first main surface and the second main surface; A light source extending in the longitudinal direction of the side surface, A lighting device for a lighting fixture that guides light emitted from the light source within the light guide plate while being reflected by the first main surface and the second main surface, and emits the light from the first main surface, By deflecting the optical path in the light guide plate to either the first main surface or the second main surface, the angle of incidence on the first main surface is made smaller than the total reflection angle.
  • a light extraction part that extracts light from the main surface is provided,
  • the illumination light is irradiated with a predetermined angle deflected from the normal direction of the first main surface, and the angle ⁇ max formed between the normal of the first main surface and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40. Meet °.
  • the light extraction part which takes out light from the 1st main surface by deflecting the optical path in a light-guide plate and making the incident angle to a 1st main surface smaller than a total reflection angle is provided.
  • the illumination light is irradiated with a predetermined angle deflected from the normal direction of the first main surface, and the angle ⁇ max formed by the normal of the first main surface and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light satisfies 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40 °. Since it satisfy
  • a lighting device is: A light guide plate comprising a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface; and a side surface portion extending in a direction intersecting the first main surface and the second main surface; A light source extending in the longitudinal direction of the side surface, A lighting device for a lighting fixture that guides light emitted from the light source within the light guide plate while being reflected by the first main surface and the second main surface, and emits the light from the first main surface,
  • the light guide plate is formed of a medium material having a refractive index greater than 1.4, and deflects an optical path in the light guide plate to the first main surface to either the first main surface or the second main surface.
  • a light extraction portion that extracts light from the first main surface by setting the incident angle to be smaller than the total reflection angle
  • the side surface portion includes a first deflection surface that divides the light incident on the side surface portion, and a second deflection surface.
  • a deflection surface The light from the light source is transmitted through or reflected by the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface, and then reflected and guided in the light guide plate. Of the light guided in the light guide plate, both the light transmitted or reflected by the first deflection surface and the light transmitted or reflected by the second deflection surface are incident on the light extraction unit.
  • the first main surface is configured to emit light in the same direction with respect to the normal of the first main surface.
  • this illuminating device it is possible to obtain high efficiency and high illuminance by using a light guide plate that splits a light beam from a light source, guides it while totally reflecting it, and emits the split light beam in the same direction.
  • a device can be realized.
  • An illumination stand is an illumination stand using the above-described illumination device, and includes a pedestal portion and a support column, the illumination device is mounted on a tip end side of the support column, and the first main surface of the illumination device is provided.
  • the light emitted from the illuminating device is emitted at an angle inclined in a direction away from the side where the column is disposed.
  • the first main surface of the lighting device is arranged in parallel with the surface to be illuminated, and the lighting device is placed in the front of the illuminated region. Since the illuminated area on the side can be efficiently illuminated, it is possible to obtain a lighting fixture that can efficiently illuminate the hand with low power consumption.
  • the illumination device capable of irradiating strong light in a direction different from the direction of the main surface emitting the illumination light of the light guide plate, and the illumination device including the illumination device, with low power consumption and at hand It is possible to provide a lighting stand that can efficiently illuminate the light.
  • high efficiency and high illuminance can be obtained by using a light guide plate that splits a light beam from a light source, guides it while totally reflecting it, and emits the split light beam in the same direction. It is possible to provide an illumination device that is thin and lightweight, and an illumination stand that includes this illumination device and can illuminate a hand efficiently while having low power consumption.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory enlarged sectional view showing only a part of the LED 2 and the light guide plate 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory enlarged sectional view showing only a part of the LED 2 and the light guide plate 1.
  • (A)-(c) is a figure which shows the angle characteristic of illumination light intensity for every condition in the model of FIG.
  • the illuminating device is an illuminating device U having an irradiation surface that emits surface light.
  • a first main surface (outgoing surface) 11 that emits surface light
  • this A light guide plate 1 having a second main surface (reflective surface) 12 facing and parallel to the first main surface, and extending in a direction intersecting the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12,
  • a plurality of light-emitting elements 2 disposed to face one side surface (one end face) that serves as the incident surface 13 of the light guide plate 1, and the light emitted from the light-emitting elements 2 is transmitted into the light guide plate 1.
  • the illuminating device U for lighting fixtures light-guided to and inject
  • the first main surface (outgoing surface) 11 and the second main surface (reflecting surface) 12 are not completely parallel, but the same effect can be obtained even if they deviate from parallel by about 5 degrees. . That is, the term “parallel” as used in this specification includes a case where they are tilted within 5 degrees.
  • the light guide plate 1 is a flat plate whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the paper surface, and is configured to be integrally accommodated in the case 3 together with the light emitting element 2 so as to expose the first main surface 11.
  • the light emitting element 2 may be a light source that emits illumination light in the direction of the incident surface 13.
  • a linear light source cold cathode tube
  • a plurality of light sources arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the incident surface 13 may be used.
  • a point light source (LED) can be used.
  • a plurality of LEDs 2 are arranged at substantially equal intervals (for example, a pitch of about 15 mm) in the longitudinal direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface) of the substrate 21 accommodated in the case 3.
  • the LED 2 is a white LED, and emits white light by combining a blue LED and a phosphor that is excited by light from the blue LED and emits excitation light having a predetermined wavelength (for example, a yellow phosphor).
  • the white LED may be a high color rendering LED that is a combination of a red LED, a blue LED, and a green LED. By using the high color rendering LED, it is possible to realize an illumination device suitable for an application requiring high color reproducibility.
  • the substrate 21 has a length approximately equal to the entire width in the longitudinal direction of the incident surface 13, and a plurality of chip-type LEDs 2 are mounted on the substrate 21 at a predetermined pitch.
  • substrate 21 is united in the longitudinal direction, it is good also as a structure which divides
  • the substrate 21 is connected to a power supply circuit (not shown) arranged outside the lighting device by a lead wire, and the brightness of the lighting device is adjusted by adjusting a current flowing through the LED by a brightness adjustment button provided in the electric circuit. The height can be adjusted.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are enlarged sectional views for explanation showing only the LED 2 and a part of the light guide plate 1.
  • the incident surface 13 has a V-shaped groove shape, and includes a first deflection plane 13 a and a second deflection plane 13 b which are inclined so as to approach the outer peripheral side of the LED 2 with the center in the thickness direction of the light guide plate 1 as a boundary. Therefore, the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a and travels toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is refracted by the second deflection plane 13b. Then, it is directed to the first main surface 11.
  • the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b of the incident surface 13 are symmetrical, the light traveling toward the first main surface 11 and the light traveling toward the second main surface 12 are substantially divided into two parts, and the total reflection component. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high extraction efficiency.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b is desirably up to 20 degrees.
  • the high intensity light emitted from the LED 2 does not become a total reflection component on the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12 and is emitted at a position close to the LED 2.
  • Light extraction efficiency deteriorates.
  • the low-intensity light emitted from the LED 2 at a radiation angle of 70 degrees (cosine 0.34) is incident and incident on the incident plane 13 Fresnel reflection is relatively small at an angle of 50 degrees.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b is preferably equal to or larger than atan (t / (2L)).
  • the thickness of the light guide plate is t (mm)
  • the distance from the incident surface 13 to the end surface opposite to the incident surface of the light guide plate 1 is L (mm).
  • the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b are incident on the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12 that are incident first at a total reflection angle.
  • the light guide plate 1 is formed of a material having a refractive index of 1.5, the refracted all incident light beams are refracted at the inclination angle ⁇ of the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b of 6 ° or less and the first main surface 11 and the first deflection plane 13b. Two total reflections will occur at the main surface 12.
  • it is desirable that the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b are inclined at an inclination angle ⁇ 1.5 degrees or more.
  • the light emitted from the LED 2 enters from the incident surface 13 and is guided through the light guide plate 1. That is, light is guided between the lower surface (first main surface 11) and the upper surface (second main surface) of the light guide plate 1 while being totally reflected, enters the light extraction portion 15 and deviates from the total reflection angle. Light is emitted from the first main surface 11 to emit light.
  • the light extraction unit 15 can emit strong light in a direction inclined with respect to the normal of the main surface (first main surface 11) that emits the illumination light of the light guide plate 1 when performing surface emission. is there.
  • a light extraction portion 15 is provided on either the first main surface 11 or the second main surface 12, and the light extraction portion 15 is used to deflect a predetermined angle from the perpendicular direction of the first main surface 11.
  • the illumination light is emitted.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed between the perpendicular of the first main surface 11 and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light preferably satisfies 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40 °, as will be described later. More preferably, 15 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 35 °.
  • the light extraction portion 15 is provided on the second main surface 12 opposite to the exit surface, so that the illuminance distribution can be made uniform and the illuminance distribution at the exit surface position can be made more uniform. Can be.
  • the V groove constituting the light extraction portion 15 has a first inclined surface V1A (inclined surface) on the incident surface side and a second inclined surface V2A that forms the V groove together with the first inclined surface V1A.
  • the inclination angle of the first slope V1A can be adjusted to emit in the normal direction of the first main surface 11. More specifically, the first slope V1A is set so that the vertical direction becomes the maximum peak intensity of the illumination light.
  • a broken line indicates an optical path of low-intensity light that is incident from the incident surface 13 and is directly incident on the first inclined surface V1A.
  • the light that is directly incident on the first slope V1A has a significantly different emission direction from the light that is totally reflected and guided, and thus the efficiency is deteriorated.
  • the incident surface 13 is an inclined first deflection plane 13a and second deflection plane 13b, the amount of light directly incident on the first inclined plane V1A is extremely small.
  • the inclination angle of the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b is preferably equal to or greater than an angle of atan (t / (2M)).
