WO2013005574A1 - Icタグ付き軸受装置 - Google Patents
Icタグ付き軸受装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013005574A1 WO2013005574A1 PCT/JP2012/065860 JP2012065860W WO2013005574A1 WO 2013005574 A1 WO2013005574 A1 WO 2013005574A1 JP 2012065860 W JP2012065860 W JP 2012065860W WO 2013005574 A1 WO2013005574 A1 WO 2013005574A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tag
- reader
- side antenna
- hole
- writer
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
- F16C41/008—Identification means, e.g. markings, RFID-tags; Data transfer means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
- F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07771—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card the record carrier comprising means for minimising adverse effects on the data communication capability of the record carrier, e.g. minimising Eddy currents induced in a proximate metal or otherwise electromagnetically interfering object
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
- H04B5/48—Transceivers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
- F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
- F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
- F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
- F16C19/548—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
- F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bearing device with an IC tag to which an IC tag capable of communicating information by non-contact communication is attached.
- IC tags using RFID Radio Frequency Identification
- RFID Radio Frequency Identification
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a technique in which an IC tag is attached to a component of a rolling bearing used in a wheel bearing device or the like.
- the IC tag can store various types of identification information such as the type of the part, the manufacturing time, the manufacturing lot, and the manufacturing history.
- the identification information of the part is immediately obtained. I can grasp it. Therefore, for example, at the time of maintenance or failure, the time stamped on the parts can be confirmed and the trouble of checking the identification information of the parts with a computer or book provided by the manufacturer can be avoided.
- materials with high electrical conductivity for example, metal materials
- materials with high magnetic permeability for example, materials made of iron, nickel, cobalt, various compounds, sendust, carbonyl iron, ferrite (magnetic material), etc.
- the IC tag when attaching an IC tag to a mechanical part made of a metal body, for example, the IC tag may be attached and fixed so that the entire antenna protrudes from the surface of the metal body, or a seal member, a sensor case, etc. Embedded in the attached resin member (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- countersink holes 121 are provided as shown in FIG. 9 in order to embed and fix the IC tag in the metal body.
- the inside diameter of the counterbore hole 121 gradually increases from the bottom 121a side of the hole toward the opening 121b side to the surface of the metal body M. For this reason, the magnetic flux transmitted from the antenna of the IC tag 101 easily passes through the metal body M at a relatively short distance as shown by the arrow in the figure and reaches the antenna (not shown) of the external reader / writer device.
- Patent Document 3 for example, refer to Patent Document 3).
- the magnetic flux transmitted from the antenna of the IC tag 101 cannot completely avoid the metal body M.
- the magnetic flux extending from the antenna is transmitted from the antenna in a direction parallel to the surface of the metal body M (left and right direction in the figure), and then draws a curve to form an external reader / writer device. It is because it goes to the side (upper part in a figure). In this way, since a part of the magnetic flux hits the metal body M, a decrease in sensitivity between the IC tag 101 and the reader / writer device is inevitable.
- a means for further increasing the inner diameter of the counterbore 121 can be considered.
- increasing the inner diameter of the counterbore hole 121 destabilizes the fixed state of the IC tag 20. Further, it is not preferable to increase the space around the IC tag 101 because the IC tag 101 is easily damaged.
- a conventional general RFID system has a configuration as shown in FIG. 10, for example.
- an antenna connected to the reader / writer of the reader / writer device 110 ( Hereinafter, the “reader / writer side antenna” 114) is made large to some extent.
- a 13.56 MHz magnetic field necessary for reading is emitted from a reader / writer side antenna 114 having this structure over a wide range in free space.
- the antenna of the IC tag 101 (hereinafter referred to as “tag antenna”) 104 receives the magnetic field from the reader / writer side antenna 114 to obtain driving power for the IC chip 103, Perform the necessary processing and return the resulting data by modulating the received magnetic field.
- tag antenna the antenna of the IC tag 101
- a circuit 113 that properly tunes the antenna circuit of the reader / writer device 110 and the antenna circuit of the IC tag 101 to the operating frequency of 13.56 MHz and matches them at the same time is incorporated.
- a nearby metal body forms a short circuit with respect to the reader / writer side antenna 114 and the tag side antenna 104, and acts to reduce the magnetic field of the reader / writer side antenna 114, thereby transmitting energy to the IC tag 101.
- Decreases and sensitivity decreases. That is, an eddy current is generated when the magnetic flux loop emitted from the reader / writer side antenna 114 crosses the metal body, and this is consumed as heat in the short circuit of the metal body. As a result, the energy transmitted to the RFID tag is reduced.
- the response from the RFID tag to the reader / writer side antenna 114 similarly reduces energy, so that the communication distance is shortened or communication cannot be performed at all.
- the inductance of the coil constituting the LC resonance circuit is substantially reduced and the resonance frequency is increased.
- the magnetic flux passing through the coil increases in proportion to the magnetic permeability, so that the substantial inductance increases and the resonance frequency decreases.
- the Q (quality factor) at the resonance frequency is set to be reasonably large, so that when the frequencies match, the transmission efficiency is high. If the frequency is shifted, the efficiency becomes extremely low, and the sensitivity of the IC tag 101 is lowered.
- a bearing device with an IC tag in which a non-contact communication type IC tag is attached to a metal body included in a rolling bearing information can be reliably communicated between the IC tag and an external reader / writer.
- the challenge is to make it.
- the present invention provides a bearing device with an IC tag in which a non-contact communication type IC tag is attached to a metal body provided in a rolling bearing having a rolling element interposed between an outer ring and an inner ring.
- the IC tag can exchange information from the outside by forming a magnetic closed circuit between the tag-side antenna included in the IC tag and the reader-writer side antenna included in the external reader / writer device.
- the tag is accommodated in a hole opened on the surface of the metal body, and the tag side antenna has at least a plurality of projecting portions, each projecting portion facing the opening side of the hole, and from each projecting portion.
- a configuration in which the magnetic closed circuit that enables communication of information between the IC tag and the reader / writer device can be formed when the extending magnetic flux passes through the inside of the opening edge of the hole and reaches the outside of the hole.
- This reader / writer device includes a reader / writer side antenna capable of transmitting / receiving information to / from the tag side antenna of the IC tag. That is, a magnetic closed circuit can be formed between the magnetic flux extending from the protruding portion of the tag side antenna and the reader / writer side antenna through the inner side of the opening edge of the hole provided in the metal body.
- the reader / writer device and the reader / writer side antenna can adopt various configurations as long as information can be communicated through the magnetic closed circuit. For example, as a configuration of the reader / writer side antenna, similar to the tag side antenna, at least a plurality of projecting portions may be provided, and each projecting portion may be opposed to each projecting portion of the tag side antenna.
- said structure employ
- the at least a plurality of protrusions are provided on a core made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, the plurality of protrusions are connected by a base, and the IC tag is a conductor connected to the base or the protrusion.
- the tag-side antenna is configured by winding a wire composed of the above, and a configuration in which an IC chip is connected to both ends of the wire can be employed.
- segmented the toroidal core into plurality along the circumferential direction as the core can be employ
- the at least a plurality of protrusions are provided on a core made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, the plurality of protrusions are connected by a base, and one protrusion is surrounded by another protrusion.
- the IC tag adopts a configuration in which a wire rod made of a conductor is wound around the one projecting portion to form the tag-side antenna, and an IC chip is connected to both ends of the wire rod. Can do.
- transformers and coils are widely known as highly efficient transmission means for electric power and signals.
- the magnetic flux In order to efficiently guide the magnetic flux generated by the primary side coil to the secondary side coil, the magnetic flux easily passes, that is, the magnetic flux is confined by using a silicon steel plate or a ferrite core that has a larger permeability than air. It is a mechanism to communicate.
- the present invention applies these mechanisms and uses two coils for the reader / writer side antenna and the tag side antenna. That is, the two coils (wires made of conductors) are respectively connected to a magnetic closed circuit.
- a tag system having a structure wound around a core made of a material having a high magnetic permeability is configured.
- the magnetic flux generated from the reader / writer side antenna has a higher magnetic flux density and a larger coupling coefficient than the antenna used in normal air by using a material with high permeability as the core material, that is, a ferromagnetic material. Become. Further, most of the magnetic flux is confined inside the core of the magnetic body having a larger magnetic permeability than air, so that the leakage magnetic flux to the outside is reduced. This has the effect of almost completely eliminating the adverse effect of the leakage magnetic flux, which has already been explained, and is the reason why the performance of the IC tag is lowered when there is a metal body (such as the conductive material or the magnetic body) in the vicinity.
- a metal body such as the conductive material or the magnetic body
- the tag side antenna Even if the reader / writer side antenna (core wound with a wire made of a conductor) and the tag side antenna (core wound with a wire made of a conductor) are made to face each other, of course, they may be in contact with each other. Even if there is a slight gap, the coupling coefficient is lowered and the resonance frequency is also shifted, but sufficient operation is possible. Note that when a coil is wound around a pair of cores made of a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability, the inductance of the coil increases. The increase rate is the highest when the core of the RFID tag and the core of the antenna are in close contact with each other. Larger and smaller as the gap between them increases. This coefficient is called an inductance coefficient (AL).
- AL inductance coefficient
- the inductance of the coil changes depending on the size of the gap between the two cores, it is desirable to adjust the number of turns of the coil so that the optimum inductance can be obtained at the position where the communication distance is maximized. Even in this state, the magnetic flux emitted from one end of the core is sucked into the end face of the material (the end face of the protruding portion) having a higher magnetic permeability than air, and the leakage magnetic flux is sufficiently small, affecting the influence of surrounding metal bodies. The RFID system will not receive.
- induction power generated in the coil of the RFID tag by electromagnetic induction from a magnetic field radiated from a reader antenna is used as a power source. It is said.
- the generated voltage is determined by the number of turns n of the coil and the sectional area S of the coil. Since the minimum terminal voltage required for operation is determined from the characteristics of the IC chip to be used, if the tag is made smaller, the sectional area S of the coil becomes smaller and the voltage becomes insufficient.
- the voltage V generated at both ends of the coil is expressed by the following equation.
- the tag-side antenna and the reader-side antenna employ a magnetic closed circuit using a material having a high magnetic permeability. Can obtain an operable voltage. Similarly, a response signal from the tag side can be efficiently transmitted even with a small antenna size. Based on the above principle, it was possible to realize a small RFID tag that was impossible until now.
- the core for example, a powder obtained by sintering or molding a magnetic powder can be used.
- the magnetic powder is sintered or molded into a ring shape. It is good also as a C-shaped core by the side view which has two protrusion parts connected with the base by dividing
- the toroidal core having an annular shape for example, a square core is used, and the core is divided into a plurality of parts so as to have a U-shaped core having two protrusions connected at the base. Good.
- the core manufacturing method is not limited to the above-described dividing method, and the magnetic powder may be sintered or molded so as to have a shape having at least a plurality of protrusions connected at the base.
- the magnetic powder may be sintered or molded so as to have a shape having at least a plurality of protrusions connected at the base.
- it may be a U-shaped core or a C-shaped core having two protrusions connected at the base, or an E-shaped core having three protrusions connected at the base. It is good.
- it has a plurality of projecting portions connected in the base and projecting in the same direction, and one projecting portion is formed so as to be surrounded by another projecting portion having an arc shape or an annular shape, and other shapes.
- a core can also be adopted.
- the magnetic powder for example, a magnetic material such as ferrite, carbonyl iron, iron, nickel, cobalt, or a compound thereof is used, and these are sintered or molded.
- the core can be made of a material with high magnetic permeability, such as silicon steel plate, permalloy material, super permalloy material, etc. It is also possible to use materials.
- the magnetic permeability of the core is preferably 1 to 2000, but in practice, there is no problem if it is 2 to 100.
- the configuration of the core and wire of the reader / writer side antenna can be the same as the configuration of the tag side antenna, but can be optimized by changing the shape and material of both.
- an RFID system that operates reliably by setting the distance between the antenna of the IC tag and the antenna of the reader / writer to 0 to 5 mm, the outer shape of the core to 2 to 6 mm, and the wall thickness to 1 to 4 mm. could be realized.
- a configuration in which the tag-side antenna and the IC chip of the IC tag are accommodated in a casing can be employed.
- the tag-side antenna and the IC chip are configured to be accommodated in a cylindrical casing, and the end surface of each protruding portion faces one opening side in the cylindrical axis direction of the casing. can do.
- the structure which the said tag side antenna and the said IC chip are accommodated in the recessed part provided in the casing, and the end surface of each said protrusion part faces the opening side of the said recessed part is employable.
- the casing may be made of metal or resin. However, when a casing with a closed side facing the protruding portion of the tag-side antenna is used, at least the material on the closed side is sensitive. It is desirable that it is made of a material that does not lower the temperature, for example, resin.
- positioned the filler in the space between the said tag side antenna and the said IC chip, and the inner surface of the said casing can be employ
- the IC tag can employ a configuration in which the IC tag is fixed in the hole with an adhesive.
- the structure with which the casing is being fixed with the adhesive agent in the said hole is employable.