  • the thickness of the light guide plate is t (mm)
  • the distance from the incident surface (side surface portion) 13 to the first first slope V1A is M (mm).
  • the light guide plate 1 is made of a transparent material having a refractive index of about 1.4 or more and transmitting visible light (for example, PMMA: acryl having a refractive index of about 1.5), and has a V-groove-shaped light extraction.
  • the portion 15 can be formed by additional machining or can be formed integrally.
  • the light guide plate 1 may be a glass material, acrylic other than PMMA, polycarbonate, a silicon resin sheet having plasticity, or the like depending on applications.
  • the first inclined surface V1A can be roughened and a diffusion effect can be provided as a diffusion means.
  • the diffusivity in the light guide direction is preferably 3 to 10 degrees in full width at half maximum.
  • the diffusivity of the slope serving as the light extraction means may be an anisotropic diffusion surface having a larger diffusivity in the LED arrangement direction.
  • the diffusing means for example, the inclined surface is roughened by transfer molding with a mold having a high surface roughness on the inclined surface, or a point light source such as an LED is used.
  • the diffusivity of the inclined surface as the light extraction means may be an anisotropic diffusion surface having a larger diffusivity in the LED arrangement direction.
  • An anisotropic diffusion surface can be realized by combining a surface relief hologram (see paragraph [0011] of JP-A-2009-170430) or a blast surface having isotropic scattering with an anisotropic scattering structure for a hairline.
  • the light beam emitted from the LED 2 is guided while being totally reflected between the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12, and the light beam reflected and diffused by the light extraction unit 15 and deviated from the total reflection angle is the first light beam.
  • the light is emitted from the main surface 11 as illumination light.
  • the reflection plate 4 by disposing the reflection plate 4 outside the second main surface 12, the light deflected by the light extraction portion 15 and leaked to the outside of the second main surface 12 is reflected and again enters the light guide plate 1.
  • the intensity of illumination light emitted from the first main surface 11 can be increased, and a highly efficient illumination device U can be realized.
  • the reflecting plate 4 is not essential, it is preferable to dispose the reflecting plate 4 outside the second main surface 12 from the above viewpoint.
  • the reflection plate 4 may be made of a resin plate having a mirror treatment or mirror film attached to the inner surface thereof, an aluminum sheet metal having a reflection surface subjected to white reflection treatment or mirror treatment of white coating, or the like. Moreover, you may form the inner surface of case 3 which accommodates the light-guide plate 1 as a reflective surface which gave the white reflection process and the mirror process of the white coating to the aluminum sheet metal, for example, and a reflective film (for example, Kimoto company make) (Ref white) may be used.
  • a reflective film for example, Kimoto company make
  • the diffusion plate 5 is disposed outside the first main surface 11. With this configuration, even when the light extraction portion 15 is configured by a plurality of V grooves that are discretely arranged, the illuminance unevenness (luminance unevenness) of the illumination light on the exit surface (first main surface 11) is reduced. Thus, it is possible to realize a high-quality lighting device U that is uniform and easy on the eyes.
  • the diffusion plate 5 may be a conventionally known resin diffusion plate or resin diffusion film having translucency. Although the diffusing plate 5 is not an essential configuration, it is preferable to dispose the diffusing plate 5 outside the first main surface 11 from the above viewpoint.
  • a light guide plate 1A shown in FIG. 5 is provided in the illumination device U1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and is made of a transparent body having a refractive index of 1 or more, for example, PMMA having a refractive index of about 1.5.
  • the length L is 50 mm
  • the thickness t is 3 mm
  • the width (perpendicular to the paper surface) is 200 mm.
  • the maximum interval of the inclined surfaces that is, the sum of the connecting surface and the plane portion that is the light extraction means in the light guide direction between the concave or convex structures is P max (mm), and the light emitted from the inclined surfaces
  • P max the full width at half maximum of the diffusion angle
  • t the distance between the inclined surface and the diffusion plate adjacent to the exit surface
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove is smaller than tsin ⁇ , the entire emission surface emits light.
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove is tsin ⁇ or more, the user may not feel uncomfortable.
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove is larger than tsin ⁇ , the light beams emitted from the first inclined surfaces V1A do not intersect before exiting from the exit surface, and thus a low-brightness region BK appears on the exit surface.
  • the low-brightness region BK appears as a striped stripe pattern.
  • the incident surface 13 is a flat surface
  • the light emitted perpendicularly from the LED 2 travels straight in the light guide plate, so that the efficiency of taking out the illumination light from the first main surface 11 is lowered.
  • a plurality of V grooves having a triangular cross section are formed as the light extraction portion 15.
  • the illuminance distribution on the emission surface can be made uniform.
  • the V-groove has a first slope V1 (V1A) on the incident surface side and a second slope V2 (V2A) that forms a V-groove together with the first slope V1, and its width LV is 1 mm, and the first slope V1.
  • V1A first slope
  • V2A second slope
  • the perpendicular ⁇ of the second principal surface 12 is 60 °
  • the angle ⁇ 2A between the second slope V2 and the perpendicular of the second principal surface 12 is 30 °.
  • the width LV of the V groove is preferably smaller than the thickness t of the light guide plate 1A (LV ⁇ t). If the LV is too large, the amount of light reflected from one slope of the V-groove and emitted outside the light guide plate increases, and luminance unevenness of the illumination light tends to occur. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the thickness t of the light guide plate 1A is 3 mm, and the width LV of the V groove is 1 mm.
  • the arrangement pitch P of the V-groove is gradually decreased as the distance from the light source is increased, that is, the arrangement density is increased.
  • the maximum pitch P1 is set to 3.5 mm, and the pitch is gradually decreased from P2 to Pn (about 1 mm).
  • the angle ⁇ 1 ( ⁇ 1A) formed by the first slope V1 and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 satisfies 50 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 75 °.
  • the illumination light can be efficiently emitted in a direction inclined from the first main surface 11 through the first inclined surface V1 inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 larger than 45 °.
  • the angle ⁇ formed between the perpendicular of the first main surface 11 and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is reflected by the first inclined surface V ⁇ b> 1 before reaching the opposing end surface 14. max can satisfy 15 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 35 °.
  • the first main surface 11 is the surface to be illuminated (for example, the desk surface).
  • the illuminated area can be illuminated brightly over a wide range. Further, since the high-intensity illumination light from the illumination device does not directly enter the eyes of the observer, the user can observe the illuminated object brightly without feeling dazzling.
  • the angle formed by the first slope V1 and the second slope V2 that is, ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 satisfies 80 ° ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 ⁇ 110 °.
  • the light enters the light guide plate from the incident surface and is guided through the light guide plate.
  • the reflected light can be efficiently emitted in the direction where ⁇ max is> 0, that is, in the direction inclined from the normal direction of the lighting device to the user side.
  • the lighting device U1 of the first embodiment including the light guide plate 1A is inclined in the direction of ⁇ max shown in the drawing, that is, from the normal direction of the lighting device to the user side. Emits maximum intensity light in the direction.
  • FIG. 7 shows the angular characteristics of the illumination light intensity of the illumination device U1 of the first embodiment.
  • the xz cross section shown in the figure corresponds to a plane parallel to the paper plane passing through the center of the illumination device U1 shown in FIG. 6, that is, the upper and lower planes of the illumination space from the exit surface to the desk surface, and the yz cross section shown in the figure. Corresponds to a plane parallel to the width of the illumination device U1 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface).
  • the angular characteristic of the illumination light intensity shown in FIG. 7 is a calculation result by simulation.
  • a light extraction portion 15A made of a V-groove having a predetermined shape on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1A illumination light having an xz cross section is obtained.
  • the intensity RA the illumination light distribution inclined by a predetermined angle from the perpendicular direction of the illumination device U1 to the right side in the drawing, that is, toward the user side is shown.
  • the illumination light intensity RB of the yz section it can be seen that the illumination light distribution changes substantially uniformly in the yz section direction.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 22.5 °. That is, the light composed of the V-groove having the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first inclined plane V1 and the perpendicular of the second principal surface 12 of 60 ° and the angle ⁇ 2 formed by the second inclined plane V2 and the perpendicular of the second principal surface 12 of 30 °.
  • the take-out part 15 it is possible to realize the illuminating device U1 that shows the illumination light distribution inclined by 22.5 degrees toward the user side.
  • the surfaces other than the incident surface 13 and the first main surface 11 serving as the exit surface of the light guide plate 1A are adjacent to the respective surfaces, and a reflecting plate having diffusion characteristics and high reflectance is disposed.
  • a reflecting plate for example, a reflective film such as Ref White manufactured by Kimoto Co. can be used.
  • a diffusion plate 5 is disposed below the light guide plate 1A via an air layer (for example, about 0.5 mm). By disposing the diffusion plate 5, it is possible to reduce illuminance unevenness and luminance unevenness on the exit surface of the lighting device U ⁇ b> 1. In particular, it is possible to realize a high-quality lighting device that suppresses the glare unique to the V-groove and is easy on the eyes.
  • the V groove constituting the light extraction portion 15A is not provided within a predetermined distance from the incident surface 13.
  • the V-groove is not provided in the non-arrangement region La (about 5 mm) shown in FIG. 5, but the V-groove is provided only in the arrangement region Lb. That is, this arrangement region Lb becomes a light extraction portion installation portion.
  • the LED 2 that is a point light source is discretely arranged, so that the incident light is reflected before mixing, and a bright line is generated in the vicinity of the incident surface of the illumination device, resulting in luminance.
  • the distribution is uneven. Therefore, the non-arrangement region La is provided so that the optical path is deflected after the incident lights overlap each other.
  • the V-grooves constituting the light extraction portion 15A are arranged so that the arrangement pitch is gradually reduced, that is, the installation density is increased as the distance from the light source side increases.