- the casing may be directly fixed to the inner surface of the hole by an adhesive, or the filler solidified integrally with the casing is fixed to the inner surface of the hole by the adhesive, so that the casing is indirectly attached to the inner surface of the hole. It may be fixed.
- the adhesive strength to the inner surface of the hole of the IC tag or casing can be further increased.
- a male screw portion is provided on the outer periphery of the casing, and the casing is screwed and fixed into the hole by the male screw portion. If the casing is fixed by screwing into the hole of the metal body, the IC tag can be easily attached to the metal body. Further, by increasing or decreasing the screwing amount of the casing (screwing amount in the depth direction of the hole), the position (depth) of the tag side antenna of the IC tag can be adjusted with respect to the surface of the metal body. For this reason, the sensitivity adjustment of a tag becomes easy.
- the casing is configured to completely enter the hole provided in the metal body. If the casing completely enters the hole, it is possible to more reliably prevent damage caused by foreign matter hitting the casing.
- the casing has, for example, a head that is thicker than a portion where the male screw portion is formed (hereinafter referred to as “screw forming portion”), and the screw forming portion is located on the bottom side of the hole. It can be set as the structure screwed so that a part may be located in the opening side of a hole.
- the hole formed in the metal body is preferably a countersink hole.
- a storage space for the IC tag for example, a recess is formed in the head, and the tag-side antenna and the IC chip of the IC tag can be stored in the recess in the head. Or the hole which penetrates the screw formation part and head in the screwing direction is formed, and the tag side antenna and IC chip of the IC tag can be accommodated in the hole.
- a so-called imo screw type casing having a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape without the head may be used.
- a recess is formed on the end surface of the casing (the end surface facing the surface of the metal body), and the tag-side antenna or IC chip of the IC tag is formed in the recess. Can be stored. Or the hole which penetrates the said screwing direction full length can be formed in the casing, and the tag side antenna and IC chip of an IC tag can be accommodated in the hole.
- an adhesive can be disposed between the male screw portion and the inner surface of the hole, and the anti-loosening effect can be exhibited by the adhesive.
- the present invention employs a method in which the magnetic flux for transmitting and receiving information is not passed through the metal body, the magnetic flux connecting the reader / writer side antenna provided in the reader / writer device and the tag side antenna provided in the IC tag is It is possible to take a shape that is confined in both antennas and does not leak around. For this reason, the magnetic closed circuit can be prevented from being influenced by the surrounding metal body, and the communication of information between the IC tag provided in the metal body of the rolling bearing and the external reader / writer device can be ensured. .
- the magnetic flux emitted from one protruding portion of the tag side antenna of the IC tag is almost absorbed by one protruding portion of the reader / writer side antenna of the opposing reader / writer device, and from the other protruding portion of the reader / writer side antenna.
- the emitted magnetic flux is almost absorbed by the other protrusions of the tag-side antenna facing each other. For this reason, even if the IC tag is embedded in the metal body, it is difficult to be influenced by the surrounding metal body, and it is possible to reliably communicate with the reader / writer device.
- the reader / writer device's antenna module and the IC tag module consisting of the tag-side antenna, IC chip, etc., select a highly heat-resistant, chemical-resistant, and highly water-resistant material, thereby providing a highly durable RFID system. realizable.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are partial cross-sectional views showing a state in which the IC tag and the reader / writer device are brought close to each other, and FIG. 2B is a bottom view of the metal body side in which the IC tag is embedded. 2 shows a further modification of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partial sectional view showing a state in which an IC tag and a reader / writer device are brought close to each other, and (b) shows a state in which the IC tag and the reader / writer device are brought closer to each other.
- a perspective view, (c) is a bottom view of an IC tag
- (A) (b) (c) is sectional drawing which respectively shows the installation structure to the metal body of an IC tag The details of the casing are shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a sectional view, and (d) is a perspective view.
- the schematic diagram which shows the state which made the IC tag and the reader / writer apparatus approach
- Cross section of conventional example Explanatory drawing which shows the state which made the IC tag and reader / writer apparatus of a prior art example approach
- an IC tag in which a non-contact communication type IC tag 20 is attached to a metal body M provided in a rolling bearing 10 having a rolling element 3 interposed between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2. It is a bearing device with.
- double-row tapered roller bearings are employed, but other types of rolling bearings such as cylindrical roller bearings and ball bearings may be employed.
- a reader / writer device 40 (external) different from the bearing device with the IC tag is used (see FIGS. 2 to 4). ).
- the IC tag 20 is accommodated in a hole 11 that opens to the axial end surfaces of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 that are metal bodies M.
- the part to which the IC tag 20 is attached may be a metal body M of a part other than the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2.
- the inner ring 2 is pressed toward the right side in the drawing by the pressing member 5 located on the left side in the drawing, so that a preload is applied to the bearing. Therefore, when reading the information stored in the IC tag 20 attached to the inner ring 2, for example, after the IC tag 20 is exposed by removing the pressing member 5, the reader / writer device 40 is attached to the IC tag 20. Will be approached. Further, when reading information stored in the IC tag 20 attached to the outer ring 1, similarly, after disassembling the rolling bearing 10 and its peripheral members to such an extent that the reader / writer device 40 can be approached to the IC 20. Will do. Of course, when the reader / writer device 40 can be approached to the IC tag 20 without disassembling the parts, the disassembling is unnecessary.
- a tag-side antenna 24 is configured by winding a wire 21 made of a conductor around a core 22 made of a material having a high magnetic permeability.
- the material having high magnetic permeability is a ferromagnetic material, and examples thereof include materials made of iron, nickel, cobalt, various compounds, sendust, carbonyl iron, ferrite, and the like.
- the core 22 has a pair of arc-shaped projecting portions 22a and 22c projecting in the same direction, and the projecting portions 22a and 22c are connected to each other by an arc-shaped base portion 22b.
- the core 22 employs an annular toroidal core divided into two along the circumferential direction.
- the toroidal core is obtained by sintering a magnetic powder in a ring shape.
- the magnetic powder various magnetic materials such as carbonyl iron and ferrite can be used.
- the magnetic body may be sintered in a C shape in a side view without such division.
- the end surfaces 22d of the pair of projecting portions 22a and 22c are each formed as a flat surface.
- the end surfaces 22d of the protrusions 22a and 22c be flat surfaces in this way.
- the flat surfaces are preferably in the same plane, but are not necessarily limited to the configuration in the same plane. As long as the sensitivity of the tag is allowed, the positional relationship between the flat surfaces (the protruding direction) And the positional relationship in the direction of connecting the protrusions 22a and 22c) and the direction can be freely set.
- the IC chip 23 is connected to both ends of the wire 21 wound around the core 22.