  • the pitch is arranged so as to be gradually reduced from 3.5 mm to 1 mm.
  • the lighting device U1 of the first embodiment can be suitably applied to lighting fixtures such as sink lamps and lighting stands.
  • lighting fixtures such as sink lamps and lighting stands.
  • a lighting stand that is a lighting fixture including the lighting device U1 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the illuminating device of this invention is applicable also to the step illumination which installs on a wall surface and illuminates a floor surface.
  • the lighting stand ST1 shown in FIG. 8 is a lighting fixture using the lighting device U1. Moreover, the base part 31 and the support
  • the illuminating device U1 shows the illumination light distribution in which the portion inclined by 22.5 degrees toward the user side has the maximum intensity, and therefore, as shown by the angle ⁇ max in the drawing, it is about 22.5 °.
  • Maximum intensity illumination light is emitted in a direction inclined toward the user (observer 40). Further, the reflected light RF reflected from the desk surface 30 enters the eyes of the observer 40.
  • FIG. 9 shows an image of the illuminance distribution on the desk top surface when the distance H between the first main surface 11 of the lighting device U1 and the desk top surface is 400 mm, and the illuminance ratio at this time is graphed. Is shown in FIG.
  • the illuminance is high in the vicinity of the illumination device U1 of the illumination stand ST1.
  • the front side (+ side of the x axis) has an asymmetric illumination distribution with higher illuminance than the back side of the desk ( ⁇ side of the x axis).
  • the maximum intensity illumination light is on the viewer 40 side. Because it is tilted to the side, you can illuminate your hand sufficiently brightly.
  • the illuminance Rx on the x-axis has a high illuminance ratio on the front side and a low illuminance ratio on the back side.
  • This graph is a graph showing the illuminance distribution on the x-axis and y-axis of the surface to be illuminated (desk surface) 400 mm below the illumination device, with the origin directly below the illumination device.
  • the illuminance distribution indicates a value normalized with the maximum illuminance on the surface to be illuminated as 1.
  • the illuminance distribution of the illuminance Ry on the y-axis is substantially symmetric with respect to the origin, but the illuminance distribution of the illuminance Rx on the x-axis is asymmetric and is a positive (+) region, that is, on the observer side. It can be seen that the region is illuminated brighter than the negative ( ⁇ ) region of x, that is, the back side of the illumination stand ST1.
  • the illumination device Accordingly, by using the illumination device according to the present embodiment, a highly efficient lighting apparatus that illuminates the illuminated area over a wide area and reduces unnecessary illumination light to an area that does not require illumination is realized. be able to.
  • the specularly reflected light on the observation surface of the maximum intensity light is reflected to the user (observer) side.
  • Brighter observation is possible.
  • the intensity centroid of the observation light often coincides with the regular reflection direction, so that it is effective even if the observation surface is a diffusion surface.
  • an angle ⁇ 1B formed by the first inclined surface V1B and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 is 45 °
  • an angle ⁇ 2B formed by the second inclined surface V2B and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 is 45.
  • a light extraction portion 15B composed of a V groove is provided. That is, ⁇ 1B is an example that does not satisfy 50 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 75 °.
  • the V-groove provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1B is symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular to the second main surface 12, and the first inclined surface V1B and the second inclined surface V2B This is an example in which ⁇ 1B + ⁇ 2B is 90 °.
  • the thickness t of the light guide plate 1B is 3 mm, and the width LV of the V groove is 1 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is 0 °, and it can be seen that the perpendicular direction of the first main surface 11 has the maximum intensity.
  • the intensity distribution of the illumination light is all However, in the xz cross section, the intensity of a region where x is slightly positive is strong.
  • the illumination device using the light guide plate 1B having a configuration example in which the V-groove constituting the light extraction portion 15 has a slope that is not in a predetermined angular range cannot efficiently illuminate the viewer's hand side.
  • the illumination device of this second embodiment is different in that the light guide plate 1A of the illumination device U1 of the first embodiment described above is replaced with a light guide plate 1C, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 14, only the light guide plate 1 ⁇ / b> C is displayed as the main configuration of the lighting device.
  • the light guide plate 1 ⁇ / b> C included in the illumination device of the second embodiment has an angle ⁇ ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ / b> C formed by the first inclined surface V ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ / b> C and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 of 74.5 °,
  • a light extraction portion 15C made of a V-groove having an angle ⁇ 2C formed with the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 of 30 ° is provided.
  • the V-groove provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1C is asymmetric with respect to the perpendicular to the second main surface 12, and the angle formed by the first inclined surface V1C and the second inclined surface V2C, ⁇ 1C + ⁇ 2C is 104.5.
  • the thickness t of the light guide plate 1C is 3 mm, and the width LV of the V groove is 1 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is 15 °, and the direction inclined to the front side (observer side) by 15 ° from the perpendicular direction of the first main surface 11 may be the maximum intensity. I understand.
  • the illuminating device using this light guide plate 1C has a high illuminance distribution even in the range of 300 to 500 mm on the x-axis. Yes. That is, it can be seen that by using an illuminating device having ⁇ max of about 15 ° (corresponding to 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40 °), it is possible to illuminate brighter up to the viewer.
  • the illumination device of the third embodiment is also different from the illumination device U1 of the first embodiment described above in that the light guide plate 1A is replaced with the light guide plate 1D. Only the light plate 1D is displayed.
  • the light guide plate 1D included in the illumination device of the third embodiment has an angle ⁇ 1D formed by the first inclined surface V1D and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 of 55 °, and the second inclined surface V2D and the second inclined surface V2D.
  • a light extraction portion 15D formed of a V-groove having an angle ⁇ 2D formed by a perpendicular to the main surface 12 of 35 ° is provided.
  • the V-groove provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1D is asymmetric with respect to the normal of the second main surface 12, and the angle formed by the first inclined surface V1D and the second inclined surface V2D, ⁇ 1D + ⁇ 2D is 90 °. It is an example.
  • the thickness t of the light guide plate 1D is 3 mm, and the width LV of the V groove is 1 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is 17 °, and the direction inclined toward the front side (observer side) by 17 ° from the perpendicular direction of the first main surface 11 may be the maximum intensity. I understand.
  • the illuminator using this light guide plate 1D has a high illuminance distribution even in the range of 0 to 300 mm on the x-axis. Yes. That is, it can be seen that the front side of the observer can be illuminated more brightly.
  • the illumination device according to the first to third embodiments is used as an illumination stand, it is preferable that the light from the stand light source does not directly enter the eyes of the observer. Therefore, when the observer observes the reflected light that is reflected from the desk top surface by the maximum intensity irradiation light deflected through the light extraction unit 15 (15A, 15C, 15D), the light of the stand light source is in the eyes of the observer. Whether or not to enter will be confirmed using FIG.
  • a lighting stand ST2 shown in FIG. 20 is a lighting fixture using the lighting device according to the present embodiment. Further, the pedestal portion 31 and the support column 32 are provided, the lighting device U (U1) is mounted on the distal end side of the support column 32, and the first main surface 11 emitting surface light of the lighting device U (U1) is defined as the illumination surface. It is designed to be installed in parallel.
  • the illuminating device U (U1) exhibits an illumination light distribution tilted at a predetermined angle (0 to 40 degrees) toward the user side. Therefore, the illuminating device U (U1) has a predetermined angle indicated by an angle ⁇ max in FIG. ) Emits the illumination light of maximum intensity in the direction inclined to the side. Further, the observer 40 observes the reflected light RF reflected from the desk surface 30.
  • the visual field angle of the person in the vertical direction is approximately 50 ° for the upper visual angle VA1 and approximately 75 ° for the lower visual angle VA2, so that the visual field range of the observer who observes the reflected light RF. As shown in the figure, this is a region between the upper limit visual field AL1 tilted 50 ° upward from the reflected light RF and the lower limit visual field AL2 opened 75 ° downward.
  • the angle ⁇ max when the angle ⁇ max is 40 °, the upper limit visual field VL1 becomes a substantially horizontal angle, and the direct light RL from the illumination device U enters the eye of the last observer 40. That is, if ⁇ max is smaller than 40 °, the direct light RL from the illumination device U does not enter the eyes of the observer 40.
  • the minimum required angle ⁇ max at which the head of the viewer 40 does not hit the lighting device is about 10 °. That is, if 10 ° ⁇ max , the observer 40 can observe the illumination surface brightly without feeling inconvenience such as the lighting device hitting the head.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed between the perpendicular line of the first main surface of the light guide plate and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light satisfies 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40 °. It is preferable to satisfy (more preferably, as described above, 15 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 35 °).
  • the V-grooves provided in the light guide plate as the light extraction means are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the second main surface 12, so that if the pitch between the V-grooves is too wide, stripe-like illuminance unevenness occurs on the exit surface. End up.
  • the V-groove pitch is such that stripe-like illuminance unevenness is substantially uniform on the exit surface (outermost surface, that is, the diffusing surface) of the lighting device, and is preferably V-groove shape.
  • a predetermined V-groove configuration capable of uniformly illuminating with reduced illuminance unevenness on the exit surface will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the light guide plate 1Ea shown in FIG. 21 has a constant V-groove pitch P (for example, 1 mm) at which the stripe-shaped illuminance unevenness on the exit surface of the lighting device becomes substantially uniform, and gradually increases the width of the V-groove having a similar cross-sectional shape.
  • the occupancy density (arrangement density) of the V-groove is increased as the distance from the light source increases.
  • the V-groove has an angle ⁇ 1A formed by the first slope V1 and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 of 60 °, and the second slope V2 and the second main surface 12
  • the angle ⁇ 2A formed with the perpendicular is 30 °.