- the IC chip 23 receives the magnetic field from the reader / writer side antenna 44, which will be described later, by the tag side antenna 24, thereby obtaining the driving power and performing necessary processing, and modulating the received magnetic field with the resultant data. It has the function to return by.
- the pair of projecting portions 22 a and 22 c of the tag side antenna 24 faces the opening side of the hole 11 in the hole 11 of the metal body M. That is, the end surfaces of the pair of projecting portions 22 a and 22 c face the opening side of the hole 11.
- the reader / writer device 40 forms a reader / writer side antenna 44 by winding a wire 41 made of a conductor around a core 42 made of a material having a high magnetic permeability.
- the material is the same as that of the core 22 of the tag side antenna 24.
- the shape of the core 42 of the reader / writer side antenna 44 is the same as that of the core 22 of the tag side antenna 24. As shown in FIG. 2, the reader / writer side antenna 44 has arcuate pairs of projecting portions 42a and 42c projecting in the same direction.
- the protrusions 42a and 42c are connected by an arcuate base 42b to form a C-shape as viewed from the side. That is, the protrusions 42a and 42c of the reader / writer side antenna 44 are both end portions of the core 42 having a C shape in a side view.
- the core 42 employs a toroidal core having a ring shape divided into two along the circumferential direction.
- both ends of the wire 41 wound around the core 42 are connected to a matching circuit 45 of a reader / writer 43 provided in the reader / writer device 40.
- the antenna terminal of the reader / writer is designed with an impedance of 50 ⁇ .
- the tag side antenna 24 When transmitting / receiving information between the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer device 40, the tag side antenna 24 is turned on as shown in FIG.
- the projecting portions 22a and 22c of the reader / writer side antenna 44 are made to face each other so that the positions of the projecting portions 42a and 42c coincide with each other.
- the toroidal core before the division in which the cores 22 and 42 are formed is an annular material and has a high magnetic permeability.
- a wire made of a conductor is wound around the core to form a coil, most of the magnetic flux generated from the conductive coil stays in the core, and almost no magnetic flux leaks out of the core. Due to this action, even if the IC tag 20 is embedded in the metal body M, the magnetic flux is hardly affected by the surrounding metal body M.
- the tag-side antenna 24 and the reader / writer-side antenna 44 having the same structure face each other, the two antennas 24 and 44 form an annular shape having the same shape as that of the toroidal core, thereby enabling reliable communication.
- the magnetic flux emitted from the protruding portion 22a of the tag side antenna 24 of the IC tag 20 is almost absorbed by the protruding portion 42a of the reader / writer side antenna 44 of the opposing reader / writer device 40, and the reader / writer.
- the magnetic flux emitted from the other projecting portion 42c of the side antenna 44 is almost absorbed by the other projecting portion 22c of the opposing tag side antenna 24.
- the tag side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 of the IC tag 20 are accommodated in the casing 30. Further, the end surfaces 22d of the projecting portions 22a and 22c are configured to face one opening side of the casing 30 in the cylinder axis direction.
- the tag side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 of the IC tag 20 are accommodated in the casing 30, even if an external force acts on the metal body M, the external force is applied to the tag side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23. It can suppress joining. Further, the casing 30 can prevent the tag-side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 from being damaged by being hit by foreign matter.
- the filler a is disposed in the space between the tag side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 and the inner surface 35 of the casing 30. If the filler a is used, the tag-side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 are firmly fixed to the casing 30, so that the durability of the IC tag 20 is further increased. Further, the filler a can more reliably prevent foreign matter from entering the casing 30.
- a raw material of this filler a resin, rubber
- the casing 30 containing the IC tag 20 can be directly fitted into the hole 11 of the metal body M and fixed. However, in order to fix the casing 30 more firmly, it is desirable to arrange the filler b between the casing 30 and the inner surface of the hole 11 of the metal body M as shown in FIG.
- the material of the filler b for example, resin or rubber can be adopted, and an adhesive is particularly desirable.
- the filler b also exhibits the effect of protecting the IC tag 20 from vibration and deformation of the casing 30 due to its elasticity.
- the IC tag 20 can be directly fitted into the hole 11 of the metal body M and fixed. However, in order to more securely fix the IC tag 20, it is desirable to use the filler b.
- FIG. 3 shows a modification of the IC tag 20 of the present invention.
- the IC tag 20 of this modification employs cores 22 and 42 that are U-shaped in side view, instead of the cores 22 and 42 that are C-shaped in side view.
- each of the cores 22 and 42 has a pair of projecting portions 22a and 22c; 42a and 42c projecting linearly in the same direction, and the projecting portions 22a and 22c; Are connected by linear base portions 22b and 42b. That is, the tag-side antenna 24 and the reader / writer side protrusions 22a and 22c; 42a and 42c are both end portions of the cores 22 and 42 each having a U-shape when viewed from the side.
- the cores 22 and 42 can be obtained by dividing a square-shaped core into two.
- the material is the same as in the case of the toroidal core.
- the magnetic body may be sintered in a U shape in a side view without such division.
- FIG. 20 A further modification of the IC tag 20 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the IC tag 20 of this modification employs E-shaped cores 22 and 42 in side view instead of the C-shaped cores 22 and 42 in side view described above.
- the wire rods 21 and 41 wound around the cores 22 and 42 are respectively formed on the central protrusions 22a and 42a among the three protrusions 22a and 22c; 42a and 42c that protrude linearly in the same direction. It is wound.
- the magnetic flux is mostly absorbed from the central protrusion 22 a of the tag-side antenna 24 of the IC tag 20 into the central protrusion 42 a of the opposing reader / writer-side antenna 44, and at both ends of the reader / writer-side antenna 44.
- the magnetic flux emitted from the protruding portions 42c and 42c is almost absorbed by the protruding portions 22c and 22c at both ends of the opposing tag side antenna 24.
- a pot-shaped core 22 is employed.
- the shape of the core 22 is such that a columnar protrusion (one protrusion) 22a located at the center is surrounded by an arc-shaped protrusion (other protrusion) 22c located around the core.
- the arc-shaped projecting portions 22a are provided on both sides of the central projecting portion 22a to form an annular peripheral wall portion.
- one columnar protrusion 22a located at the center and the arc-shaped protrusions 22c on both sides are connected by a base 22b having a disk shape.
- a wire 21 made of a conductor is wound around the outer peripheral surface of one central projecting portion 22 a to form a tag-side antenna 24, and an IC chip 23 is connected to both ends of the wire 21.
- the wire 21 wound around one projecting portion 22a of the core 22 is drawn out of the core 22 from the notch 22e between the other projecting portions 22c, 22c forming an arc shape, and reaches the IC chip 23.
- the reader / writer side antenna 44 has the same configuration as the tag side antenna 24 and employs a pot-shaped core 42.
- the shape of the core 42 is such that a cylindrical protrusion (one protrusion) 42a located at the center is surrounded by an arc-shaped protrusion (other protrusions) 42c located around the core 42. .
- the arcuate projecting portion 42a is provided on both sides of the central projecting portion 42a to form an annular peripheral wall portion.
- one columnar protrusion 42a located at the center and the arc-shaped protrusions 42c on both sides are connected by a base 42b having a disk shape.
- both ends of the wire 41 wound around the outer peripheral surface of one protruding portion 42a of the core 42 are connected to a matching circuit 45 of a reader / writer 43 provided in the reader / writer device 40.
- the wire 41 wound around one projecting portion 42a of the core 42 is drawn out of the core 42 from a notch 42e between the other projecting portions 42c, 42c forming an arc shape, and is supplied to the matching circuit 45 of the reader / writer 43.
- the antenna terminal of the reader / writer is designed with an impedance of 50 ⁇ .
- the end surfaces 22d and 42d of the central projecting portions 22a and 42a and the other projecting portions 22c and 42c forming the peripheral wall portion are formed as flat surfaces.
- the end surfaces 22d and 42d of both the protrusions 22a and 22c; 42a and 42c be flat surfaces in this way.
- the flat surfaces are preferably in the same plane, but are not necessarily limited to the configuration in the same plane, and as long as the sensitivity of the tag is allowed, the positional relationship and orientation of the flat surfaces are free. Can be set.
- the reader / writer device 40 when information is transmitted / received between the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer device 40, the reader / writer device 40 is turned on to enable transmission / reception as shown in FIG. As shown, the position of one protrusion 42 a of the reader / writer side antenna 44 is positioned at the position of one protrusion 22 a of the tag side antenna 24, and the position of the other protrusion 22 c of the tag side antenna 24 is The two antennas 24 and 44 are opposed to each other so that the positions of the other protrusions 42 c of the writer-side antenna 44 are matched.
- the magnetic flux from one protrusion 22a located at the center of the tag side antenna 24 of the IC tag 20 to one protrusion located at the center of the opposing reader / writer side antenna 44 is another protruding portion 22 c that is located at the outer edge of the opposing tag side antenna 24. 22c is almost absorbed.
- the tag-side antenna 24 and the reader / writer-side antenna 44 have the same shape and the same size, and each of the other protrusions circular in plan view so as to surround one protrusion 22a, 42a, respectively. 22c and 42c are arranged. For this reason, if the positions of the one protrusions 22a and 42a (the positions of the central axes of the one protrusions 22a and 42a) are matched, the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer device 40 can have any Even in the relative orientation, the positions of the other protrusions 22c and 42c coincide with a state in which transmission / reception is possible.
- the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer device 40 adopting the pot-type cores 22 and 42 can function as an omnidirectional tag, and the IC tag 20 tag side antenna 24 and the reader / writer side antenna 44 are connected to each other. It is sufficient if the antenna centers are aligned. Since both the central axes are omnidirectional and angle alignment is not required, the reading operation is easy and reliable.
- the tag-side antenna 24 and the reader / writer-side antenna 44 each have a cylindrical protrusion (one protrusion) 22a, 42a located in the center and an arc-shaped protrusion located around the periphery.
- the one surrounded by 22c and 42c is adopted, but one protrusion 22a is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and is, for example, a prismatic shape, a truncated cone shape, or a truncated pyramid shape. Various shapes can be adopted.
- the other protrusion 22c only needs to form a continuous or intermittent peripheral wall on the outer periphery of the one protrusion 22a, 42a.
- the tag side antenna 24 and the reader / writer side antenna 44 are generally the same shape and the same size.
- the reader / writer side antenna 44 is made larger than the tag side antenna 24 or vice versa. Even a combination of these can function well.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the tag side antenna 24 and the IC chip 23 of the IC tag 20 are accommodated in a recess 31 provided in the casing 30.
- the casing 30 is fixed to the metal body M so that the recess 31 faces the opening side of the hole 11 of the metal body M.
- the end surfaces of the projecting portions 22 a and 22 a of the tag side antenna 24 face the opening side of the recess 31, that is, the opening side of the hole 11 of the metal body M.
- the configurations of the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer device 40 corresponding to the IC tag 20 can be employed in any of the above-described embodiments.
- a male screw portion 32 is provided on the outer periphery of the casing 30.
- the casing 30 is screwed and fixed to the hole 11 of the metal body M by the male screw portion 32.
- a female screw portion corresponding to the male screw portion 32 is formed in advance on the inner surface of the hole 11, but a female screw portion is formed on the inner surface of the hole 11 by screwing the male screw portion 32.
- the so-called tapping screw may be used.
- the IC tag 20 can be easily attached to and removed from the metal body M. Further, the IC tag 20 can be easily reused.
- the position (depth) of the tag-side antenna 24 of the IC tag 20 is changed to the surface of the metal body M by increasing or decreasing the screwing amount of the casing 30 into the hole 11 (screwing amount in the depth direction of the hole 11). Can be adjusted against. This facilitates tag sensitivity adjustment. Even when a casing 30 having another shape such as the above-described cylindrical casing 30 is adopted, such a male screw portion 32 can be provided.
- the casing 30 be configured to completely enter a hole provided in the metal body.
- a cylindrical or cylindrical so-called imo screw type casing 30 having no screw head is preferable.
- damage or the like due to foreign matter hitting the IC tag 20 or the casing 30 can be more reliably prevented.
- the surface layer of the metal body M after the IC tag 20 is attached can be processed.
- the shape of the bottom of the hole 11 of the metal body M is a tapered shape (conical shape) that gradually decreases in diameter as the depth increases. Further, the shape of the bottom of the casing 30 is tapered so as to come into surface contact with the bottom of the hole 11 exactly. For this reason, if the casing 30 is screwed and the bottom of the casing 30 is brought into close surface contact with the bottom of the hole 11, the friction force between the contact surfaces can contribute to prevention of loosening of the casing 30.
- a concave adhesive reservoir 34 can be provided at the bottom of the hole 11.
- a filler c can be disposed in the adhesive reservoir 34. If an adhesive is used as the filler c, the adhesive strength to the inner surface of the hole 11 of the IC tag 20 or the casing 30 can be further increased.
- an adhesive can be disposed between the male screw portion 32 of the casing 30 and the inner surface of the hole 11, and the effect of preventing loosening can be exhibited by the adhesive.
- the casing 30 can be screwed and rotated in the opposite direction by inserting an operation jig or the like into an operation portion 33 provided on a surface facing the opening side of the hole 11.