  • the light guide plate 1Ea has a thickness t of 3 mm, and the V-groove width LV is such that the minimum width LV1 is 0.2 mm and the maximum width LVn is 1 mm.
  • ⁇ 1A 60 °
  • ⁇ 2A 30 °
  • the angle theta max of the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 22.5 °.
  • a diffusion plate is provided at a distance of 0.5 mm from the emission surface.
  • the light guide plate 1Eb shown in FIG. 22 has a V-groove pitch P or less where the stripe-shaped illuminance unevenness on the exit surface of the lighting device becomes substantially uniform, and the width of the V-groove having a similar cross-sectional shape is gradually increased.
  • the occupancy density (arrangement density) of the V-groove is increased as the distance from the light source increases.
  • the V-groove has a shape of ⁇ 1A of 60 ° and ⁇ 2A of 30 °, similar to the light guide plates 1A and 1Ea described above. Further, for the thickness t of the light guide plate 1Eb of 3 mm, the maximum width LVn of the V groove LV is 0.6 mm and the minimum width LV1 is 0.2 mm.
  • ⁇ 1A 60 °
  • ⁇ 2A 30 °
  • the angle theta max of the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 22.5 °.
  • a diffusion plate is provided at a distance of 0.5 mm from the emission surface.
  • illumination light emitted through the V-groove provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1Ec is indicated by a thin solid line.
  • a diffusion plate 5 is disposed below the first main surface 11 at a predetermined distance.
  • the exit surface of the illumination device may be observed in a stripe shape. If the pitch between the V grooves is too wide, the contrast of stripe-like illuminance unevenness on the exit surface (or the diffusion plate surface) increases. As the diffusion plate is farther from the exit surface, the diffusion effect is higher, but it is not preferable because it increases in size.
  • Lb shown in the figure is a non-emission region that does not mainly generate light emitted from the emission surface.
  • the arrangement position of the diffusion plate is determined based on a predetermined conditional expression with respect to the width Lb of the non-emission area and the maximum emission light intensity angle ⁇ max , thereby realizing illumination that is small but has no emission surface. can do.
  • the light from the inclined surfaces of the adjacent V-grooves is connected on the diffusion plate, so that the striped light is dispersed and emitted, and the illumination device with uniform illumination on the emission surface realizable.
  • the light extraction means provided on the light guide plate can be formed using a diffusion dot, for example, a lens-shaped three-dimensional diffusion dot, in addition to the V-groove.
  • a diffusion dot for example, a lens-shaped three-dimensional diffusion dot
  • FIGS. a fourth embodiment in which light extraction means is formed by three-dimensional diffusion dots will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the illumination device of the fourth embodiment also differs in that the light guide plate 1A of the illumination device U1 of the first embodiment described above is replaced with a light guide plate 1F provided with three-dimensional diffusion dots (convex dots) DT1, so that FIG. Only the light guide plate 1 ⁇ / b> F is displayed as the main configuration of the illumination device.
  • the light guide plate 1F shown in FIG. 24 has a plurality of three-dimensional diffusion dots DT1 arranged at a predetermined pitch on the second main surface 12 on the upper surface.
  • Such an eccentric three-dimensional diffusion dot DT1 can be manufactured, for example, by wiping a UV curable resin from a nozzle to an arbitrary position on the light guide plate and irradiating it with ultraviolet rays to be cured.
  • the eccentric shape can be produced by wiping and curing one dot a plurality of times while shifting the position while controlling the amount.
  • it can also manufacture by shape
  • the emission angle of the illumination light that is totally reflected on the surface of the diffusion dot and emitted from the first main surface can be controlled in an oblique direction.
  • the three-dimensional diffusion dots DT1 are arranged so that the distance from each other decreases as the distance from the incident surface increases, that is, the density gradually increases.
  • FIG. 25 shows the angle characteristics of the illumination light intensity of the illumination device provided with the light guide plate 1F on which the three-dimensional diffusion dots DT1 are formed
  • FIG. 26 shows the illuminance ratio of the irradiated surface (desk top surface).
  • ⁇ max about 25 °, and it can be seen that the positive region (observer side) of the x axis is widely and efficiently illuminated.
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a and travels toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is the second deflection plane 13b.
  • the light is guided through the light guide plate 1 ⁇ / b> F so as to be refracted at the first main surface 11.
  • the guided light is incident on the three-dimensional diffusion dot DT1, then reflected by the spherical surface or aspherical surface and incident on the first main surface 11 side in a state where the total reflection condition is broken. It comes out.
  • the light guide plate 1F including the light extraction portion 15F formed with the lens-shaped three-dimensional diffusion dots DT1 decentered in the predetermined direction is inclined at a predetermined angle away from the vertical direction of the first main surface. Illumination light having a maximum intensity in the direction can be generated.
  • Illumination light having the maximum intensity can be generated in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle from the vertical direction of the first main surface.
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modification together with the LEDs 2.
  • planar dots IJ having a diameter of about 0.1 mm are drawn on the second main surface 12 by inkjet. Since the light guide plate 1 having a refractive index of 1.5 is guided while being totally reflected by the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12, the light guide light having a reflection angle of 42 to 83 degrees has a loss. It can be kept low. On the other hand, the light guide light having a reflection angle of 83 ° to 90 ° has low intensity because it is light from the light source that has been refracted by the incident surface and diffracted light by the edge of the incident surface.
  • the guided light that is not totally reflected at a reflection angle of 38 to 42 degrees is low-intensity light that is emitted from the light source to the periphery, and is also low-intensity because it is Fresnel-reflected on the incident surface (see the graph of FIG. 29). ). That is, since high intensity light is guided by total reflection, it is highly efficient.
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is the second deflection plane 13b. Then, the light is guided through the light guide plate 1 so as to be refracted at the first main surface 11.
  • Diffusion dots IJ that diffuse light are formed on the second major surface 12.
  • the diffusion dots IJ are, for example, circular with a diameter of 1 mm and are arranged with a pitch of 1.5 to 2 mm.
  • the size, shape, and pitch of the diffusing dots IJ are not limited to this, and may be set so as to satisfy predetermined brightness and light distribution.
  • the line-shaped diffusion part is also included in the diffusion dots.
  • the guided light is diffused and reflected after entering the diffusing dot IJ and is incident on the first main surface 11 side in a state where the total reflection condition is broken, so that it is transmitted through and emitted.
  • the light distribution can be changed by changing the diffusion degree of the diffusion dots IJ. If the diffusivity is reduced, the angle of emission from the first main surface 11 can be increased.
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modification together with the LEDs 2.
  • the incident surface 13 is divided into two, and the upper half is a first Fresnel lens surface (first deflection surface) 13c and the lower half is a second Fresnel lens surface (second deflection surface) 13d.
  • first deflection surface first deflection surface
  • second deflection surface second deflection surface
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first Fresnel lens surface 13c and travels toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is the second Fresnel lens.
  • the light is guided through the light guide plate 1 so as to be refracted by the surface 13d toward the first main surface 11.
  • the incident surface 13 is divided into a Fresnel lens and divided into two light beams, and the angle of inclination is gradually changed so that the angle of inclination gradually decreases toward the end, and the light beam near the end and the vicinity of the center of the light guide plate
  • the intensity of the light beam can be improved by aligning the emission direction as a light beam with the angle of the light beam close.
  • FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modified example together with the LEDs 2.
  • the incident surface 13 is divided into two, the upper half is a first refracting surface (first deflecting surface) 13e having a condensing function, and the lower half is a second refracting surface (first 2 deflection surface) 13f.
  • first deflecting surface first deflecting surface
  • second refracting surface first 2 deflection surface
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first refracting surface 13e and travels toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is refracted by the second refracting surface 13f. Then, the light is guided through the light guide plate 1 so as to be refracted at the first main surface 11.
  • FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modified example together with the LEDs 2.
  • a convex portion 15 ′ as a light extraction means is formed to protrude from the second main surface 12.
  • the convex portion 15 ' includes a light source side slope S1 and an opposite slope (inclined surface) S2.
  • Other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.
  • the cross section shown in FIG. 32 may be other shapes besides a triangle, for example, the cross section may be a trapezoid.
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is the second deflection plane 13b.
  • the light guide plate 1 After being guided through the light guide plate 1 so as to be refracted at the first principal surface 11 and then incident on the inclined surface S2, the light flux that is reflected and diffused and deviates from the total reflection angle is reflected on the first principal surface 11. Is emitted as illumination light.
  • FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modified example together with the LEDs 2.
  • the LED 2 is provided facing the vicinity of the end of the first main surface 11.
  • Other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.
  • the light emitted from the left half of the LED 2 is incident from the first main surface 11, reflected by the second deflection plane 13 b toward the first main surface 11, and the light emitted from the right half of the LED 2 is The light is reflected by the one deflection plane 13 a and travels toward the second main surface 12.
  • FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing the light guide plate 1 according to another modified example together with the LEDs 2.
  • a V groove as the light extraction portion 15 is provided on the first main surface 11 side.
  • the inclination angle of the first inclined surface (inclined surface) V1B of the V groove is 30 degrees.
  • Other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is refracted by the second deflection plane 13b.
  • the total reflection is broken and transmitted by entering the first inclined surface V ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ / b> G, and emitted from the first main surface 11 as illumination light.
  • the emission direction is in a state inclined by 50 degrees on the side opposite to the light source with respect to the first inclined surface V1G (inclined by 80 degrees with respect to the normal line of the first main surface 11).
  • the light guide light having a reflection angle of 42 to 83 degrees is totally reflected by the first main surface 11 and the second main surface 12. Since the light is guided, the loss can be kept low.
  • the light guide light having a reflection angle of 83 ° to 90 ° has low intensity because it is light from the light source that has been refracted by the incident surface and diffracted light by the edge of the incident surface.
  • the guided light that is not totally reflected at a reflection angle of 38 to 42 degrees is low-intensity light that is emitted from the light source to the periphery, and is also low-intensity because it is Fresnel-reflected on the incident surface (see the graph of FIG. 29). ). That is, since high intensity light is guided by total reflection, it is highly efficient.
  • the description of RA and RB is the same as in FIG.
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ all in condition (A) is 23 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ upper in condition (B) is 23 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ lower in condition (C) is 23 degrees. Therefore, the light transmitted through the first deflection plane 13a and the second deflection plane 13b is emitted in the same direction.
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ all in condition (A) is 23 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ upper in condition (B) is 22 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ lower in condition (C) is 28 degrees. Therefore, the direction of emission can be changed so that the light transmitted through the second deflection plane 13b faces outward with respect to the light transmitted through the first deflection plane 13a.
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ all of condition (A) is 23 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ upper of condition (B) is 23.5 degrees
  • the maximum peak angle ⁇ max ⁇ lower of condition (C) is Since the angle is 21 degrees, it is possible to change the emission direction so that the light transmitted through the second deflection plane 13b becomes inward with respect to the light transmitted through the first deflection plane 13a.
  • the difference in peak angle between the outgoing light transmitted through the first deflection plane 13a and the outgoing light transmitted through the second deflection plane 13b is preferably within 10 degrees.
  • this illuminating device U (U1) is installed in the back of the illuminated area using the illuminating device U (U1) provided with these light extraction sections 15, the illuminated area on the near side is reduced. It is possible to obtain a luminaire that can illuminate efficiently, that is, a luminaire that can illuminate a hand efficiently while having low power consumption.
  • an illumination stand that is configured to be used by installing the illumination device U (U1) according to the present embodiment and installing and using the first main surface 11 that emits the surface of the illumination device substantially parallel to the surface to be illuminated. Even if this lighting device is installed in the back of the illuminated area and the first main surface is substantially parallel to the desk surface, the illuminated area on the near side of the user can be efficiently illuminated. That is, it is possible to obtain an illumination stand that can illuminate the hand efficiently while having low power consumption.
  • the illuminating device according to the present invention has the diffuser plate arranged outside the first main surface, the illuminance unevenness of the illumination light on the exit surface even if the light extraction means are discretely arranged. (Brightness unevenness) can be reduced, and a high-quality lighting device that is uniform and easy on the eyes can be realized. Further, since the light from the light emitting element (LED) is deflected by a predetermined angle through the light extraction means and irradiated as illumination light, the light is strong in a direction different from the direction of the main surface emitting the illumination light of the light guide plate. It has a light distribution characteristic capable of irradiating light. Therefore, by using the light guide plate, the lighting device is suitable for a lighting fixture and a lighting stand that can illuminate a hand efficiently while being thin and lightweight and having low power consumption.
  • LED light emitting element
  • a light guide plate 1H shown in FIG. 39 is suitable for the illumination device of this embodiment similar to that shown in FIG. 1, and is a transparent body having a refractive index of 1 or more, for example, PMMA or PC having a refractive index of about 1.5.
  • the length L is 50 mm
  • the width (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface) is 200 mm
  • the thickness is 3 mm.
  • the haze value is a value obtained by Td / Tt ⁇ 100 (%).
  • Td diffuse transmittance
  • Tt total light transmittance.
  • the incident surface 13 is provided with a V-groove-shaped light beam branching portion 16 having an apex angle ⁇ 3 of 160 °.
  • a V-groove shaped light beam branching portion 16 having an apex angle ⁇ 3 of 160 °.
  • the light beam branching portion 16 By providing the light beam branching portion 16, the light having the highest intensity in the light emitted from the LED 2 is refracted by the incident surface 13, and the light guide plate 1G is reflected between the upper and lower main surfaces. The light is guided, and light deviated from the total reflection angle can be generated via the V-groove-shaped light extraction portion 15 and emitted from the first main surface 11.
  • the incident surface 13 is a flat surface, the light emitted perpendicularly from the LED 2 goes straight through the light guide plate, resulting in a large loss.
  • V grooves convex or concave structures having a triangular cross section are formed as the light extraction portion 15.
  • the illuminance distribution on the emission surface can be made uniform.
  • the V groove has a first inclined surface V1A on the incident surface side and a second inclined surface V2A that forms a V groove together with the first inclined surface V1A, and an angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first inclined surface V1A and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 ( ⁇ 1A) is 60 °, and the angle ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 2A) formed by the second slope V2A and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 is 30 °.
  • the width (light guide direction size) Lv of the V-groove is smaller than the thickness t of the light guide plate 1G (Lv ⁇ t). If the width Lv is too large, the amount of light reflected from one slope of the V-groove and emitted outside the light guide plate becomes large, and the luminance unevenness of the illumination light becomes too large. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the thickness t of the light guide plate 1G is 3 mm, and the width Lv of the V groove is constant at 0.5 mm.
  • the arrangement pitch (light guide direction pitch) P of the V-groove is constant at 1.2 mm. Since the size and pitch of the V-groove are constant, the portion where light is not extracted by the light extraction portion 15 is 75 degrees, and the user does not feel dazzling.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first slope V1A and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 satisfies 50 ° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 75 °.
  • illumination light can be efficiently emitted in a direction inclined from the first main surface 11 via the first inclined surface V1A inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 larger than 45 °.
  • the angle ⁇ formed between the perpendicular of the first principal surface 11 and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is reflected by the first inclined surface V 1 A before reaching the opposing end surface 14. max can satisfy 15 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 35 °.
  • the first main surface 11 is the surface to be illuminated (for example, the desk surface).
  • the illuminated area can be illuminated brightly over a wide range. Further, since the high-intensity illumination light from the illumination device does not directly enter the eyes of the observer, the user can observe the illuminated object brightly without feeling dazzling.
  • the illumination device of the fifth embodiment provided with the light guide plate 1H is inclined in the direction of ⁇ max shown in the drawing, that is, the direction inclined from the perpendicular direction of the illumination device to the user side.
  • the maximum intensity light is emitted.
  • FIG. 40 shows a view of the configuration of FIG. 1 viewed in the direction cut by the XL-XL line.
  • the plurality of first slopes V1 in the V-groove of the light extraction portion 15 shine brightly, and other than that the stripe pattern appears dark. Is diffused and the stripe pattern becomes difficult to see.
  • the illuminating device According to the illuminating device according to the present embodiment, light guided through the light guide plate 1H is incident and deflected by a relatively large V groove having a maximum light guide direction size of 0.5 mm or more.
  • An illuminating device that reduces scattered light, etc., and reliably reflects the guided light so that it can be emitted while enhancing the directivity of the emitted light while ensuring high efficiency, thereby increasing the illuminance in the desired illumination direction Can provide.
  • required by simulation is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 42 shows the angle characteristics of the illumination light intensity of the illumination device using the light guide plate 1H.
  • the xz cross section shown in the figure corresponds to a plane parallel to the paper plane passing through the center of the illumination device shown in FIG. 42, that is, the upper and lower planes of the illumination space from the exit surface to the desk surface, and the yz cross section shown in the figure is This corresponds to a plane parallel to the width of the lighting device U (direction perpendicular to the paper surface).
  • the angular characteristic of the illumination light intensity shown in FIG. 42 is a calculation result by simulation, but by providing the light extraction portion 15 formed of a V-shaped groove of a predetermined shape on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1H, the illumination light of the xz cross section.
  • the intensity RA the illumination light distribution tilted from the perpendicular direction of the illumination device to the right side in the drawing, that is, toward the user side by a predetermined angle is shown.
  • the illumination light intensity RB of the yz section it can be seen that the illumination light distribution changes substantially uniformly in the yz section direction.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 20 °. That is, the light formed by the V-groove having an angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first inclined plane V1 and the perpendicular of the second principal surface 12 of 60 ° and an angle ⁇ v2 formed by the second inclined plane V2 and the perpendicular of the second principal surface 12 of 30 °.
  • the take-out portion 15 it is possible to realize an illuminating device that exhibits an illumination light distribution inclined by 20 ° toward the user side.
  • the surfaces other than the incident surface 13 and the first main surface 11 serving as the exit surface of the light guide plate 1G are adjacent to the respective surfaces, and a reflecting plate having diffusion characteristics and high reflectivity is disposed.
  • a reflecting plate having diffusion characteristics and high reflectivity is disposed as the reflecting plate.
  • a reflecting sheet having a diffuse reflecting property for example, a reflecting film such as Ref White manufactured by Kimoto Co., Ltd. or Lumirror manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. can be used.
  • a diffusion plate 5 is disposed below the light guide plate 1H via an air layer (for example, about 0.5 mm). By disposing the diffusion plate 5, it is possible to reduce illuminance unevenness and luminance unevenness on the exit surface of the illumination device. In particular, it is possible to realize a high-quality lighting device that suppresses the glare unique to the V-groove and is easy on the eyes.
  • the V-groove constituting the light extraction portion 15 is not provided within a predetermined distance from the incident surface 13.
  • the V groove is not provided in the non-arrangement region La (about 5 mm) shown in FIG. 39, and the V groove is provided only in the arrangement region Lb. That is, the arrangement region Lb becomes a light extraction means installation portion.
  • the LED 2 that is a point light source is discretely arranged, so that the incident light is reflected before mixing, and a bright line is generated in the vicinity of the incident surface of the illumination device, resulting in luminance.
  • the distribution is uneven. Therefore, the non-arrangement region La is provided so that the optical path is deflected after the incident lights overlap each other.