- the operation unit 33 may be configured as a hexagonal operation hole in a plan view and a general hexagon wrench inserted into the operation hole. Since the shape and position of the operation hole can be freely determined, the operation portion 33 may be, for example, a concave portion having a shape corresponding to a minus driver, a plus driver, a Torx driver, or the like.
- the operation portion 36 formed of a slit groove is provided at one end in the cylinder axial direction. Can be provided.
- the magnetic flux emitted from one protrusion 42 a of the core 42 of the reader / writer side antenna 44 is released into the air and enters the other protrusion 42 a of the core 42.
- the magnetic flux at the position A in the figure passes almost horizontally.
- the magnetic field is vertical (up and down direction in the figure). ) To maximize sensitivity.
- the distance between the tag side antenna 24 of the IC tag 20 and the reader / writer side antenna 44 of the reader / writer device 40 is almost 0, but communication can be sufficiently performed up to about 5 mm. If the distance is about 0 to 5 mm, even an ultra-small tag having a toroidal core outer diameter of 5 mm and a wall thickness of about 3 mm will function sufficiently.
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Abstract
Description
なお、一般に、導電率の高い素材(例えば、金属材料)や、透磁率の大きい素材(例えば、鉄、ニッケル、コバルトや各種化合物、センダスト、カーボニル鉄、フェライト(磁性材料)等からなる素材)に、ICタグのアンテナから発信される磁束を通過させると、タグの感度を低下させてしまうことが知られている。以下、これらのタグの感度を低下させる素材を「金属体」と総称する。
このため、ICタグ101のアンテナから発信される磁束は、図中の矢印のように、金属体Mを比較的短い距離で通過し、外部のリーダライタ装置のアンテナ(図示せず)へ至りやすいようになっている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。
読取り可能範囲にICタグ101が存在すると、リーダライタ側アンテナ114からの磁界をICタグ101のアンテナ(以下、「タグ側アンテナ」と称する)104が受け取り、ICチップ103の駆動電力を得るとともに、必要な処理を行い、結果のデータを、受け取った磁界を変調することにより返送する。
このシステムが有効に機能するよう、リーダライタ装置110のアンテナ回路とICタグ101のアンテナ回路とを動作周波数である13.56MHzに正しく同調し、同時に整合させる回路113が組み込まれている。
すなわち、リーダライタ側アンテナ114から発射された磁束ループが金属体を横切ることによって渦電流を発生し、それが金属体のショートサーキット内で熱として消費される。この結果、RFIDタグに伝達されるエネルギーが減少する。また、RFIDタグからリーダライタ側アンテナ114への返答も、同様にエネルギーが減少するので、通信距離が短くなったり、全く通信できない状態になる。
一般的に、ICタグ101の通信距離を延ばすために、共振周波数でのQ(品質係数)は適度に大きく設定されているので、周波数が一致している時には、伝送効率が高くなっているが、周波数がずれてしまうと、極端に効率が低くなり、ICタグ101の感度が低下する。
この対策としては、共振周波数の変化を前もって補正するよう、共振回路の共振周波数を調整することが有効である。また、金属体との間に磁性体シートを挟み金属体の影響を小さくする方法がある。上記第一の問題に対する対策で有効であった磁性体シートを挟む手法により、インダクタンスを増加方向に調整することが可能であるので、すべての影響を考慮した上で共振周波数を調整する必要がある。
このリーダライタ装置は、前記ICタグのタグ側アンテナと情報の送受信が可能なリーダライタ側アンテナを備えたものである。すなわち、前記タグ側アンテナの突出部から伸びる磁束が、金属体に設けた孔の開口の縁よりも内側を通って、そのリーダライタ側アンテナとの間で磁気閉回路を構成できるものである。リーダライタ装置及びリーダライタ側アンテナは、その磁気閉回路を通じて情報の交信ができる限りにおいて、種々の構成を採用できる。
例えば、リーダライタ側アンテナの構成として、タグ側アンテナと同様に、少なくとも複数の突出部を有して、その各突出部が、タグ側アンテナの各突出部に対向する構成とすることができる。
リーダライタ装置が備えるリーダライタ側アンテナと、ICタグが備えるタグ側アンテナとを繋ぐ磁束を、その両アンテナ内に閉じ込めてしまい、周囲に漏らさないような形が取れれば、その磁気閉回路が周囲の金属体の影響を受けないようにできる。
この発明は、これらの仕組みを応用し、リーダライタ側アンテナとタグ側アンテナとで2つのコイルを用いたものであり、すなわち、その2つのコイル(導体から成る線材)を、それぞれ、磁気閉回路を構成する透磁率の大きい素材から成るコアに巻いた構造のタグシステムを構成するようにしたものである。
このことは、既に説明した、近傍に金属体(前記導電物質や前記磁性体等)がある場合のICタグの性能が低下する理由である、漏れ磁束の悪影響をほぼ完全に取り除く効果がある。
なお、透磁率の大きい磁性材料で出来た一組のコアにコイルを巻くと、コイルのインダクタンスが増加するが、その増加する割合は、RFIDタグのコアとアンテナのコアが密着した状態で一番大きく、両者のギャップが大きくなるに従い小さくなる。この係数はインダクタンス係数(AL)と呼ばれている。
このように、両コアのギャップの大きさによりコイルのインダクタンスが変化するので、通信距離が最大となる位置で、最適なインダクタンスが得られるように、コイルの巻き数を調整することが望ましい。
この状態でも、コアの一端から出た磁束が空気に比べて透磁率が大きい素材の端面(前記突出部の端面)に吸い込まれるイメージとなり、漏れ磁束は十分に小さく、周囲の金属体の影響を受けないRFIDシステムとなる。
電池等の電源を内蔵しないパッシブタイプのRFIDタグでは、タグのICチップを駆動するエネルギとして、リーダのアンテナから放射される磁界からの電磁誘導によってRFIDタグのコイルに発生する誘導電気をその動力源としている。
磁束密度が決まると、コイルの巻き数nとコイルの断面積Sによって、発生する電圧が決まる。
使用するICチップの特性から、動作に必要な最低端子電圧が決っているので、タグを小型にしていくとコイルの断面積Sが小さくなり電圧が足りなくなってしまう。
コイル両端に発生する電圧Vは、次式で表される。
n:コイル巻数
S:コイルの断面積
B:磁束密度
本発明では、タグ側アンテナとリーダ側アンテナに、透磁率の高い材料を使った磁気閉回路を採用したことで、小型のアンテナでリーダ側アンテナに加える電力が小さくとも、タグ側アンテナにICチップが動作可能な電圧を得ることができる。
同様に、小型のアンテナサイズでもタグ側からの応答信号も効率よく伝送することが可能である。
以上の原理により、今まで実現不可能であった小型のRFIDタグを実現することができた。
なお、コアの透磁率としては、1~2000であるのが好ましいが、実際的には2~100であれば問題はない。
ここで、ICタグのアンテナとリーダライタのアンテナとの間隔を0~5mmに設定し、コアの外形を幅2~6mm、肉厚を1~4mmに設定して、確実に動作するRFIDシステムを実現することができた。
このとき、例えば、前記タグ側アンテナ及び前記ICチップが、筒状を成すケーシング内に収容されて構成され、前記各突出部の端面が前記ケーシングの筒軸方向一方の開口側へ臨む構成を採用することができる。