  • the lighting device according to the present embodiment can be suitably applied to lighting fixtures such as sink lamps and lighting stands.
  • An illumination stand that is an illumination fixture including an illumination device using the light guide plate 1G can be configured in the same manner as in FIG.
  • the illuminating device shows the illumination light distribution having the maximum intensity at the portion inclined by 20 ° toward the user side. Therefore, as shown by the angle ⁇ max in the drawing, the illuminating device has a user (observer 40 ) The maximum intensity illumination light is emitted in the direction inclined to the side. Further, the reflected light RF reflected from the desk surface 30 enters the eyes of the observer 40.
  • the illuminance in the vicinity immediately below the illumination device of the illumination stand ST1 is high.
  • the front side (+ side of the x axis) has an asymmetric illumination distribution with higher illuminance than the back side of the desk ( ⁇ side of the x axis).
  • the maximum intensity illumination light is directed to the viewer 40 side. Because it is tilted, it can illuminate the hand sufficiently brightly.
  • the illuminance distribution of the illuminance Ry on the y-axis is substantially symmetric with respect to the origin, but the illuminance distribution of the illuminance Rx on the x-axis is asymmetric and is a positive (+) region, that is, on the observer side. It can be seen that the region is illuminated brighter than the negative ( ⁇ ) region of x, that is, the back side of the illumination stand ST1.
  • the illumination device Accordingly, by using the illumination device according to the present embodiment, a highly efficient lighting apparatus that illuminates the illuminated area over a wide area and reduces unnecessary illumination light to an area that does not require illumination is realized. be able to.
  • the specularly reflected light on the observation surface of the maximum intensity light is reflected to the user (observer) side.
  • Brighter observation is possible.
  • the intensity centroid of the observation light often coincides with the regular reflection direction, so that it is effective even if the observation surface is a diffusion surface.
  • the illumination device of the sixth embodiment is different in that the light guide plate 1G of the illumination device of the fifth embodiment described above is replaced with a light guide plate 1H, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 43, only the light guide plate 1H is displayed as the main configuration of the illumination device.
  • the light guide plate 1I included in the illumination device of the sixth embodiment has an angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first slope V1A and the perpendicular of the second main surface 12 of 60 °, and the second slope V2A and the second slope.
  • a light extraction portion 15I made of a V-groove having an angle ⁇ 2 of 30 ° with the perpendicular of the main surface 12 is provided.
  • the shape of the V groove is the same throughout.
  • the V groove provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1I is asymmetric with respect to the normal of the second main surface 12, and the angle formed between the first inclined surface V1A and the second inclined surface V2A, ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 is 90 °.
  • the maximum distance between the V grooves P max 1.125 mm, and the arrangement pitch Pn of the V grooves gradually decreases as the distance from the incident surface 13 increases. The value is 1.5 mm, the incident surface angle is 160 degrees, and the haze value is 90%.
  • the arrangement pitch Pn of the V-groove is gradually decreased as the distance from the light source is increased, that is, by increasing the arrangement density, compared with the case where the V-groove pitch is constant, the emission surface of the lighting device
  • the luminance distribution can be made more uniform.
  • required by simulation is shown in FIG.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 20 °.
  • FIG. 46 is a view similar to FIG. 43 of the light guide plate 1I according to the modification.
  • the pitch of the V groove as the light extraction portion 15J is constant as in the sixth embodiment, but the V groove shape is similar and gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases.
  • the incident surface 13 is flat
  • ⁇ 5 ?
  • t ⁇ sin ⁇ 0.26 mm
  • the width of the V-groove gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases.
  • FIG. 47 is a view similar to FIG. 43 of a light guide plate 1K according to another modification.
  • the pitch of the V groove as the light extraction portion 15K gradually decreases as the distance from the light source increases, and the V groove shape gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases.
  • the distance between the slopes for removal is larger than the width of the adjacent V-groove, and the distance between the V-grooves gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases.
  • P max 0.8 mm
  • V-groove arrangement pitch Pn gradually decreases as the distance from the incident surface 13 increases.
  • the maximum value is 1.1 mm
  • the incident surface angle ( ⁇ 3) 160 degrees
  • the haze value is 90%.
  • the illumination device of the seventh embodiment is different in that the light guide plate 1 of the illumination device U of the first embodiment described above is replaced with a light guide plate 1L, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 48, only the light guide plate 1L is displayed as the main configuration of the illumination device.
  • the light guide plate 1L included in the illumination device of the seventh embodiment includes a bottom surface B parallel to the first main surface 11 between the first inclined surface V1A and the second inclined surface V2A.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the perpendicular line of the second principal surface 12 is 60 °
  • the angle ⁇ 2 formed by the second slope V2A and the perpendicular line of the second principal surface 12 is 30 °.
  • the incident surface 13 is a flat surface.
  • the trapezoidal groove (concave or convex structure) provided on the second main surface 12 of the light guide plate 1L is asymmetric with respect to the normal of the second main surface 12, and the angle formed between the first inclined surface V1A and the second inclined surface V2A.
  • ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 is an example of 90 °.
  • the thickness t of the light guide plate 1I is 3 mm
  • the trapezoidal groove width is constant
  • Lv is 0.5 mm.
  • the haze value is 85%.
  • the second main surface 12 parallel to the first main surface 11 is divided into a bottom surface B of the trapezoidal groove and a region A between adjacent trapezoidal grooves, whereby luminance unevenness on the first main surface 11 is reduced. It can be further reduced.
  • FIG. 49 shows the luminance of the first main surface obtained by simulation. As shown in FIG. 50, the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 30 °.
  • the illumination device U2 of the eighth embodiment is as shown in FIG. 51, and a description thereof is omitted using common reference numerals.
  • FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the light guide plate 1M according to the eighth embodiment together with the LEDs 2.
  • a V-groove as the light extraction portion 15M is provided on the first main surface 11 side.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first inclined surface (inclined surface) V1G of the V-groove is 30 degrees
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second inclined surface V2G is 60 degrees.
  • Other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.
  • the light emitted from the upper half of the LED 2 is refracted by the first deflection plane 13a toward the second main surface 12, and the light emitted from the lower half of the LED 2 is second.
  • the light After being refracted by the deflection plane 13b and directed toward the first main surface 11, the light is guided through the light guide plate 1M, and then incident on the first inclined surface V1G. Is emitted as illumination light.
  • the emission direction is in a state inclined by 50 degrees on the side opposite to the light source with respect to the first inclined surface V1G (inclined by 80 degrees with respect to the normal line of the first main surface 11).
  • FIG. 54 shows the luminance of the first main surface obtained by simulation.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed by the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light is about 22.5 °.
  • Table 1 summarizes the numerical values of the above-described embodiments and modifications.
  • a light guide plate having a first main surface that emits surface light, a second main surface that faces the first main surface, and a plurality of light emitting elements disposed on one side surface that serves as an incident surface of the light guide plate ,
  • a lighting unit for a lighting fixture that guides the light emitted from the light emitting element through the light guide plate and emits the light from the first main surface.
  • the lighting unit diffuses outside the first main surface.
  • a plate is disposed, and an optical path deflecting unit is provided on either the first main surface or the second main surface, and illumination light is irradiated through the optical path deflecting unit while deflecting a predetermined angle from the perpendicular direction of the first main surface.
  • the angle ⁇ max formed between the perpendicular line of the first main surface and the maximum intensity direction of the emitted light satisfies 10 ° ⁇ max ⁇ 40 °.
  • the diffusion plate is arranged outside the first main surface, even if the optical path deflecting means is discretely arranged, the illumination light illumination unevenness (luminance unevenness) on the exit surface is reduced. High-quality lighting units that are uniform and easy on the eyes can be realized.
  • the illumination light is irradiated by being deflected by a predetermined angle via the optical path deflecting means, an illumination unit capable of irradiating strong light in a direction different from the direction of the main surface emitting the illumination light of the light guide plate is obtained. be able to.
  • the illuminated region can be set even if the first principal surface is parallel (horizontal) to the illuminated surface (for example, the desk surface). Can be illuminated brightly over a wide area. Further, since the high-intensity illumination light from the illumination unit does not directly enter the eyes of the observer, the user can observe the illuminated object brightly without feeling dazzling.
  • the optical path deflecting unit when the optical path deflecting unit is provided on the second main surface, the optical path deflecting unit is provided on the second main surface opposite to the exit surface, so that the illuminance distribution can be made uniform. And the illuminance distribution at the exit surface position can be made more uniform.
  • the optical path deflecting unit includes a plurality of V grooves having a substantially triangular cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the incident surface.
  • the V groove includes the first inclined surface on the incident surface side and the first inclined surface.
  • the angle formed between the second inclined surface and the perpendicular of the second main surface is ⁇ 2
  • the angle formed between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface that is, ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 is 80 ° ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 ⁇
  • 110 ° is satisfied, light is incident from the incident surface and guided through the light guide plate, and the light reaching the end surface facing the incident surface is reflected by this end surface or a reflection surface provided outside, and reenters the light guide plate.
  • the emitted light can be efficiently emitted in a direction inclined from the first main surface through the second inclined surface.
  • the light emitting element is an LED
  • a suitable lighting unit can be realized.
  • the illumination unit configured as described above, when the optical path deflecting unit is arranged so that the density increases from the incident surface toward the end surface, the illuminance of the illumination light emitted from the first main surface serving as the exit surface is uniform. Therefore, it is possible to realize a lighting unit suitable for a high-quality lighting fixture with small luminance unevenness.
  • the V-groove light beam branching portion when a V-groove light beam branching portion having an apex angle ⁇ 3 satisfying 120 ° ⁇ 3 ⁇ 160 ° is provided on the incident surface, the V-groove light beam branching portion provides light emission.
  • the light from the element is branched toward the first main surface and the second main surface of the light guide plate, and is efficiently emitted from the first main surface via the optical path deflecting means before reaching the end surface.
  • a highly efficient lighting unit can be realized.
  • the illumination unit having the above configuration when the reflecting plate is arranged outside the second main surface, the light deflected by the optical path deflecting means and leaked out to the outside of the second main surface can be reflected and returned into the light guide plate again. Therefore, the intensity of the illumination light emitted from the first main surface can be increased, and a highly efficient illumination unit can be realized.
  • the lighting unit uses the lighting unit as a light source, by using a lighting unit that can emit strong light in a direction different from the direction of the main surface of the lighting unit, Even if it is installed in the direction, the illuminated area on the near side can be efficiently illuminated. That is, it is possible to obtain a lighting fixture that can illuminate the hand efficiently while having low power consumption.
  • the light guide plate includes a light source, a reflecting surface that is substantially parallel to each other, and an exit surface and an entrance surface, and guides light incident from the light source through the entrance surface while being reflected by the reflection surface or the exit surface.
  • the light is deflected so as to be incident on the reflection surface at an angle including a total reflection angle.
  • the light is deflected toward the emission surface and is then emitted. Incident at an angle including the total reflection angle with respect to the surface
  • the light is guided through the light guide plate while repeating reflection at an angle including total reflection between the reflection surface and the output surface, and the first deflection of the light guided through the light guide plate. Both the light transmitted or reflected by the surface and the light transmitted or reflected by the second deflecting surface enter the light extraction means and then exit in the same direction from the exit surface.
  • the light guide plate One problem with the light guide plate is that the light component near the center, the strongest of the light incident from the light source, travels straight after entering from one end face, reflects off the other end face, and returns to the one end face again. In other words, the light is attenuated while reciprocating the light guide along the longitudinal direction of the light guide plate, and the net emission efficiency from the emission surface is reduced.
  • the light emitted from the light source is divided into two by being incident on the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface, and then directed toward the reflection surface and the emission surface.
  • the number of times the light is reciprocated in the light guide plate is reduced, thereby prompting the light emitted from the light source to enter the light extraction means without being attenuated as much as possible.
  • Efficiency can be increased.
  • the illumination direction is brightened even when the light source with a small light emission amount is used. Can illuminate.
  • “the light transmitted or reflected by the first deflecting surface and the light transmitted or reflected by the second deflecting surface enter the light extraction unit and then exit from the exit surface in the same direction.
  • the incident surface also serves as a reflecting surface or an emitting surface.
  • the incident surface has two surfaces that are arranged to face the light source and are inclined in different directions, one of which is the first deflection surface, and the other surface is the first surface. Two deflection surfaces are preferred. According to this, since the light emitted from the light source is directly incident from the incident surface and divided by the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface inclined in different directions, there is little loss of light and between the end surfaces. The number of times the light is reciprocated is reduced, and the light extraction efficiency is increased.
  • the incident surface has two surfaces that are arranged to face the light source and are inclined in different directions, one of which is the first deflection surface, and the other surface is the first surface. It is preferably a two-deflection surface that reflects light from the light source incident from the reflection surface or the exit surface. By doing so, the light incident from the incident surface is reflected and divided by the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface inclined in different directions, so that there is little loss of light and the light between the end surfaces is reduced. Light extraction efficiency is increased by suppressing reciprocating light guide.
  • the light beam is directed to the polarization plane side due to refraction at the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface when entering the light guide plate, there is no conventional deflection surface with the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface.
  • the deflection surface can be made smaller.
  • the light guide plate can be made thin.
  • the incident surface is disposed to face the light source and has two surfaces inclined in directions facing each other so as to form a recess, and one of the surfaces is the first deflection surface.
  • the other surface is the second deflection surface, and at least one of the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface is a refracting surface.
  • the light incident from the light source can be divided using the refractive surface. Further, when the first deflecting surface and the second deflecting surface are inclined in a direction facing each other so that the incident surface becomes a concave portion, Fresnel reflection is reduced by ambient light of the light source and high extraction efficiency is obtained. Can be obtained.
  • the incident surface has two surfaces that are arranged to face the light source and are inclined in different directions, one of which is the first deflection surface, and the other surface is the first surface. It is preferable that at least one of the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface is a Fresnel lens surface.
  • the light incident from the light source can be divided using the Fresnel lens surface.
  • the light emitted from the emission surface is emitted at an angle inclined in a direction away from the light source with respect to the normal line of the emission surface.
  • the direction inclined from the normal direction can be illuminated.
  • the illumination device is used as stand illumination, the user's head can be prevented from obstructing illumination.
  • the light source is a linear light source arranged in parallel to the incident surface, and the linear light source has less illuminance unevenness than a point light source, thereby obtaining uniform illumination light. Is preferable.
  • the light sources are a plurality of point light sources and are arranged at predetermined intervals along the incident surface.
  • the point light source an LED or the like that can save power can be used. Therefore, it is possible to increase the illuminance by using a plurality of point light sources, and furthermore, by mixing the light emitted from the plurality of point light sources with the light guide plate, it is possible to emit illumination light with less illuminance unevenness.
  • the light extraction unit may include a plurality of inclined surfaces formed on the reflecting surface, and light reflected by the inclined surface may be incident on the exit surface at an angle smaller than a total reflection angle. preferable. Since the light that has been guided is reflected and deflected by a plurality of inclined surfaces formed on the reflecting surface, it is easy to control the incident angle of the light that is incident on the exit surface, and the light is reliably guided in a desired illumination direction. Can be emitted.
  • the light extraction means has a plurality of inclined surfaces formed on the emission surface, and light guided in the light guide plate is incident at an angle smaller than a total reflection angle with respect to the inclined surface. It is preferable to do.
  • the light is easy to control the incident angle of light incident on the emission surface, and the light can be reliably emitted in a desired illumination direction.
  • the Fresnel reflection on the inclined surface is reduced, and the light can be emitted with high efficiency in a direction greatly inclined from the normal direction of the emission surface.
  • the inclined surface is located on the inner side of the light guide plate with respect to the reflection surface or the emission surface on which the inclined surface is provided. Probability that light guided while being totally reflected in the light guide plate is captured and extracted by the light extraction means by providing the inclined surface in the concave portion formed on the reflection surface or the output surface of the light guide plate. Becomes higher and the light extraction efficiency can be increased.
  • the diffusing means By the diffusing means, the light incident on the inclined surface is mixed and unevenness in intensity of the emitted light is reduced, so that uniform illumination can be realized.
  • the diffusing means for example, it is conceivable that the inclined surface is roughened by transfer molding with a mold having a high surface roughness of the transfer surface to which the inclined surface is transferred.
  • the diffusivity of the inclined surface as the optical path deflecting means has a larger diffusivity in the LED arrangement direction.
  • An anisotropic diffusion surface may be used.
  • An anisotropic diffusion surface can be realized by combining a surface relief hologram (see paragraph [0011] of JP-A-2009-170430) or a blast surface having isotropic scattering with an anisotropic scattering structure for a hairline.
  • the light extraction means includes a plurality of spherical or aspherical convex dots formed on the reflective surface, and the light reflected by the convex dots has an angle smaller than the total reflection angle. It is preferable to be incident on.
  • the convex dots can be produced, for example, by inkjet, and can be manufactured at low cost. However, the convex dots may be planar.
  • the light transmitted or reflected by the first deflection surface or the second deflection surface is totally reflected by the reflection surface or the emission surface that is incident first. 2 except that light transmitted through or reflected by the first deflecting surface or the second deflecting surface is totally reflected by the first incident surface or the exit surface except for diffracted light generated at the edge of the light guide plate. Because it divides. Low loss and bright lighting.
  • the illumination device can provide an illumination device that emits light in a desired illumination direction and has high light extraction efficiency by having the light guide plate.
  • a reflection plate is provided adjacent to the reflection surface of the light guide plate. Although a small amount of light may leak from the reflecting surface, it is possible to provide an illumination device with higher light extraction efficiency by reflecting the light from the reflecting plate so as to be emitted from the emitting surface. .
  • a diffusion plate is provided adjacent to the emission surface of the light guide plate.
  • the other light guide plate includes a light source, a reflection surface and an emission surface that are substantially parallel to each other, and guides light from the light source while being reflected by the reflection surface or the emission surface and is emitted from the emission surface.
  • a plurality of light extraction means arranged in the light guide direction, wherein the concave or convex structure has an inclined surface and a connecting surface respectively in contact with the reflection surface or the emission surface, and the light from the light source is , After entering the light guide plate, entering the reflection surface or the exit surface at an angle including a total reflection angle, entering the concave or convex structure, and then exiting from the exit surface,
  • One light guide direction of the concave or convex structure is the maximum Is is at 0.5mm or more, the concave or the maximum value of the light guiding direction spacing between the convex structure is greater than the concave or the maximum value of the light guiding direction size of the convex structure.
  • the maximum light guide direction size of at least one of the concave or convex structures is 0.5 mm or more, and the maximum value of the light guide direction interval between the concave or convex structures is the maximum light guide direction size of the concave or convex structures. Because it is larger than the value, the light guided through the light guide plate by the concave or convex structure is incident and deflected, thereby reducing scattered light due to diffraction and the like and reliably reflecting the light guided light. Thus, it is possible to emit light while enhancing the directivity of the emitted light while ensuring high efficiency, and thus it is possible to provide an illumination device that increases the illuminance in a desired illumination direction.
  • the maximum size in the light guide direction of the concave or convex structure is preferably smaller than 2.0 mm.