あるいは、前記タグ側アンテナ及び前記ICチップが、ケーシングに設けた凹部内に収容されて構成され、前記各突出部の端面が前記凹部の開口側へ臨む構成を採用することができる。
なお、このケーシングは、金属製であっても樹脂製であってもよいが、前記タグ側アンテナの突出部が臨む側を閉じたケーシングを用いる場合には、少なくともその閉じる側の素材は、感度を低下させない素材、例えば、樹脂製であることが望ましい。
充填材を用いれば、タグ側アンテナ及びICチップがケーシングに対してしっかりと固定されるので、ICタグの耐久性がより高まる。また、その充填材によって、ケーシング内への異物の侵入をより確実に防止できる。なお、この充填材の素材としては、例えば、樹脂又はゴム等を採用することができる。
ケーシングが金属体の孔に対してねじ込み固定であれば、ICタグの金属体への取付けが容易である。また、そのケーシングのねじ込み量(孔の深さ方向に対するねじ込み量)を増減することにより、ICタグのタグ側アンテナの位置(深さ)を、金属体の表面に対して調整することができる。このため、タグの感度調整も容易になる。
ICタグの収容スペースとしては、例えば、その頭部に凹部を形成しておき、ICタグのタグ側アンテナやICチップを、その頭部の凹部に収納することができる。あるいは、そのねじ形成部と頭部とを前記ねじ込み方向に貫通する孔を形成しておき、ICタグのタグ側アンテナやICチップを、その孔内に収容することができる。
この実施形態では、複列の円すいころ軸受を採用しているが、円筒ころ軸受、玉軸受等の他の種別の転がり軸受を採用してもよい。
また、外輪1に取付けられたICタグ20に記憶された情報を読み取る場合には、同じく、そのIC20にリーダライタ装置40を接近できる程度にまで、転がり軸受10やその周辺の部材を分解した後、行うこととなる。
もちろん、部品の分解を伴わずに、ICタグ20にリーダライタ装置40を接近できる場合には、その分解は不要である。
また、そのフラット面同士は同一面内にあることが望ましいが、必ずしも同一面内にある構成には限定されず、タグの感度が許容される限りにおいて、フラット面同士の位置関係(前記突出方向や、突出部22a,22c同士を結ぶ方向等への位置関係)や向きは自由に設定できる。
通常、リーダライタのアンテナ端子はインピーダンス50Ωで設計されているので、アンテナコイルのインダクタンスをマッチング回路の働きで50Ωに整合することで、リーダライタの出力を効率よくアンテナに伝送し、またタグからの信号を減衰することなくリーダライタに入力することが可能となる。
すなわち、例えば、ICタグ20のタグ側アンテナ24の一の突出部22aから出た磁束は、対向するリーダライタ装置40のリーダライタ側アンテナ44の一の突出部42aに殆ど吸収され、そのリーダライタ側アンテナ44の他の突出部42cから出た磁束は、対向するタグ側アンテナ24の他の突出部22cに殆ど吸収される。このため、ICタグ20が金属体Mに埋め込まれても、周囲の金属体Mの影響を受け難く、リーダライタ装置40と確実に交信を行うことができる。
また、本RFIDタグシステムで採用した閉磁気回路技術(Closed Magnetic Loop Technology)のさらなる利点として、アンテナから放射する磁束をコア内部に閉じ込める効果が大きく、その結果、アンテナ端から自由空間に放射される電磁気エネルギが小さいことが挙げられる。このことは、本システムが他の電子機器に与える影響が非常に小さいことを意味する。
充填材aを用いれば、タグ側アンテナ24及びICチップ23がケーシング30に対してしっかりと固定されるので、ICタグ20の耐久性がより高まる。また、その充填材aによって、ケーシング30内への異物の侵入をより確実に防止できる。なお、この充填材aの素材としては、例えば、樹脂又はゴム等を採用することができる。また、このケーシング30内への充填材aの素材を、接着剤とすることもできる。
各コア22,42に巻回される線材21,41は、同方向に向かって直線状に突出する3本の突出部22a,22c;42a,42cのうち、それぞれ中央の突出部22a,42aに巻回される。
また、中央に位置する円柱状の一の突出部22aと、両側の弧状の突出部22cとは、円盤状を成す基部22bで連結されている。
また、中央に位置する円柱状の一の突出部42aと、両側の弧状の突出部42cとは、円盤状を成す基部42bで連結されている。
通常、リーダライタのアンテナ端子はインピーダンス50Ωで設計されているので、アンテナコイルのインダクタンスをマッチング回路の働きで50Ωに整合することで、リーダライタの出力を効率よくアンテナに伝送し、またタグからの信号を減衰することなくリーダライタに入力することが可能となる点は同様である。
また、そのフラット面同士は同一面内にあることが望ましいが、必ずしも同一面内にある構成には限定されず、タグの感度が許容される限りにおいて、フラット面同士の位置関係や向きは自由に設定できる。
すなわち、このポット型のコア22,42を採用したICタグ20、及びリーダライタ装置40は、全方位タグとして機能し得るものであり、ICタグ20タグ側アンテナ24とリーダライタ側アンテナ44とのアンテナ中心を合わせれば十分であり、双方の中心軸周りに関しては無指向性で角度合わせが不要となるので、読み取り作業が容易で、かつ確実になる。
なお、タグ側アンテナ24とリーダライタ側アンテナ44とは同一の形状、同一の大きさが一般的であるが、例えばリーダライタ側アンテナ44をタグ側アンテナ24に比べて大きくしたり、又はその逆の組み合わせでも十分機能することが可能である。
このため、ケーシング30をねじ込んで、そのケーシング30の底を孔11の底にぴったりと面接触させれば、その接触面間の摩擦力によって、ケーシング30の緩み止めに寄与し得る。
この点、従来は、一般的なICタグ101を、図のように上下方向を向いたリーダライタ装置のリーダライタ側アンテナと対向して水平に置いたときに、その通信距離は最大となり、垂直に置くと感度はほぼ0となって、通信することができないものであった。
この発明のリーダライタ側アンテナ44を利用することによって、垂直に置かれたICタグ101を最大感度をもって読み書きすることができるRFIDシステムを実現すことが可能となった。
2 内輪
3 転動体
4 保持器
10 転がり軸受
11 孔
20,101 ICタグ
21 線材
22 コア
22a 突出部(一の突出部)
22b 基部
22c 突出部(他の突出部)
22d 端面
22e 切欠部
23,103 ICチップ
24,104 タグ側アンテナ
30 ケーシング
31 凹部
32 雄ネジ部
33,36 操作部
34 接着剤溜まり
35 内面
40,110 リーダライタ装置
41 線材
42 コア
42a 突出部(一の突出部)
42b 基部
42c 突出部(他の突出部)
42d 端面
42e 切欠部
43,113 リーダライタ
44,114 リーダライタ側アンテナ
45,115 マッチング回路
121 座繰り穴
121a 底
121b 開口
A 軸
H ハウジング
M 金属体
a,b 充填材(接着剤)
c 接着剤
Claims (13)
- 外輪(1)と内輪(2)の間に転動体(3)を介在させた転がり軸受(10)が備える金属体(M)に非接触交信型のICタグ(20)を取付けたICタグ付き軸受装置において、
前記ICタグ(20)は、そのICタグ(20)が備えるタグ側アンテナ(24)と、外部のリーダライタ装置が備えるリーダライタ側アンテナとの間で磁気閉回路を形成することで外部からの情報の交信が可能であり、
前記ICタグ(20)は、前記金属体(M)の表面に開口する孔(11)内に収容されて、前記タグ側アンテナ(24)は少なくとも複数の突出部(22a,22c)を有してその各突出部(22a,22c)が前記孔(11)の開口側へ臨み、前記各突出部(22a,22c)から伸びる磁束が、前記孔(11)の開口の縁よりも内側を通って前記孔(11)の外部へ至ることで、前記ICタグ(20)と前記リーダライタ装置との情報の交信が可能となる前記磁気閉回路を形成できることを特徴とするICタグ付き軸受装置。 - 前記少なくとも複数の突出部(22a,22c)は透磁率の大きい素材から成るコア(22)に設けられて、その複数の突出部(22a,22c)は基部(22b)で連結されており、前記ICタグ(20)は、前記基部(22b)又は前記突出部(22a,22c)に導体から成る線材(21)を巻回して前記タグ側アンテナ(24)を構成するとともに、ICチップ(23)を前記線材(21)の両端部に接続したものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記コア(22)は、トロイダルコアを周方向に沿って複数に分割した形状であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記少なくとも複数の突出部(22a,22c)は透磁率の大きい素材から成るコア(22)に設けられて、その複数の突出部(22a,22c)は基部(22b)で連結されて一の突出部(22a)が他の突出部(22c)に囲まれており、前記ICタグ(20)は、前記一の突出部(22a)に導体から成る線材(21)を巻回して前記タグ側アンテナ(24)を構成するとともに、ICチップ(23)を前記線材(21)の両端部に接続したものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記ICタグ(20)は、前記タグ側アンテナ(24)及び前記ICチップ(23)が筒状を成すケーシング(30)内に収容されて構成され、前記突出部(22a)の端面(22d)が前記ケーシング(30)の筒軸方向一方の開口側へ臨むことを特徴とする請求項2乃至4のいずれか一つに記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記ICタグ(20)は、前記タグ側アンテナ(21)及び前記ICチップ(23)が、ケーシング(30)に設けた凹部(31)内に収容されて構成され、前記各突出部(22a,22c)の端面(22d)が前記凹部(31)の開口側へ臨むことを特徴とする請求項2乃至4のいずれか一つに記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記タグ側アンテナ(24)及び前記ICチップ(23)と、前記ケーシング(30)の内面との間の空間に充填材(a)を配置したことを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記充填材(a)は、樹脂又はゴムであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記ICタグ(20)は、前記孔(11)内に接着剤(b,c)で固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一つに記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記ケーシング(30)は、前記孔(11)内に接着剤(b,c)で固定されていることを特徴とする請求項5乃至8のいずれか一つに記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記孔(11)の底に凹状の接着剤溜まり(34)を設け、前記接着剤(c)は、その接着剤溜まり(34)内に配置されることを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記ケーシング(30)の外周に雄ネジ部(32)を設け、前記ケーシング(30)は、その雄ネジ部(32)によって前記孔(11)にねじ込み固定されることを特徴とする請求項5乃至8、10又は11のいずれか一つに記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
- 前記雄ネジ部(32)と前記孔(11)の内面との間に接着剤(c)を配置したことを特徴とする請求項12に記載のICタグ付き軸受装置。
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EP12808224.5A EP2728517B1 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2012-06-21 | Bearing assembly including ic tag |
US14/130,010 US9441676B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2012-06-21 | Bearing assembly including IC tag |
CN201280042604.1A CN103765444B (zh) | 2011-07-01 | 2012-06-21 | 附带ic标签的轴承装置 |
BR112013033886A BR112013033886A2 (pt) | 2011-07-01 | 2012-06-21 | conjunto de mancal |
RU2014103459A RU2606059C2 (ru) | 2011-07-01 | 2012-06-21 | Узел подшипника, включающий в себя ис метку |
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EP (1) | EP2728517B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2013033460A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103765444B (ja) |
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2012
- 2012-06-21 BR BR112013033886A patent/BR112013033886A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-06-21 US US14/130,010 patent/US9441676B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-21 EP EP12808224.5A patent/EP2728517B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-06-21 WO PCT/JP2012/065860 patent/WO2013005574A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-06-21 CN CN201280042604.1A patent/CN103765444B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-21 RU RU2014103459A patent/RU2606059C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-06-25 JP JP2012141865A patent/JP2013033460A/ja active Pending
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JP2004286087A (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-14 | Hanex Co Ltd | 磨耗検出方法 |
JP2006038189A (ja) | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-09 | Ntn Corp | Icタグ付き車輪用軸受装置 |
JP2006044740A (ja) * | 2004-08-04 | 2006-02-16 | Ntn Corp | 機械要素商品の梱包容器および梱包方法 |
JP2006046558A (ja) | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-16 | Ntn Corp | Icタグ付き複列転がり軸受 |
JP2006053603A (ja) | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-23 | Ntn Corp | Rfid用タグの取付け方法 |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See also references of EP2728517A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2728517A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
EP2728517B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
RU2606059C2 (ru) | 2017-01-10 |
US20140140648A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
RU2014103459A (ru) | 2015-08-10 |
US9441676B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
JP2013033460A (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
CN103765444A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
BR112013033886A2 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
CN103765444B (zh) | 2017-08-25 |
EP2728517A4 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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