  • the maximum interval of the inclined surfaces that is, the sum of the connecting surface and the planar portion that is a light extraction means in the light guide direction between the concave or convex structures is emitted from the inclined surfaces by P max (mm).
  • P max the full width at half maximum of the diffusion angle of the emitted light
  • t the distance between the inclined surface and the diffusion plate adjacent to the exit surface
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove is smaller than tsin ⁇ , the entire emission surface emits light.
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove is tsin ⁇ or more, the user may not feel uncomfortable.
  • the maximum distance P max in the light guide direction of the V-groove described in this case is larger than tsin ⁇ , the light beams emitted from the first inclined surfaces V1A do not intersect before being emitted from the emission surface. BK appears.
  • the low brightness region BK appears as a striped stripe pattern.
  • the diffusing means By the diffusing means, the light incident on the inclined surface is mixed and unevenness in intensity of the emitted light is reduced, so that uniform illumination can be realized.
  • the diffusing means for example, the inclined surface is roughened by transfer molding with a mold having a high surface roughness on the inclined surface, or a point light source such as an LED is used.
  • the diffusivity of the inclined surface as the light extraction means may be an anisotropic diffusion surface having a larger diffusivity in the LED arrangement direction.
  • An anisotropic diffusion surface can be realized by combining a surface relief hologram (see paragraph [0011] of JP-A-2009-170430) or a blast surface having isotropic scattering with an anisotropic scattering structure for a hairline.
  • the diffusivity in the light guide direction given by the diffusing means is preferably 3 to 10 degrees in full width at half maximum. Luminance unevenness on the exit surface can be suppressed without greatly reducing the directivity of the light exiting from the exit surface.
  • the light guide direction size of the concave or convex structure and the light guide direction pitch are constant.
  • an interval in the light guide direction between adjacent concave or convex structures is preferably reduced as the distance from the light source increases. Since the distance between the adjacent concave or convex structures in the light guide direction gradually decreases as the distance from the light source increases, the light extraction means cannot be deflected and reaches the end surface opposite to the incident surface of the light guide plate. The light to be emitted can be emitted by diffraction between the edge of the light guide plate and the light extraction means, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. Furthermore, luminance unevenness on the exit surface can be reduced.
  • the light extraction means since the light extraction means has only a concave structure, there is a high probability that reflected light including total reflection on the reflection surface or the emission surface is guided to the light extraction means. And high light extraction efficiency can be secured. Further, since the space between the light extraction means can be increased, it becomes easy to totally reflect.
  • an end surface intersecting the reflection surface and the emission surface is an incident surface on which light from the light source is incident, and the incident surface includes a first deflection surface and a second deflection surface, Light from the light source passes through the first deflection surface, is then deflected toward the reflection surface, and is incident on the reflection surface at an angle including a total reflection angle, while the second deflection surface. After being transmitted, the light is deflected toward the exit surface, is incident on the exit surface at an angle including a total reflection angle, and is then reflected or transmitted by the light extraction means and exits from the exit surface. Is preferred.
  • the two light beams divided by the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface constituting the entrance surface are totally reflected by the reflection surface and the exit surface and guided to the light extraction unit.
  • the number of times the light is reciprocated and guided in the light guide plate is reduced, thereby prompting the light emitted from the light source to enter the light extraction means without being attenuated as much as possible, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency. .
  • the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface are preferably surfaces inclined in different directions. Light directly incident from the light source facing the incident surface is divided by the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface inclined in different directions, so that there is little light loss and light is reciprocated between end surfaces. The number of times of light decreases and the light extraction efficiency increases.
  • the lighting device is capable of high-efficiency light distribution control, and has small luminance unevenness (glare) when observed from the user's line of sight, and provides a lighting device that can illuminate an oblique direction. it can.
  • the illumination device preferably includes a plurality of point light sources arranged at predetermined intervals along an end surface intersecting the reflection surface and the emission surface.
  • an LED or the like that can save power can be used as the point light source, but the illuminance may be low if it is single. Therefore, it is possible to increase the illuminance by using a plurality of point light sources, and furthermore, by mixing the light emitted from the plurality of point light sources with the light guide plate, it is possible to emit illumination light with less illuminance unevenness. Further, the lighting device can be thinned by arranging the plurality of light sources along an end surface intersecting the reflection surface and the emission surface.
  • a reflection plate is provided adjacent to the reflection surface of the light guide plate. Although a small amount of light may leak from the reflecting surface, it is possible to provide an illumination device with higher light extraction efficiency by reflecting the light from the reflecting plate so as to be emitted from the emitting surface. .
  • a diffusion plate is provided adjacent to the emission surface of the light guide plate.
  • the illumination stand has the illumination device described above, it can illuminate a direction greatly inclined from the normal direction of the exit surface, so that the user's head can be illuminated and can be illuminated brightly to the hand, Since it is recognized as surface emission at 75 degrees or more in the normal direction of the emission surface, which the user tends to observe the light emission surface, glare is suppressed even if the emission surface is directly observed.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'éclairage, lequel dispositif est apte à émettre une lumière intense dans une direction différente de la direction dans laquelle la surface principale d'une plaque de guidage de lumière pour émettre une lumière d'éclairage est dirigée et sur un montant d'éclairage ayant le dispositif d'éclairage, lequel est apte à éclairer efficacement son environnement même avec une faible consommation d'énergie. Un dispositif d'éclairage (U) pour un équipement d'éclairage guide une lumière émise à partir d'un élément émetteur de lumière (2) à travers une plaque de guidage de lumière (1) et émet la lumière à partir d'une première surface principale (11). Une section de prise de lumière (15) est disposée soit sur la première surface principale (11) soit sur une seconde surface principale (12), et la lumière d'éclairage émise est déviée par la section de prise de lumière (15) d'un angle prescrit par rapport à la direction verticale de la première surface principale. L'équipement d'éclairage et un montant d'éclairage (ST1) utilisent le dispositif d'éclairage (U).
PCT/JP2012/072749 2011-09-09 2012-09-06 Dispositif d'éclairage et montant d'éclairage WO2013035788A1 (fr)

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EP2957827A1 (fr) * 2014-06-18 2015-12-23 Hella KGaA Hueck & Co. Élément optique, notamment pour un lampadaire, et lampadaire équipé d'un élément optique
JP2017147119A (ja) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 照明器具
WO2018049395A1 (fr) * 2016-09-12 2018-03-15 Lumileds Llc Luminaire ayant un motif de distribution de lumière asymétrique
US10025022B2 (en) 2015-10-22 2018-07-17 Panasoinc Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Multicolor display device
WO2018193755A1 (fr) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 ミネベアミツミ株式会社 Dispositif d'éclairage planaire
JP2018181822A (ja) * 2017-04-21 2018-11-15 ミネベアミツミ株式会社 面状照明装置
JP2019532470A (ja) * 2016-09-12 2019-11-07 ルミレッズ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー 非対称光分布を有する照明器具
KR20200106490A (ko) * 2018-01-10 2020-09-14 발뮤다 가부시키가이샤 조명 기기
KR102229099B1 (ko) * 2020-07-24 2021-03-18 주식회사 이노루체 조명기기
JPWO2019208752A1 (ja) * 2018-04-27 2021-06-10 シーシーエス株式会社 光照射装置
EP3969810A4 (fr) * 2019-05-16 2023-01-18 Hubbell Lighting, Inc. Luminaire à éclairage latéral
WO2024002838A1 (fr) * 2022-06-29 2024-01-04 Signify Holding B.V. Conception de plaque de guidage de lumière pour éclairage asymétrique
WO2024034111A1 (fr) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif source de lumière plane et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014208291A1 (fr) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Appareil d'éclairage
EP2957827A1 (fr) * 2014-06-18 2015-12-23 Hella KGaA Hueck & Co. Élément optique, notamment pour un lampadaire, et lampadaire équipé d'un élément optique
US10025022B2 (en) 2015-10-22 2018-07-17 Panasoinc Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Multicolor display device
JP2017147119A (ja) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 照明器具
JP2019532470A (ja) * 2016-09-12 2019-11-07 ルミレッズ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー 非対称光分布を有する照明器具
US10809447B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2020-10-20 Lumileds Llc Luminaire having an asymmetrical light distribution pattern
US10345509B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2019-07-09 Lumileds Llc Luminaire having an asymmetrical light distribution pattern
WO2018049395A1 (fr) * 2016-09-12 2018-03-15 Lumileds Llc Luminaire ayant un motif de distribution de lumière asymétrique
JP2018181822A (ja) * 2017-04-21 2018-11-15 ミネベアミツミ株式会社 面状照明装置
WO2018193755A1 (fr) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 ミネベアミツミ株式会社 Dispositif d'éclairage planaire
KR102469791B1 (ko) 2018-01-10 2022-11-22 발뮤다 가부시키가이샤 조명 기기
KR20200106490A (ko) * 2018-01-10 2020-09-14 발뮤다 가부시키가이샤 조명 기기
JPWO2019208752A1 (ja) * 2018-04-27 2021-06-10 シーシーエス株式会社 光照射装置
JP7157799B2 (ja) 2018-04-27 2022-10-20 シーシーエス株式会社 光照射装置
EP3969810A4 (fr) * 2019-05-16 2023-01-18 Hubbell Lighting, Inc. Luminaire à éclairage latéral
KR102229099B1 (ko) * 2020-07-24 2021-03-18 주식회사 이노루체 조명기기
WO2024002838A1 (fr) * 2022-06-29 2024-01-04 Signify Holding B.V. Conception de plaque de guidage de lumière pour éclairage asymétrique
WO2024034111A1 (fr) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif source de lumière plane et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides

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